A Tri-State Reconfiguration Method Based on a Multifunctional Planar Inverted-F Water Antenna

Abstract

The present invention discloses a three-state reconfiguration method based on a multifunctional planar inverted-F water antenna, which includes a cylindrical water container and a rectangular water container that are interconnected on a ground plane. A short circuit line is welded on the ground plane, and both the upper and lower ends of the short circuit line are copper-clad. Moreover, a copper foil tape is adhered between the copper-clad parts at the upper and lower ends of the short circuit line, and the top end of the short circuit line penetrates into the rectangular water container; a feeding structure is also provided at the bottom end of the cylindrical water container; when the cylindrical water container is filled with water, the water antenna is a monopole antenna. Continuing to fill water and filling the rectangular water container with water, the type of the water antenna becomes an inverted-F antenna; by peeling off the copper foil tape to separate the short circuit line from the water container, the type of the water antenna becomes an inverted-L antenna; the present invention has the advantages that it can realize the conversion of three different types of antennas, namely monopole antenna, inverted-F antenna and inverted-L antenna, and also realizes frequency reconfiguration and pattern reconfiguration, effectively improving the antenna reuse rate, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water antennas, and specifically to a three-state reconstruction method based on a multi-functional planar inverted-F water antenna. Background Technique

[0002] Compared with traditional antennas, water antennas designed based on the characteristics of water not only have low cost and convenient access, but also have the characteristics of concealment and emergency response, and have been very popular in recent years; water is easier to be processed into any shape than general dielectrics and metals. Therefore, due to its unique advantages, water antenna technology has great potential in various fields such as communication; with the development of current communication technology, the requirements for antennas are also getting higher and higher. However, traditional water antennas are usually designed for specific communication frequency bands, application scenarios or working modes, and have limitations such as fixed frequency bands and single functions. Moreover, once the antenna structure is designed and manufactured, it cannot be changed, and its working characteristics cannot be changed either, making it difficult to adapt to the increasingly complex and changeable requirements in modern communication systems;

[0003] Patent Publication No. CN114843759B discloses a monopole water antenna, which includes a coaxial cable, a metal bottom plate, a base, a first water tank, a second water tank and four arc-shaped water arms. By injecting water into the two water tanks, omnidirectional radiation can be achieved in two working frequency bands; however, since this water antenna cannot change the structure, function and other characteristics of the antenna in real time according to the needs of the actual working environment, there are problems such as being unable to more flexibly select frequency bands and match corresponding radiation patterns according to scene requirements, which greatly limits the application of water antennas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide a three-state reconstruction method based on a multi-functional planar inverted-F water antenna, which can realize the conversion of three different types of antennas, namely monopole antenna, inverted-F antenna and inverted-L antenna. It can also realize frequency reconfiguration and pattern reconfiguration. The antenna can more flexibly select frequency bands and match corresponding radiation patterns according to scene requirements, effectively improving the multiplexing rate of the antenna. The water antenna has a simple structure and convenient reconstruction operation, and can effectively solve the problems in the background technique.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A three-state reconstruction method based on a multi-functional planar inverted-F water antenna. The multi-functional planar inverted-F water antenna includes a cylindrical water container and a rectangular water container provided on a grounding plane. A dielectric base is provided between the cylindrical water container and the grounding plane; the rectangular water container is arranged at the top of the cylindrical water container and is in communication with it; a short circuit line is welded on the grounding plane, and both the upper and lower ends of the short circuit line are copper-clad, and a copper foil tape is adhered between the copper-clad parts at the upper and lower ends of the short circuit line. The top of the short circuit line penetrates into the rectangular water container; a feeding structure is also provided on the grounding plane at the position corresponding to the cylindrical water container; the specific antenna reconstruction method is as follows:

[0006] Inject water into the cylindrical water container through the water injection port of the rectangular water container and fill the cylindrical water container with water. At this time, the type of this water antenna is a monopole antenna, which is the first working state of the water antenna. Since the copper foil tape is attached to the short circuit line, the short circuit line can be used as the reflector of the monopole antenna, enhancing the directivity of the monopole antenna; the radiation direction of the water antenna at this time presents a dual-beam radiation;

