Vacuum powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle

Abstract

The invention discloses a vacuum powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle, relates to the technical field of supersonic nozzles, and provides the technical scheme of the vacuum powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle which is characterized in that the vacuum powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle comprises a cavity base, and a gas inlet is formed in the cavity base; a gas sieve hole flange is concentrically installed on the cavity base, a powder inlet is formed in the gas sieve hole flange, a main cavity is installed on the gas sieve hole flange, a flange piece tip is arranged at the end of the gas sieve hole flange, and fan-shaped nozzles are symmetrically installed at the end of the main cavity. Powder enters from the powder inlet and intersects with gas at the pointed end of the flange piece to be mixed, finally, the powder is sprayed out of the fan-shaped nozzle at a high speed to achieve spraying, the input high-pressure gas flows evenly and stably in a special structure in a gun base cavity and can be evenly mixed with the powder, and the spraying quality can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of supersonic nozzles, in particular to a vacuum powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle. Background Art

[0002] A cold spraying device based on aerosol deposition process in a vacuum is used. In this process, ultrafine ceramic powder particles are evenly mixed with gas in a vacuum environment, accelerated to supersonic speed, and collide with the substrate with a certain kinetic energy to generate impact load and form a solidified bond.

[0003] The spray guns currently on the market cannot meet the needs of aerosol deposition in a vacuum environment: 1. There is no structure to stably and evenly mix the gas and aerosol to accelerate the movement;

[0004] 2. In a vacuum environment, there is no cooling module;

[0005] 3. There is no replaceable and multifunctional supersonic acceleration nozzle function design. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: the vacuum powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle comprises a cavity base, a gas channel is provided inside the cavity base, two gas inlets are symmetrically provided on the cavity base, gas inlet joints are installed on the two gas inlets, a gas sieve hole flange is concentrically installed on the cavity base, a powder channel is provided inside the gas sieve hole flange, the powder channel passes through the gas sieve hole flange, the end of the powder channel is a powder inlet, a powder inlet joint is installed on the powder inlet, a gap between the gas sieve hole flange and the cavity base is a gas channel, a main cavity is installed on the gas sieve hole flange, a gas through hole is provided on the gas sieve hole flange, the end of the gas sieve hole flange is a flange tip, a mixture channel is provided inside the main cavity, and two fan-shaped nozzles are symmetrically installed on the end of the main cavity.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the two fan-shaped nozzles form a cylinder, the center of the cylinder is an injection channel, the injection channel runs through the fan-shaped nozzle, and one end of the circular injection channel close to the gas sieve flange forms a conical channel.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, an air pressure detection port is provided on the cavity base, the air pressure detection port is connected to the gas channel, and an air pressure detection connector is installed on the air pressure detection port.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, a partition is integrally formed in the middle of the cavity base, and four slow flow holes are evenly opened on the partition. The partition divides the gas channel into a first chamber and a second chamber, and the gas inlet is communicated with the first chamber, and the air pressure detection port is communicated with the second chamber. After the gas enters the first chamber from the gas inlet, the air pressure in the first chamber is unstable due to the continuous input of gas. After the gas flows into the second chamber through the slow flow holes, a relatively stable airflow is formed in the second chamber through the slow flow of the slow flow holes and the action of the annular chamber, and the air is continuously transported and mixed with the powder. Through the air pressure detection port, the air pressure in the cavity can be detected in real time, and the amount of input gas can be adjusted to ensure that the air pressure in the cavity reaches an appropriate level and the working efficiency of the nozzle is guaranteed.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, a sealing assembly is provided on the cavity base and the main cavity, and the sealing assembly includes a first sealing cover and a second sealing cover;

[0012] A first sealing cover plate is installed on the side of the cavity base close to the powder inlet, and a second sealing cover plate is installed on the side of the main cavity close to the fan-shaped nozzle. By respectively installing the first sealing cover plate and the second sealing cover plate at both ends of the nozzle, a relatively closed working environment is provided inside the nozzle to ensure that the operation of the nozzle is not affected by the external environment. The nozzle can be processed in a vacuum environment, thereby realizing diversified usage scenarios of the nozzle.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the heat dissipation assembly further includes a first sealing ring, a second sealing ring, a third sealing ring, a fourth sealing ring, a fifth sealing ring, a sixth sealing ring, a seventh sealing ring and an eighth sealing ring;

