Multi-dimensional protection lightning arrester based on zinc oxide nonlinear material

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lightning arresters, in particular to a multi-dimensional protection lightning arrester based on a zinc oxide nonlinear material, which comprises a silicon rubber sleeve, an end cover and a bottom cover, the end cover and the bottom cover are fixedly connected to the upper end and the lower end of the silicon rubber sleeve respectively, the end cover is fixedly connected with an upper wiring end, and the bottom cover is fixedly connected with a lower wiring end. A lower wiring end is fixedly connected to the bottom cover, a plurality of resistance valve plates are arranged in the silicone rubber sleeve, and a first spring is arranged between the end cover and the uppermost resistance valve plate; according to the invention, by increasing the pressure relief channel in the one-way pipe and increasing the pressure relief speed, when the air pressure is abnormal, the pressure relief channel and the pressure relief speed are increased, the silicone rubber sleeve is prevented from exploding, and the cutter moves towards the outer sleeve along the interior of the limiting shell to cut off the power line, so that a fault segment resistor disc circuit is quickly cut off; and continuous expansion of loss is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lightning arresters, and particularly to a multi-dimensional protection lightning arrester based on zinc oxide nonlinear materials. Background Art

[0002] Zinc oxide lightning arresters are key overvoltage protection devices in the power system. Their core function is to suppress abnormal voltages through non-linear volt-ampere characteristics to ensure the safety of equipment. Their advantages include a compact structure, maintenance-free operation, large current-carrying capacity, and a long life cycle. They are widely used in substations, transmission lines, and the protection of precision equipment, significantly improving the surge resistance and power supply reliability of the power system, and are the preferred solution for modern power overvoltage protection.

[0003] The patent document with the publication number CN119673597A discloses a zinc oxide lightning arrester and a substation, which relates to the technical field of lightning arresters. It includes a silicone rubber outer sleeve, a plurality of umbrella skirts fixedly arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the silicone rubber outer sleeve, and sealing fittings for blocking the openings at both ends of the silicone rubber outer sleeve. A plurality of resistor discs are arranged inside the silicone rubber outer sleeve; an insulating sleeve is arranged inside the silicone rubber outer sleeve and sleeved outside the resistor discs. A rain cap made of silicone rubber is sleeved on the outer periphery of one end of the silicone rubber outer sleeve, and the inner wall of the rain cap is in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the silicone rubber outer sleeve.

[0004] When a zinc oxide lightning arrester is working, it needs to be sealed to prevent the zinc oxide lightning arrester from being affected by moisture and affecting its performance. However, when the zinc oxide lightning arrester is struck by lightning, the zinc oxide resistor discs are instantaneously heated to a high temperature during lightning strikes, causing the material to decompose and generate gas, resulting in a sudden increase in pressure inside the sealing structure. And due to the Joule heat generated by the large current passing through the resistor discs, the internal pressure of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is too high, thereby increasing the probability of the shell of the zinc oxide lightning arrester bursting. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies existing in the prior art, and to propose a multi-dimensional protection lightning arrester based on zinc oxide nonlinear materials.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a multi-dimensional protection lightning arrester based on zinc oxide nonlinear materials, including a silicone rubber sleeve, an end cover, and a bottom cover. The end cover and the bottom cover are respectively fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the silicone rubber sleeve. An upper wiring terminal is fixedly connected to the end cover, and a lower wiring terminal is fixedly connected to the bottom cover; A plurality of resistor valve plates are arranged inside the silicone rubber sleeve. A first spring is arranged between the end cover and the uppermost resistor valve plate. A limiting ring is arranged at the top of the end cover. A plurality of one-way tubes are fixedly inserted along the circumference on the limiting ring. The open ends at the bottoms of the plurality of one-way tubes all penetrate through the end cover and extend to the lower part of the end cover, and then are fixedly inserted together with a movable ring. Second springs are sleeved on the surfaces of the one-way tubes, and the second springs are fixedly connected between the movable ring and the end cover; The top of the one-way tube is fixedly communicated with a first exhaust pipe. A pressure relief valve is fixedly installed on the first exhaust pipe. Sealing rings are slidably sleeved on the surfaces of the one-way tubes, and the sealing rings are fixedly connected to the end cover. A first communication groove and a second communication groove are respectively formed on one side of the sealing ring and the one-way tube. The second communication groove is located below the first communication groove. A fixed ring is fixedly connected to the top of the end cover. A plurality of limiting strips are fixedly connected to the fixed ring. One ends of the limiting strips are all located on the top of the limiting ring. Notches are formed at the bottoms of the limiting strips. An outer sleeve is fixedly connected above the end cover. The bottom of the outer sleeve is fixedly communicated with a limiting shell. A cutter is fixedly connected to the top of the limiting ring, and the cutting end of the cutter is located inside the limiting shell.

