Formwork system of movable formwork bridge fabrication machine and bridge construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a formwork system of a movable formwork bridge fabrication machine and a bridge construction method, and relates to the technical field of bridge construction.The formwork system of the movable formwork bridge fabrication machine comprises a bottom formwork assembly, a side formwork assembly and an inner formwork assembly, the bottom formwork assembly comprises a plurality of block bottom formworks, and the block bottom formworks are connected through splice plates; forming a continuous bottom die surface; the side formwork assembly comprises a web side formwork and a wing plate side formwork, the web side formwork and the wing plate side formwork are connected with the edge of the bottom formwork assembly through adjustable connecting pieces, and the side formwork assembly can move in the length direction of the bottom formwork assembly so as to adapt to bridges with different widths; the inner mold assembly is laid on the inner sides of the bottom mold assembly and the side mold assemblies. By the adoption of the partitioned bottom formwork assembly, the position-adjustable side formwork assembly and the position-adjustable inner formwork assembly, the problems that a traditional formwork system is poor in adjustment and adaptability, large in weight and cumbersome to mount and dismount are effectively solved, the construction cost is reduced, the construction period is shortened, and the construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bridge construction, and particularly relates to a formwork system of a movable scaffolding bridge erector and a bridge construction method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of bridge construction, traditional construction methods mainly rely on the fabrication and installation of precast beams, or the construction of simply supported box girders using the falsework method on site. Although these methods have been developed and applied for many years, they have become conventional techniques in bridge construction.

[0003] Currently, cast-in-place concrete in bridge construction is mainly achieved by using formwork. The formwork system usually includes a support structure and a covering material to maintain the shape and position of the concrete during the setting and hardening process. During construction, the formwork needs to be precisely installed and fixed to ensure that the concrete structure is formed according to the design requirements.

[0004] However, the traditional formwork system has poor adjustability and adaptability, and is relatively heavy. The installation and disassembly processes are cumbersome and labor-intensive, which not only increases the construction cost, but also prolongs the construction period, resulting in low construction efficiency of the bridge. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of the present invention is to propose a formwork system of a movable scaffolding bridge erector and a bridge construction method, aiming to solve the technical problem that the traditional formwork system has poor adjustability and adaptability, resulting in low construction efficiency of the bridge.

[0006] To achieve the above objective, the formwork system of the movable scaffolding bridge erector proposed by the present invention includes:

[0007] A bottom formwork assembly, the bottom formwork assembly includes a plurality of segmented bottom formworks, and the plurality of segmented bottom formworks are connected by splicing plates to form a continuous bottom formwork surface;

[0008] A side formwork assembly, the side formwork assembly includes a web side formwork and a flange side formwork, the web side formwork and the flange side formwork are connected to the edge of the bottom formwork assembly through adjustable connectors, and the side formwork assembly can move along the length direction of the bottom formwork assembly to adapt to bridges of different widths;

[0009] An inner formwork assembly, the inner formwork assembly is laid on the inner sides of the bottom formwork assembly and the side formwork assembly.

[0010] In one embodiment, a chamfer is provided at the upper edge of the segmented bottom formwork for guiding the flow of the concrete during concrete pouring.

[0011] In one embodiment, the inner formwork assembly includes a wooden frame and wooden boards, the wooden boards cover the wooden frame, and the wooden frame is arranged between the wooden boards and the bottom formwork assembly and the side formwork assembly.

[0012] In one embodiment, the formwork system of the traveling formwork bridge erector further includes a formwork adjusting mechanism, which is installed on the bottom formwork assembly and is used to move the bottom formwork assembly vertically.

[0013] In one embodiment, the formwork adjusting mechanism includes an adjusting screw, an adjusting base, an adjusting handle and a first locking nut. The adjusting base is installed on the bottom formwork assembly. The adjusting screw extends vertically. One end of the adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the adjusting base, and the other end of the adjusting screw is connected to the adjusting handle. The adjusting screw is also threadedly connected with a first locking nut, and the first locking nut is arranged below the adjusting base.

[0014] In one embodiment, the formwork system of the traveling formwork bridge erector further includes a locking mechanism, which penetrates through the bottom formwork assembly and the side formwork assembly.

[0015] In one embodiment, the locking mechanism includes a locking bolt, a positioning pin and two second locking nuts. The locking bolt is inclined and penetrates through the bottom formwork assembly and the side formwork assembly. The positioning pin is detachably connected to the locking bolt. Two second locking nuts are respectively threadedly connected to both ends of the locking bolt extending out of the bottom formwork assembly and the side formwork assembly.

[0016] In one embodiment, the adjustable connecting member includes a connecting plate, a connecting screw, a third locking nut, a slide rail and two limiting blocks. The connecting plate is fixed to the edge of the bottom formwork assembly. The connecting screw is threadedly connected to the connecting plate and is used to adjust the distance between the side formwork assembly and the bottom formwork assembly through the connecting plate. The third locking nut is threadedly connected to the connecting screw. The slide rail is installed on the connecting plate. The side formwork assembly is slidably installed on the slide rail. There is a gap between the two limiting blocks, and the two limiting blocks are connected to the slide rail, and the side formwork assembly is arranged between the two limiting blocks.

