Efficient tightening type back cavity radiator and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient tightening type back cavity radiator which comprises a special-shaped reflection cavity, a feed cable penetrates into the bottom of a cavity body of the special-shaped reflection cavity, and a balun balancer electrically connected with the feed cable is connected into the special-shaped reflection cavity. One end, far away from the bottom of a cavity body of the special-shaped reflection cavity, of the balun balancer is connected with a first special-shaped oscillator piece and a second special-shaped oscillator piece, the top of the cavity body of the special-shaped reflection cavity is connected with a strip-shaped loading medium, and the first special-shaped oscillator piece and the second special-shaped oscillator piece are both connected with the bottom of the strip-shaped loading medium. The special-shaped reflection cavity, the Balun balancer, the first special-shaped oscillator sheet, the second special-shaped oscillator sheet and the strip-shaped loading medium are combined and installed, so that the aperture size of the back cavity radiator can be controlled to be 1 / 3 of the wavelength of the low-frequency end, and the height of the special-shaped reflection cavity can be controlled to be 1 / 9 of the wavelength of the low-frequency end; the physical size of a traditional low-band cavity-backed radiator is effectively compressed, and unification of the directional diagram bandwidth, the gain bandwidth and the standing wave coefficient bandwidth of 3: 1 or above can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of electromagnetic fields and microwave technologies, and particularly relates to an efficient compact back cavity radiator and its working method. Background Art

[0002] The broadband back cavity radiator is a highly efficient antenna with a relatively wide range of applications. The aperture size of a traditional broadband back cavity radiator is generally above 0.5 wavelengths at the low-frequency end. Through technical measures such as dielectric loading, the aperture size of the broadband back cavity radiator is generally also 0.4 wavelengths at the low-frequency end. When the operating frequency band is relatively low, the effect of simple dielectric loading technical measures is not obvious, and the antenna becomes too heavy due to the loading, which limits its application.

[0003] Therefore, some technicians adopt the traditional mode of hybrid loading of lossy materials and distributed reactances to achieve ultra-wideband, but this will sacrifice the radiation efficiency and power capacity of the radiator and reduce the quality factor (Q value) of the radiator. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an efficient compact back cavity radiator and its working method, which can effectively compress the physical size of a traditional low-band back cavity radiator.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, an efficient compact back cavity radiator is provided, which includes a special-shaped reflection cavity. A feeding cable penetrates through the bottom of the cavity of the special-shaped reflection cavity. A balun balancer electrically connected to the feeding cable is connected inside the special-shaped reflection cavity. One end of the balun balancer far from the bottom of the cavity of the special-shaped reflection cavity is connected to a first special-shaped oscillator plate and a second special-shaped oscillator plate. A strip-shaped loading dielectric is connected to the top of the cavity of the special-shaped reflection cavity. Both the first special-shaped oscillator plate and the second special-shaped oscillator plate are connected to the bottom of the strip-shaped loading dielectric;

[0007] Among them, the feeding cable transmits electromagnetic signals. The balun balancer suppresses the transmission of the radio frequency current in the electromagnetic signal to the bottom of the cavity of the special-shaped reflection cavity, so as to excite equal-amplitude and anti-phase oscillating currents on the first special-shaped oscillator plate and the second special-shaped oscillator plate. The first special-shaped oscillator plate and the second special-shaped oscillator plate radiate electromagnetic signals. Part of the electromagnetic signals directly radiate into the external space through one side of the strip-shaped loading dielectric, and the other part of the electromagnetic signals are reflected by the special-shaped reflection cavity and then radiate into the external space through the strip-shaped loading dielectric. These two parts of electromagnetic signals are vectorially synthesized in the external space, thereby forming directional radiation.

[0008] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: By combining and installing the special-shaped reflection cavity, balun balancer, first special-shaped oscillator plate, second special-shaped oscillator plate, and strip-loaded medium, the aperture size of the back cavity radiator can be controlled within 1 / 3 of the wavelength at the low-frequency end, and the height of the special-shaped reflection cavity can be controlled within 1 / 9 of the wavelength at the low-frequency end. This effectively compresses the physical size of the traditional low-band back cavity radiator and can achieve the unification of the radiation pattern bandwidth, gain bandwidth, and standing wave ratio bandwidth of more than 3:1.

