Cold and hot machining and water and fire correction method for ship aluminum alloy workpiece

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ship aluminum alloy workpieces, and relates to a cold and hot machining and water and fire straightening method for ship aluminum alloy workpieces. The machined plate is bent on a roll bending machine, the thickness of the machined plate is larger than 10 mm, the bending machining radius is larger than 50 mm, and direct cold machining is conducted; the thickness of the machined plate is smaller than or equal to 10 mm, the bending machining radius is smaller than or equal to 50 mm, and machining is conducted after the machined plate is preheated to 150-200 DEG C; a nozzle of the flame gun is close to the plate to be machined, the part to be machined is heated and cooled, the heating temperature of the flame gun ranges from 160 DEG C to 200 DEG C, and the temperature of a cooling medium ranges from 30 DEG C to 60 DEG C; and during heating and cooling, the distance between the flame gun and the cooling medium is 30-50 mm. According to the cold and hot machining and water and fire correction method for the ship aluminum alloy workpiece, through control over the ship aluminum alloy raw material machining link and the post-welding link of the ship aluminum alloy workpiece, the machining quality of the ship aluminum alloy workpiece and the correction quality of the ship after welding are improved, and the overall quality of the ship is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ship aluminum alloy workpieces, and more specifically, relates to a method for cold and hot processing and water and fire correction of ship aluminum alloy workpieces. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern shipping and shipbuilding industries, the weight requirements for ships are increasing. The weight of a ship not only affects the stability of the hull, but also affects the dynamic performance of the hull. Aluminum alloy is widely used in the shipbuilding industry as a material with similar strength to steel plates but light weight and corrosion resistance. However, there is currently no effective process for processing aluminum alloy materials, resulting in insufficient precision after workpiece processing and welding, affecting the overall quality.

[0003] In the prior art, there is a technology named "A new type of nonlinear aging treatment for Al-Mg alloys that can be hardened by aging", and the publication (announcement) number is "", which discloses a new type of nonlinear heating aging heat treatment method for Al-Mg alloys that can be hardened by aging, and belongs to the field of aluminum alloy heat treatment technology. For the new type of Al-Mg alloy that can be hardened by aging, after solution treatment and insulation cooling, two-stage aging treatment is carried out; in the first stage, the temperature is increased from room temperature to 100-180°C at a heating rate of 1-20°C / h, and in the second stage, the temperature is increased from 100-180°C to 240°C at a heating rate of 10-50°C / h, and different optimization schemes are obtained; the heating rate and aging temperature of the aging treatment are reasonably controlled through the nonlinear heating aging heat treatment process, and multi-scale and multi-type nano-strengthening phases are obtained, and finally a workpiece with excellent mechanical properties is obtained, which is put into use in actual production, and can meet the needs of high-performance aluminum alloy heat treatment processes in fields such as shipbuilding. However, this technology does not involve the technical problems and technical solutions of the present application. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, a method for cold and hot processing and water and fire correction of ship aluminum alloy workpieces is provided, which has simple steps and can effectively improve the processing quality of ship aluminum alloy workpieces and the correction quality after ship welding, thereby improving the overall quality of ship construction.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] The present invention is a method for hot and cold processing and water and fire correction of a ship aluminum alloy workpiece, which is characterized by comprising a hot and cold processing step and a water and fire correction step of the aluminum alloy workpiece, wherein the hot and cold processing step is:

[0007] S1. Cold processing of aluminum alloy workpieces: The processed plate is bent on a roll bending machine. If the plate thickness is greater than 10mm and the bending radius is greater than 50mm, it is directly cold processed; if the plate thickness is ≤10mm and the bending radius is ≤50mm, it is preheated to 150℃~200℃ before processing;

[0008] S2. Hot processing of aluminum alloy workpieces: The flame gun nozzle is close to the plate to be processed, and the processing part is heated by the high temperature of the flame gun while the processing part is cooled by the cooling medium. The heating temperature of the flame gun is between 160℃ and 200℃, and the temperature of the cooling medium is between 30℃ and 60℃.

