Rock scouring test device and method based on bernoulli's law and considering hydrodynamic pressure

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, and specifically provides a rock scouring test device and method based on Bernoulli's law and considering dynamic water pressure, which comprises a scouring bin mechanism, the scouring bin mechanism comprising a shell, one end of the shell being provided with a transition shell, and the lateral wall of the shell being circumferentially provided with a plurality of extension holes; a plurality of pulling mechanisms, each pulling mechanism comprising a pulling rod, one end of the pulling rod being connected with a test piece clamp, the other end of the pulling rod being provided with an operating rod, the operating rod being arranged perpendicularly to the pulling rod, the end of the operating rod being provided with an external thread, a nut being arranged on the operating rod and matched with the external thread, and a limiting piece being arranged on the operating rod; a pulling adjustment mechanism, the pulling adjustment mechanism comprising a ring, a plurality of arc-shaped holes being arranged on the ring and corresponding to the pulling rods, the operating rod being limited by the nut and the limiting piece after penetrating into the arc-shaped hole; and a water supply mechanism for supplying water to the scouring bin mechanism. The device and method can simply and conveniently simulate the condition of water flow scouring the rock joint surface and are easy to operate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, and particularly relates to a rock scouring test device and method based on Bernoulli's law and considering dynamic water pressure. BACKGROUND

[0002] The rise and fall of the water level of a large reservoir will cause the rock mass in the drawdown zone of the bank slope to be subjected to the action of dry-wet cycles. Research shows that the physical and mechanical parameters of the rock-soil mass will deteriorate as a result. In addition, the combined action of the scouring of water flow on the surface and cracks of the rock mass and the dynamic water pressure at different water depths of the bank slope will also cause the physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass in the drawdown zone of the bank slope to deteriorate at an accelerated rate. Therefore, it is of important guiding significance to master the long-term stability of rock bank slopes to quantitatively simulate the scouring flow rate and dynamic water pressure by using Bernoulli's law in fluid mechanics and then to affect the mechanical properties of rock and even structural surfaces, which can make up for the shortcomings of existing rock scouring test devices and optimize the test method. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the application is to provide a rock scouring test device and method based on Bernoulli's law and considering dynamic water pressure, which can simply and conveniently simulate the condition of water flow scouring the rock joint surface and is easy to operate.

[0004] To solve the above technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the application is: a rock scouring test device based on Bernoulli's law and considering dynamic water pressure, comprising a scouring bin mechanism, the scouring bin mechanism comprising two groups of housings, one end of the housing being provided with a transition shell, the side wall of the housing being circumferentially provided with a plurality of insertion holes, and the two groups of housings being connected by a connecting mechanism at the end away from the transition shell.

[0005] The device comprises a plurality of pulling mechanisms, each pulling mechanism comprising a pulling rod, one end of the pulling rod being inserted into an insertion hole and connected with a test piece clamp, the other end of the pulling rod being provided with an operating rod, the operating rod being arranged perpendicularly to the pulling rod, the end of the operating rod being provided with an external thread, a nut being arranged on the operating rod and matched with the external thread, and a limiting piece being arranged on the operating rod.

[0006] The device comprises a pulling adjustment mechanism, the pulling adjustment mechanism comprising a circular ring, a plurality of arc-shaped holes being arranged on the circular ring and corresponding to the pulling rods, and the operating rod being limited by the nut and the limiting piece after being inserted into the arc-shaped hole.

[0007] The device comprises a water supply mechanism for supplying water to the scouring bin mechanism, the water supply mechanism comprising a pipeline, the pipeline being connected with a water tank outlet, a water pump, the scouring bin mechanism and a water tank inlet in sequence to form a circulating water path, and the end of the transition shell of the scouring bin mechanism being connected with the pipeline by a flange.