[0007] Preferably, an inner sleeve is slidably connected inside the outer sleeve. Two mounting blocks are fixedly connected to the surface of the inner sleeve along the circumference. Limiting pins are fixedly connected to one sides of the mounting blocks. Two mounting rings are fixedly connected to the surface of the outer sleeve along the circumference. The limiting pins are all slidably inserted inside the corresponding mounting rings. A third spring is sleeved on the limiting pins, and the third spring is fixedly connected between the corresponding mounting block and the mounting ring. Positioning bolts are threadedly connected to the tops of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve.

[0008] Preferably, annular sealants are bonded to the mutually remote ends of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, a second exhaust pipe is fixedly connected inside the first communication groove. A one-way valve is fixedly installed on the second exhaust pipe.

[0010] Preferably, a first helical groove is formed in the silicone rubber sleeve, a helical ventilation pipe is arranged inside the first helical groove, a second helical groove is formed in the inner wall of the silicone rubber sleeve, a plurality of communication holes are formed in the second helical groove, the communication holes are all communicated with the first helical groove, an air outlet pipe and an air inlet pipe are respectively and fixedly communicated with the end cover and the bottom cover, a ventilation air inlet mechanism is connected to the air inlet pipe, the air outlet pipe and the air inlet pipe are respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the helical ventilation pipe, a pouring pipe is fixedly communicated with the end cover, the pouring pipe is located at the top of the second helical groove, and a retaining ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the end cover, and the retaining ring is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the silicone rubber sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, the ventilation air inlet mechanism includes a fan, the fan is fixedly installed on the bottom cover, and one end of the air inlet pipe is fixedly communicated with the fan.

[0012] Preferably, threaded grooves are formed at both ends of the silicone rubber sleeve, and the end cover and the bottom cover are respectively threadedly connected to the corresponding threaded grooves.

[0013] Preferably, annular sealing strips are fixedly connected inside the end cover and the bottom cover, and the annular sealing strips are located between the first helical groove and the second helical groove.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of silicone rubber umbrella skirts are fixedly connected to the surface of the silicone rubber sleeve, and the silicone rubber umbrella skirts all incline downward.

[0015] Preferably, the fixing ring and the end cover are fixed by connecting bolts.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By the action of air pressure, pressure is applied to the single-pass pipe, so as to apply a vertically upward force to the limiting ring, and through the extrusion of the limiting ring on the limiting strip, a plurality of limiting strips are broken along the notch, so as to release the limiting effect of the limiting strip on the top of the limiting ring, and a plurality of single-pass pipes move upward along the sliding insertion part of the end cover and drive the limiting ring to move upward synchronously. When the single-pass pipe moves upward along the inside of the sealing ring, the second communication groove moves upward and is communicated with the first communication groove, so as to increase the pressure relief channel inside the single-pass pipe and improve the pressure relief speed, so as to increase the pressure relief path and pressure relief speed when the air pressure is abnormal, and prevent the silicone rubber sleeve from exploding. 2. By passing one end of the power cord through the inside of the outer sleeve and fixing it on the surface of the upper wiring terminal, when the single-pass pipe moves upward under high pressure, the limiting ring drives the cutter to move upward synchronously, so that the cutter moves along the inside of the limiting shell into the outer sleeve and cuts off the power cord, so as to quickly cut off the resistance sheet circuit of the faulty section and avoid the continuous expansion of losses.

