Photovoltaic module packaging material and preparation method thereof
The preparation of photovoltaic module packaging materials using carbon dioxide-based polycarbonate diol and hydroxy-terminated polydimethylsiloxane solves the shortcomings of existing materials in terms of aging resistance and bonding properties, and achieves the simplification of the material's weather resistance and process.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510418970.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-03
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-06
AI Technical Summary
During the use of existing photovoltaic module packaging materials, there are problems such as poor aging resistance, poor bonding performance and complex processing technology, especially ethylene-ethylene acetate copolymers and thermoplastic polyolefin materials will cause irreversible damage to solar cell silicon wafers during degradation and hydrolysis.
The end-group modified polycarbonate diol and hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane were used as core raw materials, and end-group modified polydimethylsiloxane was prepared through nucleophilic substitution reaction and carbon-carbon double bond addition reaction, and polymerized with a radical initiator to obtain a photovoltaic module packaging material with excellent adhesion and aging resistance.
It significantly improves the weather resistance, UV yellowing and hydrolysis resistance of the packaging materials. The material is a thermoplastic elastomer. The packaging process is simple and does not require a long-term hot press cross-linking process. It has a wide glass transition temperature and is suitable for different types of solar cell modules.
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Figure CN120098209A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic module packaging polymer material synthesis, and more specifically to a photovoltaic module packaging material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art
[0002] With the continuous growth of energy demand, traditional energy has reached a bottleneck due to limited resource reserves and environmental impact. With the intensification of the energy crisis, clean energy, such as solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, and biomass energy, has become the focus of global energy transformation. As one of the most promising clean energy sources, solar energy has developed rapidly in recent years. In the photovoltaic field, with the advancement of technology and the improvement of the industrial chain, the cost of solar power generation has dropped significantly, gradually approaching or lower than the cost of traditional energy.
[0003] The continuous innovation of the photovoltaic industry has driven the technological development of related upstream and downstream industries of photovoltaic modules. Among them, the safe packaging of photovoltaic modules is the key to ensure the continuous and stable operation of photovoltaic cells. At present, the packaging materials generally include ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer, EVA), polyolefin elastomer (Polyolefin Elastomer, POE), polyvinyl butyral (Polyvinyl Butyral, PVB), thermoplastic polyurethane (Thermoplastic Polyurethane, TPU), polydimethylsiloxane (Polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS), ionomers, etc. At present, the more mature commercial materials are ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer, EVA) and thermoplastic polyolefin (Thermoplastic polyolefin, TPO).
[0004] However, the two materials currently have deficiencies and defects in actual use: the vinyl acetate structure contained in the EVA molecular chain segment will produce acidic molecules during degradation and hydrolysis, causing irreversible damage to the solar cell silicon wafer; POE is a non-polar material, and the necessary additives added to regulate its performance have poor compatibility with the material itself, which will cause the additives to precipitate and have the risk of slippage. Therefore, it is imperative to develop photovoltaic packaging materials with better anti-aging and bonding properties, more stable, more convenient processing technology, and longer service life. Summary of the invention
[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module packaging material and a preparation method thereof. The photovoltaic module packaging material prepared by the present invention has good adhesion and excellent aging resistance.
[0006] The first object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a photovoltaic module encapsulation material, comprising the following steps: With carbon dioxide-based polycarbonate diol and acrylic anhydride as raw materials, a nucleophilic substitution reaction occurs under the action of a first catalyst to obtain terminal-modified polycarbonate.
[0007] Hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and acrylic anhydride are used as raw materials, and under the action of a second catalyst, a nucleophilic substitution reaction occurs to obtain terminal-modified polydimethylsiloxane.
[0008] The terminal-modified polycarbonate and the terminal-modified polydimethylsiloxane are used as raw materials, and a carbon-carbon double bond addition reaction is carried out under the action of a free radical initiator to obtain a photovoltaic module packaging material.
[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when preparing the terminal-modified polycarbonate, the molar ratio of the carbon dioxide-based polycarbonate diol to the acrylic anhydride is 1:2-2.2.
