Hydrophilic compound for preventing, preventing or treating microbial infection as well as preparation and application of hydrophilic compound

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrophilic compound for preventing, preventing or treating microbial infection as well as preparation and application thereof. The hydrophilic compound comprises an acting part, a binding part and a water-soluble part, the acting part is a fat-soluble saturated and / or unsaturated carbon chain with a branched chain, a ring structure and / or a straight chain structure, and can be inserted into / fused into a lipid membrane of a microorganism to destroy the lipid membrane or wrap non-enveloped viruses to realize hydrophobic isolation; the binding part can be bound with a lipid membrane component or a virus surface protein structural domain, so that the compound is connected to a lipid membrane or a virus surface, and the compound can also have specific targeting lipid membrane component or virus surface protein structural domain to endow targeting property; the water-soluble part enables the compound to be uniformly dispersed in an aqueous solution and prevents the acting part from being gathered into clusters. The compound can be prepared into various dosage forms, can be used for preventing or preventing infection of microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria and fungi before infection, can be used for killing the microorganisms in the body after infection, and can also be used for killing the environment to prevent spreading of the viruses, the bacteria and the fungi.

Description

This application is a divisional application of the application with the application number 202211331633.1, the application date of May 6, 2022, and the invention title of "Complex for Preventing, Blocking or Treating Microbial Infections and Its Preparation Method and Use". Among them, the application with the application number 202211331633.1 is a divisional application of the application with the application number 202210483104.7, the application date of May 6, 2022, and the invention title of "Complex for Preventing, Blocking or Treating Microbial Infections and Its Preparation Method and Use". Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of pharmaceuticals, and more specifically, to a group of complexes that can prevent and treat viral, bacterial, and fungal infections, as well as a preparation method of the complexes and the application of the prepared complexes in preventing and treating viral, bacterial, and fungal infectious diseases. Background Art

[0002] Among many microorganisms, the pathogenic microorganisms that can directly cause human diseases are generally viruses, bacteria, and fungi. Except for a few non-enveloped viruses, the vast majority of microorganisms have a lipid membrane, and the lipid membrane of microorganisms has the same function as the cell membrane of other organisms. Structurally, they are all based on a phospholipid bilayer as the basic scaffold of the membrane, and proteins penetrate, insert, and attach to the surface of the phospholipid bilayer. There are proteins on the outer surface of the membrane, glycoproteins composed of a small amount of polysaccharides, and some carbohydrates combine with lipids to form glycolipids. The lipid membrane of microorganisms is usually 7-8 nm and has a certain fluidity. It not only creates a stable internal environment for the life activities of microorganisms as a barrier but also has semi-permeability or selective permeability, that is, it selectively allows substances to enter the cell through diffusion, osmosis, and active transport, etc., so as to ensure the normal metabolism of the cell. And the present invention relates to a group of complexes and their preparations that target and disrupt the structure and function of the lipid membrane of microorganisms or the nucleocapsid of non-enveloped viruses.

[0003] 1. Viruses 1.1 Enveloped Viruses and Non-Enveloped Viruses Viruses are the smallest class of infectious particles composed of a protein coat that encloses one or more nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) molecules. They are non-cellular microorganisms that must replicate themselves within susceptible living cells. Outside the cell, viruses exist in the form of particles, and a virus particle with a complete structure and infectivity is called a virion. The viral genome is enclosed by a protein coat, and this structure is called the nucleocapsid, while the protein coat is called the capsid. The basic structure of a virion is the nucleocapsid, but some viruses also have a double-layer lipid envelope outside the nucleocapsid. Such viruses are called enveloped viruses, and viruses without an envelope are correspondingly called naked viruses.

[0004] 1.2 Viral Envelope Structure and Function The viral envelope is the cytoplasmic membrane acquired when the virus is released from the host cell. It can also be the membrane of intracellular organelles or the nuclear membrane. Therefore, the viral envelope has certain properties of the host cell membrane, enabling the virus to exhibit specific "affinity" for the host cell membrane. The envelope contains a bilayer of lipids and some proteins encoded and synthesized by viral genes, called envelope proteins. These proteins are virus-specific and often form glycoprotein subunits with polysaccharides, which are embedded in the lipid layer and have spiky protrusions on the surface, called "spikes or peplomers". They are located on the surface of the virion, have high antigenicity, and can selectively bind to host cell receptors, promoting the fusion of the viral envelope with the host cell membrane and allowing the infectious nucleocapsid to enter the cell, leading to infection. Therefore, the envelope proteins of enveloped viruses determine the infectivity of the virus, while the nucleocapsid of enveloped viruses is the viral core and loses its infectivity when the envelope is absent.

[0005] 1.3 Structure and Function of Non-Enveloped Viruses Since non-enveloped viruses do not have an envelope, their nucleocapsid is the mature virus, and their infectivity is determined by the capsid proteins. Capsid proteins are the products of viral genes, which can endow the virus with its inherent shape and protect the internal nucleic acid from being destroyed by nucleases in the external environment (such as blood). At the same time, capsid proteins play an auxiliary role in infection. The specific receptor-binding proteins on the virus surface have a special affinity for the corresponding receptors on the cell surface, which is the primary step for the virus to selectively adsorb to host cells and establish infection foci. Capsid proteins also exhibit virus-specific antigenicity and can stimulate the body to produce an antigen-virus immune response.

[0006] 1.4 Types of Enveloped Viruses Enveloped viruses include influenza virus, coronavirus, human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, rabies virus, herpes virus, Ebola virus, hantavirus, dengue virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, Zika virus, etc.

[0007] The immune system relies on proteins on the cell membrane to distinguish self from non-self. Because enveloped viruses have an additional lipid membrane, they will be recognized by the host immune system as self. The glycosylation modification of envelope proteins, on the one hand, exerts an antigen shielding effect, making vaccine development more difficult; on the other hand, the modified glycans also have a spatial remodeling effect on the structure of antigenic epitopes.

[0008] 1.5 Coronaviruses: Currently, a total of 7 coronaviruses that can infect humans have been discovered, namely HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, SARS-CoV, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. The diameter of coronaviruses is approximately 60-220 nm. The virus has an envelope structure with three types of proteins on it: spike glycoprotein (S protein), small envelope glycoprotein, and membrane glycoprotein (M protein). A small number of types also have hemagglutinin glycoprotein (HE protein). The S protein plays a key role in recognizing and binding to the surface receptor of host cells and mediating the fusion of the virus envelope and the cell membrane; the M protein is involved in the formation and budding of the virus envelope; the HE protein is a short protrusion that constitutes the envelope and may be related to the early adsorption of coronaviruses. The HE protein of some coronaviruses can cause the agglutination of red blood cells and the adsorption to red blood cells.

[0009] 1.6 Treatment of Coronaviruses: Currently, the COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutic drugs under clinical research are mainly divided into the following four categories: First, small molecule antiviral drugs: including Molnupiravir of Merck & Co., Paxlovid of Pfizer, Ensitrelvir of Shionogi & Co., as well as the already marketed drugs Remdesivir, Lopinavir / Ritonavir, Favipiravir, etc. Although small molecule drugs such as Lopinavir / Ritonavir are widely used in antiviral treatment, they are not specific drugs for the treatment of COVID-19.

[0010] Second, anti-inflammatory drugs: Multiple biologic drugs are used to inhibit the cytokine storm, such as Tocilizumab, Siltuximab, etc.; there are also clinical trials of some small molecule anti-inflammatory drugs, such as Baricitinib, Ruxolitinib, etc.

[0011] Third, neutralizing antibodies: refer to antibodies that can eliminate the virus infection ability after binding to the virus. Its mechanism of action is to change the surface configuration of the virus, prevent the virus from adsorbing to susceptible cells, and make the virus unable to penetrate into the cells for proliferation; the immune complex formed by the virus and neutralizing antibodies is easily phagocytosed and cleared by macrophages.

[0012] Fourth, vaccines: including recombinant protein vaccines, nucleic acid vaccines, viral vector vaccines, inactivated vaccines, and live attenuated vaccines, etc.

[0013] 1.7 Non-enveloped Viruses Non-enveloped naked viruses include hepatitis A virus, human papillomavirus, adenovirus, poliovirus, coxsackievirus, etc.

[0014] Human papillomavirus (HPV) belongs to the genus Papillomavirus of the family Papillomaviridae. It is a spherical, non-enveloped double-stranded DNA virus with a diameter of 52 - 55 nm. The viral genome is a double-stranded circular DNA, approximately 7.8 - 8.0 kb, which is divided into an early region, a late region, and a regulatory region. The early region encodes proteins related to viral replication, transcriptional regulation, and cell transformation (such as E5, E6, E7), and the late region encodes the major capsid protein L1 and the minor capsid protein L2. More than 130 types have been isolated so far. Different types cause different clinical manifestations and can be divided into cutaneous low-risk types, cutaneous high-risk types, mucosal low-risk types, and mucosal high-risk types according to the different tissues invaded. HPV infection in the cutaneous type is very common in the population, such as common verruca vulgaris, verruca digitalis, flat wart, etc., but the specific infection rate cannot be obtained. What attracts more attention is the genital warts and cervical cancer caused by high-risk HPV infection and low-risk HPV infection of the external genitalia.

[0015] 1.8 HPV Prevention and Treatment Currently, there are preventive nine-valent vaccines, quadrivalent vaccines, etc. internationally that can prevent infection with these four virus types, including types 16 and 18 that can cause cervical cancer lesions. Therefore, most cervical cancers can be reduced. Some scientific research also shows that there is a certain protective effect against other types. However, the preventive vaccine has no effect on those who have already been infected, and there is currently no effective therapeutic vaccine.

[0016] 2 Bacteria The basic structure of bacteria includes cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleoid.

[0017] 2.1 Bacterial Cell Membrane The cell membrane of bacteria is an elastic semi-permeable membrane composed of a phospholipid bilayer and embedded proteins. The membrane thickness is 8 - 10 nm, and it is closely attached to the cell wall on the outside. The absence of cholesterol in the bacterial cell membrane is a differentiating point from the eukaryotic cell membrane. The bacterial cell membrane contains a rich enzyme system and performs many important metabolic functions. The multi-functionality of the bacterial cell membrane is a very remarkable feature that differentiates it from other cell membranes. For example, the inner side of the cell membrane contains enzyme systems for electron transfer and oxidative phosphorylation, and has some functions of the mitochondria in eukaryotic cells.

[0018] Structural characteristics of the bacterial cell membrane: ① The main body of the membrane is a lipid bilayer. ② The lipid bilayer has fluidity. ③ Integral proteins can be "dissolved" in the hydrophobic inner layer of the lipid bilayer because their surfaces are hydrophobic. ④ Peripheral proteins contain hydrophilic groups on their surfaces, so they can be connected to the polar heads on the surface of the lipid bilayer through electrostatic attraction. ⑤ There is no covalent bond between lipid molecules or between lipid and protein molecules. ⑥ The lipid bilayer is like an "ocean", and peripheral proteins can "float" on it, while integral proteins are like "icebergs" immersed in it and move laterally.

[0019] Physiological functions of the bacterial cell membrane: ① It can selectively control the transport of nutrients and metabolites inside and outside the cell. ② It is a structural barrier that maintains the normal osmotic pressure inside the cell. ③ It is an important site for synthesizing components related to the cell wall and glycocalyx (such as peptidoglycan, teichoic acid, LPS, and capsular polysaccharides, etc.). ④ The membrane contains enzyme systems related to energy metabolism such as oxidative phosphorylation or photophosphorylation, so it is the energy production base of the cell. ⑤ It is the attachment site of the flagellar body and can provide the energy required for the rotational movement of the flagellum.

[0020] 2.2 Bacterial cell wall The main component of the cell wall is peptidoglycan, also known as mucopeptide. Peptidoglycan is a polysaccharide scaffold formed by the alternating arrangement of two amino sugars, N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid, connected by β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. A tetrapeptide side chain is connected to the N-acetylmuramic acid molecule, and the peptide chains are linked by peptide bridges or peptide chains to form a mechanically strong network structure.

[0021] 2.2.1 Gram-positive bacteria The cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria is relatively thick, about 20 - 80 nm. The peptidoglycan content is rich, with 15 - 50 layers, each layer with a thickness of 1 nm, accounting for about 50 - 80% of the dry weight of the cell wall. In addition, there are a large number of special components, teichoic acid. Teichoic acid has strong antigenicity and is an important surface antigen of Gram-positive bacteria; it plays a role in regulating the passage of ions through the peptidoglycan layer; it may also be related to the activity of certain enzymes; the teichoic acid of some bacteria can adhere to the surface of human cells, and its function is similar to that of fimbriae and may be related to pathogenicity.

[0022] 2.2.2 Gram-negative bacteria The cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria has a multiple structure. Its cell wall is relatively thin, about 10 - 15 nm, with 1 - 2 layers of peptidoglycan, accounting for about 5 - 20% of the dry weight of the cell wall; there is also an outer membrane formed by proteins, phospholipids, and lipopolysaccharides outside the cell wall. The phospholipid content of the outer membrane is lower than that of the cytoplasmic membrane, but the lipopolysaccharide content is relatively high. The proteins of the outer membrane are different from those of the cytoplasmic membrane. One end of the protein on the outer membrane is covalently bonded to the tetrapeptide side chain of peptidoglycan, and the other end is covalently bonded to the phosphate of the outer membrane through the lipid part. Its function is to stabilize the outer membrane and fix it to the peptidoglycan layer. Lipopolysaccharide is called bacterial endotoxin and exists in the outermost layer of the outer membrane. The outer membrane is the main structure of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. In addition to transporting nutrients, it also has a barrier function, which can prevent the penetration of many substances and resist the action of many chemical drugs.

[0023] 2.3 Antibiotics Antibiotics are mainly secondary metabolites produced by bacteria, molds or other microorganisms, or synthetic analogues. They are mainly used to treat various bacterial infections or diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms. Generally, they do not cause serious side effects to their hosts. The mechanism of action of antibiotics generally includes hindering the synthesis of bacterial cell walls, causing bacteria to swell and rupture and die in a low osmotic pressure environment; interacting with the bacterial cell membrane, enhancing the permeability of the bacterial cell membrane, opening ion channels on the membrane, allowing useful substances inside the bacteria to leak out of the bacterial cells or causing electrolyte imbalance and death; interacting with bacterial ribosomes or their reaction substrates (such as tRNA, mRNA) to inhibit protein synthesis, resulting in the inability to synthesize structural proteins and enzymes necessary for cell survival; hindering the replication and transcription of bacterial DNA, blocking the processes of bacterial cell division and reproduction and transcription and translation into proteins.

[0024] 2.4 Antibiotic Resistance As is well known, the use of antibiotic drugs beyond the scope, in large doses and for a long time can lead to the emergence of drug resistance. In order to deal with pathogenic microorganisms, humans have continuously developed new antibiotics. However, in order to survive, bacteria and other microorganisms will gradually adapt to this drug environment and continuously mutate to form new and more powerful bacteria, and this cycle repeats. Even multi-drug resistant bacteria appear, that is, a kind of bacteria is resistant to three or more types of antibiotics at the same time. Further research has found that bacteria show drug resistance because there are drug-resistant genes in their bodies. NDM-1 is a new super drug-resistant gene discovered by scientists, encoding a new drug-resistant enzyme NDM-1, which is called "New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1" in full. It is a highly efficient enzyme that can decompose most antibiotics and make them lose their efficacy. Drug-resistant genes can not only make bacteria themselves drug-resistant, but also spread in the environment, transfer to other bacteria, and become drug-resistant bacteria that are tolerant to antibiotics. Since there are almost no new antibiotics available at present, and the existing antibiotics cannot effectively kill drug-resistant bacteria, the risk of death of patients will increase greatly once they are infected with drug-resistant bacteria. The mortality rate of patients infected with drug-resistant bacteria is about twice that of patients infected with non-drug-resistant bacteria. Therefore, the infection and spread of drug-resistant bacteria have become a major challenge in the field of contemporary medicine.

[0025] 3. Fungi, Chlamydia and Mycoplasma The basic structure of fungal cells includes cell walls, cell membranes, cell nuclei, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, etc. The main component of the fungal cell wall is chitin. The fungal cell membrane is also composed of a phospholipid bilayer, but there are sterols in its plasma membrane, and ergosterol plays an important role in maintaining the permeability and fluidity of the membrane. There are three categories of antifungal drugs: polyenes (amphotericin B preparations), triazoles (voriconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole) and echinocandins (caspofungin, micafungin, anidulafungin).

[0026] Chlamydia is a Gram-negative pathogen with a cell wall and cell membrane, but without peptidoglycan. It has a polypeptide linked by disulfide bonds as a scaffold. Mycoplasma has no cell wall, only a cell membrane composed of a phospholipid bilayer, which plays a certain role in maintaining the integrity of the cell membrane.

[0027] 4. Targeting the lipid membrane components of microorganisms The main structure of the microbial lipid membrane is the phospholipid bilayer, and the main components are phospholipids, proteins, and polysaccharides. It can disrupt the continuity and stability of the microbial lipid membrane, cause changes in membrane permeability, enhance permeability, and play an antimicrobial role.

[0028] 4.1 Structure and composition of the microbial cell membrane The general thickness of the microbial lipid membrane is 7 - 8 nm. The lipid membrane is mainly composed of lipids and proteins. Lipids account for 50%, proteins account for 40%, and polysaccharides account for about 1 - 10%. Membrane lipids mainly include phospholipids and glycolipids, among which phospholipids account for more than 50% of the membrane lipids. Phospholipids are mainly glycerophospholipids, with glycerol as the backbone, two fatty acid chains and a phosphate group bound to the backbone. Molecules such as choline, ethanolamine, serine, or inositol are linked to the lipid molecule through the phosphate group. The hydrophilic end of the phospholipid molecule is the phosphate group, called the head; the hydrophobic end of the phospholipid molecule is two hydrocarbon chains of different lengths, called the tails, which generally contain 14 - 24 even-numbered carbon atoms; one of the hydrocarbon chains often contains one or several double bonds, and the presence of the double bond causes a certain angular twist in this unsaturated chain. The content of glycolipids accounts for less than 5% of the membrane lipids; the simplest glycolipid is galactocerebroside, which has only one galactose as the polar head; the role of glycolipids is to integrate membrane proteins.

[0029] 4.2 Microbial membrane lipids It is the basic framework of the membrane. Removing the membrane lipids will cause the membrane to disintegrate; membrane lipids are the solvents of membrane proteins. Some proteins interact with membrane lipids through their hydrophobic ends, enabling the proteins to be embedded in the membrane and perform special functions; membrane lipids provide an environment for certain membrane proteases to maintain their conformations and exhibit activities. The activities of many enzymes on the membrane depend on the presence of membrane lipids.

[0030] 4.3 Microbial membrane proteins account for 40% - 50% of the membrane. The more complex the function of the membrane, the higher the protein content on it. According to the binding mode with membrane lipids and their different positions in the membrane, membrane proteins are divided into: integral proteins, peripheral proteins, and lipid-anchored proteins. Integral proteins are partially or completely embedded in the cell membrane or on both sides inside and outside. They are very tightly bound to the membrane and can only be washed off the membrane with detergents. Commonly used detergents are SDS and Triton-X100. Peripheral proteins, also known as extrinsic proteins, are water-soluble and distributed on the surface of the cell membrane. They are bound to the hydrophilic parts of protein molecules or lipid molecules on the membrane surface by ionic bonds or other weak bonds. Therefore, they can be separated from the membrane as long as the ionic strength of the solution is changed or even the temperature is increased. Lipid-anchored proteins: Also known as lipid-linked proteins, there are two ways of binding to lipids: one way is to indirectly bind to the lipids in the lipid bilayer through a sugar molecule; the other is that the protein directly binds to the lipids in the lipid bilayer. Lipid-anchored proteins are anchored through phospholipids or fatty acids and are covalently bound. Membrane proteins have functions such as transportation, catalyzing related metabolic reactions, connecting proteins, and receptor functions.

[0031] 4.4 Microbial membrane sugars account for 2% - 10% of the membrane components; they are mainly located on the outer surface of the lipid membrane. The main sugars present in the membrane in animal cell membranes are 7 kinds: D-glucose, D-galactose, D-mannose, L-fucose, N-acetylgalactosamine, N-acetylglucosamine. There are mainly two forms of the connection between sugars and amino acids: N-linkage: that is, the sugar chain is linked to the asparagine residue in the peptide chain; O-linkage: that is, the sugar chain is linked to the serine or threonine residue in the peptide chain.

[0032] 4.5 Asymmetry of microbial lipid membranes There are obvious differences in the components and functions of the inner and outer layers of the lipid membrane, which is called the asymmetry of the membrane. Membrane lipids, membrane proteins, and membrane sugars are all asymmetrically distributed on the membrane, resulting in the asymmetry and directionality of membrane functions, that is, the fluidity of the inner and outer layers of the membrane is different, making the transfer of substances have a certain direction, and the reception and transmission of signals also have a certain direction, etc. The asymmetry and directionality of membrane functions ensure the high orderliness of life activities. The recognition, movement, material transport, signal transmission, etc. between cells all have directionality. The maintenance of these directionality is provided by the asymmetrically distributed membrane proteins, membrane lipids, and membrane sugars.

[0033] 4.6 Fluidity of microbial lipid membranes Microbial lipid membranes have fluidity. The lipid molecules on the lipid membrane can undergo lateral diffusion, rotational movement, swaying movement, stretching and oscillation, flipping movement, and rotational isomerism. The main forms of movement of membrane proteins are mainly two types: lateral diffusion and rotational diffusion. The fluidity of the lipid membrane is a necessary condition to ensure its normal function. When the fluidity of the lipid membrane is lower than a certain threshold, the activities of many enzymes and transmembrane transport will stop. On the contrary, if the fluidity is too high, it will cause the dissolution of the lipid membrane.

[0034] 5. Methods and Agents for Destroying Microbial Cell Membranes 5.1 Physical Destruction The simplest method in vitro is to place the microorganism in distilled water and utilize the osmotic principle to make the cells absorb water and burst. Both low temperature and high temperature can destroy the microbial lipid membrane. Direct differential centrifugation can also destroy the structure of the lipid membrane.

[0035] 5.2 Destruction by Proteases and Phospholipases Proteases can catalyze the hydrolysis of proteins in the lipid membrane to destroy the lipid membrane; while phospholipases also destroy the lipid membrane by hydrolyzing the phospholipids in the lipid membrane.

[0036] 5.3 Destruction of Cell Membranes by Ionic, Non-Ionic and Amphoteric Detergents Detergents are amphiphilic molecules that contain both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions and can disrupt the binding, denaturation of proteins, protein-lipids and lipids, and other macromolecules. Commonly used ionic detergents in experiments such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), deoxycholate, cholate, sarcosinate; commonly used non-ionic detergents include: Triton X-100, DDM, digitonin, tween 20, tween 80. Detergents are amphiphilic organic compounds composed of a hydrophobic non-polar hydrocarbon part and a hydrophilic polar group. This molecular structure is very similar to the amphiphilic phospholipids that make up the lipid membrane. Phospholipids have two fatty acid hydrophobic tails attached to hydrophilic groups. When at high concentrations, amphiphilic molecules self-assemble into structures that keep their hydrophilic head groups on the outside and their hydrophobic tails on the inside away from water. Due to their molecular differences, detergent molecules form spherical micelles. Due to the similarity of their molecular structures, detergents can penetrate the phospholipid bilayer membrane and thus destroy the lipid membrane.

[0037] 5.4 In Vitro Bactericidal Effect of Fatty Acids Fatty acids are a class of compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen elements and are the main components of neutral fats, phospholipids and glycolipids. Fatty acid metabolism Fatty acids can be further divided according to the length of the carbon chain into: short-chain fatty acids, with less than 6 carbon atoms on the carbon chain, also called volatile fatty acids; medium-chain fatty acids, referring to fatty acids with 6-12 carbon atoms on the carbon chain; long-chain fatty acids, with more than 12 carbon atoms on the carbon chain. Fatty acids can be divided into 3 categories according to the saturation and unsaturation of the carbon-hydrogen chain, namely: saturated fatty acids, without unsaturated bonds on the carbon-hydrogen; monounsaturated fatty acids, with one unsaturated bond on the carbon-hydrogen chain; polyunsaturated fatty acids, with two or more unsaturated bonds on the carbon-hydrogen chain.

[0038] Fatty acids in food are re-esterified in intestinal cells, mixed with bile salts and monoglycerides to form 4-6 nm fat particles. These fat particles are directly absorbed by intestinal epithelial cells through pinocytosis, and are coated with a layer of lecithin and protein membrane to become chylomicrons and enter the lymphatic system. After passing through lymphatic vessels and the thoracic duct, they return to the blood circulation in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion. Except for a small amount that exists in peripheral blood for a short time, most medium-chain fatty acids are non-covalently bound to serum proteins and reach the liver relatively quickly through the portal vein system. In the liver, medium-chain fatty acids can rapidly pass through the mitochondrial double membrane and are rapidly acylated under the action of octanoyl-CoA, and are hardly synthesized into fat. Excess acetyl-CoA produced by acylation undergoes various metabolic processes in the mitochondrial cytoplasm, and most of them tend to synthesize ketone bodies.

[0039] Research has shown that the antibacterial effect of fatty acids is usually broad-spectrum. Although the antibacterial mechanism is still poorly understood, many studies speculate that the main target of fatty acid action is the cell membrane, where fatty acids disrupt the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation. In addition to interfering with cell energy production, the action of fatty acids may also be due to enzyme activity inhibition, nutrient absorption impairment, peroxidation and the production of autoxidation degradation products, or the direct decomposition of bacterial cells.

[0040] Due to its different mechanism of action from most traditional antibiotics, it has development potential. However, there are still some problems that have hindered progress so far. First, the taste of some free fatty acids is not good. Second, free fatty acids are unstable, and they also tend to bind non-specifically to proteins. In the body, more fatty acids are transported in the form of stable lipids (such as triglycerides). Third, the lipophilicity and rapid metabolism of fatty acids make them unable to be directly used in the body. Free fatty acids are insoluble in water or have very low water solubility and cannot be directly injected into the blood circulation. Direct injection into a vein will cause pulmonary embolism, and injection into an artery will cause arterial embolism and tissue necrosis.

[0041] The concentration of fatty acids used in in vitro antibacterial and bactericidal studies is often very high, and such a high concentration will definitely damage the cell membranes of human cells. Human cells are also composed of a phospholipid bilayer and are also the targets of high-concentration fatty acid attacks. Therefore, this invention patent relates to a group of stable water-soluble carbon chain complexes that can be injected intravenously, intra-arterially, or orally. By covalently binding hydrophobic carbon chains with large, medium, and small water-soluble molecules and binding molecules, the lipophilic hydrophobic carbon chains are turned into water-soluble complexes that can target and kill microorganisms in the body. At therapeutic concentrations, this group of complexes can target and kill pathogenic microorganisms without affecting or damaging human cell tissues, and are not easily cleared and metabolized by the liver in the short term. The highly water-soluble and highly affinity complexes described in the present invention have the effect of anti-microbial infection, and in addition to nasal sprays and dry powder inhalers, can also be used in intravenous injection and oral dosage forms. Summary of the Invention

[0043] In view of the lack of reagents in the prior art that are non-toxic and have no side effects and cannot widely kill, prevent, or treat microbial infections, the present invention provides a complex that can prevent, stop, or treat microbial infections.

[0044] Specifically, to solve the lack of reagents in the prior art that are non-toxic and have no side effects, especially those that cannot widely kill, prevent, or treat microbial infections, the present invention provides the following first set of technical solutions: (1) A complex capable of preventing, stopping, and / or treating viral or bacterial infections, comprising an active part, a binding part, and a water-soluble part, wherein the virus is one or more viruses selected from the group consisting of novel coronavirus, influenza virus, HIV, hepatitis B virus, human herpesvirus, Ebola virus, rabies virus, and human papillomavirus, and the bacteria are one or more bacteria selected from the group consisting of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; The active part is a lipophilic saturated and / or unsaturated carbon chain with a branched, cyclic structure, and / or a straight-chain structure, the carbon chain being a molecule or a residue of a molecule, and the carbon chain having 3 to 100 carbon atoms; wherein the active part is a carbon chain or a residue of a carbon chain formed by saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids having 3 to 100 carbon atoms; The water-soluble part is a water-soluble molecule or a residue of a molecule, the molecule containing one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of amide group, phosphoryloxy group, carboxyl group, phosphate group, sulfonic acid group, sulfonyloxy group, hydroxyl group, quaternary ammonium group, thioether group, disulfide bond, ether group, mercapto group, aldehyde group, ester group, amine group, amino group, ureido group, and guanidyl group, and the water-soluble part may be one or more of the above functional groups connected to the carbon chain serving as the active part; The binding part is a molecule or a residue of a molecule capable of binding to the microbial lipid membrane, microbial surface protein, microbial surface polysaccharide, or cell wall component, or capable of binding to polysaccharide, protein, or polypeptide in the microorganism, and the binding part may be the same as the water-soluble part, i.e., a protein, polypeptide, amino acid, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, and / or polysaccharide molecule or its residue capable of binding to the microbial lipid membrane and surface domain; wherein the number of any one of the active part, the water-soluble part, and the binding part may be 1 or more than 1.

[0045] (2) The complex according to technical solution 1, wherein the number of carbon atoms is 3 to 48.

[0046] (3) The complex according to Technical Solution 1, wherein the number of carbon atoms is 3 - 26.

[0047] (4) The complex according to Technical Solution 1, wherein the water-soluble part is a water-soluble molecule or a residue of a molecule containing one or more groups selected from a mercapto group, an amino group, a phosphate group, a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a hydroxyl group, an amine group, a urea group, a guanidine group, and a disulfide group; The binding part has a group that plays a binding role, that is, it can bind to a microbial lipid membrane, a microbial surface protein, a microbial surface polysaccharide, or a cell wall component, or can bind to a polysaccharide, protein, or polypeptide in a microorganism. This group is from the water-soluble part or from two or more groups selected from a mercapto group, an amino group, a phosphate group, a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a hydroxyl group, an amine group, a urea group, a guanidine group, and a disulfide group that independently serve as the binding part, or from one or more groups selected from a mercapto group, an amino group, a phosphate group, a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a hydroxyl group, an amine group, a urea group, a guanidine group, and a disulfide group that provide carbon chain - carbon chain connection, such that the complex has one or more groups selected from a mercapto group, an amino group, a phosphate group, a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a hydroxyl group, an amine group, a urea group, a guanidine group, and a disulfide group.

[0048] (5) The complex according to Technical Solution 4, wherein the binding part is selected from one or more of a dibasic fatty acid or a polybasic fatty acid, an amino acid, a targeting protein, a targeting polypeptide, and a targeting polysaccharide.

[0049] (6) The complex according to Technical Solution 4, wherein the complex is a complex formed by linking a fatty acid with 3 - 50 carbon atoms and a water-soluble amino acid; or the complex is a complex formed by linking a fatty acid with 3 - 50 carbon atoms and a targeting polypeptide; or the complex is a complex formed by the reaction of a fatty acid with 3 - 50 carbon atoms, a targeting polypeptide, and PEG; or the complex is a complex formed by the reaction of a surfactant and one or more of a dibasic fatty acid or a polybasic fatty acid, an amino acid, a targeting protein, a targeting polypeptide, and a targeting polysaccharide.

[0050] (7) The complex according to Technical Solution 4, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is selected from saturated fatty acids or unsaturated fatty acids with 3 - 50 carbon atoms, and this fatty acid is a fatty acid or amino acid containing a double bond, a triple bond, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, and / or being oxo-substituted, and is a monobasic acid, a dibasic acid, or a polybasic acid.

[0051] (8) The complex according to Technical Solution 4, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is selected from saturated fatty acids having 3 to 46 carbon atoms, monoenoic acids having 3 to 34 carbon atoms, dienoic acids having 5 to 30 carbon atoms, trienoic acids having 7 to 30 carbon atoms, tetraenoic acids having 12 to 38 carbon atoms, pentaenoic acids having 12 to 38 carbon atoms, hexaenoic acids having 22 to 38 carbon atoms, alkynoic acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, diynoic acids having 10 to 22 carbon atoms, triynoic acids having 12 to 22 carbon atoms, enynoic acids having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, fatty acids having 3 to 30 main-chain carbon atoms and 1 to 10 alkyl groups and / or 1 to 3 hydroxyl groups on the side chain, saturated straight-chain and branched-chain dicarboxylic acids and tricarboxylic acids having 3 to 38 carbon atoms, and unsaturated straight-chain or branched-chain dicarboxylic acids and tricarboxylic acids having 4 to 18 carbon atoms that can be substituted by hydroxyl groups, carboxylic acids substituted by amino, hydroxyl, oxo and / or methyl groups having 3 to 18 carbon atoms, N-acyl amino acids having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, amino acids containing two or more acyl groups, and one or more than two of polycarboxylic acids connected by thioether bonds and amide bonds.

[0052] (9) The complex according to Technical Solution 4, wherein the saturated / or unsaturated fatty acid is selected from one or more than two of fumaric acid, octanoic acid, pentenedioic acid, hexanoic acid, nonanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, eicosanoic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, pentacosanoic acid, heptanoic acid, decanoic acid, dodecenoic acid, tetradecenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, octacosanoic acid, or a carbon chain residue formed thereby.

[0053] (10) The complex according to Technical Solution 4, wherein the water-soluble part is a molecule or a residue of a molecule containing one or more than two groups selected from mercapto, amino, carboxyl, hydroxyl and disulfide groups; the molecule is selected from one or more than two water-soluble macromolecules such as proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids and synthetic water-soluble polymers or residues thereof; and / or, one or more than two medium molecules such as polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, oligonucleotides and synthetic water-soluble polymers of medium molecular weight or residues thereof; and / or, one or more than two water-soluble small molecules such as amino acids, monosaccharides, disaccharides, nucleotides, water-soluble vitamins and deoxynucleotides or residues thereof; and / or, a molecule or a residue of a molecule connected to the carbon chain as the acting part, and the molecule or the residue thereof contains one or more than two groups selected from mercapto, amino, carboxyl, hydroxyl and disulfide groups.