[0017] 3. The power cord inside the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve is in a taut and straight state. After the cutting knife moves along the inside of the limit housing into the outer sleeve and cuts off the power cord, the third spring extends outward through its elastic action, causing the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve to move away from each other. Through the positioning function of the positioning bolt, the power cords move away from each other along the fracture, thus preventing the fracture of the power cord from making contact and remaining in an electrically conductive state, improving the safety after the circuit is cut off. Moreover, through the limitation of the two ends of the power cord fracture by the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, the fracture of the power cord is located inside the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, thus preventing short circuit caused by the contact between rainwater and the power cord fracture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 of the present invention Figure 1 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at A in the present invention; Figure 3 of the present invention Figure 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at B in the present invention; Figure 4 is a sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 of the present invention Figure 4 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at C in the present invention; Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the silicone rubber sleeve of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the toroidal section of the silicone rubber sleeve of the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the silicone rubber sleeve and the spiral ventilation pipe of the present invention (the silicone rubber sleeve is toroidally sectioned); Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the end cover and the single-pass pipe of the present invention; Figure 10 of the present invention Figure 9 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at D in the present invention; Figure 11 of the present invention Figure 9 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at E in the present invention; Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the single-pass pipe and the sealing ring of the present invention (the sealing ring is sectioned); Figure 13 of the present invention Figure 12 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at F in the present invention; Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the bottom cover structure of the present invention; Figure 15 is a sectional structural schematic diagram of the silicone rubber sleeve of the present invention; Figure 16 For the present invention Figure 15 Schematic enlarged view of the structure at position G in the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1. Silicone rubber sleeve; 2. End cover; 3. Bottom cover; 4. Upper wiring terminal; 5. Lower wiring terminal; 6. Resistive valve disc; 7. First spring; 8. Limit ring; 9. One-way pipe; 10. Movable ring; 11. Second spring; 12. First exhaust pipe; 13. Pressure relief valve; 14. Sealing ring; 15. First communication groove; 16. Second communication groove; 17. Fixed ring; 18. Limit strip; 19. Notch; 20. Outer sleeve; 21. Limit housing; 22. Cutting knife; 23. Inner sleeve; 24. Mounting block; 25. Limit pin; 26. Mounting ring; 27. Third spring; 28. Positioning bolt; 29. Annular sealant; 30. Second exhaust pipe; 31. Check valve; 32. First helical groove; 33. Helical ventilation pipe; 34. Second helical groove; 35. Communication hole; 36. Air outlet pipe; 37. Air inlet pipe; 38. Pouring pipe; 39. Retaining ring; 40. Fan; 41. Threaded groove; 42. Annular sealing strip; 43. Silicone rubber umbrella skirt; 44. Connecting bolt. Specific embodiments

[0020] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art can think of other obvious variations.

