Bearing lead screw pair based on duct conjugate meshing and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

A bearing lead screw pair based on a duct conjugate meshing principle is characterized in that the bearing lead screw pair is composed of a lead screw, a bearing and a shell frame of the bearing; according to the principle of the design and manufacturing method, the bearing inner ring is larger than the outer diameter of the lead screw, the bearing is twisted after the bearing inner ring is sleeved with the lead screw, the two side angles of the bearing inner ring are embedded into a lead screw tooth opening and buckled, and the bearing shell frame is of a solid surrounding box structure for fixing the bearing and enabling the bearing and the lead screw to be in a nested button meshing state; according to the transmission method, when a bearing shell frame is fixed, a bearing inner ring synchronously rotates along with a lead screw, meanwhile, through the spiral transmission principle, rotation power of the lead screw is transmitted to the bearing shell frame through the bearing, rotation motion of the lead screw is converted into linear reciprocating motion of the shell frame, and therefore rotation of the lead screw and bearing motion of the shell frame complete work of converting the rotation motion into linear motion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of screw pair manufacturing of spiral transmission, in particular to a principle based on ducted conjugate meshing. Background Art

[0002] As we all know, in the field of mechanical screw manufacturing, there is a consistent understanding that rolling friction is 40% to 60% more efficient than sliding friction. However, there is no precedent for using rolling bearings to replace nuts and directly mesh with screws to achieve transmission functions. The analysis of the three main types of nuts on the market is roughly as follows: ordinary sliding nuts have large wear and low efficiency, which need to be improved; ball nuts have ball return devices and speed limits on rotation, which need to be improved; roller nuts have complex processes, high material requirements, and low cost performance, which need to be improved.

[0003] Real example: In the desktop 3D printers and laser engraving machines of students, linear displacement is still using a lead screw pair with a lead screw and a copper nut. The lead screw and the copper nut are matched as a sliding pair, which has large power consumption and large errors. Why is it still selected in this way now that it is so developed? Let's see if the selection is not a sliding pair but a rolling pair, and if you don't choose a high-priced roller screw, you can choose a relatively cost-effective ball screw pair. Under the condition of choosing the same lead specification of 1mm or 2mm, the purchase price of the trapezoidal sliding pair lead screw and the ball rolling pair lead screw is also several times different. Procurement is a market behavior, which is the reason for focusing on cost-effectiveness, and it is also the main reason why students still use a sliding screw pair with a lead screw and a copper nut. It is guessed that the requirements of students for the lead screw pair should be as follows: 1. High cost-effectiveness; 2. Ability to ensure accuracy; 3. Rolling friction (the best). Cost-effective rolling friction and accuracy are in place. These requirements will not change. For development, for the innovative work of students, to welcome the future, to start new creations? Yes, there is. Innovation determines the future, and design determines cost-effectiveness. The direct meshing transmission solution of lead screw and bearing should be developed for transmission within a certain load, which can also meet the desktop automation requirements of students. At the same time, it will release the advantages of standardized quality control and have cost-effectiveness, which will definitely benefit the world. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to meet the requirements of the students, the present invention provides a new bearing-screw pair based on the principle of ducted conjugate meshing. The ducted conjugate can also be directly understood as the manufacturing principle of nested button-type meshing, which realizes a screw pair with nested button meshing between the bearing and the screw. In plain language, it can also be referred to as "bearing-screw pair".

[0005] "Bearing Screw Pair" In order to achieve the invention purpose of a cost-effective rolling friction screw pair, the technical solution and principle of the present invention are as follows: The duct conjugate meshing principle is a newly organized phrase, and it is necessary to share related concepts first. For example, the concept of duct. In Chinese, duct generally refers to a channel in which flow can go back and forth or a controlled and guided channel that can reciprocate like a flow. In the present invention, it refers to the inner ring hole of the bearing, which is the duct. Generally, the inner ring of the bearing is used to fix the shaft and is not used as a channel. Therefore, it is used to refer to the inner hole of the bearing as a channel, and there is a screw in the middle that can go back and forth like a flow. It is such a simple meaning. For example, the concept of conjugation. In Chinese, it means "appearing in pairs and having a certain connection and symmetry". Speaking of the concept of conjugation in the field of mechanics, in short, it is the corresponding relationship between two objects in a space. If you take a look at the attached Figure 1 , you can quickly understand that the conjugate meshing of the duct means that the duct and the objects in the duct that can go back and forth like the flow have a "paired and certain correlation and symmetry" corresponding meshing relationship. The concept is well stated, and the practical application is simple, in one sentence "the bearing is the nut for the screw".