[0054] (11) The complex according to Technical Solution 10, wherein the protein as the water-soluble macromolecule is one or more water-soluble macromolecules selected from serum albumin, immunoglobulin, water-soluble collagen, chaperone protein, water-soluble glycoprotein, and CD14; the polysaccharide as the macromolecule is one or more water-soluble macromolecules selected from dextran, hyaluronic acid, sialic acid, heparin sulfate, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, acetylated water-soluble cellulose derivatives, β-cyclodextrin and its derivatives, and water-soluble chitosan derivatives; the water-soluble polymer as the macromolecule is one or more water-soluble macromolecules selected from polyethylene glycol and carboxylated or aminated polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol and carboxylated or quaternized polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, and ammonium polyacrylate; The water-soluble medium molecular weight polymer is selected from one or more substances of targeting polypeptide, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, oligonucleotide, and / or water-soluble polyamino acid; The monosaccharide and / or disaccharide of the water-soluble small molecule is selected from one or more of glucose, fructose, rhamnose, sorbose, sucrose, maltose, lactose, and trehalose; the nucleotide and / or deoxynucleotide as the water-soluble small molecule is selected from adenylic acid, guanylic acid, uridylic acid, cytidylic acid, thymidylic acid, inosinic acid, deoxyadenylic acid, deoxyguanylic acid, deoxycytidylic acid, deoxythymidylic acid; one or more of amino acids such as serine, threonine, cysteine, asparagine, glutamine, tyrosine, lysine, arginine, histidine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, citrulline, ornithine, taurine, and aminobutyric acid; the vitamin as the water-soluble small molecule is selected from one or more of vitamin B1, pantothenic acid, vitamin B6, and vitamin C.

[0055] (12) The complex according to Technical Solution 11, wherein the targeting polypeptide includes any one of proteins or neutralizing antibody fragments that specifically target microbial lipid membranes, bacterial and fungal cell walls, and viral surface protein domains.

[0056] (13) The complex according to Technical Solution 11, wherein the water-soluble polyamino acid is selected from polyglutamic acid, polylysine, and / or polyaspartic acid.

[0057] (14) The complex according to Technical Solution 1, wherein the binding part and the water-soluble part are the same, that is, proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, amino acids, nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids, and / or polysaccharide molecules or residues of these molecules that can bind to microbial lipid membranes and surface domains, and the molecules or residues of the molecules include one or more groups selected from mercapto group, amino group, carboxyl group, hydroxyl group, and disulfide group.

[0058] (15) The complex according to Technical Solution 1, which is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms with protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, disaccharide, nucleotide, vitamin, amino acid, water-soluble polymer, water-soluble polyamino acid, and / or polysaccharide; or it is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 50 carbon atoms with protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, disaccharide, nucleotide, vitamin, amino acid, water-soluble polymer, water-soluble polyamino acid, and / or polysaccharide molecule, and a mixture of the unreacted fatty acid and / or the unreacted protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, disaccharide, nucleotide, vitamin, amino acid, water-soluble polymer, water-soluble polyamino acid, and / or polysaccharide molecule.

[0059] (16) The complex according to Technical Solution 1, which is a complex obtained by physically and chemically combining or directly physically mixing a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms with protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, disaccharide, nucleotide, vitamin, amino acid, water-soluble polymer, water-soluble polyamino acid, and / or polysaccharide molecule, and the physical and chemical action includes the combination of hydrogen bond or van der Waals force or both.

[0060] (17) The complex according to Technical Solution 15, which is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms with at least one selected from protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, and amino acid; or it is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms with at least one selected from protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, and amino acid, and a mixture of the unreacted fatty acid and / or the unreacted at least one selected from protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, and amino acid.

[0061] (18) The complex according to Technical Solution 15, which is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, PEG with at least one selected from protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, and amino acid; or it is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, PEG with at least one selected from protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, and amino acid, and a mixture of the unreacted fatty acid, the unreacted PEG, and / or the unreacted at least one selected from protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, and amino acid.

[0062] (19) The complex according to Technical Solution 15, which is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms with at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, and oligosaccharides; or it is a mixture of a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms with at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, and oligosaccharides, unreacted fatty acid, and / or unreacted polysaccharide, monosaccharide, disaccharide, and / or oligosaccharide.

[0063] (20) The complex according to Technical Solution 15, which is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, PEG, and at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, and oligosaccharides; or it is a mixture of a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, PEG, and at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, and oligosaccharides, unreacted fatty acid, unreacted PEG, and / or unreacted polysaccharide, monosaccharide, disaccharide, and / or oligosaccharide.

[0064] (21) The complex according to Technical Solution 15, wherein the protein is selected from one or more of serum albumin, immunoglobulin, water-soluble collagen, chaperone protein, water-soluble glycoprotein, and CD14.

[0065] (22) The complex according to Technical Solution 15, wherein the polysaccharide is selected from one or more of dextran and / or hyaluronic acid, sialic acid, heparin sulfate, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, acetylated water-soluble cellulose derivative, β-cyclodextrin and its derivatives, and water-soluble chitosan derivative.

[0066] (23) The complex according to Technical Solution 15, which is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, a linker, and a thiol-containing protein; or it is a mixture of the compound obtained by the above reaction, unreacted fatty acid, unreacted linker, and / or unreacted thiol-containing protein; wherein the linker is one or more of amino acid, succinic acid, butenedioic acid, glutaconic acid, adipic acid, urethane, short peptide, N-hydroxysuccinimide, polyethylene glycol, and derivatives of the above compounds.

[0067] (24) The complex according to Technical Solution 23, which is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, N-hydroxysuccinimide, and a thiol-containing protein; or it is a mixture of the compound obtained by the above reaction, unreacted fatty acid, unreacted N-hydroxysuccinimide, and / or unreacted thiol-containing protein.

[0068] (25) The complex according to Technical Solution 15 is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, cystamine, and at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, and oligosaccharides; or a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 50 carbon atoms, cystamine, and at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, and oligosaccharides, and a mixture of the unreacted fatty acid, the unreacted at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, and oligosaccharides, and / or the unreacted cystamine.

[0069] (26) The complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 15-25, the compound obtained by the reaction contains one or more groups among amide groups, ester groups, thioether groups, or ether groups, and these groups serve as the connecting part between the water-soluble part and the acting part.

[0070] (27) The complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 4-25, the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid has 3 to 50 carbon atoms.

[0071] (28) The complex according to Technical Solution 27, the carbon atoms are 3 to 48.

[0072] (29) The complex according to Technical Solution 27, the carbon atoms are 3 to 26.

[0073] (30) The complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 4-25, the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is a fatty acid having 3 to 40 carbon atoms and 1 to 8 C=C double bonds, is a fatty acid having 1 to 7 C=C double bonds, is a fatty acid having 1 to 6 double bonds, is a fatty acid having 1 to 5 double bonds, is a fatty acid having 1 to 4 double bonds, is a fatty acid having 1 to 3 double bonds, or is a fatty acid having 1 to 2 double bonds.

[0074] (31) The complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 4-25, the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is a fatty acid having 1 to 6 double bonds and 3 to 30 carbon atoms.

[0075] (32) The complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 4-25, the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid has 3 to 30 carbon atoms.

[0076] (33) The complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 4-25, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is selected from one or more fatty acids of fumaric acid, octanoic acid, glutaconic acid, hexanoic acid, nonanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, eicosanoic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, pentacosanoic acid, heptanoic acid, decanoic acid, dodecenoic acid, tetradecenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and octacosanoic acid.

[0077] (34) The complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 4-25, wherein the protein is human serum albumin or bovine serum albumin, or CD14; or the polysaccharide is dextran and / or hyaluronic acid.

[0078] (35) The present invention also provides a preparation for preventing, blocking or treating microbial infections made from the above-mentioned complex.

[0079] (36) The preparation according to the present invention, wherein the preparation is a pharmaceutical preparation or an environmental disinfection and sterilization preparation.

[0080] (37) The preparation according to the present invention, wherein the pharmaceutical preparation is one selected from inhalants, nasal sprays, injections, oral preparations, and topical skin dosage forms.

[0081] (38) Application of the complex according to the present invention in the preparation of a pharmaceutical preparation for preventing, blocking and / or treating microbial infections or an environmental microbial disinfection reagent.

[0082] In the application according to the present invention, the microorganism is any one or two of viruses and bacteria.

[0083] In the application according to the present invention, the virus is an enveloped virus; and / or a non-enveloped virus.

[0084] In the application according to the present invention, the virus is one or more viruses selected from novel coronavirus, influenza virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus, human herpesvirus, Ebola virus, rabies virus, and human papillomavirus (HPV), and the bacteria are one or more bacteria selected from Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

[0085] In the application according to the present invention, the virus is selected from one or more of H7N9 influenza virus, H5N1 influenza virus, HIV virus, novel coronavirus, HPV virus, and rabies virus.

[0086] (39) The present invention also provides a method for preparing the complex, which is obtained by reacting a fatty acid having a lipophilic saturated and / or unsaturated carbon chain with a branched, cyclic structure and / or straight-chain structure, a water-soluble molecule, and a protein, polypeptide, amino acid, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, and / or polysaccharide molecule that can bind to the microbial lipid membrane, microbial surface domain or cell wall as needed, and a linker molecule as needed, in the presence of a catalyst.

[0087] Further preferably, according to the method for preparing the complex of the present invention, the complex is a product obtained by purifying the compound obtained by the reaction.

[0088] (40) The present invention also provides a method for preparing the complex, which is obtained by physically mixing a fatty acid having a lipophilic saturated and / or unsaturated carbon chain with a branched, cyclic structure and / or straight-chain structure, a water-soluble molecule, and a protein, polypeptide, amino acid, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, and / or polysaccharide molecule that can bind to the microbial lipid membrane, virus surface domain or cell wall as needed.

[0089] (41) The present invention also provides a method for preparing the complex, which is obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid containing 3 to 100 carbon atoms with any one of proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, nucleotides, vitamins, amino acids, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids, and / or polysaccharides in the presence of a catalyst.

[0090] Further preferably, the complex is a product obtained by purifying the compound obtained by the reaction.

[0091] (42) The present invention also provides a method for preparing the complex, which is obtained by a complex physically and chemically combined with a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid containing 3 to 100 carbon atoms and a protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, disaccharide, nucleotide, vitamin, amino acid, water-soluble polymer, water-soluble polyamino acid, and / or polysaccharide molecule, or directly by physical mixing.

[0092] In addition, the inventors of the present invention have found through intensive research that the above technical solutions of the present invention can be further extended and specifically optimized more widely, thus providing the following second set of technical solutions: (1) The present invention provides a complex capable of preventing, blocking and / or treating microbial infections, which comprises an action part, a binding part and a water-soluble part. The action part is a lipophilic saturated and / or unsaturated carbon chain with a branched, cyclic structure and / or straight-chain structure, the carbon chain is a molecule or a residue of a molecule, and the carbon chain is a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms. The water-soluble portion is a water-soluble molecule or a residue of a molecule, the molecule containing one or more functional groups selected from amide groups, phosphoryloxy groups, carboxyl groups, phosphate groups, sulfonic acid groups, sulfonyloxy groups, hydroxyl groups, quaternary ammonium groups, thioether groups, disulfide bonds, ether groups, mercapto groups, aldehyde groups, ester groups, amine groups, amino groups, ureido groups, and guanidyl groups. The water-soluble portion may be one or more of the above functional groups connected to a carbon chain serving as an active portion and / or a binding portion; The binding portion is a molecule or a residue of a molecule capable of binding to a microbial lipid membrane, a microbial surface protein, a microbial surface polysaccharide, or a cell wall component, or capable of binding to a polysaccharide, protein, or polypeptide in a microorganism. The binding portion may be the same as the water-soluble portion, i.e., a protein, polypeptide, amino acid, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, and / or polysaccharide molecule or its residue capable of binding to a microbial lipid membrane and a surface domain; Wherein the number of any one of the active portion, the water-soluble portion, and the binding portion may be 1 or more than 1.

[0093] (2) The complex according to Technical Solution 1, wherein the active portion is selected from saturated and / or unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons, saturated and / or unsaturated fatty alcohols or oxo fatty alcohols, saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids, hydrophobic amino acids, fat-soluble vitamins, steroid lipids, phospholipids, sphingomyelins, glycolipids, and a surfactant, forming a carbon chain or a carbon chain residue having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 48 carbon atoms, and more preferably 3 to 26 carbon atoms; wherein the number of carbon atoms is preferably 3 to 26; The water-soluble portion is a water-soluble molecule or a residue of a molecule containing one or more groups selected from mercapto groups, amino groups, phosphate groups, carboxyl groups, sulfonic acid groups, hydroxyl groups, amine groups, ureido groups, guanidyl groups, and disulfide groups; the binding portion has a group that plays a binding role, i.e., capable of binding to a microbial lipid membrane, a microbial surface protein, a microbial surface polysaccharide, or a cell wall component, or capable of binding to a polysaccharide, protein, or polypeptide in a microorganism. This group is from the water-soluble portion or from a group independently serving as the binding portion and selected from one or more groups of mercapto groups, amino groups, phosphate groups, carboxyl groups, sulfonic acid groups, hydroxyl groups, amine groups, ureido groups, guanidyl groups, and disulfide groups, or from one or more groups of mercapto groups, amino groups, phosphate groups, carboxyl groups, sulfonic acid groups, hydroxyl groups, amine groups, ureido groups, guanidyl groups, and disulfide groups that provide carbon chain connection, so that the complex has one or more groups of mercapto groups, amino groups, phosphate groups, carboxyl groups, sulfonic acid groups, hydroxyl groups, amine groups, ureido groups, guanidyl groups, and disulfide groups; That is to say, for the complex of the present invention, in some cases, the binding portion may be the same as the water-soluble portion and may also simultaneously function as the carbon chain of the active portion.

[0094] Preferably, the binding moiety is selected from one or more of dibasic fatty acids or polybasic fatty acids, amino acids, targeting proteins, targeting polypeptides, and targeting polysaccharides; More preferably, the complex is a complex formed by linking a fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 50 carbon atoms, and a water-soluble amino acid; or, the complex is a complex formed by linking a fatty acid having 3 to 50 carbon atoms and a targeting polypeptide; Or the complex is a complex formed by reacting a fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 50 carbon atoms, a targeting polypeptide, and PEG; Or the complex is a complex formed by reacting a surfactant with one or more of dibasic fatty acids or polybasic fatty acids, amino acids, targeting proteins, targeting polypeptides, and targeting polysaccharides, and preferably the surfactant is selected from one or more of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, fatty acid polyoxyethylene esters, alkyl glycosides, fatty acid sucrose esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters, sorbitan polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, N-acyl-N-methylglucamine, and mannitol erythritol lipids.

[0095] (3) The complex according to Technical Solution 2, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is selected from saturated fatty acids or unsaturated fatty acids having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, and the fatty acid is a fatty acid or amino acid containing double bonds, triple bonds, hydroxyl groups, amino groups, and / or being oxo-substituted, and can be a monobasic acid, dibasic acid, or polybasic acid.

[0096] (4) The complex according to Technical Solution 3, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is selected from saturated fatty acids having 3 to 46 carbon atoms, monoenoic acids having 3 to 34 carbon atoms, dienoic acids having 5 to 30 carbon atoms, trienoic acids having 7 to 30 carbon atoms, tetraenoic acids having 12 to 38 carbon atoms, pentaenoic acids having 12 to 38 carbon atoms, hexaenoic acids having 22 to 38 carbon atoms, alkynoic acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, diynoic acids having 10 to 22 carbon atoms, triynoic acids having 12 to 22 carbon atoms, enynoic acids having 8 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably acids containing one or two C═C double bonds and containing one or two or three triple bonds), fatty acids having a main chain carbon atom number of 3 to 30 and a branched chain carbon atom number of 1 to 10 alkyl groups and / or 1 to 3 hydroxyl groups (preferably saturated fatty acids having 1 to 3 methyl groups or fatty acids having a C═C double bond), saturated straight-chain and branched-chain dicarboxylic acids and tricarboxylic acids having 3 to 38 carbon atoms and unsaturated straight-chain or branched-chain dicarboxylic acids and tricarboxylic acids having 4 to 18 carbon atoms that can be substituted by hydroxyl groups, carboxylic acids substituted by amino groups, hydroxyl groups, oxo groups, and / or methyl groups having 3 to 18 carbon atoms, N-acyl amino acids having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, amino acids containing 2 or more acyl groups, and one or more of polycarboxylic acids linked by thioether bonds and amide bonds; The saturated and / or unsaturated fatty alcohol is a saturated straight-chain or branched-chain fatty alcohol having 3 to 33 carbon atoms; and / or an unsaturated straight-chain or branched-chain alcohol having 3 to 33 carbon atoms, containing 1 to 5 double bonds and 1 to 5 triple bonds, and having 1 to 3 hydroxyl groups; the oxo fatty alcohol is an alcohol ketone having 8 to 31 carbon atoms, containing 1 to 3 double bonds or triple bonds, and having 1 to 3 hydroxyl groups, and the ketone is a monoketone or a diketone.

[0097] (5) The complex according to Technical Solution 4, wherein the saturated / or unsaturated fatty acid is selected from one or more of fumaric acid, octanoic acid, pentenedioic acid, hexanoic acid, nonanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, eicosanoic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, pentacosanoic acid, heptanoic acid, decanoic acid, dodecenoic acid, tetradecenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, octacosanoic acid, or a carbon chain residue formed thereby.

[0098] (6) The complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 1-5, wherein the water-soluble part is a molecule or a residue of a molecule containing one or more groups selected from a mercapto group, an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, and a disulfide group; the molecule is one or more water-soluble macromolecules selected from proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids, and synthetic water-soluble polymers, or a residue thereof; and / or, one or more medium molecules selected from polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, oligonucleotides, and synthetic water-soluble polymers of medium molecular weight, or a residue thereof; and / or, one or more water-soluble small molecules selected from amino acids, monosaccharides, disaccharides, nucleotides, water-soluble vitamins, and deoxynucleotides, or a residue thereof; and / or, a molecule or a residue of a molecule connected to the carbon chain as the active part, and the molecule or the residue of the molecule contains one or more groups selected from a mercapto group, an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, and a disulfide group.

[0099] (7) The complex according to Technical Solution 6, wherein the protein as the water-soluble macromolecule is one or more water-soluble macromolecules selected from serum albumin, immunoglobulin, water-soluble collagen, chaperone protein, water-soluble glycoprotein, and CD14; the polysaccharide as the macromolecule is one or more water-soluble macromolecules selected from dextran, hyaluronic acid, sialic acid, heparin sulfate, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratin sulfate, acetylated water-soluble cellulose derivatives, β-cyclodextrin and its derivatives, and water-soluble chitosan derivatives; the water-soluble polymer as the macromolecule is one or more water-soluble macromolecules selected from polyethylene glycol and carboxylated or aminated polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol and carboxylated or quaternized polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, and ammonium polyacrylate; The water-soluble medium-molecular-weight polymer is selected from targeted polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, oligonucleotides, and / or water-soluble polyamino acids; preferably, the targeted polypeptide includes a protein or a neutralizing antibody fragment that specifically targets the microbial lipid membrane, bacterial and fungal cell walls, and viral surface protein domains (including, for example, taurine transport peptide, SBP1); preferably, the water-soluble polyamino acids are selected from polyglutamic acid, polylysine, and / or polyaspartic acid; and oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, oligonucleotides; The water-soluble small-molecule monosaccharides and / or disaccharides are selected from one or more of glucose, fructose, rhamnose, sorbose, sucrose, maltose, lactose, and trehalose; the nucleotides and / or deoxynucleotides as water-soluble small molecules are selected from adenylic acid, guanylic acid, uridylic acid, cytidylic acid, thymidylic acid, inosinic acid, deoxyadenylic acid, deoxyguanylic acid, deoxycytidylic acid, deoxythymidylic acid; amino acids such as serine, threonine, cysteine, asparagine, glutamine, tyrosine, lysine, arginine, histidine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, citrulline, ornithine, taurine, and aminobutyric acid; and the vitamins as the water-soluble small molecules are selected from one or more of vitamin B1, pantothenic acid, vitamin B6, and vitamin C.

[0100] (8) The complex according to any one of technical solutions 1-7, wherein the binding part and the water-soluble part are the same, and are proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, amino acids, nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids, and / or polysaccharide molecules or residues of these molecules that can bind to the microbial lipid membrane and surface domains, and the molecules or residues of the molecules include one or more groups selected from sulfhydryl, amino, carboxyl, hydroxyl, and disulfide groups.

[0101] (9) The complex according to any one of technical solutions 1-8, which is a compound obtained by reacting a substance having a carbon chain with 3-100 carbon atoms as the acting part with one or more of proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, amino acids, nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids, and / or polysaccharides; or it is a compound obtained by reacting a substance having a carbon chain with 3-100 carbon atoms as the acting part with one or more of proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, amino acids, nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids, and / or polysaccharide molecules, and a mixture of the unreacted substance as the acting part and / or the unreacted proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, amino acids, nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids, and / or polysaccharide molecules; Preferably, the substance as the functional part is one or more substances selected from saturated and / or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, saturated and / or unsaturated fatty alcohols or oxo-fatty alcohols, saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids, hydrophobic amino acids, fat-soluble vitamins, steroid lipids, phospholipids, sphingomyelins, glycolipids, and surfactants. These substances provide or have a carbon chain or a residue forming a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 48 carbon atoms, and more preferably 3 to 26 carbon atoms.

[0102] That is to say, the complex for preventing, blocking or treating microbial infection-related includes the compound obtained from the reaction, and also includes the reaction mixture containing the compound obtained from the reaction (also referred to as "reaction product", or "reaction mixture", "reaction product solution", "reaction mixture solution"), and the purified product after purifying and separating the unreacted reaction starting materials and catalysts from the reaction mixture. (10) The complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 1-8 is a complex physically and chemically combined or a mixture directly physically mixed by one or more substances selected from proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, amino acids, nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids, and / or polysaccharide molecules, with a substance having a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as the functional part. The physical and chemical interactions include hydrogen bonds or van der Waals forces or a combination of both; preferably, the substance as the functional part is one or more substances selected from saturated and / or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, saturated and / or unsaturated fatty alcohols or oxo-fatty alcohols, saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids, hydrophobic amino acids, fat-soluble vitamins, steroid lipids, phospholipids, sphingomyelins, glycolipids, and surfactants. These substances provide or have a carbon chain or a residue forming a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 48 carbon atoms, and more preferably 3 to 26 carbon atoms.

[0103] (11) The complex according to Technical Solution 9 is a compound obtained by reacting a substance having a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as the functional part with at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, and amino acids; or it is a mixture of a compound obtained by reacting a substance having a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as the functional part with at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, and amino acids, and the unreacted substance as the functional part and / or the unreacted at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, and amino acids.

[0104] (12) The complex according to Technical Solution 9, which is a substance containing a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as the functional part, a compound obtained by reacting PEG with at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, and amino acids; or it is a mixture of a substance containing a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as the functional part, a compound obtained by reacting PEG with at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, and amino acids, and the unreacted substance as the functional part, unreacted PEG, and / or unreacted at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, and amino acids.

[0105] (13) The complex according to Technical Solution 9, which is a compound obtained by reacting a substance containing a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as the functional part with one or more selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, and / or oligosaccharides; or it is a mixture of a compound obtained by reacting a substance containing a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as the functional part with one or more selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, and / or oligosaccharides, and the unreacted substance as the functional part and / or unreacted polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, and / or oligosaccharides.

[0106] (14) The complex according to Technical Solution 9, which is a compound obtained by reacting a substance containing a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as the functional part, PEG with one or more selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, and / or oligosaccharides; or it is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid with 3 to 100 carbon atoms, PEG with one or more selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, and / or oligosaccharides, and a mixture of the unreacted substance as the functional part, unreacted PEG, and / or unreacted polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, and / or oligosaccharides.

[0107] (15) The complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 6 - 12, wherein the protein is selected from one or more of serum albumin, immunoglobulin, water-soluble collagen, chaperone protein, water-soluble glycoprotein, and CD14.

[0108] (16) The complex according to Technical Solution 13, wherein the polysaccharide is selected from one or more of dextran and / or hyaluronic acid sialic acid, heparin sulfate, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, acetylated water-soluble cellulose derivatives, β-cyclodextrin and its derivatives, and water-soluble chitosan derivatives.

[0109] (17) The complex according to Technical Solution 11 or 12, which is a compound obtained by reacting a substance containing a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as the functional part, a linker, and a protein containing a mercapto group; or a mixture of the compound obtained by the above reaction, the unreacted substance as the functional part, the unreacted linker, and / or the unreacted protein containing a mercapto group; wherein, the linker is one or more of amino acid, succinic acid, butenedioic acid, glutaconic acid, adipic acid, carbamate, short peptide, N-hydroxybutenimide, polyethylene glycol, and derivatives of the above compounds; Preferably, the complex is a compound obtained by reacting a substance containing a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as the functional part, and N-hydroxybutenimide with a protein containing a mercapto group; or a mixture of the compound obtained by the above reaction, the unreacted substance as the functional part, the unreacted N-hydroxybutenimide, and / or the unreacted protein containing a mercapto group.

[0110] (18) The complex according to Technical Solution 13, which is a compound obtained by reacting a substance containing a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as the functional part, cystamine with one or more selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, and / or oligosaccharides; or a mixture of the compound obtained by reacting a substance containing a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as the functional part, cystamine with one or more selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, and / or oligosaccharides, the unreacted substance as the functional part, and the unreacted polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and / or unreacted cystamine.

[0111] (19) The complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 8-17, the compound obtained by the reaction contains one or more of amide group, ester group, thioether group, or ether group as the connecting part between the water-soluble part and the functional part.

[0112] (20) The complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 3-18, the substance providing the carbon chain or the residue of the carbon chain as the functional part is selected from one or more of saturated and / or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, saturated and / or unsaturated fatty alcohols or oxo fatty alcohols, saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids, hydrophobic amino acids, fat-soluble vitamins, steroid lipids, phospholipids, sphingomyelins, glycolipids, and surfactants, the carbon chain has 3 to 100 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 50 carbon atoms, more preferably 3 to 48 carbon atoms, and even more preferably 3 to 26 carbon atoms.

[0113] (21) For the complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 3-18, the substance providing a carbon chain or a residue of a carbon chain as the functional part is selected from one or more of saturated and / or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, saturated and / or unsaturated fatty alcohols or oxo-fatty alcohols, saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids, hydrophobic amino acids, fat-soluble vitamins, steroid lipids, phospholipids, sphingomyelins, glycolipids, and surfactants, preferably saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids; more preferably, the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid has 3-100 carbon atoms, preferably 3-50 carbon atoms, still preferably 3-48 carbon atoms, and even more preferably 3-40 carbon atoms, and is a fatty acid containing 1-8 C═C double bonds, which can be a fatty acid containing 1-7 C═C double bonds, which can be a fatty acid containing 1-6 double bonds, which can be a fatty acid containing 1-5 double bonds, which can be a fatty acid containing 1-4 double bonds, which can be a fatty acid containing 1-3 double bonds, which can be a fatty acid containing 1-2 double bonds.

[0114] (22) For the complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 3-18, the substance providing a carbon chain or a residue of a carbon chain as the functional part is a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid, which can be a fatty acid having 1-6 double bonds and 2-30 carbon atoms, preferably 2-26 carbon atoms, and more preferably 2-22 carbon atoms.

[0115] (23) For the complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 3-18, the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid has 3-30 carbon atoms, preferably 3-26 carbon atoms, preferably 8-22 carbon atoms, preferably 8-20 carbon atoms, and preferably 8-18 carbon atoms.

[0116] (24) For the complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 3-18, the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is selected from one or more of fumaric acid, octanoic acid, glutaconic acid, hexanoic acid, nonanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, pentacosanoic acid, heptanoic acid, decanoic acid, dodecenoic acid, tetradecenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, octacosanoic acid.

[0117] (25) For the complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 8-23, the protein is human serum albumin or bovine serum albumin, or CD14; or the polysaccharide is dextran and / or hyaluronic acid.

[0118] (26) For the complex according to Technical Solution 11, any one or more of the compounds with the following structural formulas obtained by reacting the resulting compound fatty acid with albumin or SBP1:

[0119] (27) The complex according to Technical Solution 12, wherein the compound obtained from the reaction is a compound obtained by reacting a monobasic fatty acid having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, PEG with an amino acid, or a compound obtained by reacting a monobasic fatty acid having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a saturated dibasic fatty acid having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, PEG with taurine; preferably a compound having at least one of the following structural formulas: wherein n is an integer from 1 to 200.

[0120] (28) The complex according to Technical Solution 13, wherein the compound obtained from the reaction is any one or more than two compounds having the following structural formulas obtained by reacting a fatty acid with dextran:

[0121] (29) The complex according to Technical Solution 13, wherein the compound obtained from the reaction is any one or more than two compounds having the following structural formulas obtained by reacting a fatty acid with hyaluronic acid: n is an integer from 1 to 2000.

[0122] (30) The complex according to Technical Solution 14, wherein the compound obtained from the reaction is a compound obtained by reacting a fatty acid having 3 to 10 carbon atoms with PEG and glucose, preferably a compound having the following structural formula: n is an integer from 1 to 200.

[0123] (31) The complex according to Technical Solution 17, wherein the compound obtained from the reaction is any one or more than two compounds having a thioether bond and having the following structural formulas obtained by reacting a fatty acid, N-hydroxybutenylimide with albumin:

[0124] (32) The complex according to Technical Solution 18, wherein the compound obtained by the reaction is any one or two or more compounds obtained by reacting fatty acid, cystamine and dextran and having any of the following structural formulas:

[0125] (33) The complex according to Technical Solution 18, wherein the compound obtained by the reaction is a compound obtained by reacting fatty acid, cystamine and hyaluronic acid and having any one or two or more of the following structural formulas:

[0126] (34) The complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 1-8, which is a compound obtained by reacting a surfactant having a carbon chain with 3-30 carbon atoms with a dibasic fatty acid or a polybasic fatty acid, an amino acid, a targeting protein, a targeting polypeptide, a targeting polysaccharide and / or a targeting polysaccharide; or it is a mixture of the compound obtained by the above reaction, the unreacted surfactant and / or the unreacted dibasic fatty acid or polybasic fatty acid, amino acid, targeting protein, targeting polypeptide and / or targeting polysaccharide.

[0127] (35) The complex according to Technical Solution 34, wherein the surfactant is selected from one or two or more of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester, alkyl glycoside, fatty acid sucrose ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, sorbitan polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, mannitol erythritol lipid and N-acyl-N-methylglucamine.

[0128] (36) The complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 1-35, wherein the microbial infection includes an infection caused by a virus.

[0129] (37) A preparation for preventing, blocking or treating microbial infection prepared with the complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 1-35.

[0130] (38) The preparation according to Technical Solution 37, wherein the preparation is a pharmaceutical preparation or an environmental disinfection preparation.

[0131] (39) The preparation according to Technical Solution 38, wherein the pharmaceutical preparation is one selected from an inhalant, a nasal spray, an injection, an oral preparation and a topical skin dosage form.

[0132] (40) Use of the complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 1-35 in the preparation of a pharmaceutical preparation for preventing, blocking and / or treating microbial infection.

[0133] (41) The application according to technical solution 40, wherein the microorganism is any one or more than two selected from the group consisting of virus, bacterium, fungus, chlamydia or mycoplasma.

[0134] (42) The application according to technical solution 41, wherein the virus is an enveloped virus; and / or a non-enveloped virus.

[0135] (43) The application according to technical solution 42, wherein the enveloped virus is one or more than two selected from the group consisting of coronavirus, influenza virus, human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, herpes virus, Zika virus, dengue virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, Ebola virus, rabies virus, and / or hantavirus; the non-enveloped virus is two or more selected from the group consisting of hepatitis A virus, human papillomavirus, poliovirus, and / or coxsackievirus.

[0136] (44) The application according to technical solution 43, wherein the virus is any one or more than two selected from the group consisting of coronavirus, human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, herpes virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, rabies virus, human papillomavirus, and Ebola virus.

[0137] (45) The application according to technical solution 41, wherein the bacterium is a Gram-positive bacterium and / or a Gram-negative bacterium, the fungus is a pathogenic fungus and / or a conditionally pathogenic fungus; the chlamydia is Chlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and / or Chlamydia psittaci; the mycoplasma includes Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis, and / or Mycoplasma genitalium.

[0138] (46) The application according to technical solution 41, wherein the bacterium is selected from one or more than two of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; the fungus is selected from one or more than two of Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Actinomyces viscosus, Chaetomium globosum, Aspergillus verruculosus, and Microsporum canis.

[0139] (47) The application according to technical solution 41, wherein the virus is selected from one or more than two of H7N9 influenza virus, H5N1 influenza virus, HIV virus, novel coronavirus, HPV virus, and rabies virus.

[0140] (48) The preparation method of the complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 1-35, which is obtained by reacting a compound having a saturated and / or unsaturated carbon chain with a branched, cyclic structure and / or straight-chain structure and being lipophilic with a water-soluble molecule, and a protein, polypeptide, amino acid, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide and / or polysaccharide molecule that can bind to the microbial lipid membrane, viral surface domain or cell wall added as needed, and a linker molecule added as needed, in the presence of a catalyst.

[0141] (49) The preparation method of the complex according to Technical Solution 48, wherein the complex is a product obtained by purifying the compound obtained by the reaction.