[0021] As Figures 1 to 16 shown, a multi-dimensional protection lightning arrester based on zinc oxide nonlinear material includes a silicone rubber sleeve 1, an end cover 2 and a bottom cover 3. The end cover 2 and the bottom cover 3 are respectively fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the silicone rubber sleeve 1. An upper wiring terminal 4 is fixedly connected to the end cover 2, and a lower wiring terminal 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom cover 3; A plurality of resistive valve discs 6 are arranged inside the silicone rubber sleeve 1 (as Figure 4 shown). A first spring 7 is arranged between the end cover 2 and the uppermost resistive valve disc 6. A limit ring 8 is arranged at the top of the end cover 2. A plurality of one-way pipes 9 are fixedly inserted along the circumferential direction on the limit ring 8. The open ends at the bottoms of the plurality of one-way pipes 9 all penetrate through the end cover 2 and extend to the lower side of the end cover 2 and are jointly fixedly inserted with a movable ring 10. Second springs 11 are sleeved on the surfaces of the one-way pipes 9 (as Figure 10 shown). The second springs 11 are fixedly connected between the movable ring 10 and the end cover 2; The top of the one-way pipe 9 is fixedly communicated with a first exhaust pipe 12. A pressure relief valve 13 is fixedly installed on the first exhaust pipe 12. Sealing rings 14 are slidably sleeved on the surfaces of the one-way pipes 9. The sealing rings 14 are fixedly connected to the end cover 2. A first communication groove 15 and a second communication groove 16 are respectively opened on one side of the sealing ring 14 and the one-way pipe 9 (as Figure 13As shown), the second communication groove 16 is located below the first communication groove 15, and a fixing ring 17 is fixedly connected to the top of the end cover 2 (as Figure 2As shown in the figure, a plurality of limiting strips 18 are fixedly connected to the fixing ring 17. One ends of the limiting strips 18 are all located at the top of the limiting ring 8. A notch 19 is formed at the bottom of the limiting strip 18. An outer sleeve 20 is fixedly connected above the end cover 2. The bottom of the outer sleeve 20 is fixedly communicated with a limiting housing 21. A cutter 22 is fixedly connected to the top of the limiting ring 8. The cutting end of the cutter 22 is located inside the limiting housing 21. During operation, the zinc oxide lightning arrester needs to be sealed during operation to prevent the zinc oxide lightning arrester from being affected by moisture and affecting its performance. However, when the zinc oxide lightning arrester is struck by lightning, the zinc oxide resistor chip is instantly heated to a high temperature during lightning strikes, causing the material to decompose and generate gas, resulting in a sudden increase in pressure inside the sealing structure. And due to the Joule heat generated by the large current passing through the resistor chip, the internal pressure of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is too high, increasing the probability of the zinc oxide lightning arrester housing bursting. This technical solution can solve the above problems. The specific working method is as follows: The upper and lower ends of the silicone rubber sleeve 1 are fixedly sealed by the end cover 2 and the bottom cover 3, so as to seal and limit a plurality of resistor valve plates 6 inside the silicone rubber sleeve 1, and elastically press the plurality of resistor valve plates 6 through the elastic stretching action of the first spring 7 to ensure the close contact between the resistor valve plates 6 and prevent problems such as poor contact during the operation of the resistor valve plates 6. Connect the power line to the upper terminal 4 and ground the lower terminal 5. When a plurality of resistor valve plates 6 are struck by lightning and instantly cause high temperature and high pressure inside the silicone rubber sleeve 1, when the pressure reaches 0.5 MPa, the high-pressure gas is guided through one end of the single-pass tube 9 located inside the silicone rubber sleeve 1, so that the gas moves along the inside of the single-pass tube 9 into the first exhaust pipe 12, and the gas is discharged through the pressure relief valve 13, thereby releasing the gas inside the silicone rubber sleeve 1. When the pressure exceeds 1.When the pressure is 2 MPa, the pressure relief effect of the pressure relief valve 13 cannot release the internal air pressure in time, and applies pressure to the single-pass pipe 9 through the action of air pressure, thereby applying a vertically upward force to the limiting ring 8, and through the extrusion of the limiting strip 18 by the limiting ring 8, multiple limiting strips 18 are broken along the notch 19, thereby releasing the limiting effect of the limiting strip 18 on the top of the limiting ring 8, and enabling multiple single-pass pipes 9 to move upward along the sliding insertion part of the end cover 2, and driving the limiting ring 8 to move upward synchronously. When the single-pass pipe 9 moves upward along the inside of the sealing ring 14, the second communication groove 16 moves upward and communicates with the first communication groove 15, thereby increasing the pressure relief channel inside the single-pass pipe 9 and increasing the pressure relief speed, so as to increase the pressure relief path and pressure relief speed when the air pressure is abnormal, prevent the silicone rubber sleeve 1 from exploding, and when the single-pass pipe 9 moves upward, limit the bottom of the single-pass pipe 9 through the movable ring 10 to prevent the single-pass pipe 9 from detaching from the end cover 2, and during the movement of the movable ring 10, the second spring 11 is squeezed to generate a compressive deformation, so that after the internal air pressure of the silicone rubber sleeve 1 returns to normal, the single-pass pipe 9 moves downward and returns to the initial position. When connecting the power cord and the upper wiring terminal 4, by passing one end of the power cord through the inside of the outer sleeve 20 and fixing it on the surface of the upper wiring terminal 4, when the single-pass pipe 9 moves upward under high pressure, the limiting ring 8 drives the cutter 22 to move upward synchronously, so that the cutter 22 moves into the outer sleeve 20 along the inside of the limiting housing 21 and cuts off the power cord, thereby quickly cutting off the resistance piece circuit of the faulty section and avoiding the continuous expansion of losses.

