Desulfurization system for blast furnace gas and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gas desulfurization, and discloses a desulfurization system for blast furnace gas and a control method thereof.The system is characterized in that a gas inlet and a liquid outlet are formed in the bottom of a desulfurization tower, a barren liquor nozzle is arranged in the middle of the desulfurization tower, an atomizing nozzle is arranged on the upper portion of the desulfurization tower, and an exhaust port is formed in the top of the desulfurization tower and provided with a first gas sensor; the other end of the regeneration pool is connected with the barren liquor nozzle; the ammonia water storage box is connected with the atomizing nozzle; the flue gas buffer tank is arranged on one side of the desulfurization tower and is communicated with the gas inlet, and a second gas sensor and a flow velocity sensor are arranged in the flue gas buffer tank; the control module is used for collecting operation data of the first gas sensor, the second gas sensor and the flow velocity sensor and determining the opening state and the opening degree of the barren liquor nozzle and the opening state of the atomizing nozzle according to the operation data. Through the gas sensor, the flow velocity sensor and the control module, monitoring and dynamic adjustment of the desulfurization process are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal gas desulfurization, and in particular to a desulfurization system for blast furnace coal gas and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Desulfurization is one of the most important links in the purification of blast furnace gas. Blast furnace gas contains a certain concentration of hydrogen sulfide. If it is not effectively removed, it will not only corrode downstream equipment, but also cause sulfur dioxide to be produced during the combustion process, causing environmental pollution. The existing blast furnace gas desulfurization process mainly adopts wet desulfurization technology, among which ammonia desulfurization, alkaline desulfurization and catalytic oxidation desulfurization are more common. Through gas-liquid countercurrent contact, the desulfurization liquid absorbs hydrogen sulfide in the gas, and the desulfurization liquid is recycled by oxidation regeneration to improve the desulfurization efficiency and economy.

[0003] However, there are still some problems with the existing desulfurization system: traditional desulfurization towers often use a fixed flow rate or a simple time control method for lean liquid spray control, and cannot be accurately adjusted according to the actual gas flow rate and changes in hydrogen sulfide concentration. In addition, the hydrogen sulfide content in the coal gas is unevenly distributed, resulting in low utilization of the desulfurization liquid. In order to increase the desulfurization effect, multi-stage series desulfurization is often used. The desulfurization of multi-stage desulfurization towers in series increases operating costs and has high energy consumption.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a desulfurization system for blast furnace gas and a control method thereof to solve the problems existing in the current technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a desulfurization system for blast furnace gas and a control method thereof, aiming to solve the problem of poor desulfurization effect and high operating cost caused by lack of feedback regulation mechanism in the current desulfurization system.

[0006] In one aspect, the present invention provides a desulfurization system for blast furnace gas, comprising: A desulfurization tower, wherein an air inlet and a liquid discharge port are arranged at the bottom, a lean liquid nozzle is arranged in the middle of the desulfurization tower, an atomizing nozzle is arranged at the upper part of the desulfurization tower, and an exhaust port is opened at the top of the desulfurization tower, and a first gas sensor is arranged at the exhaust port; A regeneration tank, one end of which is connected to the liquid discharge port, and the other end of which is connected to the lean liquid nozzle; an ammonia water storage tank connected to the atomizing nozzle; A flue gas buffer box is arranged on one side of the desulfurization tower, the flue gas buffer box is connected to the air inlet, and a second gas sensor and a flow rate sensor are arranged in the flue gas buffer box, the gas sensor is used to detect the concentration of hydrogen sulfide, and the flow rate sensor is used to detect the flow rate of the flue gas entering the air inlet; A control module is used to collect operating data of the first gas sensor, the second gas sensor and the flow rate sensor, and determine the opening state of the lean liquid nozzle, the nozzle opening and the opening state of the atomizing nozzle according to the operating data.

[0007] Furthermore, the control module includes a collection unit, a judgment unit, an adjustment unit and a processing unit, wherein: The collecting unit is configured to collect a flow rate signal to control the operation of the lean liquid nozzle with an initial lean liquid flow rate; The judgment unit is configured to collect the hydrogen sulfide concentration of the second gas sensor, process the hydrogen sulfide concentration within a preset time period to establish a concentration matrix, and judge whether to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate according to the concentration matrix; The adjustment unit is configured to, when the judgment unit determines to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate, obtain a maximum concentration and an average concentration according to the concentration matrix, use the maximum concentration and the average concentration as a feature set, compare the feature set with a historical adjustment set, determine an adjustment coefficient according to the comparison result to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate, and control the lean liquid nozzle to operate at the adjusted flow rate; The processing unit is configured to collect the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization of the first gas sensor, compare the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization with a maximum threshold value, and determine whether the desulfurization is qualified based on the comparison result. When the desulfurization is determined to be unqualified, the processing unit is also configured to control the atomizing nozzle to open.