[0006] The bearing screw pair based on the principle of ducted conjugate meshing is characterized in that the bearing screw pair consists of a screw, a bearing and a frame; the design and manufacturing principles are as follows: the inner ring of the bearing is larger than the outer diameter of the screw, and the bearing is twisted after the inner ring of the bearing is inserted into the screw, so that the two side corners of the inner ring of the bearing are respectively embedded in the thread of the screw and buckled, and the frame with the bearing inside is a solid enclosing box structure that fixes the bearing and keeps it in a nested button meshing state with the screw. The transmission process is as follows: when the frame with the bearing inside is fixed, the inner ring of the bearing rotates synchronously with the screw, and at the same time, through the principle of spiral transmission, the rotational power of the screw is transmitted to the bearing frame through the bearing, converting the rotational motion of the screw into the linear reciprocating motion of the frame, so that the screw rotates and the frame carries the motion to complete the work of converting rotational motion into linear motion. The mechanical manufacturing principles and methods of the bearing screw pair based on the principle of ducted conjugate meshing include the following aspects:

[0007] See attached Figure 1-4 A schematic diagram of the mechanical manufacturing principle and method of a bearing screw pair based on the conjugate meshing principle of a duct. As shown in the figure: the bearing screw pair consists of a screw, a bearing and a housing.

[0008] The present invention includes important inventive manufacturing principle point 1: the prerequisite of the duct conjugate meshing principle is that the inner ring of the bearing is larger than the outer diameter of the screw. Generally, the size of the inner ring of the bearing basically meets two factors: factor one: the intersection angle between the bearing and the screw is about 45° and they are in the conjugate meshing state at the same time. Of course, the intersection angle of 45° is an approximate data, and there can also be a tolerance adjustment space position of +3° or +5°. After wear in operation, the intersection angle is adjusted to be smaller by clamping to eliminate the gap between the screw and the bearing; factor two: the screw lead must meet the fixed diameter of the bearing inner hole at an integral multiple of the oblique length at an intersection angle of about 45° to ensure the reasonable realization of the nested button meshing, that is, the bearing inner hole is fixed in size, and the screw lead size must be adjusted to match, which is one case; or the bearing inner hole diameter must meet the lead of the screw with a fixed lead at an integral multiple of the oblique length of the two contact points in the meshing state at an intersection angle of about 45°; that is, the screw lead is fixed in size first, and if it needs to be matched, the bearing inner hole size can only be adjusted accordingly to meet the meshing conditions, which is another case.

[0009] The present invention includes the important invention manufacturing principle point 2: the shell frame has two precision specifications, and two structural modes are adopted respectively, one is an integrated shell frame, and the other is a split assembled shell frame with adjustable gap. The shell frame is a solid enclosing box structure that fixes the bearing and keeps it in a nested button meshing state with the lead screw. The integrated shell frame is easy to understand, it is a solid enclosing box structure in an integral state. The adjustable gap assembled shell frame is a split type, the bearing shell and the connecting bracket are two parts, the two parts are connected and assembled with adjustable screws, and the intersection angle of the bearing and the lead screw is adjustable, so as to achieve the function of eliminating the gap between the bearing and the lead screw. The two shell frames each have their own advantages. The integrated type is sturdy and reliable, simple to install, and easy to use, but the bearing and the lead screw must be replaced in time after wear to ensure accuracy; the split type is just the opposite. In addition to the adjustable gap to ensure accuracy, the cost performance may be slightly lower. After the bearing and the shell frame are assembled, they are the nut of the lead screw, and after the nut and the lead screw are assembled, they are the bearing lead screw pair.

