Design method, formula and preparation of cardanol polyether coal slime flotation microemulsion collecting agent

Abstract

The invention discloses a design method, a formula and preparation of a cardanol polyether coal slime flotation microemulsion collecting agent, and belongs to the technical field of coal slime flotation. The design method comprises the following steps: s1, screening a cosurfactant cooperating with an anacardol polyether surfactant through mesoscopic simulation; s2, exploring the mass ratio of the surfactant to the cosurfactant through mesoscopic simulation and an experimental method; s3, exploring the concentration of a mixed solution SAS of the surfactant and the cosurfactant through mesoscopic simulation; and s4, exploring the content of hydrocarbon oil and water through experiments. According to the method, computer simulation is applied to micro-emulsion collecting agent formula research, micro-emulsion collecting agent research methods are enriched, a micro-emulsion collecting agent cosurfactant is preliminarily selected through mesoscopic simulation, the screening work of formula raw materials is reduced, and the research time of a micro-emulsion collecting agent formula is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal slime flotation, and in particular to a design method, a formula and a preparation method of a cardanol polyether coal slime flotation microemulsion collector. Background Art

[0002] Coal washing and by-product utilization are the basis for promoting efficient and clean utilization of coal. Coal slime is an inevitable by-product in the process of coal washing, generally accounting for 10%-30% of the raw coal. With the continuous improvement of the degree of coal mining mechanization and the widespread application of heavy medium coal preparation, the content of primary and secondary fine coal slimes has increased year by year. Coal slime sorting and quality improvement is an effective way to achieve efficient utilization of coal slime, and flotation is the most common and effective method for coal slime sorting. At present, the collectors used in coal slime flotation are mostly non-polar hydrocarbon oils such as kerosene and diesel. This type of collector has strong hydrophobicity and poor dispersibility. It is very easy to aggregate into large "oil clusters" and float on the surface of the slurry, reducing the probability of hydrocarbon oil collectors adhering to the surface of coal particles, resulting in low sorting efficiency and large amount of collectors during coal slime flotation, which seriously restricts the development and utilization of coal slime resources.

[0003] In order to solve the problem of poor dispersibility of conventional non-polar hydrocarbon oil collectors during coal slime flotation, domestic and foreign experts and scholars have proposed adding surfactants and co-surfactants to conventional hydrocarbon oil collectors to prepare microemulsion collectors to improve the dispersibility of non-polar hydrocarbon oils, thereby improving the flotation efficiency of coal slime. Microemulsion collectors are a thermodynamically stable system spontaneously formed by surfactants, co-surfactants, oil and water. They have the advantages of easy preparation, good stability, small and uniform particle size, etc. A large number of studies have shown that microemulsion collectors have the collection, selectivity and foaming properties required for coal slime flotation, and have excellent flotation effects.

[0004] China Patent Publication No. CN106799310A discloses a low-rank coal slime flotation collector, comprising hydrocarbon oil and promoter, which are compounded by mass percentage, wherein the hydrocarbon oil is: 60-75% of C10-C16 hydrocarbon oil; the promoter is: 8-15% of C6-C8 acid, 4-8% of C10-C18 ester, 6-12% of C5-C7 ketone and 7-13% of C5-C9 aldehyde. The collector prepared by the method reduces the flotation cost of the reagent dosage and has good economic benefits, but the collector prepared by the method has many components, many organic refractory components pollute the ecological environment and the preparation method is cumbersome.

[0005] Chinese patent publication number CN109046791A discloses an ionic liquid microemulsion collector, which is prepared by mixing 10% to 30% hydrocarbon oil, 5% to 20% surfactant, 3% to 10% co-surfactant, and the remainder water, wherein the percentages are by mass. The ionic liquid microemulsion collector prepared by the method is expensive and is not suitable for industrial production.

[0006] In addition, the development of the above collector formula requires a lot of experiments and time. At present, scientific researchers use experimental research methods when studying collectors, which not only has the disadvantages of large workload, long time and cumbersomeness, but also has the disadvantage of only being able to conduct research on the basis of successfully prepared surfactants and co-surfactants, which limits the research and development and application of coal slime flotation microemulsion collectors.

