Electric brush structure with self-checking function

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric brushes, in particular to an electric brush structure with a self-checking function, and the electric brush structure comprises a brush carrier part which sleeves a rotating shaft collector ring; the carbon brush parts are installed in the brush carrier part at equal intervals, and the inner sides of the carbon brush parts are attached to the outer wall of the rotating shaft collector ring to achieve transmission and conversion of current; the detection part is arranged in the carbon brush part and is used for monitoring the working state of the carbon brush part in real time; in the use process of the electric brush, the abrasion condition of the carbon block can be monitored in real time, an alarm is given out before maximum abrasion, an operator can replace or maintain the electric brush in time conveniently, it is avoided that due to excessive abrasion of the carbon block and too large sparks, a slip ring is ablated, the temperature of the carbon brush is overheated, and operation of a motor is seriously affected, and normal operation of equipment is effectively guaranteed; by monitoring the current flowing through the wire bar, real-time control of the current of all the wire bars is achieved, it is ensured that the current of all the wire bars is within the average range, and the problems that some electric brushes are overheated and some electric brush current is too small due to uneven current are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric brushes, and particularly to an electric brush structure with a self-checking function. Background Art

[0002] An electric brush is an important component of an electric motor, responsible for conducting current between rotating and stationary components. Since it is mostly made of graphite, it is also called a carbon brush.

[0003] The electric brush is mostly assembled on a commutator or slip ring and is a sliding contact body. Its main function is to transmit current. During normal operation, friction will occur between the electric brush and the slip ring. Over time, this friction will cause the electric brush to gradually wear.

[0004] When the carbon block of the electric brush becomes shorter, it will lead to poor contact with the slip ring, a decrease in current transmission efficiency, and thus a reduction in the output power of the electric motor, affecting the overall performance. At the same time, sparks will also be generated. Slight sparks have no impact on normal operation, but when the spark intensity exceeds a certain limit, it will cause slip ring ablation and carbon brush overheating, seriously affecting the operation of the electric motor.

[0005] At the same time, poor contact will also lead to uneven distribution of current among the electric brushes, causing some electric brushes to overheat and other electric brushes to have too little current, affecting the normal operation of the electric motor. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned existing electric brush structure with a self-checking function, the present invention is proposed.

[0007] Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric brush structure with a self-checking function.

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An electric brush structure with a self-checking function, comprising:

[0009] A brush holder part, sleeved outside the rotating shaft slip ring;

[0010] A carbon brush part, equidistantly installed in the brush holder part, and the inner side thereof is attached to the outer wall of the rotating shaft slip ring for realizing current transfer and conversion;

[0011] A detection part, arranged in the carbon brush part for real-time monitoring of its working state.

[0012] As a preferred scheme of the electric brush structure with a self-checking function of the present invention, wherein: the carbon brush part includes a brush box, one side of the brush box is provided with a terminal, and a receiving groove is opened at the bottom of the brush box. A carbon block is arranged inside the receiving groove, and the carbon block is connected to the terminal through a wire row.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the brush structure with a self-checking function according to the present invention, wherein: an elastic member is disposed inside the receiving groove, and the elastic member has a pushing effect in contact with the carbon block, and the carbon block always adheres to the outer wall of the rotating shaft collector ring by the thrust of the elastic member after wear.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the brush structure with a self-checking function according to the present invention, wherein: the detection part includes a microcomputer controller and a wear degree monitoring component, and the wear degree monitoring component is electrically connected to the microcomputer controller for transmitting the real-time monitored wear condition of the carbon block to the wear degree monitoring component.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the brush structure with a self-checking function according to the present invention, wherein: the wear degree monitoring component includes a vertical rod, a connecting block is fixed at the bottom of the vertical rod, and a linkage rod is rotatably connected to one side of the upper end of the vertical rod, and the other end of the linkage rod is rotatably connected to a measuring rod. A limiting sliding sleeve is sleeved outside the measuring rod, and a travel switch is disposed at one end of the measuring rod, and an audible and visual alarm is disposed on one side of the travel switch.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the brush structure with a self-checking function according to the present invention, wherein: an optical measuring member is further disposed at the end of the limiting sliding sleeve, and the optical measuring member feeds back the wear length of the carbon block by monitoring the linear movement distance of the measuring rod.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the brush structure with a self-checking function according to the present invention, wherein: the detection part further includes a current monitoring component, and the current monitoring component is used for monitoring the current flowing through the busbar.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the brush structure with a self-checking function according to the present invention, wherein: the current monitoring component includes a monitoring member for detecting current and a mounting bracket for mounting the current monitoring component outside the ring.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the brush structure with a self-checking function according to the present invention, wherein: the monitoring member includes a Hall sensor sleeved outside the busbar and a wiring terminal embedded in the outside of the mounting bracket, and a wire rod is disposed between the Hall sensor and the wiring terminal, and a plug-in end is disposed on the outside of the wiring terminal.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the brush structure with a self-checking function according to the present invention, wherein: the mounting bracket includes a cross plate, side plates are fixed on both sides of the cross plate, clamping plates are disposed inside both side plates, and a fastening cavity is formed in the space between the clamping plates and the side plates, and the clamping plates are driven by a driving member to move away from or close to the side plates.

