Large-scale culture method for rhinogobio ventralis

Abstract

According to the large-scale rhinogobio ventralis cultivation method, the rhinogobio ventralis is cultivated in stages according to the characteristics of ecological habits, sensitivity to diseases and drugs, self physiological and nutritional requirements and the like of the rhinogobio ventralis in different development stages; according to the method, breeding conditions are manually regulated and controlled in different development stages, bait is adjusted according to the development condition of rhinogobio ventralis, an intensive fry breeding mode which is high in density, fast in growth and healthy in fish body is established, the problems that the survival rate of rhinogobio ventralis breeding is low and the release success rate is low are solved, the breeding scale and breeding efficiency are practically improved, and the economic benefits of the rhinogobio ventralis breeding are improved. The body constitution of the fish is enhanced, and a key technical support is provided for large-scale enhancement and release.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a technology for protecting rare and endemic fish species, and in particular to a method for large-scale cultivation of goby longfin. Background Art

[0002] The long-finned goby (Rhinogobio ventralis) is a species of fish in the Cyprinidae family and genus Rhinogobio. It is found in the main and tributary waters of the Jinsha River in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River and is endemic to the Jinsha River. Once a dominant species and an important commercial fish in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, the long-finned goby has experienced a sharp decline in its wild population due to recent human activities. Consequently, researchers have investigated artificial breeding techniques for the long-finned goby, hoping to restore its wild population through artificial propagation and release. However, the long-finned goby suffers from a series of problems, including a strong stress response, susceptibility to Ichthyophthirius spp., and slow growth and development. These factors result in a low survival rate after release, severely limiting its large-scale cultivation. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a breeding method that can effectively improve the survival rate and release success rate of the long-finned goby, providing technical support for the large-scale release of the species. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a large-scale breeding method for rhinoplastus longifinus. According to the physiological characteristics and ecological habits of rhinoplastus longifinus at different developmental stages, rhinoplastus longifinus is bred in stages, thereby solving the problems of low survival rate and low release success rate of rhinoplastus longifinus.

[0004] The present invention provides a large-scale cultivation method for long-finned goby, which comprises the following steps:

[0005] (1) The fertilized eggs of the long-fin goby are cultured for the first time, and the long-fin goby juveniles are obtained after culturing for 18-21 days;

[0006] The first culture comprises: placing fertilized eggs of the long-finned goby in a first culture pond and culturing them in water at a temperature of 18-20°C for 4-6 hours; first raising the water temperature from 18-20°C to 25-27°C at a heating rate of 2.0-2.5°C / day; second raising the water temperature from 25-27°C to 28-30°C at a heating rate of 0.17-0.28°C / day, and feeding unsegmented newly hatched Artemia larvae as bait during the second heating period;

[0007] (2) The juvenile longfin goby is cultured for a second time, and the juvenile longfin goby is cultured for 30-40 days;

[0008] The second culture comprises: placing juvenile longfin goby in a second culture pond and feeding them mannan oligosaccharides daily; the water in the second culture pond meets the following conditions: the density of bait organisms in the water is 3-4 / mL, the water temperature is 30-31°C, the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the water is less than 0.5 mg / L, and the nitrite concentration in the water is less than 0.1 mg / L;

[0009] (3) The juvenile longfin goby is cultured for a third time, and the longfin goby is cultured for 30-50 days to obtain the longfin goby release-sized fish;

[0010] The third culture includes: placing the juvenile longfin goby in the third culture pond and feeding it with mannan oligosaccharide every day; the water in the third culture pond meets the following conditions: the ultraviolet radiation in the water is ≥1000 mW·s / cm 2 , the water temperature is 28-30℃, and the water flow rate is 0.05-0.3 m / s.

[0011] In the above-mentioned breeding method, in step (1), the unsegmented newly hatched Artemia larvae are obtained by incubating Artemia eggs for 15-20 hours at a water temperature of 25-35°C, a salinity of 3%, and a light intensity of 3000-10000 lux.

[0012] The breeding method as described above, wherein in step (2), the second breeding further comprises: feeding a first feed every day, wherein the first feed meets the following conditions: the mass content of crude protein ≥50%, the mass content of crude fat ≥8%, the mass content of crude fiber ≤5%, the mass content of crude ash ≤18%, the mass content of total phosphorus ≥1.5%, the mass content of lysine ≥3%, the mass content of water ≤10%, and the particle size of the first feed is 0.32-0.42 mm; and / or,

[0013] The total daily feeding amount of manno-oligosaccharides and the first feed is 8-10% of the fish body weight; and / or,

[0014] The daily feeding mass ratio of mannan oligosaccharide and the first feed is (0.2-0.3):100.

[0015] In the above-mentioned aquaculture method, in step (2), the water in the second aquaculture pond is prepared by the following steps:

[0016] Add feed to the water; after the feed is completely dissolved, add microalgae, Bacillus and multivitamins to the water; wait for 4-5 days to obtain fertilized water;

[0017] Mix the fertilizer water and river water in a volume ratio of 1: (15-25), wait for 10-12 days, and obtain the water for the second breeding pond.

[0018] The breeding method as described above, wherein the feed meets the following conditions: the mass content of crude protein ≥42%, the mass content of crude fat ≥10%, the mass content of crude fiber ≤8%, the mass content of crude ash ≤20%, the mass content of total phosphorus ≥2%, the mass content of lysine ≥3%, and the mass content of water ≤12%.

[0019] The above-mentioned cultivation method, wherein the amount of microalgae added is 8000-12000 cells / mL; and / or,

[0020] The addition amount of Bacillus is 800-1200 g / m 3 and / or,

[0021] The amount of multivitamins added is 400-800 g / m 3 .

[0022] The cultivation method as described above, wherein, by number, the microalgae are composed of 70% Chlorella and 30% diatoms; and / or,

[0023] The Bacillus consists of 60 wt% of Bacillus subtilis and 40 wt% of Bacillus licheniformis by mass; and / or

[0024] Multivitamins include 10,000-20,000 IU / g of vitamin A, 3,000-5,000 IU / g of vitamin D, 100-200 mg / g of vitamin E, 5-20 mg / g of vitamin B1, 5-20 mg / g of vitamin B2, 5-10 mg / g of vitamin B6, 0.01-0.1 mg / g of vitamin B12, 300-500 mg / g of vitamin C, 5-10 mg / g of vitamin K, 5-10 mg / g of folic acid, 30-50 mg / g of pantothenic acid, 50-100 mg / g of niacinamide, and 0.5-1 mg / g of biotin.

[0025] The breeding method as described above, wherein in step (3), the third breeding further comprises: feeding a second feed every day, wherein the second feed meets the following conditions: a crude protein content of ≥48% by mass, a crude fat content of ≥10% by mass, a crude fiber content of ≤5% by mass, a crude ash content of ≤18% by mass, a total phosphorus content of ≥2% by mass, a lysine content of ≥3% by mass, and a moisture content of ≤12% by mass, and the particle size of the second feed is 0.42-0.62 mm;

[0026] The total daily feeding amount of manno-oligosaccharide and the second feed is 4-6% of the fish body weight;

[0027] The daily feeding mass ratio of mannan oligosaccharide and the second feed is (0.2-0.3):100.

[0028] The breeding method as described above, wherein step (3) further comprises: in the third breeding, eliminating weak seedlings every 10 days;

[0029] Weak seedling elimination includes: introducing juvenile snakehead fish into the third culture pond and using partitions to separate the juvenile snakehead fish from the juvenile longfin goby; the partitions include a first partition and a second partition, the first partition having a plurality of holes with a diameter of 3-5 mm, with a spacing of 0.5 cm between adjacent holes; the second partition having a plurality of holes with a diameter of 7-9 mm, with a spacing of 1 cm between adjacent holes; the first partition is closer to the juvenile longfin goby than the second partition;

[0030] The water flow rate is controlled at 0.3 m / s, and the first partition is removed. The weak seedlings among the long-fin goby fry are preyed upon by the black snakehead fry through the circular holes with a diameter of 7-9 mm, thereby eliminating the weak seedlings.

[0031] The above-mentioned breeding method, wherein in step (1), the density of the fertilized eggs of the long-finned goby is 4500-6000 eggs / m 3 and / or,

[0032] In step (2), the second culture meets the following conditions: the initial culture density of juvenile longfin goby is 8000-10000 / m 3 After 15-20 days, the stocking density of juvenile longfin goby is 4000-5000 / m 3 and / or,

[0033] In step (3), the third culture meets the following conditions: the culture density of juvenile longfin goby is 1000-3000 fish / m 3 .