[0008] Furthermore, the judgment unit processes the hydrogen sulfide concentration within a preset time period to establish a concentration matrix, and judges whether to adjust the initial lean solution flow rate according to the concentration matrix, including: The judgment unit determines the duration of the preset period according to the collection frequency of the second gas sensor, so that the number of hydrogen sulfide concentrations in the preset period is , and n>3, the judgment unit arranges all hydrogen sulfide concentrations from left to right and from top to bottom in the order of collection into the concentration matrix; Arbitrarily determine a central point in the concentration matrix ( , ); The judgment range is determined with the central point as the center of the circle and e as the judgment radius; Calculate the average concentration according to the concentration matrix of each coordinate point within the judgment range; When there is a difference between the concentration matrix of the central point and the average concentration that is greater than a difference threshold, it is determined that the initial lean liquid flow rate is adjusted; The average concentration is calculated by the following formula: ; in, represents the average concentration, e represents the judgment radius, ( , ) represents the coordinates of the center point, In the concentration matrix The concentration of hydrogen sulfide at the point.

[0009] Furthermore, the adjustment unit compares the feature set with the historical adjustment set, and determines the adjustment coefficient according to the comparison result to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate, including: The historical adjustment set includes several groups of historical feature sets and several historical adjustment coefficients, each of the historical feature sets corresponds to one of the historical adjustment coefficients, and each of the historical feature sets includes a historical maximum concentration and a historical average concentration; The adjustment unit calculates the similarity between the feature set and each historical feature set respectively; When there is data in all the historical feature sets whose similarity with the feature set is greater than a similarity threshold, the initial lean liquid flow rate is adjusted using the historical adjustment coefficient corresponding to the maximum similarity as the adjustment coefficient; When there is no data in all the historical feature sets whose similarity with the feature set is greater than a similarity threshold, data in the historical feature sets whose similarity with the feature set is greater than s% and less than the similarity threshold are selected to establish an adjustment set, and the adjustment coefficient is determined according to the adjustment set to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate.

[0010] Furthermore, the similarity between the feature set and each historical feature set is calculated by the following formula: ; Among them, Dn represents the similarity between the feature set and the nth historical feature set, Hd represents the maximum concentration in the feature set, Hdn represents the maximum concentration in the nth historical feature set, Hp represents the average concentration in the feature set, and Hpn represents the average concentration in the nth historical feature set.

[0011] Furthermore, when the adjustment unit determines the adjustment coefficient according to the adjustment set to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate, it includes: The historical maximum concentration in the adjustment set that is greater than the maximum concentration, and the historical average concentration that is greater than the historical adjustment coefficient corresponding to the average concentration is classified into a first adjustment set; the historical maximum concentration in the adjustment set that is less than the maximum concentration, and the historical average concentration that is less than the historical adjustment coefficient corresponding to the average concentration is classified into a second adjustment set; the remaining historical adjustment coefficients in the adjustment set are classified into a third adjustment set, an adjustment coefficient mean is obtained according to the third adjustment set, and the adjustment coefficient is determined according to the adjustment coefficient mean and the first adjustment set to adjust the initial lean solution flow rate.

[0012] Furthermore, when the adjustment unit determines the adjustment coefficient according to the adjustment coefficient mean and the first adjustment set to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate, it includes: ; Wherein, t represents the adjustment coefficient, t0 represents the mean of the adjustment coefficient, M represents the number of historical adjustment coefficients in the first adjustment set, and tm represents the mth historical adjustment coefficient in the first adjustment set.

[0013] Furthermore, when the processing unit determines whether the desulfurization is qualified according to the comparison result, it includes: When the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization is greater than the maximum threshold, the desulfurization is judged to be unqualified; When the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization is less than or equal to the maximum threshold, the desulfurization is determined to be qualified.

[0014] Furthermore, when the processing unit determines that the desulfurization is unqualified, it also includes: An excess difference is obtained based on the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization and the maximum threshold, and the excess difference is the difference between the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization and the maximum threshold. The excess difference is input into a preset fuzzy algorithm, and the atomizing nozzle is adjusted to open and the atomizing nozzle opening is determined based on the output result.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that accurate monitoring and dynamic adjustment of the desulfurization process are achieved through gas sensors, flow rate sensors and control modules. Compared with the traditional fixed flow spray desulfurization system, it can collect hydrogen sulfide concentration and gas flow rate data in blast furnace gas, and dynamically adjust the opening state and spraying amount of the lean liquid nozzle based on the data, so that the use of desulfurizer is more accurate and efficient, thereby improving the desulfurization effect and reducing the consumption of reagents. An atomizing nozzle is added to the upper part of the desulfurization tower and connected to the ammonia storage tank, so that the efficiently atomized ammonia water can enhance the gas-liquid contact, increase the absorption rate of hydrogen sulfide, and improve the problem of uneven distribution of hydrogen sulfide concentration in the flue gas, thereby reducing the demand for multi-stage series desulfurization, reducing system energy consumption and operating costs. The flue gas buffer box is used to pre-treat the flue gas, and sensors are arranged inside it, which can stabilize the airflow, optimize the intake conditions of the desulfurization tower, and provide more accurate real-time gas detection data, providing a more reliable basis for control. The regeneration pool enables the lean liquid to be recycled, which improves the regeneration efficiency of the desulfurization liquid. By controlling the spraying volume, optimizing the use of desulfurizers, improving desulfurization efficiency and reducing energy consumption, the desulfurization system is made more intelligent, effectively solving the problems of uneven desulfurization, high energy consumption and high operating costs in the existing technology.

