Steel structure laser welding assembly device and laser welding process

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, in particular to a steel structure laser welding assembly device and a laser welding process. The steel structure laser welding and splicing device comprises a welding platform, a mechanical arm located above the welding platform and a machine head arranged on the mechanical arm, a laser base is arranged on the machine head, an oxidation film processing assembly is installed on the outer wall of the laser base, and a laser welding head is installed at the bottom of the laser base. The laser base is provided with a sliding rail used for installing the oxidation film processing assembly, the oxidation film processing assembly comprises a sliding base assembled on the sliding rail in a sliding mode and a laser cleaning head installed on the sliding base, and the laser cleaning head deviates from the radial direction of the laser welding head. The laser cleaning head instantly gasifies a coating on the surface of a steel structure in advance before the laser welding head is used for welding, and an oxide layer is an important factor for forming air holes or bubbles in a welding seam and is cleaned before welding, so that the welding quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, and in particular to a steel structure laser welding assembly device and a laser welding process. Background Art

[0002] Laser welding assembly refers to a welding process that uses the laser beam emitted by laser welding equipment to weld workpieces together. The laser welding equipment is composed of a robotic arm, a machine head, a laser head and a servo control system. When welding, either wire welding or laser beam heating welding is used. The former is more expensive and has a higher weld strength, while the latter is less expensive and has a neat weld surface. Both welding processes require the formation of a molten pool in the welding area and are prone to bubbles in the welding area.

[0003] Laser welding is a high-precision and high-efficiency welding technology that is widely used in automobile manufacturing, steel structure splicing and other fields. However, there are still some problems in the actual application process. For example, when two steel components (such as I-beams and channel steels) are welded together, due to the long weld bead and the presence of coatings in the welding area, such as oxide films, a large number of pores will appear in the weld, affecting the welding quality. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems and improve the quality of welds, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A steel structure laser welding assembly device comprises a welding platform, a manipulator located above the welding platform and a machine head arranged on the manipulator, a laser seat is arranged on the machine head, an oxide film processing component is installed on the outer wall of the laser seat, a laser welding head is installed on the bottom of the laser seat, a slide rail for installing the oxide film processing component is arranged on the laser seat, the oxide film processing component comprises a slide seat slidably assembled on the slide rail and a laser cleaning head installed on the slide seat, the laser cleaning head deviates in the radial orientation of the laser welding head, the slide seat carries the laser cleaning head and can move up and down relative to the welding platform along the slide rail structure, a multi-spectral detection component is installed on the laser seat, and the oxide film signal on the workpiece is detected by the multi-spectral detection component to control the lifting and lowering action of the oxide film processing component relative to the laser welding head.

[0006] As a further preferred embodiment, a first turret is provided on the machine head, the laser base is installed on the first turret, the laser base and the oxide film processing assembly can rotate 360 ​​degrees horizontally following the machine head, and a second turret is provided in the middle position of the manipulator, and the machine head can also rotate 360 ​​degrees vertically through the second turret.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment, a lifting seat is fixed on the other end of the manipulator away from the machine head, and the lifting seat is installed on the longitudinal slide of the steel structure laser welding assembly device. The lifting seat is lifted and lowered along the slide rail to adjust the distance between the laser welding head and the laser cleaning head and the welding platform.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment, the multispectral detection component includes a multispectral camera and a light source arranged on a laser base, the multispectral camera is connected to a plc controller, the multispectral camera and the light source are located between the laser cleaning head and the laser welding head, the light source is perpendicular to the welding platform, the slide rail structure is vertically arranged on the outer wall of the laser base, the top end of the slide rail is vertically upward and connected to the outer wall of the laser base, the bottom end of the slide rail is vertically downward and exceeds the bottom end of the laser base, the slide seat slides on the slide rail, the laser cleaning head is fixed on the slide seat and the bottom end is close to the bottom end of the slide rail, the oxide film processing component also includes a push plate connected to the top end of the slide seat, and also includes an action rod connected to the cylinder on the top end of the push plate, the other end of the cylinder is fixed on the first turret, and the cylinder and the laser cleaning head are controlled by the plc controller.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment, the slide rail is provided with a sleeve cavity extending upward from the bottom end, and the oxide film treatment component also includes a telescopic seat nested in the sleeve cavity, the bottom end of the telescopic seat is provided with a nozzle exposed at the bottom end of the slide rail, and the bottom end of the telescopic seat is provided with a protrusion, a tension spring is connected between the inner end of the telescopic seat and the top end of the sleeve cavity, a top seat is fixed on the outer wall of the slide seat, a push rod is connected to the protrusion, the push rod is bent upward and close to the top seat, an air intake pipe is installed on the slide rail, the inner end of the air intake pipe enters the sleeve cavity and is connected to the nozzle.