[0034] The present invention provides a large-scale breeding method for rhinoceros goby. The present invention implements staged breeding for rhinoceros goby according to the ecological habits of rhinoceros goby at different developmental stages, the sensitivity to diseases and drugs, and the physiological and nutritional requirements of rhinoceros goby. By artificially regulating breeding conditions at different developmental stages and adjusting feed according to the development of rhinoceros goby, an intensive breeding model for seedlings with high density, fast growth and healthy fish is established, which solves the problems of low survival rate and low release success rate of rhinoceros goby breeding, effectively improves the breeding scale and breeding efficiency, enhances the physique of fish, and provides key technical support for large-scale reproduction and release. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second breeding system in Example 1;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the third breeding system in Example 1;

[0037] Figure 3 It is the concentric circular groove structure at the bottom of the third breeding pond in Example 1;

[0038] Figure 4 It is the concentric circle small pool structure in Example 1.

[0039] Description of reference numerals:

[0040] 1: Greenhouse;

[0041] 2: Steel frame structure;

[0042] 3: Plastic film;

[0043] 4: Ecological pond;

[0044] 5: Water pump;

[0045] 6: Water inlet pipe;

[0046] 7: Second breeding pond;

[0047] 8: Drainage pipe;

[0048] 9: Rolling machine;

[0049] 10: ground;

[0050] 11: The third breeding pond;

[0051] 12: concentric circle pond;

[0052] 13: Water inlet main

[0053] 14: middle pipe;

[0054] 15: Drainage main;

[0055] 16: Partition pool;

[0056] 17: UV lamp;

[0057] 18: Catchment pool;

[0058] 19: overflow weir;

[0059] 20: Temperature control system;

[0060] 21: Water inlet pipe of temperature control system;

[0061] 22: Water outlet pipe of temperature control system;

[0062] 23: outer groove;

[0063] 24: Inner groove.

[0064] 25: Outer pool;

[0065] 26: Inner pool. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below. The specific embodiments listed below are only for describing the principles and features of the present invention. The examples are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0067] In order to effectively improve the survival rate and release success rate of long-fin goby in aquaculture, and further provide technical support for the large-scale release of long-fin goby, the present invention provides a large-scale cultivation method of long-fin goby, comprising the following steps:

[0068] (1) The fertilized eggs of the long-fin goby are cultured for the first time, and the long-fin goby juveniles are obtained after culturing for 18-21 days;

[0069] The first culture comprises: placing fertilized eggs of the long-finned goby in a first culture pond and culturing them in water at a temperature of 18-20°C for 4-6 hours; first raising the water temperature from 18-20°C to 25-27°C at a heating rate of 2.0-2.5°C / day; second raising the water temperature from 25-27°C to 28-30°C at a heating rate of 0.17-0.28°C / day, and feeding unsegmented newly hatched Artemia larvae as bait during the second heating period;

[0070] (2) The juvenile longfin goby is cultured for a second time, and the juvenile longfin goby is cultured for 30-40 days;

[0071] The second culture comprises: placing juvenile longfin goby in a second culture pond and feeding them mannan oligosaccharides daily; the water in the second culture pond meets the following conditions: the density of bait organisms in the water is 3-4 / mL, the water temperature is 30-31°C, the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the water is less than 0.5 mg / L, and the nitrite concentration in the water is less than 0.1 mg / L;

[0072] (3) The juvenile longfin goby is cultured for a third time, and the longfin goby is cultured for 30-50 days to obtain the longfin goby release-sized fish;

[0073] The third culture includes: placing the juvenile longfin goby in the third culture pond and feeding it with mannan oligosaccharide every day; the water in the third culture pond meets the following conditions: the ultraviolet radiation in the water is ≥1000 mW·s / cm 2 , the water temperature is 28-30℃, and the water flow rate is 0.05-0.3 m / s.

[0074] The present invention implements staged breeding of long-fin goby based on the ecological habits of long-fin goby at different developmental stages, sensitivity to diseases and drugs, and its own physiological and nutritional needs. By artificially regulating breeding conditions at different developmental stages and adjusting bait according to the development of long-fin goby, an intensive breeding model for seedlings with high density, fast growth and healthy fish is established, which solves the problems of low survival rate and low release success rate of long-fin goby breeding, effectively improves the breeding scale and breeding efficiency, enhances the physique of the fish, and provides key technical support for large-scale reproduction and release.

[0075] In the breeding method, the fertilized eggs of the long-fin goby are firstly subjected to a first breeding, and the long-fin goby juveniles are obtained by breeding for 18-21 days, wherein the first breeding comprises: placing the fertilized eggs of the long-fin goby in a first breeding pond, and breeding them in a water temperature of 18-20°C for 4-6 hours; raising the water temperature from 18-20°C to 25-27°C at a heating rate of 2.0-2.5°C / day; raising the water temperature from 25-27°C to 28-30°C at a heating rate of 0.17-0.28°C / day, and feeding the unsegmented newly hatched larvae of Artemia as bait in the second heating stage.

[0076] For example and not limitation, the first breeding pond can be a circular pond with a diameter of 4 m and a depth of 1 m. Before placing the fertilized eggs of the long-finned goby in the first breeding pond for breeding, Jinsha River water can be added to the first breeding pond until the water level reaches 80 cm and then the water inlet is closed, thereby providing a hatching environment for the fertilized eggs of the long-finned goby. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the water temperature of the first breeding pond is 18°C-20°C, which is the suitable water temperature for hatching the fertilized eggs of the long-finned goby. In addition, the aeration and oxygenation equipment of the first breeding pond can be turned on to make the dissolved oxygen content in the first breeding pond ≥6 mg / L, which can further ensure the healthy growth of the long-finned goby.

[0077] In the present invention, there are benefits in using fertilized eggs of long-fin goby for breeding. The egg membrane of the fertilized eggs of long-fin goby can effectively protect the embryo, thereby avoiding the risk of transfer damage or even death. In existing breeding methods, newly hatched fry of long-fin goby are often selected for breeding. However, newly hatched fry of long-fin goby have shortcomings such as strong stress response and slow growth and development, and are easily subject to transfer damage and death. Therefore, the present invention uses fertilized eggs of long-fin goby for breeding, which can greatly improve the survival rate of newly hatched fry and effectively save breeding costs. Furthermore, the fertilized eggs of long-fin goby of the present invention can be fertilized eggs of long-fin goby that have developed to the embryonic stage.

[0078] After fertilized eggs of long-finned goby are placed in a first culture pond and cultured for 4-6 hours, the eggs will hatch and rupture the membrane, resulting in newly hatched larvae. Next, the heating equipment in the first culture pond is activated, raising the water temperature from 18-20°C to 25-27°C at a rate of 2.0-2.5°C / day. Controlling the rate of this initial heating process accelerates digestion and absorption of the yolk sac by the newly hatched larvae, increases their growth rate, and encourages them to start feeding sooner. This step shortens the 5-6 days required for complete digestion and absorption of the yolk sac in the prior art to just 3 days. Furthermore, increasing the growth rate of newly hatched larvae can shorten the life cycle of the Ichthyophthirius spp., thereby shortening the trophozoite period and encouraging its early exit from the fish body. This effectively reduces damage to the fish caused by the trophozoites and ultimately improves the survival rate of newly hatched larvae.

[0079] When the water temperature rises to 25-27°C and the yolk sac of the newly hatched fry is completely digested and absorbed, the water temperature of the first breeding pond can be raised from 25-27°C to 28-30°C at a rate of 0.17-0.28°C / day for a second time. During the second heating period, it is necessary to feed newly hatched Artemia nauplii as bait every day. The present invention abandons the traditional method of feeding freshwater bait organisms, such as rotifers and cladoceran plankton, and instead feeds newly hatched Artemia nauplii. Newly hatched Artemia nauplii live under conditions of relatively high water temperature, low salinity, and sufficient light, and will not carry Ichthyophthirius spp. Therefore, feeding newly hatched Artemia nauplii can reduce the probability of bringing Ichthyophthirius cysts and larvae into the first breeding pond, thereby greatly reducing the probability of Ichthyophthirius spp. outbreaks at this stage. Furthermore, the fish can be fed with unsegmented newly hatched larvae four times a day, and the density of unsegmented newly hatched larvae in the water body is maintained at ≥10 / mL. By controlling the density of unsegmented newly hatched larvae in the water body, the nutritional needs necessary for fish growth can be fully met.