[0016] On the other hand, the present application also provides a control method for a desulfurization system for blast furnace gas, which is applied to the above-mentioned desulfurization system for blast furnace gas, comprising: Collect flow rate signals and control the operation of the lean liquid nozzle with the initial lean liquid flow rate; Collecting the hydrogen sulfide concentration of the second gas sensor, processing the hydrogen sulfide concentration within a preset time period to establish a concentration matrix, and determining whether to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate according to the concentration matrix; When it is determined that the initial lean liquid flow rate is to be adjusted, a maximum concentration and an average concentration are obtained according to the concentration matrix, the maximum concentration and the average concentration are used as a feature set, the feature set is compared with a historical adjustment set, an adjustment coefficient is determined according to the comparison result to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate, and the lean liquid nozzle is controlled to operate at the adjusted flow rate; The hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization is collected from the first gas sensor, and the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization is compared with the maximum threshold value. Whether the desulfurization is qualified is determined according to the comparison result. When the desulfurization is determined to be unqualified, the atomizing nozzle is controlled to open.

[0017] It is understandable that the above-mentioned desulfurization system for blast furnace gas and the control method thereof have the same beneficial effects, which will not be described in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Moreover, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a desulfurization system for blast furnace gas provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A functional block diagram of a control module in a blast furnace gas desulfurization system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A flow chart of a control method for desulfurization of blast furnace gas provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Among them, 100, desulfurization tower; 110, air inlet; 120, liquid discharge port; 130, lean liquid nozzle; 140, atomizing nozzle; 150, exhaust port; 151, first gas sensor; 200, regeneration tank; 210, compressed gas supply port; 300, ammonia storage tank; 400, flue gas buffer tank; 410, second gas sensor; 420, flow rate sensor; 500, control module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided in order to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features described in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present application, see Figure 1-2 As shown, a desulfurization system for blast furnace gas comprises: The desulfurization tower 100 has an air inlet 110 and a liquid discharge port 120 at the bottom, a lean liquid nozzle 130 at the middle of the desulfurization tower 100, an atomizing nozzle 140 at the top of the desulfurization tower 100, and an exhaust port 150 at the top of the desulfurization tower 100, and a first gas sensor 151 is provided at the exhaust port 150; The regeneration tank 200 has one end connected to the drain port 120 and the other end connected to the lean liquid nozzle 130; Ammonia water storage tank 300, connected to atomizing nozzle 140; The flue gas buffer box 400 is arranged on one side of the desulfurization tower 100. The flue gas buffer box 400 is connected to the air inlet 110, and a second gas sensor 410 and a flow rate sensor 420 are arranged in the flue gas buffer box 400. The gas sensor is used to detect the concentration of hydrogen sulfide, and the flow rate sensor 420 is used to detect the flow rate of the flue gas entering the air inlet 110; The control module 500 is used to collect the operating data of the first gas sensor 151, the second gas sensor 410 and the flow rate sensor 420, and determine the opening state of the lean liquid nozzle 130, the nozzle opening and the opening state of the atomizing nozzle 140 according to the operating data.

[0021] Specifically, the desulfurization system for blast furnace gas in this embodiment is composed of a desulfurization tower 100, a regeneration tank 200, an ammonia storage tank 300, a flue gas buffer tank 400 and a control module 500 to achieve efficient removal of hydrogen sulfide in blast furnace gas. The core function of the lean liquid nozzle 130 is to spray desulfurization liquid to the desulfurization tower 100 to absorb hydrogen sulfide in the gas. A solid conical nozzle or a hollow conical nozzle can be used, powered by a motor, and the nozzle opening position can adjust the opening size. The atomizing nozzle 140 is started when the hydrogen sulfide concentration still exceeds the standard after desulfurization, and ammonia or alkali liquid is sprayed in the form of fine droplets. Compressed air or high-pressure airflow can be used to atomize the liquid to form finer droplets. Or micron-sized droplets are generated by ultrasonic oscillation to further increase the gas-liquid contact area and enhance the reaction rate. The blast furnace gas first enters the flue gas buffer box 400. The second gas sensor 410 of the flue gas buffer box 400 is used to monitor the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in real time. When the gas desulfurization is turned on, the gas enters the desulfurization tower 100 from the flue gas buffer box 400 through the air inlet 110. The flow rate sensor 420 detects the gas flow rate and transmits the data to the control module 500. The control module 500 dynamically adjusts the opening state and nozzle opening of the lean liquid nozzle 130 in the desulfurization tower 100 according to the collected data to realize spray control and improve the utilization efficiency of the desulfurization liquid.

[0022] Specifically, after the coal gas enters the desulfurization tower 100, the coal gas enters through the air inlet 110 at the bottom of the tower, and after the gas-liquid countercurrent contact, the lean liquid nozzle 130 sprays the lean liquid to absorb hydrogen sulfide. The lean liquid is a solution after ammonia oxidation regeneration. After desulfurization, the liquid containing sulfide flows into the regeneration tank 200. During the regeneration process, compressed air is introduced into the regeneration tank 200 through the compressed gas supply inlet 210 to react with oxygen to restore the desulfurization capacity, forming a small amount of lean liquid containing sulfur elements, and circulated back to the lean liquid nozzle 130. The first gas sensor 151 at the exhaust port 150 at the top of the tower monitors the gas composition after desulfurization, and feeds back the data to the control module 500 to adjust the operating state of the spray system. When hydrogen sulfide cannot be effectively removed based on the lean liquid, the atomizing nozzle 140 is turned on to ensure the stability of the desulfurization effect.

