A clamping device for turning large bars

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of turning equipment, and provides a clamping device for turning large bar materials, which includes a main shaft, a center, and a lathe body. There are two fork-shaped devices arranged in a staggered front-back distribution on both sides of the lathe body. The fork-shaped devices are arranged close to the direction where the center is located and are inclined upward from bottom to top towards the large bar material. The fork-shaped device includes two fork arms distributed in a V shape. The two fork arms of the same fork-shaped device are inclined and inserted from the side of the lathe body to the tail end of the large bar material, and leave a space for the tool rest to feed. The two fork-shaped devices are inserted with the large bar material to form 6 pairs of V-shaped support pairs. A control component for controlling its advance and retreat is arranged at the tail end of the fork-shaped device. In the present invention, the main shaft and the center clamp the large bar material, and 6 pairs of V-shaped support pairs are formed by 2 fork-shaped devices to support the large bar material workpiece. The design is reasonable, the clamping stability is good, and sufficient feed and feed-in and feed-out spaces are left for the lathe's slide plate and the tool. The large bar material can be fully processed, which is suitable for large-scale promotion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of turning equipment, and particularly relates to a clamping device for turning large bar materials. Background Art

[0002] In a machining workshop, many products use bar materials as the main blanks, such as drive shafts in shaft parts, rod parts, bolts, and gear parts, etc. For some large-diameter parts such as crane flanges, large bar materials with large diameters are used as blanks. When turning large bar materials, a special processing lathe is required for processing.

[0003] Currently, for lathes for processing large bar materials, a design of a spindle + tailstock center is mostly adopted for clamping them. The specifications of the spindle and the center are larger than those used in general lathes to ensure the stability of large bar materials during turning. However, generally, other clamping devices are still needed to fully ensure the stability and coaxiality of the bar materials. The existing patent CN202021807064.X discloses a clamping device for turning large magnesium alloy bar materials, including a platform, a steering mechanism, a first sliding sleeve, a spring, a first sliding rod, a clamping rod, a clamping groove, and a handle. For this clamping device for turning large magnesium alloy bar materials, when one end of the large magnesium alloy bar material placed inside the second cylinder is cut, the clamping rod can be driven by the handle to cancel the clamping connection with the clamping groove, so that the vertical rod drives the first cylinder and the second cylinder to rotate by 180 degrees, and the clamping rod and the clamping groove are clamped to complete the rotation of the large magnesium alloy bar material. Without a center, double-sided clamping can drive the large magnesium alloy bar material to rotate stably. However, such a clamping device causes a long part in the middle of the workpiece not to be machined, especially the tool rest cannot perform tool feeding and retracting operations near it, affecting the machining efficiency of the lathe. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned clamping device for lathes, the present invention provides a clamping device for turning large bar materials with reasonable design, more clamping angles, better clamping stability, and being beneficial to fully machining large bar materials.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that a clamping device for turning large bar materials provided by the present invention includes a main shaft and a center. Both the main shaft and the center are arranged above the lathe body. The main shaft is used to clamp one end of the large bar material, and the center is used to center the other end of the large bar material. Two fork-shaped devices distributed in a front-back staggered manner are arranged on both sides of the lathe body. The fork-shaped device is arranged close to the direction where the center is located and is inclined upward towards the large bar material. The fork-shaped device includes two fork arms distributed in a V shape. The two fork arms of the same fork-shaped device are inclined and fork-connected from the side of the lathe body to the tail end of the large bar material to vacate a space for the tool rest to feed. The two fork-shaped devices and the large bar material are fork-connected to form 6 pairs of V-shaped support pairs. A control component for controlling its advance and retreat is arranged at the tail end of the fork-shaped device.

[0006] Preferably, the fork-shaped device includes a main board with a V-shaped plane projection. The fork arms are arranged at both ends of the main board. Two anti-torsion guide rods distributed close to the root parts of the two fork arms are arranged on the back of the main board. A telescopic shaft is also arranged on the back of the main board. The telescopic shaft is in transmission connection with the control component.

[0007] Preferably, the fork arm is of a trapezoidal structure, and the two waists of the fork arm are smoothly transitioned with the two sides of the end of the main board.

[0008] Preferably, a cylindrical surface groove is arranged on one edge of the fork arm facing the large bar material, and a support roller rotatably connected with its rotation axis is arranged in the cylindrical surface groove.

