Method for automatically configuring RS485 communication parameters and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for automatically configuring RS485 communication parameters and electronic equipment, and the method comprises the following steps: based on a private protocol of RS485 communication, confirming RS485 communication instrument equipment to be set as a private protocol master station, configuring communication parameters of a conventional RS485 protocol for the private protocol master station, and determining an arrangement direction of sequentially adding one to addresses; the master station reads the unique pipeline code of the slave station attached to the master station through the NFC reader-writer chip, and the read unique pipeline code serves as the address of the slave station; the master station carries out conventional RS485 communication parameter configuration on the slave station through a private protocol, and meanwhile, one is added to an address; according to the address plus one arrangement direction, the slave station reads the unique stream code of the next slave station attached to the slave station and transmits the unique stream code to the master station step by step through NFC communication, and the configuration work of the slave station is repeated until all the slave stations complete parameter configuration. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of low cost, fast and flexible configuration, non-repetitive address and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of RS485 communication networks, and more particularly to a method and an electronic device for automatically configuring RS485 communication parameters. Background Art

[0002] RS485 communication is the first choice for many communication instrument devices due to its high reliability and low cost. To form an RS485 communication network, one host is required to correspond to multiple slave devices. Communication parameters need to be matched between the host and the slave devices, such as baud rate, data bits, stop bits, etc. The addresses of the slave devices are uniquely configured and different from each other. Usually, a large number of communication instrument devices are required for a project. Most of them need to have their communication parameters configured after on-site installation, which requires a large amount of human resources during this period. If the communication parameters are configured before leaving the factory and sent to the site for installation in sequence, it will increase the management cost and also consume a large amount of human resources.

[0003] After retrieval, the Chinese patent application publication number CN119030818A discloses a communication method, system, terminal device, and storage medium for master and slave stations. The master station sends a first address configuration instruction to the slave station and counts the number of slave stations as one; the slave stations that have completed address configuration forward the first address configuration instruction to the next slave station in sequence until there is a slave station that has not completed address configuration, and then this slave station sets the address information carried in the first address configuration instruction as its own address. This existing patent application has problems such as the configuration instruction communicating through the RS485 bus, adding multiple hardware components such as RS485-CP, RS485-DP, and I / O modules, resulting in high hardware costs and the lack of flexibility in arbitrarily selecting between the master and slave stations.

[0004] How to achieve automatic configuration of RS485 communication parameters with low cost and flexible and fast configuration has become a technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and an electronic device for automatically configuring RS485 communication parameters to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned existing technologies.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for automatically configuring RS485 communication parameters, which is used to automatically configure the communication parameters of a group of RS485 communication instrument devices. NFC reader / writer chips are provided at both ends of the RS485 communication instrument devices. The method includes the following steps:

[0008] Step 101: Identify the RS485 communication instrument device to be set as the private RS485 communication protocol master station, configure the communication parameters of the master station with the conventional RS485 protocol, and determine the arrangement direction of incrementing the address sequentially.

[0009] Step 102: Configure the communication parameters of the private RS485 communication protocol slave stations, including: the master station reads the unique serial number of the slave station installed in contact with it through the NFC reader / writer chip, and the read unique serial number serves as the address of the slave station; the master station configures the conventional RS485 communication parameters for the slave station through the private RS485 communication protocol, and at the same time increments the address by one; according to the arrangement direction of incrementing the address by one, the slave station reads the unique serial number of the next slave station installed in contact with it and transmits it to the master station step by step through the NFC reader / writer chip communication, and repeat the configuration work of the slave stations until all the slave stations installed in contact are completed with the communication parameter configuration.

[0010] Step 103: All RS485 communication instrument devices sequentially light up the LED indicators of the devices in the order of the addresses. After the operator confirms that the automatically configured address order is correct, restore all RS485 communication instrument devices to the conventional RS485 communication mode to complete the automatic configuration of the RS485 communication parameters.

[0011] Preferably, the arrangement direction of incrementing the address by one includes from left to right and from right to left. If the arrangement direction of incrementing the address by one selected by the master station is from left to right, the NFC reader / writer chip at the right end of the device becomes the read mode, and vice versa, the NFC reader / writer chip at the left end becomes the read mode.

[0012] Preferably, the method is applicable to the scenario where a communication link only includes a master station and slave stations.