[0023] It is understandable that the control strategy based on real-time monitoring breaks through the limitations of traditional fixed flow or timing control methods, and can accurately adjust the spray volume according to the changes in the hydrogen sulfide concentration and flow rate of the coal gas, realize adaptive desulfurization control, improve the utilization rate of the desulfurization liquid, and reduce the operating cost of the desulfurization tower 100. Through the action of the flue gas buffer box 400, the gas flow rate and hydrogen sulfide concentration entering the desulfurization tower 100 are more evenly distributed, further optimizing the desulfurization process. The addition of the atomizing nozzle 140 effectively reduces the impact of the uneven distribution of hydrogen sulfide content in the coal gas, further improves the desulfurization effect, and avoids the waste of resources caused by multi-stage series saturated desulfurization.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present application, the control module 500 includes a collection unit, a judgment unit, an adjustment unit, and a processing unit, wherein the collection unit is configured to collect a flow rate signal to control the operation of the lean liquid nozzle 130 with an initial lean liquid flow rate; The judgment unit is configured to collect the hydrogen sulfide concentration of the second gas sensor 410, process the hydrogen sulfide concentration within a preset period of time to establish a concentration matrix, and judge whether to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate according to the concentration matrix; The adjustment unit is configured to, when the judgment unit determines to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate, obtain the maximum concentration and the average concentration according to the concentration matrix, use the maximum concentration and the average concentration as a feature set, compare the feature set with a historical adjustment set, determine an adjustment coefficient according to the comparison result to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate, and control the lean liquid nozzle 130 to operate at the adjusted flow rate; The processing unit is configured to collect the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization from the first gas sensor 151, compare the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization with the maximum threshold, and determine whether the desulfurization is qualified based on the comparison result. When the desulfurization is determined to be unqualified, the processing unit is also configured to control the atomizing nozzle 140 to open.

[0025] Specifically, the intelligent control of the blast furnace gas desulfurization system is realized through the collaborative work of the acquisition unit, the judgment unit, the adjustment unit and the processing unit. The acquisition unit obtains the real-time data of the flow rate sensor 420, and controls the operation of the lean liquid nozzle 130 based on the initial lean liquid flow rate to ensure the basic spraying requirements of the desulfurization liquid. The judgment unit collects the data of the second gas sensor 410, processes the hydrogen sulfide concentration data within a preset time period, establishes a concentration matrix, and judges whether it is necessary to adjust the spraying amount of the lean liquid nozzle 130 based on the matrix to cope with the fluctuation of the hydrogen sulfide concentration of the flue gas. When the judgment unit determines that the lean liquid flow rate needs to be adjusted, the adjustment unit extracts the maximum concentration and the average concentration from the concentration matrix, and compares them with the historical adjustment data as a feature set to determine the appropriate adjustment coefficient, so as to accurately adjust the spraying flow of the lean liquid nozzle 130. The dynamic adjustment strategy can effectively improve the utilization rate of the desulfurization liquid, reduce unnecessary spraying, and reduce operating costs. The processing unit is responsible for monitoring the desulfurized gas data collected by the first gas sensor 151, and compares the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization with the maximum threshold to evaluate the desulfurization effect. When the desulfurization effect does not meet the standard, the processing unit automatically controls the opening of the atomizing nozzle 140 to spray ammonia water for supplementary desulfurization, thereby ensuring that the exhaust gas meets environmental protection requirements.

[0026] It is understandable that the intelligent control method based on the comparison of concentration matrix and historical data improves the adaptive ability of the desulfurization system to the change of hydrogen sulfide concentration and realizes precise desulfurization control compared with the traditional fixed spray flow or simple time control. By dynamically adjusting the spraying amount of the lean liquid nozzle 130, not only the utilization rate of the desulfurization liquid is improved and the waste of the desulfurization liquid is reduced, but also the operating energy consumption of the desulfurization tower 100 is reduced, and the overall desulfurization efficiency is optimized. By real-time monitoring of the gas composition after desulfurization and automatically opening the atomizing nozzle 140 when necessary, the desulfurization efficiency of the system is further improved.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present application, the judgment unit processes the hydrogen sulfide concentration within a preset period of time to establish a concentration matrix, and judges whether to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate according to the concentration matrix, including: The judgment unit determines the duration of the preset period according to the collection frequency of the second gas sensor 410, so that the number of hydrogen sulfide concentrations in the preset period is , and n>3, the judgment unit arranges all hydrogen sulfide concentrations from left to right and from top to bottom in the order of collection into a concentration matrix; Arbitrarily determine a central point in the concentration matrix ( , ); The judgment range is determined with the center point as the circle center and e as the judgment radius; Calculate the average concentration based on the concentration matrix of each coordinate point within the judgment range; When the difference between the concentration matrix of a central point and the average concentration is greater than the difference threshold, it is determined that the initial lean solution flow rate is adjusted; The average concentration was calculated by the following formula: ; in, represents the average concentration, e represents the judgment radius, ( , ) represents the coordinates of the center point, In the concentration matrix The concentration of hydrogen sulfide at the point.