[0142] (50) The preparation method of the complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 1-35, which is obtained by physically mixing a compound having a saturated and / or unsaturated carbon chain with a branched, cyclic structure and / or straight-chain structure and being lipophilic with a water-soluble molecule, and a protein, polypeptide, amino acid, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide and / or polysaccharide molecule that can bind to the microbial lipid membrane, microbial surface domain or cell wall added as needed.

[0143] (51) The preparation method of the complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 1-35, which is obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3-100 carbon atoms with any one of a protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, disaccharide, nucleotide, vitamin, water-soluble polymer, water-soluble polyamino acid and / or polysaccharide in the presence of a catalyst.

[0144] (52) The preparation method of the complex according to Technical Solution 51, wherein the complex is a product obtained by purifying the compound obtained by the reaction. (53) The preparation method of the complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 1-35, which is obtained by directly physically mixing a complex formed by physical and chemical interaction between a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3-100 carbon atoms and a protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, disaccharide, nucleotide, vitamin, water-soluble polymer, water-soluble polyamino acid and / or polysaccharide molecule.

[0145] In addition, the present invention provides the following third set of technical solutions: (1) A complex capable of preventing, blocking and / or treating viral or bacterial infections, comprising an active part, a binding part and a water-soluble part, wherein the virus is one or more viruses selected from the group consisting of novel coronavirus, influenza virus, HIV, hepatitis B virus, human herpesvirus, Ebola virus, rabies virus and human papillomavirus, and the bacterium is one or more bacteria selected from the group consisting of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; It is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms with at least one selected from the group consisting of proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids and polysaccharide molecules; or it is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 50 carbon atoms with at least one selected from the group consisting of proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids and polysaccharide molecules, and a mixture of the unreacted fatty acid and / or the unreacted proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids and / or polysaccharide molecules. (2) The complex according to Technical Solution 1, wherein the number of carbon atoms is 3 to 48. (3) The complex according to Technical Solution 1, wherein the number of carbon atoms is 3 to 26. (4) The complex according to Technical Solution 1, wherein the complex is a complex formed by a fatty acid having 3 to 50 carbon atoms linked to a targeting polypeptide; or the complex is a complex formed by a fatty acid having 3 to 50 carbon atoms, a targeting polypeptide and PEG. (5) The complex according to Technical Solution 1, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is selected from saturated fatty acids or unsaturated fatty acids having 3 to 50 carbon atoms, and the fatty acid is a fatty acid or amino acid containing double bonds, triple bonds, hydroxyl groups, amino groups and / or being oxo, and is a monobasic acid, dibasic acid or polybasic acid. (6) The complex according to Technical Solution 1 or 4, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is selected from saturated fatty acids having 3 to 46 carbon atoms, monoenoic acids having 3 to 34 carbon atoms, dienoic acids having 5 to 30 carbon atoms, trienoic acids having 7 to 30 carbon atoms, tetraenoic acids having 12 to 38 carbon atoms, pentaenoic acids having 12 to 38 carbon atoms, hexaenoic acids having 22 to 38 carbon atoms, alkynoic acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, diynoic acids having 10 to 22 carbon atoms, triynoic acids having 12 to 22 carbon atoms, enynoic acids having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, fatty acids having 3 to 30 carbon atoms in the main chain and 1 to 10 carbon atoms and / or 1 to 3 hydroxyl groups in the side chain, saturated straight-chain and branched-chain dicarboxylic acids and tricarboxylic acids having 3 to 38 carbon atoms and unsaturated straight-chain or branched-chain dicarboxylic acids and tricarboxylic acids having 4 to 18 carbon atoms that can be substituted by hydroxyl groups, carboxylic acids substituted by amino, hydroxyl, oxo and / or methyl groups having 3 to 18 carbon atoms, N-acyl amino acids having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, amino acids containing two or more acyl groups, and one or more than two of polycarboxylic acids linked by thioether bonds and amide bonds. (7) The complex according to Technical Solution 1 or 4, wherein the saturated / or unsaturated fatty acid is selected from one or more than two of fumaric acid, octanoic acid, glutaconic acid, hexanoic acid, nonanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, pentacosanoic acid, heptanoic acid, decanoic acid, dodecenoic acid, tetradecenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, octacosanoic acid, or carbon chain residues formed thereby. (8) The complex according to Technical Solution 4, wherein the targeting polypeptide includes any one of proteins or neutralizing antibody fragments that specifically target microbial lipid membranes, bacterial and fungal cell walls, and viral surface protein domains. (9) The complex according to Technical Solution 1, which is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms with at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, and oligopeptides; or it is a mixture of a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms with at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, and oligopeptides, and unreacted fatty acids and / or at least one unreacted selected from proteins, polypeptides, and oligopeptides. (10) The complex according to Technical Solution 1, which is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, PEG with at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, and oligopeptides; or it is a mixture of a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, PEG with at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, and oligopeptides, and unreacted fatty acid, unreacted PEG, and / or unreacted at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, and oligopeptides. (11) The complex according to Technical Solution 1, which is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms with at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, and oligosaccharides; or it is a mixture of a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms with at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, and oligosaccharides, and unreacted fatty acid and / or unreacted polysaccharide, monosaccharide, disaccharide, and / or oligosaccharide. (12) The complex according to Technical Solution 1, which is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, PEG with at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, and oligosaccharides; or it is a mixture of a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, PEG with at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, and oligosaccharides, and unreacted fatty acid, unreacted PEG, and / or unreacted polysaccharide, monosaccharide, disaccharide, and / or oligosaccharide. (13) The complex according to Technical Solution 1, 9, or 10, wherein the protein is selected from one or more of serum albumin, immunoglobulin, water-soluble collagen, chaperone protein, water-soluble glycoprotein, and CD14. (14) The complex according to Technical Solution 1, 11, or 12, wherein the polysaccharide is selected from one or more of dextran and / or hyaluronic acid, sialic acid, heparin sulfate, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, acetyl water-soluble cellulose derivative, β-cyclodextrin and its derivatives, and water-soluble chitosan derivatives. (15) The complex according to Technical Solution 1, which is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, a linker with a protein containing a thiol group; or it is a mixture of the compound obtained by the above reaction, unreacted fatty acid, unreacted linker, and / or unreacted protein containing a thiol group; wherein the linker is one or more of amino acid, succinic acid, butenedioic acid, pentenedioic acid, hexanediamic acid, carbamate, short peptide, N-hydroxybutenylimide, polyethylene glycol, and derivatives of the above compounds. (16) The complex according to Technical Solution 15, wherein the complex is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, N-hydroxybutenimide with a protein containing a thiol group; or a mixture of the compound obtained by the above reaction, unreacted fatty acid, unreacted N-hydroxybutenimide and / or unreacted protein containing a thiol group. (17) The complex according to Technical Solution 1, which is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, cystamine with at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and oligosaccharides; or a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 50 carbon atoms, cystamine with at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and oligosaccharides, and a mixture of unreacted fatty acid, unreacted at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and oligosaccharides and / or unreacted cystamine. (18) The complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 1 to 17, wherein the compound obtained by the reaction contains one or more groups selected from amide group, ester group, thioether group or ether group, and these groups serve as the connecting part between the water-soluble part and the acting part. (19) The complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 9 to 18, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid has 3 to 50 carbon atoms. (20) The complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 9 to 18, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is a fatty acid having 3 to 40 carbon atoms and 1 to 8 C═C double bonds, a fatty acid having 1 to 7 C═C double bonds, a fatty acid having 1 to 6 double bonds, a fatty acid having 1 to 5 double bonds, a fatty acid having 1 to 4 double bonds, a fatty acid having 1 to 3 double bonds, or a fatty acid having 1 to 2 double bonds. (21) The complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 9 to 18, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is a fatty acid having 1 to 6 double bonds and 3 to 30 carbon atoms. (22) The complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 9 to 18, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid has 3 to 30 carbon atoms. (23) The complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 9 to 18, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is selected from one or more fatty acids including fumaric acid, octanoic acid, glutaconic acid, hexanoic acid, nonanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, pentacosanoic acid, heptanoic acid, decanoic acid, dodecenoic acid, tetradecenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and octacosanoic acid. (24) The complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 9-18, wherein the protein is human serum albumin or bovine serum albumin, or CD14; or the polysaccharide is dextran and / or hyaluronic acid. (25) The complex according to Technical Solution 9, wherein the compound obtained from the reaction is a compound obtained from the reaction of a fatty acid with albumin or SBP1, and has any one or two or more of the following structural formulas: (26) The complex according to Technical Solution 11, wherein the compound obtained from the reaction is any one or two or more of the compounds having the following structural formulas obtained from the reaction of a fatty acid with dextran: (27) The complex according to Technical Solution 11, wherein the compound obtained from the reaction is any one or two or more of the compounds having the following structural formulas obtained from the reaction of a fatty acid with hyaluronic acid: n is an integer from 1 to 2000. (28) The complex according to Technical Solution 12, wherein the compound obtained from the reaction is a compound obtained from the reaction of a fatty acid having 3 to 10 carbon atoms with PEG and glucose. (29) The compound obtained from the reaction in the complex according to Technical Solution 28 has the following structural formula: n is an integer from 1 to 200. (30) The complex according to Technical Solution 15, wherein the compound obtained from the reaction is any one or two or more of the compounds having a thioether bond and the following structural formulas obtained from the reaction of a fatty acid, N-hydroxybutenylimide with albumin: (31) The complex according to Technical Solution 17, wherein the compound obtained from the reaction is any one or more than two compounds with the following structural formula obtained by reacting fatty acid, cystamine and dextran: (32) The complex according to Technical Solution 17, wherein the compound obtained from the reaction is any one or more than two compounds with the following structural formula obtained by reacting fatty acid, cystamine and hyaluronic acid: (33) A preparation for preventing, blocking or treating microbial infection prepared from the complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 1-32. (34) The preparation according to Technical Solution 33, wherein the preparation is a pharmaceutical preparation or an environmental disinfection preparation. (35) The preparation according to Technical Solution 34, wherein the pharmaceutical preparation is one selected from the group consisting of inhalants, nasal sprays, injections, oral preparations and topical skin dosage forms. (36) Use of the complex according to any one of Technical Solutions 1-32 in the preparation of a pharmaceutical preparation for preventing, blocking and / or treating microbial infection or an environmental microbial disinfection reagent. (37) The use according to Technical Solution 36, wherein the microorganism is any one or two selected from the group consisting of viruses and bacteria. (38) The use according to Technical Solution 37, wherein the virus is an enveloped virus; and / or a non-enveloped virus. (39) The use according to Technical Solution 37, wherein the virus is one or more than two viruses selected from the group consisting of novel coronavirus, influenza virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus, human herpesvirus, Ebola virus, rabies virus and human papillomavirus (HPV), and the bacteria are one or more than two bacteria selected from the group consisting of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (40) The application according to technical solution 37, wherein the virus is selected from one or more of H7N9 influenza virus, H5N1 influenza virus, HIV virus, novel coronavirus, HPV virus, and rabies virus. (41) The preparation method of the complex according to any one of technical solutions 1-32, by reacting a fatty acid having a lipophilic branched, cyclic structure, and / or straight-chain structure of saturated and / or unsaturated carbon chains with a water-soluble molecule, and a protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, and / or polysaccharide molecule that can bind to the microbial lipid membrane, microbial surface domain, or cell wall as needed, and a linker molecule as needed, in the presence of a catalyst to obtain the complex. (42) The preparation method of the complex according to technical solution 41, wherein the complex is a product obtained by purifying the compound obtained by the reaction. (43) The preparation method of the complex according to any one of technical solutions 1-32, by physically mixing a fatty acid having a lipophilic branched, cyclic structure, and / or straight-chain structure of saturated and / or unsaturated carbon chains with a water-soluble molecule, and a protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, and / or polysaccharide molecule that can bind to the microbial lipid membrane, virus surface domain, or cell wall as needed to obtain the complex. (44) The preparation method of the complex according to any one of technical solutions 1-32, by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid containing 3-100 carbon atoms with any one of proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids, and / or polysaccharides in the presence of a catalyst to obtain the complex. (45) The preparation method of the complex according to technical solution 44, wherein the complex is a product obtained by purifying the compound obtained by the reaction. (46) The preparation method of the complex according to any one of technical solutions 1-32, by using a complex obtained by physically and chemically combining a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid containing 3-100 carbon atoms with a protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, disaccharide, nucleotide, vitamin, water-soluble polymer, water-soluble polyamino acid, and / or polysaccharide molecule or directly physically mixing them to obtain the complex.

[0146] The application of the complex of the present invention with the efficacy of preventing and treating virus, bacteria, and fungal infections and its preparations in preventing or treating various virus, bacteria, and fungal infectious diseases; the specific application methods include: It can be used before infection to prevent virus, bacteria, and fungal infections; It can be used after infection to kill viruses, bacteria, and fungi in the body; and It can be used to disinfect articles and the environment to prevent the spread of viruses, bacteria, and fungi.

[0147] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The effect of the complex provided by the present invention on viruses is not affected by virus mutation The target of the complex provided by the present invention is the basic structure of the virus - the envelope and the nucleocapsid. For enveloped viruses, the complex destroys the virus envelope, causing the virus to lose its ability to infect cells; for non-enveloped viruses, the complex directly wraps the virus nucleocapsid for hydrophobic isolation, preventing the virus from infecting cells; the complex will not become ineffective due to virus mutation.

[0148] (2) The complex provided by the present invention can kill drug-resistant microorganisms without causing drug resistance in microorganisms.

[0149] Bacteria exhibit drug resistance because there are drug-resistant genes in their bodies that can express enzymes to decompose antibiotics, rendering the antibiotics ineffective. The mechanism by which the complex of the present invention kills microorganisms is different from that of antibiotics. It directly acts on the basic structure of microorganisms - the lipid membrane. By partially integrating into the lipid membrane through the acting part, it affects the lipid membrane homeostasis and destroys the cell wall and cell membrane to achieve the killing effect. Therefore, it is not affected by the enzymes that decompose antibiotics in drug-resistant bacteria.

[0150] (3) The complex provided by the present invention is safe for human cells. The virus particles, as well as the cells of bacteria and fungi, are much smaller than human cells. The complex at the therapeutic dose preferentially binds to viruses, bacteria, and fungi to produce an effect. Verified by cell experiments, at the therapeutic dose, the complex has no obvious effect on the cell membrane. The complex is safe for human cells.

[0151] (4) The complex provided by the present invention can play a role in different regions according to its molecular size; the large-molecule complex can remain on the surface of the respiratory mucosa or in the blood circulation, inactivating viruses, bacteria, or fungi in the first time and preventing the spread of viruses, bacteria, or fungi in the body. The large-molecule complex cannot enter normal tissues and can only enter the inflammatory sites after virus, bacteria, or fungal infections; while the small-molecule complex can cross the blood vessel wall and enter the tissue space and interstitial fluid to target and kill viruses, bacteria, or fungi.

[0152] (5) Fatty acids, fatty alcohols, fat-soluble vitamins, steroids, etc. are insoluble in water or have extremely low water solubility and cannot be directly injected into the human body. Direct injection into the vein will cause pulmonary embolism; the absorption of fatty acids in food is absorbed by the human body in the form of an emulsion. Through the lymphatic system, it passes through lymphatic vessels and the thoracic duct and returns to the blood circulation in the form of chylomicrons. Moreover, fatty acids are encapsulated in the emulsion in the form of non-covalent binding to proteins. In this form, the hydrophobic groups are encapsulated inside and cannot contact the infected viruses and bacteria, so it cannot play a role in sterilization and antiviral. By converting fat-soluble hydrophobic compounds into aqueous compounds with high affinity for pathogenic microorganisms, the above problems can be avoided. Description of the Drawings

[0153] Figure 1 Comparison diagram of the infrared spectra of linolenic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 1; Figure 2 Coomassie brilliant blue staining result diagram of fumaric acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 1; Figure 3A Mass spectrometry analysis diagram of linolenic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 1; Figure 3B Site analysis diagram of albumin modified with linolenic acid prepared in Example 1; Figure 4A Mass spectrometry analysis diagram of docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 1; Figure 4B Site analysis diagram of albumin modified with docosahexaenoic acid prepared in Example 1; Figure 5 Mass spectrometry diagram of oleic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 2; Figure 6 Site analysis diagram of serum albumin modified with oleic acid in the compound prepared in Example 2; Figure 7 Comparison diagram of the infrared spectra of eicosapentaenoic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 3; Figure 8 Mass spectrometry diagram of eicosapentaenoic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 4; Figure 9 Site analysis diagram of serum albumin modified with eicosapentaenoic acid in the compound prepared in Example 4; Figure 10 Mass spectrometry diagram of linoleic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 5; Figure 11 Site analysis diagram of serum albumin modified with linoleic acid in the compound prepared in Example 5; Figure 12Comparison diagram of infrared spectra of docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 6; Figure 13 Mass spectrum of docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 6; Figure 14 Site analysis diagram of docosahexaenoic acid-modified serum albumin in the compound prepared in Example 6; Figure 15 Comparison diagram of infrared spectra of linoleic acid-hyaluronic acid prepared in Example 7; Figure 16 Comparison diagram of infrared spectra of docosahexaenoic acid-hyaluronic acid prepared in Example 8; Figure 17 Comparison diagram of infrared spectra of fatty acid-SBP1 prepared in Example 9; Figure 18 Comparison diagram of infrared spectra of 9-tetradecenoic acid-SBP1 prepared in Example 10; Figure 19 Infrared spectrum of octane saturated carbon chain-glucose complex prepared in Example 14; Figure 20 Antibacterial result diagram of octane saturated carbon chain-glucose complex prepared in Example 14; Figure 21 Infrared spectrum of octane saturated carbon chain-sucrose complex prepared in Example 15; Figure 22 Antibacterial result diagram of octane saturated carbon chain-sucrose complex prepared in Example 15; Figure 23 Infrared spectrum of fatty acid-adenosine monophosphate complex prepared in Example 16; Figure 24 Antibacterial result diagram of octane saturated carbon chain-adenosine monophosphate complex prepared in Example 16; Figure 25 Infrared spectrum of octane saturated carbon chain-ascorbic acid complex prepared in Example 17; Figure 26 Antibacterial result diagram of octane saturated carbon chain-ascorbic acid complex prepared in Example 17; Figure 27 Infrared spectrum of octane saturated carbon chain-polyethylene glycol 400-COOH complex prepared in Example 18; Figure 28 Antibacterial result diagram of octane saturated carbon chain-polyethylene glycol 400-COOH complex prepared in Example 18; Figure 29 Image of ethyl oleate liposome prepared in (1) of Example 19 under transmission electron microscope; Figure 30 The image of the linoleic acid liposome prepared in (2) of Example 19 under a transmission electron microscope; Figure 31 The injection of linolenic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 20; Figure 32 The particle size distribution of the linolenic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 20 measured by a Malvern particle size analyzer, Figure 33 The image of the linolenic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 20 under a transmission electron microscope; Figure 34 The freeze-dried powder injection of linoleic acid-hyaluronic acid prepared in Example 21, Figure 35 The freeze-dried powder injection of docosahexaenoic acid-hyaluronic acid prepared in Example 21; Figure 36 The image of the linoleic acid-hyaluronic acid freeze-dried powder redissolved in water prepared in Example 21 under a transmission electron microscope; Figure 37 The particle size distribution of the linoleic acid-hyaluronic acid freeze-dried powder redissolved in water prepared in Example 21 measured by a Malvern particle size analyzer; Figure 38 The freeze-dried powder preparation of the dodecanoic acid aspartic acid complex liposome prepared in Example 22; Figure 39 The scanning electron microscope image of the freeze-dried powder preparation of the dodecanoic acid aspartic acid complex liposome prepared in Example 22; Figure 40 The particle size distribution diagram of the freeze-dried powder preparation of the dodecanoic acid aspartic acid complex liposome prepared in Example 22 after redissolving in water; Figure 41 The potential distribution diagram of the freeze-dried powder preparation of the dodecanoic acid aspartic acid complex liposome prepared in Example 22; Figure 42 The transmission electron microscope image of the eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester injection prepared in Example 23; Figure 43 The particle size distribution diagram of the eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester injection prepared in Example 23; Figure 44 The potential distribution diagram of the eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester injection prepared in Example 23; Figure 45 The image of the docosahexaenoic acid-SBP1 under a transmission electron microscope prepared in Example 24; Figure 46 The particle size distribution of the docosahexaenoic acid-SBP1 prepared in Example 24 measured by a Malvern particle size analyzer; Figure 47Product pictures of polypeptide SBP1 grafted with different ω-3 fatty acids (ALA: linolenic acid, EPA: eicosapentaenoic acid, DHA: docosahexaenoic acid) prepared in Example 24; Figure 48 Transmission electron microscope pictures of the reconstituted product of the CD14 protein grafted with dodecenoic acid freeze-dried injection prepared in Example 25; Figure 49 Transmission electron microscope pictures of the reconstituted product of the CD14 protein grafted with tetradecenoic acid freeze-dried injection prepared in Example 25; Figure 50 Transmission electron microscope pictures of the reconstituted product of the CD14 protein grafted with eicosapentaenoic acid freeze-dried injection prepared in Example 25; Figure 51 Results pictures of the VERO E6 cell safety experiment of octane saturated carbon chain-threonine prepared in Example 29; Figure 52 Results pictures of the VERO E6 cell safety experiment of octane saturated carbon chain-serine prepared in Example 29; Figure 53 Results pictures of the VERO E6 cell safety experiment of octadecene monounsaturated carbon chain-serine prepared in Example 29; Figure 54 Results pictures of the VERO E6 cell safety experiment of octadecene monounsaturated carbon chain-threonine prepared in Example 29; Figure 55 Results pictures of the VERO E6 cell safety experiment of docosahexaenoic acid polyunsaturated carbon chain-threonine prepared in Example 29; Figure 56 Results pictures of the VERO E6 cell safety experiment of eicosapentaenoic acid polyunsaturated carbon chain-serine prepared in Example 29; Figure 57 Results pictures of the VERO E6 cell safety experiment of octadecene monounsaturated carbon chain-lysine prepared in Example 29; Figure 58 Results pictures of the VERO E6 cell safety experiment of docosahexaenoic acid polyunsaturated carbon chain-lysine prepared in Example 29; Figure 59 Results pictures of the VERO E6 cell safety experiment of octadecene polyunsaturated carbon chain-threonine prepared in Example 29; Figure 60 Results pictures of the VERO E6 cell safety experiment of octane saturated carbon chain-5'-adenosine monophosphate-tetracarbon unsaturated carbon chain-carboxyl prepared in Example 29; Figure 61Graph of the VERO E6 cell safety experiment results of N-octyl-N-methylglucamine in Example 29; Figure 62 Graph of the VERO E6 cell safety experiment results of N-nonyl-N-methylglucamine in Example 29; Figure 63 Graph of the antibacterial results of octane saturated carbon chain-threonine prepared in Example 30 against Staphylococcus aureus; Figure 64 Graph of the antibacterial results of octane saturated carbon chain-serine prepared in Example 30 against Staphylococcus aureus; Figure 65 Graph of the antibacterial results of octadecene monounsaturated carbon chain-serine prepared in Example 30 against Staphylococcus aureus; Figure 66 Graph of the antibacterial results of octadecene monounsaturated carbon chain-threonine prepared in Example 30 against Staphylococcus aureus; Figure 67 Graph of the antibacterial results of docosapolyenoic carbon chain-threonine prepared in Example 30 against Staphylococcus aureus; Figure 68 Graph of the antibacterial results of docosapolyenoic carbon chain-serine prepared in Example 30 against Staphylococcus aureus; Figure 69 Graph of the antibacterial results of octadecene monounsaturated carbon chain-lysine prepared in Example 30 against Staphylococcus aureus; Figure 70 Graph of the antibacterial results of docosapolyenoic carbon chain-lysine prepared in Example 30 against Staphylococcus aureus; Figure 71 Graph of the antibacterial results of octadecapolyenoic carbon chain-threonine prepared in Example 30 against Staphylococcus aureus; Figure 72 Graph of the antibacterial results of octane saturated carbon chain-5'-adenylic acid-tetracarbon unsaturated carbon chain-carboxyl prepared in Example 30 against Staphylococcus aureus; Figure 73 Graph of the antibacterial results of N-octyl-N-methylglucamine in Example 30 against Staphylococcus aureus; Figure 74 Graph of the antibacterial results of N-nonyl-N-methylglucamine in Example 30 against Staphylococcus aureus; Figure 75 Graph of the cytotoxicity detection results of ω-3 fatty acid-serum albumin complex on VERO E6 cells in Example 32; Figure 76 Graph of the cytotoxicity detection results of fatty acid-serum albumin complex on hepatocytes in Example 33; Figure 77 Results of the cytotoxicity test of carboxyl-octacarbon unsaturated carbon chain-taurocholic acid on VERO-E6 cells in Example 34; Figure 78 Graph showing the results of liver and kidney functions in the animal safety test in (1) of Example 35; Figure 79 Graph showing the results of liver and kidney functions in the animal safety test in (2) of Example 35; Figure 80 Graph showing the results of liver and kidney functions in the animal safety test in (3) of Example 35; Figure 81 Graph showing the results of liver and kidney functions in the animal safety test in (4) of Example 35; Figure 82 Graph showing the results of liver and kidney functions in the animal safety test in (5) of Example 35; Figure 83 Graph showing the results of the hemolysis experiment in the animal safety test in (6) of Example 35; Figure 84 Neutralization inhibition rate of fatty acid (ω-3 fatty acid)-serum albumin complex on SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus in Example 36; Figure 85 Neutralization inhibition rate of hexacosenoic acid-cyclodextrin inclusion complex on rabies pseudovirus in Example 37; Figure 86 Neutralization inhibition rate of docosahexaenoic acid-SBP1 complex on SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus in Example 38; Figure 87 Neutralization inhibition rate of hexanoic acid-hyaluronic acid complex on HIV pseudovirus HIV18A-41 in Example 39; Figure 88 Neutralization inhibition rate of nonanoic acid-hyaluronic acid complex on influenza pseudovirus H7N9-Fluc in Example 40; Figure 89 Neutralization inhibition rate of stearic acid-serum albumin complex on HIV pseudovirus in Example 41; Figure 90 Neutralization inhibition rate of arachidic acid-hyaluronic acid complex on H7N9-Fluc pseudovirus in Example 42; Figure 91 Neutralization inhibition rate of octacosanoic acid-serum albumin complex on H5N1-Fluc pseudovirus in Example 43; Figure 92 Results of transfection of hepatocytes with lentivirus derived from HIV after pretreatment with fatty acid-serum albumin complex in Example 44; Figure 93 Transmission electron micrograph of SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus after treatment in Example 45; Figure 94 Schematic diagram of the hydrophobic isolation process of the "carbon chain functional part + small molecule water-soluble part / binding part" complex against human papillomavirus in Example 46; Figure 95 Process of in vitro simulation of N-octyl-N-methylglucosamine encapsulating and loading protein particles containing L1 protein in Example 46; Figure 96 Neutralization inhibition rate of docosahexaenoic acid conjugated serine against HPV pseudovirus in Example 47; Figure 97 Results graph of antibacterial activity (against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) of docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin complexes with different concentrations prepared in Example 48; Figure 98 Results graph of antibacterial activity (against Escherichia coli) of docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin complexes with different concentrations prepared in Example 48; Figure 99 Observation of the structural changes of Escherichia coli under scanning electron microscopy after the action of the docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin complex prepared in Example 48; Figure 100 Observation of the structural changes of Staphylococcus aureus under scanning electron microscopy after the action of the docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin complex prepared in Example 48; Figure 101 Observation of the phenomenon of membrane detachment of Staphylococcus aureus under transmission electron microscopy after the action of the docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin complex prepared in Example 48; Figure 102 Comparison results of the binding rates of docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin complex to SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and hepatic stellate cells in Example 49; Figure 103 Results graph of the residence time of docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin complex in the lungs in Example 50; Figure 104 Results graph of the residence time of eicosapentaenoic acid-hyaluronic acid complex in the lungs in Example 50; Figure 105 Results graph of the animal experiment of docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin complex in Example 51; Figure 106 Results graph of the animal pulmonary administration experiment of eicosapentaenoic acid-hyaluronic acid complex in Example 51.

[0154] Figure 107 Results graph of the pulmonary fluorescence in the animal experiment of oral administration of the small molecule complex in Example 52.

[0155] Figure 108It is a graph showing the analysis result of the average fluorescence value of ImageJ in the lungs of animals administered with the small molecule complex orally in Example 52. Detailed implementation mode

[0157] The object of the present invention is to provide a complex for preventing, blocking or treating microbial infections.

[0158] Specifically, the complex of the present invention includes an action part, a binding part and a water-soluble part.

[0159] The action part is a lipophilic hydrophobic carbon chain, which can exist in the form of a molecule or a residue of a molecule, and the carbon chain is a saturated and / or unsaturated carbon chain with a branched and / or straight-chain structure, which can insert / incorporate into the lipid membrane of microorganisms, thereby destroying the lipid membrane structure, or encapsulating non-enveloped viruses to hydrophobically isolate the viruses; The binding part can be a molecule or a residue of a molecule, which binds to the lipid membrane of microorganisms, surface proteins of microorganisms, surface polysaccharides of microorganisms or cell wall components (including polysaccharides or proteins), or can bind to polysaccharides, proteins or polypeptides in microorganisms, so that the complex is connected to the lipid membrane of microorganisms or the surface of viruses.

[0160] The water-soluble part is a water-soluble molecule or a residue of a molecule, containing water-soluble groups, which can endow the complex with water solubility, so that the complex can be uniformly dispersed in an aqueous solution and prevent the lipophilic hydrophobic groups from aggregating into clusters, and prevent the lipophilic hydrophobic groups of the complex from aggregating into clusters in an aqueous solution or blood to form lipid droplets.

[0161] More specifically, the action part is a lipophilic hydrophobic carbon chain with a branched, cyclic structure and / or straight-chain, saturated and / or unsaturated carbon chain, the carbon chain is a molecule or a residue of a molecule, and the carbon chain is a carbon chain with 3-100 carbon atoms; The water-soluble part is a water-soluble molecule or a residue of a molecule, the molecule contains one or more groups selected from amide group, phosphoryloxy group, carboxyl group, phosphate group, sulfonic acid group, sulfonyloxy group, hydroxyl group, quaternary ammonium group, thioether group, disulfide bond, ether group, mercapto group, amine group, amino group, ureido group, guanidine group, and the water-soluble part can be a group connected to the carbon chain as the action part; The binding moiety is a molecule or a residue of a molecule that can bind to a microbial lipid membrane, a microbial surface protein, a microbial surface polysaccharide, or a cell wall component, or can bind to a polysaccharide, protein, or polypeptide in a microorganism. The binding moiety may be the same as the water-soluble moiety, i.e., a protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, and / or polysaccharide molecule or its residue that can bind to a microbial lipid membrane and a surface domain; the binding moiety may also be the same as the water-soluble moiety, i.e., a moiety that retains one or more groups of free carboxyl, phosphate, sulfonic acid, hydroxyl, mercapto, amine, amino, ureido, or guanidyl groups after forming a complex; in some cases, the binding moiety may be a di- or poly-fatty acid, a lipophilic amino acid molecule or its residue that binds to a microbial lipid membrane and a surface domain. In such cases, the carboxylic acid groups and amino acid groups in these di- or poly-fatty acids, or lipophilic amino acid molecules or residues substantially play a binding role.

[0162] Specifically, the active moiety is a lipophilic carbon chain, including saturated or unsaturated carbon chains with branched and cyclic structures; preferably, the active moiety is selected from saturated and / or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, saturated and / or unsaturated fatty alcohols or oxo-fatty alcohols, saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids, hydrophobic amino acids, lipophilic vitamins, steroid lipids, phospholipids, sphingomyelins, glycolipids, and a carbon chain or a carbon chain residue formed by a surfactant with 3 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 3 to 26 carbon atoms; preferably, the number of carbon atoms is 3 to 26. The water-soluble moiety is a water-soluble molecule or a residue of a molecule containing one or more groups selected from mercapto, amino, phosphate, carboxyl, sulfonic acid, hydroxyl, amine, ureido, guanidyl, and disulfide groups; the groups of the binding moiety that play a binding role (capable of binding to a microbial lipid membrane, a microbial surface protein, a microbial surface polysaccharide, or a cell wall component, or capable of binding to a polysaccharide, protein, or polypeptide in a microorganism) are one or more groups selected from mercapto, amino, phosphate, carboxyl, sulfonic acid, hydroxyl, amine, ureido, guanidyl, and disulfide groups from the water-soluble moiety or one or more groups selected from mercapto, amino, phosphate, carboxyl, sulfonic acid, hydroxyl, amine, ureido, guanidyl, and disulfide groups that provide carbon chain-carbon chain linkage.

[0163] Specifically, for the complex of the present invention, the water-soluble part is a water-soluble molecule or a residue of a molecule, including macromolecular proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids, synthetic water-soluble polymers, medium-molecular polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, oligonucleotides, synthetic water-soluble polymers of medium degree, and small molecules including amino acids, monosaccharides or disaccharides, nucleotides, water-soluble vitamins; it can also be a functional group that can increase water solubility directly bonded to the carbon chain, such as an amide group, a phosphonyloxy group, a carboxyl group, a phosphate group, a sulfonic acid group, a sulfonyloxy group, a hydroxyl group, a quaternary ammonium group, a thioether group, a disulfide bond, an ether group, a mercapto group, an aldehyde group, an ester group, an amine group, an amino group, a ureido group, a guanidine group, etc.; the water-soluble part can be a group connected to the carbon chain serving as the acting part and / or the binding part; The binding part is a molecule or a residue of a molecule (including functional groups on the molecule) that can bind to the microbial lipid membrane, microbial surface protein, microbial surface polysaccharide or cell wall component, and can be the third part of the complex, or the same as the water-soluble part, or connected to the acting part. When the binding part and the water-soluble part are the same part, such as proteins, polypeptides, polysaccharides, etc. that can bind to the microbial lipid membrane, microbial surface protein, microbial surface polysaccharide, the water-soluble part contains one selected from the group consisting of a mercapto group, an amino group, a ureido group, a guanidine group, a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group and a disulfide thioether group. In some cases, the binding part can be a dibasic fatty acid or a polybasic fatty acid, a lipophilic amino acid, etc. that can bind to the microbial lipid membrane, microbial surface protein, microbial surface polysaccharide.