[0007] Cardanol polyether surfactants are green and environmentally friendly surfactants synthesized from cardanol through organic reactions. They have the advantages of excellent biodegradability, renewability, and easy access to raw materials. Cardanol polyether surfactants have high surface activity and emulsification properties. Using them as core emulsifiers, environmentally friendly and efficient cardanol polyether microemulsion collectors are prepared through microemulsion technology, which conforms to the trend of green environmental protection and the development direction of clean, safe and efficient utilization of coal.

[0008] In view of this, it is necessary to improve the existing technology. Summary of the invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is to provide a design method for a cardanol polyether coal slime flotation microemulsion collector, aiming to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. To achieve the above-mentioned object, the technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0010] A design method for a cardanol polyether coal slime flotation microemulsion collector, the design method comprising the following steps:

[0011] s1. Screening of co-surfactants for synergistic cardanol polyether surfactants through mesoscopic simulation;

[0012] s2. Explore the mass ratio of surfactant to co-surfactant through mesoscopic simulation and experimental methods;

[0013] s3. Explore the concentration of SAS in the mixture of surfactant and co-surfactant through mesoscopic simulation;

[0014] s4. Explore the content of hydrocarbon oil and water through experiments.

[0015] Preferably, the mesoscopic simulations in step s1, step s2 and step s3 are any one of a dissipative particle dynamics simulation method and a coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation method.

[0016] Preferably, the experimental method in step s2 is any one of the pseudo-ternary phase diagram method, the Schulman titration method and the HLB method.

[0017] The present invention also proposes a cardanol polyether coal slime flotation microemulsion collector formula, which is obtained based on the above-mentioned design method and is specifically:

[0018] The mass ratio Km of the surfactant cardanol polyoxyethylene ether and the co-surfactant short-chain alcohol is 1.2, the SAS concentration of the mixed solution of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether and short-chain alcohol is 20%-50%, the water content is 25%-40%, and the balance is hydrocarbon oil, and the percentages are all mass percentages.

[0019] Preferably, the surfactant cardanol polyoxyethylene ether can be selected from any one of different hydrophilic group lengths (CPE-8, CPE-9, CPE-10, CPE-12, CPE-15).

[0020] Preferably, the co-surfactant short-chain alcohol is any one of n-butanol, n-pentanol, n-hexanol and n-heptanol.

[0021] Preferably, the hydrocarbon oil is any one of C10-C15 alkanes.

[0022] The present invention also proposes a method for preparing a cardanol polyether coal slime flotation microemulsion collector, which is used to prepare the microemulsion collector as described above. The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0023] a1. The surfactant cardanol polyoxyethylene ether and the co-surfactant short-chain alcohol are mixed, specifically, stirred at 500-600 rpm for 5-10 minutes, and then ultrasonicated in a water bath at 25-35 ℃ for 3-5 minutes to form a mixed solution;

[0024] a2. At 15-30 ℃, first add the mixture in step a1, then add hydrocarbon oil at 700-800rpm and stir for 5-10 minutes;

[0025] a3. Add water at 22-30°C and 500-600 rpm while stirring.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) Computer simulation was applied to the research on microemulsion collector formulations, which enriched the research methods of microemulsion collectors. Mesoscopic simulation was used to make a preliminary selection of microemulsion collector co-surfactants, which reduced the screening of formulation raw materials. Mesoscopic simulation was used to make a preliminary exploration of the composition ratio of microemulsion collectors, which shortened the research time of microemulsion collector formulations.

[0028] (2) The microemulsion collector formula can effectively adsorb on the surface of coal particles, enhance hydrophobicity, and improve the recovery rate during flotation; improve the utilization rate of the collector and reduce the dosage of the agent; the adjustable formula makes it more applicable in the flotation of coal slimes of different properties; the dosage is low and environmentally friendly raw materials are used, which reduces pollution to the environment and meets environmental protection requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the implementation mode will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation modes of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 is the radial distribution g(r) of CPE-AS in the n-dodecane / water / CPE / alcohol system of Example 1.

