Motor capable of automatically aligning and axially moving and mounting structure of motor and speed reducer

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-aligning axially-moving motor and a mounting structure of the motor and a decelerator, the motor comprises a housing, a stator and a rotor, the stator is fixed in the housing, the rotor is arranged in the stator, the rotor and the housing are rotatably connected through a bearing A, a self-aligning soft sleeve is arranged between the bearing A and the housing, and the self-aligning soft sleeve is connected with the housing. The rotor is further provided with a shaft taper sleeve used for being in transmission connection with the input shaft of the speed reducer, and the shaft taper sleeve is in clearance fit with the rotor and / or the input shaft of the speed reducer and is in transmission through a key groove structure. According to the invention, the self-aligning soft sleeve is arranged, when the speed reducer bearing and the motor bearing have an over-positioning phenomenon, the self-aligning soft sleeve is extruded and deformed, so that the motor rotor and the speed reducer input shaft are ensured to form stable and high-precision coaxiality, and the service life of the motor is greatly prolonged; the axial movement between the input shaft of the speed reducer and the rotor can be realized, the motor rotor is protected from interference with other parts, and the performance of the motor can be prevented from being reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of oil lifting machinery, and particularly relates to a multi-bearing over-positioning automatic centering axially movable motor. Background Art

[0002] At present, the semi-direct drive transformation of pumping units has been applied in batches. The flat permanent magnet motor is directly fixed on the input shaft of the speed reducer. There are two common motor structures. One is that the motor is equipped with bearings, which is convenient, safe and fast for fixing and disassembling. The other is that no bearing is installed between the stator and rotor of the motor. The stator and rotor are shipped independently. When installed on site, the motor stator is fixed on the outer end face of the input bearing chamber of the speed reducer, and the motor rotor is separately fixed on the input shaft of the speed reducer.

[0003] The two existing semi-direct drive structures have their own advantages and disadvantages. Among them, for the first motor with bearings, although the installation is convenient on site, the stator and rotor of the motor are highly overlapped, and the crosstalk of the motor rotor caused by the crosstalk of the input shaft of the speed reducer will not lead to a decrease in the motor performance. At the same time, the interference between the motor rotor and other parts is also avoided. In addition, due to the over-positioning problem formed by the two bearings of the motor bearing and the input shaft of the speed reducer, the bearing model of the speed reducer is much larger than that of the motor bearing. Therefore, the motor bearing will be damaged due to the over-positioning problem soon after operation, which will affect production or even burn out the motor.

[0004] Although the second type of motor cancels the bearing and there will be no bearing over-positioning problem, other problems also occur. For example, during the production test, on-site installation and disassembly of the motor, due to the separated design of the stator and rotor of the motor, the motor components are easily damaged during transportation, installation and disassembly. Or, because the rotor of the motor has magnets, metal parts are likely to enter the rotor and damage the motor during disassembly and assembly. In addition, when the input shaft of the speed reducer crosstalks, the rotor of the motor will also crosstalk synchronously, which is likely to cause interference between the motor rotor and other parts, and the overlapping part between the motor rotor and the stator is reduced, which affects the performance of the motor, equivalent to a decrease in the motor power. If it encounters a site with a large load, the motor will be overloaded for a long time, which will also affect the motor life or even directly burn out the motor stator. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the first object of the present invention is to provide an automatically centering axially movable motor, which has a stable structure, good performance and long service life; the second object of the present invention is to provide an installation structure of the motor and the speed reducer.

[0006] In order to achieve the first object of the above invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] Self-aligning and axially movable motor, comprising a housing, a stator and a rotor. The stator is fixed inside the housing. The rotor is arranged inside the stator, and the rotor is rotatably connected to the housing through bearing A. A flexible alignment sleeve is further provided between bearing A and the housing. An axle cone sleeve for drivingly connecting with the input shaft of a speed reducer is further provided on the rotor. The axle cone sleeve is in clearance fit with the rotor and / or the input shaft of the speed reducer, and is driven through the structure of a keyway.

[0008] As a preferred solution: The housing comprises a machine shell and an end cover which are fixedly connected to each other. A bearing chamber is provided inside the end cover. Bearing A is embedded in the bearing chamber, and a limit cover plate A is fixed to the end face of the bearing chamber. A limit cover plate B is provided on the end face of the rotor. The limit cover plate A and the limit cover plate B respectively press against both ends of bearing A, so that bearing A has no axial movement.

[0009] As a preferred solution: A tapered hole is provided inside the tapered shaft sleeve. The input shaft of the speed reducer is inserted into the tapered hole and is in interference fit with the tapered shaft sleeve for driving.