[0009] Preferably, the control component includes a transmission box. One side of the transmission box is provided with an inclined surface opposite to the fork-shaped device. A structural hole for cooperating with the anti-torsion guide rod and the telescopic shaft is arranged on the inclined surface. A rotary support assembly assembled and connected with the inclined surface is arranged inside the transmission box. A threaded sliding sleeve is arranged at the center of the rotary support assembly. The threaded sliding sleeve is in rotary cooperation with the telescopic shaft. A gear set is arranged on the outer side of the threaded sliding sleeve and is in transmission connection with it. A driving motor is arranged at the power input end of the gear set.

[0010] Preferably, the gear set includes a large bevel gear. A small bevel gear meshing with the transmission side of the large bevel gear is arranged on the transmission side of the large bevel gear. The axial end face of the small bevel gear is distributed on the side of the transmission box facing the lathe body. A second driven straight gear coaxially driven with the small bevel gear is arranged between the small bevel gear and the transmission box. A transition tooth shaft is arranged on the transmission side of the second driven straight gear. A first driven straight gear is arranged on the transition tooth shaft. An input gear is arranged on the transmission side of the first driven straight gear. The input gear is in transmission connection with the driving motor.

[0011] Preferably, the rotary support assembly includes two half shaft covers that are docked and fitted. The half shaft covers are connected to the transmission case by bolts. A rotary support plate connected to the transmission case is provided inside the half shaft covers. The rotary support plate, the half shaft covers, and the end of the threaded sliding sleeve are nested and fitted.

[0012] Preferably, the threaded sliding sleeve includes a sleeve body. One end of the sleeve body is disposed between the rotary support plate and the half shaft cover. An annular groove for installing a gear set is provided on the side surface of the sleeve body. A thread pair that cooperates with the telescopic shaft is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve body.

[0013] Preferably, a side cover plate is provided on the side of the transmission case away from the lathe body. A guiding cylinder opposite to the telescopic shaft is provided on the side cover plate. One end of the guiding cylinder is an open end and is in supporting cooperation with the threaded sliding sleeve. The other end of the guiding cylinder is a closed end and is located outside the side cover plate.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] A clamping device for turning large bar materials provided by the present invention, under the clamping of a main shaft and a center, forms 6 pairs of V-shaped support pairs through 2 fork-shaped devices to support a large bar material workpiece. The design is reasonable, there are more clamping angles, the clamping stability is good, and sufficient tool travel and feed and retraction spaces are provided for the lathe slide and the tool, which is beneficial to meeting the requirements for full processing of large bar materials and is suitable for large-scale popularization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0017] Figure 1 An isometric view of a clamping device for turning large bar materials provided for the embodiment;

[0018] Figure 2 A front view of a clamping device for turning large bar materials provided for the embodiment;

[0019] Figure 3 A top view of a clamping device for turning large bar materials provided for the embodiment;

[0020] Figure 4 A side view of a clamping device for turning large bar materials provided for the embodiment;

[0021] Figure 5 A distribution diagram of two fork-shaped devices provided for the embodiment;

[0022] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the internal structures of the fork device and the transmission case provided for the embodiment;

[0023] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the fork device and the control component provided for the embodiment;

[0024] Figure 8 Cross-sectional view of the control component provided for the embodiment;

[0025] In the above figures:

[0026] 1. Main shaft; 2. Center point; 3. Lathe body; 4. Fork device; 41. Fork arm; 42. Main board; 43. Anti-torsion guide rod; 44. Telescopic shaft; 45. Support roller; 5. Control component; 51. Transmission case; 52. Inclined plane; 53. Rotary support assembly; 531. Half shaft cover; 532. Bolt; 533. Rotary support plate; 54. Threaded sliding sleeve; 55. Gear set; 551. Large bevel gear; 552. Small bevel gear; 553. Second driven spur gear; 554. Intermediate gear shaft; 555. First driven spur gear; 556. Input gear; 56. Driving motor; 57. Side cover plate; 58. Guide cylinder; 6. Large bar stock. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] In order to more clearly understand the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. For the convenience of narration, words such as "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" as used hereinafter only indicate the same directions as the upper, lower, left and right directions of the accompanying drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.

[0028] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the limitations of the specific embodiments disclosed in the following specification.