[0017] The present invention also provides a bridge construction method, which applies the formwork system of the traveling formwork bridge erector as described above. The bridge construction method includes:

[0018] Connecting a plurality of the segmented bottom formworks through the splicing plates to form the bottom formwork assembly;

[0019] Assembling the web side formwork and the wing plate side formwork along the edge of the bottom formwork assembly by using the adjustable connecting member;

[0020] Installing the inner formwork assembly in the bottom formwork assembly;

[0021] Adjust the positions of the bottom formwork assembly, the side formwork assembly, and the inner formwork assembly;

[0022] Pour concrete;

[0023] After the concrete reaches the designed strength, remove the bottom formwork assembly, the side formwork assembly, and the inner formwork assembly to complete the pouring construction process of the bridge.

[0024] In one embodiment, the step of pouring concrete includes:

[0025] Start from one end of the bridge and gradually pour the concrete along the length direction of the bridge until the other end of the bridge.

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention adopts a segmented bottom formwork assembly, a position-adjustable side formwork assembly, and an inner formwork assembly, which improves the construction efficiency, reduces the construction cost and construction period. The segmented bottom formwork assembly is composed of multiple segmented bottom formworks connected by splicing plates. By using the splicing plates, a continuous bottom formwork surface can be quickly formed without cumbersome on-site splicing operations, reducing the construction preparation time. The side formwork assembly and the bottom formwork assembly are connected by adjustable connecting pieces. By adjusting the length or angle of the adjustable connecting pieces, the relative position between the side formwork assembly and the bottom formwork assembly can be flexibly changed. It can adapt to bridge cross-sections of different widths without frequent template replacement, improving the applicability of the templates. In addition, the side formwork assembly can also move along the length direction of the bottom formwork assembly to adapt to bridge spans of different lengths, further enhancing the flexibility of the formwork system. The entire formwork system optimizes the force transmission path during pouring, improving the load-bearing capacity and stability of the formwork. It can effectively avoid formwork deformation or displacement and ensure the forming quality of the concrete structure. In addition, the self-weight of the formwork system is light, which is convenient for construction operations and movement, can significantly improve the construction efficiency, shorten the construction period, has good adaptability, flexibility and operability, and can improve the construction efficiency, reduce the construction cost and construction period. Description of the Drawings

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the formwork system of a movable scaffolding bridge construction machine provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the formwork system of a movable scaffolding bridge construction machine provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the bridge construction method provided by the present invention.

[0031] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0032] 100, bottom formwork assembly; 200, side formwork assembly.

[0033] The realization of the object of the present invention, functional features and advantages will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Specific embodiments

[0034] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that if there are directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) in the embodiments of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0036] In addition, if there are descriptions such as "first", "second" in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears throughout the text, its meaning includes three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where A and B are satisfied simultaneously. In addition, the technical solutions between the embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope required by the present invention.

[0037] In the field of bridge construction, traditional construction methods mainly rely on the fabrication and installation of precast beams, or the construction of simply supported box girders using the falsework method on site. Although these methods have been developed and applied for many years and have become conventional techniques in bridge construction.

[0038] Currently, in bridge construction, cast-in-place concrete is mainly achieved by using formwork. The formwork system usually includes a support structure and a covering material to maintain the shape and position of the concrete during the setting and hardening process. During construction, the formwork needs to be precisely installed and fixed to ensure that the concrete structure is formed according to the design requirements.

[0039] However, the traditional formwork system has poor adjustability and adaptability, and is relatively heavy. The installation and disassembly processes are cumbersome and labor-intensive, which not only increases the construction cost but also prolongs the construction period, resulting in low construction efficiency of the bridge.

[0040] To solve this technical problem, the present invention proposes a formwork system for a movable scaffolding bridge erector and a bridge construction method.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , in an embodiment of the present invention, the formwork system of the movable scaffolding bridge erector includes a bottom formwork assembly 100, a side formwork assembly 200, and an inner formwork assembly. The bottom formwork assembly 100 includes a plurality of segmented bottom formworks, and the plurality of segmented bottom formworks are connected by splicing plates to form a continuous bottom formwork surface; the side formwork assembly 200 includes a web side formwork and a flange side formwork, and the web side formwork and the flange side formwork are connected to the edge of the bottom formwork assembly 100 through adjustable connectors, and the side formwork assembly 200 can move along the length direction of the bottom formwork assembly 100 to adapt to bridges of different widths; the inner formwork assembly is laid on the inner sides of the bottom formwork assembly 100 and the side formwork assembly 200.

[0042] Specifically, the bottom formwork assembly 100 is formed by connecting a plurality of segmented bottom formworks through splicing plates. Each segmented bottom formwork can be made of steel or aluminum alloy materials, which have high strength and stiffness, and at the same time are relatively light in weight, facilitating transportation and installation. At the construction site, the plurality of segmented bottom formworks are spliced according to a predetermined order and position, and the adjacent segmented bottom formworks are connected by splicing plates to form a continuous bottom formwork surface. The splicing plates can be connected by high-strength bolts or welded to ensure the reliability and stability of the connection.

[0043] The side formwork assembly 200 includes a web side formwork and a flange side formwork, corresponding to the web and flange of the box girder respectively. The web side formwork and the flange side formwork can be made of steel or aluminum alloy profiles, which have high strength and stiffness and can withstand the lateral pressure of the concrete. The side formwork assembly 200 is connected to the edge of the bottom formwork assembly 100 through adjustable connectors. The adjustable connectors can adopt methods such as screw adjustment or hydraulic cylinders. By adjusting the length or angle of the adjustable connectors, the relative position between the side formwork assembly 200 and the bottom formwork assembly 100 can be changed, so as to adapt to bridge cross-sections of different widths. In addition, the side formwork assembly 200 can also move along the length direction of the bottom formwork assembly 100 to adapt to bridge spans of different lengths.