[0007] Continue to inject water through the water injection port of the rectangular water container and fill the rectangular water container with water. At this time, the type of the water antenna becomes an inverted-F antenna, which is the second working state of the water antenna. At this time, compared with the monopole antenna, the inverted-F antenna has an additional water patch, the length of the antenna increases, and the working frequency band will shift to the low frequency, realizing frequency reconstruction; the radiation direction of the water antenna at this time presents multi-beam radiation;

[0008] By peeling off the copper foil tape, the short circuit line is separated from the water container. At this time, the type of the water antenna becomes an inverted-L antenna, which is the third working state of the water antenna, and frequency reconstruction is realized again; the radiation direction of the water antenna at this time becomes wide-angle directional radiation.

[0009] Further, the feeding structure includes an SMA connector coaxially arranged with the cylindrical water container. The SMA connector is fixed on the grounding plane, and the probe of the SMA connector penetrates through the grounding plane and the dielectric base and extends into the cylindrical water container, and a metal disc is welded to the top of the probe.

[0010] Further, the dielectric base is a Teflon gasket.

[0011] Further, the short circuit line is a FR4 dielectric board, and the thickness of the short circuit line is 1 mm.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The tri-state reconfiguration method based on the multi-functional planar inverted-F water antenna can realize the conversion of three different types of antennas, namely monopole antenna, inverted-F antenna, and inverted-L antenna, by adjusting the water content in the container and the existence state of the short circuit line. It can also achieve frequency reconfiguration and pattern reconfiguration, while maintaining the broadband characteristic. At the same time, the operating frequency band of the water antenna also switches between 1.95 GHz in the monopole antenna state, 1.35 GHz in the inverted-F antenna state, and 2.05 GHz in the inverted-L antenna state. This collaborative characteristic enables the antenna to more flexibly select the frequency band and match the corresponding radiation pattern according to the scene requirements, thus effectively improving the multiplexing rate of the antenna. The water antenna has a simple structure and convenient reconfiguration operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 Is a perspective view of the pouring water antenna of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 Is a cross-sectional view of the water antenna of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 Is a schematic structural diagram of the first working state of the water antenna of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 For the first working state of the water antenna of the present invention | S 11 | Measurement and simulation result diagram;

[0017] Figure 5 Is a measurement and simulation result diagram of the gain of the water antenna of the present invention in the first working state;

[0018] Figure 6 Is the radiation pattern of the measurement and simulation results of the XOY plane of the water antenna of the present invention in the first working state;

[0019] Figure 7 Is the radiation pattern of the measurement and simulation results of the YOZ plane of the water antenna of the present invention in the first working state;

[0020] Figure 8 Is a schematic structural diagram of the second working state of the water antenna of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 9 For the second working state of the water antenna of the present invention | S 11 | Measurement and simulation result diagram;

[0022] Figure 10 Is a measurement and simulation result diagram of the gain (Gain) of the water antenna of the present invention in the second working state;

[0023] Figure 11 This is the radiation pattern of the XOY plane for the measurement and simulation results of the second working state of the water antenna of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 12 This is the radiation pattern of the YOZ plane for the measurement and simulation results of the second working state of the water antenna of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 13 This is the schematic structural diagram of the third working state of the water antenna of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 14 This is for the third working state of the water antenna of the present invention | S 11 | Measurement and simulation result diagram;

[0027] Figure 15 This is the measurement and simulation result diagram of the gain of the water antenna of the present invention in the third working state;

[0028] Figure 16 This is the radiation pattern of the XOY plane for the measurement and simulation results of the third working state of the water antenna of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 17 This is the radiation pattern of the YOZ plane for the measurement and simulation results of the third working state of the water antenna of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1. Rectangular water container; 2. Cylindrical water container; 3. Dielectric base; 4. Ground plane; 5. Short circuit line; 6. Copper foil tape; 7. Feeding structure; 71. SMA connector; 72. Probe; 73. Metal disc. Specific embodiments