[0014] A first sealing ring and a second sealing ring are installed at the connection between the first sealing cover plate and the cavity base, a third sealing ring and a fourth sealing ring are installed at the connection between the gas sieve hole flange and the cavity base, a fifth sealing ring is installed at the connection between the gas sieve hole flange and the main cavity, a sixth sealing ring is installed at the connection between the fan-shaped nozzle and the main cavity, a bottom gas sealing ring and an eighth sealing ring are installed at the connection between the fan-shaped nozzle and the second sealing cover plate, and corresponding sealing rings are arranged at the connection of each component, which can prevent the leakage of gas, powder and gas-powder mixture, reduce pollution and waste of raw materials, save energy and reduce emissions, and ensure stable working air pressure inside the nozzle, ensure that the gas-powder mixture can be sprayed out at a required high speed, complete spraying, and ensure work quality.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, a heat dissipation component is provided on the main cavity, and the heat dissipation component includes a heat dissipation plate, a heat dissipation interlayer, a mounting hole, a heat dissipation joint and a heat dissipation hole;

[0016] Two heat sinks are symmetrically installed on the main cavity, and the gap between the heat sink and the main cavity is a heat dissipation interlayer. Mounting holes are provided on the two heat sinks, and heat dissipation joints are installed on the mounting holes. Heat dissipation holes are provided on the main cavity, and the heat dissipation holes connect the two heat dissipation interlayers, and the heat dissipation holes are not connected to the mixture channel. The gas-powder mixture flows through the mixture channel at an extremely high speed and is sprayed from the fan-shaped nozzle. The high-speed flow of the mixture in the mixture channel will generate a large amount of heat energy, which will increase the temperature of the mixture channel and the main cavity. If working under vacuum conditions, the generated heat is more difficult to dissipate. At this time, a cooling medium can be input into the heat dissipation interlayer through the heat dissipation joint, and the cooling medium will take away the heat through the heat dissipation holes and flow out from the other end of the heat dissipation holes to achieve the cooling effect on the mixture channel of the main cavity, which can maintain the properties of the gas-powder mixture, thereby ensuring the spraying quality and the working efficiency of the nozzle.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, the heat dissipation assembly further includes a heat dissipation plate sealing ring, and a heat dissipation plate sealing ring is installed at the connection between the heat dissipation plate and the main cavity.

[0018] As an optimal technical solution, the vacuum powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle also includes a cylindrical nozzle, which has the same outer dimensions as the cylindrical body formed by the two fan-shaped nozzles, and the spray outlet of the fan-shaped nozzle is flared. The spray outlet of the cylindrical nozzle is cylindrical, and the gas-powder mixture is finally sprayed out from the mixture channel through the fan-shaped nozzle. The spray outlet of the fan-shaped nozzle is designed to be flared, which can form a uniform fan-shaped spraying. At the same time, the two fan-shaped nozzles are molded together to form a complete nozzle, and the flat ultrasonic acceleration nozzle is molded together for easy processing and manufacturing. The cylindrical nozzle has the same outer dimensions as the cylindrical body formed by the two fan-shaped nozzles, but the shape of the spray outlet is different, which can provide different spraying shapes to meet different processing requirements, improve the compatibility of the vacuum powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle, and facilitate production replacement.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The symmetrical high-pressure gas inlet and annular gas channel at the nozzle base allow the input gas to be stably and evenly input into the spray gun and mixed with the powder to improve the spraying quality.

[0021] 2. The conical annular gas mixing structure allows the input gas to intersect with the aerosol, mix evenly, and accelerate the flow to achieve the effect of supersonic spraying.

[0022] 3. A heat dissipation component is set outside the main cavity, with holes opened on the outer wall and a cover plate attached for air cooling or liquid cooling to meet the heat dissipation requirements in a vacuum.

[0023] 4. The flat ultrasonic acceleration nozzle is easy to process and manufacture, forming a uniform fan-shaped spray. At the same time, nozzles of different specifications can be replaced to meet different processing requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the main viewing angle of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of an exploded view of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first section of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a second section of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a third section of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the material flow structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the comparative structure of the fan-shaped nozzle and the columnar nozzle of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1, chamber base; 2, gas channel; 3, gas inlet; 4, air pressure detection port; 5, gas sieve flange; 6, powder inlet; 7, powder channel; 8, flange tip; 9, main chamber; 10, mixture channel; 11, fan-shaped nozzle; 12, injection channel; 13, gas inlet joint; 14, powder inlet joint; 15, air pressure detection joint; 16, partition; 17, gas through hole; 18, first chamber; 19, second chamber;