[0044] The inner formwork assembly is laid on the inner sides of the bottom formwork assembly 100 and the side formwork assembly 200 to form the space inside the box girder. The inner formwork assembly can be made of wooden or plastic materials, which are light in weight and convenient for installation and disassembly. The inner formwork assembly usually includes longitudinal and transverse inner formwork panels. The inner formwork panels can be connected by bolts or buckles to ensure the stability and integrity of the inner formwork assembly.

[0045] During the construction process, first, a plurality of bottom formwork assemblies 100 are spliced according to the design requirements, and the side formwork assembly 200 is connected to the bottom formwork assembly 100 through adjustable connectors. Then, according to the width and cross-sectional shape of the bridge, the length or angle of the adjustable connectors is adjusted to make the relative position of the side formwork assembly 200 and the bottom formwork assembly 100 meet the requirements. Next, the inner formwork assembly is laid on the inner sides of the bottom formwork assembly 100 and the side formwork assembly 200, and fixed and supported. Finally, concrete is poured into the formwork system. After the concrete reaches a certain strength, the inner formwork assembly and the side formwork assembly 200 are removed to complete the construction of the bridge.

[0046] Compared with the traditional formwork system, the sectional bottom formwork assembly 100 is convenient for transportation and installation, and a continuous bottom formwork surface can be quickly formed through the splicing plates. The adjustable connectors and the movable side formwork assembly 200 improve the adaptability of the formwork system and can meet the construction requirements of bridges with different widths and lengths. The lightweight inner formwork assembly is easy to install and disassemble, reducing the workload of on-site operations. The entire formwork system improves the force transmission path during pouring, enhances the load-bearing capacity and stability of the formwork, and at the same time reduces the self-weight of the formwork, facilitating construction operations.

[0047] In the technical solution provided by the present invention, by adopting a segmented bottom formwork assembly 100, a laterally adjustable side formwork assembly 200 and an internal formwork assembly, the construction efficiency is improved, and the construction cost and construction period are reduced. The segmented bottom formwork assembly 100 is formed by connecting a plurality of segmented bottom formworks through splicing plates. By using the splicing plates, a continuous bottom formwork surface can be quickly formed without cumbersome on-site splicing operations, reducing the construction preparation time. The side formwork assembly 200 and the bottom formwork assembly 100 are connected by adjustable connecting members. By adjusting the length or angle of the adjustable connecting members, the relative position between the side formwork assembly 200 and the bottom formwork assembly 100 can be flexibly changed. It can adapt to bridge sections of different widths without frequent formwork replacement, improving the applicability of the formwork. In addition, the side formwork assembly 200 can also move along the length direction of the bottom formwork assembly 100 to adapt to bridge spans of different lengths, further enhancing the flexibility of the formwork system. The entire formwork system optimizes the force transmission path during pouring, improving the load-bearing capacity and stability of the formwork. It can effectively prevent formwork deformation or displacement and ensure the forming quality of the concrete structure. In addition, the self-weight of the formwork system is relatively light, facilitating construction operations and movement, which can significantly improve the construction efficiency, shorten the construction period, has good adaptability, flexibility and operability, and can improve the construction efficiency, reduce the construction cost and construction period.

[0048] In an embodiment of the present invention, a chamfer is provided at the upper edge of the segmented bottom formwork for guiding the flow of concrete during concrete pouring.

[0049] Specifically, a plurality of segmented bottom formworks are connected through splicing plates to form a continuous bottom formwork surface. At the upper edge of each segmented bottom formwork, that is, the edge in contact with the side formwork assembly 200, a chamfer is provided. The angle of the chamfer is between 30° and 60°. During concrete pouring, the concrete is transported into the formwork system by a mixer truck or a pump truck. When the concrete contacts the upper edge of the segmented bottom formwork, the chamfer can play a role in guiding the flow of the concrete. Under the action of gravity, the concrete flows along the inclined surface of the chamfer into the interior of the formwork without accumulating or solidifying at the edge. It can make the concrete fill the formwork more evenly, reduce the generation of air bubbles and honeycombs, and improve the density and strength of the concrete structure. In addition, the chamfer can also play a role in reducing the friction between the concrete and the formwork. During the flow of the concrete, the chamfer provides a smooth transition area, enabling the concrete to flow more smoothly into the interior of the formwork, reducing the shear force and resistance between the concrete and the formwork. It can reduce the wear and damage of the formwork, extend the service life of the formwork, and also reduce the energy consumption and cost of concrete pumping.

[0050] It should be noted that the setting of the chamfer does not affect the connection between the segmented bottom formwork and the splicing plate. The splicing plate is usually connected to the segmented bottom formwork by high-strength bolts or welding, and the connection position is below the chamfer, which will not interfere with the function of the chamfer. At the same time, the existence of the chamfer does not affect the connection and sealing between the side formwork assembly 200 and the bottom formwork assembly 100. The adjustable connecting parts and sealing materials can effectively adapt to the shape of the chamfer to ensure the integrity and stability of the formwork system.

[0051] In an embodiment of the present invention, the inner formwork assembly includes a wooden frame and wooden boards. The wooden boards cover the wooden frame, and the wooden frame is arranged between the wooden boards and the bottom formwork assembly 100 and the side formwork assembly 200.

