A method of repairing cracks in a basement floor

Abstract

The application provides a basement floor crack repairing method and relates to the technical field of building, which aims at solving the technical problem of poor basement floor crack repairing effect. The basement floor crack repairing method comprises the following steps: determining a hollow area below the floor according to the position of the crack; opening a groove on the floor, with the groove being located above the hollow area; drilling a grouting hole communicating with the hollow area; laying an automatic repairing device on the groove bottom of the groove and filling the groove with concrete; and filling the hollow area with grout through the grouting hole. The crack repairing method can be applied to cracks caused by various situations of increased and decreased underground water pressure and has good repairing effect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of building, in particular to a crack repairing method for basement floor. BACKGROUND

[0002] Leakage of basement structure is not only a common problem in the extension project, but also in the existing structure. Local failure of the basement anti-floating measure can cause the floor to lift, crack and leak.

[0003] In the related art, the water seepage caused by the water level rising of the basement floor is controlled by using a water pump to pump the underground water at the position prone to seepage near the basement floor into a water collecting well and discharge it, so as to control the hollowing of the floor caused by underground water; the seepage water position can also be knocked, chiseled and grouted, and a drainage groove is laid to solve the leakage, but the crack repairing effect is limited. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a crack repairing method for basement floor to solve the technical problem of poor crack repairing effect of basement floor.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a crack repairing method for basement floor, comprising:

[0007] determining a hollow area below the floor according to the position of the crack;

[0008] opening a groove on the floor, the groove being located above the hollow area;

[0009] drilling a grouting hole communicating with the hollow area;

[0010] laying an automatic repairing device on the groove bottom and filling the groove with concrete;

[0011] filling the hollow area with grout through the grouting hole.

[0012] According to at least one embodiment of the present application, when the groove is opened on the floor and the groove is located above the hollow area, it comprises:

[0013] opening a first groove on the floor and a second groove on the groove bottom of the first groove;

[0014] wherein the orthographic projection of the hollow area on the groove bottom of the first groove is located in the groove bottom of the first groove, and the orthographic projection of the crack on the groove bottom of the second groove is located in the groove bottom of the second groove.

[0015] According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the second groove is U-shaped in cross section, and the second groove is aligned with the horizontal extension of the crack.

[0016] According to at least one embodiment of the present application, when drilling the grouting hole communicating with the hollow area, the method comprises:

[0017] A plurality of grouting holes are drilled in the middle of the bottom of the second groove, and the arrangement direction of the plurality of grouting holes is aligned with the horizontal extension of the crack.

[0018] According to at least one embodiment of the present application, when drilling the grouting hole communicating with the hollow area, the method further comprises:

[0019] A plurality of grouting holes are drilled in the middle of the bottom of the second groove, and the arrangement direction of the plurality of grouting holes is aligned with the horizontal extension of the crack.

[0020] According to at least one embodiment of the present application, when laying the automatic repair device on the bottom of the groove and filling the groove with concrete, the method further comprises:

[0021] The automatic repair device is laid on the bottom of the second groove, and early strength concrete is filled in the second groove.

[0022] According to at least one embodiment of the present application, when laying the automatic repair device on the bottom of the groove and filling the groove with concrete, the method further comprises:

[0023] Fine sand concrete is filled in the first groove.

[0024] According to at least one embodiment of the present application, when filling the hollow area with grout through the grouting hole, the method further comprises:

[0025] The grouting hole is plugged after grouting, and each grouting hole is plugged until all the grouting holes are plugged.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present application further provides an automatic repair system, comprising an automatic repair device, wherein the automatic repair device is used in the repair method of the first aspect.

[0027] According to at least one embodiment of the present application, a controller is further included, and the controller is in communication connection with the automatic repair device.

[0028] According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the automatic repair device comprises two opposite rigid plates and at least one deformation assembly arranged between the two rigid plates, wherein the deformation assembly comprises two opposite supporting members and a deformation member.

[0029] Two ends of the deformation member are fixed at the middle of two supporting members respectively, and two ends of each supporting member are hinged on two rigid plates respectively.

[0030] According to at least one embodiment of the present application, at least one pressure sensor is arranged on the surface of the rigid plate at the bottom towards the hollow area, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the controller.

[0031] According to at least one embodiment of the present application, a heating member is arranged on each deformation member, and the heating member is electrically connected with the controller.

[0032] In one or more technical solutions provided in the exemplary embodiments of the present application, at least one of the following beneficial effects can be achieved.

