Deep groove ball bearing assembling and ball sleeving device

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep groove ball bearing fitting and ball sleeving device, belongs to the technical field of deep groove ball bearing fitting, and solves the problems that the existing manual fitting efficiency is low, steel balls are easily scratched, and the bearing quality and precision are influenced. The device comprises a bottom plate, an outer ring deformation pressurizing mechanism, an air cylinder driving mechanism, a lever mechanism, a sliding rail mechanism, a limiting mechanism and a deep groove ball bearing placing area, and the moving centers of the sliding rail mechanism and the limiting mechanism and the central axis of the deep groove ball bearing placing area are located on the same axis. The working end of the lever mechanism is connected with the front end of a sliding body of the sliding rail mechanism, and the air cylinder driving mechanism provides first radial thrust for the sliding rail mechanism through the lever mechanism. The sliding rail mechanism and the limiting mechanism pressurize the deep groove ball bearing outer ring on the deep groove ball bearing placing area to enable the deep groove ball bearing outer ring to generate elastic deformation, meanwhile, the limiting mechanism restrains the radial deformation range of the deep groove ball bearing outer ring and prevents plastic deformation, and the strain epsilon < lt > needs to be ensured; the material yield limit is epsilon y.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of bearing processing, and in particular relates to a deep groove ball bearing assembly ball-setting device. Background Art

[0002] In the process of deep groove ball bearing assembly, the existing technology mainly relies on manual assembly. Workers use tools such as suction cups, clamps, and material tweezers to put steel balls one by one between the inner and outer rings of the bearing. This method has two disadvantages. The first is that when the steel balls are installed to the last few balls, due to the contact between the steel balls and the inner and outer rings, the steel balls need to be pressed to make them reach the bottom of the groove. At this time, the steel balls are subjected to force, which can easily cause scratches on the steel balls. After the bearings are assembled, the vibration value increases during use, and the rotation flexibility and speed decrease, affecting the quality and accuracy of the bearings. The second point is that when the bearings are assembled manually, it is necessary to constantly pick and move the balls manually. The installation of the last 3-5 steel balls takes up 60% of the entire assembly process, and the gap needs to be repeatedly adjusted to 1.5D (steel ball diameter), which significantly increases the fatigue of the workers. Each time, the balls need to be picked to control the free distance of the bearing to one and a half steel ball distances, and they need to be pressed and positioned accurately, resulting in time-consuming and labor-intensive installation of the last few steel balls, a waste of manpower, and an impact on labor efficiency. Third point: Manual pressing causes local stress concentration on the contact surface between the steel ball and the groove, which deteriorates the surface roughness (Ra value increases by 0.2-0.4μm), thereby increasing the probability of the bearing vibration value (Z4 group) exceeding the standard by more than 30%.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a sleeve assembly device that is efficient, accurate and can avoid damage to the steel balls. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings and deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a deep groove ball bearing assembly ball device which temporarily expands the groove through controllable elastic deformation of the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing, realizes the free fall of the steel ball, avoids forced pressing, and avoids the influence of steel ball scratches on the bearing vibration value, rotation flexibility and other performance, ensures deformation uniformity, and at the same time greatly reduces the frequency of manual repeated ball picking, ball shifting, and ball pressing, thereby achieving the effect of saving time and labor, and effectively improving the assembly efficiency and quality.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: The deep groove ball bearing assembly ball-fitting device provided by the present invention comprises a bottom plate and an outer ring deformation and pressure-increasing mechanism, and the outer ring deformation and pressure-increasing mechanism comprises a cylinder driving mechanism, a lever mechanism, a slide rail mechanism and a limit mechanism arranged on the bottom plate;

[0006] The area on the bottom plate between the slide rail mechanism and the limit mechanism is the deep groove ball bearing placement area, and the moving centers of the slide rail mechanism and the limit mechanism and the axis of the deep groove ball bearing placement area are located on the same axis;

[0007] The working end of the lever mechanism is connected to the front end of the sliding body of the slide rail mechanism, and the cylinder drive mechanism provides a first radial thrust to the slide rail mechanism through the lever mechanism.