[0032] 20. Sealing assembly; 2001. First sealing cover plate; 2002. Second sealing cover plate; 2003. First sealing ring; 2004. Second sealing ring; 2005. Third sealing ring; 2006. Fourth sealing ring; 2007. Fifth sealing ring; 2008. Sixth sealing ring; 2009. Seventh sealing ring; 2010. Eighth sealing ring; 2011. Heat sink sealing ring;

[0033] 21. heat dissipation assembly; 2101. heat dissipation plate; 2102. heat dissipation interlayer; 2103. mounting hole; 2104. heat dissipation joint; 2105. heat dissipation hole;

[0034] 22. Cylindrical nozzle; 23. Conical channel; 24. Slow flow hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Example: Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, the present invention provides a vacuum powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle technical solution, characterized in that: the vacuum powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle comprises a cavity base 1, a gas channel 2 is provided inside the cavity base 1, two gas inlets 3 are symmetrically provided on the cavity base 1, and a gas inlet joint 13 is installed on the two gas inlets 3, a gas sieve hole flange 5 is concentrically installed on the cavity base 1, a powder channel 7 is provided inside the gas sieve hole flange 5, the powder channel 7 passes through the gas sieve hole flange 5, the end of the powder channel 7 is a powder inlet 6, a powder inlet joint 14 is installed on the powder inlet 6, the gap between the gas sieve hole flange 5 and the cavity base 1 is the gas channel 2, a main cavity 9 is installed on the gas sieve hole flange 5, a gas through hole 17 is provided on the gas sieve hole flange 5, the end of the gas sieve hole flange 5 is a flange tip 8, a mixture channel 10 is provided inside the main cavity 9, and two fan-shaped nozzles 11 are symmetrically installed on the end of the main cavity 9.

[0037] When the air-powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle is in use, gas is filled into the cavity base 1 through the gas inlet 3, the gas flows along the gas channel 2 to the flange tip 8, the powder flows from the powder inlet joint 14 along the powder channel 7 to the flange tip 8, the powder and the gas meet at the flange tip 8 to complete the mixing, the gas-powder mixture flows along the mixture channel 10 to the fan-shaped nozzle 11, the gas-powder mixture is sprayed out at a high speed from the end of the fan-shaped nozzle 11 to achieve spraying, and high-pressure gas is input through the symmetrical gas inlet 3 of the cavity base 1, so that the gas can flow evenly and stably in the special structure in the gun base cavity, and can be evenly mixed with the powder, so as to ensure the quality of the sprayed aerosol, thereby improving the spraying quality.

[0038] The two fan-shaped nozzles 11 form a cylinder, the center of the cylinder is an injection channel 12, and the injection channel 12 runs through the fan-shaped nozzle 11. One end of the circular injection channel 12 close to the gas sieve flange 5 forms a conical channel 23.

[0039] When the gas-powder mixture flows from the mixture channel 10 to the fan-shaped nozzle 11, the flow area of ​​the gas gradually decreases, so the flow rate of the gas-powder mixture increases to achieve a high-speed spraying effect and improve the nozzle spraying effect.

[0040] The cavity base 1 is provided with an air pressure detection port 4 , which is communicated with the gas channel 2 , and an air pressure detection connector 15 is installed on the air pressure detection port 4 .

[0041] A partition 16 is integrally formed in the middle of the cavity base 1, and four slow-flow holes 24 are evenly opened on the partition 16. The partition 16 divides the gas channel 2 into a first chamber 18 and a second chamber 19. The gas inlet 3 is connected to the first chamber 18, and the air pressure detection port 4 is connected to the second chamber 19.

[0042] After the gas enters the first chamber 18 from the gas inlet 3, the air pressure in the first chamber 18 is unstable due to the continuous input of gas. After the gas flows into the second chamber 19 through the slow flow hole 24, a relatively stable airflow is formed in the second chamber 19 through the slow flow of the slow flow hole 24 and the effect of the annular chamber, and is continuously transported and mixed with the powder. Through the air pressure detection port 4, the air pressure in the cavity can be detected in real time, and the amount of input gas can be adjusted to ensure that the air pressure in the cavity reaches an appropriate level, which can improve the working efficiency of the nozzle.