[0013] Preferably, when a communication link includes a private RS485 communication protocol master station, main slave stations, and slave stations, the method further includes configuring the communication parameters of the private RS485 communication protocol main slave stations after step 101, including:

[0014] Use the method of step 1 to make any RS485 communication instrument device become a private RS485 communication protocol main slave station, determine the address of the main slave station, and determine the arrangement direction of incrementing the address by one;

[0015] The main slave station sequentially obtains the unique serial numbers of the slave stations installed adjacent to it until no new serial number can be read. The unique serial number of the main slave station and the obtained unique serial numbers of the slave stations are all packed into data in sequence and saved in the main slave station; execute step 102.

[0016] More preferably, the method further includes, after step 102, the master station sending polling information to the main slave stations, starting from the main slave station with the smallest address and increasing sequentially until there is no response;

[0017] After the main slave station receives the polling information from the master station, it sends the packed data storing all the unique serial code information to the master station.

[0018] The master station analyzes the packed data. According to the arrangement order of the unique serial codes, it configures the communication parameters of the RS485 communication instrument devices in turn through the private RS485 communication protocol, and at the same time increments the address by one until the communication parameter configuration of all the instrument devices on the communication link is completed, and then step 103 is executed.

[0019] More preferably, the address of the main slave station starts from 1, gradually increases and cannot jump.

[0020] Preferably, one of the digital knob 3, the physical communication interface 4 of the upper computer, the dip switch 5 or the screen button is added to the RS485 communication instrument device to modify the configuration parameters and the communication protocol state.

[0021] Preferably, when the RS485 communication instrument device is factory-configured, the unique serial code of the device is stored in the main control chip. When the NFC reader / writer chips at both ends are configured in the write mode, the serial code information is transmitted and propagated through the NFC reader / writer chips.

[0022] Preferably, the RS485 communication instrument device is factory-default configured in the private RS485 communication protocol mode and defined as a slave station; multiple said slave stations are attached and installed beside the master station or the main slave station.

[0023] According to the second aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, including a memory and a processor. A computer program is stored on the memory, and when the processor executes the program, the method described above is implemented.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1) For multiple instrument devices in an RS485 communication link, the present invention uses low-cost NFC reader / writer chips to transmit the unique serial code information of the devices. Only by using the private RS485 protocol to set the communication parameters of a master station with the conventional RS485 protocol, the communication parameters of the remaining slave station devices in the link can be automatically configured. The network configuration is fast, saving a large amount of labor costs, with almost no improvement in hardware and low overall cost.

[0026] 2) The present invention relies on point-to-point NFC short-range wireless communication to transmit the unique serial codes of the devices in turn for sorting, ensuring that the attached and installed devices are arranged in a certain order, the addresses do not repeat, and there will be no sorting errors.

[0027] 3) The present invention plays the role of the main slave in the RS485 private protocol. Considering the scenario where not all devices on a link can be installed closely or not all are arranged in the address order in one direction, it can be achieved only by setting the communication parameters of the master station and the main slave, and then the main slave automatically configures the parameters of the slaves. This way of automatically configuring communication parameters is more flexible, not affected by the on-site layout, and has wide applicability.

[0028] 4) Regarding the definitions of the master station, main slave, and slave in the RS485 private protocol of the present invention, any device supporting the RS485 protocol can assume the above roles, without affecting device selection and installation, and without increasing additional management and procurement costs.

[0029] 5) After the automatic configuration is completed in the present invention, the operator checks whether the address order of the automatic configuration is correct, which enhances the reliability of the communication parameter configuration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the factory configuration process of the RS485 communication instrument device;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the RS485 communication instrument device in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the method flow for automatically configuring RS485 communication parameters in the present invention;

[0033] In the drawings, 1 is the first RS485 communication instrument device, 2 is the LED indicator light, 3 is the digital knob, 4 is the physical communication interface of the upper computer, 5 is the DIP switch, 6 is the second RS485 communication instrument device, 7 is the LED display screen, 8 is the screen button, and 9 is the NFC read / write chip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0034] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] Embodiment 1

[0036] This embodiment relates to a method for automatically configuring RS485 communication parameters, as Figure 2, add an NFC reader / writer chip 9 to the RS485 communication instrument device, and at the same time add a DIP switch 5, a digital knob 3 or a host computer physical communication interface 4 to the RS485 communication instrument device without an LED display screen 7 and a screen button 8. By adding an automatic communication parameter configuration function to the embedded software, the RS485 communication parameters of a group of RS485 communication instrument devices can be automatically configured.