[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when preparing the terminal-modified polycarbonate, the nucleophilic substitution reaction is carried out at 55° C. to 65° C. for 5.5 h to 6.5 h.
[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when preparing the terminal-modified polydimethylsiloxane, the molar ratio of the hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane to acrylic anhydride is 1:2-2.2.
[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when preparing the terminal-modified polydimethylsiloxane, the nucleophilic substitution reaction is carried out under a protective gas atmosphere at 45° C. to 55° C. for 2.5 h to 3.5 h.
[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the terminal-modified polycarbonate and the terminal-modified polydimethylsiloxane, the mass percentage of the terminal-modified polycarbonate is 5% to 15%, and the mass percentage of the terminal-modified polydimethylsiloxane is 85% to 95%, which is 100% in total.
[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the carbon-carbon double bond addition reaction is carried out under a protective gas atmosphere at 65° C. to 75° C. for 7.5 h to 8.5 h.
[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the amount of the free radical initiator added is 0.3% to 0.5% of the total mass of the terminal-modified polycarbonate and the terminal-modified polydimethylsiloxane.
[0016] The free radical initiator is azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisisoheptanenitrile, dimethyl azobisisobutyrate, dibenzoyl peroxide or tert-butyl perbenzoate.
[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first catalyst is 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and the added amount of the first catalyst is 5% to 20% of the molar amount of the carbon dioxide-based polycarbonate diol.
[0018] The second catalyst is 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and the added amount of the second catalyst is 5% to 20% of the molar amount of the hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane.
[0019] The second object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module packaging material prepared by the above preparation method.
[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention can greatly improve the weather resistance, UV yellowing resistance, and hydrolysis resistance of the packaging material.
[0021] The present invention uses low molecular weight polycarbonate diol prepared by copolymerization of carbon dioxide and epoxide and low viscosity hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane as core raw materials, and the chain segments are concentrated with carbonate groups, silicon-carbon, silicon-oxygen and other structures to provide the chemical stability of the material itself. The anti-aging properties are supported by the stability of the chemical carbonate bond and double bond structure, and the hydrolysis resistance benefits from the protective effect of the hydrophobic group. At the same time, the synergistic effect of the hydrogen bond network and the interface chemistry significantly improves the bonding strength of the material.
[0022] (2) The material synthesized in the present invention is a thermoplastic elastomer material, and the encapsulation does not require a long hot pressing cross-linking process, and the encapsulation process is simple.
[0023] (3) The weather-resistant packaging material prepared by the present invention has a wide glass transition temperature and can be processed by hot pressing or coating, and can be individually adjusted according to actual conditions such as the type of solar cell, packaging conditions of photovoltaic modules, and installation site. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the reaction of the present invention, wherein a is the reaction diagram of anhydride-modified polycarbonate end groups, b is the reaction diagram of anhydride-modified polydimethylsiloxane end groups, and c is the reaction diagram for preparing photovoltaic module packaging materials.
[0025] Figure 2 It is the DSC curve diagram of the samples of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0027] A method for preparing a photovoltaic module packaging material comprises the following steps: Using carbon dioxide-based polycarbonate diol and acrylic anhydride as raw materials, a nucleophilic substitution reaction occurs under the action of the first catalyst, and the acyl group of the anhydride is nucleophilically attacked by the alcohol hydroxyl oxygen, such as Figure 1 As shown in a in FIG, a terminal-modified polycarbonate is obtained.
[0028] Using hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and acrylic anhydride as raw materials, under the action of the second catalyst, a nucleophilic substitution reaction occurs, and the acyl group of the anhydride is nucleophilically attacked by the alcohol hydroxyl oxygen, such as Figure 1 As shown in b, terminal-modified polydimethylsiloxane is obtained.
[0029] Using terminal-modified polycarbonate and terminal-modified polydimethylsiloxane as raw materials, a carbon-carbon double bond addition reaction is carried out under the action of a free radical initiator, such as Figure 1 As shown in c in FIG. 1 , the photovoltaic module encapsulation material is obtained.
[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the molecular weight of the carbon dioxide-based polycarbonate diol is 1000-5000.
[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the viscosity of the hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane is 25 cSt.