[0043] The cavity base 1 and the main cavity 9 are provided with a sealing assembly 20, and the sealing assembly 20 includes a first sealing cover plate 2001 and a second sealing cover plate 2002;

[0044] A first sealing cover plate 2001 is installed on a side of the chamber base 1 close to the powder inlet 6 , and a second sealing cover plate 2002 is installed on a side of the main chamber 9 close to the fan-shaped nozzle 11 .

[0045] By installing a first sealing cover plate 2001 and a second sealing cover plate 2002 at both ends of the nozzle, a relatively closed working environment is provided inside the nozzle to ensure that the operation of the nozzle is not affected by the external environment. The nozzle can be processed in a vacuum environment, realizing diversified use scenarios of the nozzle.

[0046] The heat dissipation assembly 21 further includes a first sealing ring 2003, a second sealing ring 2004, a third sealing ring 2005, a fourth sealing ring 2006, a fifth sealing ring 2007, a sixth sealing ring 2008, a seventh sealing ring 2009 and an eighth sealing ring 2010;

[0047] A first sealing ring 2003 and a second sealing ring 2004 are installed at the connection between the first sealing cover plate 2001 and the cavity base 1, a third sealing ring 2005 and a fourth sealing ring 2006 are installed at the connection between the gas sieve hole flange 5 and the cavity base 1, a fifth sealing ring 2007 is installed at the connection between the gas sieve hole flange 5 and the main cavity 9, a sixth sealing ring 2008 is installed at the connection between the fan-shaped nozzle 11 and the main cavity 9, and a seventh sealing ring 2009 and an eighth sealing ring 2010 are installed at the connection between the fan-shaped nozzle 11 and the second sealing cover plate 2002.

[0048] Corresponding sealing rings are set at the connection of each component. On the one hand, they can prevent the leakage of gas, powder and gas-powder mixture, reduce pollution and waste of raw materials, save energy and reduce emissions; on the other hand, they can ensure the stable working air pressure inside the nozzle, ensure that the gas-powder mixture can be sprayed out at the required high speed, complete the spraying, and ensure the work quality.

[0049] The main cavity 9 is provided with a heat dissipation assembly 21, and the heat dissipation assembly 21 includes a heat dissipation plate 2101, a heat dissipation interlayer 2102, a mounting hole 2103, a heat dissipation joint 2104 and a heat dissipation hole 2105;

[0050] Two heat sinks 2101 are symmetrically installed on the main cavity 9, and the gap between the heat sink 2101 and the main cavity 9 is a heat sink interlayer 2102. Both heat sinks 2101 are provided with mounting holes 2103, and heat sink joints 2104 are installed on the mounting holes 2103. Heat sinks 2105 are provided on the main cavity 9, and the heat sinks 2105 connect the two heat sink interlayers 2102, and the heat sinks 2105 are not communicated with the mixture channel 10.

[0051] The gas-powder mixture flows through the mixture channel 10 at an extremely high speed and is sprayed from the fan-shaped nozzle 11. The high-speed flow of the mixture in the mixture channel 10 will generate a large amount of heat energy, which will increase the temperature of the mixture channel 10 and the main cavity 9. If it works under vacuum conditions, the generated heat is more difficult to dissipate. At this time, the cooling medium can be input into the heat dissipation interlayer 2102 through the heat dissipation joint 2104. The cooling medium will take away the heat through the heat dissipation hole 2105 and flow out from the other end of the heat dissipation hole 2105 to achieve the cooling effect on the mixture channel 10 of the main cavity 9, which can maintain the properties of the gas-powder mixture, thereby ensuring the spraying quality and the working efficiency of the nozzle.

[0052] The heat dissipation assembly 20 also includes a heat dissipation plate sealing ring 2011. The heat dissipation plate sealing ring 2011 is installed at the connection between the heat dissipation plate 2101 and the main cavity 9. The heat dissipation plate sealing ring 2011 can reduce the loss of cooling medium during transportation and improve cooling efficiency.

[0053] The vacuum powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle also includes a cylindrical nozzle 22, which has the same outer dimensions as the cylinder formed by the two fan-shaped nozzles 11. The fan-shaped nozzle 11 has a flared nozzle outlet, and the cylindrical nozzle 22 has a cylindrical nozzle outlet.

[0054] The gas-powder mixture is finally sprayed out from the mixture channel 10 through the fan-shaped nozzle 11. The spray port of the fan-shaped nozzle 11 is designed with an expanded mouth, which can form a uniform fan-shaped spray. At the same time, the two fan-shaped nozzles 11 are molded together to form a complete nozzle. The molded flat ultrasonic acceleration nozzle is easy to process and manufacture. The cylindrical nozzle 22 has the same outer dimensions as the cylinder formed by the two fan-shaped nozzles 11, but the shape of the spray port is different. Different spraying shapes can be provided to meet different processing requirements, thereby improving the compatibility of the vacuum powder cold spray supersonic nozzle and facilitating production replacement.

