Solar evaporator, application thereof and solar water collector

Abstract

The invention provides a solar evaporator, application thereof and a solar water collector, and relates to the technical field of solar evaporators. The solar evaporator, the application of the solar evaporator and the solar water collector comprise a solar heat collector, the solar heat collector is connected with a working fluid circulating device, the working fluid circulating device is connected with a separating structure, the separating structure is connected with an evaporator body, the evaporator body is connected with a pipeline system, and the pipeline system is connected with the working fluid circulating device. The pipeline system is connected to the working fluid circulating device, and the solar heat collector, the working fluid circulating device and the pipeline system are connected with a control system. According to the solar evaporator system, the innovative separate head structural design is adopted, the problem that fluid distribution is uneven due to uneven pipeline resistance is effectively solved, the energy conversion efficiency and the utilization rate of the whole solar evaporator system are accordingly improved, in addition, when water flow flows in the transparent pipe, the cleaning rotating plate can be driven to rotate, the inner wall of the pipe can be scraped, and light is prevented from being shielded by scale deposition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar evaporators, and specifically to a solar evaporator and its applications and a solar water collector. Background Art

[0002] In the context of current energy conservation and emission reduction, the development of new energy has increasingly become the mainstream trend. As a clean energy source, solar energy has received much attention in research. Solar energy and heat pump technology are two highly promising technologies for reducing the consumption of traditional fossil fuels, and the combination of the two can achieve complementary advantages. Heat pump technology, as a new energy utilization method, can absorb low-grade heat energy from the natural environment and, through the action of a compressor, convert it into high-grade heat energy available for human use, demonstrating significant energy conservation and emission reduction benefits. Direct expansion solar assisted heat pump (DX-SAHP) is a hybrid system that combines a solar collector and heat pump technology. In a DX-SAHP system, the solar collector and the heat pump evaporator are integrated into a single unit. The working fluid evaporates in the collector / evaporator and absorbs heat from solar thermal conversion and ambient air. Compared with traditional flat or evacuated glass tube solar collectors, the working fluid in the DX-SAHP collector / evaporator has a lower temperature, thus making more effective use of solar radiation.

[0003] Therefore, the heat transfer performance of the evaporator has a decisive impact on the performance of the entire DX-SAHP system. The uniformity of the fluid distribution at the inlet of the heat exchanger is one of the key factors affecting the heat transfer efficiency. Due to changes in factors such as the flow area and pipeline resistance loss, the flow rate distribution of the fluid in each channel is uneven, thereby affecting the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger. The main function of the header of the heat exchanger is to evenly disperse the incoming hot and cold fluids into the flow channel area composed of multiple pipes. The uniformity of the flow rate distribution of the header is the key to affecting the heat transfer efficiency. Therefore, scholars at home and abroad have conducted a large number of studies on the optimization of the header. With the rapid development of computer technology, the application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has made the research results more intuitive. Therefore, under the guidance of the CFD method, scholars at home and abroad have also carried out many research works on the optimization of the header. Deeply understanding the non-uniform distribution of two-phase flow in the header and the influence of the flow pattern on the distribution has become the key to the research.

[0004] Although Yao et al. have conducted some research on the heat transfer uniformity of the blown plate evaporator and proposed some methods to promote uniform heat transfer, their research mainly focuses on the unit area, and in the two-phase flow simulation, the influence of the flow pattern on the flow rate uniformity is ignored. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (I) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a solar evaporator, its application, and a solar water collector, which solve the problems that the original evaporator's split structure may have uneven distribution of gas-liquid two-phase flow, affecting the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator, and may have internal fouling affecting the lighting efficiency.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A solar evaporator includes a solar collector, the solar collector is connected to a working fluid circulation device, the working fluid circulation device is connected to a split structure, the split structure is connected to an evaporator body, the evaporator body is connected to a pipeline system, the pipeline system is connected to the working fluid circulation device, and the solar collector, the working fluid circulation device, and the pipeline system are connected to a control system.

[0009] Preferably, the solar collector includes two connection bases, a support base is fixedly arranged between the two connection bases, and a transparent tube is fixedly arranged between the two connection bases and the support base;

[0010] One of the two connection bases, the upper one, has a connection frame fixedly arranged at its upper end. A servo motor is fixedly arranged on one side of the connection frame. The output end of the servo motor is fixedly provided with an adjustment column. A magnetic strip is fixedly arranged inside the adjustment column near the support base side. An adjustment cylinder is fixedly arranged on the support base near the adjustment column side. The adjustment column is rotatably arranged inside the adjustment cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, turntables are rotatably arranged near the upper and lower ends inside the transparent tube. A cleaning rotating plate is fixedly arranged on one side between the two turntables. A plurality of inclined plates are fixedly arranged on one side of the cleaning rotating plate.

