A pre-combustion device for ammonia-coal mixed combustion furnace

Abstract

The application provides an ammonia-coal mixed combustion furnace pre-combustion device, which comprises a preheating mechanism installed on one side of a furnace chamber, one end of the preheating mechanism is provided with a separation mechanism for increasing the speed and removing impurities of high-temperature flue gas in the furnace chamber, a feeding sleeve for conveying pulverized coal, ammonia and oxygen is installed at the center of the preheating mechanism, the feeding sleeve is connected with a heat exchange mechanism for rapidly preheating part of the ammonia and oxygen, the heat exchange mechanism is located in the preheating mechanism, and a plurality of turbulence mechanisms for improving the heat exchange effect are installed on the side wall of the heat exchange mechanism, one end of the heat exchange mechanism is provided with an ignition mechanism for rapidly igniting the preheated ammonia, and one end of the ignition mechanism is provided with a mixing mechanism for uniformly mixing the flame, ammonia, pulverized coal and oxygen. The ammonia-coal mixed combustion furnace pre-combustion device has the advantages of rapidly and uniformly combusting ammonia and improving combustion efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ammonia coal mixed combustion, in particular to a kind of ammonia coal mixed combustion furnace precombustion device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the enhancement of global environmental protection consciousness, reducing carbon dioxide emissions of coal-fired power generation becomes the key.Ammonia as a potential low-carbon fuel, because of its high volume energy density, low energy storage cost per unit and mature and perfect large-scale storage and transportation technology, etc., is concerned.Ammonia coal mixed combustion technology is a kind of technology that ammonia and coal are combined as mixed fuel for combustion.The core principle is to use ammonia as a carbon-free fuel, and coal is burned together to achieve the goal of low emission and high efficiency.

[0003] The ignition temperature of ammonia is high, and the flammability limit range of ammonia is narrow, and the laminar flame propagation speed is small, so there are problems of ignition difficulty and unstable combustion.In the prior art, coal powder is ignited first as the ignition source of ammonia combustion, in order to make the coal powder become a stable ignition source, the coal powder is generally subjected to self-sustaining preheating combustion treatment, which is easy to cause poor ammonia oxygen coal mixing effect, which is not conducive to ammonia combustion, and the coal powder pretreatment increases the combustion step and production cost.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new ammonia coal mixed combustion furnace precombustion device to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present application is to provide an ammonia coal mixed combustion furnace precombustion device for rapid and uniform combustion of ammonia gas and improving combustion efficiency.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the ammonia coal mixed combustion furnace precombustion device provided by the present application comprises: a preheating mechanism, the preheating mechanism is installed on one side of the furnace, one end of the preheating mechanism is provided with a separation mechanism for increasing the speed of high-temperature flue gas inside the furnace and removing impurities; a feed sleeve for conveying coal powder, ammonia gas and oxygen is installed in the middle of the inside of the preheating mechanism, the feed sleeve is communicated with a heat exchange mechanism for rapidly preheating part of the ammonia gas and oxygen, the heat exchange mechanism is located in the inside of the preheating mechanism, and a plurality of turbulence mechanisms for improving heat exchange effect are installed on the side wall of the heat exchange mechanism; one end of the heat exchange mechanism is provided with an ignition mechanism for rapidly igniting preheated ammonia gas, and one end of the ignition mechanism is provided with a mixing mechanism for mixing and uniformizing the flame, ammonia gas, coal powder and oxygen;

[0007] The preheating mechanism comprises a preheating cylinder, one side of the furnace is provided with the preheating cylinder, the side wall of the preheating cylinder is tangentially installed with the separating mechanism; one side of the preheating cylinder is fixedly connected with a partition plate, the side wall of the partition plate is installed with a plurality of first nozzles and second nozzles, one end of the second nozzle is fixedly connected with an air inlet joint with an arc-shaped side wall, and one end of the obliquely arranged air inlet joint is in a funnel-shaped structure; the heat exchange mechanism comprises a storage tube, the other end of the preheating cylinder is installed with a storage tube, and the storage tube with a funnel-shaped inner portion is communicated with the feeding sleeve; one end of the storage tube is installed with a plurality of heat exchange tubes in a spiral shape, the heat exchange tube is composed of a plurality of first connecting pipes, second connecting pipes and communicating pipes with an obliquely arranged side wall and a semi-annular shape, the inner diameter of the first connecting pipe is smaller than that of the second connecting pipe, and the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe are connected through the communicating pipe; the fixed shaft of the flow disturbing mechanism is installed with a plurality of fixed shafts and mounting pipes in the center of the side wall of the heat exchange tube, and one side of the mounting pipe connected with the heat exchange tube is in a circular truncated cone structure; the side wall of the fixed shaft is installed with a fan blade, an eccentric block and a twisted iron respectively, the eccentric block and the fixed shaft are rotatably connected in the inner portion of the mounting pipe, a plurality of twisted irons are rotatably connected in the inner portion of the heat exchange tube, and a sealing ring is installed at the connection between the fixed shaft and the heat exchange tube.