[0052] Specifically, the inner formwork assembly is used to form the space inside the bridge box girder. Different from the traditional steel inner formwork, in this embodiment, the inner formwork assembly is made of wooden materials and includes two parts: a wooden frame and wooden boards. The wooden frame plays a role in support and positioning, and is made of lightweight materials such as I-beams or square timbers, with sufficient strength and stiffness. The wooden boards play a role in covering and shaping, and are made of materials such as plywood or bamboo plywood, with good flatness and smoothness.

[0053] When assembling the inner formwork assembly, first, according to the size and shape of the inside of the box girder, build the wooden frame. The wooden frame includes longitudinal and transverse frame members, which are connected by bolts or wooden tenons to form a stable skeleton structure. Then, cover the wooden boards on the wooden frame and fix the wooden boards to the frame using a nail gun or screws. A certain gap can be reserved between the wooden boards and the wooden frame for easy installation and disassembly.

[0054] It should be noted that the wooden frame is arranged between the wooden boards and the bottom formwork assembly 100 and the side formwork assembly 200, playing a role of isolation and support. On the one hand, the wooden frame can separate the wooden boards from the bottom formwork assembly 100 and the side formwork assembly 200 to prevent the wooden boards from directly contacting the concrete and extend the service life of the wooden boards. On the other hand, the wooden frame can transfer the load of the inner formwork assembly to the bottom formwork assembly 100 and the side formwork assembly 200 to ensure the stability and reliability of the inner formwork assembly.

[0055] When pouring concrete, the inner formwork assembly and the bottom formwork assembly 100 and the side formwork assembly 200 together form a complete formwork system. The concrete fills the space between the inner formwork assembly and the bottom formwork assembly 100 and the side formwork assembly 200 and takes shape under the restriction of the inner formwork assembly. Since the weight of the wooden frame and the wooden boards is relatively light, the inner formwork assembly will not bring too much load to the bottom formwork assembly 100 and the side formwork assembly 200, reducing the stress requirements of the formwork system. At the same time, the wooden material has good insulation and heat preservation properties, which can reduce the heat loss of the concrete during the pouring process and improve the solidification quality of the concrete.

[0056] After the concrete reaches a certain strength, the inner formwork components need to be removed for the next step of construction. Since the connection between the wooden frame and the wooden boards mostly uses detachable bolts or nail guns, the removal process is simple and fast, and it will not cause damage to the concrete structure. The removed wooden frame and wooden boards can be cleaned and maintained, and reused in the next construction section, improving the material utilization rate and economy.

[0057] In an embodiment of the present invention, the formwork system of the movable scaffolding bridge erector further includes a formwork adjustment mechanism, and the formwork adjustment mechanism is installed on the bottom formwork assembly 100 and is used to move the bottom formwork assembly 100 vertically.

[0058] Specifically, the formwork adjustment mechanism is used to realize the vertical displacement and height adjustment of the bottom formwork assembly 100. In actual construction, due to the different heights and slopes of the bridge, it is necessary to adjust the height of the formwork system in real time to ensure the forming accuracy and appearance quality of the concrete structure. The traditional manual adjustment method is not only inefficient, but also prone to measurement errors and safety hazards.

[0059] In this embodiment, the formwork adjustment mechanism is used to complete the height adjustment of the bottom formwork assembly 100, avoiding the disadvantages of manual operation. The formwork adjustment mechanism generally includes power devices such as hydraulic cylinders and electric push rods, as well as measurement and control devices such as sensors and controllers. The power device is installed below the bottom formwork assembly 100 and is connected to the bottom formwork assembly 100 through transmission components such as connecting rods or slide rails. The measurement and control device is installed on the bottom formwork assembly 100 or the movable scaffolding, and is used to detect the height and position of the bottom formwork assembly 100 in real time, and control the operation of the power device according to the preset parameters.

[0060] When using the formwork adjustment mechanism, first determine the height and slope requirements of the bottom formwork at different positions according to the construction drawings. Then, install several power devices on the segmented bottom formwork of the bottom formwork assembly 100 and connect them to the controller. Before pouring concrete, start the controller and input the target height and slope parameters. The controller calculates the required stroke and speed of each power device according to the actual height and position information fed back by the sensors, and issues corresponding control instructions. After receiving the instructions, the power devices drive the bottom formwork assembly 100 to move vertically synchronously or step by step until the target height and slope are reached.

[0061] When pouring concrete, the formwork adjustment mechanism can adjust the height and slope of the bottom formwork assembly 100 in real time according to the fluidity and pressure of the concrete, ensuring that the concrete can be evenly filled in the formwork and meet the designed forming requirements. When the concrete reaches a certain strength, the formwork adjustment mechanism can also control the bottom formwork assembly 100 to slowly descend, cooperate with the removal of the side formwork assembly 200 and the inner formwork assembly, and complete the demoulding process of the concrete structure.

[0062] It should be noted that there needs to be a reliable connection and sealing between the formwork adjustment mechanism and other components of the bottom formwork assembly 100 to ensure the stability and safety of the adjustment process. At the same time, the power device and measurement and control device of the formwork adjustment mechanism need to have sufficient precision and response speed to meet the height adjustment requirements under different construction conditions.

[0063] In an embodiment of the present invention, the formwork adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment screw, an adjustment base, an adjustment handle, and a first locking nut. The adjustment base is installed on the bottom formwork assembly 100. The adjustment screw extends vertically. One end of the adjustment screw is threadedly connected to the adjustment base, and the other end of the adjustment screw is connected to the adjustment handle. The adjustment screw is also threadedly connected with a first locking nut, and the first locking nut is arranged below the adjustment base.