[0010] As a preferred solution: A tapered hole is provided inside the tapered shaft sleeve. An internal keyway is further provided on the side wall of the tapered hole. The input shaft of the speed reducer is inserted into the tapered hole. A spline A is provided on the input shaft of the speed reducer. The input shaft of the speed reducer and the tapered shaft sleeve are driven through the cooperation of spline A and the internal keyway.

[0011] As a preferred solution: The whole of the tapered shaft sleeve is cylindrical, and an external keyway is further provided on the outer side of the tapered shaft sleeve. The tapered shaft sleeve is embedded in the rotor. A spline B is further provided on the rotor. The rotor and the tapered shaft sleeve are driven through the cooperation of the external keyway and spline B.

[0012] As a preferred solution: The thickness of the flexible alignment sleeve is less than the clearance between the stator and the rotor.

[0013] As a preferred solution: At least one of the two side faces along the axial direction of the rotor is provided with a ring of convex rings. A position sensor for measuring the change amount of the position during the rotation of the convex rings is provided on the housing.

[0014] As a preferred solution: There are multiple position sensors, and the centers of the multiple position sensors coincide with the center A of the stator.

[0015] As a preferred solution: A flat disc encoder is fixed on the housing, and an encoder code disc cooperating with the flat disc encoder is provided on the rotor.

[0016] In order to achieve the second object of the above invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0017] An installation structure of a motor and a speed reducer includes a motor and a speed reducer fixed on a mounting bracket. The input shaft of the speed reducer is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket through bearing B, and the motor is the self-aligning and axially movable motor described in any one of the above.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] A bearing is provided between the motor rotor and the housing of the present invention, which makes the production and on-site installation of the motor convenient and fast. At the same time, a soft adjusting sleeve is provided between the rotor and the housing. When over-positioning occurs in the speed reducer bearing and the motor bearing, the soft adjusting sleeve is extruded and deformed to ensure that the motor rotor and the input shaft of the speed reducer form a stable and high-precision coaxiality, thereby protecting the motor bearing from being jammed and greatly improving the service life of the motor, enabling the motor bearing to operate under normal load and meeting the actual use requirements in terms of service life on the basis of regular maintenance.

[0020] The taper shaft sleeve of the present invention has a clearance fit with the rotor and / or the input shaft of the speed reducer, which can realize the axial movement between the input shaft of the speed reducer and the rotor, and this axial movement will not drive the axial movement of the motor rotor, thereby protecting the motor rotor from interfering with other parts. In addition, it can also avoid the axial misalignment of the stator and rotor, resulting in a decline in motor performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The specification drawings forming a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The schematic embodiments of this application and their descriptions are used to explain this application and do not constitute a limitation to this application.

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic structure diagram of the taper shaft sleeve of the present invention.

[0024] The reference numerals are: 11, machine housing; 12, end cover; 121, limit cover plate A; 122, limit cover plate B; 2, stator; 3, rotor; 30, bearing A; 31, soft adjusting sleeve; 32, convex ring; 4, taper shaft sleeve; 40, fitting clearance; 41, taper hole; 42, inner keyway; 43, outer keyway; 5, input shaft of speed reducer; 51, bearing B; 6, controller box; 61, encoder wire; 62, position sensor wire; 7, position sensor; 81, encoder disk; 82, flat disk encoder; 9, mounting bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0025] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further description of this application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms are also intended to include the plural forms. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of the features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0027] In addition, in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0028] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plural" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly defined.

[0029] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms such as "mount", "connected", "connected to", "fixed", etc. shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the situation where the first and second features are not in direct contact but in contact through other features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely means that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "under" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely means that the horizontal height of the first feature is lower than that of the second feature.

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0032] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a multi-bearing over-positioning self-aligning axially movable motor includes a housing, a stator 2 and a rotor 3. The stator 2 is fixed in the housing, the rotor 3 is arranged in the stator 2, and the rotor 3 is rotatably connected to the housing through a bearing A30. The housing includes a machine shell 11 and an end cover 12 which are fixedly connected to each other. A bearing chamber is provided in the end cover 12. The bearing A30 is embedded in the bearing chamber, and a limit cover plate A121 is fixed to the end face of the bearing chamber. A limit cover plate B122 is provided on the end face of the rotor 3. The limit cover plate A121 and the limit cover plate B122 respectively press against both ends of the bearing A30, so that the bearing A30 has no axial movement.

