A dry method recovery device for waste power lithium battery

Abstract

The application discloses a dry recycling device for waste power lithium batteries, which comprises a through cover body, and further comprises a rotary shearing mechanism, a positioning and opening mechanism and the like. The rotary shearing mechanism comprises a rotary base arranged in the middle of the cover body, a driving gear ring fixedly installed on the middle of the outer surface of the rotary base and used for bearing the rotary base, and a driving gear wheel rotatably installed on the outside of the cover body and located at the position of the driving gear ring. The positioning and opening mechanism is used for positioning and opening the lithium battery. Through the rotary shearing mechanism and the positioning and opening mechanism, the hollow clamping columns arranged in an annular shape at equal intervals are matched with the spiral metal shearing leaves, the combined motion of revolution and rotation is realized by the use of bevel gears and a lifting inner tooth cover, the lithium battery is subjected to multi-dimensional cutting force in the crushing cavity, the integrity of the metal shell is maintained through the progressive cutting path of the metal shearing leaves, and the bending and overlapping of the fragments are avoided, so that the problem that the active substance is wrapped by the metal fragments caused by the traditional irregular crushing is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery recycling technology, and in particular to a dry recycling device for waste power lithium batteries. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries are high-performance rechargeable batteries specifically designed to power electric vehicles, energy storage devices, and other applications. They feature high energy density, long cycle life, and low self-discharge. After their service life ends, the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries no longer meets application standards, necessitating systematic recycling to achieve resource recovery. Current technologies primarily divide lithium-ion battery recycling processes into two technical pathways: dry physical processing and wet chemical processing. The dry physical recycling process uses physical methods such as mechanical crushing and multi-stage sorting to separate the electrode active materials from the metal casing of the spent batteries, directly recovering key materials such as lithium cobalt oxide.

[0003] In existing dry physical recycling processes for lithium batteries, especially during the crushing stage, disassembled cylindrical lithium batteries are sent to crushing equipment for mechanical crushing. This step aims to effectively separate the active material inside the battery from the metal casing. However, existing crushing equipment often uses two relatively rotating crushing rollers to perform irregular crushing operations on cylindrical lithium batteries. Although it can achieve a basic crushing effect, the lack of targeted crushing path design leads to some of the separated active material particles easily mixing with overlapping and bent metal fragments, forming complex mixtures. When these mixtures enter the subsequent screening stage, the physical morphology of the metal fragments makes it difficult to completely separate the active material from the overlapping and bent metal fragments. This not only increases the difficulty of the recycling process but also causes some active material to be lost with the metal fragments, resulting in resource waste. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a dry recycling device for waste power lithium batteries.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the basic technical solution proposed by this invention is as follows:

[0006] A dry recycling device for waste power lithium batteries includes a through-body housing and a rotary shredding mechanism located inside the housing for shredding and crushing the lithium batteries. The rotary shredding mechanism includes a rotating base frame located in the middle of the housing and a drive gear ring fixedly installed on the middle of the outer surface of the rotating base frame for support. It also includes a drive gear rotatably installed outside the housing and located at the position of the drive gear ring. The rotating base frame has three hollow clamping columns arranged in a ring with equal spacing inside, and bevel gears are fixedly installed at the middle of both ends of the hollow clamping columns. A positioning and spreading mechanism is used to guide and center the lithium batteries to be crushed, and works with the rotary shredding mechanism to clamp and secure the lithium batteries. The positioning and spreading mechanism includes two lifting inner toothed covers located inside the housing and symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends of the rotating base frame.

[0007] Preferably, the line connecting the center point of each of the three hollow clamping columns to the center point of the rotating base is of the same length. The lower half of the hollow clamping column is provided with a metal shaving blade for cutting the lithium battery, and the metal shaving blade is spirally wound around the outside of the hollow clamping column. The metal shaving blade and the hollow clamping column are connected by a hard rubber strip, and the winding trajectory of the hard rubber strip and the metal shaving blade is the same. A cutting edge is provided at the outer edge of the metal shaving blade. The upper half of the hollow clamping column is provided with multiple one-way suction holes arranged in a ring at equal intervals. The one-way suction holes are designed with a conical structure, with the larger end of the one-way suction hole facing outward and the smaller end facing inward. The upper half of the hollow clamping column and at each row of one-way suction holes are provided with a soft fiber brush for cleaning the surface of the lithium battery.

