High-bearing-capacity anti-deformation roof expansion joint and modular construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-bearing-capacity anti-deformation roof expansion joint and a modular construction method thereof, relates to the technical field of roof structure design and construction in constructional engineering, and solves the problem that in the prior art, an expansion joint leaks, and a roof structure is affected. The waterproof structure comprises a waterproof layer, the waterproof layer is arranged on a structure layer, a transition structure is arranged on the waterproof layer, a positioning structure is arranged on the transition structure, an expansion joint sealing plate matched with the waterproof layer is arranged on the positioning structure, and a drainage flow guide structure is further arranged on the waterproof structure layer. The waterproof layer is arranged on the structural layer, the structural layer is subjected to waterproof treatment, and water inflow can be avoided. The transition structure is used for constructing the outer surface of the structural layer, and the positioning structure is installed on the transition structure to position the expansion joint and guarantee the installation flatness of the expansion joint sealing plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of roof structure design and construction in construction engineering, in particular to a roof expansion joint and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of construction engineering, roof expansion joints are key structures for dealing with deformation caused by temperature changes, foundation settlement and earthquakes. Their design and construction quality play a decisive role in the safety, durability and waterproof performance of buildings. As modern buildings develop towards large-scale, high-rise and multifunctional directions, the loads borne by roofs are becoming increasingly complex and increasing, which puts extremely stringent requirements on the load-bearing capacity and anti-deformation performance of roof expansion joints.

[0003] There are many forms of traditional roof expansion joints, such as metal plate covering or precast concrete plate covering. However, these traditional forms have exposed many disadvantages in practical applications. When metal plates are used for covering, the joints at the segment interfaces are often not welded or welded tightly. During long-term use, rainwater can easily penetrate from here, causing roof leakage; when rivets are used to anchor metal plates, if waterproof gaskets are not added or the quality of waterproof gaskets is poor, the gaskets will age after a short period of use, and leakage problems will occur at the rivets. In addition, the roof is an area where people move or equipment is placed, and the metal plates are easily deformed under frequent trampling, further exacerbating the risk of leakage. When using precast concrete cover plates, due to the small size of the precast plates and the large number of joints, if the joints are not handled properly, the joints will become weak points for leakage. Moreover, the production and installation process of precast cover plates is relatively cumbersome, which not only consumes a lot of manpower and material resources, but also makes it difficult to ensure the consistency of construction quality.

[0004] At the same time, the traditional roof expansion joint construction method also has significant defects. The construction process is often complicated and involves multiple links. The degree of connection between the links has a great impact on the construction quality. During the construction process, the coordination and cooperation between the various types of work is difficult, and it is easy to have a chaotic construction sequence and uneven construction quality. For example, in some construction cases, the order of waterproof construction and expansion joint installation is improper, resulting in poor sealing of the waterproof layer at the expansion joint, which in turn causes leakage problems. In addition, traditional construction methods mostly rely on manual operation, which makes the construction quality largely depend on the technical level and work attitude of the construction personnel. There are differences in the operating habits and technical proficiency of different construction personnel, making it difficult to ensure the stability and uniformity of the construction quality. This difference in construction quality caused by human factors not only increases the difficulty of quality control during the construction process, but also buries safety hazards for the later use of the building.

[0005] In actual engineering, problems caused by insufficient bearing capacity and poor anti-deformation performance of roof expansion joints are common. Shortly after some buildings are put into use, cracks, collapses and other phenomena appear at the roof expansion joints, seriously affecting the normal use function of the buildings. When some roof expansion joints bear large loads, they cannot effectively disperse and transfer stress, resulting in damage to the roof structure around the expansion joints, and further affecting the structural safety of the entire building. During natural disasters such as earthquakes, the anti-deformation ability of the expansion joints is insufficient and cannot meet the deformation requirements of the building, which may cause serious damage to the building at the expansion joints, endangering the safety of people's lives and property. Moreover, the leakage problem of roof expansion joints will not only cause damage to the indoor decoration due to moisture, but may also lead to safety accidents such as electrical equipment short circuits, bringing great troubles and losses to the residents. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the above background technology, the present invention proposes a high-bearing-capacity and anti-deformation roof expansion joint and its modular construction method, which solves the problems of leakage of the expansion joint in the prior art and affects the roof structure.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows: A high-bearing-capacity and anti-deformation roof expansion joint includes a waterproof layer, the waterproof layer is arranged on the structural layer, a transition structure is arranged on the waterproof layer, a positioning structure is arranged on the transition structure, a sealing plate for the expansion joint cooperating with the waterproof layer is arranged on the positioning structure, and a drainage and diversion structure is also arranged on the waterproof structural layer.