[0008] In the preferred scheme, the flushing bin mechanism is provided with two groups of soft adjusting mechanisms, which include a ring-shaped sealing ring, a conical sealing ring and an end sealing ring, the end of the ring-shaped sealing ring is connected with the large-diameter end of the conical sealing ring, the small-diameter end of the conical sealing ring is connected with the end sealing ring, and the end sealing ring is arranged between the flanges, and a through hole is formed in the ring-shaped sealing ring corresponding to the pulling mechanism;

[0009] The pulling rod of the pulling mechanism is provided with a clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism includes an outer arc-shaped plate and an inner arc-shaped plate, the outer arc-shaped plate and the inner arc-shaped plate are connected through a connecting part, the connecting part passes through the through hole in the ring-shaped sealing ring, the test specimen clamp is connected with the inner arc-shaped plate, and the pulling rod is connected with the outer arc-shaped plate.

[0010] In the preferred scheme, an adjusting connecting piece is arranged between the two groups of adjacent pulling mechanisms, the adjusting connecting piece includes a sliding seat, a sliding cavity penetrating through the sliding seat is arranged in the sliding seat, and two groups of sliding plates are arranged in the sliding seat, one end of the sliding plate is hingedly connected with the outer arc-shaped plate, and the other end is arranged in the sliding seat.

[0011] In the preferred scheme, a connecting screw rod is arranged outside the test specimen clamp, and the connecting screw rod is threadedly connected with the inner arc-shaped plate.

[0012] In the preferred scheme, a limiting rod is arranged outside the sliding seat, and the limiting rod is arranged in the extending hole.

[0013] In the preferred scheme, an operation handle is arranged outside the circular ring.

[0014] In the preferred scheme, the connecting mechanism includes a clamping opening outer edge arranged at the end of the shell, and the clamping opening outer edge is connected through a clamp.

[0015] In the preferred scheme, a debris collecting mechanism is further included, the debris collecting mechanism includes a collecting box, the collecting box is provided with an inlet and an outlet, the outlet is provided with a filter screen, the inlet of the collecting box is connected with the flushing bin mechanism through a pipeline, and the outlet of the collecting box is connected with a water tank through a pipeline.

[0016] In the preferred scheme, a pressure measuring pipe and an exhaust pipe are arranged on the pipeline, the pressure measuring pipe is arranged in two groups and arranged at the water inlet and the water outlet of the flushing bin mechanism, and the exhaust pipe is arranged at the water outlet of the flushing bin mechanism.

[0017] The application further provides a rock flushing test method based on Bernoulli's law and considering dynamic water pressure, the test device is used for testing, and the method includes the following steps:

[0018] S1, first, sequentially connect the water supply mechanism, the flushing bin mechanism and the debris collecting mechanism.

[0019] S2, place the test specimen: the clamp is opened first, the test specimen clamp is opened manually, and after the placement is completed, the two shells are folded.

[0020] S3, open the valve upstream of the water pump, start the water pump after water, wait for the flushing bin mechanism to discharge gas through the exhaust pipe, after the flushing bin mechanism is filled with water, open the valve downstream of the flushing bin mechanism, and carry out the flushing test.

[0021] The rock flushing test device and method based on Bernoulli's law and considering dynamic water pressure have the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The diameter of the flushing test area is adjusted by a physical mechanical method to control the water flow, and the structure is simple and convenient to operate.

[0023] 2. According to Bernoulli's energy equation and the continuity equation , a stable flow of water is introduced, the pressure at the inlet and outlet of the flushing area body is measured by a pressure measuring tube, and the pressure and flow rate received by the test piece are calculated.

[0024] 3. The mechanical device controls the flow rate and pressure of the water flow, reducing the cost of simulation.