[0009] S3. During heating and cooling, the distance between the flame gun and the cooling medium is 30mm to 50mm;

[0010] S4. After the hot and cold processing, the aluminum alloy workpiece is formed;

[0011] The steps for water and fire correction are:

[0012] S1. Welding the aluminum alloy workpiece after cold and hot processing to the ship;

[0013] S2. The correction operation is performed symmetrically to the midline plane and the neutral axis of the section of the component; in the height direction, it is performed from bottom to top; when correcting two adjacent structures with different rigidity, the structure with greater rigidity is corrected first, that is, the structure with greater thickness or component cross-section is corrected first; when correcting a plate-frame structure, the deformation of the frame is corrected first, and then the deformation of the wall panel;

[0014] S3. Before the three-dimensional segment is removed from the tire after turning over, the upper end (lower end after turning over) shall be straightened first; before correcting the internal structure, the deformation of the deck and bottom plate shall be corrected first; when correcting the deformation of the outer plate, the heating area and heating times of the part below the full load waterline shall be reduced; when knocking during the correction process, a wooden hammer shall be used, and the hammering speed shall be reduced as the temperature decreases, and the knocking position shall move from the outer edge of the heating area to the center of the heating area.

[0015] During hot and cold processing, the distance between the nozzle of the flame gun and the surface of the processed plate is between 10 and 15 mm; the moving speed of the flame gun is 1500 / min to 2500 mm / min.

[0016] During hot and cold processing, the processed plate is allowed to be heated once along the same trajectory.

[0017] During hot and cold processing, heating is carried out along the heating trajectory from the two ends of the processed plate in the length direction to the middle position in the length direction.

[0018] According to the required curvature of the processed plate, after the processed plate is heated once, use a sample to check the linear fit; use a wooden hammer to level the uneven parts of the processed plate, and then heat it for the second time. The trajectory line of the second heating does not overlap with the trajectory line of the first heating.

[0019] During water-fire straightening, the part to be processed is heated by the high temperature of the flame gun while being cooled by the cooling medium.

[0020] During water and fire straightening, for aluminum alloy workpiece plates >15mm, the heating temperature of the linear part is ≤175℃, and the heating temperature of the round spot is ≤250℃; for aluminum alloy workpiece plates 8-15mm, the heating temperature of the linear part is ≤175℃, and the heating temperature of the round spot is controlled below 225℃.

[0021] During water and fire correction, the shapes of heating points include: strip heating, round spot heating, and triangular heating; linear heating: suitable for plate frame structure, directly heating on both sides of the back of the skeleton, and the heating line width b = 10~20mm; round spot heating: gradually move from the area with smaller deformation to the area with larger deformation; the area with larger deformation is heated for the first time and the second time, and the second heating of the area with larger deformation is carried out after the first heating area cools down, and the heating cannot be repeated on the same trajectory line; the heating diameter of the round spot heating is d = 4t+10mm and is not greater than Ф50, and the minimum distance between the origins of the round spot heating is 100~200mm; triangular heating: suitable for correcting the bending deformation of T-shaped components, and for correcting the segmented free edges; the heating area is applied to one side of the curved protrusion, from both ends to the middle, and the starting point of the triangular heating starts from the vertex.

[0022] After hot and cold processing, the acceptance tolerance of the processed workpiece is:

[0023] Round body: diameter d, deviation: And the maximum deviation is ±5.0mm;

[0024]

[0025] For single curved plate, the straightness of the triangular sample inspection line should be ≤2.5mm, and the gap between the curved surface and the sample should be ≤2.5mm.

[0026] For double-bent plates, the straightness deviation of the triangular sample test line is ≤2.5mm, the gap between the rib direction and the sample is ≤3.0, the gap between the length direction and the sample is ≤3.0mm, and the wrinkle deviation of the plate edge within each rib distance is ≤2.0mm.

[0027] During hot and cold processing, the bending deviation of the profile, the angle deviation A is: The maximum deviation is ±3.0mm; local bending deviation, ±1.0mm, bending deviation, ±1.0mm.