[0080] After obtaining the longfin goby juveniles, the longfin goby juveniles can be subjected to a second culture, and the longfin goby juveniles can be obtained after 30-40 days of culture. The second culture comprises: placing the longfin goby juveniles in a second culture pond and feeding them mannan oligosaccharides every day; the water in the second culture pond meets the following conditions: the density of bait organisms in the water is 3-4 / mL, the water temperature is 30-31°C, the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the water is less than 0.5 mg / L, and the nitrite concentration in the water is less than 0.1 mg / L.

[0081] By way of example and not limitation, the second culture can be achieved by a second culture system such as Figure 1As shown, the system includes a greenhouse 1, an ecological pond 4, and a farming system. Greenhouse 1 is 60 m long, 6 m wide, and 3 m high at its highest point. It consists of a steel frame 2, plastic film 3, and a roller shutter 9. The steel frame 2 is 60 m long, 6 m wide, and 3 m high at its highest point. The plastic film 3 is attached to the steel frame 2. The roller shutter 9 can roll up and down the plastic film 3 between the steel frames, which are perpendicular to the ground. The ecological pond 4 is a 55 m long, 5.5 m wide, and 1.2 m deep cement pool located below ground level. Greenhouse 1 is located above the ecological pond 4. The breeding system consists of a water pump 5, a water inlet pipe 6, a drainage pipe 8 and a second breeding pond 7; the second breeding pond 7 is composed of several secondary series breeding ponds in parallel. In a specific embodiment, the secondary series breeding pond has two levels, the primary breeding pond and the secondary breeding pond are circular ponds with a diameter of 1 m and a bottom and edge made of PP material, wherein the primary breeding pond is 1.2 m high and 0.6 m deep, and the secondary breeding pond is 0.8 m high and 0.6 m deep; the primary breeding pond and the secondary breeding pond contain an intermediate station pipe with a 60-mesh screen in the intermediate station pipe. The intermediate station pipe of the primary breeding pond is connected in series with the secondary breeding pond through a PVC pipe with a diameter of 7.5 cm, and the intermediate station pipe of the secondary breeding pond is connected to the drainage pipe 8; the drainage pipe 8 is a 11 cm diameter PVC pipe. A PVC pipe with a diameter of cm is formed, one end of which forms several pipe branches respectively connected to the secondary breeding pools in the several secondary series breeding pools, and the other end is connected to the ecological pool 4; the water inlet pipe 6 is a PVC pipe with a diameter of 5 cm, one end of which forms several pipe branches respectively connected to the primary breeding pools in the several secondary series breeding pools, and the other end is connected to the ecological pool 4; starting the water pump 5 can drive the water to flow from the ecological pool 4 through the water inlet pipe 6 to the secondary series breeding pools, and then flow back to the ecological pool 4 through the drainage pipe 8.

[0082] use Figure 1 When the second aquaculture system shown is performing the second aquaculture, since the second aquaculture pond 7 is connected to the ecological pond 4, the bait organism density, water temperature, water ammonia nitrogen concentration and water nitrite concentration of the ecological pond 4 can be controlled to control the bait organism density, water temperature and water ammonia nitrogen concentration of the second aquaculture pond 7, thereby ensuring that the environmental conditions of the second aquaculture pond 7 can provide a good growth environment and nutritional conditions for the juvenile longfin goby.

[0083] For example but not limitation, in a specific embodiment, the water pump 5 is turned on one day before the juvenile longfin goby is transferred in, so that the water inflow of each level of the second culture pond 7 is 0.5 m 3 / h to ensure that the screen of the intermediate station pipe in the second culture pond 7 intercepts some bait organisms, which can promote the density of bait organisms in each level of culture pond to be 3-4 / mL; by controlling the spraying equipment of the ecological pond 4 and using the roller shutter machine 9 to roll up the plastic film 3 on the side of the greenhouse 1 for ventilation, the water temperature of the second culture pond 7 can be controlled at 29°C-30°C; by controlling the preparation method of the water body in the ecological pond 4, the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the water body of the second culture pond 7 can be regulated to be less than 0.5 mg / L, and the nitrite concentration of the water body can be controlled to be less than 0.1 mg / L.

[0084] After the environmental and nutritional conditions in the second culture pond 7 are suitable for the growth of long-fin goby juveniles, the long-fin goby juveniles can be placed in the second culture pond 7 for a second culture period of 30-40 days. During the second culture period, mannan oligosaccharides are fed daily and the screen of the intermediate station pipe is cleaned once a week to obtain long-fin goby juveniles. Mannan oligosaccharides are a type of antigenic active substance extracted from yeast culture cell walls. They not only have good physical and chemical properties such as low heat, stability, safety and non-toxicity, but also have the effects of protecting the intestines and improving immunity. In the present invention, feeding mannan oligosaccharides can effectively enhance the physical fitness of long-fin goby juveniles, improve their immunity to Ichthyophthirius spp., and reduce the probability of Ichthyophthirius spp. outbreaks. Cleaning the screen of the intermediate station pipe once a week can further ensure the bait organism density in the second culture pond 7. Specifically, mannan oligosaccharides can be fed by mixing them into fish feed.

[0085] In addition, in the present invention, after the juvenile longfin goby is placed in the second breeding pond 7, the water temperature can be raised to 30°C-31°C and maintained by controlling the spraying equipment of the ecological pond 4 and using the roller shutter 9 to roll up the plastic film 3 on the side of the greenhouse 1 for ventilation. If it rains for a long time, the temperature control and heating equipment of the ecological pond 4 is turned on to maintain the water temperature at 30°C-31°C; the heating time is about 20-30 hours, and this heating can further increase the growth rate, shorten the life cycle of the goby, and avoid the outbreak of the goby disease.

[0086] After obtaining the longfin goby juveniles, the longfin goby juveniles can be subjected to a third culture, and the longfin goby juveniles can be obtained after 30-50 days of culture. The third culture comprises: placing the longfin goby juveniles in a third culture pond and feeding them mannan oligosaccharides every day; the water in the third culture pond meets the following conditions: the ultraviolet radiation in the water is ≥1000 mW·s / cm 2 , the water temperature is 28-30℃, and the water flow rate is 0.05-0.3 m / s.

[0087] In the present invention, the obtained long-fin goby is a long-fin goby release specification seedling with a total length of 4-6 cm.

[0088] By way of example and not limitation, in one embodiment, the third culture can be achieved by a third culture system, such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes a third breeding pond 11, an ultraviolet treatment unit and a temperature control system 20.

[0089] Among them, the third breeding pond 11 is located on the ground 10. The third breeding pond 11 is composed of three circular ponds with a diameter of 2 m and a bottom and edge made of PP material connected in series. The circular pond can be divided into a first-level breeding pond, a second-level breeding pond and a third-level breeding pond. The first-level breeding pond is 1.6 m high and 0.8 m deep, the second-level breeding pond is 1.2 m high and 0.8 m deep, and the third-level breeding pond is 0.8 m high and 0.6 m deep; the first-level breeding pond, the second-level breeding pond and the third-level breeding pond contain intermediate station pipes, and the intermediate station pipes are distributed with 5 mm holes. The first-level breeding pond is connected to the intermediate pipe 14 through the intermediate station pipe, and then connected to the second-level breeding pond. The second-level breeding pond is connected to the intermediate pipe 14 through the intermediate station pipe, and then connected to the third-level breeding pond. The intermediate pipe is a PVC pipe with a diameter of 11 cm.