[0031] Figure 2 It is the radial distance when g(r) is maximum in the n-dodecane / water / CPE / alcohol system of Example 1.

[0032] Figure 3 This is the concentration distribution of n-dodecane, water, CPE polar group, CPE non-polar group and alcohol in the n-dodecane / water / CPE-12 / n-pentanol system of Example 1.

[0033] Figure 4 is the thickness of the interface layer of the n-dodecane / water / CPE-12 / n-pentanol system at different Km values ​​in Example 1.

[0034] Figure 5 This is the single-phase microemulsion region at different Km values ​​in Example 1.

[0035] Figure 6 This is the distribution state of SAS at different concentrations in Example 1 at the n-dodecane / water interface.

[0036] Figure 7 is the thickness of the oil-water interface layer at different SAS concentrations in Example 1.

[0037] Figure 8 The particle size distribution of the microemulsion collector at different water percentages in Example 1 is shown in FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a method for designing a cardanol polyether coal slime flotation microemulsion collector, the method comprising the following steps:

[0041] s1. Screening of co-surfactants that synergize with cardanol polyether surfactants through mesoscopic simulation.

[0042] The mesoscopic simulation in step s1 is any one of a dissipative particle dynamics simulation method and a coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation method. In this embodiment, the dissipative particle dynamics simulation method is preferably used.

[0043] The co-surfactant can change the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of the surfactant, specifically, it can reduce the polarity of water and increase the polarity of oil, play a regulatory role in the microemulsion collector, and further affect the phase state and phase properties of the system. The co-surfactant of this embodiment is mainly short-chain alcohol (AS), specifically, it is preferably selected from n-ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, n-pentanol, n-hexanol, n-heptanol, n-octanol and n-nonanol.

[0044] Based on cardanol polyoxyethylene ether CPE (CPE-8, CPE-12 and CPE-16) with different hydrophilic group lengths, short-chain alcohols (n-ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, n-pentanol, n-hexanol, n-heptanol, n-octanol, n-nonanol), hydrocarbon oil (n-dodecane is preferably used in this embodiment) and water, a n-dodecane / water / CPE / alcohol system is constructed. Through dissipative particle dynamics simulation calculation, the radial distribution function g(r) between the surfactant CPE and the co-surfactant AS in the extraction system is extracted, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 Based on, calculate the radial distance r when the radial distribution function is maximum, as Figure 2 As shown, from Figure 2 It can be seen that when the radial distribution function value of CPE-AS in the simulation system is the largest, the radial distance between n-pentanol and CPE is the smallest, indicating that n-pentanol is more likely to appear near CPE and has the best synergistic effect with it.

[0045] Furthermore, by comparing CPE-8, CPE-12, and CPE-16, it can be found that the r value of CPE-12 and n-pentanol is the smallest, indicating that CPE-12 and n-pentanol have the best synergistic effect.

[0046] s2. Explore the mass ratio of surfactant to co-surfactant through mesoscopic simulation and experimental methods.

[0047] The mesoscopic simulation in step s2 is any one of the dissipative particle dynamics simulation method and the coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation method. The present embodiment preferably adopts the dissipative particle dynamics simulation method. The experimental method in step s2 is any one of the pseudo-ternary phase diagram method, the Schulman titration method and the HLB method. The present embodiment preferably adopts the pseudo-ternary phase diagram method.

[0048] Based on CPE-12, n-pentanol, n-dodecane and water, n-dodecane / water / CPE-12 / n-pentanol systems were constructed under different mass ratios (Km values) of surfactant (CPE-12) and co-surfactant (n-pentanol). The relative concentration distributions of n-dodecane, water, CPE polar groups, CPE non-polar groups and n-pentanol in the extraction system were calculated by dissipative particle dynamics simulation. Figure 3 As shown, black represents n-dodecane, red represents water, pink represents the polar group of CPE, dark blue represents the non-polar group of CPE, and dark yellow represents alcohol. Based on this, the thickness of the oil-water interface layer in the simulation system is calculated, as shown in Figure 4 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that in the simulation system, the thickness of the n-dodecane / water interface layer first increases and then decreases with the increase of the Km value. When the Km value is 1.25, the thickness of the interface layer is the largest. Therefore, the Km value is selected to be around 1.25.