[0008] Preferably, the separating mechanism comprises a booster cylinder, one side of the furnace is provided with the booster cylinder, the inner portion of the booster cylinder is rotatably connected with a turbine, and the surface of the booster cylinder is installed with a motor for driving the turbine to rotate; the side wall of the booster cylinder is communicated with a cyclone separator, and the side wall of the cyclone separator is installed with an exhaust pipe in the center.

[0009] Preferably, the surface of the furnace is installed with a smoke exhaust pipe, and the smoke exhaust pipe is communicated with the center of the bottom surface of the booster cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the exhaust pipe is tangentially connected between the preheating cylinder, one end of the first nozzle in a funnel shape is obliquely arranged on the surface of the partition plate, and the gas outlet of the first nozzle and the air inlet of the air inlet joint are directed to the edge of the preheating cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the feeding sleeve is composed of a plurality of air inlet pipes and pulverized coal pipes, the air inlet pipes and the pulverized coal pipes are arranged alternately, and the outermost air inlet pipe is communicated with the storage tube.

[0012] Preferably, the ignition mechanism comprises a second ignition cylinder, the second ignition cylinder is fixed on the side wall of the preheating cylinder, and the inner portion of the second ignition cylinder is communicated with the pulverized coal pipe and other air inlet pipes.

[0013] Preferably, the ignition mechanism further comprises a first ignition cylinder fixedly connected at the center of the inner portion of the partition plate, and an igniter is installed in the inner portion of the first ignition cylinder; a gas inlet pipe in the shape of a funnel is installed on the side wall of the heat exchange pipe, and the gas inlet pipe is in tangential connection with the inner portion of the first ignition cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, the mixing mechanism comprises a snap ring, the inner portion of the outlet of the feed sleeve is rotatably connected with the snap ring, and the snap ring in the shape of a circle is fixedly connected with a fixed ring; a plurality of protrusions are obliquely installed on the side wall of the fixed ring, and the protrusions are located at the outlet of the first ignition cylinder; a mixing ring in the shape of a spiral is fixedly connected on the side wall of the fixed ring, and the diameter of the mixing ring gradually decreases towards the outlet of the second ignition cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the inner portion of the first ignition cylinder and the second ignition cylinder are in the shape of a funnel, and the inner portion of the second ignition cylinder is rotatably connected with the mixing ring.

[0016] Compared with the related art, the pre-combustion device of the ammonia-coal mixed combustion furnace has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The pre-combustion device of the ammonia-coal mixed combustion furnace provided by the application has the following beneficial effects: Figure 3As shown, increasing the flow velocity of the gas around the heat exchange tube allows more high-temperature flue gas to contact the sidewall of the heat exchange tube and directly impact the surface of the heat exchange tube, thus increasing the convective heat transfer coefficient. During the flow of air at the center of the heat exchange tube, the flue gas drives the fan blades, the fixed shaft, the eccentric block, and the twisted iron to rotate. The twisted iron rotates inside the heat exchange tube, enhancing the airflow disturbance inside the heat exchange tube and simultaneously disrupting the flow boundary layer inside the heat exchange tube, thereby increasing heat transfer. At the same time, the airflow direction generated by the fan blade rotation is different from the flue gas flow direction, disturbing the gas flowing at the center of the heat exchange tube, further improving the heat exchange efficiency between the flue gas and the gas inside the heat exchange tube. During the rotation of the fixed shaft, the eccentric block is driven to rotate... The rapid rotation of the mounting tube generates centrifugal force, which is then transmitted to the mounting tube and the heat exchange tube via the fixed shaft. This causes the elastic heat exchange tube to vibrate slightly inside the preheating cylinder, facilitating the removal of dust adsorbed on its surface and preventing excessive dust buildup that could affect heat exchange efficiency. Furthermore, the continuous vibration of the heat exchange tube disturbs the gas flow boundary layer, further improving heat exchange efficiency and increasing the temperature of the gas inside the tube. The high-temperature flue gas rapidly heats a portion of the oxygen and ammonia, increasing their temperature and facilitating rapid ignition of the ammonia within the ignition mechanism. The ignited ammonia then ignites the remaining ammonia and coal powder within the ignition mechanism, improving fuel combustion efficiency without requiring additional combustion. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the pre-combustion device for an ammonia-coal mixed combustion furnace provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows an enlarged view of the structure at point A.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the airflow around the heat exchange tubes.