[0008] Further preferably, the waterproof layer includes a support member arranged on the expansion joint, a waterproof coiled material is pasted on the support member, and both sides of the waterproof coiled material extend between the transition structure and the structural layer.

[0009] Further preferably, the support member includes a support plate, a fixing member is arranged on the support plate, the support plate is connected to the structural layer through the fixing member, and a waterproof sealant layer is arranged on the support plate.

[0010] Further preferably, an arc-shaped protrusion is arranged in the middle of the support plate, the height of the arc-shaped protrusion is H, and H is 50-70mm.

[0011] Further preferably, the transition structure includes a protective layer and a heat-insulating layer, the outer side surface of the heat-insulating layer is on the same plane as the outermost side surface of the structural layer, a slope-forming layer is arranged inside the heat-insulating layer, and the slope-forming layer is arranged on the waterproof coiled material.

[0012] Further preferably, the positioning structure includes two symmetric angle steels, a three-dimensional stress-bearing structure frame is connected to the angle steels, the three-dimensional stress-bearing structure frame extends into the protective layer and is located outside the support plate, and the sealing plate for the expansion joint is fixedly connected to one of the angle steels and cooperates with the other angle steel.

[0013] Further preferably, the support plate, the angle steel and the expansion joint sealing plate cooperate to form a sealed chamber, and the sealed chamber is filled with a foaming agent plugging block.

[0014] Further preferably, the drainage and diversion structure includes a water-facing splash-proof plate and a cover plate. The water-facing splash-proof plate and the cover plate are both installed on the expansion joint facing the lower opening of the joint, and the water-facing splash-proof plate is located inside the cover plate.

[0015] Further preferably, a diversion pipe is connected to the cover plate, and a drain pipe is connected to the diversion pipe.

[0016] A modular construction method for a high-bearing-capacity and anti-deformation roof expansion joint includes the following steps: S1: First, perform the waterproof layer construction: Process the support plate. The support plate bulges to a certain height in the middle according to a size of 50 - 70 mm, and use fixing parts to fix it on both sides of the structure. After the support plate is fixed in place, pre-lay a flexible waterproof sealant on the outer side of the structural layer and the support plate, and then lay the waterproof coiled material from the lowest part of the support plate to the structural layers on both sides of the expansion joint. S2: After the waterproof coiled material is laid, perform the construction of the slope-forming layer and the insulation layer in sequence on the waterproof coiled material on the structural layer, and make the outermost side of the insulation layer flush with the outermost side of the structural layer. S3: Pre-fabricate a three-dimensional stress structure frame in advance and embed the three-dimensional stress structure frame in the protective layer: After the insulation layer is laid, embed the tied three-dimensional stress structure frame in the protective layer. The ends of the three-dimensional stress structure frame extend a certain length to both sides to ensure the flatness and verticality of the three-dimensional stress structure frame, and then pour concrete for covering. S4: After the concrete reaches a certain strength to form a protective layer, then weld angle steel on the three-dimensional stress structure frame, and the expansion joint sealing plate is spot-welded to the angle steel by using an intermittent skip-welding process. S5: Fill the sealed chamber formed between the support plate, the angle steel and the expansion joint sealing plate with polyurethane foaming agent to form a foaming agent plugging block. S6: Install the cover plate at the lower opening of the expansion joint by using high-strength expansion bolts; one water-facing splash-proof plate is arranged along the length of the expansion joint inside the cover plate, and the water-facing splash-proof plate is fixed on the structural layer by using high-strength expansion bolts to complete the construction of the expansion joint.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The waterproof layer of the present invention is arranged on the structural layer to perform waterproof treatment on the structural layer, which can avoid water ingress. The transition structure is used for the construction of the outer surface of the structural layer, and the positioning structure is installed on the transition structure to position the expansion joint and ensure the flatness of the installation of the expansion joint sealing plate.