[0049] Furthermore, based on CPE-12, n-pentanol, n-dodecane and water, the effect of Km value on the formation of single-phase microemulsion region of microemulsion collector was studied by pseudo-ternary phase diagram method. When Km value was 1.0, 1.2 and 1.4, the pseudo-ternary phase diagram of microemulsion collector was as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the gray part is the single-phase microemulsion area. Taking the area of ​​the entire pseudo-ternary phase diagram as 100%, the area ratio of the single-phase microemulsion area in the pseudo-ternary phase diagram was calculated. When the Km value was 1.0, 1.2 and 1.4, the area ratio of the single-phase microemulsion area was 42.59%, 46.61% and 44.71% respectively. When the Km value was 1.2, the single-phase microemulsion area formed had the largest proportion, indicating that the ratio range of CPE-12, n-pentanol, n-dodecane and water to form a microemulsion collector is large, which is conducive to the preparation of the microemulsion collector. Therefore, 1.2 was determined as the Km value for preparing the microemulsion collector.

[0050] s3. Explore the concentration of SAS in the surfactant and co-surfactant mixture through mesoscopic simulation.

[0051] The mesoscopic simulation in step s3 is any one of a dissipative particle dynamics simulation method and a coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation method. In this embodiment, the dissipative particle dynamics simulation method is preferably used.

[0052] Based on CPE-12, n-pentanol, n-dodecane and water, under the condition of Km value of 1.2, n-dodecane / water / CPE-12 / n-pentanol system with different concentrations (mass percentage of SAS in microemulsion collector) of CPE-12 and n-pentanol mixture (SAS) was constructed, and dissipative particle dynamics simulation calculation was carried out. The adsorption arrangement and distribution of SAS at the n-dodecane / water interface were as follows: Figure 6As shown, the red beads represent the polar groups of CPE, the green beads represent the non-polar groups of CPE, and the pink beads represent n-pentanol. The thickness of the oil-water interface layer in the simulated system is calculated according to the relative concentration distribution of n-dodecane, water, CPE polar groups, CPE non-polar groups and n-pentanol in the system, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, from Figure 7 It can be seen that within a certain concentration range, the thickness of the interface layer increases with the increase of SAS concentration. Figure 6 Analysis shows that when the SAS concentration is lower than 20%, the number of CPE molecules on the n-dodecane / water interface is small, CPE is tilted at the n-dodecane / water interface, and is irregularly arranged and loosely distributed ( Figure 6 In (a)-(b)), the interfacial layer formed is thin and the interfacial film strength is weak, so it is impossible to form a microemulsion collector. As the SAS concentration increases (20%-45%), the number of CPE molecules increases, and they gradually change from "tilted" to "upright" on the n-dodecane / water interface, and the arrangement becomes orderly ( Figure 6 (c)-(h)), at this time, the distance between the polar and non-polar groups of CPE increases, and the thickness of the interface layer also increases significantly. When the SAS concentration is 50%, the n-dodecane / water interface begins to bend ( Figure 6 In (i), too much CPE begins to aggregate to form micelles, which is not conducive to the formation of microemulsion collectors. In summary, the SAS concentration range for preparing microemulsion collectors should be between 20% and 50%.

[0053] s4. Explore the content of hydrocarbon oil and water through experiments.

[0054] When the Km value is 1.2, the water content is first set, and the remaining SAS and hydrocarbon oil are divided according to multiple ratios. In this embodiment, preferably SAS: hydrocarbon oil = 5:5; SAS: hydrocarbon oil = 5.5:4.5; SAS: hydrocarbon oil = 6:4; SAS: hydrocarbon oil = 6.5:3.5; SAS: hydrocarbon oil = 7:3, and the SAS concentration range under each ratio should be between 20% and 50%. If the SAS concentration range is not met, the water content needs to be readjusted.

[0055] According to the above rules, the particle size distribution of the microemulsion collector at different water percentages is constructed, such as Figure 8 As shown, when the percentage of water is greater than 20%, the particle size of the microemulsion collector tends to be stable, about 30nm. In order to ensure the stability and uniformity of the microemulsion collector, the ratio when the particle size is uniform and stable should be selected. Therefore, a water content greater than 20% is selected to prepare the microemulsion collector.