[0064] Specifically, the adjustment base is used to support and fix the adjustment screw. The adjustment base is usually made of steel or aluminum alloy materials, with high strength and stiffness, and can withstand the pressure and torque transmitted by the adjustment screw. The adjustment base and the bottom formwork assembly 100 can be fixed by welding, bolt connection, etc. to ensure that the adjustment base does not displace or deform during the adjustment process.

[0065] The adjustment screw is used to achieve the vertical displacement and height adjustment of the bottom formwork assembly 100. The adjustment screw is usually made of precision transmission parts such as lead screws and ball screws, with high lead accuracy and transmission efficiency. One end of the adjustment screw is threadedly connected to the adjustment base and can generate axial displacement when rotated. The other end of the adjustment screw extends out of the adjustment base and is connected to the adjustment handle, facilitating the construction personnel to manually rotate the adjustment screw.

[0066] The first locking nut is used to lock the adjustment screw to prevent it from rotating or axially moving under vibration or impact. The first locking nut is threadedly connected to the adjustment screw and is arranged below the adjustment base. After the adjustment screw rotates to the required position, tighten the first locking nut so that it abuts against the lower surface of the adjustment base, thereby locking the adjustment screw in the current position.

[0067] When using the formwork adjustment mechanism, first determine the target height and slope of the bottom formwork assembly 100 according to the construction drawings. Then, install several adjustment bases on the segmented bottom formwork of the bottom formwork assembly 100, insert the adjustment screw into the adjustment base, and tighten the first locking nut. Before pouring concrete, the construction personnel hold the adjustment handle and rotate the adjustment screw counterclockwise, so that the adjustment screw extends upward in the adjustment base, driving the segmented bottom formwork to move upward vertically until the target height and slope are reached. Then, tighten the first locking nut clockwise to lock the adjustment screw in the current position.

[0068] After the concrete is poured and reaches a certain strength, the construction workers rotate the first locking nut counterclockwise to release the locking force on the adjusting screw. Then, rotate the adjusting handle clockwise to make the adjusting screw retract downward in the adjusting base, driving the segmented bottom formwork to move downward vertically, and cooperate with the removal of the side formwork assembly 200 and the inner formwork assembly to complete the demoulding process of the concrete structure.

[0069] In an embodiment of the present invention, the formwork system of the movable scaffolding bridge erector further includes a locking mechanism, and the locking mechanism is disposed through the bottom formwork assembly 100 and the side formwork assembly 200.

[0070] Specifically, the locking mechanism is used to reliably connect the bottom formwork assembly 100 and the side formwork assembly 200 to prevent relative displacement or detachment under the action of force. In actual construction, due to factors such as the self-weight of the concrete and vibration, the formwork system needs to withstand large lateral pressures and impact forces. If the connection between the bottom formwork assembly 100 and the side formwork assembly 200 is not firm enough, it is easy to cause formwork deformation, leakage of mortar, and even collapse, affecting the appearance and strength of the concrete structure.

[0071] In this embodiment, the locking mechanism is disposed through the bottom formwork assembly 100 and the side formwork assembly 200 to form an effective constraint and force transmission path, improving the ability of the formwork system to resist deformation. The locking mechanism generally includes components such as a locking screw, a locking sleeve, and a second locking nut. The locking screw can be made of high-strength threaded steel, one end is connected to the locking sleeve, and the other end passes through the connection part of the bottom formwork assembly 100 and the side formwork assembly 200 and is fixed with a second locking nut. The locking sleeve can be made of steel or aluminum alloy pipes, which plays a role in protecting the locking screw and increasing the connection area.

[0072] When assembling the formwork system, connect the side formwork assembly 200 to the edge of the bottom formwork assembly 100 through adjustable connectors and adjust its position and angle. Then, insert the locking screw into the reserved hole positions of the bottom formwork assembly 100 and the side formwork assembly 200, and tighten the second locking nut so that the end of the locking screw abuts against the locking sleeve. The locking sleeve is respectively attached to the inner surfaces of the bottom formwork assembly 100 and the side formwork assembly 200, and transmits the locking force through friction and extrusion pressure to prevent relative sliding or detachment between the bottom formwork assembly 100 and the side formwork assembly 200.

[0073] When pouring concrete, the locking mechanism can effectively resist the impact and deformation of the concrete side pressure on the formwork system. On the one hand, the locking screw directly locks the side formwork assembly 200 and the bottom formwork assembly 100, improving the overall stiffness of the formwork system; on the other hand, the locking sleeve disperses the stress concentration between the side formwork assembly 200 and the bottom formwork assembly 100, reducing the risk of local deformation. In addition, the locking mechanism also plays a role in connecting the inner formwork assembly with the bottom formwork assembly 100 and the side formwork assembly 200 to ensure that the inner formwork assembly does not displace or fall off during the pouring process.

[0074] In an embodiment of the present invention, the locking mechanism includes a locking bolt, a positioning pin, and two second locking nuts. The locking bolt is inclined and passes through the bottom die assembly 100 and the side die assembly 200. The positioning pin is detachably connected to the locking bolt, and two second locking nuts are respectively threadedly connected to the two ends of the locking bolt extending out of the bottom die assembly 100 and the side die assembly 200.

[0075] Specifically, the locking bolt is the main force-bearing component of the locking mechanism. By being inclined, it can simultaneously restrain the bottom die assembly 100 and the side die assembly 200 in the vertical and horizontal directions to prevent relative displacement. The locking bolt can be made of high-strength alloy steel and its surface is quenched and tempered, having high tensile strength and shear strength. The two ends of the locking bolt respectively pass through the connecting parts of the bottom die assembly 100 and the side die assembly 200 and extend out a certain length for installing the second locking nuts.