[0018] 2. The anti-deformation roof expansion joint of the present invention, through high bearing capacity and anti-deformation design, as well as reasonable waterproof structure design, lays a support plate formed by a galvanized iron sheet and a foaming agent plug formed by a polyurethane foaming agent on the structures on both sides of the expansion joint, effectively avoiding problems such as the rupture and leakage of the waterproof layer caused by the deformation of the expansion joint, ensuring the waterproof performance of the roof, reducing the damage to the internal structure and decoration of the building caused by roof leakage, and improving the service function and durability of the building.

[0019] 3. Due to the good performance of the roof expansion joint, the number of repairs and renovations required for the building due to structural damage and leakage problems is reduced, the consumption of building materials and the waste of energy are reduced, meeting the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection, and having certain social and environmental benefits.

[0020] 4. The high bearing capacity anti-deformation roof expansion joint of the present invention and its modular construction method are applicable to various types of buildings, whether residential, commercial or industrial buildings, as well as building projects of different scales and heights. Its good performance and convenient construction method provide a high-quality roof expansion joint solution for the construction industry, with broad application prospects and promotion value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the support plate of the present invention; Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the special-shaped stirrup; Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the 3 cover plate; Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the water-facing splash guard.

[0023] In the figure: 1 is the waterproof coiled material, 2 is the slope-forming layer, 3 is the insulation layer, 4 is the protective layer, 5 is the full-length steel bar, 6 is the L-shaped angle steel, 7 is the expansion sealing plate, 8 is the fixing part, 9 is the support plate, 9-1 is the arc-shaped protrusion, 10 is the foaming agent plug, 11 is the water-facing splash guard, 12 is the cover plate, 13 is the drain port, 14 is the diversion pipe, 15 is the drain pipe, 16 is the special-shaped stirrup, 17 is the structural layer, 18 is the high-strength bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, in Embodiment 1, a high-load-bearing and anti-deformation roof expansion joint includes a waterproof layer provided on a structural layer 17. A transition structure is provided on the waterproof layer, a positioning structure is provided on the transition structure, and an expansion joint sealing plate 7 that cooperates with the waterproof layer is provided on the positioning structure. A drainage and diversion structure is also provided on the waterproof structural layer 17. The good performance of the roof expansion joint reduces the number of repairs and renovations required for the building due to problems such as structural damage and leakage, reduces the consumption of building materials and the waste of energy, meets the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection, and has certain social and environmental benefits. The waterproof layer is provided on the structural layer 17 to perform waterproof treatment on the structural layer 17 and can prevent water from entering. The transition structure is used for the construction of the outer surface of the structural layer 17, and the positioning structure is installed on the transition structure to position the expansion joint and ensure the flatness of the installation of the expansion joint sealing plate 7.

[0026] In this embodiment, the waterproof layer includes a support member provided on the expansion joint. A waterproof coiled material 1 is pasted on the support member, and both sides of the waterproof coiled material 1 extend between the transition structure and the structural layer 17. The support member includes a support plate 9. A fixing member 8 is provided on the support plate 9. The support plate 9 is connected to the structural layer 17 through the fixing member 8, and a waterproof sealant layer is provided on the support plate 9. An arc-shaped protrusion 10 is provided in the middle of the support plate 9. The height of the arc-shaped protrusion 10 is H, and H is 50 - 70 mm, which can prevent the waterproof layer from being torn when the two sides of the structure settle unevenly. The support plate 9 is galvanized iron sheet, and the fixing member 8 is a cement nail. The galvanized iron sheet is covered on the structural layer 17 on both sides of the expansion joint, and a certain bulging space is reserved according to the deformable expansion capacity of the galvanized iron sheet. The galvanized iron sheet is fixed with cement nails, and the cement nails are evenly arranged at an interval of 500 mm.