[0022] As a further embodiment of the present invention, an inner sleeve 23 is slidably connected inside the outer sleeve 20. Two mounting blocks 24 are fixedly connected to the surface of the inner sleeve 23 along the circumferential direction. A limit pin 25 is fixedly connected to one side of each mounting block 24. Two mounting rings 26 are fixedly connected to the surface of the outer sleeve 20 along the circumferential direction. The limit pins 25 are all slidably inserted into the corresponding mounting rings 26. A third spring 27 is sleeved on the limit pin 25. The third spring 27 is fixedly connected between the corresponding mounting block 24 and mounting ring 26. Positioning bolts 28 are threadedly connected to the tops of both the outer sleeve 20 and the inner sleeve 23. When working, when connecting the power cord and the upper terminal 4, one end of the power cord is sequentially passed through the inner sleeve 23 and the outer sleeve 20 and then fixed to the upper terminal 4. Then, the inner sleeve 23 is pressed towards the outer sleeve 20, so that the limit pin 25 moves along the sliding insertion part of the mounting ring 26 and compresses the third spring 27 to generate a compressive deformation. Then, by rotating the positioning bolts 28, one ends of both positioning bolts 28 are pressed against the outer surface of the power cord for positioning. Thus, under the elastic extension action of the third spring 27, the power cord inside the inner sleeve 23 and the outer sleeve 20 is in a stretched and taut state. When the cutter 22 moves along the inside of the limit housing 21 into the outer sleeve 20 and cuts off the power cord, the third spring 27 extends outward through the elastic action, so that the inner sleeve 23 and the outer sleeve 20 move away from each other. And through the positioning action of the positioning bolts 28, the power cords move away from each other along the fracture, thereby preventing the fracture of the power cord from contacting and remaining in the circuit conduction state, improving the safety after the circuit is cut off. And through the limitation of the inner sleeve 23 and the outer sleeve 20 on both ends of the power cord fracture, the fracture of the power cord is located in the inner sleeve 23 and the outer sleeve 20, thereby preventing rainwater from contacting the power cord fracture and causing a short circuit.

[0023] As a further embodiment of the present invention, annular sealants 29 are bonded to the mutually remote ends of the outer sleeve 20 and the inner sleeve 23. When working, after the power cord is fixed by the positioning bolts 28, the annular sealants 29 on the outer sleeve 20 and the inner sleeve 23 are pasted and wrapped around the surface of the power cord, thereby sealing the openings at the mutually remote ends of the outer sleeve 20 and the inner sleeve 23, preventing rainwater from entering through the openings at the mutually remote ends of the outer sleeve 20 and the inner sleeve 23 after the power cord is cut off, and further reducing the probability of a short circuit.

[0024] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a second exhaust pipe 30 is fixedly connected inside the first communication groove 15. A one-way valve 31 is fixedly installed on the second exhaust pipe 30. When working, when the single-pass pipe 9 moves upward and the second communication groove 16 is connected to the first communication groove 15, high-pressure gas is discharged outward from the inside of the second exhaust pipe 30, and the one-way valve 31 is installed to prevent rainwater from entering the inside of the single-pass pipe 9, ensuring the dry and sealed degree of the environment at the resistance valve sheet 6.