[0056] The formula of the microemulsion collector is obtained through the above steps s1-s4: the Km value is 1.2, the SAS concentration is 20%-50%, the water content is 25%-40%, and the balance is hydrocarbon oil, and the percentages are all mass percentages.

[0057] Mesoscopic simulation is a simulation calculation of a larger system based on the consideration of the microstructure and interface effects of the complex, which is between the microscale and the macroscale. Mesoscopic simulation can reflect the dynamics of complex fluid systems at the mesoscopic level, carefully observe the changes in the structure of the simulated system over time, simulate interface characteristics and structural characteristics, and is widely used in the study of interface interactions, complex medium flow, and the self-assembly process of surfactants.

[0058] In this embodiment, the mesoscopic simulation technology is innovatively used to accurately and efficiently design the principle formula of the microemulsion collector from the molecular level, deeply study the synergistic mechanism of cardanol polyether surfactants and co-surfactants, and clarify the phase behavior, microstructure and phase transition process of the microemulsion collector, which is conducive to the accurate, efficient and low-cost research and development of the microemulsion collector.

[0059] Embodiment 2

[0060] A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a cardanol polyether coal slime flotation microemulsion collector formula, which is obtained based on the research method of the above-mentioned embodiment 1, specifically: the mass ratio of surfactant cardanol polyoxyethylene ether to co-surfactant short-chain alcohol Km=1.2, the SAS concentration of the mixed solution of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether and short-chain alcohol is 20%-50%, the water content is 25%-40%, and the balance is hydrocarbon oil, and the percentages are all mass percentages.

[0061] Among them, the surfactant cardanol polyoxyethylene ether can select any one of different hydrophilic group lengths (CPE-8, CPE-9, CPE-10, CPE-12, CPE-15), and CPE-12 is preferably used in this embodiment.

[0062] The short-chain alcohol as the co-surfactant is any one of n-butanol, n-pentanol, n-hexanol and n-heptanol, and n-pentanol is preferably used in this embodiment.

[0063] The hydrocarbon oil is any one of C10-C15 alkanes, and n-dodecane is used in this embodiment.

[0064] The flotation microemulsion collector formulation of this embodiment is further explained by experiments:

[0065] Experiment 1:

[0066] The coal slime used in the experiment is non-sticky coal with an ash content of 33.11%. The yield of the sample with a particle size less than 0.074 mm is 76.77%, and the ash content is 38.56%; the yield of the sample with a particle size less than 0.045 mm is 56.48%, and the ash content is 40.84%. The coal slime has serious muddling phenomenon and the particle size is generally fine.

[0067] Using n-dodecane as collector and 2-octanol as frother to float the non-sticky coal slime, when the n-dodecane dosage is 12.00 kg / t and the 2-octanol dosage is 0.40 kg / t, the coal slime flotation achieves the best effect, and the clean coal yield is 65.02% and the ash content is 8.69%.

[0068] When the microemulsion collector formula in this embodiment is used as the collector and the dosage is 5.00 kg / t, the coal slime flotation achieves the best effect, and the clean coal yield is 68.93% and the ash content is 8.78%.

[0069] By comparing the flotation effects of the two agents, it can be found that when the ash content of the flotation clean coal is similar, the clean coal yield of the microemulsion collector flotation in this embodiment is 3.91 percentage points higher than the yield when n-dodecane is used as the collector. At this time, the dosage of the microemulsion collector is 41.67% of the dosage of n-dodecane, and there is no need to add a frother.

[0070] Experiment 2:

[0071] The coal slime used in the experiment was long flame coal with an ash content of 29.90%. The yield of the sample with a particle size less than 0.074 mm was 63.82%, and the ash content was 36.51%. The yield of the sample with a particle size less than 0.045 mm was 55.79%, and the ash content was 39.42%. The coal slime had serious muddling phenomenon and the particle size was generally fine.