[0031] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiment

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1-2, the present invention provides a technical solution: a three-state reconstruction method based on a multi-functional planar inverted-F water antenna. The multi-functional planar inverted-F water antenna includes a cylindrical water container 2 and a rectangular water container 1 provided on a ground plane 4. A dielectric base 3 is provided between the cylindrical water container 2 and the ground plane 4. The dielectric base 3 is a Teflon gasket, which can not only prevent the short circuit caused by the leakage of water in the container, but also improve the bandwidth of the antenna. The rectangular water container 1 is arranged at the top of the cylindrical water container 2 and is communicated with it. A short circuit line 5 is welded on the ground plane 4. Both the upper and lower ends of the short circuit line 5 are copper-clad, and a copper foil tape 6 is bonded between the copper-clad parts at the upper and lower ends of the short circuit line 5. The top end of the short circuit line 5 penetrates into the rectangular water container 1. The short circuit line 5 is a FR4 dielectric board with a thickness of 1 mm. A feeding structure 7 is also provided on the ground plane 4 at the position corresponding to the cylindrical water container 2. The feeding structure 7 includes an SMA connector 71 coaxially arranged with the cylindrical water container 2. The SMA connector 71 is fixed on the ground plane 4, and the probe 72 of the SMA connector 71 penetrates through the ground plane 4 and the dielectric base 3 and extends into the cylindrical water container 2, and a metal disc 73 is welded to the top end of the probe 72. The specific antenna reconstruction method is as follows:

[0033] Please refer to Figure 3 , fill the cylindrical water container 2 with water through the water injection port of the rectangular water container 1 until the cylindrical water container 2 is full of water. At this time, the type of this water antenna is a monopole antenna, which is the first working state of the water antenna. Since the copper foil tape 6 is attached to the short circuit line 5, the short circuit line 5 can be used as the reflecting surface of the monopole antenna, enhancing the directivity of the monopole antenna.

[0034] S parameters are important parameters characterizing the performance of the antenna, where S 11 is used to characterize the impedance matching state of the antenna, that is, whether the antenna works normally. Generally S 11 below -10 dB is considered that the antenna has a good matching state. When analyzing the S parameters, it is always necessary to first observe | S 11 | to see if the antenna works normally; please refer to Figure 4 the measurement and simulation results of the water antenna in the first working state shown in S 11 |. At this time, it can be seen that when | S 11 |<10 dB, its operating frequency is 1.75 GHz - 2.66 GHz; please refer to Figure 5 the measurement and simulation results of the two-dimensional gain (Gain) of the water antenna in the first working state shown in Figure 6-7The simulated and measured radiation patterns of the first operating state of the water antenna at a frequency of 1.95 GHz are shown. The radiation pattern of the water antenna exhibits dual-beam radiation in the horizontal plane (XOY plane), with a maximum gain of 3.9 dBi.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 8 , based on the first operating state of the water antenna, continue to fill water through the water injection port of the rectangular water container 1 until the rectangular water container 1 is filled with water. At this time, the type of the water antenna becomes an inverted-F antenna, which is the second operating state of the water antenna. At this time, the inverted-F antenna has an additional water patch compared to the monopole antenna, the length of the antenna increases, and the operating frequency band will shift to a lower frequency, achieving frequency reconfiguration; it can be seen that by adjusting the water volume in the container, the type of the antenna can be changed to achieve the characteristic of frequency reconfigurability;

[0036] Please refer to Figure 9 Under the second operating state of the water antenna | S 11 | The measurement and simulation results show that when | S 11 | < -10 dB, its operating frequency is 1.15 GHz - 1.82 GHz; please refer to Figure 10 The measured and simulated results of the two-dimensional gain (Gain) of the second operating state of the water antenna shown. The maximum gain in the inverted-F antenna state is 2.9 dBi; please refer to Figure 11-12 The simulated and measured radiation patterns of the second operating state of the water antenna at a frequency of 1.35 GHz. The main lobe direction shifts towards the vertical plane (XOZ plane), and the radiation pattern exhibits a multi-beam radiation state, with the maximum gain reduced to 2 dBi.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 13 , based on the second operating state of the water antenna, by peeling off the copper foil tape 6, the short circuit line 5 is separated from the water container. At this time, the type of the water antenna becomes an inverted-L antenna, which is the third operating state of the water antenna, achieving frequency reconfiguration again, and this process can be reset by re-pasting the copper foil tape 6. Its working principle is similar to that of a common inverted-L antenna;

[0038] Please refer to Figure 14 The measurement and simulation results of the third operating state of the water antenna shown | S 11 | show that when | S 11 | < -10 dB, its operating frequency is 1.33 GHz - 2.35 GHz; please refer to Figure 15Measurement and simulation results of the two-dimensional gain (Gain) in the third operating state of the water antenna shown. The maximum gain in the inverted L antenna state is 4.1 dBi; please refer to Figure 16-17 Simulation and measured radiation patterns of the third operating state of the water antenna shown at a frequency of 2.04 GHz. The radiation pattern becomes wide-angle directional radiation in the vertical plane (XOZ plane), and the maximum gain is further increased to 3.1 dBi.