[0029] Embodiment, such as Figures 1-8As shown, the present invention provides a clamping device for turning large bars, including a main shaft 1 and a center 2, wherein the main shaft 1 and the center 2 are both arranged above a lathe body 3, the end of the main shaft 1 is a chuck for clamping one end of a large bar 6, and the center 2 is used to center the other end of the large bar 6, and two fork-shaped devices 4 are arranged on both sides of the lathe body 3 and are staggered front and back. The fork-shaped device 4 is arranged close to the direction of the center 2 and is inclined from bottom to top toward the large bar 6, and the fork-shaped device 4 includes two fork arms 41 distributed in a V-shape, and the two fork arms 41 of the same fork-shaped device 4 are inclined and forked from the side of the lathe body 3 to the tail end of the large bar 6 and make room for the tool holder to move the tool, and the two fork-shaped devices 4 are forked with the large bar 6 to form 6 pairs of V-shaped support pairs, and the tail end of the fork-shaped device 4 is provided with a control component 5 for controlling its advance and retreat.

[0030] Specifically, the chuck and the top 2 of the spindle 1 clamp the large bar 6 from both ends respectively. On this basis, the present invention can form 6 pairs of V-shaped support pairs through 2 fork-shaped devices 4 to support the large bar 6 workpiece. The 6 pairs of V-shaped support pairs are: 2 fork-shaped devices 4 each have 1 support pair, and the fork arms 41 of the 2 fork-shaped devices 4 can form 4 support pairs through cross-combination. The design is reasonable, with more clamping angles and better clamping stability. Further, from the perspective of the inclined fork connection characteristics of the fork-shaped device 4, the suspended part of the fork arm 41 and the space between the fork arms 41 give the slide plate and the tool of the lathe sufficient space for tool feeding and advance and retreat, which does not affect the advance and retreat operation of the lathe, and the large bar 6, except for the part clamped by the chuck, is exposed to the tool, which is conducive to meeting the requirement that the large bar 6 is fully processed.

[0031] In order to improve the supporting performance of the fork-shaped device 4, the fork-shaped device 4 provided by the present invention includes a main board 42 with a V-shaped plane projection, fork arms 41 are arranged at both ends of the main board 42, two anti-torsion guide rods 43 distributed near the roots of the two fork arms 41 are arranged on the back of the main board 42, and a telescopic shaft 44 is also arranged on the back of the main board 42, and the telescopic shaft 44 is connected to the control component 5. Among them, the fork arms 41 on the main board 42 naturally carry a V-shaped support pair, and the interval between the two fork arms 41 is formed into a space system for the tool to pass through in a triangular distribution manner, which is conducive to the tool to complete a complete axial formation; at the same time, the main board 42 also provides a triangular support surface for the telescopic shaft 44 and the two anti-torsion guide rods 43, which is conducive to the three to play a supporting role in the space system, and improve the supporting performance and anti-bending performance of the fork-shaped device 4.

[0032] Furthermore, the fork arm 41 provided by the present invention is a trapezoidal structure and its two waist sides are smoothly transitioned to both sides of the end of the main board 42, thereby improving the supporting strength of the fork arm 41 in the spatial support system, especially improving the torsional resistance of its root.

[0033] In order to improve the mating performance between the fork arm 41 and the large bar 6, the fork arm 41 provided by the present invention is provided with a cylindrical groove on one edge facing the large bar 6, and a support roller 45 rotatably connected and mated with its rotation axis is arranged in the cylindrical groove. By using the roller surface of the support roller 45 to support the large bar 6, part of the power of the large bar 6 rotating with the main shaft 1 can be converted into the rotation action of the support roller 45. On the premise of ensuring reasonable support, friction can be reduced and noise pollution can be lowered. In addition, when the turning feed rate is relatively large, after the point / line contact between the support roller 45 and the large bar 6 is separated, the resistance of the fork 4 to continue to extend and contact the large bar 6 can be reduced, ensuring the real-time contact effect of the fork 4 on the large bar 6.

[0034] Considering the characteristics of the loading of the lathe, in order to facilitate the large bar 6 to be clamped between the main shaft 1 and the center tip 2 at the initial position, the control component 5 provided by the present invention can control the advance and retreat of the fork 4, especially to withdraw the fork 4 from the front projection range of the large bar 6 before loading. Specifically, the control component 5 provided by the present invention includes a transmission box 51. A slope 52 opposite to the fork 4 is arranged on one side of the transmission box 51. Structure holes for cooperating with the torsion-resistant guide rod 43 and the telescopic shaft 44 are arranged on the slope 52. A rotary support assembly 53 assembled and connected with the slope 52 is arranged inside the transmission box 51. A threaded sliding sleeve 54 is arranged at the center of the rotary support assembly 53. The threaded sliding sleeve 54 is rotationally mated with the telescopic shaft 44. A gear set 55 is arranged on the outer side of the threaded sliding sleeve 54 and is drivingly connected therewith. A driving motor 56 is arranged at the power input end of the gear set 55. Among them, the rotary support assembly 53 plays a role in supporting the threaded sliding sleeve 54 and the end gear of the gear set 55. The driving motor 56 drives the gear set 55 to generate orderly meshing transmission. The gear located at the transmission end can rotate synchronously with the threaded sliding sleeve 54. The threaded sliding sleeve 54 can convert its rotation action into the telescopic action of the telescopic shaft 44, thereby realizing the advance and retreat actions of the fork 4.