[0033] The crack repairing method for the basement floor of the exemplary embodiments of the present application can make early determination on the possible hollow area, open a groove on the floor, drill a grouting hole on the groove bottom to communicate with the hollow area, inject grout into the hollow area through the grouting hole for repairing, open four grout outlets at the edge of the hollow area under the basement floor crack, and ensure the grouting compactness of the basement floor crack and the hollow area below.

[0034] After the automatic repairing device is laid on the groove bottom and the groove is filled with concrete, the automatic repairing device can shrink downward or extrude upward according to the pressure change of the underground water, and automatically repair the concrete crack above. Thus, the crack repairing method of the present application can be applied to cracks caused by various situations of the increase and decrease of the underground water pressure, and has remarkable repairing effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present application and together with the general description given above, explain the principles of the application by way of example and illustrate further the application.

[0036] Figure 1 is a sectional view of a crack of a floor according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 is a top view of a groove according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 is a sectional view of a groove according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 4 is a sectional view of a backfill groove according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of an automatic repairing device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 6A is a structural schematic diagram of a floor cracking (water pressure increasing) according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 6B is a structural schematic diagram of an automatic repairing device after contraction according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 7A is a structural schematic diagram of a floor cracking (water pressure decreasing) according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 7B is a structural schematic diagram of an automatic repairing device after expansion according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 8A is a structural schematic diagram of a floor cracking (water pressure uneven distribution) according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 8B is a structural schematic diagram of an automatic repairing device after coordination change according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0047] Reference signs:

[0048] 10, automatic repairing device; 11, rigid plate; 12, support; 13, deformation piece; 14, heating piece; 15, flexible piece; 16, pressure sensor;

[0049] 20, crack; 30, hollow area;

[0050] 41, first groove; 42, second groove;

[0051] 51, grouting hole; 52, grout outlet hole;

[0052] 60, fine sand concrete;

[0053] 70, controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to make the technical problems to be solved by the present application, technical solutions and beneficial effects more clearly understood, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application.

[0055] The formation of the basement floor crack is mainly due to the change of underground water pressure, but the underground water pressure is sometimes reduced and sometimes increased, so that the causes of the concrete floor cracking are different. One of the causes is that the water pressure increases, the lower part of the floor has an upward arching force, which causes the top of the floor to be cracked under tension. And the other cause is that the water pressure decreases, the ground appears local subsidence, and the concrete appears concave to cause cracks.

[0056] In the related art, there are two common repair methods for basement leakage. One is grouting and stopping leakage. The foamed polyurethane material is injected into the concrete gap or crack by a pressure grouting machine. The injected polyurethane foams after encountering water, expands in volume, and thus fills the leakage space to achieve the purpose of stopping leakage. The other is to first stop the clear water with a fast-setting type leakage stopping king dry powder, and then to seal by troweling a certain thickness of mortar. The above two repair methods cannot repair cracks according to the change of the water pressure of the lower part of the floor, and the crack repair effect is limited.

[0057] In view of the above problems, the basement floor crack repair method provided by the example embodiment of the present application uses the way of laying an automatic repair device in a groove, which can adjust the height of the automatic repair device according to the change of the water pressure, so that the crack can be repaired, the repair effect is good, and manual intervention is not necessary, and the degree of automation is high.

[0058] Figure 1 is a sectional view of the crack of the floor according to the embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1 The formation of the basement floor crack is mainly due to the change of underground water pressure, and a hollow area usually appears below the crack.

[0059] Step 100: The crack 20 repair method of the example embodiment of the present application, when the position of the floor crack 20 is found, the position of the entire hollow area 30 below the waterproof layer of the floor can be determined by knocking and other methods according to the development of the crack 20.

[0060] The closed area is drawn according to the position of the hollow area, which is used to excavate the first groove 41.

[0061] Step 200: A groove is opened on the floor, and the groove is located above the hollow area 30.

[0062] A first groove 41 is excavated on the floor above the hollow area 30, wherein the area of the groove bottom of the first groove 41 can cover the entire hollow area 30, that is, the orthographic projection of the hollow area 30 on the groove bottom of the first groove 41 is located in the groove bottom of the first groove 41. The depth of the first groove 41 can be 20mm-80mm, such as 30mm, 40mm, 50mm, 60mm, 70mm, etc.

[0063] A second trench 42 is excavated at the bottom of the first trench 41. The depth of the second trench 42 can be 100mm to 200mm, for example, 130mm, 140mm, 150mm, 160mm, 170mm, 180mm, 190mm, etc. The first trench 41 extends along the horizontal extension of the crack 20, and its cross-section is U-shaped with a width of 150mm to 250mm, for example, 160mm, 170mm, 180mm, 190mm, 200mm, 210mm, 230mm, 240mm, etc.