[0025] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a first spiral groove 32 is formed on the silicone rubber sleeve 1 (in combination with Figure 15 and Figure 16 ), a spiral ventilation pipe 33 is arranged inside the first spiral groove 32, a second spiral groove 34 is formed on the inner wall of the silicone rubber sleeve 1, a plurality of communication holes 35 are formed in the second spiral groove 34, the communication holes 35 are all communicated with the first spiral groove 32, an air outlet pipe 36 and an air inlet pipe 37 are respectively fixedly communicated on the end cover 2 and the bottom cover 3 (in combination with Figure 11 and Figure 14 ), an air inlet mechanism is connected to the air inlet pipe 37, the air outlet pipe 36 and the air inlet pipe 37 are respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the spiral ventilation pipe 33, a pouring pipe 38 is fixedly communicated on the end cover 2, the pouring pipe 38 is located at the top of the second spiral groove 34, a retaining ring 39 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the end cover 2, and the retaining ring 39 is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the silicone rubber sleeve 1; during operation, the molten high thermal conductivity paraffin base is poured into the second spiral groove 34 along the pouring pipe 38, and through the contact between the resistive valve plate 6 and the retaining ring 39 and the inner wall of the silicone rubber sleeve 1, the high thermal conductivity paraffin base flows downward along the spiral track of the second spiral groove 34 for filling, contacts the surface of the resistive valve plate 6 during the flowing filling process, and fills the corresponding communication holes 35 during the flowing process, so as to contact the spiral ventilation pipe 33, and when the temperature of the high thermal conductivity paraffin base cools down and returns to the solid state, the inside of the second spiral groove 34 is filled in a solid state to ensure the sealing degree of the resistive valve plate 6, then through the action of the air inlet mechanism, air enters the air inlet pipe 37, moves along the inside of the spiral ventilation pipe 33 and is finally discharged from the air outlet pipe 36, so that when the wind force acts inside the spiral ventilation pipe 33, through the contact heat conduction action of the high thermal conductivity paraffin base, the heat generated on the surface of the resistive valve plate 6 is conducted to the spiral ventilation pipe 33 along the communication holes 35, and the heat is dissipated along with the wind force, so as to ensure the heat dissipation effect of the resistive valve plate 6 in the daily environment. When the resistive valve plate 6 is struck by lightning and instantly causes high temperature and high pressure inside the silicone rubber sleeve 1, the high thermal conductivity paraffin base melts under the high temperature action and absorbs the phase change heat of the silicone rubber sleeve 1, thereby reducing the internal temperature of the silicone rubber sleeve 1.

[0026] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the air inlet mechanism includes a fan 40, the fan 40 is fixedly installed on the bottom cover 3, and one end of the air inlet pipe 37 is fixedly communicated with the fan 40; during operation, the fan 40 works to continuously introduce air into the air inlet pipe 37, enter the spiral ventilation pipe 33 along the air inlet pipe 37, and then exhaust air along the air outlet pipe 36, so that the spiral ventilation pipe 33 has a one-way wind flow inside.

[0027] As a further embodiment of the present invention, threaded grooves 41 are provided at both ends of the silicone rubber sleeve 1, and the end cap 2 and the bottom cap 3 are respectively threadedly connected to the corresponding threaded grooves 41; during operation, the end cap 2 and the bottom cap 3 are respectively threadedly connected through the threaded grooves 41, so as to facilitate the disassembly and maintenance of the equipment and improve the convenience of maintenance.

[0028] As a further embodiment of the present invention, annular sealing strips 42 are fixedly connected inside both the end cap 2 and the bottom cap 3, and the annular sealing strips 42 are located between the first spiral groove 32 and the second spiral groove 34; during operation, through the setting of the annular sealing strips 42, the sealing degree at both ends of the silicone rubber sleeve 1 is improved, and the first spiral groove 32 and the second spiral groove 34 are separated by the annular sealing strips 42, ensuring that the ventilation and cooling of the spiral ventilation pipe 33 will not affect the sealing performance inside the silicone rubber sleeve 1.

[0029] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of silicone rubber umbrella skirts 43 (as Figure 1 shown) are fixedly connected to the surface of the silicone rubber sleeve 1, and the silicone rubber umbrella skirts 43 are all inclined downward; during operation, by arranging multiple-stage silicone rubber umbrella skirts 43 on the surface of the silicone rubber sleeve 1, the creepage distance is increased, and surface discharge along the surface in a polluted and humid environment is prevented, improving the adaptability to outdoor environments.