[0021] Advantages of the present invention: During the use of the brush of the present invention, the wear condition of the carbon block can be monitored in real time, and an alarm can be issued before the maximum wear, which is convenient for the operator to replace or maintain in time, avoiding excessive wear of the carbon block, resulting in too large a spark, causing slip ring ablation and overheating of the carbon brush, which has a serious impact on the operation of the motor, and effectively ensuring the normal operation of the equipment;

[0022] By monitoring the current of the convection warp busbars, real-time control of the current of all busbars is achieved, ensuring that the current of all busbars is within the average range, avoiding problems such as overheating of the carbon brush caused by uneven current and too small current of other carbon brushes, which affect the normal operation of the motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts. Among them:

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the carbon brush structure with a self-checking function of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the brush holder part in the carbon brush structure with a self-checking function of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the carbon brush part in the carbon brush structure with a self-checking function of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the carbon brush part in the carbon brush structure with a self-checking function of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection part in the carbon brush structure with a self-checking function of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wear degree monitoring component in the carbon brush structure with a self-checking function of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 The enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at A.

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting bracket in the carbon brush structure with a self-checking function of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0032] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the following provides a detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.

[0033] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to facilitate a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the essence of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0034] Secondly, the so-called "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation manner of the present invention. The appearances of "in one embodiment" in different places in this specification do not all refer to the same embodiment, nor are they separate or alternative embodiments that exclude each other.

[0035] Thirdly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to schematic diagrams. When detailing the embodiments of the present invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views showing the device structure are enlarged locally not in accordance with the general scale, and the schematic diagrams are only examples and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention herein. In addition, in actual production, three-dimensional spatial dimensions including length, width, and depth should be included.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] Refer to Figures 1-6 , a brush structure with a self-checking function, comprising:

[0038] A brush holder part 100, sleeved outside the rotating shaft slip ring;

[0039] A carbon brush part 200, equidistantly installed in the brush holder part 100, and the inner side thereof is attached to the outer wall of the rotating shaft slip ring to achieve current transfer and conversion;

[0040] A detection part 300, arranged in the carbon brush part 200 to monitor its working state in real time.

[0041] Specifically, the brush holder part 100 includes a ring 101, a base 102 is arranged at the bottom of the ring 101, and slots 103 are equidistantly opened on the outer periphery of the ring 101.

[0042] Furthermore, the carbon brush part 200 includes a brush box 201, a terminal 202 is arranged on one side of the brush box 201, and a receiving groove 203 is opened at the bottom of the brush box 201. A carbon block 204 is arranged inside the receiving groove 203, and the carbon block 204 is connected to the terminal 202 through a wire row 205.

[0043] Specifically, the number and size of the slots 103 match the size and number of the carbon brush part 200. The carbon brush part 200 is inserted into the slots 103. The bottom of the slots 103 is open. One end of the carbon block 204 passes through the opening and fits against the outside of the rotating shaft collector ring.

[0044] Further, an elastic member is provided inside the accommodating groove 203. The elastic member fits against the carbon block 204 and has a pushing effect. After the carbon block 204 wears, it always fits against the outer wall of the rotating shaft collector ring by means of the thrust of the elastic member.