[0010] The present invention includes important invention manufacturing principle point 3: no matter what kind of screw, trapezoidal screw, ball screw, roller screw, whether single-line or multi-line, the nested button meshing mode of the bearing and the screw is similar. After referring to the schematic diagram of the specification, it is clear to the personnel in this professional field.

[0011] The present invention includes important invention manufacturing principle point 4: the bearing screw pair nut can be a single bearing or two or more bearings, with axially superimposed combined bearings, and the design improves the nut load-bearing capacity. Based on the different lead angles of single-wire screws and multi-wire screws, in order to meet the basic requirements of the overlap of the engagement characteristics, in general, the engagement points of single-wire screws are arranged at symmetrical positions on the axial centerline of the duct, while the engagement points of multi-wire screws are arranged at symmetrical positions on both sides of the eccentric centerline of the duct. The difference is that in the case of multi-bearing combined nuts, the nut bearings of the single-wire screw are arranged as a line in a coaxial state, while the nut bearings of the multi-wire screw are arranged longitudinally to look like parallel lines. This is a basic method requirement for meeting the pre-prerequisites for engagement, and is also a reasonable method for arranging engagement points.

[0012] The present invention includes important invention manufacturing principle point 5: the adjustable gap assembled shell frame has a gap anti-loosening design, which can only be designed as a split type. The bearing shell and the adapter bracket are two split parts. The two parts are fixed with connecting screws for convenient and flexible adjustment. The intersection angle of the bearing and the lead screw can be adjusted to a small value, thereby eliminating the adjustment of the gap between the bearing and the lead screw. In order to prevent the adjustment gap from loosening, a countersunk screw hole is opened on the large plane of the bracket, and a set screw is installed to tighten the bearing shell from the bottom of the large plane of the bracket to play a fixed and anti-loosening function.

[0013] The present invention contains important invention manufacturing principle advantages 1: bearing is nut, nut is bearing, bearing screw nut is convenient and reliable, no additional major design breakthroughs are required. Under the condition of ensuring accuracy requirements, it is applied to automated machines or instruments within a certain load range, easy to repair and replace, and the accessories channel is standard and reliable, which has the advantage of reducing cost operation.

[0014] The present invention includes important invention manufacturing principle advantage 2: in the bearing screw pair, the conjugate meshing points of the bearing inner ring duct and the screw teeth are distributed in two different force-bearing sections in the axial direction of the screw, improving the force structure and dispersing the force transmission area to eliminate the risk of root shear caused by the same cross-section force on the screw teeth, which is extremely important to delay material fatigue. Therefore, it will definitely have the effect of extending the life cycle of the screw pair.

[0015] The present invention includes important invention manufacturing principle advantage 3: in the bearing screw pair, the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing create a similar effect of a rolling ball returner, over and over again. Compared with the catheter ball returner, the ball will never get stuck when the ball goes in and out. The bearing screw pair can be used in an environment with poor working conditions. Unlike the ball screw, the operation is much better in the extreme case of oil shortage of the screw. In fact, the internal balls of the two circles of the bearing still retain some lubricating grease to meet the rolling lubrication of the ball return and produce corresponding beneficial effects.

[0016] By following the above-mentioned principles and methods for the mechanical manufacturing of the bearing screw pair, the original intention of the present invention - the bearing screw pair based on the principle of ducted conjugate meshing - can be achieved, and all the desired superior purposes mentioned above can be realized.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1) Explore the great wisdom of duct conjugation contained in traditional Chinese buttons; reform and innovation bring a new bearing screw pair to make the existing production technology more reasonably matched and more efficient.

[0019] 2) Implement and apply the bearing screw pair based on the principle of ducted conjugate meshing, which is designed as a standard part with a simple structure, great wisdom in simplicity, faster grasp of technical principles, high rolling friction efficiency, high precision in production and use, long life, unimpeded promotion, and wider application.

