Five-way forge piece forging die and forging forming method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of forging, in particular to a five-way forge piece forging die and a forging forming method of the five-way forge piece forging die, and the forming method comprises the steps of die installation, initial blank heating and die preheating, die opening and blank placing, die closing, upper punch upset-extruding, horizontal upset-extruding, upper punch upset-extruding again and die opening and piece taking. According to the forging forming process and the forming die, the five-way forged piece which is extremely small in machining allowance and excellent in mechanical performance can be obtained only by conducting single-time heating on the initial blank and conducting single-time operation with the help of a multi-directional die forging press; the process has the remarkable advantages of simple procedures and flow, the material utilization rate and the production efficiency can be effectively improved, the production cost is reduced, and the service life of the mold is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of forging, and specifically relates to a forging die for a five-way forging and a forging and forming method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A large number of various integral joints are used in oil drilling and production manifolds. These joints are the most important fluid distribution components in the manifold connection system. Among them, the cross-shaped three-dimensional five-way joint is one of the most complex-shaped integral joints. Due to its complex shape, the casting forming method was previously mostly used for manufacturing.

[0003] In the prior art, the forging and forming method for manufacturing five-way joints has a complex shape and a sharp change in cross-section, resulting in a large number of forging processes. At least four processes of blank making, pre-forging, final forging, and trimming are required. The process is very complex, the material utilization rate and production efficiency are not high, and the production cost is high. Therefore, how to simplify the forging process, improve the material utilization rate and production efficiency has become an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a forging die for a five-way forging with fewer processes and a simple process and a forging and forming method thereof.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

[0006] A forging die for a five-way forging includes: a lower die, an upper die, an upper punch, and a horizontal punch. There are two horizontal punches, which are symmetrically arranged left and right; the lower die is connected to the working table of a multi-directional forging press, the upper die is connected to the moving beam of the multi-directional forging press, and the horizontal punch is connected to the horizontal cylinder of the multi-directional forging press; the upper punch is connected to the vertical piercing cylinder of the multi-directional forging press. A lower die cavity is provided in the lower die, and two lower semi-circular grooves are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the lower die. The two lower semi-circular grooves are communicated with the lower die cavity; an upper die cavity is provided in the upper die, and two upper semi-circular grooves are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the upper die. The two upper semi-circular grooves are communicated with the upper die cavity; a through hole is provided on the upper die, and the through hole penetrates from the top surface to the upper die cavity; after the lower die and the upper die are closed, the upper die cavity and the lower die cavity can form a cavity adapted to the outer contour of the five-way forging, and the two upper semi-circular grooves and the two lower semi-circular grooves are combined into two upsetting holes adapted to the horizontal punch.

[0007] As a preference, a further technical solution of the present invention is:

[0008] The present invention also discloses a forging and forming method for a five-way forging, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0009] S1, Die installation: Connect the lower die to the working table of the multi-directional forging press, and connect the upper die to the moving beam of the multi-directional forging press; Connect the horizontal punch to the horizontal cylinder of the multi-directional forging press; Connect the upper punch to the vertical piercing cylinder of the multi-directional forging press;

[0010] S2, Initial blank heating and die preheating: The initial blank is in the shape of a round bar, heated to the starting forging temperature and held; The die is preheated to 200°C - 300°C;

[0011] S3, Open the die and place the initial blank: The initial blank is taken out of the furnace, and the initial blank is horizontally placed into the lower die;

[0012] S4, Close the die: The upper die moves downward to close the die with the lower die;

[0013] S5, The upper punch moves downward: The upper punch moves downward to the first preset position;

[0014] S6, Horizontal upsetting and extrusion: The horizontal punch adopts a displacement synchronous control method, moves towards each other, extrudes the blank, and makes the blank flow into the front, back and upper cavities;

[0015] S7, Upsetting and extrusion by the upper punch: The upper punch moves downward to the end position to press the blank entering the upper die cavity, so that it fills the upper cavity and the front and back cavities in sequence, forming a five-way forging;

[0016] S8, Open the die and take out the part: The horizontal punch retracts, the upper die moves upward to open the die, the forging is taken out of the upper die under the action of the upper punch, the upper punch returns, and the manipulator takes away the forging.

[0017] As a preference, a further technical solution of the present invention is:

[0018] Preferably, in step S5, the first preset position where the upper punch moves downward is 25 - 35 mm above the end position.