[0012] Preferably, connection ports are fixedly arranged at the upper and lower ends inside the transparent tube. Through holes are arranged at the opposite ends of the two connection bases, and the opposite ends of the two connection pipes are fixedly connected to the connection ports.

[0013] Preferably, the split structure includes an inflow pipe. One end of the inflow pipe is fixedly provided with a first shunt pipe. The other two ends of the first shunt pipe are both fixedly provided with second shunt pipes. The other two ends of the two second shunt pipes are both fixedly provided with two third shunt pipes.

[0014] Preferably, the distance between every two of the eight third shunt pipes is 30 mm.

[0015] The application of the described solar evaporator in new energy production.

[0016] A solar water collector, comprising a solar evaporator and a water collection device; the water collection device is connected to the evaporator;

[0017] The water collection device is used to collect the liquid evaporated by the evaporator.

[0018] Working principle: During the operation of the solar evaporator, the working fluid first enters the split structure. This new split structure ensures that the lengths of all pipes from the one-to-two stage are equal to the length of the main pipe. When the fluid flows through, it effectively balances the pipe resistance. Under different dryness and mass flow conditions, the gas-liquid two-phase flow can be evenly dispersed into each flow channel. After entering the evaporator body, the evenly distributed fluid fully contacts the heat transfer surface, forming good heat exchange conditions, enabling efficient heat transfer, greatly improving the heat transfer efficiency, and promoting the energy conversion and utilization of the entire solar evaporator system;

[0019] In the transparent tube of the solar collector, the water flow has a certain flow rate and impact force during the water replacement or circulation process. The water flow impacts the inclined plate. Since the inclined plate is rigidly connected to the cleaning rotating plate, the inclined plate drives the cleaning rotating plate to rotate around the axis under the action of the water flow. During the rotation process, the cleaning rotating plate closely adheres to the inner wall of the transparent tube, scraping off the dirt accumulated on the inner wall. Through this dynamic cleaning mechanism, the inside of the transparent tube is always kept clean, avoiding the light blocking and heat transfer hindrance caused by dirt accumulation, ensuring that the solar energy can be maximally transmitted through the transparent tube and absorbed by the working fluid, maintaining a stable heat supply of the solar collector, and ensuring the long-term efficient and stable operation of the system.

[0020] (III) Beneficial effects

[0021] The present invention provides a solar evaporator, its application and a solar water collector. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The present invention provides a solar evaporator, its application and a solar water collector. The new split structure adopted by this solar evaporator ensures that the lengths of the pipes from the one-to-two stage are equal to the length of the main pipe, effectively avoiding the problem of uneven fluid distribution caused by unequal pipe resistance losses. Under different working conditions, whether it is the change of dryness or the fluctuation of mass flow, this split structure can evenly distribute the gas-liquid two-phase flow into each flow channel. This even distribution enables the working fluid to fully contact the heat transfer surface in the evaporator, greatly enhancing the heat transfer effect, significantly improving the heat transfer efficiency, and further enhancing the energy conversion and utilization efficiency of the entire solar evaporator system, providing a more efficient heat exchange guarantee for new energy production.

[0023] 2. The present invention provides a solar evaporator, its application, and a solar water collector. In this water collector, when water flows in the transparent tube, it impacts the inclined plate. Since the inclined plate is fixedly connected to the cleaning rotating plate, the impact force of the water flow causes the inclined plate to drive the cleaning rotating plate to rotate. This rotation enables the cleaning rotating plate to comprehensively scrape the inner wall of the transparent tube, effectively removing the dirt accumulated over a long time, thereby always maintaining the cleanliness inside the transparent tube, avoiding the problem of light blockage caused by fouling, and ensuring that solar energy can penetrate the transparent tube to the maximum extent and be absorbed by the working fluid. At the same time, it also prevents the occurrence of heat transfer obstruction, maintains high heat transfer efficiency, and enables the solar water collector to stably provide sufficient heat for the entire system. This not only reduces the system performance degradation and increased maintenance costs caused by fouling but also ensures the stability and efficiency of the solar evaporator system during long-term operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the system flow of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a partial sectional view of the solar water collector of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is a partial axonometric view of the adjusting cylinder of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is a partial sectional view of the transparent tube of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is an axonometric view of the branch structure of the present invention.

