A mechanical locking device for the sealing cavity of a sludge filter press and its implementation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to sludge dewatering treatment equipment, and in particular to a mechanical locking device for sealing the chamber of a sludge filter press and an implementation method thereof. Two pairs of pressure plates II are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the outer side of a movable end plate, and a movable bracket is slidingly arranged in the space formed by the two pairs of pressure plates II; a pad is fixed on the horizontal side of the movable bracket; two rows of pressure plates I are fixed on both sides of the pad, and the bent edges slide in conjunction with the grooves of the inclined movable block; the cylinder body of the translation push rod device is arranged on the outer side of the movable end plate, in the middle of the movable bracket; the tightening push rod device is located below the inclined movable block. The present invention adopts the use of an inclined fixed block and an inclined movable block in combination with an auxiliary small push rod to achieve mechanical locking and fix the position of the filter plate group, so that the sludge chamber is always in a sealed state during the mud injection process and the sludge pressing process, effectively reducing the output pressure of the main hydraulic cylinder; reducing the investment cost of the hydraulic equipment; reducing the energy consumption of sludge treatment, and reducing the cost of sludge treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to sludge dewatering treatment equipment, in particular to a mechanical locking device for sealing a sludge filter press chamber and an implementation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Diaphragm plate and frame filter presses are currently widely used in the sludge treatment process of sewage treatment plants. Existing diaphragm plate and frame filter presses often use hydraulic systems to provide filter plate extrusion pressure during the sludge injection and filtration processes, thereby sealing the sludge chamber. The diaphragm plate and frame filter press is one of the main filtration components of the filter press. While squeezing water to squeeze the sludge, the main hydraulic cylinder needs to provide an extrusion pressure greater than the sum of the squeezing pressure and the sealing pressure to keep the sludge chamber sealed. This results in high hydraulic system output pressure, high investment costs, and high maintenance costs. Furthermore, the hydraulic system needs to continuously provide pressure during the sludge injection and sludge filtration processes, which consumes a lot of energy and increases sludge treatment costs.

[0003] Currently, mechanical locking devices have become a widely recognized research direction for solving the above problems.

[0004] The utility model patent with publication number CN215566987U and the invention name "A filter press cylinder with self-locking threads" provides a mechanical locking device that uses trapezoidal threads machined on the cylinder piston rod to form a self-locking effect with the trapezoidal threads and a locking nut. This locking device has high requirements for thread machining accuracy and requires the thread length to be longer than the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder during use. The long thread machining length increases the difficulty of thread machining. In actual production, it is often unable to effectively prevent loosening due to insufficient machining accuracy. This locking device has high friction resistance and requires frequent disassembly or rotation, which increases operational difficulty and wear, thereby reducing service life. Even though the trapezoidal thread has a certain degree of self-locking properties, the self-locking effect may be destroyed when subjected to excessive external force, and the connector will still loosen, limiting the operating pressure.

[0005] Patent publication number CN114735915, entitled "A Filter Press with a Mechanical Locking Device," provides a mechanical locking device for an assembled locking member. The device comprises a cylinder support frame, a pressure support member, and an assembled load-bearing plate. The pressure support member is supported on the cylinder support frame, and the assembled load-bearing plate withstands the reverse force of the filter press. This mechanical locking device is bulky, increasing the filter press frame structure, occupying a large area, and increasing investment costs. Due to space and cost constraints, this locking device is rarely used in practice. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the problems encountered in existing diaphragm plate and frame filter presses, where pressure during the sludge pressing process is provided by the main hydraulic cylinder, resulting in high investment and maintenance costs for the hydraulic system and high energy consumption, which in turn leads to high sludge treatment costs, the present invention provides a mechanical locking device for sealing the chamber of a sludge filter press and a method for implementing the device. The device utilizes an inclined fixed block and an inclined movable block in combination, assisted by a small push rod, to achieve left-right and up-and-down movement of the movable block, ensuring a good fit between the fixed and movable blocks. This mechanical locking device secures the position of the filter plate assembly, ensuring that the sludge chamber remains sealed during the sludge injection and sludge pressing processes. This mechanical locking device effectively reduces the output pressure of the hydraulic system, reducing the investment cost of the hydraulic equipment; it also significantly shortens the operating time of the main hydraulic cylinder, reducing energy consumption and costs in sludge treatment.