[0027] In this embodiment, the transition structure includes a protective layer 4 and a thermal insulation layer 3. The outer side surface of the thermal insulation layer 3 is in the same plane as the outermost side surface of the structural layer 17. A slope-finding layer 2 is provided inside the thermal insulation layer 3, and the slope-finding layer 2 is arranged on the waterproof coiled material 1. The positioning structure includes two symmetric angle steels 6. The angle steel 6 is an L-shaped angle steel. The L-shaped angle steel is buckled on the corner of the expansion joint and fits with the wall of the expansion joint. A three-dimensional stress-bearing structure frame is connected to the angle steel 6. The three-dimensional stress-bearing structure frame extends into the protective layer 4 and is located outside the support plate 9. The expansion joint sealing plate 7 is fixedly connected to one of the angle steels 6 and cooperates with the other angle steel 6. The galvanized steel plate is spot-welded to one side of the L-shaped angle steel, using the interval skip-welding process, and slides on the other side. The three-dimensional stress-bearing structure frame includes a full-length steel bar 5 and a special-shaped stirrup 16, which are firmly tied together by binding wires, that is, the special-shaped stirrup 16 and the full-length steel bar 5 are tied at the same steel bar spacing to form a three-dimensional stress-bearing structure frame. The special-shaped stirrup 16 is of an open type, and the end extends into the protective layer 4 by a certain diameter, and the diameter length is specifically about 200 mm. The support plate 9, the angle steel 6 and the expansion joint sealing plate 7 cooperate to form a sealed chamber, and the sealed chamber is filled with a foaming agent plug 11.

[0028] Specifically, a support plate 9 formed by laying a galvanized iron sheet on both sides of the expansion joint and a foaming agent plug 11 formed by a polyurethane foaming agent effectively avoid problems such as the rupture and leakage of the waterproof layer caused by the deformation of the expansion joint, ensure the waterproof performance of the roof, reduce the damage to the internal structure and decoration of the building caused by the roof leakage, and improve the service function and durability of the building.

[0029] Such as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown in the figure, Example 2, a high-load-bearing and deformation-resistant roof expansion joint. The drainage and diversion structure includes a water-facing splash guard 12 and a cover plate 12. Both the water-facing splash guard 12 and the cover plate 12 are installed on the expansion joint facing the lower opening of the gap, and the water-facing splash guard 12 is located inside the cover plate 12. A diversion pipe 14 is connected to the cover plate 12, and a drain pipe 15 is connected to the diversion pipe 14. There is a water receiving trough facing the lower opening of the gap of the expansion joint. The width of the water receiving trough should be 400 mm and it is made of 304 stainless steel cover plate. The water-facing splash guard 12 is arranged inside the water receiving trough, and the drain pipe 15 with an inner diameter of 50 mm is fully welded to the lower opening of the water receiving trough. There is a water receiving trough facing the lower opening of the gap of the expansion joint. The water receiving trough is made of two 304 stainless steel cover plates, and the ends extend downward for a certain length. The vertical drain pipe 15 with an inner diameter of 50 mm is fully welded to the lower end of the 304 stainless steel cover plate. The 304 stainless steel cover plate 12 consists of three parts, namely: a "one"-shaped planar fixed cover plate 12 and two "channel"-shaped lateral closed cover plates 12. The 304 stainless steel cover plate is fixed by high-strength expansion bolts. The water-facing splash guard 12 arranged inside the water receiving trough is fixed by high-strength expansion bolts. The water-facing splash guard 12 is customized in the factory using 304 stainless steel and specifically presents an inverted "7" shape.

[0030] Specific installation process of the high-load-bearing and deformation-resistant roof expansion joint and its modular construction method: Installation of expansion joint components. Weld the L-shaped angle steel, the full-length steel bar 5 and the special-shaped stirrup 16, and fix them on the structural layer 17 to ensure that the angle steel 6 is installed firmly and in the correct position. Lay a galvanized steel plate above the angle steel 6. Welding or other reliable connection methods can be used between the galvanized steel plate and the angle steel 6. Then install the galvanized iron sheet and fix it with cement nails. Fill the expansion joint with polyurethane foam to play a role in sealing and buffering deformation. In the project taking the editor as an example, after the installation of the L-shaped angle steel, the verticality is detected, and the deviation is controlled within ±2 mm. The galvanized steel plate is welded firmly, and the qualification rate of the weld flaw detection reaches 100%. The galvanized iron sheet is installed firmly without looseness. After filling the polyurethane foam, through the on-site rain test, there is no leakage at the expansion joint, effectively playing a role in sealing and buffering deformation.