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention is adopted, and the working principle and beneficial effects are as follows:

[0029] The method for cold and hot processing and water and fire correction of a ship aluminum alloy workpiece of the present invention is as follows: BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The following is a brief description of the contents and symbols in the drawings of this specification:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the deviation structure of the cylindrical body formed by the ship aluminum alloy workpiece according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the deviation structure of the cylindrical body formed by the ship aluminum alloy workpiece according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bending deviation structure of the ship aluminum alloy workpiece forming profile of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bending deviation structure of the ship aluminum alloy workpiece forming profile of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following is a further detailed description of the specific implementation of the present invention, such as the shape, structure, mutual position and connection relationship between the various components involved, the function and working principle of each part, etc., through the description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0036] As attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 4 As shown, the present invention is a method for cold and hot processing and water and fire correction of a ship aluminum alloy workpiece, which is characterized by comprising a cold and hot processing step of the aluminum alloy workpiece and a water and fire correction step. The processing steps of the cold and hot processing method of the ship aluminum alloy workpiece are:

[0037] S1. Cold processing of aluminum alloy workpieces: the processed plate is bent on a roll bending machine. If the plate thickness is greater than 10mm and the bending radius is greater than 50mm, it is directly cold processed; if the plate thickness is ≤10mm and the bending radius is ≤50mm, it is preheated to 150℃~200℃ before processing; S2. Hot processing of aluminum alloy workpieces: the flame gun nozzle is close to the processed plate, and the high temperature of the flame gun is used to heat the processing part, and the cooling medium is used to cool the processing part. The heating temperature of the flame gun is between 160℃~200℃, and the temperature of the cooling medium is between 30℃~60℃; S3. When heating and cooling, the distance between the flame gun and the cooling medium is 30mm~50mm; S4. After the hot and cold processing is completed, the aluminum alloy workpiece is formed. The above steps are aimed at the process of processing aluminum alloy raw materials into ship aluminum alloy workpieces. Through the improvement and control of the processing technology, the processing accuracy is improved to meet the quality requirements.

[0038] The steps of the hot and cold water and fire correction method for ship aluminum alloy workpieces are as follows:

[0039] S1. Weld the aluminum alloy workpiece after hot and cold processing to the ship; S2. The correction operation is carried out symmetrically to the centerline plane and the neutral axis of the section of the component; in the height direction, it is carried out from bottom to top; when correcting two adjacent structures with different rigidity, correct the structure with greater rigidity first, that is, correct the structure with greater thickness or component section first; when correcting the plate frame structure, first correct the deformation of the frame material, and then correct the deformation of the wall plate; S3. Before the three-dimensional segmented structure is separated from the tire, first straighten the upper mouth (lower mouth after turning over); before correcting the internal structure, first correct the deformation of the deck and bottom plate; when correcting the deformation of the outer plate, reduce the heating area and heating times below the full load waterline; when knocking during the correction process, use a wooden hammer, the hammering speed slows down as the temperature decreases, and the knocking position moves from the outer edge of the heating zone to the center of the heating zone. The above steps are aimed at the process link after the aluminum alloy workpiece of the ship is welded to the corresponding part of the ship. Through the improvement and control of the correction process, the welding accuracy of the aluminum alloy workpiece is improved to meet the overall quality requirements of the ship. The method for cold and hot processing and water and fire correction of ship aluminum alloy workpieces described in the present invention improves the processing quality of ship aluminum alloy workpieces and the correction quality after ship welding by controlling the ship aluminum alloy raw material processing link and the ship aluminum alloy workpiece post-welding link, thereby improving the overall quality of the ship.

[0040] Before cold processing of the aluminum alloy workpiece: To prevent cracks from appearing at the ends of the plate during rolling, remove burrs and debris from the ends of the plate before bending. Before bending the plate on the roll bending machine, check the integrity of the processing equipment and the joint transition should be smooth.

[0041] During hot and cold processing, the workpiece to be processed needs to be placed on the pyrotechnic platform, with sleepers underneath and appropriate pressure iron in the middle of the plate. During hot and cold processing, the distance between the nozzle of the flame gun and the surface of the processed plate is between 10 and 15 mm; the moving speed of the flame gun is 1500 / min to 2500mm / min. During hot and cold processing, the same track of the processed plate is allowed to be heated once. During hot and cold processing, heating is carried out along the heating track line from the two ends of the length direction of the processed plate to the middle position of the length direction.