[0008] Under the first radial thrust of the lever mechanism, the slide rail mechanism and the limit mechanism pressurize the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing on the deep groove ball bearing placement area to cause elastic deformation. At the same time, the limit mechanism constrains the radial deformation range of the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing to prevent plastic deformation. It is necessary to ensure that the strain ε<the material yield limit ε y .

[0009] Preferably, the lever mechanism comprises a fixed support seat and a lever arm, the fixed support seat is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, one end of the lever arm is hinged to the fixed support seat through a positioning pin, and the lever arm can rotate around a fulcrum provided by the positioning pin;

[0010] The force-applying end and the working end of the lever arm are respectively arranged on both sides of the lever arm, and the distance from the force-applying end of the lever arm to the fulcrum is greater than the distance from the working end of the lever arm to the fulcrum;

[0011] The working end and the force-applying end of the lever arm are respectively fixed with a first push column and a second push column, the cylinder piston rod of the cylinder drive mechanism is connected to the second push column of the lever arm, and the front end of the sliding body of the slide rail mechanism is connected to the first push column.

[0012] Preferably, the positioning pin is used as a fulcrum of the lever mechanism and is mounted on the bottom plate by bolts; the end of the cylinder piston rod of the cylinder drive mechanism is connected to a cylinder top block, and the cylinder piston rod is connected to the second push column through the cylinder top block;

[0013] In the lever mechanism, the ratio of the input force to the output force corresponding to the force-applying end and the working end on the lever arm is 1:3-5;

[0014] The cylinder adopts a pneumatically driven actuator cylinder and is provided with a low-pressure pneumatic actuator, and its working pressure is less than or equal to 0.5MPa.

[0015] Preferably, the slide rail mechanism is an integral linear guide rail, which includes a slide rail base and a sliding body. The upper surface of the slide rail base is recessed inwardly and provided with a linear guide rail groove matching the sliding body. The sliding body is embedded in the groove of the slide rail base and can move with the slide rail base.

[0016] A square mounting groove is provided on the bottom plate below the slide rail mechanism. A mounting plate spanning the mounting groove is installed on the bottom of the bottom plate and below the mounting groove and on the lower surface of the bottom plate. The length of the mounting plate is greater than the width of the mounting groove.

[0017] A transverse first linear slide groove is provided on the upper surface of the mounting plate, and a first direct slide rail matching the linear slide groove is also provided at the bottom of the slide rail base. The bottom of the slide rail base is installed in the mounting through groove, the length of the slide rail base is less than the length of the mounting through groove, and the slide rail base close to the first push column is tightly connected to the bottom plate through a reset spring;

[0018] The bottom height of the sliding body is greater than the bottom plate, the length of the sliding body is greater than the length of the installation slot, and both ends of the sliding body extend out of the front and rear sides of the installation slot.

[0019] Preferably, the width of the slide rail base matches the width of the installation slot, and the two sides thereof are slidably connected in the second linear slide grooves on the inner walls of the two sides of the installation slot through the second slide rail;

[0020] The rail base is mounted on the mounting plate by bolts.

[0021] Preferably, the limiting mechanism comprises a limiting box body with a vertical limiting side wall on the front side, a side baffle plate and an adjusting rod, and two rows of relatively parallel transverse slots are arranged in the middle of the limiting box body.

[0022] The limit box can be installed on the base laterally along the central axis of the slide rail mechanism. A threaded hole matching the transverse slot structure is provided on the bottom plate below the limit mechanism. The hexagon socket head screw and the bottom locking nut are sequentially passed through the transverse slot and the corresponding threaded hole, and the outer diameter of the hexagon socket head screw is larger than the width of the transverse slot, so as to achieve the fastening and position adjustment between the limit box and the bottom plate.

[0023] Preferably, a side baffle is vertically connected to the right side wall of the base plate by bolts, and multiple adjustment rods are connected between the side baffle and the rear side wall of the limit box. One end of the adjustment rod is fixedly connected to the rear side wall of the limit box, and the other end passes through the side baffle, and the end is fastened by a nut.

[0024] Preferably, an L-shaped fixing plate is vertically connected to the outer wall of the top corner of the base plate located on the force-applying end side of the lever arm through bolts, the bottom of the first side plate of the L-shaped fixing plate is fixed to one side wall of the base plate through bolts, the cylinder is mounted on the first side plate of the L-shaped fixing plate through bolts, and a second through hole matching the cylinder piston rod is provided on the first side plate higher than the base plate, and the piston rod of the cylinder is connected to the cylinder top block after passing through the second through hole.