[0020] 3) At present, when the demand is met and the accuracy is guaranteed, it is applied in instruments and automated machines with a certain load, which has the advantage of reducing cost operation, and is expected to have a significant impact on the economic and social development of my country and even the world. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention has six drawings in total. Among them:

[0022] Attached Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the trapezoidal teeth principle of the bearing screw pair.

[0023] Attached Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the roller tooth principle of the bearing screw pair.

[0024] Attached Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the ball tooth principle of the bearing screw pair.

[0025] Attached Figure 4 and attached Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of an integrated shell frame of a bearing screw pair with two bearings sandwiched and arranged, and a three-dimensional cross-sectional diagram of an integrated shell frame of a bearing screw pair with two bearings.

[0026] Attached Figure 6 , Attachment Figure 7 , Attachment Figure 8 , Attachment Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of an integrated frame of a bearing screw pair with two bearings arranged in parallel, a stereoscopic schematic diagram of a split frame of a bearing screw pair with two bearings arranged in parallel, and a stereoscopic cross-sectional schematic diagram of a split frame of a bearing screw pair with two bearings arranged in parallel.

[0027] Attached Fig.10 , Attachment Fig.11 , Attachment Fig.12 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a power cylinder equipped with a bearing screw pair.

[0028] Attached Fig.13 , Attachment Fig.14 , Attachment Fig.15 This is a three-dimensional and cross-sectional view of the slide module equipped with a self-adjusting clearance bearing screw pair

[0029] In the figure: 1, bearing 2, lead screw 3, bearing shell frame 31, bearing shell 32, adapter bracket 33, double ear bearing frame 34, guide bearing 35, positioning bearing 311, fixing bearing screw 321, set screw 322 in countersunk screw hole, adapter screw hole 323, connecting screw 324, adjustable rotation side hole 325, adjustable angle side hole 326, torsion spring 41, cylinder shell 42, movable rod 5, speed reduction part 6, motor 7, coupling 80, profile 81, end plate 82, slider 83, guide rail DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific implementation modes, but this should not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 1 The example is a schematic diagram of the principle of the trapezoidal teeth of a bearing-screw pair, which is composed of a bearing (1) and a screw with trapezoidal teeth (2).

[0032] Figure 2 The example is a schematic diagram of the roller tooth principle of a bearing-screw pair, which consists of a bearing (1) and a screw with roller triangular teeth (2).

[0033] Figure 3 The example is a schematic diagram of the ball teeth principle of a bearing-screw pair, which is composed of a bearing (1) and a screw (2) with ball arc teeth.

[0034] In the attached Figure 4 and attached Figure 5 Embodiment 1 is shown in the schematic diagram of the bearing screw pair with two bearings arranged in an interlaced manner and the schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-section of the bearing screw pair with two bearings. As shown in the figure: the bearing frame (3) has two interlaced surfaces, each of which has a bearing mounting hole. After the bearing (1) is installed in the hole, it becomes an integrated frame nut. Then, the screw (2) is rotated through the integrated frame nut to form a successfully assembled integrated frame bearing screw pair.

[0035] In the attached Figure 6 , Attachment Figure 7 , Attachment Figure 8 , Attachment Fig. 9 Embodiment 2 is shown in the schematic diagram of the bearing screw pair with two bearings arranged in parallel and one-piece frame, the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the bearing screw pair with two bearings arranged in parallel and the three-dimensional cross-sectional schematic diagram of the bearing screw pair with two bearings arranged in parallel and the split frame, as shown in the figure: the bearing frame (3) is split into a bearing shell (31) and an adapter bracket (32); The top surface of the adapter bracket (32) is provided with an adapter screw hole (322) for fixing an adapter for transmitting linear running power to the outside. The top surface of the adapter bracket (32) is provided with a countersunk screw hole with a set screw (321) for adjusting and fixing the bearing shell (31) and the adapter bracket (32) to limit the distance from the top surface. The side surface of the adapter bracket (32) is provided with an adjustable rotation side hole (324) and an adjustable angle side hole (325). The bearing shell (31) is provided with a bearing installation hole. After the bearing (1) is installed in the hole, it is fixed by a fixing bearing screw (311). The bearings are installed on two parallel arranged holes. After (1), the inner hole of the bearing (1) of the bearing shell (31) passes through the lead screw (2), which is adjusted to a conjugate meshing state based on the duct, and the bearing shell (31) is fixed inside the adapter bracket (32) and the adjustable rotation side hole (324) and the adjustable angle side hole (325) on the side of the adapter bracket (32) by connecting screws (323). After that, the top surface of the adapter bracket (32) is adjusted to have a countersunk screw hole with a set screw (321) to limit the distance between the bearing shell (31) and the top surface of the adapter bracket (32) to be forcibly fixed to a conjugate meshing state based on the duct, and the split shell frame bearing lead screw pair is successfully assembled.