[0042] According to the required curvature of the processed plate, after the processed plate is heated once, use a sample to check the linear fit; use a wooden hammer to level the uneven parts of the processed plate, and then heat it for the second time. The trajectory line of the second heating does not overlap with the trajectory line of the first heating.

[0043] During water-fire straightening, the processing part is heated by the high temperature of the flame gun while the processing part is cooled by the cooling medium. During water-fire straightening, for aluminum alloy workpieces > 15mm, the heating temperature of the linear part is ≤175℃, and the heating temperature of the round spot is ≤250℃; for aluminum alloy workpieces 8-15mm, the heating temperature of the linear part is ≤175℃, and the heating temperature of the round spot is controlled below 225℃. During water and fire correction, the shapes of heating points include: strip heating, round spot heating, and triangular heating; linear heating: suitable for plate frame structure, directly heating on both sides of the back of the skeleton, heating line width b = 10 ~ 20mm; round spot heating: gradually move from the area with smaller deformation to the area with larger deformation; the area with larger deformation is heated for the first and second time, and the second heating of the area with larger deformation is carried out after the first heating area cools down, and heating cannot be repeated on the same trajectory line; the heating diameter of the round spot heating is d = 4t + 10mm and is not greater than Ф50, and the minimum distance between the origins of the round spot heating is 100 ~ 200mm; triangular heating: suitable for correcting the bending deformation of T-shaped components, and for correcting the segmented free edge; the heating area is applied to the side of the bending convexity, from both ends to the middle, and the starting point of the triangular heating starts from the vertex. The structure after water and fire correction has a smooth surface, and there should be no unevenness or residual local unevenness and obvious hammer marks at the knocking point.

[0044] After hot and cold processing, the acceptance tolerance of the processed workpiece is:

[0045] Round body: diameter d, deviation: And the maximum deviation is ±5.0mm;

[0046]

[0047] Please write: ι represents the meaning of: processing plate length (see Figure 2 (in Chinese).

[0048] For single curved plate, the straightness of the triangular sample inspection line should be ≤2.5mm, and the gap between the curved surface and the sample should be ≤2.5mm.

[0049] For double-bent plates, the straightness deviation of the triangular sample test line is ≤2.5mm, the gap between the rib direction and the sample is ≤3.0, the gap between the length direction and the sample is ≤3.0mm, and the wrinkle deviation of the plate edge within each rib distance is ≤2.0mm.

[0050] During hot and cold processing, the bending deviation of the profile, the angle deviation A is: The maximum deviation is ±3.0mm; local bending deviation, ±1.0mm, bending deviation, ±1.0mm.

[0051] Figure 2 Where δ represents the deviation distance of the center line, and l is the length of the processed plate.

[0052] The present invention is described above by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned method. As long as various improvements are made using the method concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the concept and technical solution of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for hot and cold processing and water and fire correction of ship aluminum alloy workpieces, characterized in that: It includes the steps of hot and cold processing and water and fire correction of aluminum alloy workpieces. The hot and cold processing steps are: S1. Cold processing of aluminum alloy workpieces: The processed plate is bent on a roll bending machine. If the plate thickness is greater than 10mm and the bending radius is greater than 50mm, it is directly cold processed; if the plate thickness is ≤10mm and the bending radius is ≤50mm, it is preheated to 150℃~200℃ before processing; S2. Hot processing of aluminum alloy workpieces: The flame gun nozzle is close to the plate to be processed, and the processing part is heated by the high temperature of the flame gun while the processing part is cooled by the cooling medium. The heating temperature of the flame gun is between 160℃ and 200℃, and the temperature of the cooling medium is between 30℃ and 60℃. S3. During heating and cooling, the distance between the flame gun and the cooling medium is 30mm to 50mm; S4. After the hot and cold processing, the aluminum alloy workpiece is formed; The steps for water and fire correction are: S1. Welding the aluminum alloy workpiece after cold and hot processing to the ship; S2. The correction operation is performed symmetrically to the midline plane and the neutral axis of the section of the component; in the height direction, it is performed from bottom to top; when correcting two adjacent structures with different rigidity, the structure with greater rigidity is corrected first, that is, the structure with greater thickness or component cross-section is corrected first; when correcting a plate-frame structure, the deformation of the frame is corrected first, and then the deformation of the wall panel; S3. Before the three-dimensional segment is removed from the tire after turning over, the upper end (lower end after turning over) shall be straightened first; before correcting the internal structure, the deformation of the deck and bottom plate shall be corrected first; when correcting the deformation of the outer plate, the heating area and heating times of the part below the full load waterline shall be reduced; when knocking during the correction process, a wooden hammer shall be used, and the hammering speed shall be reduced as the temperature decreases, and the knocking position shall move from the outer edge of the heating area to the center of the heating area.