[0164] Not limited by the reaction mechanism, the functional groups that play a binding role in the binding part may be a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a phosphate group, a hydroxyl group, an aldehyde group or a hydroxyl group of a hemiacetal (sugar), an amino group, a ureido group, a guanidine group, a mercapto group, etc.

[0165] 1. The following takes fatty acids as the carbon chain donor (i.e., the acting part donor) for further illustration: (1) Fatty acids are insoluble in water or have extremely low water solubility and cannot be directly injected into the blood circulation. Direct injection into the vein will cause pulmonary embolism, and injection into the artery will cause arterial embolism and tissue necrosis; (2) Fatty acids are re-esterified in intestinal cells, mixed with bile salts and monoglycerides to form 4-6 nm fat particles. These fat particles are directly absorbed by intestinal epithelial cells through pinocytosis and are coated with a layer of lecithin and protein membrane on the outside to become chylomicrons and enter the lymphatic system. Through the lymphatic vessels and the thoracic duct, they return to the blood circulation in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion. Except for a small amount of medium-chain fatty acids that exist in the peripheral blood for a short time, most of them are non-covalently bound to serum proteins and reach the liver relatively quickly through the portal vein system. In the liver, medium-chain fatty acids can quickly pass through the mitochondrial double membrane and are quickly acylated under the action of octanoyl CoA, and are hardly synthesized into fat. Excessive acetyl CoA produced by acylation undergoes various metabolic processes in the mitochondrial cytoplasm, and most of them tend to synthesize ketone bodies.

[0166] (3) Fatty acids covalently bound to large, medium, and small molecules convert fat-soluble fatty acids into water-soluble fatty acids, and they are not easily cleared and metabolized by the liver. (4) The highly water-soluble and highly affinity complex of the present invention has the effect of anti-microbial infection. In addition to the skin topical dosage form, it can also be in the form of nasal sprays, dry powder inhalers, and can even be used in intravenous injection and oral dosage forms.

[0167] 2. Complexes formed by fatty acids and water-soluble amino acids, monosaccharides or disaccharides, nucleotides, water-soluble vitamins. At this time, the carbon chain of the fatty acid is the active part, and the water-soluble amino acids, monosaccharides or disaccharides, nucleotides, water-soluble vitamins are the water-soluble parts. Connecting with the binding part constitutes the complex with anti-microbial infection effect of the present invention. The binding part can be selected from dibasic fatty acids or polybasic fatty acids, amino acids, targeting proteins, targeting polypeptides, targeting polysaccharides. Among them, dibasic fatty acids or polybasic fatty acids, fat-soluble amino acids are both the binding part and the active part; water-soluble amino acids, targeting proteins, targeting polypeptides, targeting polysaccharides are both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0168] In a specific embodiment, the complex of the present invention is selected from complexes formed by connecting fatty trienoic acids with 3-50 carbon atoms and water-soluble amino acids. For example, it can be a complex formed by connecting octadecatrienoic acid with asparagine lysine as shown below: Among them, the carbon chain of octadecatrienoic acid is the active part, and asparagine lysine is both the water-soluble part and the binding part.

[0169] 3. Complexes formed by fatty acids and proteins, polypeptides, and polysaccharides At this time, the carbon chain of the fatty acid is the active part, and the proteins or polypeptides, polysaccharides that can target the surface domain, lipid membrane or cell wall of the virus are the binding part, and also the water-soluble part.

[0170] In a specific embodiment, the complex of the present invention is selected from complexes formed by connecting fatty oleic acids with 3-50 carbon atoms and targeting polypeptides. For example, it can be a schematic structural formula of a complex formed by connecting octadecenoic acid with a targeting polypeptide as shown below. In the formula, octadecenoic acid is connected to the lysine residue in the polypeptide by an amide bond.

[0171] Among them, the carbon chain of octadecenoic acid is the active part, and the targeting polypeptide is both the water-soluble part and the binding part.

[0172] 4. In the above three cases, if the complex has poor water solubility or it is necessary to increase the molecular size of the complex, a water-soluble high molecular polymer can be added, such as fatty acid + targeting polypeptide + PEG, that is, the complex is a complex formed by the reaction of a fatty acid with 3 - 50 carbon atoms, a targeting polypeptide, and PEG.

[0173] At this time, the carbon chain of the fatty acid is the acting part, the targeting polypeptide is the binding part, and PEG is the water-soluble part.

[0174] 5. Compounds such as fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester, alkyl glycoside, fatty acid sucrose ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, sorbitan polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, mannitol erythritol lipid, N-acyl-N-methylglucosamine, etc. have fatty alcohol or fatty acid as the carbon chain donor and have good water solubility, but have weak binding effects with virus surface domains, lipid membranes or cell wall components, and a relatively high concentration is required to kill microorganisms. At this concentration, these compounds will also cause damage to human cells and are not suitable for internal use in the human body. When the above compounds are linked with a binding part to form a new complex, they have the effect of killing microorganisms at a relatively low concentration in the human body and play an anti-microbial infection role; moreover, at this therapeutic concentration, the new complex with an acting part + water-soluble part + binding part has no impact on human tissue cells and organs. The binding part can be selected from dibasic fatty acids or polybasic fatty acids, amino acids, targeting proteins, targeting polypeptides, and targeting polysaccharides. That is to say, in this case, the complex of the present invention is a complex formed by the reaction of a surfactant and one or more selected from dibasic fatty acids or polybasic fatty acids, amino acids, targeting proteins, targeting polypeptides, and targeting polysaccharides.

[0175] At this time, the carbon chain of the fatty alcohol or fatty acid is the acting part, polyoxyethylene ether (PEG), dextran, sucrose, sorbitan, mannitol erythritol, glucosamine are the water-soluble parts, and the linked dibasic fatty acids or polybasic fatty acids and lipophilic amino acids are both the binding part and the acting part, while water-soluble amino acids, targeting proteins, targeting polypeptides, and targeting polysaccharides are both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0176] Specifically, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a group of complexes that can prevent and treat virus, bacteria, and fungal infections, and its main structure is formed by coupling an acting part, a binding part, and a water-soluble part through covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds, or van der Waals forces; The functional part endows the complex with the function of destroying the microbial lipid membrane or hydrophobic isolation of non-enveloped viruses; the binding part endows the complex with the function of binding to the microbial lipid membrane or viral surface domain, and specific binding parts can also endow the complex with the function of specifically targeting microorganisms; the water-soluble part endows the complex with water solubility, enabling the complex to be uniformly dispersed in an aqueous solution and preventing hydrophobic groups from aggregating into clusters to form lipid droplets.

[0177] The lipid membrane refers to the envelope formed by the phospholipid bilayer of microorganisms; In the complex, the functional part, the binding part and the water-soluble part can be natural compounds, synthetic compounds or natural compounds conjugated with synthetic compounds; The number of groups of the same type in the complex can be 1 or more than 1; the arrangement and order of each group are not fixed; the same type or different types of groups can be linearly conjugated or conjugated in the form of side chains.

[0178] The complex can be used to prevent and treat infectious diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, chlamydia and mycoplasma.

[0179] Furthermore, the functional part is a natural or synthetic hydrophobic group, including straight-chain carbon chains, branched carbon chains, and carbon chains with cyclic structures; the carbon chains can be saturated / unsaturated carbon chains, and the unsaturated carbon chains can have one or more unsaturated bonds, where the unsaturated bonds can be double bonds or triple bonds; For microorganisms with a lipid membrane structure, such as enveloped viruses, bacteria, fungi, chlamydia and mycoplasma, the functional part can penetrate, insert into, and integrate into the lipid membrane, destroying the structural stability of the lipid membrane, and further destroying the integrity of the lipid membrane and cell wall, achieving the effect of killing microorganisms. For non-enveloped viruses, the binding part binds to the viral surface protein domain, and the functional part wraps around the surface of the non-enveloped virus, resulting in the hydrophobic isolation of the non-enveloped virus, which is then cleared by immune cells, achieving the effect of preventing and treating non-enveloped virus infections.

[0180] Furthermore, the binding part has one or more functional groups that can bind to proteins, polysaccharides or bindable domains, such as carboxyl groups, hydroxyl groups, amino groups, mercapto groups, ureido groups, guanidine groups, and can bind to proteins, polysaccharides or bindable domains on the lipid membrane or virus surface, enabling the complex to be connected to the lipid membrane or virus surface; The binding moiety can also be designed to have a molecular structure that specifically targets lipid membranes, bacterial and fungal cell wall components, and viral surface protein domains, thereby endowing the complex with the function of targeting viruses, bacteria, and fungi; the binding moiety and the hydrophilic group can be the same group, which can bind to lipid membranes, cell walls, or viral surface protein domains, and can also endow the complex with water solubility.

[0181] Furthermore, the binding moiety that can specifically target microbial lipid membranes, bacterial and fungal cell wall components, and viral surface protein domains is a protein, polypeptide, or polysaccharide, including: (1) Neutralizing antibodies that target coronavirus envelope proteins, including spike glycoprotein (S), envelope glycoprotein (E), membrane glycoprotein (M), and hemagglutinin glycoprotein (HE), as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule polypeptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains; (2) Proteins that target the envelope of human immunodeficiency virus, including neutralizing antibodies against gp120 and gp41 proteins, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule polypeptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains; (3) Neutralizing antibodies that target hepatitis B virus envelope proteins, including SHBs protein, MHBs protein, and LHBs protein, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule polypeptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains; (4) Neutralizing antibodies that target hepatitis C virus envelope proteins, including E1 and E2 proteins, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule polypeptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains; (5) Neutralizing antibodies that target rabies virus envelope proteins, including envelope glycoprotein, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule polypeptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains; (6) Neutralizing antibodies that target herpesvirus envelope proteins, including gB, gC, gD, gE, gG, and gH glycoproteins, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule polypeptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains; (7) Neutralizing antibodies that target Ebola virus envelope proteins, including envelope glycoprotein on the outer membrane of the virus, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule polypeptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains; (8) Neutralizing antibodies that target hantavirus envelope proteins, including G1 and G2 glycoproteins, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule polypeptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains; (9) Neutralizing antibodies that target dengue virus envelope proteins, including protein E and protein M, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule polypeptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains; (10) Neutralizing antibodies against the envelope proteins of Japanese encephalitis virus, including glycoprotein E (i.e., viral hemagglutinin) and protein M, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule polypeptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains; (11) Neutralizing antibodies against the envelope proteins of influenza virus, including hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule polypeptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains; (12) Neutralizing antibodies against the capsid proteins of hepatitis A virus, including VP1, VP2, VP3, and VP4 proteins, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule polypeptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains; (13) Neutralizing antibodies against the capsid proteins of human papillomavirus, including L1 and L2 proteins, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule polypeptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains; (14) Neutralizing antibodies against the capsid proteins of adenovirus, including PⅡ, PⅢ, PⅢa, PⅣ, PⅥ, PⅧ, PⅨ proteins, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule polypeptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains; (15) Neutralizing antibodies against the capsid proteins of poliovirus, including VP1, VP2, VP3, VP4 proteins, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule polypeptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains; (16) Neutralizing antibodies against the capsid proteins of coxsackievirus, including VP1, VP2, VP3, VP4 proteins, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule polypeptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains; (17) Proteins targeting the cell walls of bacteria or fungi, including CD14, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule polypeptides that can specifically bind to its domains; (18) Also includes ligands targeting enveloped viruses, bacteria, or fungal cell walls designed for low-affinity receptors (such as heparan sulfate, proteoglycans, etc.).

[0182] That is to say, for the present invention, in order to prevent, stop, or treat microbial infectious diseases, the basic structure of the complex of the present invention includes any one of the following compositions: Binding part + water-soluble part + acting part; Binding part + acting part + water-soluble part; Water-soluble part + acting part + binding part; Water-soluble part + binding part + acting part; Binding part + water-soluble part + binding part + acting part +... + XX part; Binding part + water-soluble part + acting part + water-soluble part +... + XX part; Combining part + water-soluble part + functional part + combining part + …… + XX part; Water-soluble part + combining part + functional part + combining part + …… + XX part; and Water-soluble part + functional part + combining part + functional part + …… + XX part.

[0183] Wherein, the term "XX part" refers to any one or more parts of "water-soluble part", "combining part", and "functional part".

[0184] The number of the same type of parts in the complex can be one or more, and the arrangement and order of each part are not fixed.

[0185] Furthermore, in a more specific embodiment, the structure of the complex of the present invention includes the following structure.

[0186] The small molecule water-soluble part / combining part is covalently bonded to the functional part of the medium and short chain carbon chains, and the medium and short chain carbon chains include saturated or unsaturated straight chain carbon chains, branched chain carbon chains, and carbon chains with ring structures, and can be carbon chains with 3-10 carbon atoms. The small molecule water-soluble part / combining part can be small molecules, medium molecules, and large molecules with carboxyl / hydroxyl groups, such as: Complexes formed by amino acids or monosaccharides, nucleotides with carboxyl / hydroxyl groups and carbon chains with 3-10 carbon atoms. The water solubility of such complexes is significantly improved, they are well dispersed, and do not aggregate into clusters.

[0187] In the complex formed by the large molecule water-soluble part + combining part + functional part of the long chain carbon chain (more than 10 carbon atoms), the long chain carbon chain includes saturated or unsaturated straight chain carbon chains, branched chain carbon chains, and carbon chains with ring structures, such as complexes forming the following structures: Protein / target protein + combining part + straight chain, branched chain or saturated / unsaturated carbon chain with ring structure, target small molecule + protein + combining part + straight chain, branched chain or saturated / unsaturated carbon chain with ring structure, polysaccharide + combining part + straight chain, branched chain or saturated / unsaturated carbon chain with ring structure, target small molecule + polysaccharide + combining part + straight chain, branched chain or saturated / unsaturated carbon chain with ring structure, water-soluble polymer + combining part + straight chain, branched chain or saturated / unsaturated carbon chain with ring structure, Target small molecule + water-soluble polymer + combining part + straight chain, branched chain or saturated / unsaturated carbon chain with ring structure.

[0188] Further, the complex is a derivative of covalent coupling of a water-soluble part, a combining part, and a lipid, and the construction modes include: Macromolecular water-soluble moiety / binding moiety / targeting binding moiety + lipid, Macromolecular water-soluble moiety + binding moiety / targeting binding moiety + lipid, Two or more small molecule water-soluble moieties / binding moieties / targeting binding moieties + lipid, two or more small molecule water-soluble moieties + binding moieties / targeting binding moieties + lipid.

[0189] Furthermore, the lipid includes fatty alcohols, fatty acids, phospholipids, fat-soluble vitamins, and steroid lipids; The fatty alcohols include saturated fatty alcohols, monounsaturated fatty alcohols, polyunsaturated fatty alcohols, and one or more of the above fatty alcohol derivatives; the unsaturated bonds in the carbon chain of the unsaturated fatty alcohols are double bonds or triple bonds; the carbon chain of the fatty alcohol can be a straight chain, a branched chain, or a carbon chain with a cyclic structure; The fatty acids include saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, di- or polyunsaturated fatty acids, and one or more of the above fatty acid derivatives; the unsaturated bonds in the carbon chain of the unsaturated fatty acids are double bonds or triple bonds; the carbon chain of the fatty acid can be a straight chain, a branched chain, a carbon chain with a cyclic structure, or a carbon chain with a hydroxyl group; the carboxyl group of the fatty acid can be one or more; The phospholipids include glycerophospholipids and sphingomyelins, where the glycerophospholipids include phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol, and one or more of the above phospholipid derivatives; The fat-soluble vitamins include vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K, and one or more of the above fat-soluble vitamin derivatives.

[0190] The steroids include cholesterol, lanosterol, sitosterol, stigmasterol, ergosterol, bile acids, bile alcohols, and one or more of the above steroid lipid derivatives.

[0191] Furthermore, the complex should ensure that the ratio of the molecular weight of the hydrophobic group to the molecular weight of the hydrophilic group is appropriate. If the molecular weight of the hydrophilic group is much larger than that of the hydrophobic group, it will hinder the insertion of the hydrophobic group into the biological membrane and weaken the ability of the hydrophobic group to damage the biological membrane. If the molecular weight of the hydrophilic group is significantly smaller than that of the hydrophobic group, it will cause the hydrophobic groups to aggregate into clusters, forming an oil-in-water structure, and the hydrophobic groups cannot contact the biological membrane and cannot play a destructive role.

[0192] Further, in the present invention, as the functional part, it may be a carbon chain or carbon chain residue formed by a saturated and / or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon, saturated and / or unsaturated aliphatic alcohol, and saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid, having 3 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 3 to 26 carbon atoms; preferably having 3 to 26 carbon atoms.

[0193] Among them, the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids used to provide the above carbon chain or carbon chain residue specifically include the fatty acids shown below.

[0194] Saturated fatty acids having 3 to 46 carbon atoms include: Propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, enanthic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, tridecanoic acid, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, nonadecanoic acid, arachidic acid, heneicosanoic acid, behenic acid, tricosanoic acid, lignoceric acid, pentacosanoic acid, cerotic acid, heptacosanoic acid, octacosanoic acid, nonacosanoic acid, melissic acid, hentriacontanoic acid, dotriacontanoic acid, tritriacontanoic acid, tetratriacontanoic acid, pentatriacontanoic acid, hexatriacontanoic acid, heptatriacontanoic acid, octatriacontanoic acid, nonatriacontanoic acid, hexacosanoic acid.

[0195] Monoenoic acids having 3 to 34 carbon atoms include: 2-Acrylic acid, 2-butenoic acid, 3-butenoic acid, 2-pentenoic acid, 3-pentenoic acid, 4-pentenoic acid, 2-hexenoic acid, 3-hexenoic acid, 4-hexenoic acid, 5-hexenoic acid, 2-heptenoic acid, 3-heptenoic acid, 4-heptenoic acid, 5-heptenoic acid, 6-heptenoic acid, 2-octenoic acid, 3-octenoic acid, 4-octenoic acid, 5-octenoic acid, 6-octenoic acid, 7-octenoic acid, 2-nonenoic acid, 3-nonenoic acid, 4-nonenoic acid, 6-nonenoic acid, 8-nonenoic acid, 2-decenoic acid, 3-decenoic acid, 4-decenoic acid, 5-decenoic acid, 6-decenoic acid, 8-decenoic acid, 9-decenoic acid, 2-undecenoic acid, 3-undecenoic acid, 4-undecenoic acid, 5-undecenoic acid, 6-undecenoic acid, 7-undecenoic acid, 8-undecenoic acid, 9-undecenoic acid, 10-undecenoic acid, 2-dodecenoic acid, 3-dodecenoic acid, 4-dodecenoic acid, 5-dodecenoic acid, 6-dodecenoic acid, 7-dodecenoic acid, 9-dodecenoic acid, 10-dodecenoic acid, 11-dodecenoic acid, 2-tridecenoic acid, 7-tridecenoic acid, 8-tridecenoic acid, 11-tridecenoic acid, 12-tridecenoic acid, 2-tetradecenoic acid, 3-tetradecenoic acid, 4-tetradecenoic acid, 5-tetradecenoic acid, 7-tetradecenoic acid, 8-tetradecenoic acid, 9-tetradecenoic acid, 11-tetradecenoic acid, 2-pentadecenoic acid, 6-pentadecenoic acid, 7-pentadecenoic acid, 9-pentadecenoic acid, 10-pentadecenoic acid, 14-pentadecenoic acid, 2-hexadecenoic acid, 3-hexadecenoic acid, 4-hexadecenoic acid, 5-hexadecenoic acid, 6-hexadecenoic acid, 7-hexadecenoic acid, 9-hexadecenoic acid, 10-hexadecenoic acid, 11-hexadecenoic acid, 13-hexadecenoic acid, 2-heptadecenoic acid, 3-heptadecenoic acid, 7-heptadecenoic acid, 8-heptadecenoic acid, 9-heptadecenoic acid, 10-heptadecenoic acid, 11-heptadecenoic acid, 12-heptadecenoic acid, 16-heptadecenoic acid, 2-octadecenoic acid, 3-octadecenoic acid, 4-octadecenoic acid, 5-octadecenoic acid, 6-octadecenoic acid, 7-octadecenoic acid, 8-octadecenoic acid, 9-octadecenoic acid, 10-octadecenoic acid, 11-octadecenoic acid, 12-octadecenoic acid, 13-octadecenoic acid, 14-octadecenoic acid, 15-octadecenoic acid, 16-octadecenoic acid, 17-octadecenoic acid, 2-nonadecenoic acid, 5-nonadecenoic acid, 6-nonadecenoic acid, 7-nonadecenoic acid, 9-nonadecenoic acid, 10-nonadecenoic acid, 11-nonadecenoic acid, 12-nonadecenoic acid, 13-nonadecenoic acid, 16-nonadecenoic acid, 3-eicosenoic acid, 5-eicosenoic acid, 6-eicosenoic acid, 7-eicosenoic acid, 8-eicosenoic acid, 9-eicosenoic acid, 10-eicosenoic acid, 11-eicosenoic acid, 13-eicosenoic acid, 14-eicosenoic acid, 15-eicosenoic acid, 16-eicosenoic acid, 7-henicosenoic acid, 12-henicosenoic acid, 5-docosenoic acid, 7-docosenoic acid, 9-docosenoic acid, 11-docosenoic acid, 13-docosenoic acid, 15-docosenoic acid, 19-docosenoic acid, 9-tricosenoic acid, 14-tricosenoic acid, 16-tricosenoic acid,17 - tricosenoic acid, 18 - tricosenoic acid, 22 - tricosenoic acid, 11 - tetracosenoic acid, 15 - tetracosenoic acid, 17 - tetracosenoic acid, 5 - pentacosenoic acid, 16 - pentacosenoic acid, 17 - pentacosenoic acid, 18 - pentacosenoic acid, 19 - pentacosenoic acid, 5 - hexacosenoic acid, 9 - hexacosenoic acid, 11 - hexacosenoic acid, 14 - hexacosenoic acid, 17 - hexacosenoic acid, 19 - hexacosenoic acid, 21 - hexacosenoic acid, 18 - heptacosenoic acid, 20 - heptacosenoic acid, 9 - octacosenoic acid, 11 - octacosenoic acid, 19 - octacosenoic acid, 21 - octacosenoic acid, 23 - octacosenoic acid, 20 - nonacosenoic acid, 21 - triacontenoic acid, 22 - hentriacontenoic acid, 23 - dotriacontenoic acid, 25 - tetratriacontenoic acid.,

[0196] Dienoic acids having 5 - 30 carbon atoms include: 2,4-Pentadienoic acid, 2,4-hexadienoic acid, 3,5-hexadienoic acid, 2,7-octadienoic acid, 4,7-octadienoic acid, 5,7-octadienoic acid, 2,4-nonadienoic acid, 2,6-nonadienoic acid, 5,7-nonadienoic acid, 2,4-decadienoic acid, 2,5-decadienoic acid, 2,6-decadienoic acid, 2,7-decadienoic acid, 3,5-decadienoic acid, 4,6-decadienoic acid, 4,8-decadienoic acid, 4,9-decadienoic acid, 5,8-decadienoic acid, 5,9-decadienoic acid, 6,8-decadienoic acid, 7,9-decadienoic acid, 2,4-undecadienoic acid, 2.4-dodecadienoic acid, 2,6-dodecadienoic acid, 2,8-dodecadienoic acid, 3,6-dodecadienoic acid, 5,7-dodecadienoic acid, 7,9-dodecadienoic acid, 8,10-dodecadienoic acid, 3,5-tridecadienoic acid, 2,4-tetradecadienoic acid, 3,5-tetradecadienoic acid, 5,8-tetradecadienoic acid, 6,9-tetradecadienoic acid, 10,12-tetradecadienoic acid, 2,4-hexadecadienoic acid, 3,9-hexadecadienoic acid, 4,7-hexadecadienoic acid, 5,9-hexadecadienoic acid, 6,9-hexadecadienoic acid, 7,10-hexadecadienoic acid, 8,10-hexadecadienoic acid, 9,12-hexadecadienoic acid, 10,12-hexadecadienoic acid, 8,11-heptadecadienoic acid, 9,12-heptadecadienoic acid, 2,4-octadecadienoic acid, 2,5-octadecadienoic acid, 2,6-octadecadienoic acid, 3,6-octadecadienoic acid, 3,7-octadecadienoic acid, 3,12-octadecadienoic acid, 4,7-octadecadienoic acid, 4,8-octadecadienoic acid, 4,9-octadecadienoic acid, 5,8-octadecadienoic acid, 5,9-octadecadienoic acid, 5,10-octadecadienoic acid, 5,11-octadecadienoic acid, 5,12-octadecadienoic acid, 6,8-octadecadienoic acid, 6,9-octadecadienoic acid, 6,10-octadecadienoic acid, 6,11-octadecadienoic acid, 6,12-octadecadienoic acid, 7,9-octadecadienoic acid, 7,10-octadecadienoic acid, 7,11-octadecadienoic acid, 7,12-octadecadienoic acid, 8,10-octadecadienoic acid, 8,11-octadecadienoic acid, 8,12-octadecadienoic acid, 9-11-octadecadienoic acid, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, 9,13-octadecadienoic acid, 10,12-octadecadienoic acid, 10,14-octadecadienoic acid, 5,9-nonadecadienoic acid, 10,13-nonadecadienoic acid, 5,9-eicosadienoic acid, 5,11-eicosadienoic acid, 5,13-eicosadienoic acid, 5,15-eicosadienoic acid, 6,9-eicosadienoic acid, 6,11-eicosadienoic acid, 7,11-eicosadienoic acid, 7,13-eicosadienoic acid, 7,14-eicosadienoic acid, 8,11-eicosadienoic acid, 11,13-eicosadienoic acid, 11,14-Eicosadienoic acid, 11,15-eicosadienoic acid, 5,14-henicosadienoic acid, 5,16-henicosadienoic acid, 12,15-henicosadienoic acid, 5,13-docosadienoic acid, 7,15-docosadienoic acid, 13,16-docosadienoic acid, 5,9-tetracosadienoic acid, 15,18-tetracosadienoic acid, 5,9-hexacosadienoic acid, 17,20-hexacosadienoic acid, 17,21-hexacosadienoic acid, 9,21-octacosadienoic acid, 19,23-octacosadienoic acid, 5,9-nonacosadienoic acid, 5,9-triacontadienoic acid, 9,23-triacontadienoic acid.,

[0197] Trienoic acids having 7 to 30 carbon atoms include: 2,4,6-Heptatriene, 2,6,8-decatriene, 4,7,10-hexadecatrienoic acid, 5,8,11-hexadecatrienoic acid, 6,9,12-hexadecatrienoic acid, 6,10,14-hexadecatrienoic acid, 7,10,13-hexadecatrienoic acid, 7,11,14-hexadecatrienoic acid, 9,12,15-hexadecatrienoic acid, 5,9,12-heptadecatrienoic acid, 2,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid, 3,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid, 5,8,11-octadecatrienoic acid, 5,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid, 6,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid, 6,10,14-octadecatrienoic acid, 7,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid, 8,10,12-octadecatrienoic acid, 9,11,13-octadecatrienoic acid, 9,11,14-octadecatrienoic acid, 9,12,14-octadecatrienoic acid, 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, 10,12,14-octadecatrienoic acid, 10,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, 11,13,15-octadecatrienoic acid, 2,4,8-eicosatriene, 3,6,9-eicosatriene, 5,8,11-eicosatriene, 5,8,14-eicosatriene, 5,9,14-eicosatriene, 5,9,12-eicosatriene, 5,11,14-eicosatriene, 5,13,16-eicosatriene, 7,10,13-eicosatriene, 7,11,14-eicosatriene, 8,11,14-eicosatriene, 8,12,14-eicosatriene, 9,11,14-eicosatriene, 11,14,17-eicosatriene, 5,14,17-heneicosatriene, 3,9,15-docosatriene, 5,11,17-docosatriene, 7,10,13-docosatriene, 8,11,14-docosatriene, 13,16,19-docosatriene, 15,18,21-tetracosatriene, 5,9,17-hexacosatriene, 5,9,19-hexacosatriene, 5,9,21-hexacosatriene, 5,9,20-heptacosatriene, 5,9,21-octacosatriene, 5,9,23-nonacosatriene, 5,9,23-triacontatriene, 5,9,25-triacontatriene. Tetraenoic acids with 12 - 38 carbon atoms include: 2,4,8,10-dodecatetraenoic acid, 2,6,8,10-dodecatetraenoic acid, 2,6,8,12-hexadecatetraenoic acid, 4,7,10,13-hexadecatetraenoic acid, 4,7,11,14-hexadecatetraenoic acid, 4,8,12,16-hexadecatetraenoic acid, 6,9,12,15-hexadecatetraenoic acid, 2,4,6,11-octadecatetraenoic acid, 3,9,12,15-octadecatetraenoic acid, 5,8,11,14-octadecatetraenoic acid, 5,9,12,15-octadecatetraenoic acid, 6,9,12,15-octadecatetraenoic acid, 9,11,13,15-octadecatetraenoic acid, 9,12,15,17-octadecatetraenoic acid, 2,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid, 4,7,10,13-eicosatetraenoic acid, 4,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid, 4,8,12,16-eicosatetraenoic acid, 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid, 5,11,14,17-eicosatetraenoic acid, 5,13,16,19-eicosatetraenoic acid, 6,10,14,18-eicosatetraenoic acid, 7,11,14,17-eicosatetraenoic acid, 8,11,14,17-eicosatetraenoic acid, 8,11,14,18-eicosatetraenoic acid, 4,7,10,13-docosatetraenoic acid, 7,10,13,16-docosatetraenoic acid, 8,12,16,19-docosatetraenoic acid, 2,4,6,8-tetracosatetraenoic acid, 9,12,15,18-tetracosatetraenoic acid, 11,14,17,20-hexacosatetraenoic acid, 13,16,19,22-octacosatetraenoic acid, 15,18,21,24-triacontatetraenoic acid, 17,20,23,26-dotriacontatetraenoic acid, 19,22,25,28-tetratriacontatetraenoic acid, 21,24,27,30-tetrahexacontatetraenoic acid, 23,26,29,32-octatetrahexacontatetraenoic acid.

[0198] Pentaenoic acids with 12 - 38 carbon atoms include: 3,5,7,9,11 - Dodecapentaenoic acid, 5,7,9,11,13 - Tetradecapentaenoic acid, 3,6,9,12,15 - Octadecapentaenoic acid, 2,5,8,11,14 - Eicosapentaenoic acid, 4,8,12,15,18 - Eicosapentaenoic acid, 5,7,9,14,17 - Eicosapentaenoic acid, 5,8,11,14,16 - Eicosapentaenoic acid, 5,8,11,14,17 - Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), 4,7,10,13,16 - Docosapentaenoic acid, 4,8,12,15,19 - Docosapentaenoic acid, 7,10,13,16,19 - Docosapentaenoic acid, 6,9,12,15,18 - Tetracosapentaenoic acid, 9,12,15,18,21 - Tetracosapentaenoic acid, 8,11,14,17,20 - Hexacosapentaenoic acid, 11,14,17,20,23 - Hexacosapentaenoic acid, 10,13,16,19,22 - Octacosapentaenoic acid, 13,16,19,22,25 - Octacosapentaenoic acid, 12,15,18,21,24 - Triacontapentaenoic acid, 15,18,21,24,27 - Triacontapentaenoic acid, 14,17,20,23,26 - Docosapentaenoic acid, 17,20,23,26,29 - Docosapentaenoic acid, 16,19,22,25,28 - Tetracosapentaenoic acid, 19,22,25,28,31 - Tetracosapentaenoic acid, 18,21,24,27,30 - Hexacosapentaenoic acid, 21,24,27,30,32 - Hexacosapentaenoic acid, 20,23,26,29,32 - Octacosapentaenoic acid, 23,26,29,32,35 - Octacosapentaenoic acid.

[0199] Hexaenoic acids with 22 - 38 carbon atoms include: 4,7,10,13,16,19 - Docosahexaenoic acid, 2,4,6,8,10,12 - Tetracosahexaenoic acid, 4,8,12,15,19,22 - Tetracosahexaenoic acid, 6,9,12,15,18,21 - Tetracosahexaenoic acid (THA), 8,11,14,17,20,23 - Hexacosahexaenoic acid, 10,13,16,19,22,25 - Octacosahexaenoic acid, 12,15,18,21,24,27 - Triacontahexaenoic acid, 14,17,20,23,26,29 - Docosahexaenoic acid, 16,19,22,25,28,31 - Tetracosahexaenoic acid, 18,21,24,27,30,32 - Hexacosahexaenoic acid, 20,23,26,29,32,35 - Octacosahexaenoic acid.