[0045] Specifically, the elastic member includes a metal cap 206 provided in the accommodating groove 203. A spring 207 is provided between the metal cap 206 and the inner wall of the accommodating groove 203. A guide groove is formed inside the accommodating groove 203. A protrusion that slides in the guide groove is provided on the outside of the metal cap 206. A clamping groove is formed at the bottom of the metal cap 206. The upper end of the carbon block 204 is clamped into the clamping groove. The two ends of the spring 207 are respectively fixed to the metal cap 206 and the inner side of the accommodating groove 203. After the brush box 201 is inserted into the slot 103, the carbon block 204 inside it will abut against the outside of the rotating shaft collector ring. If the carbon block 204 is new, its length will be relatively long, so it will shrink into the accommodating groove 203 under the restriction of the rotating shaft collector ring. When shrinking, the carbon block 204 will squeeze the spring 207 through the metal cap 206. The spring 207 compresses and stores energy to provide space for the shrinkage of the carbon block 204. As the rotating shaft collector ring rotates, wear will occur between it and the carbon block 204. After the carbon block 204 wears, its length will become shorter and shorter. Whenever it becomes shorter, it will continue to push the carbon block 204 to fit against the surface of the rotating shaft collector ring under the reaction force of the spring 207, preventing poor contact between the carbon block 204 and the rotating shaft collector ring after it becomes shorter, which may lead to a decrease in the current transmission efficiency and affect the output power of the motor.

[0046] Further, the detection part 300 includes a microcomputer controller 301 and a wear degree monitoring component 302. The wear degree monitoring component 302 is electrically connected to the microcomputer controller 301 and is used to transmit the real-time monitored wear condition of the carbon block 204 to the wear degree monitoring component 302.

[0047] Further, the wear degree monitoring component 302 includes a vertical rod 302a. A connecting block 302b is fixed to the bottom of the vertical rod 302a. One side of the upper end of the vertical rod 302a is rotatably connected to a linkage rod 302c. The other end of the linkage rod 302c is rotatably connected to a measuring rod 302d. A limiting sliding sleeve 302e is sleeved outside the measuring rod 302d. A travel switch 302f is provided at one end of the measuring rod 302d. An audible and visual alarm 302g is provided on one side of the travel switch 302f.

[0048] Specifically, the length of the vertical rod 302a extending out of the accommodation groove 203 is the same as the available length of the carbon block 204. As the carbon block 204 wears, its length gradually decreases, thus driving the vertical rod 302a to move downward. During the downward movement of the vertical rod 302a, the vertical movement is converted into a horizontal thrust through the linkage rod 302c. The horizontal thrust acts on the measuring rod 302d, and the measuring rod 302d linearly slides in the limit sliding sleeve 302e. When the length of the carbon block 204 approaches the warning value, the vertical rod 302a also moves downward with the carbon block 204. How much the vertical rod 302a moves downward truly reflects how much the carbon block 204 has been consumed. When the top of the vertical rod 302a is about to be immersed in the accommodation groove 203, it means that the carbon block 204 has reached the warning value. At the same time, the linkage rod 302c changes from an inclined state to a horizontal state, that is, driving the other end of the measuring rod 302d to touch the travel switch 302f. The travel switch 302f is energized to drive the sound and light alarm 302g to work, which is convenient for the operator to discover and make replacement and maintenance in time, avoiding excessive wear of the carbon block 204, resulting in too large a spark causing slip ring ablation and carbon brush overheating, which has a serious impact on the operation of the motor, and effectively ensuring the normal operation of the equipment.

[0049] Working process: The carbon block 204 will retract into the accommodation groove 203 under the restriction of the rotating shaft collector ring. When retracting, the carbon block 204 will squeeze the spring 207 through the metal cap 206. The spring 207 compresses and stores energy to provide space for the retraction of the carbon block 204. As the rotating shaft collector ring rotates, wear will occur between it and the carbon block 204. After the carbon block 204 wears, its length will become shorter and shorter. The length of the vertical rod 302a extending out of the accommodation groove 203 is the same as the available length of the carbon block 204. As the carbon block 204 wears, its length gradually decreases, thus driving the vertical rod 302a to move downward. During the downward movement of the vertical rod 302a, the vertical movement is converted into a horizontal thrust through the linkage rod 302c. The horizontal thrust acts on the measuring rod 302d, and the measuring rod 302d linearly slides in the limit sliding sleeve 302e. When the length of the carbon block 204 approaches the warning value, the vertical rod 302a also moves downward with the carbon block 204. How much the vertical rod 302a moves downward truly reflects how much the carbon block 204 has been consumed. When the top of the vertical rod 302a is about to be immersed in the accommodation groove 203, it means that the carbon block 204 has reached the warning value.