[0008] Preferably, the drive gear meshes with the drive ring gear, and the outer end of the drive gear is connected to the output end of the external drive component via a coupling. Both ends of the rotating base are provided with three sliding openings arranged in a ring at equal intervals, and the sliding openings correspond to the positions of the hollow clamping column. Inside the sliding opening, a slider is elastically installed via a return spring to guide and reset the hollow clamping column, and the hollow clamping column and the slider are rotatably arranged.

[0009] Preferably, the lifting inner gear cover is positioned corresponding to the rotating base frame, and the lifting inner gear cover has a conical structure design. The large ends of the two lifting inner gear covers are directly opposite each other, and the lifting inner gear cover meshes with the bevel gear for transmission. The positioning and opening mechanism also includes three opening and closing components arranged in a ring at equal intervals at the middle of the upper end of the cover body, and three linkage components arranged in a ring at equal intervals on the outside of the cover body. The linkage components include a transmission gear rotatably mounted on the outer surface of the cover body and located between the two lifting inner gear covers, and two L-shaped tooth plates respectively fixed to the outer ends of the two lifting inner gear covers. Both L-shaped tooth plates are meshed with the transmission gear.

[0010] Preferably, the opening and closing assembly includes a guide plate, a ramp plate, a hanger, a pulley, and a T-shaped rod. The ramp plate is slidably disposed on the upper end surface of the cover. The guide plate is fixedly installed on the upper slope end of the ramp plate. The hanger is disposed on the outer wall of the ramp plate and is connected to the lifting inner gear cover located above. The pulley is installed on the top of the inner wall of the hanger and rolls on the inclined surface of the ramp plate. The T-shaped rod is disposed inside the ramp plate and is connected to the cover. The ramp plate and the T-shaped rod slide relative to each other. The upper half of the guide plate has a curved streamlined structure design, and the lower half of the guide plate has a straight arc surface structure design.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes an intermittent adsorption mechanism for collecting dust particles. The intermittent adsorption mechanism includes a modular tube disposed inside the shroud and directly below the rotating base, and a dust-collecting tube disposed at the center of the bottom of the shroud. Both the modular tube and the dust-collecting tube have a ring-shaped structure design, and the dust-collecting tube rotates relative to the shroud. An anti-detachment ring is fixedly disposed on the outer surface of the dust-collecting tube, at the center of the side facing the shroud, to support the dust-collecting tube. The modular tube consists of three supporting rigid sections and three rubber flexible sections, with the supporting rigid sections positioned... Between two adjacent rubber flexible tubes, and with the rubber flexible tubes corresponding to the hollow clamping column, three supporting rigid tubes are connected and communicate with the three rubber flexible tubes. An adapter is fixedly installed on the outer surface of each rubber flexible tube and on one side of the hollow clamping column. The hollow clamping column and the adapter rotate relative to each other. The supporting rigid tubes are connected to the rotating base frame through a rigid tube connecting plate. One of the supporting rigid tubes is connected to the dust collection tube through an air guide tube. The supporting rigid tubes, the air guide tube, and the dust collection tube are connected and communicate with each other.

[0012] Preferably, it further includes a fixing ring disposed at the bottom of the outer surface of the cover, and an air cylinder near the fixing ring. A plurality of ratchet plates arranged in a ring at equal intervals are fixedly disposed in the middle of the outer surface of the fixing ring. An exhaust one-way valve is installed at the exhaust end of the air cylinder, and an intake one-way valve is installed at the air inlet end of the air cylinder. A piston rod is elastically mounted in the middle of the air cylinder by a compression spring. A movable plug is fixedly disposed in the middle of one end of the piston rod, and a push wheel is installed in the middle of the other end of the piston rod. A guide plate is fixedly disposed on the inner surface of the air cylinder, and the piston rod slides relative to the guide plate. An air extraction pipe is disposed on the outer surface of the dust collection pipe near the intake one-way valve. One end of the air extraction pipe is connected to the dust collection pipe, and the other end of the air extraction pipe is connected to the air inlet end of the intake one-way valve.