[0031] Install the 304 stainless steel water receiving trough to ensure its tight connection with the surrounding structure and smooth drainage. Install the water-facing splash guard 12 in a suitable position to block the impact of rainwater. Finally, install the 304 stainless steel cover plate and complete the welding schematic of the drain pipe 15 and the stainless steel cover plate, and connect the 50 mm diameter UPVC pipe and the 110 mm diameter UPVC pipe to form a complete drainage system. In the project taking the editor as an example, after the installation of the 304 stainless steel water receiving trough, the slope detection is 0.5%, and the drainage is smooth. The water-facing splash guard 12 is installed firmly and effectively blocks the impact of rainwater. After the installation of the drainage system is completed, a water passing test is carried out, and the drainage flow reaches the design requirements. The entire drainage system operates well, forming a complete and efficient drainage system.

[0032] All other structures are the same as those in Embodiment 1.

[0033] As Figure 1 shown, Embodiment 3, a modular construction method for a high-load-bearing and deformation-resistant roof expansion joint, includes the following steps: S1: First, perform the waterproof layer construction: Process the support plate 9, with the support plate 9 bulging to a certain height in the middle according to a size of 50 - 70 mm, and fix it on both sides of the structure using the fixing parts 8; after the support plate 9 is fixed in place, pre-lay a flexible waterproof sealant on the outer side of the structural layer 17 and the support plate 9, and then lay the waterproof coiled material 1 from the lowest part of the support plate 9 to the structural layers 17 on both sides of the expansion joint; S2: After the waterproof coiled material 1 is laid, perform the construction of the slope-forming layer 2 and the insulation layer 3 in sequence on the waterproof coiled material 1 on the structural layer 17, and make the outermost side of the insulation layer 3 flush with the outermost side of the structural layer 17; S3: Pre-fabricate the three-dimensional stress-bearing structure frame in advance and embed it in the protective layer 4: After the insulation layer 3 is laid, embed the tied three-dimensional stress-bearing structure frame in the protective layer 4; the ends of the three-dimensional stress-bearing structure frame extend a certain length to both sides to ensure the flatness and perpendicularity of the three-dimensional stress-bearing structure frame, and then pour concrete for covering; S4: After the concrete reaches a certain strength to form the protective layer 4, then weld the angle steel 6 on the three-dimensional stress-bearing structure frame, and the expansion joint sealing plate 7 is spot-welded to the angle steel 6 using the interval skip-welding process; S5: Fill the sealing chamber formed between the support plate 9, the angle steel 6 and the expansion joint sealing plate 7 with polyurethane foam to form the foam plugging block 11; S6: Install the cover plate 12 at the lower opening of the expansion joint using high-strength expansion bolts; a water-receiving splash-proof plate 12 is arranged along the length of the expansion joint at the inner edge of the cover plate 12, and the water-receiving splash-proof plate 12 is fixed on the structural layer 17 using high-strength expansion bolts to complete the construction of the expansion joint.

[0034] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, Embodiment 4, a high-load-bearing roof expansion joint and its modular construction method, includes a structural layer 17, a waterproof layer, a slope-forming layer 2, an insulation layer 3, a protective layer 4, etc. Before pouring the protective layer 4, a three-dimensional stress-bearing structure frame composed of a full-length steel bar 5 and a special-shaped stirrup 16 is pre-embedded in the protective layers 4 on both sides of the expansion joint in advance. The L-shaped angle steel is welded to the three-dimensional stress-bearing structure frame, and then a galvanized steel plate with a certain strength is placed. Three stainless steel cover plates are fixed at the lower opening of the expansion joint gap, and a water-receiving splash-proof plate 12 is arranged inside. The structure of this invention patent can maintain the structural stability during long-term use and reduce maintenance. And the modular construction can improve the installation speed, reduce costs, and reduce the on-site operation time.