[0035] In order to improve the space intensiveness inside the transmission case 51 and meet the transmission requirements, first of all, the gear set 55 provided by the present invention is a reduction system. More specifically, the gear set 55 provided by the present invention includes a large bevel gear 551. A small bevel gear 552 meshing with the large bevel gear 551 is arranged on the transmission side of the large bevel gear 551. The axial end face of the small bevel gear 552 is distributed on the side of the transmission case 51 facing the lathe body 3. A second driven spur gear 553 coaxially driven with the small bevel gear 552 is arranged between the small bevel gear 552 and the transmission case 51. A transition tooth shaft 554 is arranged on the transmission side of the second driven spur gear 553. A first driven spur gear 555 is arranged on the transition tooth shaft 554. An input gear 556 is arranged on the transmission side of the first driven spur gear 555. The input gear 556 is in transmission connection with the drive motor 56. Among them, the large bevel gear 551 and the small bevel gear 552 are used to transfer the rotation plane of the thread sliding sleeve 54 to the vertical plane of the transmission case 51, playing a role in changing the transmission direction. And the second driven spur gear 553 is used to synchronize the power from the transition tooth shaft 554 to the small bevel gear 552. While the second driven spur gear 553, the transition tooth shaft 554, the first driven spur gear 555 and the input gear 556 realize the reduction transmission, they also switch the height of the power input shaft to a relatively low position. Especially, the input shaft and the drive motor 56 are avoided from the retraction range of the telescopic shaft 44. Therefore, on the basis of ensuring the internal transmission requirements of the entire transmission case 51, the space intensiveness inside the transmission case 51 is improved, and the reasonable realization of the advancing and retreating capabilities of the fork-shaped device 4 is also ensured.

[0036] In order to improve the utilization rate of the rotary support assembly 53, the rotary support assembly 53 provided by the present invention includes two half shaft covers 531 that are butt-jointed and matched. The half shaft covers 531 are connected to the transmission case 51 through bolts 532. A rotary support plate 533 connected to the transmission case 51 is arranged inside the half shaft covers 531. The rotary support plate 533, the half shaft covers 531 and the end of the thread sliding sleeve 54 are nested and matched. Among them, the rotary support plate 533 and the inclined surface 52 of the transmission case 51 can adopt an integral design. An annular groove that rotates and cooperates with the thread sliding sleeve 54 is arranged on the support surface of the rotary support plate 533. The annular groove plays the role of a bearing. The two half shaft covers 531 are fixed on the transmission case 51 in a half-open and half-closed manner, and the thread sliding sleeve 54 can be effectively assembled on the inclined surface 52 of the transmission case 51, thereby ensuring the effective transmission between the thread sliding sleeve 54 and the telescopic shaft 44.

[0037] Furthermore, the threaded sliding sleeve 54 provided by the present invention includes a sleeve body. One end of the sleeve body is arranged between the rotating support plate 533 and the half shaft cover 531. An annular groove for installing the large bevel gear 551 is arranged on the side surface of the sleeve body. The annular groove and the large bevel gear 551 are synchronously driven through key connection. A thread pair cooperating with the telescopic shaft 44 is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve body. Among them, the thread pair can convert the rotational movements of the threaded sliding sleeve 54 and the large bevel gear 551 into the linear advancing and retreating movements of the telescopic shaft 44.

[0038] In order to improve the advancing and retreating stability of the fork device 4, in addition to the guiding action provided by the anti-torsion guiding rod 43, the present invention also provides a side cover plate 57 on the side of the transmission case 51 away from the lathe body 3. The edge of the side cover plate 57 is fixedly connected to the transmission case 51 through bolts. A guiding cylinder 58 opposite to the telescopic shaft 44 is arranged on the side cover plate 57. One end of the guiding cylinder 58 is an open end and is supported and cooperated with the threaded sliding sleeve 54. The other end of the guiding cylinder 58 is a closed end and is located outside the side cover plate 57. In this way, the guiding cylinder 58 not only plays a role in supporting the threaded sliding sleeve 54, but also provides a fixed exit path for the telescopic shaft 44, which is beneficial to improving the action quality of the fork device 4 and, to a certain extent, beneficial to extending the actual service life of the equipment.