[0013] Preferably, the inner surface of the cover is fixedly provided with a circular rail opening for supporting the drive gear ring, and the drive gear ring is rotatably disposed in the circular rail opening. The outer surface of the cover is provided with a through opening at the position of the drive gear. The inner surface of the cover is provided with three vertical rail openings arranged in a ring at equal intervals near each lifting inner gear cover position.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0015] By setting up a rotary cutting mechanism and a positioning and spreading mechanism, during use, hollow clamping columns arranged in a ring at equal intervals work with spiral metal cutting blades. A composite motion of revolution and rotation is achieved by bevel gears and a lifting inner toothed cover, subjecting the lithium battery to multidimensional cutting forces within the crushing chamber. This method maintains the integrity of the metal casing through the progressive cutting path of the metal cutting blades, preventing fragments from bending and overlapping. Furthermore, the spiral angle of the metal cutting blades generates axial conveying force, ensuring the lithium battery falls naturally during crushing. This solves the problem of active material being encased in metal fragments due to traditional irregular crushing. Secondly, the meshing transmission between the lifting inner toothed cover and the bevel gear, along with the L-shaped toothed plate and transmission gear in the linkage assembly, enables the synchronous opening and closing of the three hollow clamping columns. When processing lithium batteries of different diameters, the guide plate moves the ramp plate under the guidance of the T-shaped rod. The meshing position of the lifting inner toothed cover is adjusted through the linkage of pulleys and the hanger, ensuring the battery remains centered and receives uniform clamping force. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cover of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cover of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the cover of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary slicing mechanism of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary slicing mechanism of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the hollow clamping column structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lifting inner gear cover of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the intermittent adsorption mechanism of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged view of the structure at point B in the middle;