[0010] As a further preference, the outer end of the air inlet pipe is connected to an air source, the other end of the air source is connected to an air pump, and a button is fixed on the bottom surface of the raised portion, and the button is electrically connected to the air pump.

[0011] As further preferred, there are a plurality of nozzles, which are arranged equidistantly, and the nozzle directions of the nozzles tend to be toward the laser cleaning head.

[0012] The present invention also provides a welding process using a steel structure laser welding assembly device, comprising the following steps:

[0013] Step 01: Clean the surface of the steel structure, especially remove oil stains from the welding area;

[0014] Step 02: Clamp the two steel structures to be welded together on the welding platform 1 by means of a clamp, and ensure that the butt clearance between the two steel structures is less than or equal to 0.1 mm;

[0015] Step 03, the multi-spectral detection component detects the welding surface of the steel structure, and controls the oxide film processing component 5 to thoroughly clean the oxide film on the surface of the steel structure along the weld to ensure that the weld is clean, and then uses the laser welding head 6 to complete the welding, reduce pores, and improve the quality of the weld;

[0016] Step 04: Open the clamp and remove the welded steel structure from the welding platform 1.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The spectrum detection function and the oxide film treatment function are set. When in use, the two steel structures are first clamped on the welding platform by the clamp. Before laser welding, the light source emits light to the surface of the two steel structures. The light is reflected by the surface of the steel structure to the multi-spectral camera. The multi-spectral camera feeds the signal back to the spectrum instrument. When the spectrum instrument analyzes that there is a coating on the surface of the steel structure, the signal is sent to the PLC controller. The PLC controller instructs the servo motor to drive the first turret to rotate, and the first turret drives the laser seat to rotate. The laser seat adjusts the oxide film treatment component to the movement direction of the weld. At this time, the laser cleaning head It is located in front of the laser welding head when welding, that is, the laser welding head follows behind the laser cleaning head. At the same time, the PLC controller instructs the cylinder to push the push plate down, the push plate pushes the slide, and the slide pushes the laser cleaning head down. The laser cleaning head is powered on earlier than the laser welding head, and emits a light beam toward the surface of the steel structure along the direction of the weld. The light beam heats the surface of the steel structure, causing the coating to fall off or stay away from the weld. As the laser cleaning head moves along the direction of the weld, the laser welding head follows closely behind, and cooperates with the welding wire fed by the welding machine conveyor wheel to butt the weld, so that the welding and assembly of the two steel structures are completed. Before the laser welding head is welded, the laser cleaning head will instantly vaporize the coating on the surface of the steel structure in advance. Since the oxide layer is an important factor in the formation of pores or bubbles in the weld, it will be cleaned before welding and avoided during welding, so the quality of the weld is improved and the welding strength is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a steel structure laser welding assembly device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a steel structure laser welding assembly device provided by an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective, wherein G represents a steel member;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a steel structure laser welding assembly device provided by an embodiment of the present invention from a partial upward perspective;

[0022] Figure 4A schematic diagram of a steel structure laser welding assembly device provided by an embodiment of the present invention after the slide rail and the telescopic seat are disassembled from another viewing angle;

[0023] Figure 5 A steel structure laser welding assembly device provided in an embodiment of the present invention comprises Figure 4 The enlarged schematic diagram of the C part is shown;

[0024] Figure 6 A partial rear view plane diagram of a steel structure laser welding assembly device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 A steel structure laser welding assembly device provided in an embodiment of the present invention comprises Figure 5 The enlarged schematic diagram of the A part is shown;

[0026] Figure 8 A partial side plan view of a steel structure laser welding assembly device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Fig. 9 A steel structure laser welding assembly device provided in an embodiment of the present invention comprises Figure 7 An enlarged schematic diagram of part B is shown.