[0090] The UV treatment unit is located 10 meters below the ground. It is a cement pool with a concentric circle structure of 6 meters in diameter and 1.4 meters in depth. It includes an inner circle pool and an outer ring pool outside the inner circle pool. The inner circle pool has a diameter of 4 meters and the outer ring pool has a width of 1 meter. The outer loop channel pool includes 10 partition pools 16 of uniform size and a water collection pool 18 with an area twice that of the partition pool 16; among them, the 1st to 5th level partition pools are biological filter pools used to filter and treat waste in the water; 5 ultraviolet lamps 17 with a power of not less than 100 W are arranged in each of the 6th to 10th level partition pools; the height of the wall shared by the 1st level partition pool and the water collection pool 18 is consistent with the depth of the outer loop channel pool to prevent water from the water collection pool 18 from flowing into the partition pool 16; the bottom of the wall shared by the 1st and 2nd level partition pools is 10 cm above the pool bottom, and the top is flush with the outer loop channel pool; the bottom of the wall shared by the 2nd and 3rd level partition pools is 0 cm above the pool bottom, and the top is 20 cm lower than the height of the outer loop channel pool; and so on, the bottom of the wall shared by the 10th level partition pool and the water collection pool 18 is 0 cm above the pool bottom, and the top is 20 cm lower than the height of the loop channel pool. The first-stage partition tank is equipped with an overflow pipe for the inner circular tank, with a diameter of 16 cm and a height of 1.1 m. Forty 100-W UV lamps 17 are installed in the inner circular tank. A submersible variable-frequency pump 5 is installed near the third culture tank 11. Pump 5 is connected to the first-stage culture tank of the third culture tank 11 via the main inlet pipe 13. The third-stage culture tank of the third culture tank 11 is connected to the first-stage partition tank of the partition tank 16 via the main outlet pipe 15. Therefore, the water flows through the UV treatment unit as follows: water from the third-stage culture tank 11 enters the first-stage partition tank through the main outlet pipe 13, then flows in a zigzag pattern through the biofilter partition tanks (1st-5th partition tanks) and the UV lamp partition tanks (6th-10th partition tanks), entering the collection tank 18, then passing through the overflow weir 19 into the inner circular tank. It is then pumped by pump 5 to the main inlet pipe 13 and into the first-stage culture tank. The water inlet main pipe 13 is a PVC pipe with a diameter of 7.5 cm, and the drainage main pipe 15 is a PVC pipe with a diameter of 11 cm.

[0091] The temperature control system 20 is connected to the fifth-stage partition pool through a temperature control system water inlet pipe 21 , and is connected to the sixth-stage partition pool through a temperature control system water outlet pipe 22 .

[0092] use Figure 2 When the third aquaculture system shown is used for the third aquaculture, pretreatment is required before the juvenile longfin goby is transferred in. Specifically, water from the Jinsha River is added to the third aquaculture system until it is full; the UV lamp 17 of the UV treatment unit is turned on to disinfect the water, so that the total UV radiation dose in the water of the third aquaculture system is ≥1000 mW·s / cm 2, thereby effectively killing the cysts and larvae of the small white worm in the water body and preventing the occurrence of the small white worm disease; using the temperature control system 20 to control the water temperature to 28°C-30°C to ensure the healthy growth of the long-fin goby juveniles; by adjusting the entry angle and water inflow of each water pipe of the third breeding system to control the water flow rate to 0.05 m / s, it can make it difficult for the small white worm larvae to parasitize the fish body, and at the same time, the small white worm cysts and larvae can be quickly flushed to the ultraviolet treatment unit for killing.

[0093] After the environmental and nutritional conditions in the third culture pond 11 are suitable for the growth of juvenile goby, the juvenile goby can be placed in the third culture pond 11 for a third culture period of 30-50 days. During the third culture period, mannan oligosaccharides are fed daily to obtain juvenile goby ready for stocking. Feeding mannan oligosaccharides during this stage can effectively enhance the physical fitness of the juvenile goby, improve their immunity to Ichthyophthirius spp., and reduce the probability of Ichthyophthirius spp. outbreaks. Specifically, mannan oligosaccharides can be fed by mixing them into fish feed.

[0094] In the above technical solution, in step (1), the newly hatched Artemia larvae are obtained by incubating Artemia eggs for 15-20 hours at a water temperature of 25-35°C, a salinity of 3%, and a light intensity of 3000-10000 lux.

[0095] Artemia is a small crustacean with a worldwide distribution and high salt tolerance. In low-salinity environments, the dormant eggs of Artemia can hatch into unsegmented, newly hatched larvae. In the present invention, by controlling water temperature, salinity, light intensity, and incubation time, the bait quality of the unsegmented, newly hatched larvae of Artemia can be further improved. The size of the unsegmented, newly hatched larvae obtained now also just meets the bait size requirement for newly hatched fry to ingest. In addition, because the freshwater Ichthyophthirius spp. cannot survive in water bodies with a salinity of 3%, the unsegmented, newly hatched larvae of Artemia obtained by hatching under the limiting conditions of the present invention will not carry Ichthyophthirius spp. and will not develop Ichthyophthirius spp. disease.

[0096] In one embodiment of the present invention, the unsegmented newly hatched Artemia larvae are obtained by incubating Artemia eggs for 18 hours under conditions of a water temperature of 30° C., a salinity of 3%, and a light intensity of 7000 lux.

[0097] In the above technical solution, in step (2), the second culture further includes: feeding the first feed every day, the first feed meeting the following conditions: the mass content of crude protein ≥50%, the mass content of crude fat ≥8%, the mass content of crude fiber ≤5%, the mass content of crude ash ≤18%, the mass content of total phosphorus ≥1.5%, the mass content of lysine ≥3%, the mass content of water ≤10%, and the particle size of the first feed being 0.32-0.42 mm. The composition and content of the first feed meeting the above requirements can further provide the necessary nutrition for the growth of longfin goby juveniles; the particle size of the first feed meeting the above requirements can meet the caliber of the longfin goby juveniles, making it easier for the juveniles to eat, thereby further ensuring the healthy growth of the juveniles.

[0098] In the present invention, the total daily feeding amount of mannooligosaccharides and the first feed is 8-10% of the fish's body weight. This combined feeding amount is 1.2 times the normal feeding amount for longfin goby juveniles. The remaining uneaten feed enters the ecological pond 4 and serves as a fertilizing material for the pond. In the present invention, the daily feeding mass ratio of mannooligosaccharides to the first feed is (0.2-0.3):100. Limiting the feeding amount of mannooligosaccharides to this range further maximizes the effectiveness of mannooligosaccharides, enhancing the physical fitness of longfin goby juveniles, improving their immunity to Ichthyophthirius, and reducing the probability of Ichthyophthirius outbreaks. Specifically, mannooligosaccharides can be mixed with the first feed and fed to the fish juveniles 2-3 times daily.

[0099] In the above technical solution, in step (2), the water body of the second breeding pond is prepared by the following steps: adding feed to the water; after the feed is completely dissolved, adding microalgae, Bacillus and multivitamins to the water body; waiting for 4-5 days to obtain fertile water; mixing the fertile water with river water in a volume ratio of 1: (15-25), waiting for 10-12 days, and obtaining the water body of the second breeding pond.

[0100] By way of example and not limitation, in one specific embodiment, fertilizer water can be prepared in a fertilizer water pool that is 4 m long, 2 m wide, and 1 m deep. Tap water is added to the fertilizer water pool until the water level reaches 80 cm, 20-30 kg of feed is added thereto, and the aeration and oxygenation device is turned on to ensure that the dissolved oxygen in the fertilizer water pool is ≥6 mg / L to promote feed fermentation and accelerate the formation of fertilizer water. At the same time, the fertilizer water pool is stirred 3-5 times a day to promote the full dissolution of the feed and further promote feed fermentation. After 3-4 days, when the feed is completely dissolved and the water in the fertilizer water pool is khaki, microalgae are introduced into the fertilizer water pool, and Bacillus and multivitamins are added to cultivate bait organisms and reduce the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the water. After 4-5 days, the water in the fertilizer water pool turns green, and fertilizer water is obtained.

[0101] Then, use Figure 1The second aquaculture system shown in the figure continues to cultivate the water body of the second aquaculture pond. Specifically, the fertilizer water can be pumped into the ecological pond 4 of the second aquaculture system so that the volume ratio of the fertilizer water to the river water in the ecological pond 4 is 1: (15-25). The spray equipment in the ecological pond 4 is turned on and the flow rate is set to ≥1 m 3 / h, and start the aeration and oxygenation device in ecological pond 4 to maintain dissolved oxygen ≥ 6 mg / L. After 10-12 days, the water in ecological pond 4 turns green, the density of bait organisms such as rotifers, cladoceran zooplankton, and copepod zooplankton is 1-2 per mL, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is less than 0.5 mg / L, and the nitrite concentration is less than 0.1 mg / L. Regulating the ratio of fertilizer water to river water in ecological pond 4 can provide the necessary substances for the rapid reproduction of microalgae. Furthermore, the river water can be water from the Jinsha River.

[0102] Furthermore, the feed must meet the following requirements: crude protein ≥ 42% by mass, crude fat ≥ 10% by mass, crude fiber ≤ 8% by mass, crude ash ≤ 20% by mass, total phosphorus ≥ 2% by mass, lysine ≥ 3% by mass, and water ≤ 12% by mass. Restricting the composition and content of the feed will further promote the formation of fertilized water, helping to ensure that the water in the second aquaculture pond meets the growth conditions required for juvenile longfin goby.