[0009] Furthermore, first special-shaped parts are provided at both ends of the cavity of the special-shaped reflection cavity.

[0010] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: The two ends of the cavity of the special-shaped reflection cavity are locally shaped in a special way to facilitate the adjustment of the coupling capacitance between the first special-shaped oscillator plate and the second special-shaped oscillator plate and the special-shaped reflection cavity, and can increase the end effect of the first special-shaped oscillator plate and the second special-shaped oscillator plate, thereby being beneficial to balancing the impedance-frequency characteristics of the antenna and further beneficial to expanding the impedance bandwidth of the antenna.

[0011] Furthermore, second special-shaped parts are provided at the ends of the first special-shaped oscillator plate and the second special-shaped oscillator plate.

[0012] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: The ends of the first special-shaped oscillator plate and the second special-shaped oscillator plate are shaped in a special way. On the one hand, it solves the length problem of the oscillator plate at the low-frequency end, and on the other hand, it can adjust the coupling capacitance between the first special-shaped oscillator plate and the second special-shaped oscillator plate and the special-shaped reflection cavity.

[0013] Furthermore, the first special-shaped part and the second special-shaped part are provided to adjust the coupling capacitance between the first special-shaped oscillator plate and the second special-shaped oscillator plate and the special-shaped reflection cavity respectively, and increase the end effect of the first special-shaped oscillator plate and the second special-shaped oscillator plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the balun balancer is a broadband balancer.

[0015] Furthermore, the balun balancer is a 1 / 4 wavelength short-circuit type two-wire balancer or a quasi-coaxial slot balancer.

[0016] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: Such a setting is used to solve the problem of the axial symmetry of the radiation pattern.

[0017] Furthermore, the strip-loaded medium includes a loaded medium plate, and a plurality of strip grooves are provided at the top of the loaded medium plate.

[0018] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: Through the dielectric loading effect of the strip-shaped loading medium on the first and second non-standard oscillator chips, the radio frequency current distribution on the first and second non-standard oscillator chips is changed, so as to balance the impedance-frequency characteristics of the antenna, and further extend the impedance bandwidth of the antenna to the low-frequency end; In addition, strip-shaped slots are opened on the loading dielectric plate, which can adjust the equivalent dielectric constant of the loading medium, and at the same time, solve the problem of excessive weight caused by the dielectric loading of the antenna in the low-frequency band.

[0019] Further, a plurality of longitudinally extending strip-shaped slots are uniformly arranged along the transverse direction on the loading dielectric plate.

[0020] Secondly, a working method of an efficient compact back cavity radiator is provided, which includes the following steps:

[0021] The feeding cable transmits electromagnetic signals;

[0022] The balun suppresses the transmission of the radio frequency current in the electromagnetic signal to the bottom of the non-standard reflection cavity, so as to excite equal-amplitude and anti-phase oscillating currents on the first and second non-standard oscillator chips;

[0023] The first and second non-standard oscillator chips radiate electromagnetic signals. A part of the electromagnetic signals directly radiate to the external space through one side of the strip-shaped loading medium, and another part of the electromagnetic signals are reflected by the non-standard reflection cavity and then radiate to the external space through the strip-shaped loading medium. These two parts of electromagnetic signals are vectorially synthesized in the external space to form directional radiation.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] By combining and installing the non-standard reflection cavity, balun, first non-standard oscillator chip, second non-standard oscillator chip and strip-shaped loading medium, the aperture size of the back cavity radiator can be controlled within 1 / 3 of the low-frequency end wavelength, and the height of the non-standard reflection cavity can be controlled within 1 / 9 of the low-frequency end wavelength. This effectively compresses the physical size of the traditional low-band back cavity radiator, and can achieve the unity of the pattern bandwidth, gain bandwidth and standing wave coefficient bandwidth of more than 3:1. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In the following, the present invention will be described in more detail based on embodiments and with reference to the drawings. Among them:

[0027] Figure 1 Shows the external structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 Shows the internal structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 Shows the top view of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 shows the Figure 3 cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in