[0037] Place the NFC reader / writer chip 9 on the circuit board on one side of the first RS485 communication instrument device 1 close to the plastic structural part, and also place the NFC reader / writer chip 9 on the other side of the circuit board, ensuring that when the first RS485 communication instrument device 1 and the second RS485 communication instrument device 6 are close to each other, one-way wireless communication can be carried out through the NFC reader / writer chip 9. The first RS485 communication instrument device 1 and the second RS485 communication instrument device 6 can be devices from different manufacturers or of different models, as long as they support the RS485 communication protocol and the private protocol.

[0038] The RS485 communication instrument device has a standard physical communication interface, and the host computer can be used to read or modify the configuration parameters of the product, including the RS485 communication parameters. It is also possible to configure the product to enter the private RS485 communication protocol state or the conventional RS485 communication protocol state. The instrument device can also modify the product configuration parameters and the communication protocol state through the DIP switch or the screen button.

[0039] Such as Figure 1 , when the RS485 communication instrument device leaves the factory, a unique serial number is stored in the main control chip, and the NFC reader / writer chips at both ends are configured in the write mode, and this serial number information is transmitted through the NFC reader / writer chips. At the same time, all RS485 communication instrument devices are configured in the private RS485 communication protocol mode and defined as the slave role, except in special cases.

[0040] The private RS485 communication protocol defines three roles: master station, primary slave station, and slave station. Communication parameters such as baud rate and data bits cannot be modified. The communication address is a unique serial number saved in the main control chip at the factory. Any instrument device that conforms to the automatic configuration of RS485 communication parameters can serve as the master station, primary slave station, or slave station of the private RS485 communication protocol. The instrument device has at least one of a physical communication interface, a screen button, a DIP switch, and a digital knob. According to the actual situation, the instrument device can be configured as a conventional RS485 protocol, the master station of the private RS485 protocol, the primary slave station of the private RS485 protocol, or the slave station of the private RS485 protocol. It is somewhat user-friendly for both product developers and on-site operators. Using the private RS485 protocol for parameter configuration and verification can not only ensure the fast and accurate transmission of parameters but also verify whether the communication line for subsequent use is normal, without adding extra workload during on-site installation and commissioning.

[0041] Master station: The instrument device is defined as the master station in one of the four ways: through the physical communication interface 4 of the upper computer, the DIP switch 5, the digital knob 3, or the screen button 8, and at the same time, the relevant communication parameters of the conventional RS485 protocol are configured. This master station device can choose to increment the address sequentially from left to right or from right to left. Generally, the instrument device with the installation position on the far left or far right is selected as the master station of the private RS485 communication protocol. There is exactly 1 master station in a communication link.

[0042] Primary slave station: The instrument device can be defined as the primary slave station in the above ways. Multiple primary slave stations can be configured in a communication link, and their addresses need to be defined one by one. The primary slave station can also choose to increment the address from left to right or from right to left according to the densely installed instrument devices. The master station and the primary slave stations can be densely installed or installed at a relatively far distance from each other.

[0043] Slave station: The instrument device can also be defined as the slave station in the above ways. Generally, it is configured as this role at the factory. Multiple slave stations can be configured in a communication link and need to be installed closely beside the master station or the primary slave stations, and cannot be installed alone on one side.

[0044] For the automatic configuration of RS485 communication parameters, there are two situations in a communication link:

[0045] 1) There is a master station and slave stations of the private RS485 communication protocol in a communication link, which is applicable to the scenario where all the instrument devices in a communication link are closely attached to each other.

[0046] 2) A communication link has a private RS485 communication protocol master station, a main slave station, and slave stations. It is applicable to scenarios where the instrument devices applicable to a communication link cannot be densely installed close to each other, or the addresses of the instrument devices are not arranged completely in sequence from left to right or from right to left.

[0047] The method is as Figure 3 , and includes the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: First, confirm the instrument device to be set as the master station, and make it become the master station of the private RS485 communication protocol through the upper computer, the screen button, or the DIP switch and the knob. Configure the communication parameters of the conventional RS485 protocol, such as address, baud rate, data bits, etc., and decide whether to configure the addresses in sequence from left to right or from right to left and increment by 1.