[0033] The motor is provided with bearings. Through the limit cover plate and screws to limit the bearings and the motor rotor, the axial movement of the motor stator and rotor is restricted, preventing the rotor from moving in the bearings of the motor. At the same time, it greatly facilitates the production, testing and on-site installation of the motor, and can also protect the motor from damage caused by friction and impact between the stator and rotor during transportation due to the absence of bearings.

[0034] After the bearing of the motor of the present invention is installed, due to the machining error and installation error after the installation of the bearings of the reducer and the motor, bearing over-positioning is formed, and the weak bearings will surely be damaged quickly after running for a period of time, seriously affecting the operation of the equipment. Therefore, a flexible adjustment sleeve 31 is further provided between the bearing A30 of the motor and the housing. The flexible adjustment sleeve 31 is sleeved on the outer ring of the bearing A30, and the outer wall is in interference fit with the inner wall of the bearing chamber. The material of the flexible adjustment sleeve 31 is made of relatively soft metal steel rings such as aluminum or copper. The thickness of the flexible adjustment sleeve 31 is less than the gap X between the stator 2 and the rotor 3. The common X is 2 mm.

[0035] The material and thickness of the flexible adjustment sleeve 31 are determined through precise design and test applications. After the motor is installed and operated, since the bearing model of the reducer is much larger than that of the motor bearing, after over-positioning occurs, the flexible adjustment sleeve 31 is extruded by the input shaft of the reducer, so that the motor rotor and the input shaft of the reducer form a stable and high-precision coaxiality, thereby protecting the motor bearing from being strained and greatly improving the service life of the motor, making the motor bearing meet the normal load operation, and meeting the actual use requirements in terms of service life on the basis of regular maintenance.

[0036] An axle cone sleeve 4 for driving connection with the input shaft 5 of the reducer is further provided on the rotor 3. The axle cone sleeve 4 is in clearance fit with the rotor 3 and / or the input shaft 5 of the reducer, and is driven through the structure of the keyway.

[0037] The taper shaft sleeve 4 is provided with a tapered hole 41 therein. The input shaft 5 of the speed reducer is inserted into the tapered hole 41 and is in interference fit transmission with the taper shaft sleeve 4. In order to further ensure the stability of power transmission, an internal keyway 42 is further provided on the side wall of the tapered hole 41. The input shaft 5 of the speed reducer is inserted into the tapered hole 41. A spline A is provided on the input shaft 5 of the speed reducer. The input shaft 5 of the speed reducer and the taper shaft sleeve 4 are in transmission through the cooperation of the spline A and the internal keyway 42.

[0038] The taper shaft sleeve 4 is integrally cylindrical, and an external keyway 43 is further provided on the outer side of the taper shaft sleeve 4. The taper shaft sleeve 4 is embedded in the rotor 3. A spline B is further provided on the rotor 3. The rotor 3 and the taper shaft sleeve 4 are in transmission through the cooperation of the external keyway 43 and the spline B. A fitting gap 40 is formed between the taper shaft sleeve 4 and the inner hole of the motor rotor.

[0039] In the present invention, the motor rotor and the input shaft of the speed reducer are installed through a taper shaft sleeve for transition. The inner hole of this taper shaft sleeve is a tapered hole and is matched with the size of the original input shaft of the speed reducer. The outer ring is designed as a straight shaft and is in clearance fit with the inner hole of the motor rotor and can axially move in the inner hole of the motor rotor. This taper shaft sleeve is provided with an axially penetrating incision and can be tightened to fix the motor shaft and the input shaft of the speed reducer. The inner tapered hole and outer straight shaft of the taper shaft sleeve can effectively fix the input shaft of the speed reducer and also allow the input shaft of the speed reducer to move axially without affecting the axial dimension of the motor rotor when it moves axially. Therefore, when the input shaft of the speed reducer often moves axially during on-site operation, the motor can also operate safely, stably and with high performance.

[0040] A flat disk encoder 82 (encoder chip) is fixed on the housing. The flat disk encoder 82 is fixed on the limit cover plate A121. An encoder disk 81 that cooperates with the flat disk encoder 82 is provided on the rotor 3. Since the motor is provided with bearings, it can ensure that there is no axial movement after the rotor and the stator are installed, ensuring the effective induction of the encoder. An encoder is installed inside the motor, which can realize the "0" speed hover of the motor. It can not only facilitate the alignment of the suspension device during on-site installation operations, but also be used to calibrate and measure the leakage of the pipeline of the metering device.