[0103] Furthermore, the amount of microalgae added is 8000-12000 / mL; the amount of Bacillus added is 800-1200 g / m 3 ; The amount of multivitamins added is 400-800 g / m 3 .

[0104] Among them, microalgae can make the water body green, increase the dissolved oxygen in the water body through photosynthesis, and can also serve as bait for protozoa such as rotifers and cladocerans; Bacillus can degrade harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the water body; compound vitamins can nutrient-enrich the microalgae and protozoa in the water body, increase their own vitamin content, and promote them to increase the vitamin content of the fish body after being ingested by the fry, thereby improving the fish body's immunity; by compounding microalgae, Bacillus and compound vitamins and limiting the amount of each added, the water body can be quickly turned green and harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the water body can be quickly reduced. It can be understood that if the amount of any one or two of the microalgae, Bacillus and compound vitamins added meets the above-mentioned limitations, the formation of the water body in the second breeding pond can be promoted; when the amount of microalgae, Bacillus and compound vitamins added all meet the above-mentioned limitations, the formation of the water body in the second breeding pond can be better promoted.

[0105] In a specific embodiment, the microalgae are composed of 70% chlorella and 30% diatoms by number; the Bacillus is composed of 60wt% Bacillus subtilis and 40wt% Bacillus licheniformis by mass; and the complex vitamins include 10,000-20,000 IU / g of vitamin A, 3,000-5,000 IU / g of vitamin D, 100-200 mg / g of vitamin E, 5-20 mg / g of vitamin B1, 5-20 mg / g of vitamin B2, 5-10 mg / g of vitamin B6, 0.01-0.1 mg / g of vitamin B12, 300-500 mg / g of vitamin C, 5-10 mg / g of vitamin K, 5-10 mg / g of folic acid, 30-50 mg / g of pantothenic acid, 50-100 mg / g of nicotinamide, and 0.5-1 mg / g of biotin.

[0106] Restricting the composition of microalgae, Bacillus, or multivitamins helps further accelerate the greening of the water and quickly reduce harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the water. It is understood that if the composition of any one or two of the microalgae, Bacillus, or multivitamins meets the above requirements, the water quality of the second aquaculture pond will be promoted; when the composition of all three of the microalgae, Bacillus, and multivitamins meets the above requirements, the water quality of the second aquaculture pond can be further promoted.

[0107] In the above technical solution, in step (3), the third culture further includes: feeding a second feed every day, the second feed meeting the following conditions: crude protein content by mass ≥48%, crude fat content by mass ≥10%, crude fiber content by mass ≤5%, crude ash content by mass ≤18%, total phosphorus content by mass ≥2%, lysine content by mass ≥3%, water content by mass ≤12%, and the particle size of the second feed is 0.42-0.62 mm. The composition and content of the second feed meeting the above requirements can further increase the growth rate of the fish and reduce individual differences in the cultured population; the particle size of the second feed meeting the above requirements can meet the caliber of the longfin goby juveniles, facilitate the juveniles' feeding, and further ensure the healthy growth of the juveniles.

[0108] In the present invention, the total daily feeding amount of mannooligosaccharides and the second feed is 4-6% of the fish's body weight. The feeding amount of mannooligosaccharides and the first feed is 1.1 times the normal feeding amount for juvenile goby. In the present invention, the daily feeding mass ratio of mannooligosaccharides to the second feed is (0.2-0.3):100. Limiting the feeding amount of mannooligosaccharides to this range can further enhance the effects of mannooligosaccharides, enhancing the physical fitness of juvenile goby, improving their immunity to Ichthyophthirius, and reducing the probability of Ichthyophthirius outbreaks. Specifically, mannooligosaccharides can be mixed with the second feed and fed 2-3 times daily.

[0109] In the above technical solution, step (3) further comprises: in the third breeding, eliminating weak seedlings every 10 days;

[0110] Weak seedling elimination includes: introducing juvenile snakehead fish into the third culture pond and using partitions to separate the juvenile snakehead fish from the juvenile longfin goby; the partitions include a first partition and a second partition, the first partition having a plurality of holes with a diameter of 3-5 mm, with a spacing of 0.5 cm between adjacent holes; the second partition having a plurality of holes with a diameter of 7-9 mm, with a spacing of 1 cm between adjacent holes; and the height of the first and second partitions being consistent with the depth of the third culture pond; the first partition being closer to the juvenile longfin goby than the second partition;

[0111] The water flow rate is controlled at 0.3 m / s, and the first partition is removed. The weak seedlings among the long-fin goby fry are preyed upon by the black snakehead fry through the circular holes with a diameter of 7-9 mm, thereby eliminating the weak seedlings.

[0112] By way of example and not limitation, in one embodiment, the Figure 2 The third breeding system shown is used to eliminate weak seedlings. Figure 3 As shown, the bottoms of the first-stage, second-stage, and third-stage culture ponds in the third culture pond 11 have concentric groove structures, including an outer groove 23 with a diameter of 40 cm and an inner groove 24 with a diameter of 38 cm. A cylindrical acrylic plate with a diameter of 40 cm (i.e., the first partition) is inserted into the outer groove 23. The cylindrical acrylic plate with a diameter of 40 cm has circular holes with a diameter of 3-5 mm and a hole spacing of 0.5 cm. A cylindrical acrylic plate with a diameter of 38 cm (i.e., the second partition) is inserted into the inner groove 24. The cylindrical acrylic plate with a diameter of 38 cm has circular holes with a diameter of 7-9 mm and a hole spacing of 1 cm. Concentric small pools 12 can be formed. Figure 4 As shown, the concentric pool 12 includes an outer pool 25 and an inner pool 26 .

[0113] Juvenile goby fish were transferred to an area outside the concentric pools 12 of the third culture pond 11 for culture. Ten juvenile snakehead fish (10-12 cm in length) were introduced into the inner pool 26 of the third culture pond 11. Mannan oligosaccharides and a second feed were fed daily to the area outside the concentric pools 12 of the third culture pond 11, at a rate of 1.1 times the normal feeding amount. During feeding, the main water inlet pipe 13 was closed. Once the goby fish finished feeding, the main water inlet pipe 13 was opened, and the remaining feed was rotated into the concentric pools 12 by controlling the water flow rate for the snakehead fish.

[0114] To prevent weak seedlings from becoming ill and causing an outbreak among all the fry, the present invention utilizes high water flow rates to screen out weak seedlings. Weak seedlings are eliminated every 10 days, and are then preyed upon by juvenile snakehead fish. The day before the weak seedlings are eliminated, the feeding amount for the juvenile longfin goby is reduced to 0.8 times the normal feeding amount, resulting in no remaining feed for the juvenile snakehead fish, which then starves them. On the day of the elimination, the water intake is increased, the water flow rate is controlled to 0.3 m / s, and the first baffle is removed, exposing the second baffle. Because the second baffle has a large aperture and the weak seedlings are unable to withstand the high flow rate, the weak seedlings are swept into the concentric pools 12 by the water flow and are preyed upon by the juvenile snakehead fish. However, healthy, strong seedlings, which can withstand the high flow rate, are not preyed upon by the juvenile snakehead fish.

[0115] Weak fry elimination not only eliminates weak fry but also regularly exercises the fry's physique and strengthens their resistance. Furthermore, the first and second partitions are made of transparent acrylic, so the snakehead fry can act as a deterrent to the longfin goby fry, prompting them to increase and maintain a state of alertness, thereby improving their ability to avoid predators and ultimately increasing the success rate of release.

[0116] In the above technical solution, in step (1), the density of the fertilized eggs of the long-finned goby is 4500-6000 eggs / m 3 This stocking density can maximize the hatching rate while ensuring the normal hatching of fertilized eggs, thereby improving the breeding efficiency. In step (2), the second breeding meets the following conditions: the initial breeding density of long-fin goby juveniles is 8000-10000 / m 3 After 15-20 days, the stocking density of juvenile longfin goby is 4000-5000 / m 3 By regulating the breeding density, the breeding efficiency can be maximized while ensuring the normal growth of long-fin goby juveniles. In step (3), the third breeding meets the following conditions: the breeding density of long-fin goby juveniles is 1000-3000 fish / m 3 Controlling the stocking density of juvenile fish can effectively improve the scale and efficiency of stocking while ensuring the healthy growth of juvenile fish. It is understandable that if the stocking density of any one or two of steps (1), (2), and (3) meets the above-mentioned limitations, the stocking efficiency can be improved; when the stocking density in steps (1), (2), and (3) all meet the above-mentioned limitations, the stocking efficiency can be better promoted.