[0064] The orthographic projection of crack 20 onto the bottom of the second groove 42 lies within the bottom of the second groove 42, meaning the second groove 42 encompasses crack 20, and crack 20 is located at the center of the second groove 42 in the width direction. Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a top view of the excavation trench according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Step 300: Drill grouting holes 51 that connect with the hollow area 30.

[0066] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of an excavation trench according to an embodiment of the present invention. (Combined with...) Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, multiple grouting holes 51 are drilled at the bottom of the second groove 42 along the extension direction of the crack 20. The grouting holes 51 have a diameter of 12 mm, a spacing of 40 mm, and extend to the hollow area 30.

[0067] Multiple slurry outlet holes 52, communicating with the void area 30, are drilled at the bottom of the first trough 41 near the trough wall. The slurry outlet holes 52 are located on the periphery of the second trough 42. For example, when the bottom of the first trough 41 is rectangular, slurry outlet holes 52 are drilled at the four corners of the bottom of the first trough 41.

[0068] Environmentally friendly, fast-curing, multi-functional modified epoxy grout is simultaneously injected into each grouting hole 51. The compactness of the grouting is determined by observing the grout discharge from the other four grout outlet holes 52. Since the compaction occurs at different locations after grouting, the order in which the grout exits from the outlet holes 52 also varies. Thus, the arrangement of the grout outlet holes 52 ensures the compactness of the grouting in the bottom slab crack 20 and the lower hollow area 30.

[0069] It should be noted that the grouting process can be carried out after the automatic repair device 10 is laid in the second trench 42 and the early-strength concrete is filled in, and grouting pipes are embedded in the grouting holes 51. During the grouting process, the grout outlet holes 52 that have already produced grout should be sealed in a timely manner until all grout outlet holes 52 are sealed, which indicates that the hollow area 30 under the bottom plate is grouted densely. Filling the early-strength concrete in the second trench 42 before grouting can better prevent grout leakage compared to drilling the grouting holes 51 directly at the crack 20 position at the bottom of the first trench 41 without opening the second trench 42.

[0070] Step 400: Lay the automatic repair device 10 on the bottom of the tank and fill the tank with concrete.

[0071] It should be noted that this step can be performed before or after step 300.

[0072] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a backfill trench according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, after the grout outlet 52 is sealed, the early-strength concrete in the second trench 42 is level with the bottom of the first trench 41. After grouting, fine sand concrete 60 is filled into the first trench 41. Alternatively, a tear-resistant carbon fiber board can be laid at the bottom of the first trench 41 before filling with fine sand concrete 60. This further suppresses the possibility of hollow areas 30 in the lower part causing the bottom plate to bulge. After filling with fine sand concrete 60, two layers of waterproof coating are applied on top.

[0073] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an automatic repair device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, an exemplary embodiment of the present invention also provides an automatic repair system, including an automatic repair device 10 and a controller 70, wherein the automatic repair device 10 and the controller 70 can be electrically connected or wirelessly connected.

[0074] In some embodiments, the automatic repair device 10 includes two opposing rigid plates 11 and at least one deformable component disposed between the two rigid plates 11. The deformable component includes two opposing support members 12 and a deformable member 13. The two ends of the deformable member 13 are respectively fixed to the middle of the two support members 12, and the two ends of each support member 12 are respectively hinged to the two rigid plates 11.

[0075] In some embodiments, at least one pressure sensor 16 is provided on the surface of the bottom rigid plate 11 facing the hollow area 30, and the pressure sensor 16 is electrically connected to the controller 70.

[0076] In some embodiments, the pressure sensor 16 is arranged on the rigid plate 11, but is directly placed on the bottom of the lower rigid plate 11, and the pressure sensor 16 can be electrically connected or wirelessly communicated with the controller 70.

[0077] Exemplarily, the number of the pressure sensors 16 is the same as that of the deformation assemblies, and each pressure sensor 16 is arranged below a corresponding deformation assembly.

[0078] Exemplarily, the pressure sensor 16 can be a resistance pressure sensor 16, which can be attached to the bottom of the rigid plate 11.

[0079] In some embodiments, each deformation piece 13 is further provided with a heating piece 14, which is electrically connected with the controller 70 or a power supply. For example, a heating element is attached to the upper surface of the deformation piece 13, and the heating element is heated by being powered on, so that the deformation piece 13 is deformed, wherein the material of the deformation piece 13 can be a nickel-based shape memory alloy.