[0027] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the intermittent adsorption mechanism of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0029] 100. Cover body; 101. Vertical rail opening; 102. Circular rail opening; 200. Positioning and opening mechanism; 201. Guide plate; 202. Inclined plate; 203. Hanger; 204. Lifting inner gear cover; 205. Pulley; 206. T-shaped rod; 207. L-shaped toothed plate; 208. Transmission gear; 300. Intermittent adsorption mechanism; 301. Fixing ring; 302. Module tube; 303. Dust collection tube; 304. Air guide tube; 305. Air extraction tube; 306. Air cylinder; 307. Ratchet plate; 308. Anti-detachment ring; 309. Push wheel; 310. Guide plate; 311. Inlet one-way valve; 312. Compression spring; 313. Exhaust check valve; 314. Movable plug; 315. Piston rod; 316. Support rigid tube; 317. Adapter nozzle; 318. Rigid tube connecting plate; 319. Rubber flexible tube; 400. Rotary slugging mechanism; 401. Rotary base frame; 402. Hollow clamping column; 403. Drive gear; 404. Drive gear ring; 405. Bevel gear; 406. Slide mouth; 407. Return spring; 408. Slider; 409. One-way suction hole; 410. Fiber soft brush; 411. Hard rubber strip; 412. Metal slugging blade; 413. Blade edge. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following will be combined with the appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 12 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have been clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] This invention provides a technical solution: a dry recycling device for waste power lithium batteries, including a through-type enclosure 100. The device further includes: a rotary shredding mechanism 400 disposed inside the enclosure 100 for shredding and crushing the lithium batteries; and a positioning and supporting mechanism 200 for guiding and centering the lithium batteries to be crushed, which, in conjunction with the rotary shredding mechanism 400, clamps and secures the lithium batteries. In use, the lithium batteries are first vertically placed and fed into the rotary shredding mechanism 400 via an external conveying device, then crushed by the rotary shredding mechanism 400. After crushing, the lithium batteries fall into a screening device for screening. It is worth noting that the conveying device and screening device in this invention are integrated using existing mature technologies, and their specific structures and working principles are not innovative points of this invention; therefore, they are not shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Specifically, the rotary slicing mechanism 400 includes a rotary base frame 401 disposed in the middle of the cover 100, and a drive gear ring 404 fixedly installed in the middle of the outer surface of the rotary base frame 401 and supported by the rotary base frame 401 for driving the rotary base frame 401 to rotate synchronously. It also includes a drive gear 403 rotatably installed outside the cover 100 and located at the position of the drive gear ring 404. The rotary base frame 401 has a cylindrical structure design. The drive gear 403 meshes with the drive gear ring 404 for transmission. The outer end of the drive gear 403 is connected to the output end of the external drive component via a coupling. The rotary base frame 401 has three hollow clamping columns 402 arranged in a ring at equal intervals inside. The center point of each of the three hollow clamping columns 402 is perpendicular to the rotary base frame. The lines connecting the center points of the frame 401 are of equal length. Three hollow clamping columns 402 enclose a crushing chamber for storing lithium batteries. During use, the fed lithium batteries eventually fall into the crushing chamber and undergo crushing. Each end of the rotating frame 401 has three equally spaced, ring-shaped sliding openings 406. The sliding openings 406 correspond to the positions of the hollow clamping columns 402. Inside each sliding opening 406, a sliding block 408 is elastically installed via a return spring 407 to guide and reset the hollow clamping columns 402. The hollow clamping columns 402 and the sliding block 408 are rotatably mounted. Bevel gears 405 are fixedly installed at the middle of both ends of the hollow clamping columns 402 to drive them to rotate synchronously. The lower half of the hollow clamping columns 402... A metal cutting blade 412 for cutting lithium batteries is provided. The metal cutting blade 412 is spirally wound around the outside of the hollow clamping column 402. The metal cutting blade 412 and the hollow clamping column 402 are connected by a hard rubber strip 411. The hard rubber strip 411 and the metal cutting blade 412 have the same winding trajectory. A cutting edge 413 is provided at the outer edge of the metal cutting blade 412. The advantage of this design is that when the lithium battery falls into the crushing chamber, the cutting direction generated by the spiral metal cutting blade 412 can quickly and repeatedly cut the metal shell on the surface of the lithium battery without breaking the metal shell, gradually exposing the internal active material. On the other hand, it can actively and continuously transport the cut lithium battery downwards. To complete the unloading of lithium batteries, the upper half of the hollow clamping column 402 is provided with multiple one-way suction holes 409 arranged in a ring at equal intervals. These holes are used to suck dust particles into the hollow clamping column 402. The one-way suction holes 409 have a conical structure design, with the larger end facing outward and the smaller end facing inward, to prevent backflow of gas mixed with dust particles. A soft fiber brush 410 is provided on the upper half of the hollow clamping column 402 at each row of one-way suction holes 409 to clean the surface of the lithium battery. Because of the soft fiber brush 410 and the one-way suction holes 409 on the upper half of the hollow clamping column 402, the lithium battery can be cleaned preferentially before crushing. Guide ribs are fixedly provided in the middle of both ends of the slider 408.The inner surface of the sliding groove 406 has guide grooves at each guide rib position. A circular rail opening 102 for supporting the drive gear ring 404 is fixedly provided on the inner surface of the cover 100 at the position of the drive gear ring 404. The drive gear ring 404 is rotatably disposed within the circular rail opening 102, and the teeth of the drive gear ring 404 do not contact the inner surface of the circular rail opening 102. A through-hole is provided on the outer surface of the cover 100 at the position of the drive gear 403 to ensure normal contact and meshing between the drive gear 403 and the drive gear ring 404. It is worth noting that the driving component, i.e., the electric motor, is not shown in the accompanying drawings and, as prior art, will not be described in detail here. A through-hole is provided at the bottom end of the hollow clamping column 402.