[0117] The technical solutions of this application are further explained below with reference to specific examples. Experimental methods in the following examples, where specific conditions are not specified, were generally performed under conventional conditions or as recommended by the manufacturer. All reagents used, unless otherwise specified, were commercially available or publicly available.

[0118] Example 1:

[0119] This embodiment provides a method for cultivating long-finned goby, and the cultivation method was used to cultivate long-finned goby at the Wudongde breeding and releasing station of the Chinese Acipenser Research Institute of China Three Gorges Corporation in April 2023. The specific steps are as follows:

[0120] (1) First breeding period of 18-21 days:

[0121] The diameter of the first breeding pond was set to 4 m and the depth was 1 m. Jinsha River water was added to the first breeding pond until the water level reached 80 cm and then the water inlet was closed. The water temperature of the first breeding pond was maintained at 18-20°C. The aeration and oxygenation equipment of the first breeding pond was turned on to ensure that the dissolved oxygen content in the first breeding pond was ≥6 mg / L. Fertilized eggs of long-finned goby that had developed to the embryonic stage were fertilized at a rate of 6000 / m 3 The fish are stocked at a density of 100 μg / mL into the first breeding pond and cultured for 4-6 hours. The fertilized eggs hatch and break the membrane to obtain newly hatched fry. Then, the heating equipment of the first breeding pond is turned on, and the water temperature of the first breeding pond is raised to 26°C at a heating rate of 2.0°C / day, that is, the culture is carried out for about 3 days. Subsequently, the water temperature of the first breeding pond is raised to 29°C at a heating rate of 0.17°C / day, that is, the culture is carried out for about 18 days. During this period, the newly hatched larvae of Artemia are fed 4 times a day, and the density of newly hatched larvae of Artemia in the water body is maintained at ≥10 / mL to obtain juvenile longfin goby. The newly hatched larvae of Artemia are obtained after hatching Artemia eggs for 18 hours under the conditions of water temperature of 30°C, salinity of 3%, and light intensity of 7000 lux.

[0122] (2) Second breeding for 30-40 days:

[0123] Build as Figure 1The second aquaculture system shown in the figure includes a greenhouse 1, an ecological pond 4, and a farming system. Greenhouse 1 is 60 m long, 6 m wide, and 3 m high at its highest point. It consists of a steel frame 2, plastic film 3, and a roller shutter 9. The steel frame 2 is 60 m long, 6 m wide, and 3 m high at its highest point. The plastic film 3 is attached to the steel frame 2, and the roller shutter 9 can roll up and down the plastic film 3 between the steel frames, which are perpendicular to the ground. The ecological pond 4 is a cement pond 55 m long, 5.5 m wide, and 1.2 m deep, located below ground level. The greenhouse 1 is located above the ecological pond 4. The aquaculture system consists of a water pump 5, an inlet pipe 6, a drainage pipe 8 and a second aquaculture pond 7; the second aquaculture pond 7 is composed of several secondary series aquaculture ponds in parallel, and the secondary series aquaculture ponds have two levels. The primary and secondary aquaculture ponds are circular ponds with a diameter of 1 m and a bottom and edge made of PP material. Among them, the primary aquaculture pond is 1.2 m high and 0.6 m deep, and the secondary aquaculture pond is 0.8 m high and 0.6 m deep; the primary and secondary aquaculture ponds contain intermediate station pipes with a 60-mesh screen in the intermediate station pipes. The intermediate station pipe of the primary aquaculture pond is connected to a PVC pipe with a diameter of 7.5 cm and then connected in series with the secondary aquaculture pond. The intermediate station pipe of the secondary aquaculture pond is connected to the drainage pipe 8; the drainage pipe 8 is a PVC pipe with a diameter of 11 cm, one end of which forms several pipe branches that are respectively connected to the secondary aquaculture ponds in several secondary series aquaculture ponds, and the other end is connected to the ecological pond 4; the inlet pipe 6 is a PVC pipe with a diameter of 5 A PVC pipe of cm in diameter is provided, one end of which forms several pipe branches connected to the first-level breeding ponds in the secondary series breeding ponds, and the other end is connected to the ecological pond 4; starting the water pump 5 can drive the water from the ecological pond 4 through the water inlet pipe 6 to the secondary series breeding ponds, and then flow back to the ecological pond 4 through the drainage pipe 8.

[0124] Prepare the water body of Ecological Pond 4. Add Jinsha River water to a fertilizer pond of 4 m long, 2 m wide and 1 m deep until the water level reaches 80 cm. Add 25 kg of feed and turn on the aeration and oxygenation device to make the dissolved oxygen in the fertilizer pond ≥6 mg / L. Among them, the mass content of crude protein in the feed is ≥42%, the mass content of crude fat is ≥10%, the mass content of crude fiber is ≤8%, the mass content of crude ash is ≤20%, the mass content of total phosphorus is ≥2%, the mass content of lysine is ≥3%, and the mass content of water is ≤12%. Stir the fertilizer pond 3-5 times a day. After 3-4 days, when the feed is completely dissolved and the water in the fertilizer pond is khaki, inoculate the fertilizer pond with 10,000 microalgae / mL and add 1000 g / m 3 of Bacillus and 600 g / m 3The complex vitamins are used to cultivate bait organisms and reduce ammonia nitrogen concentrations in the water. The microalgae are composed of 70% Chlorella and 30% diatoms; the Bacillus species are composed of 60% Bacillus subtilis and 40% Bacillus licheniformis; and the complex vitamins include 15,000 IU / g of vitamin A, 4,000 IU / g of vitamin D, 150 mg / g of vitamin E, 12.5 mg / g of vitamin B1, 12.5 mg / g of vitamin B2, 7.5 mg / g of vitamin B6, 0.055 mg / g of vitamin B12, 400 mg / g of vitamin C, 7.5 mg / g of vitamin K, 7.5 mg / g of folic acid, 40 mg / g of pantothenic acid, 75 mg / g of niacinamide, and 0.75 mg / g of biotin. After 4-5 days, the water in the fertilization pond turns green, indicating the fertilized water. Then, the fertilizer water was pumped into the ecological pool 4 of the second aquaculture system, so that the volume ratio of the fertilizer water to the Jinsha River water in the ecological pool 4 was 1:20, and the spray equipment in the ecological pool 4 was turned on and the flow rate was set to ≥1 m 3 / h, turn on the aeration and oxygenation device in the ecological pond 4 to make the dissolved oxygen in the ecological pond 4 ≥6 mg / L. After 11 days, the water in the ecological pond 4 turns green, the density of bait organisms in the water, such as rotifers, cladoceran zooplankton, copepod zooplankton, etc., is 1-2 / mL, the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the water is <0.5 mg / L, and the nitrite concentration is <0.1 mg / L. Then, before the long-fin goby juveniles are transferred, the water temperature of the second breeding pond 7 is controlled at 29℃-30℃ by controlling the spraying equipment of the ecological pond 4 and using the roller shutter 9 to roll up the plastic film 3 on the side of the greenhouse 1 for ventilation; one day before the long-fin goby juveniles are transferred in, the water pump 5 is turned on to make the water inflow of each level of the second breeding pond 7 0.5 m 3 / h to ensure that the screens in the intermediate pipes of the second culture pond 7 intercept some of the bait organisms, thereby promoting a density of 3-4 bait organisms / mL in each culture pond. When the density of the bait organisms in the second culture pond 7 reaches 3-4 organisms / mL, the water temperature is 29-30°C, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is <0.5 mg / L, and the nitrite concentration is <0.1 mg / L, the juvenile longfin goby from step 1 can be transferred to the second culture pond 7.

[0125] The juvenile longfin goby in step 1 is transferred to the second culture pond 7. The water temperature is raised to 30-31°C and maintained by controlling the spray equipment of the ecological pond 4 and using the roller shutter 9 to roll up the plastic film 3 on the side of the greenhouse 1 for ventilation. If there is a long period of rain, the temperature control and heating equipment of the ecological pond 4 is turned on to maintain the water temperature at 30-31°C. The initial stocking density of each culture pond is 10,000 fish / m 3 After 15 days of breeding, the breeding density was adjusted to 5000 fish / m 3Culture was continued for 30 days to obtain juvenile longfin goby. During the second culture period, the screen of the intermediate station was cleaned once a week, and the fish were fed a first feed with a particle size of 0.32 mm to 0.42 mm and mannan oligosaccharides 2-3 times a day. The first feed had a crude protein content of ≥50%, a crude fat content of ≥8%, a crude fiber content of ≤5%, a crude ash content of ≤18%, a total phosphorus content of ≥1.5%, a lysine content of ≥3%, and a water content of ≤10%. The total feeding amount of mannan oligosaccharides and the first feed was 10% of the fish body weight, which was 1.2 times the normal feeding amount for longfin goby juveniles. The mass ratio of mannan oligosaccharides to the first feed was (0.25:100).