[0025] Preferably, the bottoms of the first side plate and the second side plate of the L-shaped fixing plate are lower than the bottom of the base plate, and the bottom edge of the base plate is fixedly connected to a plurality of base plate supporting legs at the same height as the L-shaped fixing plate below the bottom of the base plate.

[0026] Preferably, the limit box is made of tungsten-cobalt hard alloy YG8, and a preload spring and a plurality of parallel ribs are installed inside the limit box, and the preload spring is embedded in the spacing cavity between two adjacent parallel ribs.

[0027] The present invention provides a deep groove ball bearing assembly device, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] (1) The deep groove ball bearing assembly device of the present invention utilizes the controllable elastic deformation of the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing, and squeezes the center of the bearing through the lever mechanism, so that the outer ring of the bearing undergoes elastic deformation to temporarily expand the groove, allowing the steel ball to fall freely, avoiding the problem of steel ball scratches caused by the traditional forced pressing method. At the same time, the design of cylinder thrust amplification by lever ratio is adopted to achieve precise force application under low energy consumption, ensure that the outer ring of the bearing is within the elastic deformation range, avoid plastic deformation, ensure that the vibration value, rotation flexibility and other performance of the bearing are not affected, and effectively improve the assembly efficiency of the deep groove ball bearing.

[0029] (2) The deep groove ball bearing assembly device of the present invention, combined with lever mechanical amplification, elastic limit and pneumatic control, solves the quality and efficiency bottlenecks in the deep groove ball bearing assembly process. Through the precise regulation of elastic deformation, it not only improves the technological advancement, but also significantly reduces the production cost. In addition, the structure of the device is easy to integrate and operate, and has a clear industrialization path, providing the bearing manufacturing industry with a standardized and intelligent process upgrade solution that is both economical and engineering practical. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a top view of the structure;

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a bottom view of the structure;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a deep groove ball bearing, a processed product of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a right view;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the deep groove ball bearing assembly ball-inserting device of the present invention in a working state.

[0036] In the figure: 1. base plate, 2. lever mechanism, 3. slide rail mechanism, 4. limit mechanism, 5. cylinder, 6. deep groove ball bearing placement area, 7. cylinder top block, 8. L-shaped fixing plate, 9. hexagon socket head screw, 10. threaded hole, 11. base plate support leg, 12. mounting groove, 13. mounting plate, 14. deep groove ball bearing, 201. lever arm, 202. fixed support seat, 203. positioning pin, 204. first push column, 205. second push column, 301. slide rail base, 302. sliding body, 401. limit box, 402. side baffle, 403. transverse slot, 404. adjustment rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0038] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] See also Figure 1-6 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0040] like Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, the deep groove ball bearing assembly device provided by the present invention includes a base plate 1 and an outer ring deformation boosting mechanism, and the outer ring deformation boosting mechanism includes a cylinder drive mechanism, a lever mechanism 2, a slide rail mechanism 3 and a limit mechanism 4 arranged on the base plate 1. The area on the base plate 1 between the slide rail mechanism 3 and the limit mechanism 4 is the deep groove ball bearing placement area 6, and the deep groove ball bearing 14 is fixed and limited in this area and receives force to complete the assembly of the steel ball. The moving centers of the slide rail mechanism 3 and the limit mechanism 4, as well as the central axis of the deep groove ball bearing placement area 6 are located on the same axis, ensuring that the force direction is consistent with the deformation force direction of the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing 14, avoiding eccentric load or local stress concentration, and improving assembly accuracy. The working end of the lever mechanism 2 is connected to the front end of the sliding body 302 of the slide rail mechanism 3. The cylinder drive mechanism provides a first radial thrust to the slide rail mechanism 3 through the lever mechanism 2. Under the action of the first radial thrust of the lever mechanism 2, the slide rail mechanism 3 and the limit mechanism 4 pressurize the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing on the deep groove ball bearing placement area 6 to cause it to deform elastically. At the same time, the limit mechanism 4 constrains the radial deformation range of the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing to prevent plastic deformation. It is necessary to ensure that the strain ε<the material yield limit ε y .