[0007] The technical solution of the invention is: a mechanical locking device for sealing the chamber of a sludge filter press, with the axis of the filter press as a reference, two sets of mechanical locking units are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the movable end plate, the mechanical locking unit includes an inclined fixed block, an inclined movable block, a pressure plate I, a pad, a movable bracket, a pressure plate II, a translation push rod device, and a tightening push rod device; two pairs of the pressure plates II are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the outer side of the movable end plate, the pressure plates II are L-shaped structures, and each pair of pressure plates II is symmetrical up and down; the movable bracket is U-shaped and slidably arranged in the space formed by the two pairs of pressure plates II; the pad is fixed on the horizontal side of the movable bracket; the The pressure plate I is an L-shaped structure, and several pressure plates I are respectively arranged on both sides of the pad, and the bent edges of the two rows of pressure plates I are slidably arranged in the groove I of the inclined movable block; the inclined fixed block is arranged on the crossbeam, and the position of the inclined fixed block is determined according to the sealing pressure required during mud injection. The cylinder body of the translation push rod device is arranged on the outer end surface of the movable end plate, and the telescopic rod I of the translation push rod device is arranged in the installation groove I in the middle of the bottom edge of the movable bracket; the cylinder body of the tightening push rod device is arranged on the pad and below the inclined movable block, and the telescopic rod II of the tightening push rod device is arranged in the installation groove II of the inclined movable block.

[0008] In the above technical solution, bosses are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the two symmetrical sides of the movable bracket, and a mounting groove I is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the horizontal side of the movable bracket; the inner side surfaces of the two vertical sides of the pressure plate II are respectively in sliding contact with the outer sides of the two bosses of the movable bracket.

[0009] In the above technical solution, grooves I are respectively provided on both sides of the straight side of the inclined movable block, and a mounting groove II is provided on the outer side of the middle of the bottom end of the straight side.

[0010] A method for implementing a mechanical locking device for sealing a sludge filter press chamber comprises symmetrically arranged mechanical locking devices on both sides of a movable end plate. The two sets of mechanical locking devices operate synchronously, including two stages of locking and loosening. Steps 1 to 3 are the locking stage, and steps 4 to 6 are the loosening stage. The method comprises two stages of locking and loosening, and the steps are as follows:

[0011] Step 1: Locking preparation: The main hydraulic cylinder of the filter press pushes the movable end plate to the locking position. At this time, the sludge chamber of the diaphragm plate and frame filter plate group is in a sealed state;

[0012] Step 2: Translation: The telescopic rod I of the translation push rod device is extended to push the mobile bracket outward to the specified position, and the pad, pressure plate I, inclined moving block, and tightening push rod device installed on the mobile bracket move together with the movement of the mobile bracket;

[0013] Step 3: Push up the inclined surface moving block: When the movable bracket reaches the designated position, the telescopic rod II of the pressing push rod device pushes the inclined surface moving block upward, and the inclined surface of the inclined surface moving block contacts and presses the inclined surface I of the inclined surface fixed block, and the main hydraulic cylinder of the filter press stops working;

[0014] When sludge is injected into the filter plate sludge cavity or when sludge is squeezed, the filter plate is subjected to the pressure of the mud injection or squeezing water, which causes the filter plate group to push the movable end plate outward. The inclined fixed block blocks the movable end plate from moving outward, so that the movable end plate always presses the filter plate during the mud injection and sludge squeezing processes, and the sludge cavity is always in a sealed state;

[0015] Step 4, preparation for loosening: After the mud pressing is completed, the main hydraulic cylinder of the filter press is started, and the main hydraulic cylinder pushes the movable end plate so that the movable end plate presses the filter plate and creates a gap between the inclined surface of the inclined surface moving block and the inclined surface I of the inclined surface fixed block;

[0016] Step 5: The inclined surface moving block moves downward: the telescopic rod II of the pressing push rod device retracts and drives the inclined surface moving block to move downward;

[0017] Step 6: Reset the inclined surface moving block: The telescopic rod I of the translation push rod device is retracted, and the main hydraulic cylinder of the filter press pulls the inclined surface moving block to the specified position, so that the filter plate group is loosened and the mud unloading space is met.

[0018] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the main hydraulic cylinder only needs to push the movable end plate to the specified position. At this position, the hydraulic cylinder presses the filter plate group, and the extrusion pressure on the filter plate only needs to meet the sealing cavity pressure. The sealing cavity pressure is much smaller than the pressure required by the main hydraulic cylinder to provide when squeezing water, which is greater than the sum of the sealing cavity force and the pressure of squeezing water to squeeze the filter plate. The output pressure of the main hydraulic is greatly reduced, which greatly reduces the investment cost and maintenance cost of the hydraulic system.