[0033] Specifically, the positioning and opening mechanism 200 includes two lifting inner gear covers 204, both located inside the cover 100 and symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends of the rotating base 401. The two lifting inner gear covers 204 respectively wrap and cover the bevel gears 405 at both ends. The lifting inner gear covers 204 mesh with the bevel gears 405 for transmission. Three vertical rail openings 101, arranged in a ring and at equal intervals, are provided on the inner surface of the cover 100 near each lifting inner gear cover 204. These openings are used to position the lifting inner gear covers 204 during vertical movement, preventing them from rotating. In use, the lifting inner gear covers 204 enable external driving components to pass through the drive gear 403, drive gear ring 404, and rotating base 401. When the three hollow clamping columns 402 revolve, they can simultaneously rotate on their own axis, cutting the lithium battery through rotation. The lifting inner toothed cover 204 corresponds to the rotating base 401 and has a conical structure design. The large ends of the two lifting inner toothed covers 204 face each other. During use, when the two lifting inner toothed covers 204 move closer or further away simultaneously, the three hollow clamping columns 402 will merge or move away simultaneously under the action of the slider 408 and the bevel gear 405, thus enabling the breaking of lithium batteries of different diameters. In this case, the positioning and opening mechanism 200 also includes three opening and closing components arranged in a ring at equal intervals at the middle of the upper end of the cover 100, and three... The linkage components are arranged in a ring at equal intervals outside the cover 100. The opening and closing components include a guide plate 201, a ramp 202, a hanger 203, a pulley 205, and a T-shaped rod 206. The ramp 202 is slidably disposed on the upper end face of the cover 100. The T-shaped rod 206 is disposed inside the ramp 202 and is used to position the ramp 202 during sliding. The T-shaped rod 206 is connected to the cover 100, and the ramp 202 and the T-shaped rod 206 slide relative to each other. The guide plate 201 is fixedly installed on the upper slope end of the ramp 202 for correcting and centering the lithium battery. The upper half of the guide plate 201 has a curved streamlined structure design, and the lower half of the guide plate 201 has a straight arc-shaped structure design. The hanger 203 is provided with... The outer wall of the ramp 202 is used to lift the inner gear cover 204. The hanger 203 is connected to the inner gear cover 204 in the upper position. The pulley 205 is installed on the top of the inner wall of the hanger 203 and rolls on the inclined surface of the ramp 202 to reduce friction at the connection. The linkage component includes a transmission gear 208 rotatably installed on the outer surface of the cover 100 and located between the two inner gear covers 204, and two L-shaped toothed plates 207 respectively fixed to the outer ends of the two inner gear covers 204. Both L-shaped toothed plates 207 are meshed with the transmission gear 208. In use, when crushing large-diameter lithium batteries, the conveying of lithium batteries will cause the three guide plates 201 to be stretched open.The three guide plates 201, positioned far apart, will cause their respective ramp plates 202 to move further apart, and the pulleys 205 will gradually roll towards the uphill position of the ramp plates 202. This causes the ramp plates 202 to lift the hangers 203 via the pulleys 205, resulting in the hangers 203 at both ends moving away from each other under the action of the L-shaped toothed plates 207 and the transmission gears 208. This adjusts the meshing position of the lifting inner gear cover 204 and the bevel gear 405, thereby increasing the transmission diameter of the lifting inner gear cover 204. The ramp plates 202 have T-slots inside, and the T-shaped rods 206 are located within these T-slots.