[0028] In the figure: 1. welding platform; 2. manipulator; 21. second turret; 3. machine head; 31. first turret; 4. laser seat; 5. oxide film processing assembly; 6. laser welding head; 7. slide seat; 71. top seat; 8. laser cleaning head; 9. multi-spectral camera; 10. light source; 11. slide rail; 111. sleeve cavity; 112. telescopic seat; 113. nozzle; 114. raised part; 115. tension spring; 116. ejector rod; 117. air inlet pipe; 12. button; 13. lifting seat; 14. push plate; 15. cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The above and other embodiments and advantages of the present invention are described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0030] In one embodiment, Figure 1-Figure 9 As shown:

[0031] The present embodiment provides a steel structure laser welding assembly device, including a welding platform 1, a manipulator 2 located above the welding platform 1 and a machine head 3 arranged on the manipulator 2, a laser seat 4 is arranged on the machine head 3, an oxide film processing component 5 is installed on the outer wall of the laser seat 4, a laser welding head 6 is installed on the bottom of the laser seat 4, a slide rail 11 for installing the oxide film processing component 5 is provided on the laser seat 4, the oxide film processing component 5 includes a slide seat 7 slidably assembled on the slide rail 11 and a laser cleaning head 8 installed on the slide seat 7, the laser cleaning head 8 deviates from the radial orientation of the laser welding head 6, the slide seat 7 can move up and down relative to the welding platform 1 along the slide rail structure with the laser cleaning head 8, and a multi-spectral detection component is installed on the laser seat 4, and the oxide film signal on the workpiece is detected by the multi-spectral detection component to control the oxide film processing component 5 to rise and fall relative to the laser welding head 6.

[0032] As a further preferred embodiment, a first turret 31 is provided on the machine head 3, and the laser seat 4 is installed on the first turret 31. The laser seat 4 and the oxide film processing assembly 5 can rotate 360 ​​degrees horizontally following the machine head 3. A second turret 21 is provided at the middle position of the manipulator 2, and the machine head 3 can also rotate 360 ​​degrees vertically through the second turret 21.

[0033] As a further preferred embodiment, a lifting seat 13 is fixed on the other end of the manipulator 2 away from the machine head 3, and the lifting seat 13 is installed on the longitudinal slide of the steel structure laser welding assembly device. The lifting seat 13 is lifted and lowered along the slide rail to adjust the distance between the laser welding head 6 and the laser cleaning head 8 and the welding platform 1.

[0034] As a further preferred embodiment, the multispectral detection component includes a multispectral camera 9 and a light source 10 arranged on the laser seat 4, the multispectral camera 9 is connected to the plc controller, the multispectral camera 9 and the light source 10 are located between the laser cleaning head 8 and the laser welding head 6, the light source 10 is perpendicular to the welding platform 1, the slide rail structure is vertically arranged on the outer wall of the laser seat 4, the top of the slide rail 11 is vertically upward and connected to the outer wall of the laser seat 4, the bottom end of the slide rail 11 is vertically downward and exceeds the bottom end of the laser seat 4, the slide seat 7 slides on the slide rail 11, the laser cleaning head 8 is fixed on the slide seat 7 and the bottom end is close to the bottom end of the slide rail 11, the oxide film processing component 5 also includes a push plate 14 connected to the top of the slide seat 7, and also includes a cylinder 15 with an action rod connected to the top of the push plate 14, the other end of the cylinder 15 is fixed on the first turret 31, and the cylinder 15 and the laser cleaning head 8 are controlled by the plc controller.

[0035] As a further preferred embodiment, the slide rail 11 is provided with a sleeve cavity 111 from the bottom end upward, and the oxide film treatment component 5 also includes a telescopic seat 112 nested in the sleeve cavity 111, and the bottom end of the telescopic seat 112 is provided with a nozzle 113 exposed at the bottom end of the slide rail 11, and the bottom end of the telescopic seat 112 is provided with a protrusion 114, and a tension spring 115 is connected between the inner end of the telescopic seat 112 and the top of the sleeve cavity 111, a top seat 71 is fixed on the outer wall of the slide seat 7, and a push rod 116 is connected to the protrusion 114, and the push rod 116 is bent upward and close to the top seat 71, and an air intake pipe 117 is installed on the slide rail 11, and the inner end of the air intake pipe 117 enters the sleeve cavity 111 and is connected to the nozzle 113.