[0041] The lever mechanism 2 includes a fixed support seat and a lever arm 201. The fixed support seat is fixed on the base plate 1. One end of the lever arm 201 is hinged to the fixed support seat through a positioning pin 203, and the lever arm 201 can rotate around the fulcrum provided by the positioning pin 203; the force-applying end and the working end of the lever arm 201 are respectively arranged on both sides of the lever arm 201, and the distance from the force-applying end of the lever arm 201 to the fulcrum is greater than the distance from the working end of the lever arm 201 to the fulcrum; the working end and the force-applying end of the lever arm 201 are respectively fixed with a first push column 204 and a second push column 205, the piston rod of the cylinder 5 of the cylinder drive mechanism is connected to the second push column 205 of the lever arm 201, and the front end of the sliding body 302 of the slide rail mechanism 3 is connected to the first push column 204.

[0042] The positioning pin 203 is used as the fulcrum of the lever mechanism 2 and is installed on the bottom plate 1 by bolts; the end of the piston rod of the cylinder 5 of the cylinder drive mechanism is connected to the cylinder top block 7, and the piston rod of the cylinder 5 is connected to the second push column 205 through the cylinder top block 7. In the lever mechanism 2, the ratio of the applied force to the output force corresponding to the force application end and the working end on the lever arm 201 is 1:3-5.

[0043] The cylinder 5 is used as a power source, specifically pneumatic pressure control: the cylinder 5 adopts a pneumatically driven actuator cylinder, which is provided with a low-pressure pneumatic actuator, and its working pressure is less than or equal to 0.5MPa.

[0044] When the output end of the piston rod of the cylinder 5 extends out, the piston rod will drive the cylinder top block 7 to push the second push column 205. Since the second push column 205 is fixedly connected to the force-applying end of the lever arm 201, the thrust of the cylinder 5 will be transmitted to the first push rod 204 at the working end of the lever arm 201 through the second push column 205, pushing the slide rail mechanism 3 on its right side. Under the action of the first radial thrust of the lever mechanism 2, the slide rail mechanism 3 and the limit mechanism 4 pressurize the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing on the deep groove ball bearing placement area 6 to cause it to elastically deform.

[0045] The deep groove ball bearing assembly device of the present invention utilizes the controllable elastic deformation of the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing 14, and precisely squeezes the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing 14 along the axis through the lever mechanism 2, and the limit mechanism 4 limits and fixes the deep groove ball bearing 14, ensuring that the deformation of the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing 14 is within a reasonable range, so that the outer ring of the bearing undergoes elastic deformation to temporarily expand the groove, so that the steel ball can fall freely, avoiding the problem of steel ball scratches caused by the traditional forced pressing method. At the same time, the design of amplifying the thrust of the cylinder 5 by the lever ratio is adopted to achieve precise force application under low energy consumption, ensure that the outer ring of the bearing is within the elastic deformation range, avoid plastic deformation, ensure that the vibration value, rotation flexibility and other performance of the bearing are not affected, and effectively improve the assembly efficiency of the deep groove ball bearing.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, an L-shaped fixing plate 8 is vertically connected to the outer wall of the top corner of the bottom plate 1 located on the force-applying end side of the lever arm 201 by bolts, which is used to support and fix the cylinder 5. The bottom of the first side plate of the L-shaped fixing plate 8 is fixed to a side wall of the bottom plate 1 by bolts, and the cylinder 5 is installed on the first side plate of the L-shaped fixing plate 8 by bolts. A second through hole matching the piston rod of the cylinder 5 is provided on the first side plate higher than the bottom plate 1, and the piston rod of the cylinder 5 is connected to the cylinder top block 7 after passing through the second through hole. It ensures that the cylinder 5 will not shake or deflect during operation, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the device. The design of the L-shaped fixing plate 8 can also reduce the reaction impact caused by the cylinder 5. It is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 1 by bolts, and the reaction impact force it bears is dispersed to various parts of the L-shaped fixing plate 8, thereby enhancing the impact resistance of the bottom plate 1 in the force-bearing area. The bottoms of the first side plate and the second side plate of the L-shaped fixing plate 8 are both lower than the bottom of the bottom plate 1, and the bottom edge of the bottom plate 1 is fixedly connected with a plurality of bottom plate support legs 11 at the same height as the L-shaped fixing plate 8 below the bottom of the bottom plate 1, which are used to support the balance of the assembled ball set device and ensure the stability of the device.