[0034] Furthermore, to prevent the swept-off dust particles from re-adhering to the lithium battery surface or even mixing into the exposed active materials, this solution also includes an intermittent adsorption mechanism 300 for collecting dust particles. Specifically, the intermittent adsorption mechanism 300 includes a module tube 302 disposed inside the cover 100 and directly below the rotating base 401, and a dust collection tube 303 disposed in the middle of the bottom end of the cover 100. Both the module tube 302 and the dust collection tube 303 have an annular structure design. The dust collection tube 303 rotates relative to the cover 100. An anti-detachment ring 308 is fixedly disposed on the outer surface of the dust collection tube 303 and in the middle of the side facing the cover 100 to support the dust collection tube 303. The cross-section of the anti-detachment ring 308 has a T-shaped structure design, and the anti-detachment ring... 308 is rotatably mounted in the inner wall at the bottom of the cover 100. The module tube 302 consists of three supporting rigid tubes 316 and three rubber flexible tubes 319. The rubber flexible tubes 319 correspond to the hollow clamping column 402. The supporting rigid tubes 316 are located between two adjacent rubber flexible tubes 319. The three supporting rigid tubes 316 and the three rubber flexible tubes 319 are interconnected. An adapter 317 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the rubber flexible tube 319, located on one side of the hollow clamping column 402. The hollow clamping column 402 and the adapter 317 rotate relative to each other. O-rings are provided at both ends of the adapter 317 to increase the sealing at the connection. The supporting rigid tubes 316 and the rotating base frame 401 are connected by a rigid tube connecting plate 318. Next, one of the supporting rigid sections 316 is connected to the dust collection tube 303 via an air guide tube 304, and the supporting rigid section 316, air guide tube 304, and dust collection tube 303 are interconnected. The air guide tube 304 is used to drive the dust collection tube 303 and the module tube 302 to rotate synchronously. Furthermore, the intermittent adsorption mechanism 300 also includes a fixing ring 301 set at the bottom of the outer surface of the cover 100, and an air cylinder 306 near the fixing ring 301. The exhaust end of the air cylinder 306 is equipped with an exhaust one-way valve 313 to discharge the gas inside the air cylinder 306 to the outside and prevent backflow. The air inlet end of the air cylinder 306 is equipped with an inlet one-way valve 311 to allow external gas to enter the air cylinder 306 and prevent gas backflow. The middle part of the air cylinder 306 is connected by a compression spring. A piston rod 315 is elastically mounted on a cylinder 312. A movable plug 314 is fixedly installed at the middle of one end of the piston rod 315, and a pusher 309 is installed at the middle of the other end of the piston rod 315. A guide plate 310 is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the air cylinder 306, and the piston rod 315 slides relative to the guide plate 310. It is worth noting that the function of the guide plate 310 is only to guide the piston rod 315; gas channels still exist at both ends, and the normal flow of gas is not affected. Multiple ratchet plates 307 arranged in a ring at equal intervals are fixedly installed at the middle of the outer surface of the fixed ring 301. These ratchet plates are used to push the pusher 309 and the piston rod 315, and the movable plug 314 is used to discharge the extracted gas through the exhaust check valve 313. When the ratchet plates 307 are no longer in contact with the pusher 309,The piston rod 315, under the action of the compression spring 312, gradually resets itself and the movable plug 314, and uses the intake check valve 311 to draw air. An air extraction pipe 305 is located on the outer surface of the dust collection pipe 303, near the intake check valve 311. One end of the air extraction pipe 305 is connected to the dust collection pipe 303, and the other end is connected to the air inlet of the intake check valve 311.

[0035] Based on the above, this invention, by setting up a rotary cutting mechanism 400 and a positioning and opening mechanism 200, utilizes hollow clamping columns 402 arranged in a ring at equal intervals in conjunction with spiral metal cutting blades 412. Driven by bevel gears 405 and a lifting inner gear cover 204, a composite motion of revolution and rotation is achieved, subjecting the lithium battery to multidimensional cutting forces within the crushing chamber. This method maintains the integrity of the metal casing through the progressive cutting path of the metal cutting blades 412, preventing fragments from bending and overlapping. Furthermore, the helical angle of the metal cutting blades 412 generates axial conveying force, ensuring the lithium battery falls naturally during crushing. This solves the problem of active material being encased in metal fragments due to traditional irregular crushing. Secondly, through the meshing transmission between the lifting inner gear cover 204 and the bevel gears 405, and in conjunction with the L-shaped toothed plate 207 and the transmission gear 208 in the linkage assembly, the synchronous opening and closing of the three hollow clamping columns 402 is achieved. When processing lithium batteries of different diameters, the guide plate 201, guided by the T-shaped rod 206, drives the ramp plate 202 to move. The engagement position of the lifting inner toothed cover 204 is adjusted through the linkage between the pulley 205 and the hanger 203, ensuring that the battery is always centered and subjected to uniform clamping force. This invention, by setting an intermittent adsorption mechanism 300, utilizes the alternating arrangement of the supporting rigid section tube 316 and the rubber flexible section tube 319 of the module tube 302, in conjunction with the dust collection tube 303. The one-way valve assembly of the air cylinder 306 forms a periodic negative pressure adsorption system. When the rotating base frame 401 rotates, the ratchet plate 307 pushes the push wheel 309 to compress the piston rod 315 and the movable plug 314, generating instantaneous suction through the air extraction pipe 305. The dust collected by the one-way suction hole 409 is discharged into the dust collection pipe 303 through the air guide pipe 304. Combined with the cleaning action of the fiber soft brush 410, the secondary pollution of the active material by the fine particles generated during the crushing process is effectively avoided.