[0030] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the fixing ring 17 and the end cap 2 are fixed through a connecting bolt 44 (as Figure 2 shown); during operation, the fixing ring 17 is fixed to the end cap 2 through the connecting bolt 44. After the limiting strip 18 breaks along the notch 19 under high voltage, the staff can disassemble and replace the fixing ring 17 and the limiting strip 18, thereby reducing the maintenance cost and improving the convenience of maintenance.

[0031] The working principle of the present invention: The upper and lower ends of the silicone rubber sleeve 1 are fixed and sealed by the end cover 2 and the bottom cover 3, so as to seal and limit a plurality of resistive varistors 6 inside the silicone rubber sleeve 1, and elastically press the plurality of resistive varistors 6 through the elastic stretching action of the first spring 7 to ensure close contact between the resistive varistors 6 and prevent phenomena such as poor contact when the resistive varistors 6 work. A power line is connected to the upper terminal 4, and the lower terminal 5 is grounded. When a plurality of resistive varistors 6 are struck by lightning and instantly cause high temperature and high pressure to be generated inside the silicone rubber sleeve 1, when the pressure reaches 0.5 MPa, the high-pressure gas is guided through one end of the single-pass tube 9 located inside the silicone rubber sleeve 1, and the gas moves along the inside of the single-pass tube 9 towards the first exhaust pipe 12, and the gas is depressurized and discharged through the action of the pressure relief valve 13, thereby releasing the gas inside the silicone rubber sleeve 1. When the pressure exceeds 1.2 MPa, the pressure relief effect of the pressure relief valve 13 cannot release the internal air pressure in time, and the pressure is applied to the single-pass tube 9 through the air pressure, thereby applying a vertically upward force to the limiting ring 8, and through the extrusion of the limiting ring 8 on the limiting strip 18, a plurality of limiting strips 18 are broken along the notch 19, thereby releasing the limiting effect of the limiting strip 18 on the top of the limiting ring 8, and causing a plurality of single-pass tubes 9 to move upward along the sliding insertion part of the end cover 2, and driving the limiting ring 8 to move upward synchronously. When the single-pass tube 9 moves upward along the inside of the sealing ring 14, the second communication groove 16 moves upward and communicates with the first communication groove 15, thereby increasing the pressure relief channel inside the single-pass tube 9 and increasing the pressure relief speed, so as to increase the pressure relief path and pressure relief speed when the air pressure is abnormal, prevent the silicone rubber sleeve 1 from exploding, and when the single-pass tube 9 moves upward, the bottom of the single-pass tube 9 is limited by the movable ring 10 to prevent the single-pass tube 9 from detaching from the end cover 2, and the second spring 11 is compressed and deformed by the extrusion during the movement of the movable ring 10, so that after the internal air pressure of the silicone rubber sleeve 1 returns to normal, the single-pass tube 9 moves downward and returns to the initial position. When connecting the power line and the upper terminal 4, one end of the power line is passed through the inside of the outer sleeve 20 and fixed on the surface of the upper terminal 4. When the single-pass tube 9 moves upward under high pressure, the limiting ring 8 drives the cutter 22 to move upward synchronously, so that the cutter 22 moves along the inside of the limiting housing 21 towards the outer sleeve 20 and cuts off the power line, thereby quickly cutting off the circuit of the faulty section of the resistor sheet and avoiding the continuous expansion of losses.