[0200] Alkynoic acids with 6 - 22 carbon atoms include: 3-Hexynoic acid, 4-Hexynoic acid, 5-Hexynoic acid, 3-Heptynoic acid, 4-Heptynoic acid, 6-Heptynoic acid, 2-Octynoic acid, 7-Octynoic acid, 2-Nonynoic acid, 4-Nonynoic acid, 5-Nonynoic acid, 6-Nonynoic acid, 7-Nonynoic acid, 8-Nonynoic acid, 3-Decynoic acid, 4-Decynoic acid, 5-Decynoic acid, 6-Decynoic acid, 7-Decynoic acid, 8-Decynoic acid, 9-Decynoic acid, 2-Undecynoic acid, 3-Undecynoic acid, 4-Undecynoic acid, 5-Undecynoic acid, 6-Undecynoic acid, 7-Undecynoic acid, 8-Undecynoic acid, 9-Undecynoic acid, 10-Undecynoic acid, 3-Dodecynoic acid, 4-Dodecynoic acid, 5-Dodecynoic acid, 6-Dodecynoic acid, 7-Dodecynoic acid, 8-Dodecynoic acid, 9-Dodecynoic acid, 10-Dodecynoic acid, 11-Dodecynoic acid, 3-Tridecynoic acid, 4-Tridecynoic acid, 5-Tridecynoic acid, 6-Tridecynoic acid, 7-Tridecynoic acid, 8-Tridecynoic acid, 9-Tridecynoic acid, 10-Tridecynoic acid, 11-Tridecynoic acid, 12-Tridecynoic acid, 13-Tridecynoic acid, 3-Tetradecynoic acid, 4-Tetradecynoic acid, 5-Tetradecynoic acid, 6-Tetradecynoic acid, 7-Tetradecynoic acid, 8-Tetradecynoic acid, 9-Tetradecynoic acid, 10-Tetradecynoic acid, 11-Tetradecynoic acid, 12-Tetradecynoic acid, 13-Tetradecynoic acid, 3-Pentadecynoic acid, 14-Pentadecynoic acid, 2-Hexadecynoic acid, 4-Hexadecynoic acid, 7-Hexadecynoic acid, 10-Hexadecynoic acid, 7-Heptadecynoic acid, 8-Heptadecynoic acid, 9-Heptadecynoic acid, 12-Heptadecynoic acid, 16-Heptadecynoic acid, 2-Octadecynoic acid, 3-Octadecynoic acid, 4-Octadecynoic acid, 5-Octadecynoic acid, 6-Octadecynoic acid, 7-Octadecynoic acid, 8-Octadecynoic acid, 9-Octadecynoic acid, 10-Octadecynoic acid, 11-Octadecynoic acid, 12-Octadecynoic acid, 13-Octadecynoic acid, 14-Octadecynoic acid, 15-Octadecynoic acid, 16-Octadecynoic acid, 17-Octadecynoic acid, 18-Nonadecynoic acid, 13-Docosynoic acid.

[0201] The diynoic acids having 10-22 carbon atoms include: 2,4 - Decadiynoic acid, 5,11 - dodecadiynoic acid, 3,9 - hexadecadiynoic acid, 7,10 - hexadecadiynoic acid, 8,10 - hexadecadiynoic acid, 5,8 - heptadecadiynoic acid, 6,9 - heptadecadiynoic acid, 7,10 - heptadecadiynoic acid, 10,16 - heptadecadiynoic acid, 2,5 - octadecadiynoic acid, 2,6 - octadecadiynoic acid, 2,7 - octadecadiynoic acid, 3,6 - octadecadiynoic acid, 3,7 - octadecadiynoic acid, 3,8 - octadecadiynoic acid, 4,6 - octadecadiynoic acid, 4,7 - octadecadiynoic acid, 4,8 - octadecadiynoic acid, 4,9 - octadecadiynoic acid, 5,7 - octadecadiynoic acid, 5,8 - octadecadiynoic acid, 5,9 - octadecadiynoic acid, 5,10 - octadecadiynoic acid, 5,12 - octadecadiynoic acid, 6,8 - octadecadiynoic acid, 6,9 - octadecadiynoic acid, 6,10 - octadecadiynoic acid, 6,11 - octadecadiynoic acid, 6,12 - octadecadiynoic acid, 7,9 - octadecadiynoic acid, 7,10 - octadecadiynoic acid, 7,11 - octadecadiynoic acid, 7,12 - octadecadiynoic acid, 8,10 - octadecadiynoic acid, 8,11 - octadecadiynoic acid, 8,12 - octadecadiynoic acid, 9,11 - octadecadiynoic acid, 9,12 - octadecadiynoic acid, 9,13 - octadecadiynoic acid, 10,12 - octadecadiynoic acid, 10,13 - octadecadiynoic acid, 10,14 - octadecadiynoic acid, 11,14 - octadecadiynoic acid, 11,15 - octadecadiynoic acid, 12,14 - octadecadiynoic acid, 12,15 - octadecadiynoic acid, 12,16 - octadecadiynoic acid, 13,16 - octadecadiynoic acid, 13,17 - octadecadiynoic acid, 14,17 - octadecadiynoic acid, 10,13 - nonadecadiynoic acid, 7,3 - eicosadiynoic acid, 8,11 - eicosadiynoic acid, 10,13 - eicosadiynoic acid, 12,14 - pentacosadiynoic acid, 12,14 - heptacosadiynoic acid.

[0202] Triynoic acids having 12 - 22 carbon atoms include: 5,8,11 - Dodecatriynoic acid, 9,11,13 - Pentadecatriynoic acid, 5,8,11 - Heptadecatriynoic acid, 5,8,11 - Octadecatriynoic acid, 6,9,12 - Octadecatriynoic acid, 8,11,14 - Octadecatriynoic acid, 8,11,14 - Nonadecatriynoic acid, 5,8,11 - Eicosatriynoic acid, 6,9,12 - Eicosatriynoic acid, 7,10,13 - Eicosatriynoic acid, 8,11,14 - Eicosatriynoic acid, 9,12,15 - Eicosatriynoic acid, 3,9,15 - Docosatriynoic acid, 8,11,14 - Docosatriynoic acid, 10,13,16 - Docosatriynoic acid.

[0203] Enynoic acids having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably acids containing one or two C═C double bonds and one or two or three triple bonds, including: 10 - en - 8 - heptadecynoic acid, 9 - en - 12 - octadecynoic acid, 11 - en - 9 - octadecynoic acid, 17 - en - 9 - octadecynoic acid, 9,12 - diene - 6 - octadecynoic acid, 9,14 - diene - 12 - octadecynoic acid, 11,13 - diene - 9 - octadecynoic acid, 5,8,14 - triene - 11 - eicosynoic acid, 5,11,14 - triene - 8 - eicosynoic acid, 8,11,14 - triene - 5 - eicosynoic acid, 6 - en - 2,4 - octadiynoic acid, 8 - en - 4,6 - decadienoic acid, 2,8 - diene - 4,6 - decadienoic acid, 8 - diene - 4,6 - undecadiynoic acid, 10,12 - diene - 4,6 - tetradecadiynoic acid, 5 - en - 7,9 - octadecadienoic acid, 9 - en - 12,14 - octadecadienoic acid, 13 - en - 9,11 - octadecadienoic acid, 17 - en - 9,11 - octadecadienoic acid, 13,17 - diene - 9,11 - octadecadienoic acid, 3 - en - 5,7,10 - undecatriynoic acid, 4 - en - 6,8,10 - undecatriynoic acid.

[0204] The main chain has 3 to 30 carbon atoms, and the side chain has 1 to 10 carbon atoms of alkyl groups and / or 1 to 3 hydroxyl groups. Preferred are saturated fatty acids with 1 to 3 carbon atoms of methyl groups or fatty acids with C═C double bonds, including: 2-methylpropanoic acid, 2-methylbutanoic acid, 3-methylbutanoic acid, 2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid, 2-methyl-2-butenoic acid, 3-methyl-2-butenoic acid, 3-methyl-3-butenoic acid, 2-ethyl-2-propenoic acid, 2-methylpentanoic acid, 3-methylpentanoic acid, 3,5-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid, 2-ethylbutanoic acid, 2,2-dimethylbutanoic acid, 3,3-dimethylbutanoic acid, 3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid, 3-methyl-3-pentenoic acid, 3-methyl-4-pentenoic acid, 4-methyl-2-pentenoic acid, 4-methyl-3-pentenoic acid, 4-methyl-4-pentenoic acid, 2,2-dimethyl-3-butenoic acid, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butenoic acid, 2-methylhexanoic acid, 3-methylhexanoic acid, 4-methylhexanoic acid, 5-methylhexanoic acid, 2-ethylpentanoic acid, 2,2-dimethylpentanoic acid, 3,3-dimethylpentanoic acid, 3,4-dimethylpentanoic acid, 4,4-dimethylpentanoic acid, 2-ethyl-methylbutanoic acid, 2-methyl-2-hexenoic acid, 5-methyl-5-hexenoic acid, 2-butyl-2-propenoic acid, 2-isopropyl-2-butenoic acid, 3-isopropyl-3-butenoic acid, 2,2-dimethyl-4-pentenoic acid, 4,4-dimethyl-2-pentenoic acid, 2-methylheptanoic acid, 3-methylheptanoic acid, 5-methylheptanoic acid, 6-methylheptanoic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, 2,2-dimethyl-hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-2-methyl-pentanoic acid, 2-methyl-2-heptenoic acid, 5-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-heptenoic acid, 6-methyl-5-heptenoic acid, 2-ethyl-3-hexenoic acid, 3-tert-butyl-3-butenoic acid, 2-methyloctanoic acid, 3-methyloctanoic acid, 4-methyloctanoic acid, 5-methyloctanoic acid, 6-methyloctanoic acid, 7-methyloctanoic acid, 2-isopropylhexanoic acid, 6,6-dimethyl-heptanoic acid, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid, 6-methyl-5-octenoic acid, 2-pentyl-3-butenoic acid, 6-methyl-2,4-octadienoic acid, 8-hydroxy-6-methyl-2,4-octadienoic acid, 2-methylnonanoic acid, 3-methylnonanoic acid, 4-methylnonanoic acid, 7-methylnonanoic acid, 8-methylnonanoic acid, 3-methyl-2-nonenoic acid, 2,7-dimethyl-6-octenoic acid, 3,7-dimethyl-2-octenoic acid, 3,7-dimethyl-6-octenoic acid, 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienoic acid, 2-methyldecanoic acid, 3-methyldecanoic acid, 4-methyldecanoic acid, 5-methyldecanoic acid, 6-methyldecanoic acid, 7-methyldecanoic acid, 8-methyldecanoic acid, 9-methyldecanoic acid, 3,3-dimethylnonanoic acid, 4,8-dimethylnonanoic acid, 8,8-dimethylnonanoic acid, 2,7-dimethyl-6-nonenoic acid, 4-ethyl-2-methyl-2-octenoic acid, 2-methylundecanoic acid, 3-methylundecanoic acid, 4-methylundecanoic acid, 5-methylundecanoic acid, 6-methylundecanoic acid, 8-methylundecanoic acid, 9-methylundecanoic acid, 10-methylundecanoic acid, 4,9-dimethyldecanoic acid, 5-methyl-2-undecenoic acid, 2-methyldodecanoic acid, 3-methyldodecanoic acid, 4-methyldodecanoic acid, 5-methyldodecanoic acid, 6-methyldodecanoic acid, 7-methyldodecanoic acid, 8-methyldodecanoic acid, 9-methyldodecanoic acid, 10-methyldodecanoic acid, 11-methyldodecanoic acid, 2,6-dimethylundecanoic acid, 10,10-dimethylundecanoic acid, 2-methyl-2-dodecenoic acid, 11-methyl-2-dodecenoic acid, 2-decyl-2-acrylic acid, 2-methyl dodecanedioic acid, 3-methyl dodecanedioic acid, 4-methyl dodecanedioic acid, 6-methyl dodecanedioic acid, 11-methyl-2,5-dodecadienoic acid, 11-hydroxy-4-methyl-2,4,6-dodecatrienoic acid, 2-methyltridecanoic acid, 3-methyltridecanoic acid, 4-methyltridecanoic acid, 6-methyltridecanoic acid, 9-methyltridecanoic acid, 12-methyltridecanoic acid, 2,4-dimethyldodecanoic acid, 2,5-dimethyldodecanoic acid, 2,6-dimethyldodecanoic acid, 4,8-dimethyldodecanoic acid, 4,10-dimethyldodecanoic acid, 4,11-dimethyldodecanoic acid, 2,6,10-trimethylundecanoic acid, 5-methyl-2-tridecenoic acid, 2,4-dimethyl-2-dodecenoic acid, 2-methyl tridecanedioic acid, 3-methyl tridecanedioic acid, 4-methyl tridecanedioic acid, 2-methyltetradecanoic acid, 3-methyltetradecanoic acid, 11-methyltetradecanoic acid, 12-methyltetradecanoic acid, 13-methyltetradecanoic acid, 4,12-dimethyltridecanoic acid, 12,12-dimethyltridecanoic acid, 3,7,11-trimethyldodecanoic acid, 2,5-dimethyl-2-tridecenoic acid, 3-methyltetradecanedioic acid, 5-methyltetradecanedioic acid, 3-methylpentadecanoic acid, 13-methylpentadecanoic acid, 14-methylpentadecanoic acid, 2-propyltridecanoic acid, 2-heptylnonanoic acid, 4-hexyldodecanoic acid, 6-ethyltetradecanoic acid, 2,4-dimethyltetradecanoic acid, 2,6-dimethyltetradecanoic acid, 2,8-dimethyltetradecanoic acid, 2,12-dimethyltetradecanoic acid, 2,13-dimethyltetradecanoic acid, 3,5-dimethyltetradecanoic acid, 4,12-dimethyltetradecanoic acid, 4,13-dimethyltetradecanoic acid, 10,13-dimethyltetradecanoic acid, 13,13-dimethyltetradecanoic acid, 2-ethyl-2-butyl decanoic acid, 3-ethyl-3-methyltridecanoic acid, 4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoic acid, 13-methyl-4-pentadecenoic acid, 14-methyl-4-pentadecenoic acid, 2-hexyl-2-decenoic acid, 2,4-Dimethyl-2-tetradecenoic acid, 6-isopentyl-9-methyl-5-decenoic acid, 2-methylhexadecanoic acid, 3-methylhexadecanoic acid, 4-methylhexadecanoic acid, 5-methylhexadecanoic acid, 6-methylhexadecanoic acid, 7-methylhexadecanoic acid, 8-methylhexadecanoic acid, 9-methylhexadecanoic acid, 10-methylhexadecanoic acid, 11-methylhexadecanoic acid, 12-methylhexadecanoic acid, 13-methylhexadecanoic acid, 14-methylhexadecanoic acid, 15-methylhexadecanoic acid, 2,6-dimethyl-pentadecanoic acid, 4,8-dimethyl-pentadecanoic acid, 8,14-dimethyl-pentadecanoic acid, 9,14-dimethyl-pentadecanoic acid, 7-methyl-6-hexadecenoic acid, 9-methyl-10-hexadecenoic acid, 10-methyl-9-hexadecenoic acid, 14-methyl-8-hexadecenoic acid, 15-methyl-6-hexadecenoic acid, 15-methyl-8-hexadecenoic acid, 15-methyl-9-hexadecenoic acid, 15-methyl-10-hexadecenoic acid, 15-methyl-11-hexadecenoic acid, 2-methylhexadecanedioic acid, 3-methylhexadecanedioic acid, 4-methylhexadecanedioic acid, 5-methylhexadecanedioic acid, 8-methylhexadecanedioic acid, 2-methylheptadecanoic acid, 10-methylheptadecanoic acid, 14-methylheptadecanoic acid, 15-methylheptadecanoic acid, 16-methylheptadecanoic acid, 3-hydroxy-16-methylheptadecanoic acid, 2,6-dimethyl-hexadecanoic acid, 2,14-dimethyl-hexadecanoic acid, 4,8-dimethyl-hexadecanoic acid, 4,14-dimethyl-hexadecanoic acid, 6,14-dimethyl-hexadecanoic acid, 10,15-dimethyl-hexadecanoic acid, 11,15-dimethyl-hexadecanoic acid, 12,15-dimethyl-hexadecanoic acid, 15,15-dimethyl-hexadecanoic acid, 2-methyl-16-heptadecenoic acid, 7-methyl-12-heptadecenoic acid, 9-methyl-6-heptadecenoic acid, 15-methyl-4-heptadecenoic acid, 16-methyl-4-heptadecenoic acid, 16-methyl-6-heptadecenoic acid, 16-methyl-8-heptadecenoic acid, 8,9-methylene-8-heptadecenoic acid, 16-methyl-6,9-heptadecadienoic acid, 16-methyl-9,12-heptadecadienoic acid, 4,6-dimethyl-2,4-hexadecadienoic acid, 5,7-dimethyl-2,4-hexadecadienoic acid, 16-methyl-6,9,12-heptadecatrienoic acid, 2-methyloctadecanoic acid, 3-methyloctadecanoic acid, 4-methyloctadecanoic acid, 5-methyloctadecanoic acid, 6-methyloctadecanoic acid, 7-methyloctadecanoic acid, 8-methyloctadecanoic acid, 9-methyloctadecanoic acid, 10-methyloctadecanoic acid, 11-methyloctadecanoic acid, 3-hydroxy-11-methyloctadecanoic acid, 11,12-methylene-octadecanoic acid, 12-methyloctadecanoic acid, 13-methyloctadecanoic acid, 14-methyloctadecanoic acid, 15-methyloctadecanoic acid, 16-methyloctadecanoic acid, 17-methyloctadecanoic acid, 4,14-dimethyl-heptadecanoic acid. 10,16-dimethyl-heptadecanoic acid, 12,16-Dimethyl-heptadecanoic acid, 10-Methyl-9-octadecenoic acid, 11-Methyl-12-octadecenoic acid, 17-Methyl-6-octadecenoic acid, 17-Methyl-7-octadecenoic acid, 17-Methyl-13-octadecenoic acid, 2,5-Dimethyl-2-heptadecenoic acid, 4-Heptyl-2-methyl-2-undecenoic acid, 9,10-Methylene-9-octadecenoic acid, 16-Methyl-5,9-octadecadienoic acid, 17-Methyl-5,9-octadecadienoic acid, 16-Methyl-5,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid, 11-Methylnonadecanoic acid, 17-Methylnonadecanoic acid, 18-Methylnonadecanoic acid, 2,11-Dimethyloctadecanoic acid, 2,14-Dimethyloctadecanoic acid, 4,14-Dimethyloctadecanoic acid, 6,14-Dimethyloctadecanoic acid, 4,16-Dimethyloctadecanoic acid, 6,16-Dimethyloctadecanoic acid, 12,17-Dimethyloctadecanoic acid, 6-Methyl-9-nonadecenoic acid, 18-Methyl-8,11,14-nonadecatrienoic acid, 18-Methyl-5,8,11,14-nonadecatetraenoic acid, 18-Methylicosanoic acid, 19-Methylicosanoic acid, 2,6-Dimethylnonadecanoic acid, 12,18-Dimethylnonadecanoic acid, 2-Methyl-2-eicosenoic acid, 2-Propyl-9-octadecenoic acid, 18-Methyl-5,9-eicosadienoic acid, 19-Methyl-5,9-eicosadienoic acid, 3-Methylheneicosanoic acid, 19-Methylheneicosanoic acid, 20-Methylheneicosanoic acid, 14,19-Dimethylicosanoic acid, 2,4-Dimethyl-2-eicosenoic acid, 7,7-Dimethyl-5,8-eicosadienoic acid, 7,7-Dimethyl-5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid, 10,10-Dimethyl-5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid, 20-Methyldocosanoic acid, 21-Methyldocosanoic acid, 22-Methyltricosanoic acid, 21-Methyltricosanoic acid, 2,4-Dimethyldocosanoic acid, 3,15-Dimethyldocosanoic acid, 23-Methyltetracosanoic acid, 2,4-Dimethyltricosanoic acid, 23-Methyl-5,9-tetracosadienoic acid, 3,7,11-Trimethyl-2,6-docosadienoic acid, 23-Methylpentacosanoic acid, 24-Methylpentacosanoic acid, 2,4-Dimethyltetracosanoic acid, 3,13,19-Trimethyltricosanoic acid, 24-Methylhexacosanoic acid, 2-Methyl-2-hexacosenoic acid, 2,4-Dimethyl-2-pentacosenoic acid, 2,4,6-Trimethyl-2-tetracosenoic acid, 9,10-Dimethyloctacosanoic acid, 28-Methyldotriacontanoic acid, 2,4,6-Trimethyloctacosanoic acid, 15,16-Dimethyltriacontanedioic acid.,

[0205] Saturated straight-chain and branched-chain dicarboxylic and tricarboxylic acids having 3 to 38 carbon atoms include: Malonic acid, succinic acid, 2-methylmalonic acid, glutaric acid, 2,2-dimethylmalonic acid, 2-methylsuccinic acid, 2-ethylmalonic acid, adipic acid, 2,2-dimethylsuccinic acid, 2-methylglutaric acid, 3-methylglutaric acid, 2-hydroxyadipic acid, 2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyadipic acid, 3-hydroxymethylglutaric acid, pimelic acid, 3,3-dimethylglutaric acid, 3-methyladipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, tridecanedioic acid, tetradecanedioic acid, pentadecanedioic acid, hexadecanedioic acid, heptadecanedioic acid, octadecanedioic acid, 9,10-dihydroxyoctadecanedioic acid, nonadecanedioic acid, eicosanedioic acid, heneicosanedioic acid, docosanedioic acid, tricosanedioic acid, tetracosanedioic acid, hexacosanedioic acid, heptacosanedioic acid, nonacosanedioic acid, triacontanedioic acid, 13,14-dimethyl-octacosanedioic acid.

[0206] Unsaturated straight-chain or branched-chain dicarboxylic acids and tricarboxylic acids having 4 to 18 carbon atoms (which may also be dicarboxylic acids or tricarboxylic acids containing hydroxyl or amino groups) include: Fumaric acid, 2-hydroxy-2-butenedioic acid, 2-methyl-2-butenedioic acid, 2-methyl-2-pentenedioic acid, 3-hexenedioic acid, 3-hydroxy-2,4-hexadienoic acid, 2-pentyl-4-tridecenedioic acid, 2-(2-octenyl)-1,10-decanedioic acid, 2-(2,5-octadienyl)-1,10-decanedioic acid, 2-(2-pentenyl)-4-tridecene-1,13-dioic acid, 2-ene-4-octadecynedioic acid; Tricarboxylic acids having 4 carbon atoms and substituted with hydroxyl groups include: 3-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxybutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, 3-hydroxybutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, 1-butene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid, 1,3-butadiene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid.

[0207] The saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids used in the present invention further include fatty acids substituted with amino, hydroxyl, oxo and / or alkyl groups as described below. Specifically, it may be: 1) Amino fatty acids and acylamino fatty acids: Carboxylic acids with 3 - 18 carbon atoms, substituted by amino, hydroxyl, oxo and / or methyl groups, including one or more than two amino fatty acids selected from the following group: 2 - amino - 3 - hydroxy - propanoic acid, 2,3 - diamino - propanoic acid, 2 - amino - butanoic acid, 4 - amino - butanoic acid, 2 - amino - 3,4 - dihydroxybutanoic acid, 2 - methyl - 2 - amino - propanoic acid, 2 - methyl - 3 - amino - propanoic acid, 3 - methyl - 3 - amino - propanoic acid, 2,4 - diamino - butanoic acid, 2 - amino - 3 - oxo - butanoic acid, 2 - amino - pentanoic acid, 4 - amino - pentanoic acid, 5 - amino - pentanoic acid, 2 - amino - 3 - methyl - butanoic acid, 2,5 - diamino - pentanoic acid, 2 - amino - 4 - hydroxy - 3 - methylpentanoic acid, 2 - amino - 4 - oxo - pentanoic acid, 2 - oxo - 5 - amino - pentanoic acid, 4 - oxo - 5 - amino - pentanoic acid, 2 - amino - hexanoic acid, 6 - amino - hexanoic acid, 2 - amino - 3 - methyl - pentanoic acid, 2 - amino - 4 - methyl - pentanoic acid, 3 - oxo - 5 - amino - hexanoic acid, 2 - amino - hexanedioic acid, 2 - amino - 3 - oxo - hexanedioic acid, 2 - amino - 6 - oxo - 2,4 - hexadienoic acid, 2 - amino - 2,4 - hexadienedioic acid, 2 - amino - heptanoic acid, 2,6 - diamino - heptanedioic acid, 2 - amino - 4,5 - dihydroxy - 6 - oxo - heptanoic acid, 2 - amino - octanoic acid, 3 - amino - octanoic acid, 8 - amino - octanoic acid, 3 - amino - nonanoic acid, 9 - amino - nonanoic acid, 7,8 - diamino - nonanoic acid, 7 - oxo - 8 - amino - nonanoic acid, 2 - amino - decanoic acid, 3 - amino - decanoic acid, 9 - amino - decanoic acid, 10 - amino - decanoic acid, 11 - amino - undecanoic acid, 12 - amino - dodecanoic acid, 2 - amino - tridecanoic acid, 13 - amino - tridecanoic acid, 2 - amino - tetradecanoic acid, 2 - amino - hexadecanoic acid, 2 - amino - octadecanoic acid, 12 - amino - octadecanoic acid.

[0208] 2) N - acyl amino acids, including N - acyl amino acids with 6 - 30 carbon atoms as described below: N - hexanoyl - γ - aminobutyric acid, N - octadecanoyl - γ - aminobutyric acid, N - (9 - octadecenoyl) - γ - aminobutyric acid, N - (5,8,11,14 - eicosatetraenoyl) - γ - aminobutyric acid, N - (12 - hydroxy - 5,8,10,14 - eicosatetraenoyl) - γ - aminobutyric acid, N - (15 - hydroxy - 5,8,11,13 - eicosatetraenoyl) - γ - aminobutyric acid, N - (4,7,10,12,16,19 - docosahexaenoyl) - γ - aminobutyric acid; N-(6-Aminocaproyl)-6-aminohexanoic acid; N-hexadecanoylalanine, N-octadecanoylalanine, N-(9-octadecenoyl)alanine, N-(5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoyl)alanine, N-(12-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoyl)alanine, N-(15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoyl)alanine; N-octadecanoylarginine; N-octadecanoylasparagine, N-(9-octadecenoyl)asparagine, N-tetradecanoylglutamine, N-hexadecanoylglutamine, N-(9-hexadecenoyl)glutamine, N-octadecanoylglutamine, N-(9-octadecenoyl)glutamine, N-(9,12-octadecadienoyl)glutamine, N-(17-hydroxy-9,12-octadecadienoyl)glutamine, N-(9,12,15-octadecatrienoyl)glutamine, N-(17-hydroxy-9,12,15-octadecatrienoyl)glutamine, N-(5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoyl)glutamine, N-(4,7,10,12,16,19-docosahexaenoyl)glutamine; N-hexadecanoylglutamic acid, N-octadecanoylglutamic acid, N-(9-octadecenoyl)glutamic acid, N-(9,12-octadecadienoyl)glutamic acid, N-(9,12,15-octadecatrienoyl)glutamic acid, N-(5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoyl)glutamic acid, N-(4,7,10,12,16,19-docosahexaenoyl)glutamic acid; N-dodecanoylglycine, N-(3-hydroxy-tetradecanoyl)glycine, N-(14-methyl-3-(13-methyl-4-tetradecenoyloxy)-pentadecanoyl)-glycine, N-hexadecanoylglycine, N-(3-hydroxy-hexadecanoyl)glycine, N-(3-hydroxy-9-hexadecenoyl)glycine, N-(15-methylhexadecanoyl)glycine, N-(3-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecanoyl)glycine, N-(2,3,4-trihydroxy-15-methylhexadecanoyl)glycine, N-octadecanoylglycine, N-(9-octadecenoyl)glycine, N-(3-hydroxy-9-octadecenoyl)glycine, N-(5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoyl)glycine, N-(12-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoyl)glycine, N-(15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoyl)glycine; N-Hexanoylhistidine, N-Octanoylhistidine, N-Decanoylhistidine, N-(3,4-Methylenedecanoyl)histidine, N-Hexadecanoylhistidine, N-Octadecanoylhistidine, N-(9-Octadecenoyl)histidine, N-(4,7,10,12,16,19-Docosahexaenoyl)histidine; N-Hexadecanoyl isoleucine, N-(9-Octadecenoyl)isoleucine, N-(5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoyl)isoleucine; N-Hexadecanoyl leucine, N-(9-Octadecenoyl)leucine, N-(5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoyl)leucine; α-N-Dodecanoyllysine, 6-N-Dodecanoyllysine, α-N-Tetradecanoyllysine, 6-N-Tetradecanoyllysine, α-N-(5-Tetradecenoyl)lysine, 6-N-(5-Tetradecenoyl)lysine, α-N-(5,8-Tetradecadienoyl)lysine, 6-N-(5,8-Tetradecadienoyl)lysine; N-Hexadecanoyl methionine, N-(9-Octadecenoyl)methionine; α-N-(3-Hydroxy-13-methyltetradecanoyl)ornithine, α-N-(3-Hydroxyhexadecanoyl)ornithine, α-N-(3-Hydroxy-14-methylpentadecanoyl)ornithine, α-N-(3-Hydroxyoctadecanoyl)ornithine; N-Hexadecanoyl phenylalanine, N-Octadecanoyl phenylalanine, N-(9-Octadecenoyl)phenylalanine, N-(4,7,10,12,16,19-Docosahexaenoyl)phenylalanine; N-Hexadecanoyl proline, N-Octadecanoyl proline, N-(9-Octadecenoyl)proline; N-hexadecanoyl serine, N-octadecanoyl serine, N-(9-octadecenoyl) serine, N-(5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoyl) serine; N-hexadecanoyl taurine, N-heptadecanoyl taurine, N-octadecanoyl taurine, N-(9-octadecenoyl) taurine, N-(9,12-octadecadienoyl) taurine, N-nonadecanoyl taurine, N-(9-nonadecenoyl) taurine, N-icosanoyl taurine, N-(11-eicosenoyl) taurine, N-(5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoyl) taurine, N-(12-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoyl) taurine, N-(15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoyl) taurine, N-henicosanoyl taurine, N-docosanoyl taurine, N-(13-docosenoyl) taurine, N-tricosanoyl taurine, N-(14-tricosenoyl) taurine, N-tetracosanoyl taurine, N-(15-tetracosenoyl) taurine, N-pentacosanoyl taurine, N-hexacosanoyl taurine; N-hexadecanoyl threonine, N-(9-octadecenoyl) threonine; N-hexadecanoyl tryptophan, N-octadecanoyl tryptophan, N-(9-octadecenoyl) tryptophan; N-dodecanoyl-6-methyl-tyrosine, N-hexadecanoyl tyrosine, N-hexadecanoyl-α,O-dimethyl tyrosine, N-octadecanoyl tyrosine, N-(9-octadecenoyl) tyrosine, N-(5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoyl) tyrosine, N-nonanoyl-2,3-dehydro-tyrosine, N-decanoyl-2,3-dehydro-tyrosine, N-(8-methylnonanoyl)-2,3-dehydro-tyrosine, N-dodecanoyl-6-methyl-2,3-dehydro-tyrosine, N-(2-dodecenoyl)-6-methyl-2,3-dehydro-tyrosine, N-hexadecanoyl-α,O-dimethyl tyrosine, N-octadecanoyl-O-methyl-2,3-dehydro-tyrosine, N-(9-octadecenoyl)-O-methyl-2,3-dehydro-tyrosine; N-hexadecanoyl valine, N-octadecanoyl valine, N-(9,12-octadecadienoyl) valine.

[0209] 3) Amino acids containing two or more acyl groups, including the following: N-(15-methyl-3-(12-methyltridecanoyloxy)-hexadecanoyl)-glycine, N-(15-methyl-3-(13-methyltetradecanoyloxy)-hexadecanoyl)-glycine, N-(15-methyl-3-(13-methyl-4-tetradecenoyloxy)-hexadecanoyl)-glycine, N-(15-methyl-3-(13-methyl-tetradecanoyloxy)-hexadecanoyl) glycine; α-N-(3-Hexadecanoyloxy-hexadecanoyl)ornithine, α-N-(3-Octadecanoyloxy-octadecanoyl)ornithine, α-N-(3-(3-Hydroxyoctadecanoyloxy)-octadecanoyl)ornithine, α-N-(3-(11,12-Methylene)octadecanoyloxy-hexadecanoyl)ornithine, α-N-(3-(11,12-Methylene)octadecanoyloxy-octadecanoyl)ornithine, α-N-(3-(3-Hydroxy-(11,12-methylene)octadecanoyloxy)-octadecanoyl)ornithine; N-(3-Oxo-decanoyl)-leucyl)alanine, N-((3-(13-Methyl-tetradecanoyloxy)-13-methyl-hexadecanoyl)glycyl)serine, N-((15-Methyl-3-(13-methyltetradecyloxy)-hexadecanoyl)-glycyl)-serine, N-(((3-Hydroxy-15-methyl-hexadecanoyl)-glycyl)-seryl)-ornithine, N-((3-Hydroxy-13-methyl-hexadecanoyl)-glycyl)-serine, N-((9-Octadecenoyl)-β-alanyl)-L-histidine; 4) Multiple acids linked by thioether bonds and amide bonds, including the following: 11,15-Dihydroxy-14-(S-cysteinyl-glycyl)-5,8,12-eicosatrienoic acid, 11,15-Dihydroxy-14-(S-glutathione)-5,8,12-eicosatrienoic acid.

[0210] Among them, the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty alcohols used to provide the above carbon chains or carbon chain residues specifically include the fatty alcohols shown below.