[0041] At least one of the two side surfaces along the axial direction of the rotor 3 of the motor of the present invention is provided with a ring of convex rings 32. A position sensor 7 for measuring the position change amount during the rotation of the convex rings 32 is provided on the housing. The position sensors 7 are at least 3 in number, and the centers of the 3 position sensors 7 coincide with the center A of the stator 2.

[0042] On one side of the housing, there is also a controller box 6, and a controller is installed inside the controller box 6. The flat disc encoder 82 and the position sensor 7 are respectively connected to the controller through an encoder wire 61 and a position sensor wire 62. The controller calculates the rotation center B of the rotor 3 based on the detection information of multiple position sensors 7. When the position difference between the center B and the center A is greater than or equal to the gap between the stator 2 and the rotor 3, the controller controls the motor to stop and generates an alarm message, enabling the user to promptly discover and handle the problem point, and effectively protecting the motor from damage at the same time. The above-mentioned controller's calculation of the rotor eccentricity using the position sensor and the closed-loop control of the motor using the encoder are both existing motor control technologies and will not be elaborated here.

[0043] An installation structure of a motor and a reducer, comprising a motor and a reducer fixed on a mounting bracket 9. The input shaft 5 of the reducer is rotationally connected to the mounting bracket 9 through a bearing B51. The motor is the multi-bearing over-positioning automatic centering and axially movable motor as described in any one of the above.

[0044] In the description of this specification, the description referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0045] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and purposes of the present invention. Any simple modification, equivalent change, and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic self-aligning axially movable motor comprises a housing, a stator (2) and a rotor (3), wherein the stator (2) is fixed in the housing, the rotor (3) is arranged in the stator (2), and the rotor (3) and the housing are rotatably connected via a bearing A (30), characterized in that: A self-aligning soft sleeve (31) is also provided between the bearing A (30) and the housing, and a shaft taper sleeve (4) for transmission connection with a reducer input shaft (5) is also provided on the rotor (3), and the shaft taper sleeve (4) and the rotor (3) and / or the reducer input shaft (5) are clearance-matched, and transmission is carried out through a keyway structure.

2. The self-aligning axially movable motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The housing comprises a casing (11) and an end cover (12) fixed to each other, a bearing chamber is arranged in the end cover (12), the bearing A (30) is embedded in the bearing chamber, and a limit cover plate A (121) is fixed to the end surface of the bearing chamber, and a limit cover plate B (122) is arranged on the end surface of the rotor (3), and the limit cover plate A (121) and the limit cover plate B (122) are respectively pressed against two ends of the bearing A (30), so that the bearing A (30) does not move axially.

3. The self-aligning axially movable motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tapered shaft sleeve (4) is provided with a tapered hole (41), and the reducer input shaft (5) is inserted into the tapered hole (41) and is transmitted by interference fit with the tapered shaft sleeve (4).

4. The self-aligning axially movable motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tapered shaft sleeve (4) is provided with a tapered hole (41), and the side wall of the tapered hole (41) is also provided with an inner keyway (42). The reducer input shaft (5) is inserted into the tapered hole (41), and the reducer input shaft (5) is provided with a spline A. The reducer input shaft (5) and the tapered shaft sleeve (4) are driven by the matching of the spline A and the inner keyway (42).

5. The self-aligning axially movable motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tapered shaft sleeve (4) is cylindrical as a whole, and an outer side of the tapered shaft sleeve (4) is also provided with an external keyway (43). The tapered shaft sleeve (4) is embedded in the rotor (3), and a spline B is also provided on the rotor (3). The rotor (3) and the tapered shaft sleeve (4) are driven by the cooperation of the external keyway (43) and the spline B.

6. The self-aligning axially movable motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The thickness of the centering soft sleeve (31) is smaller than the gap between the stator (2) and the rotor (3).

7. The self-aligning axially movable motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A convex ring (32) is provided on at least one of the two axial side surfaces of the rotor (3), and a position sensor (7) for measuring the position change of the convex ring (32) during its rotation is provided on the housing.

8. The self-aligning axially movable motor according to claim 6 is characterized in that: There are multiple position sensors (7), and the centers of the multiple position sensors (7) coincide with the center A of the stator (2).

9. The self-aligning axially movable motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flat disc encoder (82) is fixed on the housing, and an encoder code disk (81) matching the flat disc encoder (82) is provided on the rotor (3).

10. A motor and reducer installation structure, comprising a motor and a reducer fixed on a mounting frame (9), wherein the reducer input shaft (5) is rotatably connected to the mounting frame (9) via a bearing B (51), characterized in that: The motor is the self-aligning axially movable motor as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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