[0050] Embodiment 2

[0051] Refer to Figure 6 , what is different from the first embodiment in this embodiment is that in the brush structure with a self-checking function in this embodiment, an optical measuring member is further provided at the end of the limit sliding sleeve 302e. The optical measuring member feeds back the wear length of the carbon block 204 by monitoring the linear moving distance of the measuring rod 302d;

[0052] Specifically, the optical measurement component includes a laser rangefinder 302h installed at one end of the measuring rod 302d and a starting curtain 302i arranged at the other end of the measuring rod 302d. The starting curtain 302i and the laser rangefinder 302h are respectively located at both ends of the measuring rod 302d. The length of the measuring rod 302d is the available length of the carbon block 204. The laser rangefinder 302h emits a light beam that directly hits the starting curtain 302i. At this time, the measured value is the available length of the carbon block 204. As the carbon block 204 is consumed, under the action of the upright rod 302a and the linkage rod 302c, the measuring rod 302d will be driven to displace. Since the starting curtain 302i is fixed, the laser rangefinder 302h moves with the measuring rod 302d. At this time, the distance between the laser rangefinder 302h and the starting curtain 302i becomes farther and farther. When the value measured by the laser rangefinder 302h is twice the original value, it indicates that the available length of the carbon block 204 is in urgent need. At the same time, the value measured by the laser rangefinder 302h will be reflected to the monitoring terminal for convenient viewing, so as to more clearly and intuitively understand the actual usage situation of the carbon block 204.

[0053] The remaining structures are the same as those in Embodiment 1.

[0054] Embodiment 3

[0055] Referring to Figures 7-8 , what is different about this embodiment from the above embodiments is that in the brush structure with a self-checking function in this embodiment, the detection part 300 further includes a current monitoring component 303, and the current monitoring component 303 is used to monitor the current flowing through the busbar 205.

[0056] The current monitoring component 303 includes a monitoring part 303a for detecting current and a mounting bracket 303b for mounting the current monitoring component 303 outside the ring 101.

[0057] Specifically, the monitoring part 303a includes a Hall sensor 303a-1 sleeved outside the busbar 205 and a wiring terminal 303a-2 embedded and installed on the outside of the mounting bracket 303b. A wire rod 303a-3 is arranged between the Hall sensor 303a-1 and the wiring terminal 303a-2. A plug-in end 303a-4 is arranged on the outside of the wiring terminal 303a-2. The Hall sensor 303a-1 is sleeved outside the busbar 205 to detect the current flowing through the busbar 205 and transmit the detection structure to the monitoring terminal, so as to conveniently obtain real-time current records. At the same time, problems can be analyzed based on the current records, which is convenient for timely maintenance, realizing real-time control of the current of all busbars 205, ensuring that the current of all busbars 205 is within the average range, and avoiding problems such as overheating of the brush due to uneven current and too small current of other brushes, which affect the normal operation of the motor;

[0058] The mounting bracket 303b includes a transverse plate 303b-1. Side plates 303b-2 are fixed to both sides of the transverse plate 303b-1. Clamping plates 303b-3 are arranged on the inner sides of the two side plates 303b-2. The space between the clamping plate 303b-3 and the side plate 303b-2 forms a fastening cavity 303b-4. And the clamping plate 303b-3 is driven by a driving member to move away from or close to the side plate 303b-2. The driving member includes a guide rod 303b-5 and a positive and negative lead screw 303b-6. The guide rod 303b-5 is connected between the two side plates 303b-2 to play a guiding role when the clamping plate 303b-3 moves. The positive and negative lead screw 303b-6 is rotatably connected between the side plates 303b-2 to drive the clamping plate 303b-3 and the positive and negative lead screw 303b-6 is driven by a knob 303b-7;

[0059] The two side plates 303b-2 are respectively attached to the outside of the ring 101 and at the positions corresponding to the slots 103. Then rotate the positive and negative lead screw 303b-6. After the positive and negative lead screw 303b-6 rotates, it will drive the two clamping plates 303b-3 to move relatively, and then clamp the ring 101 to form a fixation, playing a role in facilitating installation.

[0060] All other structures are the same as those in Embodiment 2.