[0039] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in other forms. Any person skilled in the art may use the technical content disclosed above to make changes or modifications into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes and apply them to other fields. However, as long as it does not depart from the technical solution content of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A clamping device for turning large bar materials, comprising a main shaft and a center, both the main shaft and the center are arranged above the lathe body, the main shaft is used to clamp one end of the large bar material, and the center is used to center the other end of the large bar material, characterized in that, On both sides of the lathe body, there are two fork-shaped devices arranged in a staggered front-back pattern. The fork-shaped devices are arranged close to the direction where the center point is located and are inclined upward from bottom to top towards the large bar. Each fork-shaped device includes two fork arms distributed in a V shape. The two fork arms of the same fork-shaped device are inclined and inserted from the side of the lathe body to the tail end of the large bar, leaving a space for the tool rest to feed. The two fork-shaped devices and the large bar form 6 pairs of V-shaped support pairs. At the tail end of the fork-shaped device, there is a control component for controlling its advancement and retreat.

2. The clamping device for turning large bars according to claim 1, characterized in that The fork-shaped device includes a main board with a V-shaped planar projection. The fork arms are arranged at both ends of the main board. On the back of the main board, there are two anti-torsion guide rods distributed near the roots of the two fork arms. On the back of the main board, there is also a telescopic shaft, which is in transmission connection with the control component.

3. A clamping device for turning large bar materials according to claim 2, characterized in that The fork arm is of a trapezoidal structure, and the two waistsides thereof are smoothly transitioned with the two sides of the end of the main board.

4. A clamping device for turning large bar materials according to claim 3, characterized in that, On one edge of the fork arm facing the large bar, there is a cylindrical surface groove, and in the cylindrical surface groove, there is a support roller rotatably connected with its rotating shaft.

5. A clamping device for turning large bars according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The control component includes a transmission box. On one side of the transmission box, there is an inclined surface opposite to the fork-shaped device. On the inclined surface, there are structural holes for cooperating with the anti-torsion guide rods and the telescopic shaft. Inside the transmission box, there is a rotary support assembly assembled and connected with the inclined surface. At the center of the rotary support assembly, there is a threaded sliding sleeve, which is in rotary cooperation with the telescopic shaft. On the outside of the threaded sliding sleeve, there is a gear set in transmission connection with it. The power input end of the gear set is provided with a driving motor.

6. The clamping device for turning large bars according to claim 5, wherein, The gear set includes a large bevel gear. On the transmission side of the large bevel gear, there is a small bevel gear meshing with it. The axial end face of the small bevel gear is distributed on the side of the transmission box facing the lathe body. Between the small bevel gear and the transmission box, there is a second driven spur gear coaxially driven with the small bevel gear. On the transmission side of the second driven spur gear, there is a transition tooth shaft, and on the transition tooth shaft, there is a first driven spur gear. On the transmission side of the first driven spur gear, there is an input gear, and the input gear is in transmission connection with the driving motor.

7. A clamping device for turning large bar materials according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rotary support assembly includes two half shaft covers that are butt-jointed and cooperated. The half shaft covers are connected to the transmission box by bolts. On the inner side of the half shaft covers, there are rotary support plates connected to the transmission box. The rotary support plates, the half shaft covers and the end of the threaded sliding sleeve are in nested cooperation.

8. A clamping device for turning large bar materials according to claim 7, characterized in that, The threaded sliding sleeve includes a sliding sleeve body. One end of the sliding sleeve body is arranged between the rotary support plate and the half shaft cover. On the side of the sliding sleeve body, there is an annular groove for installing the gear set. On the inner wall of the sliding sleeve body, there is a thread pair for cooperating with the telescopic shaft.

9. A clamping device for turning large bar materials according to claim 5, characterized in that On the side of the transmission box away from the lathe body, there is a side cover plate. On the side cover plate, there is a guide cylinder opposite to the telescopic shaft. One end of the guide cylinder is an open end and is in support cooperation with the threaded sliding sleeve. The other end of the guide cylinder is a blocked end and is located outside the side cover plate.

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