[0025] 4. The present application can place multiple test pieces at one time, reducing errors. And multiple test pieces can be adjusted together to receive pressure and flow rate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and examples:

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the flushing area body of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 is a shell diagram of the flushing bin mechanism of the present application;

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the rubber ring of the present application;

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the pulling mechanism and adjustment connecting piece of the present application;

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the pulling adjustment mechanism of the present application;

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the debris collection mechanism of the present application;

[0034] As shown in the figure: flushing bin mechanism 100, shell 110, extension hole 111, transition shell 120, shell 110, extension hole 111, connecting mechanism 130, bayonet outer edge 131, clamp 132;

[0035] Pulling mechanism 200, pulling rod 210, operating rod 220, limiting sheet 221, nut 222, clamping mechanism 230, outer arc plate 231, inner arc plate 232, connecting part 233;

[0036] Test piece clamp 300, connecting screw 310;

[0037] Pulling adjustment mechanism 400, circular ring 410, arc-shaped hole 411, operating handle 412;

[0038] Water supply mechanism 500, pipe 510, pressure measuring tube 511, exhaust pipe 512, water tank 520, water pump 530, valve 540;

[0039] Flange 600;

[0040] Adjusting connecting piece 700, sliding seat 710, sliding plate 720, limiting rod 730;

[0041] Soft adjustment mechanism 800, annular sealing ring 810, through hole 811, conical sealing ring 820, end sealing ring 830;

[0042] Debris collection mechanism 900, collection box 910, filter screen 920. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Example 1:

[0044] As Figures 1-7 shown, a rock flushing test device based on Bernoulli's law and considering hydrodynamic pressure, comprising a flushing bin mechanism 100, the flushing bin mechanism 100 comprising two groups of shells 110, one end of the shell 110 is provided with a transition shell 120, the transition shell 120 is a conical structure, the side wall of the shell 110 is distributed with a plurality of extension holes 111, the extension hole 111 is a through hole, the two groups of shells 110 are connected through the connecting mechanism 130 away from one end of the transition shell 120.

[0045] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, the connecting mechanism 130 comprises a bayonet outer edge 131 provided at the end of the shell 110, and the bayonet outer edge 131 is connected by a clamp 132.

[0046] In specific use, it can also be replaced by flange connection.

[0047] As Figure 2As shown, several pulling mechanisms 200 are arranged around the shell 110, the pulling mechanism 200 includes a pulling rod 210, one end of the pulling rod 210 is connected with a test piece clamp 300 inserted into the hole 111, the test piece clamp 300 is arranged in the shell 110, the other end of the pulling rod 210 is provided with an operating rod 220, the operating rod 220 is arranged vertically to the pulling rod 210, the end of the operating rod 220 is provided with an external thread, the operating rod 220 is provided with a nut 222 matched with the external thread, the operating rod 220 is provided with a limiting piece 221, the nut 222 and the limiting piece 221 are used for limiting the pulling adjusting mechanism 400.

[0048] As shown in the figure, Figure 6 The pulling adjusting mechanism 400 includes a circular ring 410, the circular ring 410 is sleeved outside the shell 110, a plurality of arc-shaped holes 411 are arranged on the circular ring 410 corresponding to the operating rod 220, the arc-shaped holes 411 are distributed along the center of the circular ring 410, the head and tail of the arc-shaped hole 411 are close to the outer circle and the inner circle of the circular ring 410 respectively, the operating rod 220 is limited by the nut 222 and the limiting piece 221 after penetrating into the arc-shaped hole 411.

[0049] In use, due to the limitation of the hole 111 to the pulling rod 210, the pulling rod 210 can only move along the hole 111, rotate the circular ring 410, and move the operating rod 220 to make it move relative to the arc-shaped hole 411, so that the pulling rod 210 moves in and out of the hole 111, and the position of the test piece clamp 300 is adjusted.

[0050] The water supply mechanism 500 supplies water to the flushing chamber mechanism 100, the water supply mechanism 500 includes a pipeline 510, the pipeline 510 is connected with the water outlet of a water tank 520, a water pump 530, the flushing chamber mechanism 100 and the water inlet of the water tank 520 in sequence to form a circulating waterway, and the end of the transition shell 120 of the flushing chamber mechanism 100 is connected with the pipeline 510 through a flange 600.