[0028] Specifically, based on the construction and analysis of the concentration matrix, the lean liquid spray flow rate is adjusted, and the adaptive ability of the desulfurization system to the change of hydrogen sulfide concentration is improved. The judgment unit determines the duration of the preset time period according to the acquisition frequency of the second gas sensor 410 to ensure that a sufficient amount of hydrogen sulfide concentration data is obtained within the time period, and constructs the concentration matrix according to the acquisition order, so that the concentration data can intuitively reflect the change trend of the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the time dimension. In the analysis process of the concentration matrix, the judgment unit randomly selects a center point, and uses the point as the center of the circle and e as the judgment radius to determine the set of data points within its influence range. Calculate the average concentration of all concentration values ​​within the range and compare it with the concentration value of the center point. When the difference between the concentration of the center point and the calculated average concentration exceeds the set difference threshold, it indicates that the hydrogen sulfide concentration at this position fluctuates greatly, and the initial lean liquid flow rate needs to be adjusted during the subsequent desulfurization treatment to ensure the stability of the desulfurization effect.

[0029] It is understandable that local analysis based on the concentration matrix can effectively capture abnormal fluctuations in hydrogen sulfide concentration within a short period of time, rather than relying solely on the overall mean for judgment, thereby improving the response accuracy and adjustment sensitivity of the system. By setting the judgment radius e, the control range can cover enough data points while maintaining a certain local precision to ensure the accuracy of the adjustment decision. Compared with the traditional fixed spray flow or simple time control, the lean liquid spraying amount can be dynamically adjusted to avoid the waste of desulfurization liquid, while ensuring the stability of the desulfurization effect, improving the operating efficiency of the desulfurization system, and reducing energy consumption.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present application, the adjustment unit compares the feature set with the historical adjustment set, and determines the adjustment coefficient according to the comparison result to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate, including: The historical adjustment set includes several groups of historical feature sets and several historical adjustment coefficients, each historical feature set corresponds to a historical adjustment coefficient, and each historical feature set includes a historical maximum concentration and a historical average concentration; The adjustment unit calculates the similarity between the feature set and each historical feature set respectively; When there is data in all historical feature sets whose similarity with the feature set is greater than the similarity threshold, the initial lean liquid flow rate is adjusted using the historical adjustment coefficient corresponding to the maximum similarity as the adjustment coefficient; When there is no data in all historical feature sets whose similarity with the feature set is greater than the similarity threshold, data in the historical feature sets whose similarity with the feature set is greater than s% and less than the similarity threshold are selected to establish an adjustment set, and the initial lean liquid flow rate is adjusted according to the adjustment coefficient determined by the adjustment set.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present application, the similarity between the feature set and each historical feature set is calculated by the following formula: ; Among them, Dn represents the similarity between the feature set and the nth historical feature set, Hd represents the maximum concentration in the feature set, Hdn represents the maximum concentration in the nth historical feature set, Hp represents the average concentration in the feature set, and Hpn represents the average concentration in the nth historical feature set.

[0032] Specifically, the calculated similarity is between 0 and 1, and the larger the value, the more similar the two feature sets are. When the similarity between a historical feature set and the current feature set is greater than the similarity threshold, it means that the current operating condition is highly similar to the historical operating condition, and the historical adjustment coefficient is directly used as the basis for adjusting the current lean liquid flow rate. If the similarity of all historical feature sets is lower than the threshold, a historical feature set with a similarity between s% and the similarity threshold is selected to construct an adjustment set, and the adjustment coefficient is determined based on the set to adapt to the current operating condition. This avoids blind adjustments when there is no matching historical data at all, and ensures the rationality of the lean liquid flow rate adjustment.

[0033] It is understandable that by constructing a historical adjustment set and using a similarity calculation method, a self-learning optimization mechanism is established, making the adjustment of the lean liquid flow more accurate and intelligent. Compared with the traditional adjustment method based on fixed rules, it can dynamically adapt to the fluctuation of hydrogen sulfide concentration and continuously optimize the adjustment strategy as the operating time increases, thereby improving the system's adaptability and control accuracy. By setting the similarity threshold and adjusting the set screening strategy, unreasonable adjustments caused by single abnormal data are effectively avoided, ensuring the stability and reliability of the desulfurization system, thereby reducing operating energy consumption and improving desulfurization efficiency.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, when the adjustment unit determines the adjustment coefficient according to the adjustment set to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate, it includes: The historical adjustment coefficients corresponding to the historical maximum concentration in the adjustment set that are greater than the maximum concentration and the historical average concentration that are greater than the average concentration are classified into the first adjustment set; the historical adjustment coefficients corresponding to the historical maximum concentration in the adjustment set that are less than the maximum concentration and the historical average concentration that are less than the average concentration are classified into the second adjustment set; the remaining historical adjustment coefficients in the adjustment set are classified into the third adjustment set, the mean of the adjustment coefficients is obtained according to the third adjustment set, and the adjustment coefficients are determined according to the mean of the adjustment coefficients and the first adjustment set to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, when the adjustment unit determines the adjustment coefficient according to the adjustment coefficient mean and the first adjustment set to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate, it includes: ; Wherein, t represents the adjustment coefficient, t0 represents the mean of the adjustment coefficient, M represents the number of historical adjustment coefficients in the first adjustment set, and tm represents the mth historical adjustment coefficient in the first adjustment set.