[0032] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of this industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification is only the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-dimensional lightning protection device based on zinc oxide nonlinear material, comprising a silicone rubber sleeve, an end cover and a bottom cover, characterized in that: The end cover and the bottom cover are respectively fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the silicone rubber sleeve, the end cover is fixedly connected to the upper wiring terminal, and the bottom cover is fixedly connected to the lower wiring terminal; A plurality of resistance valve sheets are arranged inside the silicone rubber sleeve, a first spring is arranged between the end cover and the uppermost resistance valve sheet, a limit ring is arranged on the top of the end cover, a plurality of single-way tubes are fixedly inserted circumferentially on the limit ring, the open ends of the bottom of the plurality of single-way tubes all penetrate the end cover and extend to the bottom of the end cover and are fixedly inserted with a movable ring, a second spring is sleeved on the surface of the single-way tubes, and the second spring is fixedly connected between the movable ring and the end cover; The top of the single-way pipe is fixedly connected to a first exhaust pipe, on which a pressure relief valve is fixedly installed, a sealing ring is slidably sleeved on the surface of the single-way pipe, the sealing ring is fixedly connected to the end cover, a first communicating groove and a second communicating groove are respectively provided on one side of the sealing ring and the single-way pipe, the second communicating groove is located below the first communicating groove, a fixing ring is fixedly connected to the top of the end cover, a plurality of limit strips are fixedly connected to the fixing ring, one end of the limit strips are located at the top of the limit strip, a notch is provided at the bottom of the limit strip, an outer sleeve is fixedly connected to the top of the end cover, the bottom of the outer sleeve is fixedly connected to the limit shell, a cutter is fixedly connected to the top of the limit ring, and the cutting end of the cutter is located inside the limit shell.

2. The multi-dimensional lightning protection device based on zinc oxide nonlinear material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner sleeve is slidably connected to the inside of the outer sleeve, and the surface of the inner sleeve is fixedly connected to two mounting blocks along the circumferential direction. One side of the mounting block is fixedly connected to a limit pin. The surface of the outer sleeve is fixedly connected to two mounting rings along the circumferential direction. The limit pins are slidably inserted into the corresponding mounting rings. A third spring is sleeved on the limit pin, and the third spring is fixedly connected between the corresponding mounting block and the mounting ring. Positioning bolts are threadedly connected to the tops of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve.

3. The multi-dimensional lightning protection device based on zinc oxide nonlinear material according to claim 2 is characterized in that: An annular sealant is bonded to the ends of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve which are away from each other.

4. The multi-dimensional lightning protection device based on zinc oxide nonlinear material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The interior of the first communicating groove is fixedly connected with a second exhaust pipe, and a one-way valve is fixedly installed on the second exhaust pipe.

5. The multi-dimensional lightning protection device based on zinc oxide nonlinear material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A first spiral groove is provided on the silicone rubber sleeve, a spiral ventilation pipe is arranged inside the first spiral groove, a second spiral groove is provided on the inner wall of the silicone rubber sleeve, a plurality of connecting holes are provided on the second spiral groove, all the connecting holes are connected with the first spiral groove, an air outlet pipe and an air inlet pipe are fixedly connected on the end cover and the bottom cover respectively, a ventilation air inlet mechanism is connected to the air inlet pipe, the air outlet pipe and the air inlet pipe are respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the spiral ventilation pipe, a casting pipe is fixedly connected on the end cover, the casting pipe is located at the top of the second spiral groove, a retaining ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the end cover, and the retaining ring is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the silicone rubber sleeve.

6. The multi-dimensional lightning protection device based on zinc oxide nonlinear material according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The ventilation air intake mechanism comprises a fan, which is fixedly mounted on the bottom cover, and one end of the air intake pipe is fixedly connected to the fan.

7. The multi-dimensional lightning protection device based on zinc oxide nonlinear material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Both ends of the silicone rubber sleeve are provided with thread grooves, and the end cover and the bottom cover are respectively threadedly connected to the corresponding thread grooves.

8. The multi-dimensional lightning protection device based on zinc oxide nonlinear material according to claim 5, characterized in that: An annular sealing strip is fixedly connected inside the end cover and the bottom cover, and the annular sealing strip is located between the first spiral groove and the second spiral groove.

9. The multi-dimensional lightning protection device based on zinc oxide nonlinear material according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of silicone rubber sheds are fixedly connected to the surface of the silicone rubber sleeve, and the silicone rubber sheds are all inclined downward.

10. The multi-dimensional lightning protection device based on zinc oxide nonlinear material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing ring and the end cover are fixed by connecting bolts.

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