[0051] Valves 540 are arranged upstream of the water pump 530 and downstream of the flushing chamber mechanism 100 to control the water inlet and outlet of the flushing chamber mechanism 100.

[0052] The pipeline 510 is provided with a pressure measuring pipe 511 and an exhaust pipe 512, the pressure measuring pipe 511 is arranged in two groups and arranged at the water inlet and outlet of the flushing chamber mechanism 100 respectively, and the exhaust pipe 512 is arranged at the water outlet of the flushing chamber mechanism 100.

[0053] By arranging two groups of pressure measuring pipes 511, the pressure at the inlet and outlet of the flushing zone body can be measured conveniently, and the pressure and flow rate borne by the test piece can be calculated.

[0054] In order to ensure that the experimental area is full of water flow without being affected by bubbles during the flushing process, the exhaust pipe 512 is opened and the valve 540 downstream of the flushing chamber mechanism 100 is closed before the flushing experiment starts to exhaust the gas.

[0055] Preferably, the outer side of the ring 410 is provided with an operating handle 412 to facilitate rotation of the ring 410.

[0056] After the rock sample is clamped on the sample holder 300 and the flushing chamber mechanism 100 is folded, the water supply mechanism 500 supplies water to the flushing chamber mechanism 100 to perform a flushing test on the sample in the flushing chamber mechanism 100.

[0057] Embodiment 2:

[0058] Different from Embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 4 and 5 The flushing chamber mechanism 100 is provided with two groups of soft adjustment mechanisms 800, which are arranged corresponding to the outer shell 110 and the transition shell 120.

[0059] The soft adjustment mechanism 800 includes an annular sealing ring 810, a conical sealing ring 820 and an end sealing ring 830, and is made of rubber. The end of the annular sealing ring 810 is connected with the large-diameter end of the conical sealing ring 820, and the other end is provided with an outer edge clamped between the two groups of outer shells 110. The small-diameter end of the conical sealing ring 820 is connected with the end sealing ring 830, which is arranged between the flanges 600. The annular sealing ring 810 is provided with a through hole 811 corresponding to the pulling mechanism 200, and the soft adjustment structure 800 is used to adjust the diameter of the flushing chamber where the sample is located.

[0060] The end of the pulling rod 210 of the pulling mechanism 200 is provided with a clamping mechanism 230, which includes an outer arc plate 231 and an inner arc plate 232. The outer arc plate 231 and the inner arc plate 232 are connected through a connecting part 233, and the connecting part 233 passes through the through hole 811 in the annular sealing ring 810, that is, the annular sealing ring 810 is arranged between the outer arc plate 231 and the inner arc plate 232. The sample holder 300 is connected with the inner arc plate 232, and the pulling rod 210 is connected with the outer arc plate 231.

[0061] In specific use, when the pulling rod 210 moves in and out of the hole 111, the soft adjustment mechanism 800 moves outward or inward synchronously with the clamping mechanism 230, so as to adjust the diameter of the annular sealing ring 810, thereby adjusting the actual diameter of the flushing chamber.

[0062] Preferably, as shown in Figure 5As shown, the two adjacent groups of pulling mechanisms 200 are provided with an adjusting connecting piece 700, the adjusting connecting piece 700 comprises a sliding seat 710, the sliding seat 710 is provided with a sliding cavity penetrating through, the sliding seat 710 is provided with two groups of sliding plates 720, one end of the sliding plate 720 is hinged with the external arc-shaped plate 231, and the other end is arranged in the sliding seat 710. The sliding plate 720 and the external arc-shaped plate 231 form an annular structure, when the diameter of the annular sealing ring 810 is adjusted, the sliding plate 720 and the external arc-shaped plate 231 support the outside of the annular sealing ring 810, so as to prevent the annular sealing ring 810 from being deformed outwardly due to water flow scouring.