[0047] The slide rail mechanism 3 is an integral linear guide rail, which includes a slide rail base 301 and a sliding body 302. The upper surface of the slide rail base 301 is recessed inwardly and is provided with a linear guide rail groove that matches the sliding body 302. The sliding body 302 is embedded in the groove of the slide rail base 301 and can move with the slide rail base 301. A square mounting groove 12 is opened on the bottom plate 1 below the slide rail mechanism 3. A mounting plate 13 that spans the mounting groove 12 is installed on the lower surface of the bottom plate 1 below the mounting groove 12. The upper and lower ends of the mounting plate 13 are respectively installed on the bottom of the bottom plate 1 by bolts. ; The length of the mounting plate 13 is greater than the width of the mounting slot 12. A horizontal first linear slide groove is provided on the upper surface of the mounting plate 13. A first direct slide rail matching the linear slide groove is also provided at the bottom of the slide rail base 301. The bottom of the slide rail base 301 is installed in the mounting slot 12. The length of the slide rail base 301 is less than the length of the mounting slot 12. The slide rail base 301 is tightly connected to the bottom plate 1 by a reset spring on the side close to the first push column 204. The bottom height of the sliding body 302 is greater than the bottom plate 1. The length of the sliding body 302 is greater than the length of the mounting slot 12. Both ends of the sliding body 302 extend out of the front and rear sides of the mounting slot 12. The width of the slide rail base 301 matches the width of the mounting slot 12. Both sides of the slide rail base 301 are slidably connected in the second linear slide grooves on the inner walls of both sides of the mounting slot 12 through the second slide rail. The slide rail base 301 is installed on the mounting plate 13 by bolts. With this structural design, one end of the sliding body 302 abuts against the first push rod 204 at the power input end of the lever arm 201, and the other end abuts against the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing 14, so that the first radial thrust transmitted by the power input end of the lever arm 201 can be accurately and smoothly applied to the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing 14.

[0048] The limiting mechanism 4 includes a limiting box 401 with a vertical limiting side wall on the front side, a side baffle 402 and an adjusting rod 404. The middle of the limiting box 401 is provided with two rows of relatively parallel transverse slots 403. The limiting box 401 can be installed on the base 1 along the central axis of the slide rail mechanism 3. The bottom plate 1 located below the limiting mechanism 4 is provided with a threaded hole 10 that matches the structure of the transverse slot 403. The hexagon socket head cap screw 9 and the bottom locking nut are passed through the transverse slot 403 and the corresponding threaded hole 10 in sequence. The outer diameter of the hexagon socket head cap screw 9 is greater than the width of the transverse slot 403, so as to achieve the fastening and position adjustment between the limiting box 401 and the bottom plate 1. The limiting mechanism 4 is fixed to the bottom plate 1 by bolts, which further enhances the stability of the device; and the multiple threaded holes 10 on the base 1 cooperate with the transverse slot 403, so that the position of the limiting mechanism 4 can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual needs to adjust the size, thereby adapting to the assembly requirements of bearings of different specifications.

[0049] A side baffle 402 is vertically connected to the right side wall of the bottom plate 1 through bolts, and a plurality of adjustment rods 404 are connected between the side baffle 402 and the rear side wall of the limit box 401. One end of the adjustment rod 404 is fixedly connected to the rear side wall of the limit box 401, and the other end thereof penetrates the side baffle 402, and the end thereof is fastened and connected through a nut. By adjusting the tightness of the nut, the position of the limit mechanism 4 can be fine-tuned, thereby controlling the range of motion of the sliding body 302, ensuring that bearings of different specifications can be assembled within the range of deformation control; at the same time, the design of the side baffle 402 and the adjustment rod 404 enhances the stability of the limit mechanism 4, ensuring that high precision and high efficiency can be maintained in long-term use.