[0031] Figure 5 shows the Figure 3 top view of

[0032] Figure 6 shows the schematic structural diagram of the strip-loaded medium in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 shows the standing wave ratio of a specific example in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 shows the first radiation pattern of a specific example in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 shows the second radiation pattern of a specific example in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 shows the third radiation pattern of a specific example in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 11 shows the gain curve of a specific example in the present invention;

[0038] In the drawings, like parts are designated by like reference numerals. The drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0039] Reference numerals:

[0040] 1, special-shaped reflection cavity; 2, balun balancer; 3, strip-loaded medium; 4, first special-shaped oscillator plate; 5, second special-shaped oscillator plate; 6, feed cable. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0042] The present invention provides an efficient compact back-cavity radiator, as Figures 1-6 shown, which includes a special-shaped reflection cavity 1. A feed cable 6 penetrates through the bottom of the cavity of the special-shaped reflection cavity 1. A balun balancer 2 electrically connected to the feed cable 6 is connected inside the special-shaped reflection cavity 1. One end of the balun balancer 2 far from the bottom of the cavity of the special-shaped reflection cavity 1 is connected to a first special-shaped oscillator plate 4 and a second special-shaped oscillator plate 5. A strip-loaded medium 3 is connected to the top of the cavity of the special-shaped reflection cavity 1. Both the first special-shaped oscillator plate 4 and the second special-shaped oscillator plate 5 are connected to the bottom of the strip-loaded medium 3;

[0043] Among them, the feeding cable 6 transmits electromagnetic signals, and the balun 2 suppresses the transmission of radio frequency current in the electromagnetic signals to the bottom of the special-shaped reflection cavity 1 to complete the conversion of the unbalanced-balanced transmission mode, so as to excite equal-amplitude and anti-phase oscillating currents on the first special-shaped oscillator plate 4 and the second special-shaped oscillator plate 5. The first special-shaped oscillator plate 4 and the second special-shaped oscillator plate 5 radiate electromagnetic signals. A part of the electromagnetic signals are directly radiated to the external space through the strip-loaded medium 3, and another part of the electromagnetic signals are radiated to the external space through the strip-loaded medium 3 after being reflected by the special-shaped reflection cavity 1. These two parts of electromagnetic signals are vectorially synthesized in the external space to form a directional radiation.

[0044] It can be understood that by combining the special-shaped reflection cavity 1, the first special-shaped oscillator plate 4, the second special-shaped oscillator plate 5 and the strip-loaded medium 3 with the traditional balun 2, the aperture size of the cavity-backed radiator can be controlled within 1 / 3 of the wavelength at the low-frequency end, and the height of the special-shaped reflection cavity 1 can be controlled within 1 / 9 of the wavelength at the low-frequency end. This effectively compresses the physical size of the traditional low-band cavity-backed radiator, and can achieve the unity of the pattern bandwidth, gain bandwidth and standing wave ratio bandwidth of more than 3:1.

[0045] In one embodiment, first special-shaped parts are arranged at both ends of the cavity of the special-shaped reflection cavity 1; specifically, the first special-shaped parts can be a plurality of grooves arranged transversely at both ends of the cavity and the grooves extend vertically, and the width direction, length direction and depth direction of the cavity are the transverse direction, longitudinal direction and vertical direction respectively.

[0046] It can be understood that the two ends of the cavity of the special-shaped reflection cavity 1 are locally shaped differently to facilitate adjusting the coupling capacitance between the first special-shaped oscillator plate 4 and the second special-shaped oscillator plate 5 and the special-shaped reflection cavity 1, and can increase the end effect of the first special-shaped oscillator plate 4 and the second special-shaped oscillator plate 5, so as to be beneficial to balancing the impedance-frequency characteristics of the antenna, and further beneficial to expanding the impedance bandwidth of the antenna.

[0047] In one embodiment, second special-shaped parts are arranged at the ends of the first special-shaped oscillator plate 4 and the second special-shaped oscillator plate 5; specifically, the second special-shaped parts can be bumps arranged at the ends of the first special-shaped oscillator plate 4 and the second special-shaped oscillator plate 5 and the bumps extend vertically.

[0048] It can be understood that the ends of the first special-shaped oscillator plate 4 and the second special-shaped oscillator plate 5 are shaped differently. On the one hand, it solves the length problem of the oscillator plate at the low-frequency end, and on the other hand, it can adjust the coupling capacitance between the first special-shaped oscillator plate 4 and the second special-shaped oscillator plate 5 and the special-shaped reflection cavity 1.