[0063] The outer side of the sliding seat 710 is provided with a limiting rod 730, the limiting rod 730 is arranged in the extending hole 111. By arranging the limiting rod 730, the adjusting connecting piece 700 is limited to move, so that the adjusting connecting piece 700 moves synchronously with the clamping mechanism 230. Since the sliding plate 720 is hinged with the external arc-shaped plate 231, the angle of the sliding plate 720 can be adjusted, so that the sliding plate 720 can slide in the sliding seat 710 smoothly.

[0064] Preferably, the outer side of the test piece clamp 300 is provided with a connecting screw rod 310, and the connecting screw rod 310 is screwed with the internal arc-shaped plate 232. By arranging the connecting screw rod 310, the test piece clamp 300 can be detachably connected, so that the test piece clamp 300 can be replaced conveniently.

[0065] In the embodiment, the test piece clamp 300 has a "[]" structure, and the rock test piece is clamped between the clamping plates on the two sides. The test piece clamp 300 can also be replaced by other commonly used test piece clamps.

[0066] Embodiment 3:

[0067] Different from the embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 7 The device further comprises a debris collecting mechanism 900, the debris collecting mechanism 900 comprises a collecting box 910, the collecting box 910 is provided with an inlet and an outlet, the outlet is provided with a filter screen 920, the inlet of the collecting box 910 is connected with the scouring bin mechanism 100 through a pipeline, and the outlet of the collecting box 910 is connected with the water tank 600 through a pipeline.

[0068] By arranging the debris collecting mechanism 900, the debris scoured down can be collected, so that the debris is prevented from being mixed in the water flow and affecting the scouring test.

[0069] Embodiment 4:

[0070] The operation process of the rock scouring test of the device is as follows:

[0071] S1, first, the water supply mechanism 500, the scouring bin mechanism 100 and the debris collecting mechanism 900 are connected in sequence.

[0072] S2, placing the test piece: need to open the clamp 132, open the test piece clamp 7 after manual placement, after the placement is completed, the two groups of shell 110 are closed.

[0073] S3, open the valve upstream of the water pump 530, start the water pump 530 after water, wait for the flushing bin mechanism 100 to discharge gas through the exhaust pipe 512, the flushing bin mechanism 100 is filled with water, then open the valve downstream of the flushing bin mechanism 100, and carry out the flushing test.

[0074] According to Bernoulli energy equation , and continuity equation , due to these two principles, by passing a stable flow of water, the pressure at the inlet and outlet of the test piece is measured according to the pressure measuring tube, and the pressure and flow rate of the test piece are calculated.