[0126] (3) The third breeding period lasting 30-50 days:

[0127] Build as Figure 2 The third breeding system shown includes a third breeding pond 11 , an ultraviolet treatment unit and a temperature control system 20 .

[0128] Among them, the third breeding pond 11 is located on the ground 10. The third breeding pond 11 is composed of three circular ponds with a diameter of 2 m and a bottom and edge made of PP material connected in series. It can be divided into a first-level breeding pond, a second-level breeding pond and a third-level breeding pond. The first-level breeding pond is 1.6 m high and 0.8 m deep. The second-level breeding pond is 1.2 m high and 0.8 m deep. The third-level breeding pond is 0.8 m high and 0.6 m deep. The first-level breeding pond, the second-level breeding pond and the third-level breeding pond contain intermediate station pipes with 5 mm holes (to prevent the escape of black snakehead fry). The first-level breeding pond is connected to the intermediate pipe 14 through the intermediate station pipe, and then connected to the second-level breeding pond. The second-level breeding pond is connected to the intermediate pipe 14 through the intermediate station pipe, and then connected to the third-level breeding pond. The intermediate pipe is a PVC pipe with a diameter of 11 cm. Figure 3 As shown, the bottoms of the first-level, second-level, and third-level breeding ponds have concentric groove structures, including an outer groove 23 with a diameter of 40 cm and an inner groove 24 with a diameter of 38 cm. A cylindrical acrylic plate with a diameter of 40 cm is inserted into the outer groove 23. The cylindrical acrylic plate with a diameter of 40 cm has circular holes with a diameter of 4 mm evenly distributed on it, and the hole spacing is 0.5 cm, and the height is consistent with the pool depth. A cylindrical acrylic plate with a diameter of 38 cm is inserted into the inner groove 24. The cylindrical acrylic plate with a diameter of 38 cm has circular holes with a diameter of 8 mm evenly distributed on it, and the hole spacing is 1 cm, and the height is consistent with the pool depth. Concentric small pools 12 can be formed. Figure 4 As shown, the concentric pool 12 includes an outer pool 25 and an inner pool 26 .

[0129] The UV treatment unit is located 10 meters below the ground. It is a cement pool with a concentric circle structure of 6 meters in diameter and 1.4 meters in depth. It includes an inner circle pool and an outer ring pool outside the inner circle pool. The inner circle pool has a diameter of 4 meters and the outer ring pool has a width of 1 meter. The outer loop channel pool includes 10 partition pools 16 of uniform size and a water collection pool 18 with an area twice that of the partition pool 16; among them, the 1st to 5th level partition pools are biological filter pools used to filter and treat waste in the water; 5 ultraviolet lamps 17 with a power of not less than 100 W are arranged in each of the 6th to 10th level partition pools; the height of the wall shared by the 1st level partition pool and the water collection pool 18 is consistent with the depth of the outer loop channel pool to prevent water from the water collection pool 18 from flowing into the partition pool 16; the bottom of the wall shared by the 1st and 2nd level partition pools is 10 cm above the pool bottom, and the top is flush with the outer loop channel pool; the bottom of the wall shared by the 2nd and 3rd level partition pools is 0 cm above the pool bottom, and the top is 20 cm lower than the height of the outer loop channel pool; and so on, the bottom of the wall shared by the 10th level partition pool and the water collection pool 18 is 0 cm above the pool bottom, and the top is 20 cm lower than the height of the loop channel pool. The first-stage partition tank is equipped with an overflow pipe for the inner circular tank, with a diameter of 16 cm and a height of 1.1 m. Forty 100-W UV lamps 17 are installed in the inner circular tank. A submersible variable-frequency pump 5 is installed near the third culture tank 11. Pump 5 is connected to the first-stage culture tank of the third culture tank 11 via the main inlet pipe 13. The third-stage culture tank of the third culture tank 11 is connected to the first-stage partition tank of the partition tank 16 via the main outlet pipe 15. Therefore, the water flows through the UV treatment unit as follows: water from the third-stage culture tank 11 enters the first-stage partition tank through the main outlet pipe 13, then flows in a zigzag pattern through the biofilter partition tanks (1st-5th partition tanks) and the UV lamp partition tanks (6th-10th partition tanks), entering the collection tank 18, then passing through the overflow weir 19 into the inner circular tank. It is then pumped by pump 5 to the main inlet pipe 13 and into the first-stage culture tank. The water inlet main pipe 13 is a PVC pipe with a diameter of 7.5 cm, and the drainage main pipe 15 is a PVC pipe with a diameter of 11 cm.

[0130] The temperature control system 20 is connected to the fifth-stage partition pool through a temperature control system water inlet pipe 21 , and is connected to the sixth-stage partition pool through a temperature control system water outlet pipe 22 .

[0131] First, pretreatment is performed by adding Jinsha River water to the third aquaculture system until the water is full; the ultraviolet lamp 17 of the ultraviolet treatment unit is turned on to disinfect the water body, so that the total ultraviolet radiation dose in the water body of the third aquaculture system is ≥1000 mW·s / cm 2 ; Use the temperature control system 20 to control the water temperature to 28°C-30°C; and control the water flow rate to 0.05 m / s by adjusting the entry angle and water inlet volume of each water pipe of the third breeding system.

[0132] The juvenile longfin goby in step 2 was transferred to the area outside the concentric circle pond 12 in the third culture pond 11 for culture at a density of 2000 fish / m 3 At the same time, ten juvenile snakehead fish (10-12 cm in length) were introduced into inner pool 26 of third culture pond 11. A second feed with a particle size of 0.42 mm to 0.62 mm and manno-oligosaccharides were fed 2-3 times daily to the area outside concentric pool 12 of third culture pond 11. The second feed had a crude protein content of 48% or greater, a crude fat content of 10% or greater, a crude fiber content of 5% or less, a crude ash content of 18% or less, a total phosphorus content of 2% or greater, a lysine content of 3% or greater, and a water content of 12% or less. The total feeding amount of manno-oligosaccharides and the second feed was 5% of the fish's body weight, which was 1.1 times the normal feeding amount for juvenile longfin goby. The mass ratio of manno-oligosaccharides to the second feed was 0.2:100. When feeding, the water inlet main pipe 13 is closed, and the water inlet main pipe 13 is opened after the juvenile longfin goby finishes feeding. The remaining feed is rotated into the concentric circle small pool 12 by controlling the water flow rate to be fed by the juvenile snakehead fish. Weak seedlings are eliminated every 10 days to prevent them from becoming sick and causing an outbreak of disease in all the fry. At the same time, high water flow rates are used to screen out weak seedlings, which are preyed upon by juvenile snakehead fish. The specific method is as follows: one day before the weak seedlings are eliminated, the feeding amount of the long-fin goby juveniles is reduced to 2% of the fish body weight (0.8 times the normal feeding amount), resulting in no remaining feed for the juvenile snakehead fish, causing the juvenile snakehead fish to be in a state of hunger; on the day of the weak seedling elimination, the water inlet volume is increased, the water flow rate is controlled to 0.3 m / s, and the cylindrical acrylic plate with a diameter of 40 cm is pulled out to expose the cylindrical acrylic plate with a diameter of 38 cm. The cylindrical acrylic plate with a diameter of 38 cm has a large aperture, so the weak seedlings will be spun into the concentric circle pond 12 due to the high flow rate and be preyed upon by the juvenile snakehead fish. The long-fin goby is cultured in the third culture pond 11 for 30-50 days to obtain long-fin goby seedlings of a full length of 4-6 cm for release.

[0133] The long-finned goby released in-stock fry obtained by the above-mentioned method has a transportation survival rate of over 98%, and a temporary culture survival rate of over 99% at the release site. Finally, about 300,000 in-stock fry will be cultivated and released at the Wudongde Reproduction and Release Station of the Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute of China Three Gorges Corporation in 2024, and a total of 270,000 will be released in 2024.