[0080] In actual application, the corresponding end portions of the two rigid plates 11 are further connected by flexible pieces 15 which can be deformed to a certain extent, so that the two rigid plates 11 form a relatively complete whole. One or more deformation assemblies can be arranged between the two rigid plates 11 according to actual repair needs, and two deformation assemblies are taken as an example for introduction in the present application.

[0081] The structures of the deformation assemblies are the same, and the two supporting pieces 12 in the deformation assembly are arranged oppositely or symmetrically, and the middle portions thereof are bent or curved in directions away from each other, for example, the two supporting pieces 12 are arranged in a substantially rhombic shape. The supporting pieces 12 and the deformation piece 13 are both in a plate shape, and the two ends of the deformation piece 13 are connected with the middle portions of the two supporting pieces 12, that is, the deformation piece 13 is arranged between the two supporting pieces 12, for example, the two ends of the deformation piece 13 are connected with the bending points of the supporting pieces 12.

[0082] When the automatic repair device 10 is laid on the second groove 42, the deformation piece 13 needs to be connected with the power supply and the controller 70 on the ground through wires, and the pressure sensor 16 also needs to be connected with the controller 70 through wires or wireless communication, and the controller 70 can be a PLC.

[0083] The PLC can monitor the water pressure under the bottom plate through the pressure sensor 16, and can also control the temperature of the heating piece 14, so as to change the length of the deformation piece 13, and then drive the supporting piece 12 to be lengthened or contracted in the vertical direction, control the distance between the two rigid plates 11, that is, control the height of the entire deformation assembly, and shrink downward or extrude upward to repair the concrete crack 20.

[0084] Specifically, in the PLC, the relationship between the shape memory alloy temperature and the repair degree (force or relative displacement of the crack 20) is programmed, and the upper and lower temperature thresholds of the heating element 14 at the completion of the repair are set according to the relationship, and when the temperature reaches the threshold, the temperature change operation is automatically cancelled. Thus, the controller 70 can monitor the pressure change of the underground water in real time according to the pressure sensor 16, and determine whether the crack 20 repair is needed.

[0085] During the repair process, if the water pressure continues to change or the crack 20 is not effectively repaired, the control system can automatically adjust the response of the deformation element 13 or start an additional repair step. If the crack 20 is large, the automatic repair system continues to increase the change of the deformation element 13. When the temperature of the shape memory alloy of the deformation element 13 reaches the threshold, the temperature change is stopped, and the repair is completed.

[0086] In one embodiment, the automatic repair system automatically repairs the crack 20 of the deformation element 13 during service as follows:

[0087] Step 401: The pressure sensor 16 continuously monitors the water pressure under the floor, and once the water pressure changes, the water pressure data is transmitted to the controller 70 through wireless signal or wired transmission, and the controller 70 determines whether to start the automatic repair device 10.

[0088] Step 402: Set the upper and lower water pressure thresholds in the controller 70, which indicate that the water pressure has reached a level that may cause the floor to crack 20. The controller 70 compares the water pressure data with the set threshold. If the water pressure exceeds the threshold, the repair program is started; if the water pressure is normal, the monitoring continues.

[0089] Step 403: When the water pressure exceeds the set threshold, the controller 70 sends a signal to start the deformation element 13. By changing the temperature of the heating element 14, the shape memory alloy reaches the phase transition point, causing the deformation element 13 to exhibit shape memory effect, at which time the shape memory alloy will shrink or elongate, thereby pushing the concrete floor to change, thereby repairing the crack 20 of the floor.

[0090] Step 404: Once the crack 20 is repaired, the automatic repair system will enter a standby state, and continue to monitor the water pressure change and the floor condition in real time. The automatic repair system needs to be checked and maintained regularly during operation to ensure the long-term stability of the pressure sensor 16 and the shape memory alloy of the deformation element.

[0091] Figure 6A is a schematic view of a floor cracking (water pressure increasing) structure according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6B is a schematic view of the structure of the automatic repair device after contraction according to an embodiment of the present application. Combined with Figure 6A and Figure 6BAs shown in the figure, when the water pressure increases to cause the crack 20 at the top of the bottom plate, the deformation member 13 in the automatic repairing device 10 is elongated, the height of the two deformation assemblies is reduced, the crack 20 is closed after the bottom plate above is settled to a certain extent, and the crack 20 of the bottom plate is repaired.