[0019] The hydraulic cylinder is only responsible for pushing the movable end plate to the locking position that meets the mechanical lock, and pulling the filter plate to the designated position for mud unloading after the filtration is completed. The working time is about ten minutes. The main hydraulic cylinder is used to squeeze the movable end plate to ensure the sealing of the sludge chamber during pressing. The working time is generally 1 hour to 4 hours. The working time of the main hydraulic cylinder is greatly shortened, and the hydraulic output pressure is also greatly reduced, which effectively reduces the energy consumption of the hydraulic system and reduces the cost of sludge filtration.

[0020] Since the mechanical locking device of the present invention is installed on the outside of the movable end plate, the structure is compact, and the mechanical action in the implementation method only needs to increase the action space of the filter press by a few millimeters in the length direction, and the space occupied is small. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a top view of the filter press structure when the mechanical locking device is ready to be locked;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle C part;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Cross-section in the middle AA direction;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Cross-section in the middle BB direction;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a top view of the filter press structure when the mechanical locking device is locked;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of the middle C' section;

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A'-A' direction cross section;

[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 5 Middle B'-B' direction cross section;

[0029] Figure 9 This is the main view of the pressure plate II structure;

[0030] Figure 10 This is the side view of the pressure plate II structure;

[0031] Figure 11 This is the main view of the mobile support structure;

[0032] Figure 12 It is a top view of the mobile support structure;

[0033] Figure 13This is the main view of the pad structure;

[0034] Figure 14 It is a top view of the pad structure;

[0035] Figure 15 This is the main view of the pressure plate I structure;

[0036] Figure 16 It is the top view of the structure of pressure plate I;

[0037] Figure 17 This is the main view of the inclined plane moving block structure;

[0038] Figure 18 It is a partial cross-sectional top view of the inclined plane moving block structure;

[0039] Figure 19 for Figure 17 Cross-sectional view in the middle DD direction;

[0040] Figure 20 This is the main view of the inclined fixed stop structure.

[0041] In the figure: 1. Inclined fixed block; 1-1. Inclined surface I; 2. Inclined movable block; 2-1. Inclined surface; 2-2. Groove I; 2-3. Mounting groove II; 2-4. Straight edge; 3. Pressing plate I; 3-1. Mounting edge; 3-2. Bending edge; 4. Pad; 4-1. Positioning hole I; 4-2. Positioning hole II; 5. Movable bracket 5; 5-1. Boss; 5-2. Mounting groove I; 6. Pressing plate II; 6-1. Vertical edge; 6-2. Parallel edge; 7. Translational push rod device; 7-1 Telescopic rod I; 8. Tightening push rod device; 8-1. Telescopic rod II; 9. Crossbeam; 10. Movable end plate; 11. Main hydraulic cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] like Figures 1 to 20 As shown, a mechanical locking device for sealing the chamber of a sludge filter press is provided. With the axis of the filter press as a reference, two sets of mechanical locking units are symmetrically arranged on the outer side surface of a movable end plate 10. The mechanical locking unit includes an inclined fixed block 1, an inclined movable block 2, a pressure plate I 3, a pad 4, a movable bracket 5, a pressure plate II 6, a translation push rod device 7 and a tightening push rod device 8.

[0043] A pair of L-shaped pressure plates II 6 are symmetrically fixed on one side of the outer side of the movable end plate 10. One side of the pressure plate II 6 is vertically fixed on the movable end plate 10, and the other side is parallel to the movable end plate 10. The side perpendicular to the movable end plate 10 is the vertical side 6-1, and the side parallel to the movable end plate 10 is the parallel side 6-2. Taking the axis of the filter press as the reference, another pair of pressure plates II 6 are symmetrically fixed on the other side of the outer side of the movable end plate 10.

[0044] A boss 5-1 is provided on the outer sides of the two symmetrical sides of the U-shaped mobile bracket 5, and a mounting groove I5-2 is provided in the middle of the inner side of the horizontal side of the mobile bracket 5; the mobile bracket 5 is installed in a space formed by a pair of symmetrically placed pressure plates II6, and the two bosses 5-1 are in sliding contact with the inner sides of the vertical sides 6-1 of the two pressure plates II6 respectively, and the parallel sides 6-2 of the two pressure plates II6 are respectively matched with the two bosses 5-1.