[0029] Among them, 1, solar water collector; 2, control system; 3, pipeline system; 4, working fluid circulation device; 5, branch structure; 6, evaporator body; 101, adjusting cylinder; 102, connecting base; 103, cleaning rotating plate; 104, supporting base; 105, transparent tube; 106, connecting pipe; 107, servo motor; 108, connecting frame; 109, magnetic strip; 110, adjusting column; 111, inclined plate; 112, turntable; 113, connection port; 501, inflow pipe; 502, first shunt pipe; 503, second shunt pipe; 504, third shunt pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] As Figure 1 shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a solar evaporator, comprising a solar collector, the solar collector is connected with a working fluid circulation device, the working fluid circulation device is connected with a splitting structure, the splitting structure is connected with an evaporator body, the evaporator body is connected with a pipeline system, the pipeline system is connected to the working fluid circulation device, and the solar collector, the working fluid circulation device and the pipeline system are connected with a control system;

[0032] Specifically, in the above specific embodiments, the solar collector, as the heat collection component of the system, is used to absorb solar radiation heat and transfer it to the working fluid. Its performance affects the heat input of the entire system, and an efficient collector can improve the energy acquisition efficiency of the system. In a direct expansion solar assisted heat pump (DX-SAHP) system, it is combined with the heat pump evaporator into a unit, enabling the working fluid to evaporate and absorb heat therein; the evaporator is a key heat exchange component of the system, and the working fluid evaporates and absorbs heat in the evaporator, and its heat exchange performance directly determines the performance of the entire DX-SAHP system. The structure of the evaporator header is crucial for the uniformity of fluid distribution, thereby affecting the heat exchange efficiency; the new header structure is designed to address the original header problems. Starting from splitting into two, the lengths of the pipes from the branch pipes to the main pipe are equal, avoiding uneven distribution caused by unequal pipe resistance losses, and not changing the pipe shape to ensure the heat exchange contact area. The new header has a significant improvement in the gas-liquid phase distribution uniformity. Compared with the original header, the gas phase non-uniformity is reduced by 15.21%, and the liquid phase is reduced by 70.15%. It shows good uniformity under different dryness and mass flow conditions and can meet the requirements of more working conditions; the pipe system connects the solar collector and the evaporator to ensure the transmission of the working fluid between the two. Its design should ensure the smoothness and tightness of fluid flow, reduce pressure loss and leakage risks, so as to maintain the stable operation of the system; the working fluid circulation device drives the working fluid to circulate in the system, enabling the working fluid to absorb heat in the solar collector and then enter the evaporator to evaporate, completing the heat transfer process. The performance of the circulation device affects the circulation speed and flow rate of the fluid, thereby affecting the heat exchange efficiency and overall performance of the system. For example, the circulation of the working fluid can be optimized by reasonably designing the power and flow rate of the pump; the control system monitors and regulates the operating parameters of the system, such as controlling the flow rate, temperature, pressure, etc. of the working fluid, to ensure the stable and efficient operation of the system under different working conditions. According to the environmental conditions and system requirements, the control system can automatically adjust the operating states of each component to achieve the intelligent control of the system. For example, when the solar radiation intensity changes, adjust the flow rate of the working fluid to ensure the heat exchange effect of the evaporator; in this solar evaporator system, each module cooperates with each other. The solar collector collects heat and transfers it to the working fluid. The working fluid enters the evaporator through the pipe system, evaporates and absorbs heat in the evaporator to achieve the heat exchange process. The working fluid circulation device ensures the fluid circulation, and the control system monitors and adjusts the entire process, jointly realizing the effective utilization of solar energy and heat conversion.

[0033] Such as Figures 2 - 4As shown in the figure, the solar collector includes two connecting bases. A support base is fixedly arranged between the two connecting bases. A transparent tube is fixedly arranged between the two connecting bases and the support base. One of the two connecting bases, the upper one, has a connecting frame fixedly arranged at its upper end. A servo motor is fixedly arranged on one side of the connecting frame. An adjusting column is fixedly arranged at the output end of the servo motor. A magnetic strip is fixedly arranged inside the adjusting column near the support base. An adjusting cylinder is fixedly arranged on the support base near the adjusting column. The adjusting column is rotatably arranged inside the adjusting cylinder. Turntables are rotatably arranged near the upper and lower ends inside the transparent tube. A cleaning rotating plate is fixedly arranged on one side between the two turntables. A plurality of inclined plates are fixedly arranged on one side of the cleaning rotating plate. Connecting ports are fixedly arranged at the upper and lower ends inside the transparent tube. Connecting tubes penetrate through opposite ends of the two connecting bases. Opposite ends of the two connecting tubes are fixedly connected to the connecting ports;