[0035] The waterproof layer, slope-finding layer 2, insulation layer 3 and protective layer 4 are constructed layer by layer according to the general situation of the project location, and their thickness and construction key points meet the specification requirements.

[0036] Before the construction of the protective layer 4, the laying construction of galvanized iron sheets is completed in advance. The galvanized iron sheets are fixed to the two-side structures with cement nails throughout their length, and the spacing of the cement nails meets certain requirements. At the expansion joint position, the galvanized iron sheets are fixed with cement nails. The galvanized iron sheets are turned over the expansion joint and bulge to a certain height, and the bulging height is generally 50 - 70 mm, preferably 60 mm, with a wide range of applications.

[0037] The waterproof layer is pasted on the galvanized iron sheets, and a layer of waterproof sealant should be applied on the upper part of the galvanized iron sheets. The waterproof layer is pasted on the galvanized iron sheets, and a layer of waterproof sealant is applied in advance.

[0038] A layer of polyurethane foam is filled between the galvanized steel plate and the galvanized iron sheet to ensure the density of the internal space. A layer of polyurethane foam is filled between the galvanized steel plate and the galvanized iron sheet to ensure the density of the internal space, playing a role of sealing and buffering. After filling the polyurethane foam, it is necessary to undergo on-site rain testing to ensure no leakage at the expansion joint.

[0039] The full-length reinforcement 5 and the special-shaped stirrups 16 are tied at equal intervals to form a steel bar framework of a force-bearing structure with a certain structure. At the expansion joint position, specifically, a three-dimensional force-bearing structure frame composed of the full-length reinforcement 5 and the special-shaped stirrups 16 enhances the integrity and bearing capacity of the overall deformation joint structure. When the special-shaped stirrups 16 bear the roof load and deformation stress, they can effectively restrain the displacement of the reinforcement, improving the bearing capacity and anti-deformation ability of the structure.

[0040] The special-shaped stirrups 16 are of the open type, and the ends extend into the protective layer 4 by a certain distance to ensure a certain grip force with the protective layer 4 and increase their stress intensity. The galvanized steel plate and the L-shaped angle steel are spot-welded using the skip welding process.

[0041] The L-shaped angle steel is welded to the three-dimensional force-bearing structure frame composed of the full-length reinforcement 5 and the special-shaped stirrups 16, which is beneficial for their stable connection and further improves the structural strength of the expansion joint area. After the installation of the L-shaped angle steel, after the verticality detection, the deviation should be controlled within ±2 mm.

[0042] The galvanized steel plate and the L-shaped angle steel are subjected to the interval skip welding process, and the other side slides, which overall improves the structural strength and anti-deformation ability of the expansion joint area. The steel plate should be welded firmly, and the weld flaw detection should reach 100%. The galvanized iron sheet should be installed firmly to ensure no loosening.

[0043] The expansion joint faces the lower opening of the gap and has a water receiving trough, which is composed of three stainless steel cover plates. The stainless steel cover plates are connected to the structure by high-strength bolts 18. Two continuous water-facing splash-proof plates 12 are arranged inside the water receiving trough and fixed to the structure by high-strength bolts 18. A 304 stainless steel water receiving trough is arranged along the length of the expansion joint at the lower opening of the expansion joint. The material of the water receiving trough has corrosion resistance and a certain strength, and it can effectively collect the accumulated water infiltrated from the waterproof layer or generated for other reasons. Through reasonable slope design, the accumulated water can smoothly flow to the drain pipe 15. Through Figure 1 As shown, the stainless steel cover plate at the lower opening of the water receiving trough is welded to the vertical pipe.

[0044] Due to its unique shape and installation position, the water-facing splash-proof plate 12 is mainly set at the lower opening part of the structures on both sides of the expansion joint. Its main function is to block the direct impact of rainwater on the expansion joint part, reduce the erosion of rainwater on the expansion joint structure and the waterproof structure, and its material and structure requirements enable it to withstand the impact of rainwater and direct the water flow to the drainage system to protect the waterproof performance of the expansion joint and the surrounding structures.