[0211] Saturated fatty straight-chain or branched-chain alcohols with 3-33 carbon atoms and 1-3 hydroxyl groups, including: Propane-1-ol, butane-1-ol, 2-methylpropane-1-ol, pentane-1-ol, 2-methylbutane-1-ol, 3-methylbutane-1-ol, hexane-1-ol, hexane-2-ol, hexane-3-ol, hexane-1,5-diol, 3-methylpentane-1-ol, 3-methylpentane-3-ol, 4-methylpentane-1-ol, 1-methyl-cyclopentan-1-ol, heptane-1-ol, heptane-2-ol, heptane-3-ol, heptane-4-ol, 3-methylhexane-2-ol, 4-methylhexane-3-ol, 5-methylhexane-3-ol, heptane-1,2,3-triol, octane-1-ol, octane-2-ol, octane-3-ol, octane-1,2-diol, octane-1,3-diol, octane-1,8-diol, 2-methylheptane-4-ol, 3-methylheptane-2-ol, 4-methylheptane-2-ol, 4-methylheptane-3-ol, nonane-1-ol, nonane-2-ol, nonane-3-ol, nonane-5-ol, 2-methyloctane-4-ol, 3-methyloctane-4-ol, 4-methyloctane-1-ol, 5-methyloctane-4-ol, 6-methyloctane-3-ol, 3,5,5-trimethylhexane-1-ol, decane-1-ol, decane-2-ol, decane-3-ol, 4-methylnonane-1-ol, 4-methylnonane-5-ol, 6-methylnonane-3-ol, 3,7-dimethyloctane-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyloctane-1,7-diol, undecane-1-ol, undecane-2-ol, undecane-3-ol, dodecane-1-ol, tridecane-1-ol, tridecane-2-ol, 4-methyl-dodecane-7-ol, 10-methyl-dodecane-1-ol, tetradecane-1-ol, 4-methyl-tridecane-7-ol, 3,9-dimethyl-dodecane-6-ol, 2,2,10-trimethyl-undecane-1,10-diol, pentadecane-1-ol, pentadecane-2-ol, 4-methyl-tetradecane-7-ol, 3,7-dimethyltridecane-2-ol, 4,10-dimethyltridecane-7-ol, hexadecane-1-ol, 14-methyl-pentadecane-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyltetradecane-2-ol, heptadecane-2-ol, 4-methyl-hexadecane-7-ol, 3,7-dimethylpentadecane-2-ol, 6,10,13-trimethyl-tetradecane-1-ol, 2-methyl-hexadecane-1,2-diol, heptadecane-1,17-diol, octadecane-1-ol, 3,7-dimethylhexadecane-2-ol, 2-methyl-heptadecane-1,2-diol, 3-methyl-heptadecane-1,2-diol, 11-methyl-heptadecane-1,2-diol, nonadecane-1,2-diol, nonadecane-1,2,4-triol, 2-methyl-octadecane-1,2-diol, eicosane-1-ol, eicosane-1,2-diol, eicosane-1,3-diol, eicosane-1,20-diol, 13-methyl-eicosane-1,2-diol, heneicosane-1,2-diol, heneicosane-1,21-Diol, 15-methylhenicosane-1,2-diol, docosanol, docosane-1,2-diol, docosane-1,3-diol, 15-methyldocosane-1,2-diol, tricosan-12-ol, tricosane-1,2-diol, tetracosanol, tetracosane-1,2-diol, tetracosane-1,3-diol, tetracosane-1,24-diol, hexacosanol, hexacosane-1,26-diol, 23-hexacosen-1-ol, heptacosanol, heptacosane-14-ol, heptacosane-6,8-diol, octacosanol, octacosane-1,28-diol, nonacosanol, nonacosane-10-ol, nonacosane-15-ol, nonacosane-6,8-diol, triacontanol, triacontane-1,11-diol, triacontane-1,14-diol, dotriacontanol, tritriacontanol, tetratriacontanol.,

[0212] Unsaturated aliphatic straight-chain or branched-chain alcohols with 3 to 33 carbon atoms, containing 1 to 5 double bonds and 1 to 5 triple bonds, and 1 to 3 hydroxyl groups, including: 2-penten-1-ol, 2-methylenebutan-1-ol, 2-methyl-2-buten-1-ol, 2-methyl-3-buten-1-ol, 2-hexen-1-ol, 3-hexen-1-ol, 3-hexen-3-ol, 4-hexen-1-ol, 4-hepten-1-ol, 4-hepten-2-ol, 2,4-heptadien-1-ol, 6-methylheptan-3-ol, 2,4-dimethylhexan-1-ol, 2-ethylhexan-1-ol, 1-octen-3-ol, 2-octen-1-ol, 3-octen-1-ol, 3-octen-2-ol, 5-octen-1-ol, 7-octen-2-ol, 4-methyl-4-hepten-3-ol, 6-methyl-2-hepten-4-ol, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-ol, 5-octene-1,3-diol, 1,5-octadien-3-ol, 9,12-octadien-1-ol, 2,4-dimethyl-2,4-hexadien-1-ol, 2,4,6-octatriyn-1-ol, 1-nonen-3-ol, 2-nonen-1-ol, 3-nonen-1-ol, 6-nonen-1-ol, 6-nonen-2-ol, 2,4-dimethyl-5-hepten-1-ol, 2,6-dimethyl-5-hepten-1-ol, 2,6-dimethyl-6-hepten-1-ol, 2,4-nonadien-1-ol, 3,6-nonadien-1-ol, 6,8-nonadien-2-ol, 2,4-dimethyl-2,4-heptadien-1-ol, 1-decen-3-ol, 2-decen-1-ol, 3-decen-1-ol, 4-decen-1-ol, 5-decen-1-ol, 7-decen-1-ol, 7-methyl-6-nonen-3-ol, 2,6-dimethyl-6-octen-2-ol, 2,6-dimethyl-7-octene-2,3,6-triol, 7-methyl-3-methylenooctane-1,6,7-triol, 2,4-decadien-1-ol, 7,9-decadien-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-3,6-octadien-1-ol, 4,6-decadiyn-1-ol, 2,6-dimethyl-2,7-octadiene-1,6-diol, 2-methyl-6-methylen-2,7-octadien-1-ol, 2-en-4,6,8-decatriyn-1-ol, 1-undecen-3-ol, 2-undecen-1-ol, 6-undecen-2-ol, 10-undecen-1-ol, 3-methyl-4-decen-1-ol, 3,4,7-trimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol, dodecan-2-ol, 2-butyl octan-1-ol, 3-dodecen-1-ol, 5-dodecen-1-ol, 6-dodecen-1-ol, 7-dodecen-1-ol, 8-dodecen-1-ol, 9-dodecen-1-ol, 10-dodecen-1-ol, 11-dodecen-1-ol, 3,5-dodecadien-1-ol, 3,6-dodecadien-1-ol, 5,7-dodecadien-1-ol, 7,9-Dodecadien-1-ol, 8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, 9,11-dodecadien-1-ol, 3,4,7-trimethyl-2,6-nonadien-1-ol, 3,6,8-dodecatrien-1-ol, 3,6,9-dodecatrien-1-ol, 6-tridecen-2-ol, 10-tridecen-2-ol, 11-en-3,5,7,9-tridecatetrayn-1-ol, 3-tetradecen-1-ol, 5-tetradecen-1-ol, 7-tetradecen-1-ol, 8-tetradecen-1-ol, 9-tetradecen-1-ol, 11-tetradecen-1-ol, 9-(2-cyclopentenyl)-1-ol, 8,10-tetradecadien-1-ol, 9,11-tetradecadien-1-ol, 9,12-tetradecadien-1-ol, 10,12-tetradecadien-1-ol, 11,13-tetradecadien-1-ol, 3-methyl-6-(1-methylethyl)-3,9-decadien-1-ol, 13-en-2,4-tetradecadien-1-ol, 13-en-1,3-tetradecadiyne-6,7-diol, 9-pentadecen-1-ol, 5,10-pentadecadien-1-ol, 8,10-pentadecadien-1-ol, 3,7,11-trimethyl-6,10-dodecadien-1-ol, 7-hexadecen-1-ol, 9-hexadecen-1-ol, 11-hexadecen-1-ol, 4,6-hexadecadien-1-ol, 6,11-hexadecadien-1-ol, 7,11-hexadecadien-1-ol, 10,12-hexadecadien-1-ol, 11,13-hexadecadien-1-ol, 10-propyl-5,9-tridecadien-1-ol, 13-en-11-hexadecyn-1-ol, 4,6,10-hexadecatrien-1-ol, 8-heptadecen-2-ol, 11-heptadecen-1-ol, 14-methyl-8-hexadecen-1-ol, 16-heptadecen-1,2,4-triol, 16-heptadecyn-1,2,4-triol, 2,6,8,12-tetramethyl-2,4-tridecadien-1-ol, 4,6-heptadecadiyne-3,9,10-triol, 1-en-4,6-heptadecadiyne-3,9-diol, 1-en-4,6-heptadecadiyne-3,9,10-triol, 1,9-dien-4,6-heptadecadiyne-3-ol, 1,8-dien-4,6-heptadecadiyne-3,10-diol, 1,9-dien-4,6-heptadecadiyne-3,8-diol, 2,9-dien-4,6-heptadecadiyne-1,8-diol, 1,16-dien-4,6-heptadecadiyne-3,9,10-triol, 1,9,16-trien-4,6-heptadecadiyne-3,8-diol, 9-octadecen-1-ol, 11-octadecen-1-ol, 13-octadecen-1-ol, 2,13-octadecadien-1-ol, 3,13-octadecadien-1-ol, 9,12-octadecadien-1-ol, 9,12,15 - octadecatrien - 1 - ol, 11 - eicosen - 1 - ol, 15 - eicosen - 1 - ol, 6,9 - eicosadien - 11 - ol, 3,7,11,15 - tetramethyl - 6,10,14 - eicosatrien - 1 - ol, 6 - heneicosen - 11 - ol, 6,9 - heneicosadien - 11 - ol, 3,7,11,15,19 - pentamethyl - 2,6,10,14,18 - eicosapentaen - 1 - ol.,

[0213] Oxo fatty alcohols (alcohol ketones containing 1 - 3 double bonds or triple bonds and 1 - 3 hydroxyl groups, with the number of carbon atoms ranging from 8 to 31, and the ketone being a mono - ketone or a di - ketone) include: 1 - hydroxyoctan - 3 - one, 3 - hydroxymethylheptan - 2 - one, 6 - methyl - 7 - hydroxy - 3,5 - heptadien - 1 - one, 6 - methyl - 7 - hydroxy - 3,5 - heptadien - 2 - one, 1 - hydroxynonan - 3 - one, 1 - hydroxynonan - 6 - one, 3 - hydroxymethyloctan - 2 - one, 1,3 - dihydroxy - 8 - decen - 5 - one, 1 - hydroxy - 5 - phenyl - pentan - 3 - one, 3 - hydroxypentadecan - 4 - one, 1 - (furan - 3 - yl) - 6 - hydroxy - 4,8 - dimethyl - 1 - one, 1 - hydroxy - 2,12,15 - heneicosatrien - 4 - one, 2 - (12 - hydroxy - 5,10 - dodecadiyn - 1 - yl) - 3,5,6 - trimethyl - 2,5 - cyclohexadiene - 1,4 - dione, 25 - hydroxytriacontane - 14,16 - dione.

[0214] Furthermore, the water - soluble part is a natural or synthetic compound with carboxyl, sulfonic acid group, sulfonyloxy group, phosphoric acid group, hydroxyl group, amino group, ureido group, guanidine group, quaternary ammonium group, or mercapto group structure, including proteins, polypeptides, nucleic acids, polysaccharides, and high - molecular compounds with the above - mentioned structures, such as: Water - soluble macromolecules: water - soluble proteins such as serum albumin, immunoglobulin, water - soluble collagen, chaperone proteins, water - soluble glycoproteins, dextran (dextrin), hyaluronic acid, sialic acid, heparin sulfate, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, water - soluble cellulose derivatives, β - cyclodextrin and its derivatives, water - soluble chitosan derivatives, polyethylene glycol and carboxylated or aminated polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol and carboxylated or quaternized polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, ammonium polyacrylate; Water - soluble medium - sized molecules: one or more of polypeptides, oligopeptides, water - soluble polyamino acids (polymers formed by polymerization of the same amino acid), oligosaccharides, oligonucleotides, and synthetic water - soluble medium - sized polymers.

[0215] Water - soluble small molecules: including monosaccharides or disaccharides, amino acids, nucleotides, vitamins; The above-mentioned water-soluble molecules can endow the hydrophobic functional part with the property of dissolving and uniformly dispersing in an aqueous solution, and avoid the aggregation of hydrophobic structures into clusters.

[0216] Further, in a preferred embodiment, the water-soluble macromolecule can be a water-soluble protein such as serum albumin, immunoglobulin, water-soluble collagen, chaperone protein, water-soluble glycoprotein, CD14; further, in a preferred embodiment, the water-soluble macromolecule can also be a water-soluble polysaccharide such as dextran (dextrin), hyaluronic acid, sialic acid, heparin sulfate, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, acetylated water-soluble cellulose derivative, β-cyclodextrin and its derivatives, water-soluble chitosan derivative; In addition, the water-soluble macromolecule can also be a water-soluble polymer such as polyethylene glycol and carboxylated or aminated polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol and carboxylated or quaternized polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, ammonium polyacrylate.

[0217] Further, in a preferred embodiment, the medium-sized water-soluble molecule (abbreviated as "water-soluble medium molecule") can be; targeting polypeptides including proteins or neutralizing antibody fragments that specifically target microbial lipid membranes, bacterial and fungal cell walls, and viral surface protein domains, such as taurine transport peptide, SBP1; water-soluble polyamino acids such as polyglutamic acid, polylysine, polyaspartic acid; and oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, oligonucleotides.

[0218] Further, in a preferred embodiment, as a water-soluble small molecule, it can be monosaccharides and disaccharides such as glucose, fructose, rhamnose, sorbose, sucrose, maltose, lactose, trehalose; nucleotides and deoxynucleotides such as adenylic acid, guanylic acid, uridylic acid, cytidylic acid, thymidylic acid, inosinic acid, deoxyadenylic acid, deoxyguanylic acid, deoxycytidylic acid, deoxythymidylic acid; amino acids such as serine, threonine, cysteine, asparagine, glutamine, tyrosine, lysine, arginine, histidine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, citrulline, ornithine, taurine, aminobutyric acid; vitamins such as vitamin B1, pantothenic acid, vitamin B6, vitamin C.

[0219] Furthermore, for the complex of the present invention, the coupling manner between the functional part, the binding part and the water-soluble part is (1) Coupled by hydrogen bonds and intermolecular forces; (2) Coupled by amide bonds, ester bonds, hydrazone bonds, and thioether bonds; More specifically, the complex for preventing, blocking or treating microbial infections according to the present invention is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms with a protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide and / or polysaccharide molecule; or it is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 50 carbon atoms with a protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, disaccharide, oligonucleotide, vitamin, water-soluble polymer, water-soluble polyamino acid and / or polysaccharide molecule, and a mixture of unreacted fatty acid and / or unreacted protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, disaccharide, oligonucleotide, vitamin, water-soluble polymer, water-soluble polyamino acid and / or polysaccharide molecule.

[0220] More specifically, the complex for preventing, blocking or treating microbial infections according to the present invention is a complex obtained by physically and chemically combining or directly physically mixing a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms with a protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, disaccharide, oligonucleotide, vitamin, water-soluble polymer, water-soluble polyamino acid and / or polysaccharide molecule, and the physical and chemical action includes the combination of hydrogen bond or van der Waals force or both.

[0221] For example, the carboxyl group in the functional group reacts with the amino group in the lysine residue of the water-soluble protein or polypeptide to form an amide, and the reaction scheme is shown in the following equation; Among them, R is a straight-chain or branched-chain saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms.

[0222] The terminal amino group in the water-soluble protein and polypeptide reacts with the carboxyl group of the fatty acid to form an amide bond: Among them, R is a straight-chain or branched-chain saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms.

[0223] Specifically, in a preferred embodiment, the protein is exemplified by human serum albumin (HSA), and the polypeptide is exemplified by SBP1. In order to form the functional part, the carbon chain donors are selected from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), octadecatrienoic acid (linolenic acid), octadecadienoic acid (linoleic acid), octadecenoic acid (oleic acid), octanoic acid, and fumaric acid. The following examples illustrate the preferred complexes of the present invention: (1) The reaction product of the lysine side chain in albumin (HSA) or SBP1 molecule and fatty acid - an amidated complex: The reaction product is shown as follows: Among the above products, the carbon chain of the fatty acid is the functional part, and albumin and polypeptide are both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0224] (2) React fatty acid with protein through a linker, and the linker includes one or more of amino acid, succinic acid, butadienoic acid, glutaconic acid, adipic acid, carbamate, short peptide, polyethylene glycol, and derivatives of the above compounds.

[0225] For example, the thioetherification product formed by the free sulfhydryl group of 34-Cys in albumin (HSA) with fatty acid and N-hydroxymaleimide: The structural formula of the product is shown as follows: In the above product, the fatty acid and the linking molecule together are the functional part, and albumin (HSA) is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0226] In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the complex for preventing, blocking or treating microbial infection of the present invention can be an ester formed by the hydroxyl group of a water-soluble polysaccharide (dextran, hyaluronic acid, water-soluble cellulose derivative, cyclodextrin, etc.) and the carboxyl group of a fatty acid.

[0227] Among them, specifically, taking dextran and hyaluronic acid as examples for polysaccharides, and taking docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), octadecatrienoic acid (linolenic acid), octadecadienoic acid (linoleic acid), octadecenoic acid (oleic acid), octanoic acid, and fumaric acid as examples for the carbon chain donor. In a more specific embodiment, the complex of the present invention includes a complex having the following structure.

[0228] (1) The complex obtained by reacting dextran with fatty acid: The generated complex has a compound shown by one or more of the following structural formulas: In the above product, the carbon chain of the fatty acid is the functional part, and dextran is both the binding part and the water-soluble part. (2) The complex obtained by reacting hyaluronic acid with fatty acid: n is an integer from 1 to 200.

[0229] The generated hyaluronic acid esterification product has a compound shown by one or more of the following structural formulas: n is an integer from 1 to 200.

[0230] In the above products, the fatty acid carbon chain is the functional part, and hyaluronic acid is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0231] (3) The end of the polysaccharide is a hemiacetal structure and can undergo a reductive amination reaction with cystamine. Another amino group of cystamine then undergoes an amidation reaction with a fatty acid, and the resulting compound is used as a complex for preventing, blocking, or treating microbial infections in the present invention. For example, it includes compounds obtained by reacting dextran with cystamine and a fatty acid, and compounds obtained by reacting hyaluronic acid with cystamine and a fatty acid.

[0232] Among them, the reaction process of dextran (DEX) with cystamine and a fatty acid is shown in the following simplified formula: The product of dextran (DEX), cystamine, and a fatty acid as a complex in the present invention has the following structural formula: In the above products, the fatty acid and cystamine are the functional parts, and dextran is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0233] The reaction simplified formula of hyaluronic acid (HA) with cystamine and a fatty acid is as follows: (If there are too many fatty acids connected, it may affect the water solubility of the product. Therefore, the reaction is carried out using the hemiacetal hydroxyl group present at the end of the hyaluronic acid chain, so that 1 molecule of hyaluronic acid can be connected to 1 molecule of fatty acid.)

[0234] Among them, the product obtained by reacting hyaluronic acid (HA) with cystamine and a fatty acid as a complex in the present invention has the following structural formula: In the above products, fatty acids and cysteamine are the functional parts, and hyaluronic acid is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0235] In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the complex for preventing, blocking or treating microbial infections of the present invention can be a compound formed by the reaction of a fatty acid and an oligosaccharide, such as a compound formed by the reaction of a fatty acid and sodium dalteparin.

[0236] In the above products, the carbon chain of the fatty acid is the functional part, and sodium dalteparin is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0237] In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the complex for preventing, blocking or treating microbial infections of the present invention can be a compound formed by the reaction of a fatty acid and a water-soluble small molecule, and the water solubility includes monosaccharides or polysaccharides, amino acids, nucleotides or deoxynucleotides, vitamins; for example, it can be a compound with the following structure, where R below refers to a carbon chain with an integer number of carbon atoms from 1 to 99: (1) A compound formed by the reaction of a fatty acid and glucose In the above products, the carbon chain of the fatty acid is the functional part, and glucose is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0238] It is also possible to further connect a binding part, and the connected binding part can be selected from dibasic fatty acids or polybasic fatty acids, amino acids, targeting proteins, targeting polypeptides, targeting polysaccharides. Here, taking the connection of glutamic acid as an example, the reaction is as follows At this time, in the product, the carbon chain of the fatty acid is the functional part, glucose is the water-soluble part (the binding effect of glucose is weakened, and the effect of increasing water solubility is retained), and glutamic acid is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0239] (2) A compound formed by the reaction of a fatty acid and sucrose In the above products, the carbon chain of the fatty acid is the functional part, and sucrose is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0240] It is also possible to further connect a binding part, and the connected binding part can be selected from dibasic fatty acids or polybasic fatty acids, amino acids, targeting proteins, targeting polypeptides, targeting polysaccharides. Here, taking the connection of maleic acid as an example, the reaction is as follows At this time, the carbon chain of the fatty acid in the product is the functional part, sucrose is the water-soluble part (the binding function of sucrose is weakened, and the function of increasing water solubility is retained), and maleic acid is both the binding part and the functional part.

[0241] (3) Compound formed by fatty acid and 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid In the above product, the carbon chain of the fatty acid is the functional part, and taurine is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0242] (4) Compound formed by fatty acid and lysine In the above product, the carbon chain of the fatty acid is the functional part, and lysine is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0243] (5) Compound formed by fatty acid and serine In the above product, the carbon chain of the fatty acid is the functional part, and serine is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0244] (6) Compound formed by fatty acid and threonine In the above product, the carbon chain of the fatty acid is the functional part, and threonine is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0245] (7) Compound formed by fatty acid, adenosine monophosphate and aspartic acid Among them, the carbon chain of the fatty acid is the functional part, adenylic acid is the water-soluble part, and aspartic acid is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0246] (8) Compound formed by fatty acid, ascorbic acid and glutaric acid Among them, the carbon chain of the fatty acid is the functional part, ascorbic acid is the water-soluble part, and glutaric acid is both the binding part and the functional part.

[0247] In the above examples, R is an integer with 1 to 100 carbon atoms, and preferably R is as follows.

[0248] In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the complex for preventing, blocking or treating microbial infections can be a compound obtained by connecting a water-soluble part and a binding part with a fat-soluble vitamin as the functional part. The fat-soluble vitamins include vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin K, and vitamin D. Here, retinoic acid in the vitamin A group and α-tocopherol in the vitamin E group are taken as examples for illustration.

[0249] (1) The complex is composed of retinoic acid + PEG + succinic acid + alanine, where retinoic acid, succinic acid, and alanine are the functional parts, PEG is the water-soluble part, and alanine is the binding part.

[0250] n is an integer from 1 to 200.

[0251] (2) The complex is composed of α-tocopherol succinate + PEG + maleic acid, where α-tocopherol succinate and maleic acid are the functional parts, PEG is the water-soluble part, and maleic acid is the binding part.

[0252] n is an integer from 1 to 200.

[0253] In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the complex for preventing, blocking or treating microbial infections can be a compound obtained by connecting a water-soluble part and a binding part with a steroid lipid as the functional part. The steroid lipids include cholesterol, lanosterol, sitosterol, stigmasterol, ergosterol, bile acids, bile alcohols, and one or more of the above steroid lipid derivatives. Here, cholesterol and glycocholic acid in bile acids are taken as examples for illustration.

[0254] (1) The complex is composed of cholesterol succinate (carbon chain with a cyclic structure) + PEG + glutamic acid, where cholesterol succinate is the functional part, PEG and glutamic acid are the water-soluble parts, and glutamic acid is the binding part n is an integer from 1 to 200.

[0255] (2) The complex is composed of glycocholic acid + succinic acid + PEG + octadecatrienoic acid. The cholestane skeleton in glycocholic acid, succinic acid, and octadecatrienoic acid are the functional parts. The acylglycine part in glycocholic acid and PEG are the water-soluble parts, and glycine is the binding part. n is an integer from 1 to 200.

[0257] In the complex of the present invention, PEG units are contained to varying degrees or PEG (polyethylene glycol) is added when forming the complex. Specifically, in order to form the complex of the present invention, the complex is made to contain PEG units, namely -CH 2 -CH 2 The number of repetitions or degree of polymerization n of -O-(ethoxy) is an integer from 1 to 200. Further preferably, first, when the PEG unit is used as the backbone of the complex to connect other functional parts, binding parts, and water-soluble parts, and at the same time endows the complex with water solubility, at this time n is an integer from 4 to 200; second, when the PEG unit acts as a water-soluble part to play a solubilizing role, n is an integer from 4 to 20; third, when the PEG unit acts as a linker arm to extend the distance between the macromolecule and the carbon chain to expand the action space, at this time n is an integer from 1 to 10.

[0258] In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the complex for preventing, blocking or treating microbial infections of the present invention can be fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester, alkyl glycoside, fatty acid sucrose ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, sorbitan polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, mannitol erythritol lipid, N-acyl-N-methylglucamine. The above compounds have fatty alcohol or fatty acid as the carbon chain donor and have good water solubility, but have a weak binding effect with the virus surface domain, lipid membrane or cell wall components, and a higher concentration is required to kill microorganisms. However, at this concentration, they will also cause damage to human cells and are not suitable for internal use in the human body. When the above compounds are connected to the binding part to form a new complex, they have the ability to kill microorganisms at a lower concentration in the human body and play an anti-microbial infection effect. Moreover, at this treatment concentration, the new complex with the functional part + water-soluble part + binding part has no effect on human tissue cells and organs. The binding part can be selected from dibasic fatty acids or polybasic fatty acids, amino acids, targeting proteins, targeting polypeptides, targeting polysaccharides. For example, it can be a compound with the following structure.

[0259] (1) A compound obtained by connecting maleic acid to fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether. The carbon chain part of the fatty alcohol in the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and the carbon chain part of the connected maleic acid are the functional parts, the polyoxyethylene (PEG) unit is the water-soluble part, and maleic acid is the binding part.

[0260] Among them, n is an integer from 1 to 200.

[0261] (2) A compound obtained by connecting aspartic acid to fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester. The carbon chain part of the fatty acid in the fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester is the functional group, the polyoxyethylene (PEG) unit and aspartic acid are the water-soluble groups, and aspartic acid is the binding group.

[0262] Among them, n is an integer from 1 to 200.

[0263] (3) A compound obtained by linking glutamic acid to polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, where the carbon chain part of the fatty acid in polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters is the functional part, the sorbitan and polyoxyethylene (PEG) units and the linked glutamic acid are the water-soluble parts, and glutamic acid is the binding part.

[0264] Among them, n is an integer from 1 to 200.

[0265] In yet another specific embodiment, the present invention also provides a technical solution for a method of preparing the complex for preventing, blocking or treating microbial infections of the present invention.

[0266] The preparation method of the complex of the present invention is to react a compound providing a carbon chain such as a fatty acid with a protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, disaccharide, oligonucleotide, vitamin, water-soluble polymer, water-soluble polyamino acid and / or polysaccharide molecule, or react according to the need by adding a linker such as PEG, N-hydroxybutenylimide, amino acid, succinic acid, butadienoic acid, glutaconic acid, adipic acid, carbamate, short peptide, etc. and any one or more of its derivatives to obtain a reaction mixture; in a preferred embodiment, the reaction mixture is further purified to separate and obtain a purified reaction product (in this application, the "purified reaction product" is also referred to as the "compound obtained by reaction", and the term "compound obtained by reaction" refers to the substance remaining after separating the reaction mixture by purification means to remove unreacted substances, and this remaining substance is called the "compound obtained by reaction").

[0267] For specific purification means, the classification is described as follows.

[0268] 1. The case of fatty acid coupling with protein or polysaccharide For example, a reaction mixture is obtained by coupling a fatty acid with a protein, polypeptide, and / or polysaccharide, and purified by any one of the methods of dialysis or ultrafiltration. The unreacted fatty acid and the catalyst added during the process are both small molecules, which can be removed by dialysis (for small-scale laboratory preparation) or ultrafiltration (for large-scale production after transformation). The specific purification process is that after the reaction, dialysis is carried out. A dialysis bag (the cut-off molecular weight can be 500 - 1000, 1000 - 1500, 1500 - 3000) is selected for dialysis, and the water is changed every 4 hours for 24 hours. The molecular weights of small molecule compounds are all less than 500, and the catalyst and unreacted fatty acid in the reaction solution can be removed.

[0269] 2. Case of Fatty Acid - Coupled Small Molecules When fatty acids are coupled with small molecules, molecular sieve chromatography can be used for purification. Since there are differences in the molecular weights between the coupled products and the reaction substrates, and the molecular weight of the product is also larger than that of the catalyst molecule, size - exclusion method can be used for separation. The packing materials can be selected from those made of dextran, agarose, polypropylene, etc., such as commercial Shephadex, Sephacryl, Shepharose, EMD SEC, Bio - Gel P, Bio - Gel A, etc. After chromatographic purification, the eluates are collected step - by - step. Any one of the phenol - sulfuric acid method, ninhydrin method, ultraviolet spectrophotometry, barium chloride - iodine solution method, and sulfuric acid - formaldehyde colorimetric method, etc. can be used to detect the eluates. The first elution peak is combined to obtain the product of the reaction. Taking Shephadex G10 as an example, the size of the chromatographic column and the elution flow rate can be optimized and adjusted according to different production scales. The specific description is as follows: 2.1. (Fatty Acid - Coupled Monosaccharide or Disaccharide) After the reaction is completed, chromatographic purification is carried out. The reaction solution is added to a Shephadex G10 chromatographic column and eluted with physiological saline. The reaction product is eluted first. The eluates are collected step - by - step and detected by the phenol - sulfuric acid method. The first elution peak is combined to obtain the reaction product.

[0270] Detection by the phenol - sulfuric acid method: Take 100 μl of the sample in the collection tube and place it in a stoppered test tube. Using deionized water as the blank, add 100 μl of 5% phenol solution, shake well, quickly add 500 μl of concentrated sulfuric acid, shake, quickly transfer it to a water bath at 80 °C and keep it warm for 10 min, cool it in an ice bath for 3 min, and measure the absorbance at 487 nm.

[0271] 2.2. (Fatty Acid - Coupled Amino Acid) After the reaction is completed, chromatographic purification is carried out. The reaction solution is added to a Shephadex G10 chromatographic column and eluted with physiological saline. The reaction product is eluted first. The eluates are collected step - by - step and detected by the ninhydrin method. The first elution peak is combined to obtain the reaction product.

[0272] Detection by the ninhydrin method: Take 200 μl of the sample in the collection tube and place it in a stoppered test tube. Using deionized water as the blank, add 300 μl of 2% ninhydrin solution, 200 μl of sodium acetate buffer (pH 6), shake well, place it in a water bath at 90 °C and heat for 15 min, cool it in an ice bath for 3 min, add 300 μl of deionized water, mix well, and measure the absorbance at 568 nm.

[0273] 2.3. (Fatty Acid - Coupled Ascorbic Acid) After the reaction was completed, chromatography purification was carried out. The reaction solution was added to a Shephadex G10 chromatography column and eluted with physiological saline. The reaction product was eluted first. The eluate was collected step by step, and the absorbance of the eluate was detected by ultraviolet spectrophotometry (243 nm). The first elution peak was combined to obtain the reaction product.

[0274] 2.4. (Fatty acid-coupled nucleotide) After the reaction was completed, chromatography purification was carried out. The reaction solution was added to a Shephadex G10 chromatography column and eluted with physiological saline. The reaction product was eluted first. The eluate was collected step by step, and the absorbance of the eluate was detected by ultraviolet spectrophotometry (260 nm). The first elution peak was combined to obtain the reaction product.

[0275] 2.5. (Fatty acid-PEG coupling) After the reaction was completed, chromatography purification was carried out. The reaction solution was added to a Shephadex G10 chromatography column and eluted with physiological saline. The reaction product was eluted first. The eluate was collected step by step and detected by the barium chloride-iodine solution method. The first elution peak was combined to obtain the reaction product.

[0276] Detection method of barium chloride-iodine solution (modified according to the method in General Principles 3202, Fourth Part of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)): Take 100 μl of the sample in the collection tube and place it in a stoppered test tube. Using deionized water as the blank, add 300 μl of deionized water, 100 μl of 5% barium chloride solution, and 50 μl of 0.1 mol / L iodine solution. Shake well and incubate at room temperature for 15 min. Measure the absorbance at 535 nm.

[0277] 2.6. (Steroid complex) After the reaction was completed, chromatography purification was carried out. The reaction solution was added to a Shephadex G10 chromatography column (Φ26 mm × 50 cm) and eluted with physiological saline at a flow rate of 50 ml / h. The eluate was collected step by step and detected by the sulfuric acid-formaldehyde colorimetric method. The first elution peak was combined to obtain the reaction product.

[0278] Sulfuric acid-formaldehyde colorimetric method: Take 100 μl of the sample in the collection tube and place it in a stoppered test tube. Using deionized water as the blank, add 500 μl of concentrated sulfuric acid and 20 μl of formaldehyde. Shake well and incubate at room temperature for 5 min. Then add 500 μl of deionized water and shake evenly. Measure the absorbance at 365 nm.

[0279] Specifically, the present invention provides a method for preparing a complex having a (functional part + macromolecular water-soluble part / binding part), which uses fatty acids as carbon chain donors and grafts fatty acids onto serum albumin to form a complex under the action of a catalyst. Among them, the molar ratio of fatty acids to serum albumin (wherein human serum albumin has a total of 585 amino acids, bovine serum albumin has a total of 607 amino acids, and the molecular weights are both calculated as 66 kDa) is 20:1 - 1:1, and the molar ratio of the catalyst to fatty acids is 0.5:1 - 10:1. The catalyst can be one or several of EDC, DCC, NHS, DMAP, HoBt and its derivative analogs, etc. The carbon chain of the fatty acid is the functional part, and serum albumin is the water-soluble part and the binding part.