[0032] The hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane used in the following examples has a product number of MFCD01325010 and a viscosity of 25 cSt. The carbon dioxide-based polycarbonate diol is obtained by copolymerizing carbon dioxide and propylene oxide.
[0033] Specifically, the carbon dioxide-based polycarbonate diol with a number average molecular weight of 2000 g / mol was purchased from Foshan Zhongtianrong New Material Technology Co., Ltd. Polypropylene carbonate diol, batch number 20240904-1, and hydroxyl value 56.5 mg﹒KOH / g.
[0034] The carbon dioxide-based polycarbonate diol with a number average molecular weight of 3000 g / mol is obtained according to the preparation method of propylene carbonate diol in patent CN116003728A: in an anhydrous and oxygen-free environment, 40g of propylene oxide, 31.8μL of triethylamine, 1.8mL of 1,4-butanediol, and 2.7mL of triethyl boron solution are added to a high-pressure reactor in sequence, filled with 1.5MPa of carbon dioxide, and reacted in a 55°C oil bath for 24h. After the reaction is completed, the temperature is lowered to room temperature and the carbon dioxide pressure is released, the reaction is quenched with a dilute hydrochloric acid solution, and then poured into deionized water and stirred to remove the residual catalyst, and the liquid is separated to obtain the carbon dioxide-based polycarbonate diol.
[0035] Example 1 (1) Add 20.00 g of carbon dioxide-based polycarbonate diol with a number average molecular weight of 2000 g / mol to a three-mouth reactor, remove water under reduced pressure at 100 °C for 2 h, cool to 60 °C under nitrogen protection, add 2.56 g of acrylic anhydride dropwise and stir evenly, then add 0.12 g of catalyst 4-dimethylaminopyridine, react for about 6 h to modify the end group, and titrate the reaction solution for hydroxyl value. The reaction is terminated when the titration value remains unchanged. Add appropriate amount of dichloromethane to the reaction solution, wash it three times, and place it in a 50 °C forced air oven for drying to obtain end-group modified polycarbonate.
[0036] (2) Add 1.00 g of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane with a number average molecular weight of 550 g / mol and a viscosity of 25 cSt, 0.47 g of acrylic anhydride, and 0.02 g of 4-dimethylaminopyridine into a three-mouth reactor to modify the end groups of polydimethylsiloxane. The system is heated to 50 °C under nitrogen protection and reacted for 3 h. The reaction liquid is titrated for hydroxyl value, and the titration value is unchanged. Then, an appropriate amount of dichloromethane is added to wash three times and placed in a 50 °C forced air oven for drying to obtain end-group modified polydimethylsiloxane.
[0037] (3) 19.00 g of the end-group modified polycarbonate of step (1) was mixed with 1.00 g of the end-group modified polydimethylsiloxane of step (2), and 0.08 g of azobisisobutyronitrile was added under nitrogen protection. The system was heated to 70°C for polymerization for 8 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction solution was precipitated in ethanol or methanol, and the flocculent white product was taken out, placed in a mold, and transferred to an 80°C oven for drying. After cooling, a colorless and transparent elastomer was obtained, i.e., a photovoltaic module encapsulation material, which was recorded as PPC-Si-1.
[0038] Example 2 (1) Add 20.00 g of carbon dioxide-based polycarbonate diol with a number average molecular weight of 2000 g / mol to a three-mouth reactor, remove water under reduced pressure at 100 °C for 2 h, cool to 60 °C under nitrogen protection, add 2.56 g of acrylic anhydride dropwise and stir evenly, then add 0.12 g of catalyst 4-dimethylaminopyridine, react for about 6 h to modify the end group, and titrate the reaction solution for hydroxyl value. The reaction is terminated when the titration value remains unchanged. Add appropriate amount of dichloromethane to the reaction solution, wash it three times, and place it in a 50 °C forced air oven for drying to obtain end-group modified polycarbonate.