[0039] The maximum gain in the monopole antenna state is 4.7 dBi, the maximum gain in the inverted F antenna state is 2.9 dBi, and the maximum gain in the inverted L antenna state is 4.1 dBi. The water antenna maintains a high gain within the available frequency bands in the three operating states;

[0040] The three-state reconstruction method based on the multifunctional planar inverted F-type water antenna disclosed in this embodiment can realize the conversion of three different types of antennas, namely monopole antenna, inverted F antenna, and inverted L antenna, by adjusting the water content in the container and the presence state of the short circuit line 5. It can also achieve frequency reconfiguration and radiation pattern reconfiguration, and maintain the broadband characteristic while realizing the above characteristics. At the same time, the operating frequency band of the water antenna also switches between 1.95 GHz in the monopole antenna state, 1.35 GHz in the inverted F antenna state, and 2.05 GHz in the inverted L antenna state. This collaborative characteristic enables the antenna to more flexibly select the frequency band and match the corresponding radiation pattern according to the scene requirements, thus effectively improving the antenna multiplexing rate.

[0041] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A three-state reconstruction method based on a multifunctional planar inverted F-shaped water antenna, the multifunctional planar inverted F-shaped water antenna comprising a cylindrical water container and a rectangular water container provided on a ground plane, characterized in that: A dielectric base is provided between the cylindrical water container and the ground plane; a rectangular water container is arranged at the top of the cylindrical water container and is connected with the cylindrical water container; a short circuit line is welded on the ground plane, and both upper and lower ends of the short circuit line are copper-clad, and copper foil tape is bonded between the copper-clad parts at the upper and lower ends of the short circuit line, and the top of the short circuit line penetrates into the rectangular water container; a feeding structure is also provided on the ground plane at a position corresponding to the cylindrical water container; the specific antenna reconstruction method is as follows: Water is poured into the cylindrical water container through the water inlet of the rectangular water container, and the cylindrical water container is filled with water. At this time, the water antenna type is a monopole antenna, which is the first working state of the water antenna. Since the copper foil tape is attached to the short-circuit line, the short-circuit line can be used as a reflection surface of the monopole antenna, thereby enhancing the directivity of the monopole antenna. At this time, the radiation direction of the water antenna presents dual-beam radiation. Continue to inject water through the water inlet of the rectangular water container and fill the rectangular water container with water. At this time, the type of the water antenna changes to an inverted F antenna, which is the second working state of the water antenna. At this time, the inverted F antenna has an additional water patch compared to the monopole antenna. The length of the antenna increases, and the working frequency band moves to a low frequency, realizing frequency reconstruction. At this time, the radiation direction of the water antenna presents multi-beam radiation. By peeling off the copper foil tape, the short-circuit line is separated from the water container. At this time, the type of the water antenna becomes an inverted L antenna, which is the third working state of the water antenna, and frequency reconstruction is achieved again. At this time, the radiation direction of the water antenna becomes wide-angle directional radiation.

2. A three-state reconstruction method based on a multifunctional planar inverted F-type water antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding structure includes an SMA connector coaxially arranged with the cylindrical water container, the SMA connector is fixed on a ground plane, and a probe of the SMA connector penetrates the ground plane and the dielectric base and extends into the cylindrical water container, and a metal disc is welded to the top of the probe.

3. The three-state reconstruction method based on the multifunctional planar inverted F-type water antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The medium base is a Teflon gasket.

4. The three-state reconstruction method based on the multifunctional planar inverted F-type water antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The short-circuit line is a FR4 dielectric board, and the thickness of the short-circuit line is 1 mm.

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