[0019] The present invention adopting the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, its prominent feature is:

[0020] Applying the forging process and forming die provided by the present invention, only the initial blank needs to be heated once, and with a single operation of the multi-directional forging press, a five-way forging with extremely small machining allowance and excellent mechanical properties can be obtained; This process has the significant advantages of concise processes and simple flow, can effectively improve the material utilization rate and production efficiency, reduce the production cost, and extend the service life of the die. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram when the five-way forging is forged and formed and the die is closed in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram when the blank is placed and the die is opened in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lower die in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic side view structural diagram of the upper die in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic bottom view structural diagram of the upper die in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic side view structural diagram of the five-way forging part to be forged in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic top view structural diagram of the five-way forging part to be forged in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals: 1, horizontal punch; 2, upper die; 201, upper die cavity; 202, upper semi-circular groove; 203, through hole; 3, initial blank; 4, upper punch; 5, lower die; 501, lower die cavity; 502, lower semi-circular groove; 6, five-way forging part. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, and the purpose is only to better understand the content of the present invention. Therefore, the examples given do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] As Figures 1 to 7 shown, this embodiment provides a five-way forging die, including: a lower die 5, an upper die 2, an upper punch 4 and a horizontal punch 1. There are two horizontal punches 1, which are symmetrically arranged left and right; the lower die 5 is connected to the workbench of the multi-directional forging press, the upper die 2 is connected to the moving beam of the multi-directional forging press, and the horizontal punch 1 is connected to the horizontal cylinder of the multi-directional forging press; the upper punch is connected to the vertical piercing cylinder of the multi-directional forging press. The lower die 5 is provided with a lower die cavity 501, and two lower semi-circular grooves 502 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the lower die 5, and the two lower semi-circular grooves 502 are communicated with the lower die cavity 501; the upper die 2 is provided with an upper die cavity 201, and two upper semi-circular grooves 202 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the lower die 5, and the two upper semi-circular grooves 202 are communicated with the upper die cavity 201; the upper die 2 is provided with a through hole 203, and the through hole 203 penetrates from the top surface to the upper die cavity 201; after the lower die 5 and the upper die 2 are closed, the upper die cavity 201 and the lower die cavity 501 can form a cavity adapted to the outer contour of the five-way forging part 6, and the two upper semi-circular grooves 202 and the two lower semi-circular grooves 502 are combined into two upsetting holes adapted to the horizontal punch 1.

[0031] The present invention also discloses a method for forging and forming a five-way forging part, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0032] S1, Die installation: Connect the lower die 5 to the working table of the multi-directional forging press, and connect the upper die 2 to the moving beam of the multi-directional forging press; Connect the horizontal punch 1 to the horizontal cylinder of the multi-directional forging press; Connect the upper punch to the vertical piercing cylinder of the multi-directional forging press.

[0033] S2, Initial billet 3 heating and die preheating: The initial billet 3 is in the shape of a round bar, heated to the starting forging temperature and held; The die is preheated to 200°C - 300°C.

[0034] S3, Open the die and place the billet: The initial billet 3 is taken out of the furnace, and the initial billet 3 is horizontally placed into the lower die 5.

[0035] S4, Close the die: The upper die 2 moves downward to close with the lower die 5.

[0036] S5, The upper punch 4 moves downward: The upper punch moves downward to the first preset position; The first preset position is 25 - 35 mm above the end position of the downward movement of the upper punch; Among them, the end position of the downward movement of the upper punch is the upper edge of the upper die cavity 201.

[0037] S6, Horizontal upsetting and extrusion: The horizontal punch 1 adopts a displacement synchronous control method, moves in opposite directions, extrudes the billet, and makes the billet flow into the cavity formed by the upper die cavity 201, the upper punch 4 and the through hole 203.

[0038] S7, Upper punch upsetting and extrusion: The upper punch moves downward to the end position, presses the billet in the cavity formed by the upper punch 4 and the through hole 203 into the upper die cavity 201, and fills the upper die cavity 201 in sequence to form a five-way forging 6.

[0039] S8, Open the die and take out the workpiece: The horizontal punch 1 retracts, the upper die 2 moves upward to open the die, the forging is taken out of the upper die 2 under the action of the upper punch 4, the upper punch 4 returns, and the manipulator takes away the forging.

[0040] Applying the forging process and forming die provided by the present invention, only the initial billet 3 needs to be heated once, and with a single operation of the multi-directional forging press, a five-way forging 6 with extremely small machining allowance and excellent mechanical properties can be obtained; This process has the significant advantages of concise processes and simple flow, can effectively improve the material utilization rate and production efficiency, and reduce the production cost.