[0036] Specifically, a basic adjustment coefficient is obtained through the mean of the third adjustment set, and then combined with the historical adjustment coefficient of the first adjustment set to further optimize the final lean liquid flow adjustment value. If there are multiple data points in the first adjustment set, the mean of its adjustment coefficient can play a correction role, making the final calculated adjustment coefficient closer to the data of historical high-concentration conditions, thereby improving the reliability and adaptability of regulation.

[0037] It is understandable that through classification and dynamic adjustment strategies, the adjustment of lean liquid flow is more accurate, ensuring that the desulfurization system can operate effectively under different hydrogen sulfide concentration conditions. Compared with fixed adjustment coefficients or simple mean calculation methods, combined with the influence of historical high-concentration operating data, it can more flexibly adapt to the fluctuation of hydrogen sulfide concentration and avoid the problem of excessive or insufficient adjustment. By dividing the adjustment set, the response speed is improved. While improving the desulfurization efficiency, the operating cost is reduced.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present application, when the processing unit determines whether the desulfurization is qualified based on the comparison results, it includes: when the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization is greater than the maximum threshold, the desulfurization is judged to be unqualified; when the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization is less than or equal to the maximum threshold, the desulfurization is judged to be qualified.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present application, when the processing unit determines that the desulfurization is unqualified, it also includes: obtaining an excess difference based on the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization and the maximum threshold, the excess difference is the difference between the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization and the maximum threshold, inputting the excess difference into a preset fuzzy algorithm, adjusting the opening of the atomizing nozzle 140 according to the output result and determining the opening degree of the atomizing nozzle 140.

[0040] Specifically, the processing unit compares the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization with the maximum threshold value to determine whether the desulfurization effect is qualified. If the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization is greater than the maximum threshold value, the desulfurization is determined to be unqualified; conversely, if the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization is less than or equal to the maximum threshold value, the desulfurization is determined to be qualified. When the desulfurization is determined to be unqualified, the processing unit calculates the difference between the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization after filtration and the maximum threshold value, that is, the excess difference. The excess difference reflects the degree of insufficient desulfurization efficiency, and the larger the difference, the worse the desulfurization effect. According to the excess difference, the processing unit inputs the difference into the preset fuzzy algorithm. Based on the input value (exceeding difference), the opening of the atomizing nozzle 140 and its opening degree are flexibly adjusted to achieve the purpose of optimizing the filtering effect. The fuzzy algorithm converts the input excess difference into an output control signal for adjusting the atomizing nozzle 140 by setting a rule base and a membership function. For example: if the excess difference is greater than 10% of the maximum threshold, the atomizing nozzle 140 is opened by 30%; if the excess difference is greater than 10% of the maximum threshold and less than or equal to 20% of the maximum threshold, the atomizing nozzle 140 is opened by 50%; if the excess difference is greater than 20% of the maximum threshold, the atomizing nozzle 140 is opened by 100%.

[0041] It is understandable that by introducing the fuzzy algorithm, the intelligent adjustment of the desulfurization effect is achieved. In the case of unqualified desulfurization, the fuzzy algorithm automatically adjusts the opening of the atomizing nozzle 140 according to the difference between the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization and the maximum threshold, thereby improving the desulfurization efficiency and adaptability of the desulfurization system. The intelligent adjustment method is more flexible than the traditional fixed adjustment, and can be adjusted dynamically according to the actual situation, avoiding the subsequent cost increase caused by insufficient desulfurization efficiency.

[0042] In the above embodiments, accurate monitoring and dynamic adjustment of the desulfurization process are achieved through gas sensors, flow rate sensors and control modules. Compared with the traditional fixed flow spray desulfurization system, it can collect hydrogen sulfide concentration and gas flow rate data in blast furnace gas, and dynamically adjust the opening state and spraying amount of the lean liquid nozzle based on the data, so that the use of desulfurizer is more accurate and efficient, thereby improving the desulfurization effect and reducing the consumption of reagents. An atomizing nozzle is added to the upper part of the desulfurization tower and connected to the ammonia storage tank, so that the efficiently atomized ammonia can enhance the gas-liquid contact, increase the absorption rate of hydrogen sulfide, and improve the problem of uneven distribution of hydrogen sulfide concentration in the flue gas, thereby reducing the demand for multi-stage series desulfurization and reducing system energy consumption and operating costs. The flue gas buffer box is used to pre-treat the flue gas, and sensors are arranged inside it, which can stabilize the airflow, optimize the intake conditions of the desulfurization tower, and provide more accurate real-time gas detection data, providing a more reliable basis for control. The regeneration pool enables the lean liquid to be recycled, which improves the regeneration efficiency of the desulfurization liquid. By controlling the spraying volume, optimizing the use of desulfurizers, improving desulfurization efficiency and reducing energy consumption, the desulfurization system is made more intelligent, effectively solving the problems of uneven desulfurization, high energy consumption and high operating costs in the existing technology.