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The diagram shows an enlarged view of the structure at point B.

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 2 The side view of the air intake connector structure shown;

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The diagram shows a top view of the air intake connector structure.

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 2The side view of the heat exchanger tube structure shown;

[0025] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shows an enlarged view of the structure at point C.

[0026] Figure 9 for Figure 2 The side view of the hybrid ring structure shown.

[0027] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Furnace; 11. Exhaust pipe; 2. Separation mechanism; 21. Motor; 22. Booster cylinder; 23. Turbine; 24. Cyclone separator; 25. Exhaust pipe; 3. Feed sleeve; 31. Air inlet pipe; 32. Pulverized coal pipe; 4. Preheating mechanism; 41. Preheating cylinder; 42. Baffle plate; 43. First nozzle; 44. Second nozzle; 45. Air inlet connector; 5. Heat exchange mechanism; 51. Storage pipe; 52. Heat exchange tube; 521. 522. First connecting pipe, 523. Connecting pipe, 53. Air inlet pipe, 6. Turbulence mechanism, 61. Fan blade, 62. Mounting pipe, 63. Fixed shaft, 64. Eccentric block, 65. Twisted iron, 66. Sealing ring, 7. Ignition mechanism, 71. Igniter, 72. First ignition tube, 73. Second ignition tube, 8. Mixing mechanism, 81. Mixing ring, 82. Fixed ring, 83. Protrusion, 84. Snap ring, 9. Flue gas pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] Please see Figures 1-9 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the pre-combustion device for an ammonia-coal mixed combustion furnace provided by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows an enlarged view of the structure at point A. Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the airflow around the heat exchange tubes. Figure 4 for Figure 2 The diagram shows an enlarged view of the structure at point B. Figure 5 for Figure 2 The side view of the air intake connector structure shown; Figure 6 for Figure 5 The diagram shows a top view of the air intake connector structure.

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 2 The side view of the heat exchanger tube structure shown; Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shows an enlarged view of the structure at point C.

[0031] Figure 9 for Figure 2The mixed ring structure side view is shown. The ammonia coal mixed combustion furnace pre-combustion device comprises: a preheating mechanism 4 installed on one side of the furnace 1, one end of the preheating mechanism 4 is installed for the separation mechanism 2 for increasing the speed of the high-temperature flue gas inside the furnace 1; the separation mechanism 2 comprises a booster cylinder 22, one side of the furnace 1 is provided with a booster cylinder 22, the inside of the booster cylinder 22 is rotatably connected with a turbine 23, and the surface of the booster cylinder 22 is provided with a motor 21 for driving the turbine 23 to rotate; the side wall of the booster cylinder 22 is communicated with a cyclone separator 24, and the side wall of the cyclone separator 24 is centrally provided with an exhaust pipe 25. The surface of the furnace 1 is provided with a smoke pipe 11, and the smoke pipe 11 is communicated with the bottom surface of the booster cylinder 22. When the fuel is burned in the furnace 1, the high-temperature flue gas generated in the combustion process is discharged through the smoke pipe 11, part of the flue gas enters the inside of the booster cylinder 22, at this time the motor 21 drives the turbine 23 to rotate rapidly in the booster cylinder 22, increases the flow rate of the flue gas, makes the flue gas rapidly enter the inside of the cyclone separator 24, most of the dust in the flue gas deposits in the inside of the cyclone separator 24, and the dust-removed flue gas rapidly enters the inside of the preheating cylinder 41 through the exhaust pipe 25.