[0036] In the attached Fig.10 , Attachment Fig.11 , Attachment Fig.12 Embodiment 3 is shown in a three-dimensional cross-sectional diagram of a power cylinder equipped with a bearing screw pair. As shown in the figure: a movable rod (42) in a cylinder shell (41) is fixed to a bearing shell frame (3), a bearing (1) is installed in the bearing shell frame (3), the bearing shell frame (3) has a double ear shaft, and a guide bearing (34) on the ear shaft is assembled in a guide groove of the cylinder shell (41). A screw (2) linked to a reduction part (5) penetrates into the inner hole of the bearing (1) in the bearing shell frame (3) to form a conjugate meshing state based on the duct. The cylinder shell (41) is connected to the shell of the reduction part (5), and the shell of the reduction part (5) is then connected to the motor (6). In this way, a power cylinder with a bearing screw pair is successfully assembled.

[0037] Attached Fig.13 , Attachment Fig.14 , Attachment Fig.15The invention is a three-dimensional diagram and a cross-sectional diagram of a slide module equipped with a self-adjusting clearance bearing screw pair, as shown in Example 4. As shown in the figure: a guide rail (83) is installed on the profile (80), a slider (82) is installed on the guide rail (83), end plates (81) are installed at both ends of the profile (80), a motor (6) is installed on one end plate (81), a coupling (7) is installed on the shaft of the motor (6), the coupling (7) is then fixed to the screw (2), the other end of the screw (2) is fixed by the other end plate (81), an adapter bracket (32) is fixed on the slider (82), and the adapter bracket (32) has a double-ear bearing frame (33), a bearing (1) is installed in the double-ear bearing frame (33), the double-ear bearing frame (33) is connected to the adapter bracket (32) through a positioning bearing (35), the inner hole of the bearing (1) passes through the lead screw (2), and through the clamping torque of the double-ear bearing frame (33) and the torsion spring (326) and the adapter bracket (32), the lead screw (2) penetrates into the inner hole of the bearing (1) in the double-ear bearing frame (33) to become a duct-based conjugate meshing state, thus a slide table module of a bearing lead screw pair is successfully assembled.

[0038] The above are only four specific implementation modes of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. All technicians familiar with the technical field shall, within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the concept of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The bearing screw pair based on the ducted conjugate meshing principle is characterized by: The bearing screw pair consists of a screw, a bearing and a frame. The bearing is fixed inside the frame. The screw passes through the inner ring of the bearing and meshes with the bearing for transmission.

2. The bearing screw pair based on the ducted conjugate meshing principle is characterized by: The principle of the design and manufacturing method is that the inner ring of the bearing is larger than the outer diameter of the screw. After the inner ring of the bearing is inserted into the screw, the bearing is twisted so that the two side corners of the inner ring of the bearing are respectively embedded in the screw teeth and buckled. The bearing frame is a solid enclosing box structure that fixes the bearing and keeps it in a nested button-engaging state with the screw.

3. The bearing screw pair based on the ducted conjugate meshing principle is characterized by: The transmission method is that when the bearing frame is fixed, the inner ring of the bearing rotates synchronously with the screw. At the same time, through the principle of spiral transmission, the rotational power of the screw is transmitted to the load-bearing frame through the bearing, and the rotational motion of the screw is converted into linear reciprocating motion of the frame. In this way, the screw rotates and the frame carries the motion to complete the work of converting rotational motion into linear motion.

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