[0134] Example 2:

[0135] This embodiment provides a method for cultivating goby, and the steps thereof can be referred to those of Example 1, except that the method for eliminating weak seedlings during the third cultivation period of 30-50 days is as follows:

[0136] Weak seedlings were eliminated every 20 days. On the day before the elimination, the feeding amount of long-fin goby fry was reduced to 2% of the fish body weight (0.8 times the normal feeding amount), resulting in no remaining feed for the black snakehead fry, causing the black snakehead fry to be in a state of hunger. On the day of the elimination of weak seedlings, the water intake was increased, the water flow rate was controlled at 0.1 m / s, and the cylindrical acrylic plate with a diameter of 40 cm was pulled out, exposing the cylindrical acrylic plate with a diameter of 38 cm.

[0137] The long-fin goby released in the above-mentioned method has a transport survival rate of over 90% and a temporary release survival rate of over 95%. In addition, the long-fin goby released in the absence of weak seedling elimination has a weak seedling ratio of 15%-20%, and the frequency of bacterial disease during the breeding process reaches 1-3 times; while the long-fin goby released in Example 1, which performs weak seedling elimination, has a weak seedling ratio of 0%, and the frequency of bacterial disease during the breeding process is 0 times.

[0138] Comparative Example 1:

[0139] This comparative example provides a method for cultivating Rhinophora longitans. The steps thereof can be referred to Example 1, except that the present comparative example does not feed unsegmented newly hatched Artemia larvae.

[0140] The long-finned goby fry cultured using the above method had a release-specification survival rate exceeding 85% for temporary culture and a transport survival rate exceeding 88%. Furthermore, the survival rate in the first culture without using artemia larvae was 55%, with the fish having a total length of 1.2-1.3 cm at the end of the first culture. However, the survival rate in the first culture using artemia larvae (Example 1) was 86%, with the fish having a total length of 1.5-1.7 cm at the end of the first culture.

[0141] Comparative Example 2:

[0142] This comparative example provides a method for cultivating Rhinophora longitans. The steps can be referred to Example 1, except that manno-oligosaccharides are not fed in this comparative example.

[0143] The long-finned goby fry cultured using the above method had a release survival rate of over 87% for temporary culture and a transport survival rate of over 90%. Furthermore, the survival rates of the second culture without mannan oligosaccharide were 69% and 72% for the third culture. At the end of the third culture, the fish had a total length of 3.2-3.8 cm, and Ichthyophthirius spp. outbreaks occurred 2-3 times during the culture period. However, the survival rates of the second culture with mannan oligosaccharide (Example 1) were 90% and 85% for the third culture. At the end of the third culture, the fish had a total length of 4.0-6.0 cm, and Ichthyophthirius spp. outbreaks occurred 0 times.

[0144] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for large-scale cultivation of long-finned goby, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) carrying out a first culture of the fertilized eggs of the long-fin goby, and obtaining long-fin goby fry after 18-21 days of culture; The first culture comprises: placing the fertilized eggs of the long-finned goby in a first culture pond, and culture them in a water temperature of 18-20°C for 4-6 hours; first raising the water temperature from 18-20°C to 25-27°C at a heating rate of 2.0-2.5°C / day; second raising the water temperature from 25-27°C to 28-30°C at a heating rate of 0.17-0.28°C / day, and feeding Artemia unsegmented newly hatched larvae as bait in the second heating stage; (2) carrying out a second culture of the juvenile longfin goby to obtain juvenile longfin goby after 30-40 days of culture; The second culture comprises: placing the juvenile longfin goby in a second culture pond and feeding manno-oligosaccharide every day; the water in the second culture pond meets the following conditions: the density of bait organisms in the water is 3-4 / mL, the water temperature is 30-31°C, the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the water is less than 0.5 mg / L, and the nitrite concentration in the water is less than 0.1 mg / L; (3) Carrying out a third culture of the juvenile longfin goby to obtain longfin goby release-sized fish after 30-50 days of culture; The third culture comprises: placing the juvenile longfin goby in a third culture pond and feeding manno-oligosaccharide every day; the water in the third culture pond meets the following conditions: the ultraviolet radiation in the water is ≥1000 mW·s / cm 2 , water temperature is 28-30℃, and water flow rate is 0.05-0.3 m / s.

2. The breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the unsegmented newly hatched Artemia larvae are obtained by incubating Artemia eggs at a water temperature of 25-35° C., a salinity of 3%, and a light intensity of 3000-10000 lux for 15-20 hours.

3. The breeding method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step (2), the second breeding further comprises: feeding a first feed every day, wherein the first feed meets the following conditions: a crude protein content of ≥50%, a crude fat content of ≥8%, a crude fiber content of ≤5%, a crude ash content of ≤18%, a total phosphorus content of ≥1.5%, a lysine content of ≥3%, a water content of ≤10%, and a particle size of the first feed of 0.32-0.42 mm; and / or, The total daily feeding amount of the manno-oligosaccharide and the first feed is 8-10% of the fish body weight; and / or, The daily feeding mass ratio of the manno-oligosaccharide to the first feed is (0.2-0.3):

100.

4. The breeding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: In step (2), the water in the second breeding pond is prepared by the following steps: Add feed to the water; when the feed is completely dissolved, add microalgae, bacillus and multivitamins to the water; wait for 4-5 days to obtain fertile water; The fertilizer water and river water are mixed in a volume ratio of 1: (15-25), and the water body of the second breeding pond is obtained after waiting for 10-12 days.

5. The breeding method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The feed meets the following conditions: the mass content of crude protein is ≥42%, the mass content of crude fat is ≥10%, the mass content of crude fiber is ≤8%, the mass content of crude ash is ≤20%, the mass content of total phosphorus is ≥2%, the mass content of lysine is ≥3%, and the mass content of water is ≤12%.

6. The breeding method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The amount of microalgae added is 8000-12000 / mL; and / or, The amount of Bacillus added is 800-1200 g / m 3 and / or, The amount of the compound vitamin added is 400-800 g / m 3 .

7. The breeding method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The microalgae consist of 70% of Chlorella and 30% of diatoms by number; and / or, The Bacillus consists of 60 wt% of Bacillus subtilis and 40 wt% of Bacillus licheniformis by mass; and / or, The complex vitamin comprises 10000-20000 IU / g of vitamin A, 3000-5000 IU / g of vitamin D, 100-200 mg / g of vitamin E, 5-20 mg / g of vitamin B1, 5-20 mg / g of vitamin B2, 5-10 mg / g of vitamin B6, 0.01-0.1 mg / g of vitamin B12, 300-500 mg / g of vitamin C, 5-10 mg / g of vitamin K, 5-10 mg / g of folic acid, 30-50 mg / g of pantothenic acid, 50-100 mg / g of nicotinamide, and 0.5-1 mg / g of biotin.

8. The breeding method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: In step (3), the third breeding further comprises: feeding a second feed every day, wherein the second feed meets the following conditions: a crude protein content of ≥48%, a crude fat content of ≥10%, a crude fiber content of ≤5%, a crude ash content of ≤18%, a total phosphorus content of ≥2%, a lysine content of ≥3%, and a moisture content of ≤12%, and the particle size of the second feed is 0.42-0.62 mm; The total daily feeding amount of the manno-oligosaccharide and the second feed is 4-6% of the fish body weight; The daily feeding mass ratio of the manno-oligosaccharide to the second feed is (0.2-0.3):

100.

9. The breeding method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Step (3) further includes: in the third breeding, eliminating weak seedlings every 10 days; The weak seedling elimination comprises: introducing juveniles of Channa argus into the third breeding pond, and isolating the juveniles of Channa argus from juveniles of Gobiocypris longifin by using a partition; the partition comprises a first partition and a second partition, the first partition is provided with a plurality of holes with a diameter of 3-5 mm, and the spacing between adjacent holes is 0.5 cm, the second partition comprises a plurality of holes with a diameter of 7-9 mm, and the spacing between adjacent holes is 1 cm; the first partition is closer to the juveniles of Gobiocypris longifin relative to the second partition; The water flow rate is controlled to be 0.3 m / s, and the first partition is removed, so that the weak seedlings among the long-fin goby fry are preyed upon by the black snakehead fry through the circular holes with a diameter of 7-9 mm, thereby achieving the elimination of the weak seedlings.

10. The breeding method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: In step (1), the fertilized eggs of the long-finned goby are placed at a density of 4500-6000 eggs / m 3 and / or, In step (2), the second culture meets the following conditions: the initial culture density of the juvenile longfin goby is 8000-10000 / m 3 ; After 15-20 days, the breeding density of the long-fin goby fry is 4000-5000 tails / m 3 and / or, In step (3), the third culture meets the following conditions: the culture density of the juvenile longfin goby is 1000-3000 fish / m 3 .

Images