[0050] The limit box 401 is made of tungsten-cobalt hard alloy YG8, and a preload spring and a plurality of parallel ribs are installed inside it. The preload spring is embedded in the spacer cavity between two adjacent parallel ribs. The limit box 401 of the limit mechanism 4 adopts a hard alloy limit block and a preload spring to compensate for the tolerance; limit the radial deformation range of the outer ring of the bearing, avoid plastic deformation, prevent local stress concentration, ensure uniform deformation and no plastic deformation. Tungsten-cobalt hard alloy has extremely high hardness and wear resistance, and can withstand the pressure and friction generated by the outer ring of the bearing during the force application process, and avoid the failure of the limit mechanism 4 due to wear or deformation; there are a plurality of parallel ribs inside it, and the design of the ribs enhances the rigidity of the limit mechanism 4, which can effectively limit the radial deformation range of the outer ring of the bearing, and ensure that the deformation is controlled within the elastic deformation range; the plurality of parallel ribs arranged inside can evenly distribute the force to the entire contact surface of the limit mechanism 4, avoid local stress concentration, ensure uniform deformation of the outer ring of the bearing, and avoid plastic deformation. The spacing between the ribs is less than or equal to 150 mm, and the inner diameter range of the adapted deep groove ball bearing 14 is 20-120 mm.

[0051] The deep groove ball bearing assembly ball-setting device of the present invention is specifically used during:

[0052] like Figure 4-Figure 6 As shown, the deep groove ball bearing 14 is placed in the deep groove ball bearing placement area 6, and the position of the limit mechanism 4 is accurately adjusted according to the actual bearing size and the required size of the steel ball to be filled. After the adjustment is completed, the deep groove ball bearing 12 is limited and fixed. The cylinder 5 is used as a power source, and the output thrust is transmitted to the force-applying end (working end) of the lever arm 201 through the cylinder top block 7. The lever arm 201 accurately amplifies the thrust of the cylinder 5 through the lever ratio of 3-5:1, and realizes the precise force control of the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing 14, saving time and labor, and significantly improving the processing efficiency.

[0053] When the lever arm 201 rotates around the positioning pin 203 under the drive of the cylinder 5, the force input end of the lever arm 201 pushes the first push rod 204, and accurately transmits the amplified force to the sliding body 302 of the slide rail mechanism 3. When the first push rod 204 pushes the sliding body 302, the sliding body 302 slides along the side wall track of the slide rail base 301. The sliding of the sliding body 302 applies the force transmitted by the lever arm 201 to the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing 14, causing it to undergo controllable elastic deformation. The controllable elastic deformation range of the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing 14 is about 0.1-0.3mm, temporarily expanding the steel ball groove. The lever mechanism 2 amplifies the thrust of the cylinder 5 by accurately controlling the lever ratio of the thrust amplification, converting the smaller cylinder thrust into a larger force, and realizing the precise force on the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing 14. The slide rail mechanism 3 applies the force transmitted by the lever arm 201 to the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing 14 smoothly and evenly. The ratio of the output force of the lever mechanism 2 to the applied force is 3-5:1. By accurately controlling the deformation amount, it is effectively avoided that the steel balls are scratched or the outer ring of the bearing is plastically deformed due to forced pressing, which damages the bearing. After the bearing undergoes precise elastic deformation, the steel ball track of the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing 14 becomes larger. After the steel ball groove is expanded, the last few steel balls can be easily placed directly into the steel ball track manually, avoiding the problem of steel ball scratches caused by forced pressing in traditional assembly.

[0054] At the same time, after the cylinder piston rod drives the cylinder top block 7 to shrink and reset, the second push column 205 loses its driving force, and the first push rod 204 also loses its driving force. After the lever arm 201 is reset, the slide rail base 301 is pulled back to its original position by the reset spring, and the sliding body 302 of the slide rail mechanism 3 also returns to its original position with the slide rail base 301. The outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing 14 loses its squeezing force. Since the outer ring of the bearing only undergoes elastic deformation, it can return to its original shape, ensuring that the vibration value, rotation flexibility and other performance of the bearing are not affected. The radial deformation of the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing can be accurately controlled to a repeatability accuracy between -0.02mm and +0.02mm, significantly improving the accuracy and precision of its control force, meeting actual use requirements.