[0045] The grooves Ⅰ2-2 of the inclined moving block 2 are arranged on both sides of the straight edge 2-4 of the inclined moving block 2, and the mounting grooves Ⅱ2-3 of the inclined moving block 2 are arranged at the bottom end of the straight edge 2-4 of the inclined moving block 2; the fixed pad 4 is fixed to the outer side of the horizontal edge of the movable bracket 5 through four positioning holes Ⅰ4-1, and two rows of L-shaped pressure plates Ⅰ3 are respectively installed on both sides of the pad 4, and the mounting edges 3-1 of the pressure plates Ⅰ3 are respectively fixed on the pad 4. The pressure plates Ⅰ3 on both sides are arranged opposite to each other, and the space formed by the bent edges 3-2 of the four oppositely arranged pressure plates Ⅰ3 forms a slideway for the inclined moving block 2; the bent edges 3-2 of the pressure plate Ⅰ3 cooperate with the grooves 2-2 on both sides of the inclined moving block 2.

[0046] The main hydraulic cylinder 11 pushes the mobile end plate to squeeze the filter plate. When the squeezing filter plate pressure of the main hydraulic cylinder 11 meets the sealing pressure, the position of the mobile end plate is determined. The position of the inclined fixed block 1 is determined according to the position of the mobile end plate, and the inclined fixed block 1 is fixed on the beam 9.

[0047] The cylinder body of the translation push rod device 7 is fixed on the outer end face of the movable end plate 10, and the telescopic rod Ⅰ7-1 of the translation push rod device 7 is installed in the mounting groove Ⅰ5-2 in the middle of the bottom edge of the movable bracket 5; the cylinder body of the tightening push rod device 8 is installed on the pad 4, below the inclined moving block 2, through four positioning holes Ⅱ4-2, and the telescopic rod Ⅱ8-1 of the tightening push rod device 8 is installed in the mounting groove Ⅱ2-3 of the inclined moving block 2.

[0048] A method for implementing a mechanical locking device for sealing a sludge filter press chamber is provided. The method operates according to the following steps. Two sets of mechanical locking units operate synchronously, including two stages: locking and releasing. Steps 1 to 3 are the locking stage, and steps 4 to 6 are the releasing stage:

[0049] Step 1: Locking preparation: the main hydraulic cylinder 11 of the filter press pushes the movable end plate 10 to the position to be locked. At this time, the sludge chamber of the diaphragm plate frame filter plate group is in a sealed state.

[0050] Step 2, translation: the telescopic rod Ⅰ7-1 of the translation push rod device 7 is extended to push the mobile bracket 5 outward to the specified position, and the pad 4, pressure plate Ⅰ3, inclined surface moving block 2, and tightening push rod device 8 installed on the inclined surface of the mobile bracket 5 move together with the movement of the mobile bracket 5; the moving position of the mobile bracket 5 is controlled by the proximity switch signal.

[0051] Step three, push up the inclined movable block: when the movable bracket 5 reaches the specified position, the telescopic rod II8-1 of the pushing rod device 8 pushes the inclined movable block 2 to move upward, and the inclined surface 2-1 of the inclined movable block 2 contacts and presses the inclined surface I1-1 of the inclined fixed block 1, and the main hydraulic cylinder 11 of the filter press stops working.

[0052] When sludge is injected into the sludge cavity of the filter plate or sludge is squeezed, the filter plate is subjected to the pressure of the mud injection or the pressure of the squeezing water, which causes the filter plate group to have a tendency to push the movable end plate 10 to move outward. The inclined fixed block 1 blocks the movable end plate 10 from moving outward, so that the movable end plate always presses the filter plate during the mud injection process and the sludge squeezing process, and the sludge cavity is always in a sealed state.

[0053] Step 4, preparation for loosening: After the mud pressing is completed, the hydraulic system of the filter press is started, and the main hydraulic cylinder pushes the movable end plate so that the movable end plate presses the filter plate and creates a gap between the inclined surface 2-1 of the inclined movable block 2 and the inclined surface Ⅰ1-1 of the inclined fixed block 1.

[0054] Step 5: The inclined surface moving block moves downward: the telescopic rod II 8 - 1 of the pressing push rod device 8 retracts and drives the inclined surface moving block 2 to move downward.

[0055] Step 6: Reset the inclined moving block: The telescopic rod I7-1 of the translation push rod device 7 is retracted, and the main hydraulic cylinder 11 of the filter press pulls the mobile end plate to the specified position, so that the filter plate group is loosened and the mud unloading space is met.