[0061] Importantly, it should be noted that the configurations and arrangements of the present application shown in multiple different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who refer to this disclosure should easily understand that many modifications are possible on the premise of substantially not deviating from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application (for example, the dimensions, scales, structures, shapes and proportions of various components, and parameter values (such as temperature, pressure, etc.), installation arrangements, use of materials, color, orientation changes, etc.). For example, an element shown as integrally formed can be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of the element can be inverted or otherwise changed, and the nature, number or position of discrete elements can be changed or altered. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps can be changed or reordered according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "means-plus-function" clause is intended to cover the structures that perform the recited function in this disclosure, and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions can be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangements of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0062] In addition, in order to provide a concise description of the exemplary embodiments, all features of the actual embodiments may not be described (i.e., those features that are not relevant to the currently contemplated best mode of carrying out the present invention, or those features that are not relevant to the implementation of the present invention).

[0063] It should be understood that in the development of any actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous specific implementation decisions may be made. Such development efforts may be complex and time-consuming, but for those of ordinary skill in the art who benefit from this disclosure, without undue experimentation, such development efforts will be a routine task of design, fabrication, and production.

[0064] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A brush structure with a self-checking function, characterized in that: include: The brush holder part (100) is mounted on the outside of the rotary shaft collector ring; The carbon brush part (200) is equidistantly installed in the brush holder part (100), and the inner side is in contact with the outer wall of the shaft collector ring to achieve current transmission and conversion; The detection part (300) is arranged in the carbon brush part (200) and is used for real-time monitoring of its working state.

2. The brush structure with self-checking function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon brush part (200) comprises a brush box (201), a terminal (202) is arranged on one side of the brush box (201), and a receiving groove (203) is opened at the bottom of the brush box (201), a carbon block (204) is arranged inside the receiving groove (203), and the carbon block (204) and the terminal (202) are connected via a wire row (205).

3. The brush structure with self-checking function as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: An elastic member is arranged inside the accommodating groove (203), and the elastic member is in contact with the carbon block (204) to have a pushing effect. After being worn, the carbon block (204) is always in contact with the outer wall of the shaft collector ring by virtue of the pushing force of the elastic member.

4. The brush structure with self-checking function as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The detection part (300) includes a microcomputer controller (301) and a wear degree monitoring component (302). The wear degree monitoring component (302) is electrically connected to the microcomputer controller (301) and is used to transmit the wear condition of the carbon block (204) monitored in real time to the wear degree monitoring component (302).

5. The brush structure with self-checking function as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The wear degree monitoring component (302) comprises a vertical rod (302a), a connecting block (302b) is fixed at the bottom of the vertical rod (302a), and a linkage rod (302c) is rotatably connected to one side of the upper end of the vertical rod (302a), and a measuring rod (302d) is rotatably connected to the other end of the linkage rod (302c), and a limiting sliding sleeve (302e) is sleeved on the outside of the measuring rod (302d), and a travel switch (302f) is arranged at one end of the measuring rod (302d), and an audible and visual alarm (302g) is arranged on one side of the travel switch (302f).

6. The brush structure with self-checking function as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: An optical measuring component is also provided at the end of the limiting sliding sleeve (302e), and the optical measuring component provides feedback on the wear length of the carbon block (204) by monitoring the linear movement distance of the measuring rod (302d).

7. The brush structure with self-checking function as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The detection part (300) further comprises a current monitoring component (303), wherein the current monitoring component (303) is used to monitor the current flowing through the line bar (205).

8. The brush structure with self-checking function as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The current monitoring component (303) comprises a monitoring element (303a) for detecting current and a mounting frame (303b) for mounting the current monitoring component (303) outside the ring (101).

9. The brush structure with self-checking function as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The monitoring component (303a) comprises a Hall sensor (303a-1) sleeved on the outside of the wire row (205) and a wiring terminal (303a-2) embedded and installed on the outside of the mounting frame (303b), and a conductor rod (303a-3) is arranged between the Hall sensor (303a-1) and the wiring terminal (303a-2), and a plug-in terminal (303a-4) is arranged on the outside of the wiring terminal (303a-2).

10. The brush structure with self-checking function as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The mounting frame (303b) comprises a transverse plate (303b-1), side plates (303b-2) are fixed on both sides of the transverse plate (303b-1), clamping plates (303b-3) are arranged on the inner sides of the two side plates (303b-2), the space between the clamping plates (303b-3) and the side plates (303b-2) forms a fastening cavity (303b-4), and the clamping plates (303b-3) are driven away from or close to the side plates (303b-2) by a driving member.

Images