[0036] Based on the disclosure and teachings of the foregoing specification, those skilled in the art can make changes and modifications to the above embodiments. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and changes to the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although some specific terms are used in this specification, these terms are only for convenience of explanation and do not constitute any limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A dry recycling device for waste power lithium batteries, comprising a through-type cover (100), characterized in that, Also includes: A rotary shredding mechanism (400) is disposed inside the cover (100) for shredding and crushing lithium batteries. The rotary shredding mechanism (400) includes a rotary base frame (401) disposed in the middle of the cover (100), and a drive gear ring (404) fixedly installed in the middle of the outer surface of the rotary base frame (401) and supported by the rotary base frame (401). It also includes a drive gear (403) rotatably installed outside the cover (100) and located at the position of the drive gear ring (404). The rotary base frame (401) The interior is provided with three hollow clamping columns (402) arranged in a ring at equal intervals, and bevel gears (405) are fixedly installed at the middle of both ends of the hollow clamping columns (402); a positioning and opening mechanism (200) is used to guide and center the lithium battery to be broken, and works in conjunction with the rotating cutting mechanism (400) to clamp and fasten the lithium battery. The positioning and opening mechanism (200) includes two lifting inner toothed covers (204) located inside the cover (100) and symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends of the rotating base frame (401). The line connecting the center point of each of the three hollow clamping columns (402) to the center point of the rotating base frame (401) has the same length. The lower half of each hollow clamping column (402) is provided with a metal snagging blade (412) for cutting lithium batteries. The metal snagging blade (412) is spirally wound around the outside of the hollow clamping column (402). The metal snagging blade (412) is connected to the hollow clamping column (402) by a hard rubber strip (411), and the winding trajectory of the hard rubber strip (411) and the metal snagging blade (412) is the same. Similarly, the metal cutting blade (412) has a cutting edge (413) on its outer edge line. The upper half of the hollow clamping column (402) has multiple one-way suction holes (409) arranged in a ring at equal intervals. The one-way suction holes (409) are designed with a conical structure, with the large end of the one-way suction hole (409) facing outward and the small end facing inward. The upper half of the hollow clamping column (402) and each row of one-way suction holes (409) is provided with a soft fiber brush (410) for cleaning the surface of the lithium battery. The drive gear (403) meshes with the drive gear ring (404) for transmission, and the outer end of the drive gear (403) is connected to the output end of the external drive component through a coupling. Both ends of the rotating base frame (401) are provided with three sliding mouths (406) arranged in a ring at equal intervals. The sliding mouths (406) correspond to the positions of the hollow clamping column (402). Inside the sliding mouths (406), a slider (408) for guiding and resetting the hollow clamping column (402) is elastically installed through a return spring (407). The hollow clamping column (402) and the slider (408) are rotatably arranged. The lifting inner gear cover (204) is positioned opposite to the rotating base frame (401), and the lifting inner gear cover (204) has a conical structure design. The large ends of the two lifting inner gear covers (204) are set facing each other, and the lifting inner gear cover (204) meshes with the bevel gear (405). The positioning and opening mechanism (200) also includes three opening and closing components arranged in a ring at equal intervals at the middle of the upper end of the cover body (100), and three linkage components arranged in a ring at equal intervals outside the cover body (100). The linkage components include a transmission gear (208) rotatably mounted on the outer surface of the cover body (100) and located between the two lifting inner gear covers (204), and two L-shaped tooth plates (207) respectively fixed to the outer ends of the two lifting inner gear covers (204). Both L-shaped tooth plates (207) are meshed with the transmission gear (208).