[0055] As shown in Table 1, the present invention compares the manual assembly operation with the deep groove ball bearing assembly ball-fitting device, and the specific comparison results are as follows: Table 1 is a quantitative comparison table of the manual assembly operation and the deep groove ball bearing assembly ball-fitting device.

[0056] Evaluation Metrics Manual Operation Device of the present invention Improvement effect Single set time 45-60 seconds 15-20 seconds Efficiency +67% Steel ball scratch rate 8％-12％ ≤0.5％ Quality +94% Operator skill requirements Senior technician (3 years of experience) General worker (1 day training) Human cost - 50% Production capacity stability (CPK) 1.0-1.2 ≥1.6 Controllability +30% Equipment maintenance frequency Twice a month Once every six months Maintenance cost - 70%

[0057] It can be seen from Table 1 that the deep groove ball bearing assembly balling device of the present invention can greatly improve the work efficiency and ball loading quality of the assembly balling operation compared with manual operation, and greatly reduce the labor and maintenance costs. Therefore, the quality and efficiency of the assembly balling process of the deep groove ball bearing assembly balling device of the present invention are better than those of manual operation.

[0058] In summary, the invention temporarily expands the steel ball groove through controllable elastic deformation of the outer ring, combines lever mechanical amplification and pneumatic control, realizes precise force application under low energy consumption, and fundamentally solves the problems of steel ball scratches and assembly efficiency bottlenecks. The deep groove ball bearing assembly device of the invention has passed the actual test and verification of the prototype, with an average daily production capacity of 1,550 sets, CPK ≥ 1.6, and has both technological advancement, economy and engineering practicality, providing a standardized and intelligent process upgrade solution for the bearing manufacturing industry.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep groove ball bearing assembly device, characterized in that: It comprises a base plate (1) and an outer ring deformation and pressure-increasing mechanism, wherein the outer ring deformation and pressure-increasing mechanism comprises a cylinder driving mechanism, a lever mechanism (2), a slide rail mechanism (3) and a limiting mechanism (4) arranged on the base plate (1); The area on the bottom plate (1) between the slide rail mechanism (3) and the limiting mechanism (4) is a deep groove ball bearing placement area (6), and the moving centers of the slide rail mechanism (3) and the limiting mechanism (4) and the central axis of the deep groove ball bearing placement area (6) are located on the same axis; The working end of the lever mechanism (2) is connected to the front end of the sliding body (302) of the slide rail mechanism (3), and the cylinder drive mechanism provides a first radial thrust to the slide rail mechanism (3) through the lever mechanism (2). Under the action of the first radial thrust of the lever mechanism (2), the slide rail mechanism (3) and the limiting mechanism (4) pressurize the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing on the deep groove ball bearing placement area (6) to cause it to elastically deform. At the same time, the limiting mechanism (4) constrains the radial deformation range of the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing to prevent plastic deformation, ensuring that the strain ε is less than the material yield limit εy.

2. A deep groove ball bearing assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lever mechanism (2) comprises a fixed support seat and a lever arm (201); the fixed support seat is fixedly mounted on the base plate (1); one end of the lever arm (201) is hinged to the fixed support seat via a positioning pin (203); and the lever arm (201) can rotate around a fulcrum provided by the positioning pin (203); The force-applying end and the working end of the lever arm (201) are respectively arranged on two sides of the lever arm (201), and the distance from the force-applying end of the lever arm (201) to the fulcrum is greater than the distance from the working end of the lever arm (201) to the fulcrum; A first push column (204) and a second push column (205) are fixedly connected to the working end and the force-applying end of the lever arm (201), respectively; the piston rod of the cylinder (5) of the cylinder drive mechanism is connected to the second push column (205) of the lever arm (201); and the front end of the sliding body (302) of the slide rail mechanism (3) is connected to the first push column (204).

3. A deep groove ball bearing assembly device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning pin (203) serves as a fulcrum of the lever mechanism (2) and is mounted on the base plate (1) by means of bolts; the end of the piston rod of the cylinder (5) of the cylinder drive mechanism is connected to a cylinder top block (7), and the piston rod of the cylinder (5) is connected to the second push column (205) via the cylinder top block (7); In the lever mechanism (2), the ratio of the applied force to the output force corresponding to the force-applying end and the working end on the lever arm (201) is 1:3-5; The cylinder (5) is a pneumatically driven actuator cylinder provided with a low-pressure pneumatic actuator, and its working pressure is less than or equal to 0.5 MPa.