2. The method for cold and hot processing and water and fire correction of ship aluminum alloy workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: During hot and cold processing, the distance between the nozzle of the flame gun and the surface of the processed plate is between 10 and 15 mm; the moving speed of the flame gun is 1500 / min to 2500 mm / min.

3. The method for cold and hot processing and water and fire correction of ship aluminum alloy workpieces according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: During hot and cold processing, the processed plate is allowed to be heated once along the same trajectory.

4. The method for cold and hot processing and water and fire correction of ship aluminum alloy workpieces according to claim 3 is characterized in that: During hot and cold processing, heating is carried out along the heating trajectory line from the two ends of the processed plate in the length direction to the middle position in the length direction.

5. The method for cold and hot processing and water and fire correction of ship aluminum alloy workpieces according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: According to the required curvature of the processed plate, after the processed plate is heated once, use a sample to check the linear fit; use a wooden hammer to level the uneven parts of the processed plate, and then heat it for the second time. The trajectory line of the second heating does not overlap with the trajectory line of the first heating.

6. The method for cold and hot processing and water and fire correction of ship aluminum alloy workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: During water-fire straightening, the part to be processed is heated by the high temperature of the flame gun while being cooled by the cooling medium.

7. The method for cold and hot processing and water and fire correction of a ship aluminum alloy workpiece according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: During water and fire straightening, for aluminum alloy workpiece plates >15mm, the heating temperature of the linear part is ≤175℃, and the heating temperature of the round spot is ≤250℃; for aluminum alloy workpiece plates 8-15mm, the heating temperature of the linear part is ≤175℃, and the heating temperature of the round spot is controlled below 225℃.

8. The method for cold and hot processing and water and fire correction of ship aluminum alloy workpieces according to claim 7, characterized in that: During water and fire correction, the shapes of heating points include: strip heating, round spot heating, and triangular heating; linear heating: suitable for plate frame structure, directly heating on both sides of the back of the skeleton, and the heating line width b = 10~20mm; round spot heating: gradually move from the area with smaller deformation to the area with larger deformation; the area with larger deformation is heated for the first time and the second time, and the second heating of the area with larger deformation is carried out after the first heating area cools down, and the heating cannot be repeated on the same trajectory line; the heating diameter of the round spot heating is d = 4t+10mm and is not greater than Ф50, and the minimum distance between the origins of the round spot heating is 100~200mm; triangular heating: suitable for correcting the bending deformation of T-shaped components, and for correcting the segmented free edges; the heating area is applied to one side of the curved protrusion, from both ends to the middle, and the starting point of the triangular heating starts from the vertex.

9. The method for cold and hot processing and water and fire correction of ship aluminum alloy workpieces according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: After hot and cold processing, the acceptance tolerance of the processed workpiece is: Round body: diameter d, deviation: And the maximum deviation is ±5.0mm; For single curved plate, the straightness of the triangular sample inspection line should be ≤2.5mm, and the gap between the curved surface and the sample should be ≤2.5mm. For double-bent plates, the straightness deviation of the triangular sample test line is ≤2.5mm, the gap between the rib direction and the sample is ≤3.0, the gap between the length direction and the sample is ≤3.0mm, and the wrinkle deviation of the plate edge within each rib distance is ≤2.0mm.

10. The method for cold and hot processing and water and fire correction of ship aluminum alloy workpieces according to claim 9, characterized in that: During hot and cold processing, the bending deviation of the profile, the angle deviation A is: The maximum deviation is ±3.0mm; local bending deviation, ±1.0mm, bending deviation, ±1.0mm.

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