[0045] A high-load-bearing roof expansion joint and its modular construction method include the following steps: Step 1: According to the construction procedure, the waterproof layer, slope-forming layer, insulation layer, and protective layer are constructed layer by layer step by step.

[0046] Step 2: The galvanized iron sheet is cut according to the width on both sides of the expansion joint and the reserved raised height. The cutting width should be uniform and reasonable, and then it is fixed on both sides of the structural layer with cement nails.

[0047] Step 3: Before laying the waterproof layer, a certain thickness of flexible waterproof sealant should be applied on the upper layer of the galvanized iron sheet.

[0048] Step 4: The continuous reinforcement bars and special-shaped stirrups are cut and bent in the factory according to the established specifications, and then tied at equal intervals to form a three-dimensional stress structure frame with a certain stress structure.

[0049] Step 5: The end of the three-dimensional stress structure frame extends into the protective layer for a certain length, preferably 200 mm. The edge is closely attached to the structural layer to ensure the straightness of the vertical surface, and then the L-shaped angle steel is welded. The surface of the angle steel is closely attached to the concrete surface layer.

[0050] Step 6: After the concrete of the protective layer reaches a certain strength, the L-shaped angle steel and the galvanized steel bars are welded at intervals in a skip welding manner.

[0051] Step 7: Before installing the galvanized steel plate, a layer of polyurethane foam agent should be filled in the gap between the galvanized iron sheet.

[0052] Step 8: At the lower opening of the expansion joint, the stainless steel cover plate and the water-facing splash-proof plate are fixed with high-strength bolts, and the PVC drain pipe is connected to the lower opening of the cover plate.

[0053] This construction method has made systematic technical improvements to the problems of leakage and damage existing in the expansion joints of traditional parking roofs. The key points of this invention patent are as follows: the structures on both sides of the expansion joint, the waterproof layer, slope-finding and leveling layer, insulation layer, and protective layer of the traditional roof; before the construction of the protective layer, a certain space is reserved in advance to facilitate the binding between the special-shaped stirrups and the full-length steel bars, so as to improve the durability of the protective layer on both sides of the expansion joint; the overall shape of the special-shaped stirrups is regular and square, and a certain length is extended at the end and inserted into the protective layer. The special-shaped stirrups are bound to the full-length steel bars at a certain interval. Before the pouring of the protective layer, the pre-fabricated L-shaped angle steel in the factory is spot-welded to the special-shaped steel bars in advance, and at the same time, the verticality and flatness control requirements during the welding process are well done to ensure that after the pouring of the protective layer, the contact surface of the angle steel is exposed on the concrete surface; a certain height is raised between the expansion joints of the angle steels by using galvanized iron sheets, and the galvanized iron sheets are fixed on the parapets on both sides with cement nails. The waterproof coiled material covers the expansion joint with a certain raised height to prevent the waterproof coiled material from being torn when the main body sinks. The gap between the galvanized iron sheets is sealed with a flexible micro-expansion material to ensure its density. Subsequently, one side of the galvanized steel plate is welded to the angle steel in advance, and the other side is made to slide. This patent innovatively combines the composite structure design with the standardized construction process, significantly improving the bearing performance and durability of the expansion joint structure.

[0054] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-bearing capacity anti-deformation roof expansion joint, characterized in that: It comprises a waterproof layer, which is arranged on a structural layer (17), a transition structure is arranged on the waterproof layer, a positioning structure is arranged on the transition structure, an expansion joint sealing plate (7) cooperating with the waterproof layer is arranged on the positioning structure, and a drainage and diversion structure is also arranged on the waterproof structural layer (17).

2. The high-bearing capacity anti-deformation roof expansion joint according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The waterproof layer comprises a support member arranged on the expansion joint, a waterproof roll material (1) is adhered to the support member, and both sides of the waterproof roll material (1) extend between the transition structure and the structural layer (17).