[0280] The reaction formula is as follows:

[0281] R represents the carbon chains of fatty acids selected from fumaric acid, octanoic acid, undecanoic acid, hexadecenoic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and triacontenoic acid, respectively reacting with serum albumin. Preferably, the molar ratio of fatty acids to albumin (human serum albumin has a total of 585 amino acids, bovine serum albumin has a total of 607 amino acids, and the molecular weights are both calculated as 66 kDa) is 20:1 - 1:1, and the molar ratio of the catalyst to fatty acids is 0.5:1 - 10:1, preferably 1:1 - 10:1; more preferably, the molar ratio of fatty acids to albumin is 10:1, and the molar ratio of the catalyst to fatty acids is 1:1; the catalyst can be one or several of EDC, DCC, NHS, DMAP, HoBt and its derivative analogs, etc. The catalyst is preferably 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide (sulfo-NHS), wherein the molar ratio of 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) to N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide (sulfo-NHS) is 0.1:1 - 10:1, preferably 1:1.

[0282] It was found that in the compounds obtained by further reacting the above fatty acids with serum albumin, the total fatty acid binding efficiency to amino acids was 0.10 - 15%. Among them, one molecule of protein bound 7 - 24 molecules of linolenic acid, preferably 8 molecules of linolenic acid. Among them, in the compound obtained by reacting docosenoic acid with serum albumin, one molecule of serum protein bound 6 - 24 molecules of docosahexaenoic acid, preferably 10 molecules of docosahexaenoic acid. Among them, one molecule of serum protein bound 1 - 24 molecules of oleic acid, preferably 1 molecule of oleic acid. Among them, one molecule of protein bound about 6 - 24 eicosapentaenoic acids, and preferably 17 EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) molecules were bonded to the amino group of the amino acid of 1 protein molecule in the form of dehydration of one molecule of water. Among them, one molecule of serum albumin bound about 11 - 16 molecules of linoleic acid, and preferably 13 molecules of linoleic acid were bonded to the amino acid of 1 protein molecule in the form of dehydration of one molecule of water, and all were bound to the free amino group of lysine in the form of amide bonds, and the total amino acid substitution degree was more than 1.9%. Among them, one serum albumin bound about 6 - 15 DHA molecules, and preferably 9 DHA molecules were bonded to the amino group of the amino acid of 1 protein molecule in the form of dehydration of one molecule of water.

[0283] In addition, the present invention also provides a preparation method of a complex composed of (functional part + macromolecular water-soluble part / binding part), which uses unsaturated fatty acids as carbon chain donors, and under the action of a catalyst, reacts fatty acids with hyaluronic acid to form a complex (wherein the preferred preparation process is to first add a catalyst to react fatty acids with hyaluronic acid to obtain an intermediate product, and then add sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value to neutral and continue the reaction to obtain the complex). Among them, the molar ratio of the carboxyl group of the fatty acid to the hydroxyl group of hyaluronic acid is 4n:1 - 1:1 (n refers to the number of repetitions of a single molecule of hyaluronic acid), and the molar ratio of the catalyst to the fatty acid is 0.5:1 - 10:1, preferably 1:1 - 10:1. The catalyst can be one or several of EDC, DCC, NHS, DMAP, HoBt and their derivatives and analogs, etc. The catalyst is preferably carbodiimide and succinimide, and the molar ratio of the two is 0.1:1 - 10:1. Among them, the carbon chain of the fatty acid is the functional part, and hyaluronic acid is the water-soluble part and the binding part.

[0284] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a complex composed of (functional part + targeting binding part / hydrophilic part), which uses unsaturated fatty acids as carbon chain donors. Under the action of a catalyst, fatty acids are reacted with a polypeptide such as SBP1 (ACE2 derived peptide; binds SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain, and its sequence is: IEEQAKTFLDKFNHEAEDLFYQS (modification: Ser-23 = C-terminal amide)) to form a complex. Among them, the fatty acid is one or more of oleic acid (OA), linoleic acid (LA), linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The molar ratio of the carboxyl group of the fatty acid to the amino group of the polypeptide is 8:1 - 1:4, preferably 2:1. The molar ratio of the catalyst to the fatty acid is 0.5:1 to 10:1. The catalyst can be one or several of EDC, DCC, NHS, DMAP, HoBt and its derivative analogs, etc. The catalyst is preferably carbodiimide and succinimide, and the molar ratio of the two is 0.1:1 - 10:1, preferably 1:1 - 1:10.

[0285] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a complex composed of (functional part + targeting binding part / hydrophilic part), which uses unsaturated fatty acids as carbon chain donors. Under the action of a catalyst, fatty acids are reacted with CD14 to form a complex. Among them, the fatty acid is one or more of oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid. The molar ratio of the carboxyl group of the fatty acid to that of CD14 is 17:1 - 1:1, preferably 17:1. The molar ratio of the catalyst to the fatty acid is 0.5:1 to 10:1. The catalyst can be one or several of EDC, DCC, NHS, DMAP, HoBt and its derivative analogs, etc. The catalyst is preferably carbodiimide and succinimide, and the molar ratio of the two is 0.1:1 - 10:1, preferably 1:1 - 1:10.

[0286] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a complex composed of (medium- and long-chain saturated carbon chain functional part + macromolecular water-soluble part / binding part), which uses medium- and long-chain saturated fatty acids as carbon chain donors, and under the action of a catalyst, reacts fatty acids with hyaluronic acid to form a complex. Among them, the fatty acid is any one or two or more saturated fatty acids with 5-20 carbon atoms, preferably one or two or more saturated fatty acids selected from valeric acid, caproic acid, enanthic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, tridecanoic acid, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, nonadecanoic acid, eicosanoic acid. The molar ratio of the carboxyl group of the fatty acid to the hyaluronic acid is 4n:1-1:1 (n is the number of repetitions of the single molecular unit of hyaluronic acid, and n is an integer from 1 to 2000), and the molar ratio of the catalyst to the fatty acid is 0.5:1-10:1, preferably 0.5:1-2:1; the catalyst is preferably carbodiimide and succinimide, and the molar ratio of the two is 0.1:1-10:1.

[0287] Moreover, tests on the fatty acid-serum protein complex, fatty acid-hyaluronic acid complex, fatty acid-SBP1 complex, fatty acid-CD14 complex, fatty acid-dextran complex, etc. of the present invention show that they can have bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects on any one of the following groups of bacteria: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with a bactericidal rate greater than 99%; they can have bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects on any one of the following groups of fungi: Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Actinomyces viscosus, Chaetomium globosum, Aspergillus verruculosus, and Microsporum canis, with a bactericidal rate greater than 99%; they can have virucidal effects on any one of the following groups of viruses: H7N9 influenza virus, H5N1 influenza virus, HIV virus, novel coronavirus, HPV virus, and rabies virus, and the virucidal rate all reaches more than 99%.

[0288] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a complex composed of (functional part + small molecule water-soluble part / binding part), which uses fatty acids as carbon chain donors. Under the action of a catalyst, fatty acids are reacted with monosaccharides such as glucose and sucrose; or fatty acids are reacted with nucleotides (such as adenosine monophosphate), amino acids, water-soluble vitamins, low-polymerization-degree PEG400-COOH, substances with a carbon chain having a cyclic structure such as taurocholic acid (sodium) (for example, the complex of 4-octenedioic acid and taurocholic acid), etc. to form a complex (wherein the preferred preparation process is to add a catalyst to react fatty acids with monosaccharides such as glucose to obtain a complex, and the pH value of the obtained intermediate product solution can be adjusted to neutral with sodium hydroxide as needed and continue the reaction to obtain the final complex; it is also preferred to further purify the obtained reaction product mixed solution). Among them, the fatty acid is preferably octanoic acid, and the molar ratio of the carboxyl group of the fatty acid to water-soluble small molecules such as glucose, sucrose, nucleotides (such as adenosine monophosphate), amino acids, water-soluble complex vitamins, low-polymerization-degree PEG400-COOH, etc. is 1:1 - 1:4, and the molar ratio of the catalyst to the fatty acid is 0.5:1 - 10:1, preferably 1:1 - 10:1. The catalyst is carbodiimide and succinimide or carbodiimide and dimethylaminopyridine, and the molar ratio of the two is 0.1:1 - 10:1, preferably 1:1. Among them, the bacteriostatic rate of the fatty acid-small molecule water-soluble molecule complex obtained by the present invention is greater than 99%. The bacteria are any one selected from Escherichia coli, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; it can have a bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect on any one of the following fungal groups: Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Actinomyces viscosus, Chaetomium globosum, Aspergillus verruculosus, and Microsporum canis, and the bactericidal rate is greater than 99%; it can have a virucidal effect on any one of the following virus groups: H7N9 influenza virus, H5N1 influenza virus, HIV virus, novel coronavirus, HPV virus, and rabies virus, and the virucidal rate all reaches more than 99%.

[0289] In a further preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a complex obtained by reacting a fatty acid with an amino acid, wherein the fatty acid is selected from one or more of n-octanoic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid; and the amino acid is selected from one or more of serine, threonine, and lysine.

[0290] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a complex having (water-soluble part + non-covalent coupling of functional part), which uses unsaturated fatty acids, fatty acid esters, or lecithin as carbon chain donors, and mixes them with proteins, polysaccharides, or amino acids to obtain liposomes (for example, stearic acid = glutamic acid liposomes, dodecanoic acid-aspartic acid liposomes, pentacosanoic acid liposomes (liposomes obtained by complexing carboxylated lecithin, β-sitosterol, glycocholic acid sulfate, pentacosanoic acid, and ethanol), fatty acid ethyl ester liposomes (liposomes obtained by complexing surfactants, aminoated lecithin, cholesterol, and fatty acid ethyl ester, and the fatty acid can be medium-chain hexanoic acid (ethyl hexanoate), heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, etc.)). Experiments of the present invention show that the liposomes can be used to have bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects on any one of the bacteria selected from the following bacterial groups: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the bacteriostatic rate is greater than 99%; they can also be used to have bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects on any one of the fungi selected from the following fungal groups: Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Actinomyces viscosus, Chaetomium globosum, Aspergillus verruculosus, and Microsporum canis, and the bacteriostatic rate is greater than 99%. The above liposomes can also be used to have virucidal effects on any one of the viruses selected from the following virus groups: H7N9 influenza virus, H5N1 influenza virus, HIV virus, novel coronavirus, HPV virus, and rabies virus; among them, the virucidal rates of ethyl oleate liposomes and linoleic acid liposomes both reach more than 99%.

[0291] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a complex (mixture) having (amino / carboxyl + water-soluble part + non-covalent coupling of functional part). Preferably, such a mixture can be a lipid emulsion obtained by mixing a surfactant with a fatty acid ester having a carbon chain, for example, a nano-lipid emulsion (with a particle size of 500 nm - 800 nm) obtained from ethyl oleate of liposome emulsion, aminoated lecithin, β-sitosterol, and vitamin E palmitate; it can be a preparation obtained by complexing an unsaturated fatty acid and a carboxylated lecithin liposome (with a particle size of 500 nm - 800 nm), for example, a nano-lipid emulsion (with a particle size of 500 nm - 800 nm) obtained by mixing a surfactant, linoleic acid, β-sitosterol, and carboxylated lecithin.

[0292] Experimental evidence of the present invention shows that the above-mentioned nano-liposome emulsion can be used to have bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects on any bacterium selected from the following group of bacteria: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with a bacteriostatic rate greater than 99%. It can also be used to have bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects on any fungus selected from the following group of fungi: Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Actinomyces viscosus, Chaetomium globosum, Aspergillus verruculosus, and Microsporum canis, with a bacteriostatic rate greater than 99%. The above-mentioned nano-liposome emulsion can also be used to have virucidal effects on any virus selected from the following group of viruses: H7N9 influenza virus, H5N1 influenza virus, HIV virus, novel coronavirus, HPV virus, and rabies virus; among them, the virucidal rates of ethyl oleate liposome and linoleic acid liposome both reach more than 99%.

[0293] Furthermore, the complex can be made into injection, nasal spray, dry powder inhalant, oral dosage form, skin topical dosage form, disinfectant, etc.

[0294] Among them, the oral preparation can be liquid (e.g., syrup, solution or suspension) or solid (e.g., infusion, tablet or capsule). The oral preparation can be conjugated with a targeting ligand to cross the endothelial barrier. Some fatty acid derivative preparations can be spray-dried with, for example, a disaccharide to form a fatty acid derivative powder. The solid composition can be prepared by conventional methods using pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, such as binders (e.g., pre-gelatinized corn starch, polyvinylpyrrolidone or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose); fillers (e.g., lactose, mannitol, microcrystalline cellulose or calcium hydrogen phosphate); lubricants (e.g., magnesium stearate, talc or silica); disintegrants (e.g., potato starch or sodium carboxymethyl starch); or wetting agents (e.g., sodium lauryl sulfate). Tablets can be coated with, for example, sugar, film or enteric coating by methods well known in the art. The methods for preparing such dosage forms are known or obvious to those skilled in the art. The emulsion of fatty acids can be taken orally, topically or by injection, and the excipient composition can be appropriately adjusted according to the different administration routes, and other suitable preparation methods can be adopted according to the different properties of the excipients.

[0295] Furthermore, for the skin topical dosage form or disinfectant form, the complex can be directly dissolved in a solvent and added with excipients to make a preparation for killing and preventing viruses, bacteria and fungi.

[0296] Furthermore, a mucosal adsorption promoter needs to be added to the nasal spray and dry powder inhalant; The mucosal adsorbent includes one or more of hyaluronic acid (HA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyethylene glycol (PEG), carbomer (CP), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na), methylcellulose (MC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC).

[0297] Furthermore, the dry powder inhalant is prepared by adding a fatty acid complex solution to the mucosal adsorbent, followed by spray drying or freeze drying to obtain the complex fine powder. Among them, a cryoprotectant needs to be added when preparing the dry powder inhalant by the freeze drying method. The cryoprotectant includes one or more of glycerol, mannitol, sorbitol, inositol, thiol, proline, tryptophan, sodium glutamate, alanine, glycine, lysine hydrochloride, sarcosine, L-tyrosine, phenylalanine, arginine, polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, gelatin, glucose, α-D-mannopyranose, sucrose, lactose, trehalose, cellobiose, mannose, maltose, inositol sugar, inulin, dextran, maltodextrin, maltopolysaccharide, sucrose octasulfate, heparin, 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, Tween 80, Brij, Pluronic, and sodium dodecyl sulfate.

[0298] Furthermore, the viruses include enveloped viruses and non-enveloped viruses, such as coronaviruses, human immunodeficiency virus (also known as HIV), hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, rabies virus, herpes virus, Ebola virus, hantavirus, dengue virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, Zika virus, influenza virus, hepatitis A virus, human papillomavirus, adenovirus, poliovirus, and Coxsackie virus. The coronaviruses include HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, SARS-CoV, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2.

[0299] Furthermore, the bacteria include Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria. Among them, the Gram-positive bacteria include Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus, Clostridium, Listeria, and Corynebacterium, including Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, Enterococcus, Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium difficile, Clostridium tetani, Listeria monocytogenes, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

[0300] Gram-negative bacteria include Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Shigella dysenteriae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Brucella, Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Acinetobacter, Yersinia, Legionella pneumophila, Bordetella pertussis, Bordetella parapertussis, Neisseria, Shigella, Salmonella, Pasteurella, Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahemolyticus, and Plesiomonas shigelloides.

[0301] The bacteria include clinically common multi-drug resistant organisms (MDROs), such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin- and sulperazon (cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium)-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBLs)-producing Enterobacteriaceae bacteria (such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae), carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae bacteria, multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR-PA), and multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB).

[0302] Furthermore, the fungi include Pathogenic fungi: Histoplasma, Coccidioides, Coccidioides immitis, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Dematiaceous fungi, Madurella mycetomatis, Sporothrix schenckii; Opportunistic pathogenic fungi: Candida, Cryptococcus, Aspergillus, Actinomyces, Fusarium, and fungi of the genera Nocardia, Scedosporium, Mucorales, and Dematiaceae.

[0303] Furthermore, the chlamydia include Chlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Chlamydia psittaci; the mycoplasma include Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis, and Mycoplasma genitalium.

[0304] Furthermore, the mechanism of action of the complex on microorganisms is as follows: (1) A binding moiety + a medium / short-chain / long-chain functional moiety + a macromolecular water-soluble moiety are coupled to form Complex I. Complex I can remain on the surface of the respiratory mucosa or in the bloodstream, inactivate viruses, bacteria, or fungi in the first instance, and prevent the spread of viruses, bacteria, or fungi in the body. The macromolecular Complex I cannot enter normal tissues and can only enter the inflamed sites infected by viruses, bacteria, or fungi to exert its effect; (2) A binding moiety + a medium / short-chain / long-chain functional moiety + a water-soluble targeting polypeptide group / two or more small molecule water-soluble moieties are coupled to form Complex II. Complex II can cross the blood vessel wall and enter the tissue space and interstitial fluid to target microorganisms and exert its effect; (3) The combination part + the medium / short-chain or long-chain acting part + the water-soluble polypeptide targeting group / small molecule water-soluble part + the water-soluble macromolecular polymer are conjugated to form complex III. The complex III can be retained on the respiratory mucosa surface or in the blood circulation to inactivate viruses, bacteria or fungi in the first instance and prevent the spread of viruses, bacteria or fungi in the body. The macromolecular complex III cannot enter normal tissues and can only act on the inflamed sites infected by viruses, bacteria or fungi.

[0305] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the complex can kill microorganisms including viruses, bacteria, fungi, chlamydia and mycoplasma; the viruses include enveloped viruses such as coronavirus, influenza virus, AIDS virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, herpes virus, Zika virus, dengue virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, Ebola virus, hantavirus, etc., and non-enveloped viruses such as hepatitis A virus, human papillomavirus, poliovirus, coxsackievirus, etc.

[0306] The coronavirus preferably includes HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, SARS-CoV, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2.

[0307] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the pharmaceutical dosage forms include dry powder inhalers, nasal sprays, injections, oral dosage forms, and topical skin dosage forms.

[0308] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, for coronavirus (preferably SARS-CoV-2 virus), rabies virus, and influenza virus, the pharmaceutical dosage forms are dry powder inhalers, nasal sprays, injections, and topical skin dosage forms; In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, for HIV virus, the pharmaceutical dosage forms are injections and oral formulations; in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, for HPV virus, the pharmaceutical dosage forms are injections and oral formulations.

[0309] Fatty acids and / or their derivatives are combined according to the number of binding sites on the surface of proteins, polypeptides or polysaccharides.

[0310] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the pharmaceutical excipients include pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

[0311] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the nasal spray excipients include: glucose, cyclodextrin, microcrystalline cellulose and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium bisulfite, deoxycholic acid, thiourea, urea, hydroquinone, phenol, silica gel, graphite, protein, benzyl alcohol, phenethyl alcohol, benzalkonium chloride, emulsifiers such as Tween 80, tocopherol, methyl methacrylate hydroxypropyl, gelatin, chitosan, alginate, gum arabic, polymers such as polylactic acid and polyglycolic acid, dilute hydrochloric acid, alcohol, pure water, etc.

[0312] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the dry powder inhaler excipients include mucosal absorption promoters, such as one or more of hyaluronic acid (HA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyethylene glycol (PEG), carbomer (CP), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na), methylcellulose (MC), hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC); lyoprotectants, such as one or more of glycerol, mannitol, sorbitol, inositol, thiol, proline, tryptophan, sodium glutamate, alanine, glycine, lysine hydrochloride, sarcosine, L-tyrosine, phenylalanine, arginine, polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, gelatin, glucose, α-D-mannopyranose, sucrose, lactose, trehalose, cellobiose, mannose, maltose, inositol, inulin, dextran, maltodextrin, maltopolysaccharide, sucrose octasulfate, heparin, 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, Tween 80, Brij, Pluronic and sodium dodecylsulfonate.

[0313] The application of the complex and its preparation with the efficacy of preventing and treating viral, bacterial and fungal infections in the prevention or treatment of various viral, bacterial and fungal infectious diseases; the specific application methods include that it can be used before infection to prevent viral, bacterial and fungal infections; it can be used after infection to kill viruses, bacteria and fungi in the body; it can disinfect articles and the environment to prevent the spread of viruses, bacteria and fungi.

[0314] In the present invention, it can be understood that the use of the complex for preparing drugs for preventing and / or treating viral (enveloped viruses and non-enveloped viruses), bacterial and fungal infectious diseases all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0315] The present invention will be further described below through specific examples. However, it should be understood that these examples are only for more detailed description and should not be construed as limiting the present invention in any form. The methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the consumables and reagents used in the following examples are all commercially available or synthesized by oneself unless otherwise specified.

[0316] In the embodiments of the present invention, the list of equipment and instruments is shown in Table 1-1 below, and the sources of each microorganism are shown in Tables 1-2, 1-3, and 1-4 below. In addition, except for specifically stating their preparation methods, the raw materials of each substance used to prepare the composite of the present invention are substances that can be routinely commercially purchased by those skilled in the art. Only the commercial sources of some macromolecules, medium molecules, or oligomers in the embodiments of the present invention are listed below, as specifically shown in Tables 1-5a and 1-5b.

[0317] Table 1-1 Names of equipment and instruments in the embodiments Serial number Name Model 1 Stirrer IKA RH basic 1 2 Freeze dryer Telstar LYOQUEST-85 3 Fourier transform infrared spectrometer Nicolet iS 5 4 Transmission electron microscope Tecnai G2 Spirit BioTWIN 5 Scanning electron microscope Hitachi TM3030 6 Energy dispersive spectrometer Oxford AZtecOne 7 Inverted laboratory microscope Leica DM IL LED 8 Inverted fluorescence microscope Leica DM IL LED 9 <![CDATA[CO 2 incubator]]> Themo Heracell VIOS 160i 10 Microbial incubator Thermo Heratherm IMH100 SS 11 Multifunctional microplate reader TECAN Spark 12 Refrigerated centrifuge Thermo Fresco 17 13 Vacuum freeze dryer Thermo Savant DNA120 14 Nano liquid phase system Thermo Easy-nLC1200 15 High resolution mass spectrometer Thermo Q Exactive Table 1-2 Sources of each virus in the embodiments Table 1-3 Sources of each bacterium in the embodiments Table 1-4 Sources of each fungus in the embodiments Table 1-5a Sources of macromolecules, medium molecules, or oligomers in the embodiments Table 1-5b Sources of macromolecules, medium molecules, or oligomers in the embodiments Example 1 Preparation and Characterization of Human Serum Albumin / Bovine Serum Albumin Grafted Fatty Acid Composite (Functional Part + Macromolecular Water-Soluble Part / Binding Part) The reaction formula Example 1-1 is as follows: In this embodiment, the molar ratio of fatty acid to albumin is 10:1. The fatty acids selected are fumaric acid, octanoic acid, undecanoic acid, hexadecenoic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and tricosenoic acid, which are respectively reacted with serum albumin. The molar ratio of the catalyst to the fatty acid is 1:1, and the catalyst selected is 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide (sulfo-NHS). The reaction process is as follows: Precisely weigh 0.36 mmol of fatty acid, 0.36 mmol of EDC, and 0.36 mmol of sulfo-NHS; add acid to catalyze and activate the carboxyl group to form activated fatty acid; stir and activate for 15 min under ice bath. Precisely weigh 0.0375 mmol of bovine serum albumin (2.5 g calculated by mass), dissolve it in 5 ml of PBS solution (phosphate buffer solution), add NaOH solution to adjust the pH to neutral, and stir evenly to obtain a serum albumin solution. Add the obtained serum albumin solution to the stirring activated fatty acid, and continue to stir and react overnight under ice bath to obtain a fatty acid-serum albumin complex solution with a concentration of 72 mM. Precipitate the above solution with ice acetone, and then wash the unreacted fatty acid in the precipitate with ethanol. Dialyze the precipitate until it is completely dissolved, and at the same time remove small molecule impurities (dialyze using a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cut-off of 500 - 1000, change water every 4 h, and small molecule compounds have a molecular weight less than 500 and can be removed). Then, perform gradient low-temperature drying in a freeze-drying machine (-80 °C low-temperature pre-freezing for 24 h and vacuum for 12 h, -20 °C vacuum for 12 h, 4 °C continue to vacuum for more than 24 h until the product is completely dry) to obtain a complex of fatty acid-linked serum albumin. The complex obtained by this vacuum drying is used for the performance evaluation of the subsequent action on microorganisms. Prepare serum albumin compounds of fumaric acid, caprylic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, EPA, DHA, and triacontenoic acid according to the above method, and the yields are 68.2% for fumaric acid, 68.7% for caprylic acid, 68.9% for undecanoic acid, 69.3% for hexadecenoic acid, 68.4% for oleic acid, 68.2% for linoleic acid, 69.0% for linolenic acid, 68.7% for EPA, 68.6% for DHA, and 67.8% for triacontenoic acid. Here, the yields all refer to the mass ratio of the final product to the total mass of the original reactants.

[0318] Among them, for linolenic acid-serum albumin, the Fourier transform infrared spectrum is as Figure 1 shown. Compared with serum albumin, for serum albumin grafted with linolenic acid (ALA-HSA), new absorption peaks appear at 1245 cm -1 and 1042 cm -1 wave numbers, which are attributed to γ = C-H (out-of-plane bending vibration of unsaturated carbon-hydrogen bond) and the ν C-N absorption peak of amide, serving as evidence for the group recognition of the amide bond; after grafting, the absorption peak of the olefin at 1710 cm -1 wave number shifts to the low wave band due to conjugation, all of which come from the grafted small molecule linolenic acid (ALA). Therefore, it can be preliminarily judged that ALA has been successfully grafted onto the molecular chain of serum albumin.

[0319] As Figure 2As shown, the protein electrophoresis of fumaric acid-serum albumin complex, linolenic acid-serum albumin complex, eicosapentaenoic acid-serum albumin complex, and docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin complex shows that the molecular weight of the product is between 60,000 and 75,000 Da, indicating that the serum albumin molecules themselves do not polymerize. Since small molecules are linked, the change in molecular weight is not obvious.

[0320] The modification sites of serum albumin molecules were analyzed by LC-MS for linolenic acid-serum albumin and DHA-serum albumin, which are respectively Figure 3A and Figure 3B , and Figure 4A and Figure 4B . From the results in the figure and the sequence alignment with bovine serum albumin (bovine serum albumin has a total of 607 amino acids, including 60 lysines, 17 glycines, 48 alanines, 38 valines, 65 leucines, 15 isoleucines, 30 phenylalanines, 3 tryptophans, 21 tyrosines, 40 aspartic acids, 14 asparagines, 59 glutamic acids, 20 glutamines, 5 methionines, 32 serines, 34 threonines, 35 cysteines, 28 prolines, 17 histidines, and 26 arginines), it can be obtained that 1 molecule of serum albumin binds 8 molecules of linolenic acid, and the total fatty acid-binding amino acid efficiency is 1.32%. Among them, 1 molecule is bound to threonine, and the substitution degree of threonine is 2.94%; 1 molecule is bound to phenylalanine, and the substitution degree of phenylalanine is 3.33%; 1 molecule is bound to proline, and the substitution degree of proline is 3.57%; 5 molecules are bound to lysine, and the substitution degree of fatty acid at lysine is 8.33%. 1 molecule of serum albumin binds 10 molecules of docosahexaenoic acid, and the total fatty acid-binding amino acid efficiency is 1.65%. Among them, 1 molecule is bound to glutamic acid, and the substitution degree of glutamic acid is 1.69%; 1 molecule is bound to tyrosine, and the substitution degree of tyrosine is 4.76%; 2 molecules are bound to leucine, and the substitution degree of leucine is 3.08%; 2 molecules are cysteine, and the substitution degree of cysteine is 5.71%; 4 molecules are bound to lysine, and the substitution degree of lysine is 6.67%.

[0321] In this example, serum albumin is both the water-soluble part and the binding part, and the fatty acid carbon chain is the functional part.

[0322] Example 2 Preparation and Characterization of Bovine Serum Albumin Grafted Fatty Acid Complex (Functional Part + Macromolecular Water-Soluble Part / Binding Part) Accurately weigh 0.36 mmol of oleic acid; 0.36 mmol of EDC; 0.36 mmol of sulfo-NHS, add acid to catalyze and activate the carboxyl group to obtain activated oleic acid; stir and activate for 10 min under ice bath. Accurately weigh 0.018 mmol of bovine serum albumin (1.2 g calculated by mass), dissolve it in 5 ml of PBS solution, add NaOH solution to adjust the pH to neutral, stir evenly to obtain a serum albumin solution. Add the serum albumin solution to the stirring activated oleic acid, and continue to stir and react overnight under ice bath to obtain a preliminary solution of oleic acid-albumin with an oleic acid concentration of 72 mM. Precipitate the above solution with ice acetone, then remove the unreacted fatty acids with ethanol, and dialyze to remove small molecule impurities (dialyze using a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cut-off of 500 - 1000, change the water every 4 h, and the molecular weights of small molecule compounds are all less than 500 and can be removed). Then perform gradient low-temperature drying in a freeze-vacuum dryer (-80 °C for low-temperature pre-freezing for 24 h and vacuum for 12 h, -20 °C for vacuum for 12 h, 4 °C for continuous vacuum for more than 24 h until the product is completely dry), and the yield is 68%; use the complex obtained by this vacuum drying for the performance evaluation of acting on microorganisms later.

[0323] Analyze the molecular structure of bovine serum albumin by LC-MS method (bovine serum albumin has a total of 607 amino acids, including 60 lysines, 17 glycines, 48 alanines, 38 valines, 65 leucines, 15 isoleucines, 30 phenylalanines, 3 tryptophans, 21 tyrosines, 40 aspartic acids, 14 asparagines, 59 glutamic acids, 20 glutamines, 5 methionines, 32 serines, 34 threonines, 35 cysteines, 28 prolines, 17 histidines, 26 arginines), and it is found that an amidation reaction with the removal of one molecule of water occurs at the position of histidine. The mass spectrometry diagram and the amino acid sequence alignment diagram are respectively Figure 5 and Figure 6 It can be concluded that 1 molecule of oleic acid is coupled to 1 molecule of serum albumin in the serum albumin-oleic acid coupling, and the total substitution degree of fatty acids is 0.16%. Among them, 1 molecule is bound to histidine, and the substitution degree of histidine is 5.88%.

[0324] In this example, serum albumin is both the water-soluble part and the binding part, and the oleic acid carbon chain is the acting part.

[0325] Example 3 Preparation and Characterization of Human Serum Albumin Grafted Fatty Acid Complex (Acting Part + Macromolecular Water-Soluble Part / Binding Part) – Accurately weigh 0.036 mmol of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA); 0.036 mmol of catalyst; add acid to catalytically activate the carboxyl group to obtain activated EPA; stir and activate for 20 min under an ice bath. Accurately weigh 0.036 mmol of bovine serum albumin (about 2.4 g calculated by mass), dissolve it in 24 ml of PBS solution, add NaOH solution to adjust the pH to neutral, stir evenly to obtain a serum albumin solution. Add the serum albumin solution to the stirring activated EPA, and continue to stir and react overnight under an ice bath to obtain a preliminary solution of EPA-serum albumin with an EPA concentration of 1.5 mM. Precipitate the above solution with ice acetone, then remove the unreacted fatty acids with ethanol, and dialyze to remove small molecule impurities (dialyze using a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cut-off of 500 - 1000, change the water every 4 h, and the molecular weights of small molecule compounds are all less than 500, so they can be removed). Then perform gradient low-temperature drying in a freeze-vacuum dryer (-80 °C for low-temperature pre-freezing for 24 h and vacuum for 12 h, -20 °C for vacuum for 20 h, 4 °C for continuous vacuum for more than 24 h until the product is completely dry), and the yield is 79%; use the complex obtained by this vacuum drying for the performance evaluation of acting on microorganisms later.

[0326] The Fourier infrared spectrum is as Figure 7 shown. Compared with human serum albumin, for the serum albumin grafted with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA-HSA), a strong new absorption peak appears at a wavenumber of 1044 cm -1 , which belongs to γ = C-H (out-of-plane bending vibration of unsaturated carbon-hydrogen bond), coming from the grafted small molecule eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). After grafting, the absorption peak of the olefin at a wavenumber of 1708 cm -1 shifts to a lower waveband due to conjugation and becomes the main characteristic peak ν C＝O of the amide. Therefore, it can be preliminarily judged that EPA has been successfully grafted onto the molecular chain of serum albumin.

[0327] In this example, serum albumin is both the water-soluble part and the binding part, and the eicosapentaenoic acid carbon chain is the acting part.

[0328] Example 4 Preparation and Characterization of Bovine Serum Albumin Grafted Fatty Acid Complex (Acting Part + Macromolecular Water-Soluble Part / Binding Part) Accurately weigh 0.036 mmol of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA); 0.036 mmol of catalyst; add acid to catalyze and activate the carboxyl group to obtain activated EPA; stir and activate for 15 min under ice bath. Accurately weigh 0.018 mmol of bovine serum albumin (about 1.2 g calculated by mass), dissolve it in 10 ml of PBS solution, add NaOH solution to adjust the pH to neutral, and stir evenly to obtain a bovine serum albumin solution. Add the bovine serum albumin solution to the stirring activated EPA, and continue to stir and react overnight under ice bath to obtain a preliminary solution of EPA-bovine serum albumin with an EPA concentration of 36 mM. Precipitate the above solution with ice acetone, then remove the unreacted fatty acids with ethanol, and dialyze to remove small molecule impurities (dialyze with a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cut-off of 500 - 1000, change the water every 4 h, and small molecule compounds with a molecular weight less than 500 can be removed). Then, perform gradient low-temperature drying in a freeze-drying machine (-80 °C for low-temperature pre-freezing for 24 h and vacuum for 12 h, -20 °C for vacuum for 15 h, 4 °C for continuous vacuum for more than 24 h until the product is completely dry), and the yield is 79%; use the complex obtained by vacuum drying for the performance evaluation of acting on microorganisms later.

[0329] The settings for each time can be adjusted according to the amount of the prepared solution.