[0039] (2) Add 2.00 g of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane with a number average molecular weight of 550 g / mol and a viscosity of 25 cSt, 0.94 g of acrylic anhydride, and 0.04 g of 4-dimethylaminopyridine into a three-mouth reactor to modify the end groups of polydimethylsiloxane. The system is heated to 50 °C under nitrogen protection and reacted for 3 h. The reaction liquid is titrated for hydroxyl value, and the titration value is unchanged. Then, an appropriate amount of dichloromethane is added to wash three times and placed in a 50 °C forced air oven for drying to obtain end-group modified polydimethylsiloxane.
[0040] (3) 18.00 g of the end-group modified polycarbonate of step (1) was mixed with 2.00 g of the end-group modified polydimethylsiloxane of step (2), and 0.08 g of azobisisobutyronitrile was added under nitrogen protection. The system was heated to 70°C for polymerization for 8 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction solution was precipitated in ethanol or methanol, and the flocculent white product was taken out, placed in a mold, and transferred to an 80°C oven for drying. After cooling, a colorless and transparent elastomer was obtained, i.e., a photovoltaic module encapsulation material, which was recorded as PPC-Si-2.
[0041] Example 3 (1) Add 10.00 g of carbon dioxide-based polycarbonate diol with a number average molecular weight of 2000 g / mol to a three-mouth reactor, remove water under reduced pressure at 100 °C for 2 h, cool to 60 °C under nitrogen protection, add 1.28 g of acrylic anhydride dropwise and stir evenly, then add 0.06 g of catalyst 4-dimethylaminopyridine, react for about 5 h to modify the end group, and titrate the reaction solution for hydroxyl value. The reaction is terminated when the titration value remains unchanged. Add appropriate amount of dichloromethane to the reaction solution, wash it three times, and place it in a 50 °C forced air oven for drying to obtain end-group modified polycarbonate.
[0042] (2) Add 1.50 g of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane with a number average molecular weight of 550 g / mol and a viscosity of 25 cSt, 0.71 g of acrylic anhydride, and 0.03 g of 4-dimethylaminopyridine into a three-mouth reactor to modify the end groups of polydimethylsiloxane. The system is heated to 50 °C under nitrogen protection and reacted for 3 h. The reaction liquid is titrated for hydroxyl value, and the titration value is unchanged. Then, an appropriate amount of dichloromethane is added to wash three times and placed in a 50 °C forced air oven for drying to obtain end-group modified polydimethylsiloxane.
[0043] (3) 8.50 g of the end-group modified polycarbonate of step (1) was mixed with 1.50 g of the end-group modified polydimethylsiloxane of step (2), and 0.04 g of azobisisobutyronitrile was added under nitrogen protection. The system was heated to 70°C for polymerization for 8 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction solution was precipitated in ethanol or methanol, and the flocculent white product was taken out, placed in a mold, and transferred to an 80°C oven for drying. After cooling, a colorless and transparent elastomer was obtained, i.e., a photovoltaic module encapsulation material, which was recorded as PPC-Si-3.
[0044] Example 4 (1) Add 10.00 g of carbon dioxide-based polycarbonate diol with a number average molecular weight of 3000 g / mol into a three-mouth reactor, remove water under reduced pressure at 100 °C for 2 h, cool to 60 °C under nitrogen protection, add 0.86 g of acrylic anhydride dropwise and stir evenly, then add 0.06 g of catalyst 4-dimethylaminopyridine, react for about 5 h to modify the end group, and titrate the reaction solution for hydroxyl value. The reaction is terminated when the titration value remains unchanged. Add appropriate amount of dichloromethane to the reaction solution, wash it three times, and place it in a 50 °C forced air oven for drying to obtain end-group modified polycarbonate.
[0045] (2) Add 1.00 g of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane with a number average molecular weight of 550 g / mol and a viscosity of 25 cSt, 0.47 g of acrylic anhydride, and 0.02 g of 4-dimethylaminopyridine into a three-mouth reactor to modify the end groups of polydimethylsiloxane. The system is heated to 50 °C under nitrogen protection and reacted for 3 h. The reaction liquid is titrated for hydroxyl value, and the titration value is unchanged. Then, an appropriate amount of dichloromethane is added to wash three times and placed in a 50 °C forced air oven for drying to obtain end-group modified polydimethylsiloxane.