[0049] Step 2: According to the actual situation, confirm whether to add a main slave station of the private RS485 communication protocol to this communication link. If it is necessary to configure the main slave station, execute Step 3; otherwise, execute Step 4.

[0050] Step 3: You can use the method of Step 1 to make any instrument device become the main slave station of the private RS485 communication protocol, and determine the address of the main slave station. Configure the (device) addresses in sequence from left to right or from right to left and increment by 1. If a communication link includes three parts: a private RS485 protocol master station, slave stations, and a main slave station, operations on the main slave station need to be added. The operations of the main slave station are similar to those of the master station. It is necessary to set the addresses in sequence from left to right or from right to left. On this basis, it is also necessary to set the address of the main slave station, starting from 1 and incrementing gradually without skipping. If the addresses are configured from left to right, the NFC reader / writer chip at the right end becomes the read mode; otherwise, the NFC reader / writer chip at the left end becomes the read mode. Similar to the master station, the main slave station sequentially obtains the unique serial numbers of the slave stations installed adjacent to it until no new serial numbers can be read. The unique serial number of the main slave station and the unique serial numbers of the obtained slave stations are all packed into data in sequence and saved in the main slave station. Execute Step 4.

[0051] Step 4: The slave stations of the private RS485 communication protocol are automatically configured at the factory and do not require special configuration. If it is necessary to change the conventional RS485 communication protocol parameters later, it is also possible to make it become the slave station of the private RS485 communication protocol through the physical communication interface 4 of the upper computer, the screen button 8, the DIP switch 5, or the digital knob 3, and no additional configuration is required.

[0052] After the instrument device on a communication link is confirmed to be configured with the private RS485 communication protocol, the operation of automatically configuring the general RS485 communication parameters can be carried out. If the master station of the private RS485 communication protocol selects to configure the address from left to right, the NFC reader / writer chip at its right end becomes the read mode, and vice versa, the NFC reader / writer chip at the left end becomes the read mode. The master station can read the unique serial number of the slave station installed in contact with it through the NFC reader / writer chip, and the read unique serial number is used as the address of the slave station. The master station configures the general RS485 communication parameters, and configures the communication parameters of the slave station through the private RS485 communication protocol while incrementing the address by one. After completing the above operations, according to the address arrangement direction, the NFC chip at the corresponding position of the slave station (if the address is configured from left to right, the corresponding position is the right end, otherwise it is the left end) becomes the read mode, reads the unique serial number of the next slave station installed in contact, and transmits it to the master station step by step through NFC communication, repeating the above configuration work until all the slave stations installed in contact have completed the communication parameter configuration; execute step 5.

[0053] Step 5, when the master station completes the configuration with its adjacent slave stations, it sends a polling message, starting from the main slave station with address 1, increasing sequentially until there is no response. If there is a polling feedback, after the main slave station obtains the master station's polling message, it will send the packaged data of all stored unique serial number information to the master station. The master station parses the packaged data, and according to the arrangement order of the unique serial numbers, configures the communication parameters of the instrument devices one by one through the private RS485 communication protocol while incrementing the address by one until all the instrument devices on the communication link have completed the communication parameter configuration, and then execute step 6; if there is no polling feedback, directly execute step 6.

[0054] Step 6, after a communication link completes the configuration of the general RS485 communication parameters, all instrument devices sequentially light up the LED indicator 2 of the device according to the address order. After the operator confirms that the automatically configured address order is correct, manually restore all instrument devices to the general RS485 communication mode to complete the automatic configuration of the RS485 communication parameters.

[0055] Embodiment 2

[0056] The electronic device of the present invention includes a central processing unit (CPU), which can execute various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program instructions stored in the read-only memory (ROM) or the computer program instructions loaded from the storage unit into the random access memory (RAM). In the RAM, various programs and data required for device operation can also be stored. The CPU, ROM, and RAM are connected to each other through a bus. The input / output (I / O) interface is also connected to the bus.

[0057] Multiple components in the device are connected to the I / O interface, including: an input unit, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit, such as a disk, an optical disc, etc.; and a communication unit, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit allows the device to exchange information / data with other devices via a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0058] The processing unit executes the various methods and processes described above. For example, in some embodiments, the method may be implemented as a computer software program tangibly embodied in a machine-readable medium, such as the storage unit. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed onto the device via the ROM and / or the communication unit. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM and executed by the CPU, one or more steps of the methods described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the CPU may be configured to execute the method by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0059] The functions described above herein may be performed, at least in part, by one or more hardware logic components. By way of example and not limitation, exemplary types of hardware logic components that may be used include: field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), system on a chip (SOCs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), and the like.