[0036] As a further preferred embodiment, the outer end of the air inlet pipe 117 is connected to an air source, the other end of the air source is connected to an air pump, and a button 12 is fixed on the bottom surface of the raised portion 114, and the button 12 is electrically connected to the air pump.

[0037] As a further preferred embodiment, there are a plurality of nozzles 113 , which are arranged equidistantly, and the nozzle directions of the nozzles 113 tend to be toward the laser cleaning head 8 .

[0038] Working principle and effect: First, the two steel structures are clamped on the welding platform 1 by a clamp, and the manipulator 2 brings the machine head 3 to the top of the two steel structures, and the machine head 3 brings the laser seat 4 and the laser seat 4 brings the laser welding head 6 to the top of the two steel structures (weld seam). According to the existing control technology of the laser welding equipment, the laser welding head 6 locates the welding origin at the joint of the two steel structures. Before welding, the light source 10 emits light to the surface of the two steel structures, and the light is reflected by the surface of the steel structure to the multi-spectral camera 9. The multi-spectral camera 9 feeds the signal back to the spectrometer. When the spectrometer analyzes that there is a coating (such as an oxide film) on the surface of the steel structure, the signal is sent to the plc controller. The plc controller instructs the servo motor to drive the first turret 31 to rotate, and the first turret 31 drives the laser seat 4 to rotate. The laser seat 4 adjusts the oxide film processing component 5 to the movement direction of the weld. At this time, the laser cleaning head 8 is located in front of the laser welding head 6 when welding, that is, the laser welding head 6 follows behind the laser cleaning head 8 (such as Figure 2As shown, the arrow in the figure indicates the welding direction), at the same time, the PLC controller instructs the cylinder 15, the cylinder 15 pushes the push plate 14 down, the push plate 14 pushes the slide 7, and the slide 7 pushes the laser cleaning head 8 down. The laser cleaning head 8 is powered on earlier than the laser welding head 6, and emits a light beam toward the surface of the steel structure along the direction of the weld. The light beam heats the surface of the steel structure, causing the coating to fall off or move away from the weld. As the laser cleaning head 8 moves along the direction of the weld, the laser welding head 6 follows closely behind, and cooperates with the welding wire fed by the welding machine conveyor wheel to butt the weld, so that the welding and assembly of the two steel structures are completed. Before the laser welding head 6 welds, the laser cleaning head 8 instantly vaporizes the coating on the surface of the steel structure in advance, especially the vaporization layer (film) that affects the generation of bubbles. Since the oxide layer is an important factor in the formation of pores or bubbles in the weld, it is cleaned before welding and avoided during welding, so the quality of the weld is improved and the welding strength is improved.

[0039] In addition, Figures 4 to 7 As shown, when the slide 7 pushes the laser cleaning head 8 to descend, the top seat 71 will also descend with the slide 7, and the top seat 71 will also descend with the button 12. The button 12 presses on the top rod 116 and pushes the top rod 116 to descend. The telescopic seat 112 is driven by the top rod 116 to descend along the sleeve cavity 111 of the slide rail 11 and the tension spring 115 is stretched downward, and the telescopic seat 112 drives the nozzle 113 to descend. As the slide 7 continues to descend, the laser cleaning head 8 is pushed to the vicinity of the weld. At the same time, as the telescopic seat 112 descends, the nozzle 113 is also pushed to the vicinity of the weld. At this time, the button 12 is pressed on the top rod 116. The end closes its normally closed contact, triggering the external air pump to automatically power on. The air pump provides cold air to the air inlet pipe 117 through the hose. The cold air enters all the nozzles 113 from the inner end of the air inlet pipe 117 and is sprayed onto the surface of the steel structure through these nozzles 113. The nozzle 113 is followed by the laser cleaning head 8, and the laser welding head 6 is followed by the nozzle 113. After the laser cleaning head 8 vaporizes the oxide layer on the surface of the steel structure and close to the weld, the cold air sprayed from the nozzle 113 completely keeps the vaporized oxide layer away from the weld. The laser welding head 6 then welds the welding wire to the weld to form a weld to ensure that there are no bubbles in the weld. The nozzle 113 is inclined to the laser cleaning head 8, and the high light temperature of the laser cleaning head 8 is lower than that of the laser welding head 6. The cold air ejected by the nozzle 113 and the high light emitted by the laser cleaning head 8 act on the steel structure, so that the laser cleaning head 8 can not only satisfy the oxide layer on the steel structure to be gasified in advance, but also prevent the steel structure surface from being affected by the laser cleaning head 8. The welding wire is welded on the weld bead only when the laser welding head 6 follows up. The weld bead here refers to the gap between two steel structures after docking, and also refers to the weld runway formed after welding.