[0041] Specifically: during the forging process of the present invention, two horizontal punches and one upper punch participate in upsetting and extrusion deformation. Compared with the multi-process ordinary die forging in the prior art and the multi-directional die forging forming where less than three punches participate in upsetting and extrusion deformation, the following beneficial effects are achieved: 1. Improving material utilization rate and forging properties: Since multi-process ordinary die forging requires at least two heating times and there will inevitably be a large flash in the forging, the method of the present invention can increase the material utilization rate by more than 15%; in addition, because the corresponding forming scheme of the present invention is closed-die extrusion, the forging structure is dense, there is no need for trimming, the metal flow line of the forging is continuous, and the forging properties and reliability are high; 2. Reducing the functional requirements for multi-directional die forging equipment: When only two horizontal punches are used, the blank needs to flow into the closed cavities perpendicular to the movement direction of the punches under the opposite extrusion of the horizontal punches. Especially for the cavities corresponding to the two long axes in the front and back directions, not only does the metal need to flow with a large displacement, but also the edges need to be filled, so the required forming force is necessarily large, and the corresponding multi-directional die forging equipment capacity is large; when using 4 or 5 punches to form the three axes of the corresponding forging respectively, the forming force will be reduced to some extent, but a multi-directional die forging press with relatively large acting forces in at least 5 directions is required, and the functional requirements for the press are high; the present application uses two horizontal punches and one upper punch to work together, which not only reduces the forming force required in one direction but also reduces the functional requirements for multi-directional die forging equipment.

[0042] The above are only the preferred feasible embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of rights of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent changes made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention are included in the scope of rights of the present invention.

Claims

1. A five-way forging die, comprising: It includes a lower die, an upper die, an upper punch and a horizontal punch. Two horizontal punches are provided, which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right. The lower die is connected to the workbench of the multi-directional die forging press, the upper die is connected to the moving beam of the multi-directional die forging press, the horizontal punch is connected to the horizontal cylinder of the multi-directional die forging press, and the upper punch is connected to the vertical perforating cylinder of the multi-directional die forging press. It is characterized in that: A lower mold cavity is provided in the lower mold, and two lower semi-arc grooves are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the lower mold, and the two lower semi-arc grooves are connected to the lower mold cavity; An upper mold cavity is provided in the upper mold, and two upper semi-arc grooves are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the upper mold, and the two upper semi-arc grooves are connected to the upper mold cavity; a through hole is provided on the upper mold, and the through hole passes through from the top surface to the upper mold cavity; After the lower die is closed with the upper die, the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity can form a cavity adapted to the outer contour of the five-way forging, and the two upper semi-arc grooves and the two lower semi-arc grooves are combined into two rough holes adapted to the horizontal punch.

2. A method for forging a five-way forging, characterized in that: The forging die of the five-way forging as claimed in claim 1 is used for forging, and the specific steps are as follows: S1, die installation: connect the lower die to the workbench of the multi-directional die forging press, connect the upper die to the moving beam of the multi-directional die forging press; connect the horizontal punch to the horizontal cylinder of the multi-directional die forging press; connect the upper punch to the vertical perforating cylinder of the multi-directional die forging press; S2, initial billet heating and die preheating: the initial billet is in the shape of a round bar, heated to the initial forging temperature and kept warm; the die is preheated to 200℃-300℃; S3, open the mold and place the blank: the initial blank is taken out of the furnace and placed horizontally in the lower mold; S4, mold closing: the upper mold moves down and closes with the lower mold; S5, upper punch moves downward: the upper punch moves downward to a first preset position; S6, horizontal upsetting: The horizontal punch adopts displacement synchronous control mode, moves in opposite directions, and squeezes the blank, so that the blank flows in the forward and backward directions and the upper cavity; S7, upper punch upsetting: the upper punch moves downward to the end position to press the blank entering the upper mold cavity, so that the blank fills the upper cavity and the front and rear cavities in sequence to form a five-way forging; S8, open the die and take out the part: the horizontal punch retracts, the upper die moves upward to open the die, the forging is ejected from the upper die under the action of the upper punch, the upper punch returns, and the robot takes away the forging.

3. The forging method of a five-way forging according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S5, the first preset position of the upper punch in descending direction is 25-35 mm above the end position.

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