[0060] The program code for implementing the method of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, as a stand-alone software package partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0061] In the context of the present invention, a machine-readable medium can be a tangible medium that can contain or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine-readable medium can be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. The machine-readable medium can include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the machine-readable storage medium would include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0062] As described above, the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of various equivalent modifications or substitutions, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for automatically configuring RS485 communication parameters, characterized in that: The method is used to automatically configure the communication parameters of a group of RS485 communication instrument devices, wherein an NFC reader chip is provided at both ends of the RS485 communication instrument device; the method comprises the following steps: Step 101, confirm the RS485 communication instrument equipment to be set as the private RS485 communication protocol master station, configure the communication parameters of the conventional RS485 protocol for the master station, and determine the address plus one arrangement direction in sequence; Step 102, configuring the communication parameters of the private RS485 communication protocol slave station, including: the master station reads the unique serial code of the slave station installed in contact with it through the NFC reader chip, and the read unique serial code is used as the address of the slave station; the master station performs conventional RS485 communication parameter configuration on the slave station through the private RS485 communication protocol, and the address is increased by one; according to the arrangement direction of the address increase by one, the slave station reads the unique serial code of the next slave station installed in contact with it, and transmits it to the master station step by step through the NFC reader chip communication, and repeats the configuration of the slave station until the communication parameter configuration of all the slave stations installed in contact with each other is completed; Step 103, all RS485 communication instrument devices light up the LED indicators of the devices in sequence according to the address sequence. After the operator confirms that the automatically configured address sequence is correct, all RS485 communication instrument devices are restored to the normal RS485 communication mode to complete the automatic configuration of RS485 communication parameters.

2. A method for automatically configuring RS485 communication parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The address plus one arrangement direction includes from left to right and from right to left. If the address plus one arrangement direction selected by the master station is from left to right, the NFC reader chip on the right end of the device changes to a read mode, otherwise the NFC reader chip on the left end changes to a read mode, for sequential NFC communication.

3. A method for automatically configuring RS485 communication parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method described is applicable to a scenario where a communication link includes only a master station and a slave station.

4. A method for automatically configuring RS485 communication parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, When a communication link includes a private RS485 communication protocol master station, a main slave station and a slave station, the method further includes configuring the communication parameters of the private RS485 communication protocol main slave station after step 101, including: Use the method in step 1 to turn any RS485 communication instrument equipment into a private RS485 communication protocol main slave station, determine the main slave station address, and decide the sequential address plus one arrangement direction; The main slave station sequentially obtains the unique serial codes of the slave stations installed adjacent to it until no new serial codes can be read. The unique serial codes of the main slave station and the unique serial codes of the obtained slave stations are all packaged in order and stored in the main slave station; execute step 102.

5. A method for automatically configuring RS485 communication parameters according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes after step 102, the master station sends a polling message to the primary slave stations, starting with the primary slave station with the smallest address and increasing in sequence until there is no reply; After receiving the polling information from the master station, the main slave station sends all the packaged data storing the unique serial code information to the master station; The master station parses the packaged data, and configures the communication parameters of the RS485 communication instrument equipment in sequence according to the unique serial code arrangement order through the private RS485 communication protocol, and increases the address by one at the same time, and executes step 103 after completing the communication parameter configuration of all instrument equipment on the communication link.

6. A method for automatically configuring RS485 communication parameters according to claim 4, characterized in that: The address of the main slave station starts from 1, increases gradually and cannot be jumped.

7. A method for automatically configuring RS485 communication parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The RS485 communication instrument device is added with one of a digital knob 3, a host computer physical communication interface 4, a dip switch 5 or a screen button to modify configuration parameters and communication protocol status.

8. A method for automatically configuring RS485 communication parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the RS485 communication instrument device is configured at the factory, the unique serial code of the device is stored in the main control chip. When the NFC reader chips at both ends are configured in write mode, the serial code information is interactively transmitted through the NFC reader chips.

9. A method for automatically configuring RS485 communication parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The RS485 communication instrument equipment is configured as a private RS485 communication protocol mode by default when leaving the factory and is defined as a slave station; a plurality of the slave stations are installed next to the master station or the main slave station.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, wherein: When the processor executes the program, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is implemented.

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