[0043] In another preferred embodiment based on the above embodiment, refer to Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a control method for a desulfurization system for blast furnace gas, which is applied to the above-mentioned desulfurization system for blast furnace gas, including: S100: collecting flow rate signals and controlling the operation of the lean liquid nozzle with the initial lean liquid flow rate; S200: collecting the hydrogen sulfide concentration of the second gas sensor, processing the hydrogen sulfide concentration within a preset period of time to establish a concentration matrix, and determining whether to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate according to the concentration matrix; S300: when it is determined that the initial lean liquid flow rate is to be adjusted, the maximum concentration and the average concentration are obtained according to the concentration matrix, the maximum concentration and the average concentration are used as a feature set, the feature set is compared with the historical adjustment set, the adjustment coefficient is determined according to the comparison result to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate, and the lean liquid nozzle is controlled to operate at the adjusted flow rate; S400: collecting the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization from the first gas sensor, comparing the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization with the maximum threshold, judging whether the desulfurization is qualified according to the comparison result, and when the desulfurization is judged to be unqualified, controlling the atomizing nozzle to open.

[0044] It is understandable that accurate monitoring and dynamic adjustment of the desulfurization process are achieved through gas sensors, flow rate sensors and control modules. Compared with the traditional fixed flow spray desulfurization system, it can collect hydrogen sulfide concentration and gas flow rate data in blast furnace gas, and dynamically adjust the opening state and spray volume of the lean liquid nozzle based on the data, so that the use of desulfurizer is more accurate and efficient, thereby improving the desulfurization effect and reducing agent consumption. An atomizing nozzle is added to the upper part of the desulfurization tower and connected to the ammonia storage tank, so that the efficiently atomized ammonia can enhance the gas-liquid contact, increase the absorption rate of hydrogen sulfide, and improve the problem of uneven distribution of hydrogen sulfide concentration in the flue gas, thereby reducing the need for multi-stage series desulfurization and reducing system energy consumption and operating costs. The flue gas buffer box is used to pre-treat the flue gas, and sensors are arranged inside it, which can stabilize the airflow, optimize the intake conditions of the desulfurization tower, and provide more accurate real-time gas detection data, providing a more reliable basis for control. The regeneration pool enables the lean liquid to be recycled, which improves the regeneration efficiency of the desulfurization liquid. By controlling the spraying volume, optimizing the use of desulfurizers, improving desulfurization efficiency and reducing energy consumption, the desulfurization system is made more intelligent, effectively solving the problems of uneven desulfurization, high energy consumption and high operating costs in the existing technology.

[0045] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.

[0046] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems) and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0047] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0048] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A desulfurization system for blast furnace gas, characterized in that: include: A desulfurization tower, wherein an air inlet and a liquid discharge port are arranged at the bottom, a lean liquid nozzle is arranged in the middle of the desulfurization tower, an atomizing nozzle is arranged at the upper part of the desulfurization tower, and an exhaust port is opened at the top of the desulfurization tower, and a first gas sensor is arranged at the exhaust port; A regeneration tank, one end of which is connected to the liquid discharge port, and the other end of which is connected to the lean liquid nozzle; an ammonia water storage tank connected to the atomizing nozzle; A flue gas buffer box is arranged on one side of the desulfurization tower, the flue gas buffer box is connected to the air inlet, and a second gas sensor and a flow rate sensor are arranged in the flue gas buffer box, the gas sensor is used to detect the concentration of hydrogen sulfide, and the flow rate sensor is used to detect the flow rate of the flue gas entering the air inlet; A control module is used to collect operating data of the first gas sensor, the second gas sensor and the flow rate sensor, and determine the opening state of the lean liquid nozzle, the nozzle opening and the opening state of the atomizing nozzle according to the operating data.

2. The desulfurization system for blast furnace gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module includes a collection unit, a judgment unit, an adjustment unit and a processing unit, wherein: The collecting unit is configured to collect a flow rate signal to control the operation of the lean liquid nozzle with an initial lean liquid flow rate; The judgment unit is configured to collect the hydrogen sulfide concentration of the second gas sensor, process the hydrogen sulfide concentration within a preset time period to establish a concentration matrix, and judge whether to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate according to the concentration matrix; The adjustment unit is configured to, when the judgment unit determines to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate, obtain a maximum concentration and an average concentration according to the concentration matrix, use the maximum concentration and the average concentration as a feature set, compare the feature set with a historical adjustment set, determine an adjustment coefficient according to the comparison result to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate, and control the lean liquid nozzle to operate at the adjusted flow rate; The processing unit is configured to collect the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization of the first gas sensor, compare the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization with a maximum threshold value, and determine whether the desulfurization is qualified based on the comparison result. When the desulfurization is determined to be unqualified, the processing unit is also configured to control the atomizing nozzle to open.