[0055] Working principle of the present invention:

[0056] When the air-powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle is in use, gas is filled into the cavity base 1 through the gas inlet 3, the gas flows along the gas channel 2 to the flange tip 8, the powder flows from the powder inlet joint 14 along the powder channel 7 to the flange tip 8, the powder and the gas meet at the flange tip 8 to complete the mixing, the gas-powder mixture flows along the mixture channel 10 to the fan-shaped nozzle 11, the gas-powder mixture is sprayed out at a high speed from the end of the fan-shaped nozzle 11 to achieve spraying, and high-pressure gas is input through the symmetrical gas inlet 3 of the cavity base 1, so that the gas flows evenly and stably in the special structure in the gun base cavity, and is evenly mixed with the powder, thereby ensuring the quality of the sprayed aerosol and improving the spraying quality.

[0057] When the gas-powder mixture flows from the mixture channel 10 to the fan-shaped nozzle 11, the flow area of ​​the gas gradually decreases, so the flow rate of the gas-powder mixture increases to achieve a high-speed spraying effect and improve the nozzle spraying effect.

[0058] After the gas enters the first chamber 18 from the gas inlet 3, the air pressure in the first chamber 18 is unstable due to the continuous input of gas. After the gas flows into the second chamber 19 through the slow flow hole 24, a relatively stable airflow is formed in the second chamber 19 through the slow flow of the slow flow hole 24 and the effect of the annular chamber, and the gas is continuously transported and mixed with the powder. Through the air pressure detection port 4, the air pressure in the cavity can be detected in real time, and the amount of input gas can be adjusted to ensure that the air pressure in the cavity reaches an appropriate level, which can improve the working efficiency of the nozzle.

[0059] By installing the first sealing cover plate 2001 and the second sealing cover plate 2002 at both ends of the nozzle, a relatively closed working environment is provided inside the nozzle to ensure that the operation of the nozzle is not affected by the external environment. The nozzle can be processed in a vacuum environment, and the usage scenarios are diversified.

[0060] Corresponding sealing rings are set at the connection of each component. On the one hand, they can prevent the leakage of gas, powder and gas-powder mixture, reduce pollution and waste of raw materials, save energy and reduce emissions; on the other hand, they can ensure the stable working air pressure inside the nozzle, ensure that the gas-powder mixture can be sprayed out at the required high speed, complete the spraying, and improve the work quality.

[0061] The gas-powder mixture flows through the mixture channel 10 at an extremely high speed and is sprayed from the fan-shaped nozzle 11. The high-speed flow of the mixture in the mixture channel 10 will generate a large amount of heat energy, which will increase the temperature of the mixture channel 10 and the main cavity 9. If working under vacuum conditions, the generated heat is more difficult to dissipate. At this time, a cooling medium can be input into the heat dissipation interlayer 2102 through the heat dissipation joint 2104. The cooling medium will take away the heat through the heat dissipation hole 2105 and flow out from the other end of the heat dissipation hole 2105 to achieve the cooling effect on the mixture channel 10 of the main cavity 9, maintain the properties of the gas-powder mixture, and improve the spraying quality and the working efficiency of the nozzle.

[0062] The gas-powder mixture is finally sprayed out from the mixture channel 10 through the fan-shaped nozzle 11. The spray port of the fan-shaped nozzle 11 is designed with an expanded mouth, which can form a uniform fan-shaped spray. At the same time, the two fan-shaped nozzles 11 are molded together to form a complete nozzle. The molded flat ultrasonic acceleration nozzle is easy to process and manufacture. The cylindrical nozzle 22 has the same outer dimensions as the cylinder formed by the two fan-shaped nozzles 11, but the shape of the spray port is different. Different spraying shapes can be provided to meet different processing requirements, thereby improving the compatibility of the vacuum powder cold spray supersonic nozzle and facilitating production replacement.