[0330] Analyze the structural changes of bovine serum albumin (bovine serum albumin has a total of 607 amino acids, including 60 lysines, 17 glycines, 48 alanines, 38 valines, 65 leucines, 15 isoleucines, 30 phenylalanines, 3 tryptophans, 21 tyrosines, 40 aspartic acids, 14 asparagines, 59 glutamic acids, 20 glutamines, 5 methionines, 32 serines, 34 threonines, 35 cysteines, 28 prolines, 17 histidines, and 26 arginines) by LC-MS method. The mass spectrometry diagram and the amino acid sequence alignment diagram are respectively Figure 8 and Figure 9 . The conclusion can be drawn that 17 EPA molecules are bonded to the amino groups of amino acids of 1 serum protein molecule in the form of removing one molecule of water. The total fatty acid-binding amino acid efficiency is 2.8%. Among them, 2 molecules of glutamic acid are bound, and the substitution degree of glutamic acid is 3.39%; 2 molecules of histidine are bound, and the substitution degree of histidine is 11.76%; 2 molecules of cysteine are bound, and the substitution degree of cysteine is 5.71%; 1 molecule of leucine, proline, aspartic acid, asparagine, valine, and glutamine are respectively bound, and the substitution degrees are 1.54%, 3.57%, 2.5%, 7.14%, 2.63%, and 5% respectively; 5 molecules of lysine are bound, and the substitution degree is 8.33%.

[0331] In this example, serum albumin serves as both the water-soluble part and the binding part, and the eicosapentaenoic acid carbon chain serves as the functional part.

[0332] Example 5 Preparation and Characterization of Bovine Serum Albumin Grafted Fatty Acid Complex (Functional Part + Macromolecular Water-Soluble Part / Binding Part) Precisely weigh 0.036 mmol of linoleic acid; 0.036 mmol of catalyst; add acid to catalyze and activate the carboxyl group; stir and activate for 10 - 30 min under ice bath to obtain activated linoleic acid. Precisely weigh 0.036 mmol of serum albumin (about 2.4 g calculated by mass), dissolve it in 5 ml of PBS solution, add NaOH solution to adjust the pH to neutral, and stir evenly to obtain a serum albumin solution. Add the serum albumin solution to the stirring activated linoleic acid, and continue to stir and react overnight under ice bath to obtain a crude linoleic acid-serum albumin solution with a linoleic acid concentration of 72 mM. Precipitate the above solution with ice acetone, then remove the unreacted fatty acids with ethanol, and dialyze to remove small molecule impurities (dialyze using a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cut-off of 500 - 1000, change the water every 4 h, and the molecular weights of small molecule compounds are all less than 500, so they can be removed). Then perform gradient low-temperature drying in a freeze-vacuum dryer (-80 °C for low-temperature pre-freezing for 24 h and vacuum for 12 h, -20 °C for vacuum for 12 h, 4 °C for continuous vacuum for more than 24 h until the product is completely dry), and the yield is 79%; use the complex obtained by this vacuum drying for the performance evaluation of acting on microorganisms later.

[0333] Analyze the molecular weight of bovine serum albumin (bovine serum albumin has a total of 607 amino acids, including 60 lysines, 17 glycines, 48 alanines, 38 valines, 65 leucines, 15 isoleucines, 30 phenylalanines, 3 tryptophans, 21 tyrosines, 40 aspartic acids, 14 asparagines, 59 glutamic acids, 20 glutamines, 5 methionines, 32 serines, 34 threonines, 35 cysteines, 28 prolines, 17 histidines, and 26 arginines) by LC-MS method, and the conclusion can be drawn that 12 linoleic acid molecules are combined with the amino acids of 1 serum albumin molecule in the form of removing one molecule of water, and the total degree of substitution is 1.98%. Among them, 11 molecules are bound to lysine, and the substitution degree of lysine is 18.33%, and 1 molecule is bound to aspartic acid, and the substitution degree of aspartic acid is 2.5%. The mass spectrometry diagram and the amino acid sequence alignment diagram are respectively Figure 10 and Figure 11 .

[0334] In this example, serum albumin serves as both the water-soluble part and the binding part, and the linoleic acid carbon chain serves as the functional part.

[0335] Example 6 Preparation and Characterization of Human Serum Albumin / Bovine Serum Albumin Grafted Fatty Acid Complexes (Functional Part + Macromolecular Water-Soluble Part / Binding Part) Precisely weigh 0.36 mmol of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA); 0.36 mmol of catalyst; add acid to catalyze and activate the carboxyl group to obtain activated DHA; stir and activate for 10 - 30 min under ice bath. Precisely weigh 0.036 mmol of serum albumin (about 2.4 g calculated by mass), dissolve it in 5 ml of physiological saline, add NaOH solution to adjust the pH to neutral, and stir evenly to obtain a serum albumin solution. Add the serum albumin solution to the stirred activated DHA, and continue to stir and react overnight under ice bath to obtain a DHA-albumin solution with a concentration of 72 mM (here the concentration refers to the molar concentration of the complex DHA-albumin in the reaction mixture solution, and has a similar meaning in the following examples). Precipitate the above solution with ice acetone, then use ethanol to remove the unreacted fatty acids, and dialyze to remove small molecule impurities (dialyze using a dialysis bag with a cut-off molecular weight of 500 - 1000, change the water every 4 h, and the molecular weights of small molecule compounds are all less than 500 and can be removed). Then perform gradient low-temperature drying in a freeze-vacuum dryer (-80 °C for low-temperature pre-freezing for 24 h and vacuum for 12 h, -20 °C for vacuum for 12 h, 4 °C for continuous vacuum for more than 24 h until the product is completely dry), and the yield is 79%; use the complex obtained by this vacuum drying for the subsequent performance evaluation of acting on microorganisms.

[0336] The Fourier infrared spectrum is as Figure 12 shown. Compared with docosahexaenoic acid, a strong new absorption peak appears at 1044 cm- 1 wave number for serum albumin grafted with docosahexaenoic acid, which belongs to γ = C-H (out-of-plane bending vibration of unsaturated carbon-hydrogen bond), coming from the grafted small molecule docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). After grafting, the absorption peak of the olefin at 1708 cm -1 wave number shifts to the low wave band due to conjugation. This is because the ν C＝O of the carboxyl group in docosahexaenoic acid becomes the ν C＝O of the amide bond after binding with serum albumin. Therefore, it can be preliminarily judged that DHA has been successfully grafted onto the molecular chain of serum albumin.

[0337] Further analyze the structural changes of bovine serum albumin (bovine serum albumin has a total of 607 amino acids, including 60 lysines, 17 glycines, 48 alanines, 38 valines, 65 leucines, 15 isoleucines, 30 phenylalanines, 3 tryptophans, 21 tyrosines, 40 aspartic acids, 14 asparagines, 59 glutamic acids, 20 glutamines, 5 methionines, 32 serines, 34 threonines, 35 cysteines, 28 prolines, 17 histidines, and 26 arginines) by LC-MS method. The mass spectrometry and amino acid sequence alignment diagrams are respectively Figure 13 and Figure 14 . It can be concluded that 9 DHA molecules are bonded to the amino group of the amino acid of 1 serum albumin molecule in the form of removing one molecule of water. The total fatty acid substitution degree is 1.48%. Among them, 1 molecule is bound to phenylalanine, and the substitution degree of phenylalanine is 3.33%; 2 molecules are bound to glutamic acid, and the substitution degree of glutamic acid is 3.39%; 2 molecules are bound to cysteine, and the substitution degree of cysteine is 5.71%; 4 molecules are bound to lysine, and the substitution degree of lysine is 6.67%.

[0338] In this example, serum albumin is both the water-soluble part and the binding part, and the docosahexaenoic acid carbon chain is the functional part.

[0339] Example 7 Preparation of unsaturated fatty acid-coupled hyaluronic acid complex (functional part + macromolecular water-soluble part / binding part) There are 4 alcoholic hydroxyl groups on a single hyaluronic acid unit that can undergo an esterification reaction with the carboxyl group of the fatty acid molecule.

[0340] According to the molar ratio of fatty acid carboxyl group to hyaluronic acid hydroxyl group of 4n:1 to 1:1, and the molar ratio of catalyst to fatty acid carboxyl group of 10:1 - 1:1, the catalyst can be one or several of EDC, DCC, NHS, DMAP, HoBt and its derivative analogs, etc.

[0341] Specifically, in this example, 0.001 mmol of linoleic acid was accurately weighed, 0.001 mmol of catalyst EDC and 0.001 mmol of DMAP were added, and the mixture was stirred and activated with an acid solution for 10 min to obtain activated linoleic acid. 0.0025 mmol of hyaluronic acid (taking a molecular weight of 200 kDa as an example, 20 mg in terms of mass) was accurately weighed, dissolved in 5 ml of physiological saline, and the pH was adjusted to neutral with a NaOH solution, and then stirred evenly to obtain a hyaluronic acid solution. The hyaluronic acid solution was added to the stirring activated linoleic acid, and the reaction was continued to stir at room temperature for 12 h to obtain a linoleic acid-hyaluronic acid solution with a concentration of 72 mM. After the reaction, the linoleic acid-hyaluronic acid reaction solution was dialyzed using a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cut-off of 500-1000 to purify the compound obtained from the reaction. The water was changed every 4 h (the molecular weights of the catalyst and unreacted fatty acids are both less than 500 and can be removed), and dialysis was carried out for 24 h. The acquisition efficiency of the product was calculated in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2, and the yield was 75%. The Fourier infrared spectrum of linoleic acid-hyaluronic acid is as shown in Figure 15 shown, and the absorption peak at 1735 cm -1 appeared in the complex, which belongs to the νC=O absorption peak. Therefore, it can be preliminarily judged that linoleic acid was successfully grafted onto the hyaluronic acid molecular chain.

[0342] In this example, hyaluronic acid is both the water-soluble part and the binding part, and the linoleic acid carbon chain is the functional part.

[0343] Example 8 Preparation of polyunsaturated fatty acid-coupled hyaluronic acid complex (functional part + macromolecular water-soluble part / binding part) 0.36 mmol of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was accurately weighed, 0.36 mmol of catalyst EDC and 0.36 mmol of DMAP were added, and the mixture was stirred and activated with an acid solution for 10 min to obtain activated DHA. 0.045 mmol of hyaluronic acid (taking a molecular weight of 50 kDa as an example, 2.5 mg in terms of mass) was accurately weighed, dissolved in 5 ml of physiological saline, and the pH was adjusted to neutral with a NaOH solution, and then stirred evenly to obtain a hyaluronic acid solution. The hyaluronic acid solution was added to the stirring activated DHA, and the reaction was continued to stir at room temperature for 8-24 h to obtain a DHA-hyaluronic acid solution with a concentration of 72 mM. The reaction solution was purified using the same purification operation steps as in Example 7 to purify the compound obtained from the reaction and remove the unreacted fatty acids and catalyst. The acquisition efficiency of the product was calculated in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2, and it was 70%. The Fourier infrared spectrum of docosahexaenoic acid-hyaluronic acid is as shown in Figure 16 shown. Due to the ring tension of the six-membered ring of hyaluronic acid, the ν at 1412 cm -1 frequency increases, and the complex has a ν at 1649 cm C＝C frequency, and the complex has an absorption peak at 1649 cm -1and 1568 cm -1 Absorption peaks appeared at the wavenumbers, causing the ν C＝O absorption peak (1649 cm -1 ) to shift to a lower wavenumber range (the characteristic ν C＝O absorption peak in general esters is at 1750 - 1735 cm -1 ). Therefore, it can be preliminarily judged that docosahexaenoic acid has been successfully grafted onto the hyaluronic acid molecular chain.

[0344] The eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-hyaluronic acid complex was prepared using the same method for subsequent experiments.

[0345] In this example, hyaluronic acid serves as both the water-soluble part and the binding part, while the carbon chains of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid are the functional parts. Example 9 Preparation of Unsaturated Fatty Acid-Polypeptide Complex (Functional Part + Targeting Binding Part / Water-Soluble Part) Fatty acids are bonded to the molecular structure of polypeptides through amide bonds (the free carboxyl group of fatty acids and the free amino group of polypeptides) and ester bonds (the free carboxyl group of fatty acids and the free hydroxyl group of polypeptides).

[0347] Taking the polypeptide SBP1 (ACE2 derived peptide; binds SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain) as an example, its sequence is: IEEQAKTFLDKFNHEAEDLFYQS (modification: Ser-23 = C-terminal amide), containing 6 free amino groups; the carboxyl group of the fatty acid reacts with the amino group, using the polypeptide as a carrier, the molar ratio of fatty acid to polypeptide is 8:1 - 1:4, and the molar ratio of catalyst to fatty acid is 0.5:1 - 10:1. Using carbodiimide and succinimide as catalysts, the ratio of the two catalysts is 1:1 - 1:10.

[0348] In this example, oleic acid (OA), linoleic acid (LA), linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were respectively reacted with SBP1.

[0349] Precisely weigh 0.36 mmol of fatty acid; 0.36 mmol of catalyst; add acid to catalyze and activate the carboxyl group; stir and activate for 10 min to obtain activated fatty acid. Precisely weigh 0.72 mmol of polypeptide SBP1, dissolve it in 20 ml of physiological saline, add NaOH solution to adjust the pH, and stir evenly to obtain SBP1 solution. Add the polypeptide SBP1 solution to the stirred activated fatty acid, and continue to stir and react for 1 h under ice bath to obtain a fatty acid-SBP1 solution with a concentration of 36 mM. Use the same purification operation steps as in Example 7 for this reaction solution to purify the compound obtained by the reaction, and remove the unreacted fatty acid and catalyst. Place it at -80 °C for freezing, and dry it by vacuum pumping to obtain. Use the complex obtained by this vacuum drying for the performance evaluation of the subsequent action on microorganisms.

[0350] The Fourier infrared spectrum of the prepared fatty acid-SBP1 complex is as Figure 17 shown, and it is judged that fatty acids (oleic acid (OA), linoleic acid (LA), linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) are all successfully grafted onto the SBP1 molecular chain.

[0351] In this example, SBP1 is both the water-soluble part and the binding part, and the unsaturated carbon chain of the fatty acid is the acting part.

[0352] Example 10 Preparation of unsaturated fatty acid-polypeptide complex (acting part + targeting binding part / water-soluble part) Using polypeptide SBP1 as a carrier, the molar ratio of fatty acid to polypeptide SBP1 is 7:1 - 1:2, and the molar ratio of catalyst to fatty acid is 0.5:1 to 10:1. Carbodiimide and succinimide are used as catalysts, and the ratio of the two catalysts is 1:1 - 1:10.

[0353] In this example, 9-tetradecenoic acid is selected to react with SBP1.

[0354] Precisely weigh 0.36 mmol of fatty acid; 0.36 mmol of catalyst; add acid to catalyze and activate the carboxyl group; stir and activate for 10 min to obtain activated fatty acid. Precisely weigh 0.36 mmol of SBP1, dissolve it in 20 ml of physiological saline, add NaOH solution to adjust the pH, and stir evenly to obtain SBP1 solution. Add the SBP1 solution to the stirred activated fatty acid, and continue to stir and react for 1 h under ice bath to obtain a 9-tetradecenoic acid-SBP1 solution with a concentration of 18 mM. Use the same purification operation steps as in Example 7 for this reaction solution to purify the compound obtained by the reaction, and remove the unreacted fatty acid and catalyst. Place it at -80 °C for freezing, and dry it by vacuum pumping to obtain.

[0355] The Fourier infrared spectrum of 9-tetradecenoic acid-SBP1 is asFigure 18 As shown, it is preliminarily determined that 9-tetradecenoic acid has been successfully grafted onto the molecular chain of SBP1.

[0356] In this example, SBP1 serves as both the water-soluble part and the binding part, and the unsaturated carbon chain of the fatty acid is the functional part.

[0357] Example 11 Preparation of Unsaturated Fatty Acid-CD14 Protein Complex (Functional Part + Targeting Binding Part / Water-Soluble Part) The fatty acid is bonded to the molecular structure of the protein through amide bonds (the free carboxyl group of the fatty acid and the free amino group of the protein) and ester bonds (the free carboxyl group of the fatty acid and the free hydroxyl group of the protein).

[0358] Taking CD14 (34 kDa) as an example, its sequence is: TTPEPCELDDEDFRCVCNFSEPQPDWSEAFQCVSAVEVEIHAGGLNLEPFLKRVDADADPRQYADTVKALRVRRLTVGAAQVPAQLLVGALRVLAYSRLKELTLEDLKITGTMPPLPLEATGLALSSLRLRNVSWATGRSWLAELQQWLKPGLKVLSIAQAHSPAFSYEQVRAFPALTSLDLSDNPGLGERGLMAALCPHKFPAIQNLALRNTGMETPTGVCAALAAAGVQPHSLDLSHNSLRATVNPSAPRCMWSSALNSLNLSFAGLEQVPKGLPAKLRVLDLSCNRLNRAPQPDELPEVDNLTLDGNPFLVPG, containing 47 free amino groups.

[0359] In this example, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are selected and reacted with CD14 respectively. The molar ratio of the carboxyl group of the fatty acid to CD14 is 17:1 - 1:1, and carbodiimide and succinimide are used as catalysts, and the ratio of the two catalysts is 1:1 - 1:10. The reaction method refers to Examples 1 and 2.

[0360] Weigh accurately 0.36 mmol of fatty acid; 0.36 mmol of catalyst; add acid to catalyze and activate the carboxyl group; stir and activate for 30 min to obtain activated fatty acid. Weigh accurately 0.021 mmol of CD14, dissolve it in 100 ml of physiological saline, add NaOH solution to adjust the pH, and stir evenly to obtain CD14 solution. Add the CD14 solution to the stirring activated fatty acid, and continue to stir and react overnight under ice bath to obtain a fatty acid-CD14 solution with a concentration of 3.6 mM. Purify the reaction solution obtained by the reaction using the same purification operation steps as in Example 7 to remove the unreacted fatty acid and catalyst. Place it at -80 °C for freezing, and then dry it under vacuum to obtain the product. The product yields are 87.3%, 87.6%, 86.8%, 89.0%, and 88.7% respectively.

[0361] In this example, CD14 is both the water-soluble part and the binding part, and the unsaturated carbon chain of the fatty acid is the functional part.

[0362] Example 12 Preparation of Saturated Fatty Acid-Hyaluronic Acid Complex (Functional Part + Macromolecular Water-Soluble Part / Binding Part) In this example, caproic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and arachidic acid are respectively used to react with hyaluronic acid to prepare saturated fatty acid-hyaluronic acid complexes. The molar ratio of the carboxyl group of the fatty acid to the hyaluronic acid is 4n:1 - 1:1 (n is the number of repetitions of the single molecular unit of hyaluronic acid, and n is an integer from 1 to 2000), and the molar ratio of the catalyst to the fatty acid is 0.5:1 - 2:1. The catalyst is carbodiimide and dimethylaminopyridine, and the molar ratio of the two is 1:1 - 1:10.

[0363] Specifically, it proceeds according to the following reaction formula Example 12-1: n is the number of repetitions of the single molecular unit of hyaluronic acid, and n is an integer from 1 to 2000.

[0364] Among them, the R groups are saturated carbon chains of C5, C7, C9, C11, C13, C15, C17, and C19 respectively. The reaction process is as follows: Precisely weigh 0.36 mmol of fatty acid, add 0.4 mmol of catalyst EDC and 0.4 mmol of DMAP, add an acid solution and stir for activation for 10 min to obtain activated fatty acid. Precisely weigh 0.00068 mmol of hyaluronic acid (taking a molecular weight of 500 kDa as an example, 340 mg in terms of mass), dissolve it in 5 ml of physiological saline, add NaOH solution to adjust the pH to neutral, stir evenly to obtain a hyaluronic acid solution. Add the hyaluronic acid solution to the stirring activated fatty acid, continue to stir and react at room temperature for 12 h to obtain a fatty acid-hyaluronic acid solution with a concentration of 72 mM. Use the same purification operation steps as in Example 7 for this reaction solution to purify the compound obtained by the reaction, and remove the unreacted fatty acid and catalyst.

[0365] In this example, hyaluronic acid is both the water-soluble part and the binding part, and the saturated carbon chain of the fatty acid is the functional part.

[0366] Example 13 Preparation of unsaturated fatty acid-hyaluronic acid complex (functional part + macromolecular water-soluble part / binding part) Preparation of pentenyl succinic acid-hyaluronic acid, wherein the molar ratio of the carboxyl group of the fatty acid to this hyaluronic acid is 4n:1 (n is the number of repetitions of the hyaluronic acid single-molecule unit, and n is an integer from 1 to 2000), the molar ratio of the catalyst to the fatty acid is 0.5:1 - 2:1, the catalyst is carbodiimide and dimethylaminopyridine, and the molar ratio of the two is 1:1 - 1:10.

[0367] Carry out according to the following reaction formula Example 13-1: Where the R group is carbon chain. The reaction process is as follows: Precisely weigh 0.36 mmol of pentenyl succinic acid, add 0.4 mmol of catalyst EDC and 0.4 mmol of DMAP, add an acid solution and stir for activation for 10 min to obtain activated pentenyl succinic acid. Precisely weigh 0.0014 mmol of hyaluronic acid (taking a molecular weight of 300 kDa as an example, 420 mg in terms of mass), dissolve it in 5 ml of physiological saline, add NaOH solution to adjust the pH to neutral, stir evenly to obtain a hyaluronic acid solution. Add the hyaluronic acid solution to the stirring activated pentenyl succinic acid, continue to stir and react at room temperature for 12 h to obtain a pentenyl succinic acid-hyaluronic acid solution with a concentration of 72 mM. Use the same purification operation steps as in Example 7 for this reaction solution to purify the compound obtained by the reaction, and remove the unreacted fatty acid and catalyst.

[0368] In this example, hyaluronic acid is both the water-soluble part and the binding part, and the unsaturated carbon chain of pentenyl succinic acid is the functional part.

[0369] Example 14 Preparation of Octacarbon Saturated Carbon Chain - Glucose Complex (Small Molecule Water - Soluble Part + Functional Part) and Performance Evaluation In this example, octanoic acid was selected to prepare the saturated fatty acid glucose complex, and the reaction was carried out according to Reaction Formula 14 - 1 as follows: The reaction process is as follows: 0.72 mmol of octanoic acid was added with 0.72 mmol of EDC as a catalyst and 0.72 mmol of DMAP, and stirred and activated in an ice bath for 10 min to obtain activated octanoic acid; 1.44 mmol of glucose was dissolved in 10 ml of deionized water, added to the activated octanoic acid solution, and the pH value was adjusted to 7.0 - 7.4 with NaOH. Stirred and reacted at room temperature for 12 h to obtain the reaction product solution. After the reaction, chromatography purification was carried out. The product solution was added to a Shephadex G10 chromatography column (φ26 mm × 50 cm), eluted with physiological saline at a flow rate of 50 ml / h, and the eluate was collected step by step. Detected by the phenol - sulfuric acid method, and the first elution peak was combined as the reaction product.

[0370] That is, the octanoic acid - glucose complex was obtained. The infrared spectrum of the prepared complex is as Figure 19 shown. It can be seen from the figure that since glucose only has hydroxyl groups, after binding with n - octanoic acid, the v c-o peak at 1000 - 1250 cm -1 was retained, and the absorption peak of the ester bond formed by n - octanoic acid and glucose shifted from the carboxyl characteristic peak at 1740 cm -1 to the short - wave band to 1660 cm -1 due to the conjugation effect with the hydroxyl groups of the glucose molecule.

[0371] The bacteriostatic rate experiment against bacteria (such as Staphylococcus aureus) was carried out. The experimental process is as follows: The culture medium was prepared using LB agar, formulated according to the product instruction manual, with pH 7.2 - 7.4. Preparation and inoculation of the inoculum: The bacteria were diluted to 10 5 -10 6 CFU. Take 100 ul of bacteria, add 900 ul of the drug solution diluted to different concentrations, incubate at 37 °C for 2 h, then dilute the solution 100 times, take 100 ul and spread it on the plate, culture at 37 °C for 16 - 24 h, count the colonies, calculate the bacteriostatic rate. The bacteriostatic results are as Figure 20 shown. When the concentration is 72 mM - 9 mM, the bacteriostatic rate is greater than 99%, showing bactericidal performance, and the median inhibitory concentration is 4.5 mM. When the concentration is between 4.5 mM - 0.14 mM, the bacteriostatic rate < 50%, without bacteriostatic performance In this example, glucose is both the water - soluble part and the binding part, and the saturated carbon chain of the fatty acid is the functional part. The bacteriostatic results of this complex are summarized in Table 2 - 1.

[0372] Table 2-1 Bactericidal and antibacterial properties of octane saturated carbon chain-glucose (9 mM) (2 h) Test microorganism Bactericidal rate (%) Escherichia coli >99 Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus >99 Streptococcus pneumoniae >99 Klebsiella pneumoniae >99 Pseudomonas aeruginosa >99 Example 15 Preparation of octane saturated carbon chain-sucrose complex (small molecule water-soluble part + functional part) and performance evaluation In this example, octanoic acid was selected to prepare the saturated fatty acid sucrose complex, and the reaction was carried out according to Reaction Formula 15-1 as follows.

[0373] The reaction process is as follows: 0.72 mmol of octanoic acid was added with 0.72 mmol of catalyst EDC and 0.72 mmol of DMAP, and stirred and activated for 10 min in an ice bath; 0.24 mmol of sucrose was dissolved in 10 ml of deionized water, added to the activated octanoic acid solution, and the pH value was adjusted to 7.0 - 7.4 with NaOH. After stirring and reacting at room temperature for 12 h, the reaction product solution was purified according to the same operation as in Example 14, and the octanoic acid-sucrose complex was obtained. The infrared spectrum of the prepared complex is as Figure 21 shown. The sucrose molecule has no absorption peak in the range of 1700 - 1500 cm -1 band, while n-octanoic acid has a strong absorption peak at 1700 cm -1 . In the new compound formed by the reaction of the two, two strong absorption peaks appear in the 1700 - 1500 cm -1 band. It is inferred that the ester bond formed may conjugate with the hydroxyl group of the sucrose molecule, causing the peak to shift to the lower wave band.

[0374] The inhibition rate experiment against bacteria (such as Staphylococcus aureus, etc.) was carried out as follows: The medium was prepared using BL agar, prepared according to the product instruction manual, with a pH of 7.2 - 7.4. Preparation and inoculation of the inoculum: The bacteria were diluted to 10 5 -10 6 CFU. 100 ul of bacteria was taken, added with 900 ul of the drug solution diluted to different concentrations, incubated at 37 °C for 2 hours, then the solution was diluted 100 times, 100 ul was taken and spread on the plate, and cultured at 37 °C for 16 - 24 hours. The colonies were counted and the inhibition rate was calculated. The inhibition results are as Figure 22 shown. When the concentration is 72 mM - 9 mM, the inhibition rate is greater than 99%, showing bactericidal properties. The half inhibitory concentration is 4.5 mM. W...

Claims

1. A water-soluble complex capable of preventing, blocking and / or treating viral or bacterial infections, comprising an active portion, a binding portion and a water-soluble portion, wherein, the virus is one or more viruses selected from the group consisting of novel coronavirus, influenza virus, HIV, hepatitis B virus, human herpesvirus, Ebola virus, rabies virus and human papillomavirus, and the bacteria is one or more bacteria selected from the group consisting of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; it is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 50 carbon atoms with at least one selected from nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers and water-soluble polyamino acids; or it is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 50 carbon atoms with at least one selected from nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers and water-soluble polyamino acids, and a mixture of the unreacted fatty acid and / or the unreacted nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers and / or water-soluble polyamino acids; wherein, the nucleotide, vitamin, water-soluble polymer and water-soluble polyamino acid molecules can endow the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid with water solubility from hydrophobicity, so that the obtained water-soluble complex can be inserted into the envelope of the virus or the surface of the bacteria to destroy the microbial structure, thereby being able to prevent or block viral or bacterial infections.

2. The complex according to claim 1, wherein the number of carbon atoms is 3 to 48.

3. The complex according to claim 1, wherein the number of carbon atoms is 3 to 26.

4. The complex according to claim 1, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is selected from saturated fatty acids or unsaturated fatty acids having 3 to 50 carbon atoms, and the fatty acid is a fatty acid or amino acid containing double bonds, triple bonds, hydroxyl groups, amino groups and / or being oxo-substituted, and is a monobasic acid, dibasic acid or polybasic acid.

5. The complex according to claim 1, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is selected from saturated fatty acids having 3 to 46 carbon atoms, monoenoic acids having 3 to 34 carbon atoms, dienoic acids having 5 to 30 carbon atoms, trienoic acids having 7 to 30 carbon atoms, tetraenoic acids having 12 to 38 carbon atoms, pentaenoic acids having 12 to 38 carbon atoms, hexaenoic acids having 22 to 38 carbon atoms, alkynoic acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, diynoic acids having 10 to 22 carbon atoms, triynoic acids having 12 to 22 carbon atoms, enynoic acids having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, fatty acids having a main chain of 3 to 30 carbon atoms and a side chain of 1 to 10 alkyl groups and / or 1 to 3 hydroxyl groups, saturated straight-chain and branched-chain dicarboxylic acids and tricarboxylic acids having 3 to 38 carbon atoms, and unsaturated straight-chain or branched-chain dicarboxylic acids and tricarboxylic acids having 4 to 18 carbon atoms which may be substituted by hydroxyl groups, carboxylic acids substituted by amino, hydroxyl, oxo and / or methyl groups having 3 to 18 carbon atoms, N-acyl amino acids having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, amino acids containing two or more acyl groups, and one or more of polycarboxylic acids linked by thioether bonds and amide bonds.

6. The complex according to claim 1, wherein the saturated / or unsaturated fatty acid is selected from one or more of fumaric acid, caprylic acid, glutaconic acid, hexanoic acid, nonanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, pentacosanoic acid, heptanoic acid, capric acid, dodecenoic acid, tetradecenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, octacosanoic acid, or carbon chain residues formed therefrom.

7. The complex according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the nucleotide is selected from one or more of adenylic acid, guanylic acid, uridylic acid, cytidylic acid, thymidylic acid, inosinic acid; the vitamin is selected from one or more of vitamin B1, pantothenic acid, vitamin B6 and vitamin C; the water-soluble polyamino acid molecule is selected from polyglutamic acid, polylysine and / or polyaspartic acid; and the water-soluble polymer is selected from one or more of water-soluble macromolecules such as polyethylene glycol and carboxylated or aminated polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol and carboxylated or quaternized polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid and ammonium polyacrylate.

8. The complex according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the compound obtained by the reaction contains one or more of amide groups, ester groups, thioether groups or ether groups, and these groups serve as a connecting part between the water-soluble part and the functional part.

9. The complex according to any one of claims 4-7, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid has 3 to 48 carbon atoms.

10. The complex according to any one of claims 4-7, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is a fatty acid having 3-40 carbon atoms and 1-8 C═C double bonds, a fatty acid having 1-7 C═C double bonds, a fatty acid having 1-6 double bonds, a fatty acid having 1-5 double bonds, a fatty acid having 1-4 double bonds, a fatty acid having 1-3 double bonds, or a fatty acid having 1-2 double bonds.

11. The complex according to any one of claims 4-7, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is a fatty acid having 1-6 double bonds and 3-30 carbon atoms.

12. The complex according to any one of claims 4-7, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid has 3-30 carbon atoms.

13. The complex according to any one of claims 1-12, wherein the complex is a fatty acid-adenosine monophosphate complex, a fatty acid-ascorbic acid complex, a fatty acid-low degree of polymerization PEG-COOH complex, a fatty acid-β-sitosterol complex, a fatty acid complex, a carboxy-octyl saturated carbon chain-5'-adenosine monophosphate-tetracarbon unsaturated carbon chain-carboxy complex, or a carboxy-octyl unsaturated carbon chain-taurocholic acid.

14. A preparation for preventing, inhibiting or treating microbial infections, prepared using the complex according to any one of claims 1-13.

15. The preparation according to claim 14, wherein the preparation is a pharmaceutical preparation or an environmental disinfection preparation.

16. The preparation according to claim 15, wherein the pharmaceutical preparation is one selected from the group consisting of inhalants, nasal sprays, injections, oral preparations, and topical skin dosage forms.

17. Use of the complex according to any one of claims 1-16 in the preparation of a pharmaceutical preparation for preventing or inhibiting microbial infections or an environmental microbial disinfection reagent.

18. The use according to claim 17, wherein the microorganism is any one or two selected from the group consisting of viruses and bacteria.

19. The use according to claim 17, wherein the virus is an enveloped virus; and / or a non-enveloped virus.

20. The use according to claim 17, wherein the virus is one or more viruses selected from the group consisting of novel coronavirus, influenza virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus, human herpesvirus, Ebola virus, rabies virus, and human papillomavirus (HPV), and the bacteria are one or more bacteria selected from the group consisting of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

21. The use according to claim 17, wherein the virus is selected from one or more of H7N9 influenza virus, H5N1 influenza virus, HIV virus, novel coronavirus, HPV virus, and rabies virus.

22. A method for preparing the complex according to any one of claims 1-13, which is obtained by reacting a fatty acid having a saturated and / or unsaturated carbon chain with a branched, cyclic structure and / or straight-chain structure and being lipophilic with a water-soluble molecule, and a protein, monosaccharide and / or polysaccharide molecule that can bind to the microbial lipid membrane, microbial surface domain or cell wall added as required, and a linker molecule added as required, in the presence of a catalyst.

23. The method for preparing the complex according to claim 22, wherein the complex is a product obtained by purifying the compound obtained by the reaction.

24. A method for preparing the complex according to any one of claims 1-13, which is obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid containing 3-50 carbon atoms with a protein, in the presence of a catalyst.

25. The method for preparing the complex according to claim 24, wherein the complex is a product obtained by purifying the compound obtained by the reaction.

Images