Claims

1. A mechanical locking device for sealing a sludge filter press chamber, characterized in that: With the axis of the filter press as a reference, two sets of mechanical locking units are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the movable end plate (10), and the mechanical locking units include an inclined fixed block (1), an inclined movable block (2), a pressure plate I (3), a pad (4), a movable bracket (5), a pressure plate II (6), a translation push rod device (7), and a tightening push rod device (8); Two pairs of pressure plates II (6) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the outer side of the movable end plate (10), and the pressure plates II (6) are L-shaped structures, and each pair of pressure plates II (6) is symmetrical up and down; the movable bracket (5) is U-shaped structure, and is slidably arranged in the space formed by the two pairs of pressure plates II (6); the pad (4) is fixed on the horizontal side of the movable bracket (5); the pressure plate I (3) is L-shaped structure, and several pressure plates I (3) are respectively arranged on both sides of the pad (4), and the bent edges (3-2) of the two rows of pressure plates I (3) are slidably arranged in the groove I (2-2) of the inclined movable block (2); the inclined fixed The fixed stopper (1) is arranged on the crossbeam (9), and the position of the inclined fixed stopper (1) is determined according to the sealing pressure required during mud injection. The cylinder body of the translation push rod device (7) is arranged on the outer end surface of the movable end plate (10), and the telescopic rod I (7-1) of the translation push rod device (7) is arranged in the installation groove I (5-2) in the middle of the bottom edge of the movable bracket (5); the cylinder body of the tightening push rod device (8) is arranged on the pad (4) and is located below the inclined movable stopper (2), and the telescopic rod II (8-1) of the tightening push rod device (8) is arranged in the installation groove II (2-3) of the inclined movable stopper (2).

2. The mechanical locking device for sealing a sludge filter press according to claim 1, characterized in that: Bosses (5-1) are respectively provided on the outer sides of the two symmetrical sides of the movable bracket (5), and a mounting groove I (5-2) is provided in the middle of the inner side of the horizontal side of the movable bracket (5); the inner side surfaces of the vertical sides (6-1) of the two pressing plates II (6) are respectively in sliding contact with the outer sides of the two bosses (5-1) of the movable bracket (5).

3. The mechanical locking device for sealing a sludge filter press according to claim 1, characterized in that: Grooves I (2-2) are respectively provided on both sides of the straight edge (2-4) of the inclined surface moving block (2), and a mounting groove II (2-3) is provided on the outer side of the middle of the bottom end of the straight edge (2-4).

4. A method for implementing a mechanical locking device for sealing a sludge filter press chamber, characterized in that: Mechanical locking devices are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the movable end plate (10), and the two sets of mechanical locking devices work synchronously, including two stages of locking and loosening. Steps one to three are the locking stage, and steps four to six are the loosening stage: Step 1, locking preparation: the main hydraulic cylinder (11) of the filter press pushes the movable end plate (10) to the position to be locked, at which time the sludge chamber of the diaphragm plate frame filter plate group is in a sealed state; Step 2, translation: the telescopic rod I (7-1) of the translation push rod device (7) is extended to push the mobile bracket (5) outward to the specified position, and the pad (4), pressure plate I (3), inclined moving block (2), and tightening push rod device (8) installed on the mobile bracket (5) move together with the movement of the mobile bracket (5); Step 3: Pushing up the inclined movable block: When the movable bracket (5) reaches the designated position, the telescopic rod II (8-1) of the pressing push rod device (8) pushes the inclined movable block (2) upward, and the inclined surface (2-1) of the inclined movable block (2) contacts and presses the inclined surface I (1-1) of the inclined fixed block (1), and the main hydraulic cylinder (11) of the filter press stops working; When sludge is injected into the filter plate sludge cavity or when sludge is squeezed, the filter plate is subjected to the pressure of the sludge injection or the pressure of the squeezing water, causing the filter plate group to have a tendency to push the movable end plate (10) outward, and the inclined fixed block (1) blocks the movable end plate (10) from moving outward, so that the movable end plate always presses the filter plate during the sludge injection process and the sludge squeezing process, and the sludge cavity is always in a sealed state; Step 4, preparation for loosening: After the mud pressing is completed, the main hydraulic cylinder (11) of the filter press is started, and the main hydraulic cylinder (11) pushes the movable end plate so that the movable end plate presses the filter plate and a gap is generated between the inclined surface (2-1) of the inclined surface movable stopper (2) and the inclined surface I (1-1) of the inclined surface fixed stopper (1); Step 5, the inclined surface moving block moves downward: the telescopic rod II (8-1) of the push rod device (8) is retracted, and drives the inclined surface moving block (2) to move downward; Step 6: Reset the inclined movable block: The telescopic rod I (7-1) of the translation push rod device (7) is retracted, and the main hydraulic cylinder (11) of the filter press pulls the movable end plate to the specified position, so that the filter plate group is loosened and the mud unloading space is met.

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