3. The desulfurization system for blast furnace gas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The judgment unit processes the hydrogen sulfide concentration within a preset time period to establish a concentration matrix, and judges whether to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate according to the concentration matrix, including: The judgment unit determines the duration of the preset period according to the collection frequency of the second gas sensor, so that the number of hydrogen sulfide concentrations in the preset period is , and n>3, the judgment unit arranges all hydrogen sulfide concentrations from left to right and from top to bottom in the order of collection into the concentration matrix; Arbitrarily determine a central point in the concentration matrix ( , ); The judgment range is determined with the central point as the center of the circle and e as the judgment radius; Calculate the average concentration according to the concentration matrix of each coordinate point within the judgment range; When there is a difference between the concentration matrix of the central point and the average concentration that is greater than a difference threshold, it is determined that the initial lean liquid flow rate is adjusted; The average concentration is calculated by the following formula: ； in, represents the average concentration, e represents the judgment radius, ( , ) represents the coordinates of the center point, In the concentration matrix The concentration of hydrogen sulfide at the point.

4. The desulfurization system for blast furnace gas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjustment unit compares the feature set with the historical adjustment set, and determines the adjustment coefficient according to the comparison result to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate, including: The historical adjustment set includes several groups of historical feature sets and several historical adjustment coefficients, each of the historical feature sets corresponds to one of the historical adjustment coefficients, and each of the historical feature sets includes a historical maximum concentration and a historical average concentration; The adjustment unit calculates the similarity between the feature set and each historical feature set respectively; When there is data in all the historical feature sets whose similarity with the feature set is greater than a similarity threshold, the initial lean liquid flow rate is adjusted using the historical adjustment coefficient corresponding to the maximum similarity as the adjustment coefficient; When there is no data in all the historical feature sets whose similarity with the feature set is greater than a similarity threshold, data in the historical feature sets whose similarity with the feature set is greater than s% and less than the similarity threshold are selected to establish an adjustment set, and the adjustment coefficient is determined according to the adjustment set to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate.

5. The desulfurization system for blast furnace gas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The similarity between the feature set and each historical feature set is calculated by the following formula: ； Among them, Dn represents the similarity between the feature set and the nth historical feature set, Hd represents the maximum concentration in the feature set, Hdn represents the maximum concentration in the nth historical feature set, Hp represents the average concentration in the feature set, and Hpn represents the average concentration in the nth historical feature set.

6. The desulfurization system for blast furnace gas according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the adjustment unit determines the adjustment coefficient according to the adjustment set to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate, it includes: The historical maximum concentration in the adjustment set that is greater than the maximum concentration, and the historical average concentration that is greater than the historical adjustment coefficient corresponding to the average concentration is classified into a first adjustment set; the historical maximum concentration in the adjustment set that is less than the maximum concentration, and the historical average concentration that is less than the historical adjustment coefficient corresponding to the average concentration is classified into a second adjustment set; the remaining historical adjustment coefficients in the adjustment set are classified into a third adjustment set, an adjustment coefficient mean is obtained according to the third adjustment set, and the adjustment coefficient is determined according to the adjustment coefficient mean and the first adjustment set to adjust the initial lean solution flow rate.

7. The desulfurization system for blast furnace gas according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the adjustment unit determines the adjustment coefficient according to the adjustment coefficient mean and the first adjustment set to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate, it includes: ； Wherein, t represents the adjustment coefficient, t0 represents the mean of the adjustment coefficient, M represents the number of historical adjustment coefficients in the first adjustment set, and tm represents the mth historical adjustment coefficient in the first adjustment set.

8. The desulfurization system for blast furnace gas according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the processing unit determines whether the desulfurization is qualified according to the comparison result, it includes: When the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization is greater than the maximum threshold, the desulfurization is judged to be unqualified; When the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization is less than or equal to the maximum threshold, the desulfurization is determined to be qualified.

9. The desulfurization system for blast furnace gas according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the processing unit determines that the desulfurization is unqualified, it also includes: An excess difference is obtained based on the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization and the maximum threshold, and the excess difference is the difference between the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization and the maximum threshold. The excess difference is input into a preset fuzzy algorithm, and the atomizing nozzle is adjusted to open and the atomizing nozzle opening is determined based on the output result.

10. A control method for a desulfurization system for blast furnace gas, applied to the desulfurization system for blast furnace gas as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: Collect flow rate signals and control the operation of the lean liquid nozzle with the initial lean liquid flow rate; Collecting the hydrogen sulfide concentration of the second gas sensor, processing the hydrogen sulfide concentration within a preset time period to establish a concentration matrix, and determining whether to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate according to the concentration matrix; When it is determined that the initial lean liquid flow rate is to be adjusted, a maximum concentration and an average concentration are obtained according to the concentration matrix, the maximum concentration and the average concentration are used as a feature set, the feature set is compared with a historical adjustment set, an adjustment coefficient is determined according to the comparison result to adjust the initial lean liquid flow rate, and the lean liquid nozzle is controlled to operate at the adjusted flow rate; The hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization is collected from the first gas sensor, and the hydrogen sulfide concentration after desulfurization is compared with the maximum threshold value. Whether the desulfurization is qualified is determined according to the comparison result. When the desulfurization is determined to be unqualified, the atomizing nozzle is controlled to open.

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