[0076] The positioning pin is an auxiliary positioning component of the locking mechanism. It can be made of alloy steel or stainless steel, and its surface is quenched, having high hardness and wear resistance. The positioning pin is connected to the locking bolt by threaded connection or snap connection to prevent the locking bolt from rotating. When installing the locking bolt, first insert the positioning pin into the positioning holes of the bottom die assembly 100 and the side die assembly 200, then pass the locking bolt through the positioning pin, and tighten the second locking nuts. The fit between the positioning pin and the positioning hole can ensure the installation position and angle of the locking bolt, improving the assembly accuracy of the locking mechanism.

[0077] The second locking nuts can be high-strength nuts or anti-loosening nuts, forming a reliable threaded connection with the locking bolt. After the locking bolt passes through the bottom die assembly 100 and the side die assembly 200, the second locking nuts are respectively installed at the two ends of its extension and tightened to the specified torque. The second locking nuts fasten the bottom die assembly 100 and the side die assembly 200 together by axial force, improving the overall stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the formwork system. At the same time, the second locking nuts also play a role in preventing the locking bolt from loosening, ensuring that the locking mechanism will not fail under vibration or impact.

[0078] When installing the locking mechanism, first machine through holes and positioning holes matching the locking bolt and the positioning pin on the bottom die assembly 100 and the side die assembly 200. Then, insert the positioning pin into the positioning hole and pass the locking bolt through the through hole and the positioning pin. Note that the inclination angle of the locking bolt should be adapted to the slope of the formwork, meeting both the force requirements and avoiding interference with other components. Finally, install the second locking nuts at the two ends of the locking bolt and tighten them to the specified torque with a wrench or power tool to complete the assembly of the locking mechanism.

[0079] During the concrete pouring process, the locking mechanism can effectively resist the loads transmitted by the side formwork assembly 200 and the inner formwork assembly to the bottom formwork assembly 100, preventing the bottom formwork assembly 100 from warping or sinking. The inclined locking bolts form a cross restraint in both the vertical and horizontal directions, improving the flexural stiffness and shear strength of the locking mechanism. At the same time, since there is a certain clearance between the locking bolts and both the bottom formwork assembly 100 and the side formwork assembly 200, during concrete vibration, the locking mechanism can also play a role in vibration damping and buffering, reducing the dynamic response of the formwork system and improving the compactness and uniformity of the concrete.

[0080] In an embodiment of the present invention, the adjustable connecting member includes a connecting plate, a connecting screw, a third locking nut, a slide rail, and two limiting blocks. The connecting plate is fixed to the edge of the bottom formwork assembly 100. The connecting screw is threadedly connected to the connecting plate and is used to adjust the distance between the side formwork assembly 200 and the bottom formwork assembly 100 through the connecting plate. The third locking nut is threadedly connected to the connecting screw. The slide rail is installed on the connecting plate, and the side formwork assembly 200 is slidably installed on the slide rail. There is a gap between the two limiting blocks, and the two limiting blocks are connected to the slide rail, and the side formwork assembly 200 is arranged between the two limiting blocks.

[0081] Specifically, the connecting plate is fixed to the edge of the bottom formwork assembly 100 and is made of a material with high strength and corrosion resistance, such as steel or aluminum alloy. The connecting plate provides a stable installation base for the side formwork assembly 200. The connecting screw is installed on the connecting plate and is threadedly connected thereto. Its main function is to adjust the horizontal distance between the side formwork assembly 200 and the bottom formwork assembly 100 by rotation.

[0082] The third locking nut is threadedly connected to the connecting screw and is used to fix the connecting screw in the required position to ensure that the distance between the side formwork assembly 200 and the bottom formwork assembly 100 remains unchanged during the concrete pouring process.

[0083] The slide rail is installed on the connecting plate and provides a path along which the side formwork assembly 200 can slide. This enables the side formwork assembly 200 to easily move along the specified path to the correct position and maintain linear motion through the slide rail mechanism, improving the convenience and accuracy of installation.

[0084] The limiting blocks are arranged at both ends of the slide rail to ensure that the side formwork assembly 200 does not deviate from the predetermined track during the sliding process. There is an appropriate gap between the two limiting blocks to ensure that the side formwork assembly 200 can move freely without colliding with the limiting blocks.

[0085] At the construction site, after adjusting the position of the side formwork assembly 200 by rotating the connecting screw, the side formwork assembly 200 is fixed by tightening the third locking nut. This setting allows the engineering team to make quick and precise adjustments and reconfigure promptly when needed to adapt to different construction environments and requirements.

[0086] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 refer to Figure 3 The present invention also provides a bridge construction method, which applies the formwork system of the traveling formwork bridge erector as described above. The bridge construction method includes:

[0087] Step S10: Connect a plurality of the segmented bottom forms through the splicing plates to form the bottom form assembly 100;

[0088] Step S20: Along the edge of the bottom form assembly 100, assemble the web side form and the wing side form by using the adjustable connecting members;

[0089] Step S30: Install the inner form assembly inside the bottom form assembly 100;

[0090] Step S40: Adjust the positions of the bottom form assembly 100, the side form assembly 200 and the inner form assembly;

[0091] Step S50: Pour concrete;

[0092] Step S60: After the concrete reaches the design strength, remove the bottom form assembly 100, the side form assembly 200 and the inner form assembly to complete the pouring construction process of the bridge.