3. The high-bearing capacity anti-deformation roof expansion joint according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The support member comprises a support plate (9), a fixing member (8) is provided on the support plate (9), the support plate (9) is connected to the structural layer (17) via the fixing member (8), and a waterproof sealing paste layer is provided on the support plate (9).

4. The high-bearing capacity anti-deformation roof expansion joint according to claim 3 is characterized in that: An arc-shaped protrusion (10) is provided in the middle of the support plate (9), and the height of the arc-shaped protrusion (10) is H, which is 50-70 mm.

5. The high-bearing capacity anti-deformation roof expansion joint according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The transition structure comprises a protective layer (4) and a thermal insulation layer (3), wherein the outer side surface of the thermal insulation layer (3) and the outermost side surface of the structural layer (17) are located on the same plane, and a slope leveling layer (2) is provided on the inner side of the thermal insulation layer (3), and the slope leveling layer (2) is arranged on the waterproof coiled material (1).

6. The high-bearing capacity anti-deformation roof expansion joint according to claim 5, characterized in that: The positioning structure comprises two symmetrical angle steels (6), the angle steels (6) being connected with a three-dimensional force-bearing structure frame, the three-dimensional force-bearing structure frame extending into the protective layer (4) and being located outside the support plate (9), and the expansion joint sealing plate (7) being fixedly connected to one of the angle steels (6) and cooperating with the other angle steel (6).

7. The high-bearing capacity anti-deformation roof expansion joint according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support plate (9), the angle steel (6) and the expansion joint sealing plate (7) cooperate to form a sealed chamber, and the sealed chamber is filled with a foaming agent sealing block (11).

8. The high-bearing capacity anti-deformation roof expansion joint according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 6 and 7, characterized in that: The drainage and diversion structure comprises a water-facing splash plate (12) and a cover plate (12), wherein the water-facing splash plate (12) and the cover plate (12) are both installed on the expansion joint facing the lower opening of the gap, and the water-facing splash plate (12) is located on the inner side of the cover plate (12).

9. The high-bearing capacity anti-deformation roof expansion joint according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cover plate (12) is connected to a flow guide pipe (14), and the flow guide pipe (14) is connected to a drainage pipe (15).

10. A modular construction method for a high-bearing capacity anti-deformation roof expansion joint according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: First, waterproof layer construction is performed: the support plate (9) is processed, the support plate (9) is raised to a certain height in the middle according to a size of 50-70 mm, and is fixed to the structures on both sides by using fixing members (8); after the support plate (9) is fixed in place, a flexible waterproof sealant is pre-paved on the outer side of the structural layer (17) and the support plate (9), and then the waterproof membrane (1) is paved from the lowest point of the support plate (9) to the structural layers (17) on both sides of the expansion joint; S2: After the waterproofing membrane (1) is laid, a slope leveling layer (2) and a thermal insulation layer (3) are sequentially constructed on the waterproofing membrane (1) on the structural layer (17), and the outermost side of the thermal insulation layer (3) is flush with the outermost side of the structural layer (17); S3: Prepare the three-dimensional load-bearing structure frame in advance and embed the three-dimensional load-bearing structure frame in the protective layer (4): after the thermal insulation layer (3) is laid, embed the tied three-dimensional load-bearing structure frame in the protective layer (4); the ends of the three-dimensional load-bearing structure frame extend to both sides for a certain length to ensure the flatness and verticality of the three-dimensional load-bearing structure frame, and then pour concrete to cover it; S4: After the concrete reaches a certain strength, a protective layer (4) is formed, and then the angle steel (6) is welded to the three-dimensional load-bearing structure frame, and the expansion joint sealing plate (7) is spot-welded to the angle steel (6) by using an interval jump welding process; S5: filling a polyurethane foaming agent into a sealed chamber formed between the support plate (9), the angle steel (6) and the expansion joint sealing plate (7) to form a foaming agent sealing block (11); S6: Install the cover plate (12) at the lower end of the expansion joint using high-strength expansion screws; a water-facing splash plate (12) is arranged inside the cover plate (12) along the length of the expansion joint, and the water-facing splash plate (12) is fixed to the structural layer (17) using high-strength expansion screws, thereby completing the expansion joint construction.

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