[0046] (3) 9.00 g of the end-group modified polycarbonate of step (1) was mixed with 1.00 g of the end-group modified polydimethylsiloxane of step (2), and 0.04 g of azobisisobutyronitrile was added under nitrogen protection. The system was heated to 70°C for polymerization for 8 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction solution was precipitated in ethanol or methanol, and the flocculent white product was taken out, placed in a mold, and transferred to an 80°C oven for drying. After cooling, a colorless and transparent elastomer was obtained, i.e., a photovoltaic module encapsulation material, which was recorded as PPC-Si-4.
[0047] Example 5 (1) Add 10.00 g of carbon dioxide-based polycarbonate diol with a number average molecular weight of 2000 g / mol to a three-mouth reactor, remove water under reduced pressure at 100 °C for 2 h, cool to 55 °C under nitrogen protection, add 1.38 g of acrylic anhydride dropwise and stir evenly, then add 0.03 g of catalyst 4-dimethylaminopyridine, react for about 6.5 h to modify the end group, and titrate the reaction solution for hydroxyl value. The reaction is terminated when the titration value remains unchanged. Add appropriate amount of dichloromethane to the reaction solution, wash it three times, and place it in a 50 °C forced air oven for drying to obtain end-group modified polycarbonate.
[0048] (2) Add 1.00 g of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane with a number average molecular weight of 550 g / mol and a viscosity of 25 cSt, 0.5 g of acrylic anhydride, and 0.01 g of 4-dimethylaminopyridine into a three-mouth reactor to modify the end groups of polydimethylsiloxane. The system is heated to 45 °C under nitrogen protection and reacted for 3.5 h. The reaction liquid is titrated for hydroxyl value, and the titration value is unchanged. Then, an appropriate amount of dichloromethane is added to wash three times and placed in a 50 °C forced air oven for drying to obtain end-group modified polydimethylsiloxane.
[0049] (3) 9.00 g of the end-group modified polycarbonate of step (1) and 1.00 g of the end-group modified polydimethylsiloxane of step (2) were mixed, and 0.03 g of azobisisobutyronitrile was added under nitrogen protection. The system was heated to 65°C for polymerization for 8.5 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction solution was precipitated in ethanol or methanol, and the flocculent white product was taken out, placed in a mold, and transferred to an 80°C oven for drying. After cooling, a colorless and transparent elastomer was obtained, namely, the photovoltaic module encapsulation material.
[0050] Example 6 (1) Add 10.00 g of carbon dioxide-based polycarbonate diol with a number average molecular weight of 2000 g / mol to a three-mouth reactor, remove water under reduced pressure at 100 °C for 2 h, cool to 65 °C under nitrogen protection, add 1.32 g of acrylic anhydride dropwise and stir evenly, then add 0.012 g of catalyst 4-dimethylaminopyridine, react for about 5.5 h to modify the end group, and titrate the reaction solution for hydroxyl value. The reaction is terminated when the titration value remains unchanged. Add appropriate amount of dichloromethane to the reaction solution, wash it three times, and place it in a 50 °C forced air oven for drying to obtain end-group modified polycarbonate.
[0051] (2) Add 1.00 g of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane with a number average molecular weight of 550 g / mol and a viscosity of 25 cSt, 0.48 g of acrylic anhydride, and 0.045 g of 4-dimethylaminopyridine into a three-mouth reactor to modify the end groups of polydimethylsiloxane. The system is heated to 55 °C under nitrogen protection and reacted for 2.5 h. The reaction liquid is titrated for hydroxyl value, and the titration value is unchanged. Then, an appropriate amount of dichloromethane is added to wash three times and placed in a 50 °C forced air oven for drying to obtain end-group modified polydimethylsiloxane.
[0052] (3) 9.00 g of the end-group modified polycarbonate of step (1) and 1.00 g of the end-group modified polydimethylsiloxane of step (2) were mixed, and 0.05 g of azobisisobutyronitrile was added under nitrogen protection. The system was heated to 75°C for polymerization for 7.5 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction solution was precipitated in ethanol or methanol, and the flocculent white product was taken out, placed in a mold, and transferred to an 80°C oven for drying. After cooling, a colorless and transparent elastomer was obtained, namely, the photovoltaic module encapsulation material.