[0093] Specifically, the execution subject of this embodiment is a traveling formwork bridge erector, and its formwork system includes a bottom form assembly 100, a side form assembly 200 and an inner form assembly. Among them, the bottom form assembly 100 is formed by connecting a plurality of segmented bottom forms through splicing plates. The side form assembly 200 includes a web side form and a wing side form, and the inner form assembly is arranged inside the bottom form assembly 100.

[0094] When assembling the formwork system, first transport the prefabricated plurality of segmented bottom forms to the construction site. Then, according to the cross-sectional dimensions and length of the bridge, place the segmented bottom forms in sequence according to a predetermined arrangement. Between adjacent segmented bottom forms, align and fix the connecting holes of the splicing plates and the segmented bottom forms through high-strength bolts, so as to realize the reliable connection between the segmented bottom forms. The number and length of the splicing plates are determined according to the size and stress conditions of the segmented bottom forms to ensure the integrity and stability of the bottom form assembly 100.

[0095] After completing the assembly of the bottom formwork assembly 100, the web side formwork and the flange side formwork are arranged along its edge. Both the web side formwork and the flange side formwork are composed of multiple steel formwork panels connected by bolts, and their height and thickness are determined according to the design requirements of the bridge. To facilitate installation and adjustment, adjustable connectors are provided between the web side formwork and the flange side formwork and the bottom formwork assembly 100. The adjustable connectors include components such as connecting plates, connecting screws, and locking nuts. By adjusting the telescopic amount of the connecting screws, the distance and angle between the side formwork assembly 200 and the bottom formwork assembly 100 can be precisely controlled, so as to adapt to different construction conditions.

[0096] After completing the installation of the bottom formwork assembly 100 and the side formwork assembly 200, an inner formwork assembly is installed inside the bottom formwork assembly 100 for forming longitudinal and transverse partitions inside the bridge box girder. The inner formwork assembly is usually made of lightweight and high-strength wooden plywood or steel formwork and is connected to the bottom formwork assembly 100 by bolts or fasteners. To facilitate installation and disassembly, a certain gap is reserved between the inner formwork assembly and the bottom formwork assembly 100, and rubber strips or foam strips are provided at the joints to prevent leakage of concrete during pouring.

[0097] After installing all the formwork components, it is necessary to make overall adjustments to ensure that the relative positions and dimensions between the components meet the design requirements. The key points of adjustment include: the flatness and straightness of the bottom formwork assembly 100, the perpendicularity and parallelism of the side formwork assembly 200, the symmetry and spacing of the inner formwork assembly, etc. During the adjustment process, formwork adjustment mechanisms and locking mechanisms can be used. By adjusting the screws and locking nuts, fine adjustment and fixation of the formwork components can be achieved.

[0098] After completing the installation and adjustment of the formwork system, the concrete pouring construction can be started. During the pouring process, the concrete is filled into the formwork in layers through a concrete placer and a vibrator and is vibrated and compacted by an internal vibrator. To ensure the pouring quality of the concrete, it is necessary to strictly control parameters such as the concrete mix ratio, slump, and pouring temperature, and take measures to prevent problems such as segregation and bleeding. At the same time, a support system needs to be set up outside the formwork, and stiffeners need to be set at places where the concrete side pressure is large to ensure the overall stability of the formwork system.

[0099] After the concrete pouring is completed, it needs to be cured until it reaches the design strength. During the curing period, measures such as sprinkling water and covering need to be taken to keep the concrete surface moist and control the curing temperature within an appropriate range. After the concrete strength reaches the design requirements, the formwork system can be removed. When removing the formwork, first remove the inner formwork assembly and the side formwork assembly 200, and then remove the bottom formwork assembly 100. The removal sequence is opposite to the installation sequence. During the formwork removal process, special formwork removal tools need to be used, and the time and force of formwork removal need to be strictly controlled to avoid damaging the concrete surface.

[0100] It should be understood that the specific structure of the formwork system of the mobile formwork bridge-building machine refers to the above-mentioned embodiments. Since the bridge construction method adopts all the technical solutions of all the above-mentioned embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be described one by one here.

[0101] In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of pouring concrete comprises:

[0102] Step S51, starting from one end of the bridge, gradually pouring the concrete along the length direction of the bridge until the other end of the bridge.

[0103] Specifically, the embodiment is implemented by a mobile formwork bridge-building machine, which realizes segmented pouring of the bridge concrete structure through the cooperation of the bottom formwork assembly 100, the side formwork assembly 200 and the inner formwork assembly. When pouring concrete, the pouring sequence and speed need to be strictly controlled to ensure the uniformity and density of the concrete and avoid quality defects such as cracks and honeycombs.

[0104] Take a prestressed concrete box girder bridge with a span of 40m as an example. It uses commercial concrete of C50 strength grade, with a designed slump of 180mm and a mold temperature controlled between 10℃ and 30℃. When pouring concrete, the bridge is divided into 8 pouring sections, each 5m long. The pouring process starts from one end of the bridge. First, a layer of 200mm thick bottom plate concrete is laid in the first pouring section, and then a 1.5m thick web plate concrete is poured after vibrating and compacting. After the web plate concrete is initially set, a 250mm thick top plate concrete is poured and leveled and smoothed with a manual steel trowel.