[0049] In one embodiment, a first non-standard portion and a second non-standard portion are provided to adjust the coupling capacitance between the first non-standard oscillator piece 4 and the second non-standard oscillator piece 5 and the non-standard reflection cavity 1 respectively, and to increase the end effect of the first non-standard oscillator piece 4 and the second non-standard oscillator piece 5.

[0050] In one embodiment, the balun 2 is a broadband balun; specifically, the balun 2 can be a 1 / 4 wavelength short-circuit type two-wire balun or a quasi-coaxial slot balun to solve the problem of the axial symmetry of the radiation pattern.

[0051] In one embodiment, the strip-loaded dielectric 3 includes a loaded dielectric plate, and a plurality of strip grooves are provided on the top of the loaded dielectric plate.

[0052] It can be understood that the strip-loaded dielectric 3 changes the radio frequency current distribution on the first non-standard oscillator piece 4 and the second non-standard oscillator piece 5 through the dielectric loading effect on them, so as to balance the impedance-frequency characteristics of the antenna, and further extend the impedance bandwidth of the antenna to the low-frequency end; in addition, strip grooves are opened on the loaded dielectric plate to adjust the equivalent dielectric constant of the loaded dielectric, and at the same time, the problem of excessive weight caused by the dielectric loading of the antenna in the low-frequency band is also solved.

[0053] Specifically, a plurality of longitudinally extending strip grooves are uniformly arranged along the transverse direction on the loaded dielectric plate.

[0054] It should be noted that both sides of the bottom of the strip-loaded dielectric 3 are in contact connection with the first non-standard oscillator piece 4 and the second non-standard oscillator piece 5 respectively.

[0055] The present invention also provides a working method of an efficient compact back-cavity radiator, which includes the following steps:

[0056] The feeding cable 6 transmits electromagnetic signals;

[0057] The balun 2 suppresses the transmission of the radio frequency current in the electromagnetic signal to the bottom of the non-standard reflection cavity 1 to complete the conversion of the unbalanced-balanced transmission mode, so as to excite equal-amplitude and anti-phase oscillating currents on the first non-standard oscillator piece 4 and the second non-standard oscillator piece 5;

[0058] The first non-standard oscillator piece 4 and the second non-standard oscillator piece 5 radiate electromagnetic signals. A part of the electromagnetic signals are directly radiated to the external space through the strip-loaded dielectric 3, and another part of the electromagnetic signals are reflected by the non-standard reflection cavity 1 and then radiated to the external space through the strip-loaded dielectric 3. These two parts of electromagnetic signals are vectorially synthesized in the external space to form a directional radiation.

[0059] The present invention provides a specific example. In this example, the strip-loaded medium 3 is made of PEEK, with a dielectric constant of 3.2 and a width of 1 / 6 of the wavelength at the low-frequency end; the side length of the cavity of the special-shaped reflection cavity 1 is 1 / 3 of the wavelength at the low-frequency end, and the depth is 1 / 9 of the wavelength at the low-frequency end; the widths of the first special-shaped oscillator plate 4 and the second special-shaped oscillator plate 5 are 1 / 10 of the wavelength at the low-frequency end, and the lengths are 2 / 9 of the wavelength at the low-frequency end.

[0060] As Figures 7-11 shown, in this specific example, the standing wave ratio bandwidth reaches 3.4:1 (F2 / F1), and within the working bandwidth of 3.4:1, the radiation pattern is axially symmetric. Among them, Figures 8-10 the radiation patterns at F1, F0, and F2 are respectively shown, where the dashed lines represent the H-plane and the solid lines represent the E-plane.

[0061] In summary, the present invention adopts technical measures such as non-traditional strip-loaded medium 3, special-shaped reflection cavity 1, first special-shaped oscillator plate 4, and second special-shaped oscillator plate 5 to achieve the unity of the radiation pattern, gain, and standing wave bandwidth above 3:1, and has the advantages of simple structure and high radiation efficiency; in addition, in view of the lossless material loading of the present invention, as long as a reasonable feeding balun is adopted, high-power and high-power radiation can be achieved, that is, it can be used in high-power and high-power electron emission equipment.