[0072] Using n-dodecane as collector and 2-octanol as frother to float the long flame coal slime, when the n-dodecane dosage is 22.00 kg / t and the 2-octanol dosage is 0.60 kg / t, the slime flotation achieves the best effect. At this time, the clean coal yield is 61.32% and the ash content is 12.52%.

[0073] When the microemulsion collector formula in this embodiment is used as the collector and the dosage is 4.00 kg / t, the coal slime flotation achieves the best effect, and the clean coal yield is 62.74% and the ash content is 12.93%.

[0074] By comparing the flotation effects of the two agents, it can be found that when the ash content of the flotation clean coal is similar, the clean coal yield of the microemulsion collector flotation in this embodiment is 1.42 percentage points higher than the yield when n-dodecane is used as the collector. At this time, the dosage of the microemulsion collector is 18.18% of the dosage of n-dodecane, and there is no need to add a frother.

[0075] Embodiment 3

[0076] A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing a cardanol polyether coal slime flotation microemulsion collector, which is used to prepare the formula described in Example 2, and specifically comprises the following steps:

[0077] a1. The surfactant cardanol polyoxyethylene ether and the co-surfactant short-chain alcohol are mixed, specifically, stirred at 500-600 rpm for 5-10 minutes, and then ultrasonicated in a water bath at 25-35 ℃ for 3-5 minutes to form a mixed solution;

[0078] a2. At 15-30 ℃, first add the mixture in step a1, then add hydrocarbon oil at 700-800rpm and stir for 5-10 minutes;

[0079] a3. Add water at 22-30°C and 500-600 rpm while stirring.

[0080] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A design method for a cardanol polyether coal slime flotation microemulsion collector, characterized in that: The design method includes the following steps: s1. Screening of co-surfactants for synergistic cardanol polyether surfactants through mesoscopic simulation; s2. Explore the mass ratio of surfactant to co-surfactant through mesoscopic simulation and experimental methods; s3. Explore the concentration of SAS in the mixture of surfactant and co-surfactant through mesoscopic simulation; s4. Explore the content of hydrocarbon oil and water through experiments.

2. The method for designing a cardanol polyether coal slime flotation microemulsion collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mesoscopic simulations in step s1, step s2 and step s3 are any one of the dissipative particle dynamics simulation method and the coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation method.

3. The method for designing a cardanol polyether coal slime flotation microemulsion collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The experimental method in step s2 is any one of the pseudo-ternary phase diagram method, the Schulman titration method and the HLB method.

4. A cardanol polyether coal slime flotation microemulsion collector formulation, characterized in that: The formula is obtained based on any one of the design methods in claims 1-3, specifically: The mass ratio Km of the surfactant cardanol polyoxyethylene ether and the co-surfactant short-chain alcohol is 1.2, the SAS concentration of the mixed solution of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether and short-chain alcohol is 20%-50%, the water content is 25%-40%, and the balance is hydrocarbon oil, and the percentages are all mass percentages.

5. A cardanol polyether coal slime flotation microemulsion collector formulation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The surfactant cardanol polyoxyethylene ether can be selected from any one of different hydrophilic group lengths (CPE-8, CPE-9, CPE-10, CPE-12, CPE-15).

6. A cardanol polyether coal slime flotation microemulsion collector formulation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The short-chain alcohol co-surfactant is any one of n-butanol, n-pentanol, n-hexanol and n-heptanol.

7. The cardanol polyether coal slime flotation microemulsion collector formulation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydrocarbon oil is any one of C10-C15 alkanes.

8. A method for preparing a cardanol polyether coal slime flotation microemulsion collector, characterized in that: Used to prepare a microemulsion collector as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the preparation method comprises the following steps: a1. The surfactant cardanol polyoxyethylene ether and the co-surfactant short-chain alcohol are mixed, specifically, stirred at 500-600 rpm for 5-10 minutes, and then ultrasonicated in a water bath at 25-35 ℃ for 3-5 minutes to form a mixed solution; a2. At 15-30 ℃, first add the mixture in step a1, then add hydrocarbon oil at 700-800rpm and stir for 5-10 minutes; a3. Add water at 22-30°C and 500-600 rpm while stirring.

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