[0063] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A vacuum powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle, characterized in that: The vacuum powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle comprises a cavity base (1), a gas channel (2) is provided inside the cavity base (1), two gas inlets (3) are symmetrically provided on the cavity base (1), and a gas inlet joint (13) is installed on each of the two gas inlets (3), a gas sieve hole flange (5) is coaxially installed on the cavity base (1), a powder channel (7) is provided inside the gas sieve hole flange (5), the powder channel (7) passes through the gas sieve hole flange (5), and the end of the powder channel (7) is a powder channel. An inlet (6), a powder inlet joint (14) is installed on the powder inlet (6), a gap between the gas sieve hole flange (5) and the cavity base (1) is a gas channel (2), a main cavity (9) is installed on the gas sieve hole flange (5), a gas through hole (17) is provided on the gas sieve hole flange (5), an end of the gas sieve hole flange (5) is a flange tip (8), a mixture channel (10) is provided inside the main cavity (9), and two fan-shaped nozzles (11) are symmetrically installed at the end of the main cavity (9).

2. A vacuum powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two fan-shaped nozzles (11) form a cylinder, the center of the cylinder is an injection channel (12), the injection channel (12) runs through the fan-shaped nozzle (11), and one end of the circular injection channel (12) close to the gas sieve flange (5) forms a conical channel (23).

3. The vacuum powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity base (1) is provided with an air pressure detection port (4), the air pressure detection port (4) is connected to the gas channel (2), and an air pressure detection connector (15) is installed on the air pressure detection port (4).

4. A vacuum powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that: A partition (16) is integrally formed in the middle of the cavity base (1), and four slow-flow holes (24) are evenly arranged on the partition (16). The partition (16) divides the gas channel (2) into a first chamber (18) and a second chamber (19). The gas inlet (3) is in communication with the first chamber (18), and the air pressure detection port (4) is in communication with the second chamber (19).

5. A vacuum powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sealing assembly (20) is provided on the cavity base (1) and the main cavity (9), and the sealing assembly (20) comprises a first sealing cover plate (2001) and a second sealing cover plate (2002); A first sealing cover plate (2001) is installed on a side of the chamber base (1) close to the powder inlet (6), and a second sealing cover plate (2002) is installed on a side of the main chamber (9) close to the fan-shaped nozzle (11).

6. A vacuum powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat dissipation assembly (21) further comprises a first sealing ring (2003), a second sealing ring (2004), a third sealing ring (2005), a fourth sealing ring (2006), a fifth sealing ring (2007), a sixth sealing ring (2008), a seventh sealing ring (2009) and an eighth sealing ring (2010; A first sealing ring (2003) and a second sealing ring (2004) are installed at the connection between the first sealing cover plate (2001) and the cavity base (1); a third sealing ring (2005) and a fourth sealing ring (2006) are installed at the connection between the gas sieve hole flange (5) and the cavity base (1); a fifth sealing ring (2007) is installed at the connection between the gas sieve hole flange (5) and the main cavity (9); a sixth sealing ring (2008) is installed at the connection between the fan-shaped nozzle (11) and the main cavity (9); and a seventh sealing ring (2009) and an eighth sealing ring (2010) are installed at the connection between the fan-shaped nozzle (11) and the second sealing cover plate (2002).

7. A vacuum powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The main cavity (9) is provided with a heat dissipation assembly (21), wherein the heat dissipation assembly (21) comprises a heat dissipation plate (2101), a heat dissipation interlayer (2102), a mounting hole (2103), a heat dissipation joint (2104) and a heat dissipation hole (2105); Two heat dissipation plates (2101) are symmetrically mounted on the main cavity (9); a gap between the heat dissipation plates (2101) and the main cavity (9) is a heat dissipation interlayer (2102); mounting holes (2103) are provided on the two heat dissipation plates (2101); heat dissipation joints (2104) are mounted on the mounting holes (2103); a heat dissipation hole (2105) is provided on the main cavity (9); the heat dissipation hole (2105) connects the two heat dissipation interlayers (2102); and the heat dissipation hole (2105) is not in communication with the mixture channel (10).

8. The vacuum powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heat dissipation assembly (20) further comprises a heat dissipation plate sealing ring (2011), and the heat dissipation plate sealing ring (2011) is installed at the connection between the heat dissipation plate (2101) and the main cavity (9).

9. A vacuum powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The vacuum powder cold spraying supersonic nozzle also comprises a columnar nozzle (22), the columnar nozzle (22) having the same outer dimensions as a cylinder formed by two fan-shaped nozzles (11), the fan-shaped nozzle (11) having a flared nozzle at its spray outlet, and the columnar nozzle (22) having a cylindrical shape at its spray outlet.

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