[0105] After the concrete of the first pouring section reaches a strength of 2.5MPa, the mobile formwork bridge-building machine moves 5m along the longitudinal direction of the bridge and enters the second pouring section. At the same time, a layer of interface agent is applied on the surface of the concrete of the first pouring section to enhance the bonding force between the new and old concrete. Repeat the above pouring steps in the second pouring section to complete the concrete pouring of the bottom plate, web plate and top plate in turn. In order to ensure the continuity of pouring, the concrete pouring of the next pouring section should be started before the concrete of the previous pouring section begins to set, and a bevel joint should be reserved at the junction of the two pouring sections.

[0106] According to the above method, the concrete pouring of 8 pouring sections is successively completed along the longitudinal direction of the bridge until the other end of the bridge. During the pouring process, the hydraulic system of the movable scaffolding bridge machine ensures the fullness and density of the concrete in the formwork through segmented pumping and layered vibration. At the same time, the movable scaffolding bridge machine is equipped with a real-time monitoring system, which online detects parameters such as the temperature, humidity, and slump of the concrete through sensors and data acquisition devices, and automatically adjusts the pouring process parameters, such as the pumping speed, vibration frequency, and curing conditions, according to the feedback information.

[0107] After the pouring is completed, the movable scaffolding bridge machine can also perform steam curing or electrothermal curing on the concrete to quickly reach the strength required for demoulding at normal temperature. During the curing process, the internal state of the concrete is monitored in real time through temperature sensors and humidity sensors, and the curing parameters are adjusted through an automatic control system to make the strength growth of the concrete conform to the expected curve. After the concrete reaches 100% of the design strength, the jacks are started to separate the side formwork assembly 200 from the bottom formwork assembly 100, and then it is moved out of the bridge through the traveling device to complete the entire pouring and curing process.

[0108] The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformation made under the technical concept of the present invention by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A formwork system for a mobile formwork bridge-building machine, characterized in that: include: A bottom mold assembly, wherein the bottom mold assembly comprises a plurality of sub-block bottom molds, wherein the plurality of sub-block bottom molds are connected by a splicing plate to form a continuous bottom mold surface; A side form assembly, wherein the side form assembly comprises a web side form and a wing side form, wherein the web side form and the wing side form are connected to the edge of the bottom form assembly through an adjustable connecting piece, and the side form assembly can be moved along the length direction of the bottom form assembly to adapt to bridges of different widths; An inner mold assembly is laid on the inner side of the bottom mold assembly and the side mold assembly.

2. The formwork system of the mobile formwork bridge-building machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper edge of the divided bottom mold is provided with a chamfer to guide the flow of the concrete when pouring the concrete.

3. The formwork system of the mobile formwork bridge-building machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner mold assembly includes a wooden frame and a wooden board, wherein the wooden board covers the wooden frame, and the wooden frame is arranged between the wooden board and the bottom mold assembly and the side mold assembly.

4. The formwork system of the mobile formwork bridge-building machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The template system of the mobile formwork bridge-building machine also includes a template adjustment mechanism, which is installed on the bottom template assembly and is used to move the bottom template assembly vertically.

5. The formwork system of the mobile formwork bridge-building machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The template adjustment mechanism includes an adjusting screw, an adjusting base, an adjusting handle and a first locking nut. The adjusting base is installed on the bottom mold assembly. The adjusting screw extends vertically. One end of the adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the adjusting base, and the other end of the adjusting screw is connected to the adjusting handle. The adjusting screw is also threadedly connected to the first locking nut, and the first locking nut is arranged below the adjusting base.

6. The formwork system of the mobile formwork bridge-building machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The template system of the mobile formwork bridge-building machine also includes a locking mechanism, which is penetrated by the bottom template assembly and the side template assembly.

7. The formwork system of the mobile formwork bridge-building machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking mechanism includes a locking bolt, a positioning pin and two second locking nuts. The locking bolt is arranged at an angle and passes through the bottom mold assembly and the side mold assembly. The positioning pin is detachably connected to the locking bolt. The locking bolt extends out of the bottom mold assembly and the side mold assembly and is threadedly connected to two second locking nuts at both ends.

8. The formwork system of the mobile formwork bridge-building machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The adjustable connecting member includes a connecting plate, a connecting screw, a third locking nut, a slide rail and two limit blocks. The connecting plate is fixed to the edge of the bottom mold assembly. The connecting screw is threadedly connected to the connecting plate and is used to adjust the distance between the side mold assembly and the bottom mold assembly through the connecting plate. The third locking nut is threadedly connected to the connecting screw. The slide rail is installed on the connecting plate, and the side mold assembly can be slidably installed on the slide rail. There is a gap between the two limit blocks. The two limit blocks are connected to the slide rail, and the side mold assembly is arranged between the two limit blocks.

9. A bridge construction method, characterized in that: Using the formwork system of the mobile formwork bridge-building machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the bridge construction method comprises: Connecting a plurality of the block bottom molds through the splicing plate to form the bottom mold assembly; Assembling the web side mold and the wing side mold along the edge of the bottom mold assembly using the adjustable connector; installing the inner mold assembly in the bottom mold assembly; Adjusting the positions of the bottom mold assembly, the side mold assembly, and the inner mold assembly; pouring concrete; After the concrete reaches the designed strength, the bottom formwork assembly, the side formwork assembly and the inner formwork assembly are removed to complete the pouring construction process of the bridge.

10. The bridge construction method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step of pouring concrete comprises: Starting from one end of the bridge, the concrete is poured step by step along the length direction of the bridge until the other end of the bridge.

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