[0062] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "bottom", "top", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", "left", "right", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0063] Although the present invention has been described herein with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely examples of the principles and applications of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that many modifications can be made to the exemplary embodiments, and other arrangements can be designed, as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that the different dependent claims and the features described herein can be combined in a manner different from that described in the original claims. It should also be understood that the features described in connection with a single embodiment can be used in other described embodiments.

Claims

1. A highly efficient compact cavity-backed radiator, characterized in that: The invention comprises a special-shaped reflection cavity (1), a feeder cable (6) is inserted into the bottom of the cavity of the special-shaped reflection cavity (1), a balun balancer (2) electrically connected to the feeder cable (6) is connected inside the special-shaped reflection cavity (1), one end of the balun balancer (2) away from the bottom of the cavity of the special-shaped reflection cavity (1) is connected to a first special-shaped vibrator plate (4) and a second special-shaped vibrator plate (5), the top of the cavity of the special-shaped reflection cavity (1) is connected to a strip-shaped loading medium (3), and the first special-shaped vibrator plate (4) and the second special-shaped vibrator plate (5) are both connected to the bottom of the strip-shaped loading medium (3); The feed cable (6) transmits an electromagnetic signal, and the balun balancer (2) suppresses the transmission of radio frequency current in the electromagnetic signal to the bottom of the cavity of the special-shaped reflection cavity (1), so as to excite equal-amplitude and anti-phase oscillating currents on the first special-shaped vibrator plate (4) and the second special-shaped vibrator plate (5). The first special-shaped vibrator plate (4) and the second special-shaped vibrator plate (5) radiate electromagnetic signals, a part of the electromagnetic signal is radiated to the external space through one side of the strip-shaped loading medium (3), and the other part of the electromagnetic signal is reflected by the special-shaped reflection cavity (1) and then radiated to the external space through the strip-shaped loading medium (3). The two parts of the electromagnetic signal are vector-synthesized in the external space, thereby forming directional radiation.

2. The high-efficiency compact cavity-backed radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the cavity of the special-shaped reflection cavity (1) are provided with a first special-shaped portion.

3. The high-efficiency compact cavity-backed radiator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ends of the first special-shaped vibrator piece (4) and the second special-shaped vibrator piece (5) are both provided with a second special-shaped portion.

4. The high-efficiency compact cavity-backed radiator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first special-shaped portion and the second special-shaped portion are provided to adjust the coupling capacitance between the first special-shaped vibrator piece (4) and the second special-shaped vibrator piece (5) and the special-shaped reflection cavity (1) respectively, and to increase the end effect of the first special-shaped vibrator piece (4) and the second special-shaped vibrator piece (5).

5. The high-efficiency compact cavity-backed radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The balun balancer (2) is a broadband balancer.

6. The high-efficiency compact cavity-backed radiator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The balun balancer (2) is a 1 / 4 wavelength short-circuit type double-line balancer or a quasi-coaxial crack balancer.

7. The high-efficiency compact cavity-backed radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strip-shaped loading medium (3) comprises a loading medium plate, and a plurality of strip-shaped grooves are arranged on the top of the loading medium plate.

8. The high-efficiency compact cavity-backed radiator according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of longitudinally extending strip grooves are evenly arranged along the horizontal direction of the loading medium plate.

9. The high-efficiency compact cavity-backed radiator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The strip grooves are provided to adjust the equivalent dielectric constant of the loading medium.

10. A method for operating the high-efficiency compact cavity-backed radiator according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The feeder cable (6) transmits electromagnetic signals; The balun balancer (2) suppresses the transmission of radio frequency current in the electromagnetic signal to the bottom of the special-shaped reflection cavity (1), so as to excite oscillating currents of equal amplitude and opposite phase on the first special-shaped vibrator plate (4) and the second special-shaped vibrator plate (5); The first special-shaped vibrator plate (4) and the second special-shaped vibrator plate (5) radiate electromagnetic signals, a part of which is directly radiated to the external space through one side of the strip-shaped loading medium (3), and another part of which is reflected by the special-shaped reflection cavity (1) and then radiated to the external space through the strip-shaped loading medium (3). The two parts of the electromagnetic signals are vector-synthesized in the external space, thereby forming directional radiation.

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