[0092] Figure 7A Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a bottom plate cracking (water pressure reduction) according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7B Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the automatic repairing device after being deployed according to an embodiment of the present application. In combination with Figure 7A and Figure 7B As shown in the figure, when the water pressure decreases to cause the crack 20 in the middle of the bottom plate, the deformation member 13 in the automatic repairing device 10 is shortened, the height of the two deformation assemblies is increased, the crack 20 is closed after the bottom plate above the deformation assemblies is raised to a certain extent, and the crack 20 of the bottom plate is repaired.

[0093] Figure 8A Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a bottom plate cracking (uneven distribution of water pressure) according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8B Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the automatic repairing device after being cooperatively changed according to an embodiment of the present application. In combination with Figure 8A and Figure 8B As shown in the figure, when the water pressure increases to cause the crack 20 at the left side of the automatic repairing device 10, the deformation member 13 of the left deformation assembly in the automatic repairing device 10 is elongated, the deformation member 13 of the right deformation assembly is shortened, and then the left deformation assembly is lowered as a whole and the right deformation assembly is raised as a whole, under the cooperative action of the two, the bottom plate above the left side of the automatic repairing device 10 is settled, so that the crack 20 is closed, and the crack 20 of the bottom plate is repaired.

[0094] Exemplarily, the shape memory alloy of the deformation member is contracted or elongated at different temperatures, and the preset shape of the shape memory alloy makes it push the concrete bottom plate to restore the shape under the change of temperature.

[0095] The relationship between the temperature and the repairing degree is established according to the deformation formula of the shape memory alloy under the temperature action:

[0096] ΔL=L0ε r ;

[0097] Wherein, L0 is the initial length of the deformation member;

[0098] The phase change recovery strain satisfies: Wherein, T is the current temperature; T f , T s : are the phase change start temperature and the phase change completion temperature respectively, and ε max is the maximum strain.

[0099] The exemplary embodiments of the present application also provide an automatic repairing system comprising the automatic repairing device, and the automatic repairing system is used in the repairing method of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0100] The automatic repairing system has other technical advantages relative to the prior art, which are the same as the advantages of the repairing method, and will not be repeated here.

[0101] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for clearly illustrating the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Based on the above disclosure, other changes or modifications can also be made by those skilled in the art, and these changes or modifications are still within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of repairing cracks in a basement floor, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: According to the position of the crack, determine the hollow area under the floor; Open a groove on the floor, which is above the hollow area; including: opening a first groove on the floor, and opening a second groove at the bottom of the first groove; Wherein, the orthographic projection of the hollow area at the bottom of the first groove is located in the bottom of the first groove, and the orthographic projection of the crack at the bottom of the second groove is located in the bottom of the second groove; Drill a grouting hole communicating with the hollow area; Lay an automatic repair device on the bottom of the groove, and fill the groove with concrete; including: laying an automatic repair device on the bottom of the second groove, and filling the second groove with early strength concrete; Fill the hollow area with grout through the grouting hole; The automatic repair device comprises two oppositely arranged rigid plates and at least one deformation assembly arranged between the two rigid plates; Further comprising a controller, which is in communication connection with the automatic repair device; The deformation assembly comprises two opposite supporting members and a deformation member; the two ends of the deformation member are fixed to the middle parts of the two supporting members, and the two ends of each supporting member are hinged to the two rigid plates; The surface of the rigid plate located at the bottom of the two rigid plates faces the hollow area and is further provided with at least one pressure sensor, which is in electrical connection with the controller; Each deformation member is further provided with a heating member, which is in electrical connection with the controller or power supply; The two supporting members in the deformation assembly are oppositely or symmetrically arranged, and the middle parts thereof are bent or curved in directions away from each other.

2. The repair method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross section of the second groove is U-shaped, and the second groove is consistent with the extension direction of the crack in the horizontal plane.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, When drilling the grouting hole communicating with the hollow area, the method comprises the following steps: Drill a plurality of grouting holes at the middle position of the bottom of the second groove, and the arrangement direction of the plurality of grouting holes is consistent with the extension direction of the crack in the horizontal plane.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, When drilling the grouting hole communicating with the hollow area, the repair method further comprises: Drill a plurality of grouting holes communicating with the hollow area at the position close to the groove wall of the bottom of the first groove, and the grouting holes are located at the periphery of the second groove.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, When laying the automatic repair device on the bottom of the groove and filling the groove with concrete, further comprising: Fill the first groove with fine sand concrete.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, When filling the hollow area with grout through the grouting hole, comprising: Plugging the grouting hole after grouting, until each grouting hole is plugged.

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