2. The dry recycling device for waste power lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening and closing assembly includes a guide plate (201), a ramp plate (202), a hanger (203), a pulley (205), and a T-shaped rod (206). The ramp plate (202) is slidably disposed on the upper end surface of the cover (100). The guide plate (201) is fixedly installed on the upper slope end of the ramp plate (202). The hanger (203) is disposed on the outer wall of the ramp plate (202) and is connected to the lifting inner gear cover (204) located above. The pulley... (205) is installed on the top of the inner wall of the hanger (203), and the pulley (205) rolls on the inclined surface of the ramp plate (202). The T-shaped rod (206) is set inside the ramp plate (202) and is connected to the cover (100). The ramp plate (202) and the T-shaped rod (206) slide relative to each other. The upper half of the guide plate (201) has a curved streamlined structure design, and the lower half of the guide plate (201) has a straight arc surface structure design.

3. The dry recycling device for waste power lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an intermittent adsorption mechanism (300) for collecting dust particles. The intermittent adsorption mechanism (300) includes a module tube (302) disposed inside the cover (100) and located directly below the rotating base (401), and a dust collection tube (303) disposed in the middle of the bottom end of the cover (100). Both the module tube (302) and the dust collection tube (303) are designed in a ring structure, and the dust collection tube (303) rotates relative to the cover (100). An anti-detachment ring (308) for supporting the dust collection tube (303) is fixedly disposed on the outer surface of the dust collection tube (303) and in the middle of the side facing the cover (100). The module tube (302) is composed of three supporting rigid tubes (316) and three rubber flexible tubes (319), and the supporting rigid tubes (316) are located in the middle of the side facing the cover (100). Between two adjacent rubber flexible tubes (319), and the rubber flexible tubes (319) and the hollow clamping column (402) are positioned opposite each other, the three supporting rigid tubes (316) are connected to and communicate with the three rubber flexible tubes (319), the outer surface of the rubber flexible tubes (319) and located on one side of the hollow clamping column (402) are fixedly installed with an adapter (317), and the hollow clamping column (402) and the adapter (317) rotate relative to each other, the supporting rigid tubes (316) are connected to the rotating base frame (401) through a rigid tube connecting plate (318), and one of the supporting rigid tubes (316) is connected to the dust collection tube (303) through an air guide tube (304), and the supporting rigid tubes (316), the air guide tube (304) and the dust collection tube (303) are connected.

4. The dry recycling device for waste power lithium batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a fixing ring (301) located at the bottom of the outer surface of the cover (100), and an air cylinder (306) located near the fixing ring (301). Multiple ratchet plates (307) arranged in a ring at equal intervals are fixedly installed in the middle of the outer surface of the fixing ring (301). An exhaust check valve (313) is installed at the exhaust end of the air cylinder (306), and an intake check valve (311) is installed at the intake end of the air cylinder (306). A piston rod (315) is elastically installed in the middle of the air cylinder (306) via a compression spring (312). A movable plug (314) is fixedly installed in the middle of one end, and a pusher (309) is installed in the middle of the other end of the piston rod (315). A guide plate (310) is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the air cylinder (306), and the piston rod (315) slides relative to the guide plate (310). An air extraction pipe (305) is provided on the outer surface of the dust collection pipe (303) and near the air inlet check valve (311). One end of the air extraction pipe (305) is connected to the dust collection pipe (303), and the other end of the air extraction pipe (305) is connected to the air inlet end of the air inlet check valve (311).

5. The dry recycling device for waste power lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surface of the cover (100) and located at the position of the drive gear ring (404) are fixedly provided with a circular rail opening (102) for supporting the drive gear ring (404). The drive gear ring (404) is rotatably disposed in the circular rail opening (102). The outer surface of the cover (100) and located at the position of the drive gear (403) are provided with a through opening. The inner surface of the cover (100) and near each lifting inner gear cover (204) are provided with three vertical rail openings (101) arranged in a ring at equal intervals.

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