[0034] Specifically, in the above specific embodiment, setting multiple transparent tubes in the solar collector can achieve the absorption of solar energy. When the water flow is changing water or circulating, it will show a certain flow rate and impact force. The water flow impacts the inclined plate surface with a certain force. Since this inclined plate is rigidly connected to the cleaning rotating plate, the inclined plate will drive the cleaning rotating plate to rotate around the axis under the impact of the water flow. During the rotation of the cleaning rotating plate, it will closely adhere to the inner wall of the transparent tube, effectively scraping off the dirt attached to the inner wall. This dynamic cleaning mechanism ensures the cleanliness inside the transparent tube, prevents the accumulation of dirt, and thus avoids the obstruction of light and heat transfer. In this way, solar energy can be maximally transmitted through the transparent tube and absorbed by the working fluid, thereby maintaining a stable heat supply for the solar collector. Through such a design, the entire system can ensure long-term efficient and stable operation.

[0035] As Figure 5 shown, the split structure includes an inflow pipe. One end of the inflow pipe is fixedly provided with a first shunt pipe. The other two ends of the first shunt pipe are both fixedly provided with second shunt pipes. The other two ends of the two second shunt pipes are both fixedly provided with two third shunt pipes. The distance between every two of the eight third shunt pipes is 30 mm;

[0036] Specifically, in the above specific embodiments, during the operation of the solar evaporator, the working fluid first enters the branched structure, and starting from the one-to-two stage, the branched structure ensures that the lengths of each pipeline and the main pipeline are consistent. Thus, when the fluid flows through these pipelines, the resistance differences between the pipelines can be effectively balanced. In the face of different dryness and mass flow conditions, this design enables the gas-liquid two-phase flow to be evenly dispersed into each flow channel. When the fluid enters the evaporator body, due to its evenly distributed characteristics, it can fully contact the heat exchange surface, thus forming good heat exchange conditions. Such conditions enable efficient heat transfer, greatly improving the heat exchange efficiency, thereby promoting the energy conversion and utilization of the entire solar evaporator system and further enhancing the overall performance of the system.

[0037] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A solar evaporator, comprising a solar collector (1), characterized in that: The solar thermal collector (1) is connected to a working fluid circulation device (4), the working fluid circulation device (4) is connected to a branch structure (5), the branch structure (5) is connected to an evaporator body (6), the evaporator body (6) is connected to a pipeline system (3), the pipeline system (3) is connected to the working fluid circulation device (4), and the solar thermal collector (1), the working fluid circulation device (4) and the pipeline system (3) are connected to a control system (2).

2. A solar evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar thermal collector (1) comprises two connecting bases (102), a supporting base (104) is fixedly arranged between the two connecting bases (102), and a transparent tube (105) is fixedly arranged between the two connecting bases (102) and the supporting base (104); The upper end of the upper one of the two connecting bases (102) is fixedly provided with a connecting frame (108), a servo motor (107) is fixedly provided on one side of the connecting frame (108), an adjusting column (110) is fixedly provided on the output end of the servo motor (107), a magnetic strip (109) is fixedly provided inside the adjusting column (110) on one side close to the supporting base (104), an adjusting cylinder (101) is fixedly provided on one side of the supporting base (104), and the adjusting column (110) is rotatably provided inside the adjusting cylinder (101).

3. A solar evaporator according to claim 2, characterized in that: Rotating discs (112) are rotatably arranged inside the transparent tube (105) near the upper and lower ends, a cleaning rotating plate (103) is fixedly arranged on one side between the two rotating discs (112), and a plurality of inclined plates (111) are fixedly arranged on one side of the cleaning rotating plate (103).

4. A solar evaporator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the transparent tube (105) are fixedly provided with connection ports (113), the opposite ends of the two connection bases (102) are penetrated by connection tubes (106), and the opposite ends of the two connection tubes (106) are fixedly connected to the connection ports (113).

5. A solar evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The branch structure (5) comprises an inflow pipe (501), a first flow diversion pipe (502) being fixedly arranged at one end of the inflow pipe (501), second flow diversion pipes (503) being fixedly arranged at the other two ends of the first flow diversion pipe, and two third flow diversion pipes (504) being fixedly arranged at the other two ends of the two second flow diversion pipes (503).

6. A solar evaporator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The distance between any two of the eight third diversion tubes (504) is 30 mm.

7. Use of the solar evaporator according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in the production of new energy.

8. A solar water collector, characterized in that: The solar evaporator and water collection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are included; the water collection device is connected to the evaporator; The water collecting device is used to collect the liquid evaporated by the evaporator.

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