4. A deep groove ball bearing assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide rail mechanism (3) is an integral linear guide rail, which comprises a slide rail base (301) and a sliding body (302); the upper surface of the slide rail base (301) is inwardly recessed and provided with a linear guide rail groove matching the sliding body (302); the sliding body (302) is embedded in the groove of the slide rail base (301) and can move together with the slide rail base (301); A square mounting groove (12) is provided on the bottom plate (1) below the slide rail mechanism (3); a mounting plate (13) is installed on the bottom surface of the bottom plate (1) below the mounting groove (12) and across the mounting groove (12); the length of the mounting plate (13) is greater than the width of the mounting groove (12); A first transverse linear slide groove is provided on the upper surface of the mounting plate (13), and a first direct slide rail matching the first linear slide groove is also provided at the bottom of the slide rail base (301). The bottom of the slide rail base (301) is installed in the mounting through groove (12), the length of the slide rail base (301) is less than the length of the mounting through groove (12), and the slide rail base (301) on the side close to the first push column (204) is tightly connected to the bottom plate (1) via a return spring; The bottom height of the sliding body (302) is greater than that of the bottom plate (1), the length of the sliding body (302) is greater than the length of the installation slot (12), and both ends thereof extend out of the front and rear sides of the installation slot (12).

5. A deep groove ball bearing assembly device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The width of the slide rail base (301) matches the width of the installation slot (12), and two sides thereof are slidably connected in second linear slide grooves on the inner walls of both sides of the installation slot (12) via second slide rails; The slide rail base (301) is mounted on the mounting plate (13) by means of bolts.

6. A deep groove ball bearing assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (4) comprises a limiting box (401) with a vertical limiting side wall at the front side, a side baffle (402) and an adjusting rod (404), and two rows of relatively parallel transverse slots (403) are provided in the middle of the limiting box (401). The limit box (401) can be installed on the base (1) in a transversely movable manner along the central axis of the slide rail mechanism (3); a threaded hole (10) matching the structure of the transverse slot hole (403) is provided on the bottom plate (1) below the limit mechanism (4); and the hexagon socket head screw (9) and the bottom locking nut are sequentially passed through the transverse slot hole (403) and the corresponding threaded hole (10), wherein the outer diameter of the hexagon socket head screw (9) is larger than the width of the transverse slot hole (403), thereby achieving fastening and position adjustment between the limit box 401 and the bottom plate (1).

7. A deep groove ball bearing assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: A side baffle (402) is vertically connected to the right side wall of the bottom plate (1) via bolts, and a plurality of adjustment rods (404) are connected between the side baffle (402) and the rear side wall of the limit box (401), one end of the adjustment rod (404) is fixedly connected to the rear side wall of the limit box (401), and the other end thereof passes through the side baffle (402), and the end thereof is fastened and connected via a nut.

8. The deep groove ball bearing assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An L-shaped fixing plate (8) is vertically connected to the outer wall of the top corner of the bottom plate (1) located on the force-applying end side of the lever arm (201) by bolts, and the bottom of the first side plate of the L-shaped fixing plate (8) is fixed to a side wall of the bottom plate (1) by bolts. The cylinder (5) is mounted on the first side plate of the L-shaped fixing plate (8) by bolts, and a second through hole matching the piston rod of the cylinder (5) is provided on the first side plate higher than the bottom plate (1), and the piston rod of the cylinder (5) is connected to the cylinder top block (7) after passing through the second through hole.

9. A deep groove ball bearing assembly device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottoms of the first side plate and the second side plate of the L-shaped fixing plate (8) are both lower than the bottom of the bottom plate (1), and a plurality of bottom plate support legs (11) are fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the bottom plate (1) at the same height as the L-shaped fixing plate (8) below the bottom of the bottom plate (1).

10. The deep groove ball bearing assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limit box (401) is made of tungsten-cobalt hard alloy YG8, and is internally provided with a preload spring and a plurality of parallel ribs, wherein the preload spring is embedded in a spacer cavity between two adjacent parallel ribs.

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