[0040] On the contrary, if the light source 10 emits light to the surface of the two steel structures, the light is reflected by the steel structure surface to the multi-spectral camera 9, and the multi-spectral camera 9 feeds back the signal to the spectrometer. When the spectrometer analyzes that there is no coating (such as an oxide film) on the surface of the steel structure, the signal is sent to the plc controller, and the plc controller instructs the servo motor to drive the first turret 31 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the first turret 31 drives the laser seat 4 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the laser seat 4 adjusts the oxide film processing component 5 to the follow-up direction of the weld. At this time, the laser welding head 6 is in front and the laser cleaning head 8 is in the back. At the same time, the plc controller instructs the cylinder 15, and the cylinder 15 drives the push plate 14 to rise, and the push plate 14 drives the slide 7, and the slide 7 drives the laser cleaning head 8 to rise, and the laser cleaning head 8 is powered off. At this time, the slide 7 will also bring the top seat 71 up, and the top seat 71 will bring the button 12 up, and the button 12 will eventually separate from the top of the top rod 116, and the normally open contact of the button 12 will be restored to normally open, and the external air pump will be powered off, and the air supply is completed. The laser welding head 6 is powered on in advance and completes the welding of the weld. The laser welding head 6 works alone at this time, and the laser cleaning head 8 rises to a position far above the laser welding head 6 and stops working, saving energy consumption.

[0041] The present invention also provides a welding process using a steel structure laser welding assembly device, comprising the following steps:

[0042] Step 01, clean the surface of the steel structure, especially remove the oil stains from the welding area. The cleaning agent used is an alkaline degreasing agent at 60-80 degrees Celsius. Soak for 5-10 minutes. Ultrasonic waves are set in the decontamination tank to assist in decontamination.

[0043] Step 02: Clamp the two steel structures to be welded together on the welding platform 1 through a clamp, and ensure that the butt clearance between the two steel structures is less than or equal to 0.1 mm;

[0044] Step 03, the multi-spectral detection component detects the welding surface of the steel structure, and controls the oxide film treatment component 5 to thoroughly clean the oxide film on the surface of the steel structure along the weld to ensure that the weld is clean, and then uses the laser welding head 6 to complete the welding, reduce pores, and improve the quality of the weld;

[0045] Step 04: Open the clamp and remove the welded steel structure from the welding platform 1.

[0046] The above orientation designations do not represent the specific orientations of the components in this implementation scheme. This implementation scheme is only for the convenience of describing the scheme, and the orientations are described relatively with reference to the figures. In essence, the specific orientations of the components are described according to their actual installation and actual use as well as the customary orientations of technicians in this field. This is hereby explained.

[0047] It should be further explained that the multi-spectral detection principle mentioned in the present invention uses multi-spectral detection technology to perform imaging by using machine vision products based on cameras and a specific wavelength of visible light and infrared light. A multi-spectral camera is a camera that uses several bands to simultaneously image the same scene during operation. Therefore, it can obtain the image information of the target and the spectral information of the target, identify the oxidation area, and the reflectivity of the oxide film and the substrate in different bands is significantly different. Its detection information and detection principle are prior art. The present invention only needs to assemble it on the machine head and connect it to the PLC controller in the laser equipment before it can be used. It is prior art and will not be described in detail in the present invention. The temperature control technology of the laser cleaning head being lower than the laser welding head is realized by the laser control principle. It is the technology of the existing laser welding machine and will not be described in detail.

[0048] The specific implementation methods described above further describe the invention purpose, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. It is particularly pointed out that for those skilled in the art, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steel structure laser welding assembly device, comprising a welding platform (1), a manipulator (2) located above the welding platform (1), and a machine head (3) arranged on the manipulator (2), wherein a laser seat (4) is arranged on the machine head (3), characterized in that: An oxide film processing component (5) is installed on the outer wall of the laser seat (4), a laser welding head (6) is installed on the bottom of the laser seat (4), a slide rail (11) for installing the oxide film processing component (5) is provided on the laser seat (4), the oxide film processing component (5) comprises a slide seat (7) slidably assembled on the slide rail (11) and a laser cleaning head (8) installed on the slide seat (7), the laser cleaning head (8) is deviated from the radial orientation of the laser welding head (6), the slide seat (7) carries the laser cleaning head (8) and can move up and down relative to the welding platform (1) along the slide rail structure, and a multi-spectrum detection component is installed on the laser seat (4), and the oxide film signal on the workpiece is detected by the multi-spectrum detection component to control the oxide film processing component (5) to rise and fall relative to the laser welding head (6).