[0053] Comparative Example 1 Commercially available Japanese Mitsui Chemicals EVA raw material particles (VA content 32%) were used as comparison samples.
[0054] The materials of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Example 1 were placed in a mold and hot pressed to form standard samples, which were then tested according to national standards. See Table 1 for details.
[0055] Table 1 Properties of photovoltaic module encapsulation materials prepared in different embodiments Depend on Figure 2 From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that the glass transition temperature of the polycarbonate-polydimethylsiloxane system weather-resistant photovoltaic module encapsulation material prepared by the present invention is near zero degrees. Compared with the E32VA raw material, it exhibits more excellent light transmittance (380nm~1100nm) and peel strength to photovoltaic glass. In the study of UV aging resistance, its color change grade and peel strength are significantly improved.
[0056] In summary, polycarbonate and polydimethylsiloxane are added to the system of the present invention, and the structurally stable carbonate groups and silicon-carbon / oxygen bonds provide the chemical stability of the material itself. The carbonate bonds and double bond structures in the system can support the material's weather resistance, resistance to ultraviolet aging or yellowing and other properties. Based on the distribution of silicon structure hydrophobic groups in the molecular chain segments, the material's hydrolysis resistance is enhanced, and at the same time, the hydrogen bond network formed by a large number of carbonate bonds can enhance the material's bonding strength.
[0057] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.
[0058] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims
1. A method for preparing a photovoltaic module encapsulation material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Using carbon dioxide-based polycarbonate diol and acrylic anhydride as raw materials, a nucleophilic substitution reaction occurs under the action of a first catalyst to obtain a terminal-modified polycarbonate; Using hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and acrylic anhydride as raw materials, a nucleophilic substitution reaction occurs under the action of a second catalyst to obtain terminal-modified polydimethylsiloxane; The terminal group-modified polycarbonate and the terminal group-modified polydimethylsiloxane are used as raw materials, and a carbon-carbon double bond addition reaction is carried out under the action of a free radical initiator to obtain a photovoltaic module packaging material.
2. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module encapsulation material according to claim 1, characterized in that: When preparing the terminal-modified polycarbonate, the molar ratio of the carbon dioxide-based polycarbonate diol to the acrylic anhydride is 1:2-2.
2.
3. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module encapsulation material according to claim 1, characterized in that: When preparing end-group modified polycarbonate, the nucleophilic substitution reaction is carried out at 55°C~65°C for 5.5h~6.5h.
4. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module encapsulation material according to claim 1, characterized in that: When preparing the terminal-modified polydimethylsiloxane, the molar ratio of the hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane to acrylic anhydride is 1:2~2.
2.
5. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module encapsulation material according to claim 1, characterized in that: When preparing terminal-modified polydimethylsiloxane, the nucleophilic substitution reaction is carried out under a protective gas atmosphere at 45°C to 55°C for 2.5h to 3.5h.
6. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module encapsulation material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the terminal-modified polycarbonate and the terminal-modified polydimethylsiloxane, the mass percentage of the terminal-modified polycarbonate is 5% to 15%, and the mass percentage of the terminal-modified polydimethylsiloxane is 85% to 95%, which is 100% in total.
7. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module encapsulation material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon-carbon double bond addition reaction is carried out under a protective gas atmosphere at 65°C~75°C for 7.5h~8.5h.
8. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module encapsulation material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of free radical initiator added is 0.3% to 0.5% of the total mass of terminal-modified polycarbonate and terminal-modified polydimethylsiloxane; The free radical initiator is azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisisoheptanenitrile, dimethyl azobisisobutyrate, dibenzoyl peroxide or tert-butyl perbenzoate.
9. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module encapsulation material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first catalyst is 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and the amount of the first catalyst added is 5% to 20% of the molar amount of the carbon dioxide-based polycarbonate diol; The second catalyst is 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and the added amount of the second catalyst is 5% to 20% of the molar amount of the hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane.
10. A photovoltaic module encapsulation material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.