[0075] The above embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present application, and should not be regarded as a limitation of the present application. The embodiments in the application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present application should be based on the technical solutions claimed in the claims, including the equivalent replacement schemes of the technical features claimed in the claims as the protection scope. That is, within this range, the equivalent replacement improvement is also within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A rock scouring test device based on Bernoulli's law and considering hydrodynamic pressure, characterized in that, The utility model provides a kind of test piece pull-out device, including flushing bin mechanism (100), flushing bin mechanism (100) includes two groups of shell (110), one end of shell (110) is equipped with transition shell (120), the sidewall of shell (110) is distributed with several insertion holes (111) circularly, two groups of shell (110) are connected by connecting mechanism (130) at the end away from transition shell (120); Including several pull-out mechanisms (200), pull-out mechanism (200) includes pull-out rod (210), one end of pull-out rod (210) is inserted into insertion hole (111) and is connected with test piece clamp (300), the other end is equipped with operating lever (220), operating lever (220) is vertically arranged with pull-out rod (210), operating lever (220) end is equipped with external thread, operating lever (220) is equipped with nut (222) matched with external thread, operating lever (220) is equipped with limit sheet (221); Including pull-out adjustment mechanism (400), pull-out adjustment mechanism (400) includes circular ring (410), circular ring (410) is provided with several arc-shaped holes (411) corresponding to pull-out rod (210), operating lever (220) is inserted into arc-shaped hole (411) and is limited by nut (222) and limit sheet (221); Water supply mechanism (500) supplies water to flushing bin mechanism (100), water supply mechanism (500) includes pipeline (510), pipeline (510) is connected with water tank (520) water outlet, water pump (530), flushing bin mechanism (100) and water tank (520) inlet in sequence, forms circulating waterway, and the end of transition shell (120) of flushing bin mechanism (100) is connected with pipeline (510) by flange (600); The flushing bin mechanism (100) is provided with two groups of soft adjustment mechanisms (800), the soft adjustment mechanism (800) includes annular sealing ring (810), conical sealing ring (820) and end sealing ring (830), the end of annular sealing ring (810) is connected with the large-diameter end of conical sealing ring (820), the small-diameter end of conical sealing ring (820) is connected with end sealing ring (830), and end sealing ring (830) is arranged between flange (600), and annular sealing ring (810) is provided with through hole (811) corresponding to pull-out mechanism (200); The end of pull-out rod (210) of pull-out mechanism (200) is provided with clamping mechanism (230), clamping mechanism (230) includes external arc-shaped plate (231) and internal arc-shaped plate (232), external arc-shaped plate (231) and internal arc-shaped plate (232) are connected by connecting part (233), connecting part (233) passes through the through hole (811) on annular sealing ring (810), test piece clamp (300) is connected with internal arc-shaped plate (232), and pull-out rod (210) is connected with external arc-shaped plate (231). 2.The rock scouring test device based on Bernoulli's law and considering hydrodynamic pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two groups of adjacent drawing mechanism (200) are provided with adjusting connecting piece (700), adjusting connecting piece (700) includes sliding seat (710), the sliding cavity is provided in sliding seat (710), and two groups of sliding plates (720) are provided in sliding seat (710), one end of sliding plate (720) is hinged with external arc plate (231), and the other end is arranged in sliding seat (710). 3.The rock scouring test device based on Bernoulli's law and considering hydrodynamic pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of the test piece clamp (300) is provided with a connecting screw (310), and the connecting screw (310) is screwed with the internal arc plate (232).

4. The rock scouring test device based on Bernoulli's law and considering hydrodynamic pressure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer side of the sliding seat (710) is provided with a limiting rod (730), and the limiting rod (730) is provided in the extension hole (111).

5. The rock scouring test device based on Bernoulli's law and considering hydrodynamic pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of the circular ring (410) is provided with an operating handle (412). 6.The rock scouring test device based on Bernoulli's law and considering hydrodynamic pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting mechanism (130) includes a bayonet outer edge (131) provided at the end of the shell (110), and the bayonet outer edge (131) is connected by a clamp (132).

7. The rock scouring test device based on Bernoulli's law and considering hydrodynamic pressure according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a debris collection mechanism (900), which includes a collection box (910) provided with an inlet and an outlet, the outlet is provided with a filter screen (920), the inlet of the collection box (910) is connected with the flushing bin mechanism (100) by a pipeline, and the outlet of the collection box (910) is connected with the water tank (520) by a pipeline. 8.The rock scouring test device based on Bernoulli's law and considering hydrodynamic pressure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The pipeline (510) is provided with a pressure measuring pipe (511) and an exhaust pipe (512), the pressure measuring pipe (511) is provided with two groups, respectively arranged at the water inlet and water outlet of the flushing bin mechanism (100), and the exhaust pipe (512) is arranged at the water outlet of the flushing bin mechanism (100).

9. A rock scour test method based on Bernoulli's law and considering hydrodynamic pressure, characterized by, The test device of claim 8 comprises the following steps: S1, first, the water supply mechanism (500), the flushing bin mechanism (100) and the debris collection mechanism (900) are connected in order; S2, place the test piece: first open the clamp (132), open the test piece clamp (300) and manually place it, and after the placement is completed, fold the two shells (110); S3, open the valve upstream of the water pump (530), start the water pump (530) after water, wait for the flushing bin mechanism (100) to discharge gas through the exhaust pipe (512), and then open the valve downstream of the flushing bin mechanism (100) after the flushing bin mechanism (100) is filled with water, and carry out the flushing test.

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