2. The steel structure laser welding assembly device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The machine head (3) is provided with a first turret (31), the laser seat (4) is mounted on the first turret (31), the laser seat (4) and the oxide film processing assembly (5) can follow the machine head (3) to perform a 360-degree horizontal rotation, and a second turret (21) is provided at the middle position of the manipulator (2), and the machine head (3) can also perform a 360-degree vertical rotation through the second turret (21).

3. The steel structure laser welding assembly device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A lifting seat (13) is fixed on the other end of the manipulator (2) away from the machine head (3), and the lifting seat (13) is installed on a longitudinal slide of the steel structure laser welding assembly device. The lifting seat (13) is raised and lowered along the slide rail to adjust the distance between the laser welding head (6) and the laser cleaning head (8) and the welding platform (1).

4. The steel structure laser welding assembly device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multispectral detection component comprises a multispectral camera (9) and a light source (10) arranged on a laser seat (4); the multispectral camera (9) is connected to a PLC controller; the multispectral camera (9) and the light source (10) are located between a laser cleaning head (7) and a laser welding head (6); the light source (10) is perpendicular to the welding platform (1); a slide rail structure is vertically arranged on the outer wall of the laser seat (4); the top end of the slide rail (11) is vertically upward and connected to the outer wall of the laser seat (4); the bottom end of the slide rail (11) is vertically downward and exceeds The slide (7) slides on the slide rail (11) through the bottom end of the laser seat (4), the laser cleaning head (8) is fixed on the slide (7) and the bottom end is close to the bottom end of the slide rail (11), the oxide film processing component (5) also includes a push plate (14) connected to the top end of the slide (7), and also includes an action rod connected to the cylinder (15) on the top end of the push plate (14), the other end of the cylinder (15) is fixed on the first turret (31), and the cylinder (15) and the laser cleaning head (8) are controlled by the PLC controller.

5. The steel structure laser welding assembly device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The slide rail (11) is provided with a sleeve cavity (111) extending upward from the bottom end; the oxide film treatment component (5) further comprises a telescopic seat (112) nested in the sleeve cavity (111); the bottom end of the telescopic seat (112) is provided with a nozzle (113) exposed at the bottom end of the slide rail (11); the bottom end of the telescopic seat (112) is provided with a protrusion (114); a tension spring (115) is connected between the inner end of the telescopic seat (112) and the top end of the sleeve cavity (111); a top seat (71) is fixed on the outer wall of the slide seat (7); a push rod (116) is connected to the protrusion (114); the push rod (116) is bent upward and close to the top seat (71); an air intake pipe (117) is installed on the slide rail (11); the inner end of the air intake pipe (117) enters the sleeve cavity (111) and is connected to the nozzle (113).

6. The steel structure laser welding assembly device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer end of the air inlet pipe (117) is connected to an air source, and the other end of the air source is connected to an air pump. A button (12) is fixed on the bottom surface of the raised portion (114), and the button (12) is electrically connected to the air pump.

7. The steel structure laser welding assembly device according to claim 5, characterized in that: There are a plurality of nozzles (113), which are arranged at equal distances, and the nozzles of the nozzles (113) are oriented in a direction toward the laser cleaning head (8).

8. A welding process using the steel structure laser welding assembly device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 01: Clean the surface of the steel structure, especially remove oil stains from the welding area; Step 02: clamp the two steel structures to be welded together on the welding platform (1) by means of a clamp, and ensure that the butt clearance between the two steel structures is less than or equal to 0.1 mm; Step 03, the multi-spectral detection component detects the welding surface of the steel structure, and controls the oxide film processing component (5) to thoroughly clean the oxide film on the surface of the steel structure along the weld to ensure that the weld is clean, and then uses the laser welding head (6) to complete the welding, reduce pores, and improve the quality of the weld; Step 04: Open the clamp and remove the welded steel structure from the welding platform (1).

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