[0032] The feed sleeve 3 is communicated with a heat exchange mechanism 5 for rapidly preheating part of ammonia and oxygen, the preheating mechanism 4 comprises a preheating cylinder 41, one side of the hearth 1 is provided with the preheating cylinder 41, the side wall of the preheating cylinder 41 is tangentially installed with the separation mechanism 2; one side of the preheating cylinder 41 is fixedly connected with a partition plate 42, the side wall of the partition plate 42 is installed with a plurality of first spray pipes 43 and second spray pipes 44, one end of the second spray pipe 44 is fixedly connected with an air inlet joint 45 with an arc-shaped side wall, and one end of the obliquely arranged air inlet joint 45 is in a funnel-shaped structure; the first spray pipe 43 with one end in a funnel shape is obliquely arranged on the surface of the partition plate 42, and the gas outlet of the first spray pipe 43 and the air inlet of the air inlet joint 45 are directed to the edge of the preheating cylinder 41, and the exhaust pipe 25 is tangentially connected with the preheating cylinder 41; the flue gas in the exhaust pipe 25 rapidly flows into the inside of the preheating cylinder 41 from the tangential direction, so that the gas rapidly rotates clockwise in the preheating cylinder 41, the partition plate 42 blocks the flue gas, so that the flue gas is sprayed out through the spray pipe, the side wall of the air inlet joint 45 is arc-shaped and directed to the edge of the preheating cylinder 41, so that the flue gas rotating in the preheating cylinder 41 rapidly enters the inside of the air inlet joint 45, the flue gas in the inside of the air inlet joint 45 with a funnel-shaped inside is accelerated and turned to be sprayed to the center of the heat exchange pipe 52 through the second spray pipe 44, and the flue gas sprayed out of the first spray pipe 43 obliquely flows to the inner side wall of the preheating cylinder 41, so that the flue gas rotates along the inner side wall of the preheating cylinder 41, the contact probability between the flue gas and the heat exchange pipe 52 is improved, and the airflow in the inside of the heat exchange pipe 52 is heated; one end of the preheating cylinder 41 is installed with a flue gas pipe 9, so that the flue gas in the inside of the preheating cylinder 41 is discharged through the flue gas pipe 9.

[0033] The heat exchange mechanism 5 is located inside the preheating mechanism 4, the heat exchange mechanism 5 includes a storage tube 51, the other end of the preheating cylinder 41 is installed with the storage tube 51, the inside of the funnel-shaped storage tube 51 is communicated with the feeding sleeve 3; one end of the storage tube 51 is installed with a plurality of spiral heat exchange tubes 52, when the gas flow formed by mixing ammonia and oxygen enters the inside of the storage tube 51, one end of the storage tube 51 is installed with a plurality of spiral heat exchange tubes 52, the gas flow is divided into a plurality of heat exchange tubes 52, the heat exchange efficiency of the gas flow in the preheating cylinder 41 is accelerated, and the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube 41 is much smaller than the inner diameter of the storage tube 51, the flow rate of the gas flow in the heat exchange tube 52 is increased, the gas flow rotates and flows along the heat exchange tube 52 quickly, the gas flow forms a turbulent flow in the heat exchange tube, thereby further improving the heat exchange efficiency, the gas flow rotates in the heat exchange tube 52, and the heat exchange distance of the gas flow is increased; the heat exchange tube 52 is composed of a plurality of first connecting pipes 521, second connecting pipes 522 and communication pipes 523 which are arranged in an inclined manner and have a semi-ring shape, the inner diameter of the first connecting pipe 521 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second connecting pipe 522, and adjacent first connecting pipes 521 and second connecting pipes 522 are connected through the communication pipe 523, because the inner diameters of the connecting pipes are different, when the gas flow flows in the connecting pipe, the inner diameter of the connecting pipe changes the flow rate of the gas flow in the connecting pipe, and the gas flow in the connecting pipe is disturbed, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the gas flow in the heat exchange tube 52 and increasing the temperature of the gas in the heat exchange tube 52; when the gas flow flows in the heat exchange tube 52, the flue gas sprayed from the second nozzle 44 flows quickly at the center of the heat exchange tube 52, according to Bernoulli's principle, the flue gas flowing quickly at the center of the second nozzle 44 generates suction, the flue gas at the edge of the preheating cylinder 41 moves towards the heat exchange tube 52 (as shown in the figure, the dashed arrow in the figure is the movement direction of the flue gas), the flow rate of the gas around the heat exchange tube 52 is increased, more high-temperature flue gas contacts the side wall of the heat exchange tube 52, and the flue gas directly impacts the surface of the heat exchange tube, the convective heat transfer coefficient is increased, and the gas flow in the heat exchange tube 52 is heated. Figure 3

[0034] ​The preheating mechanism 4 is internally installed with a feed sleeve 3 for conveying pulverized coal, ammonia gas and oxygen, and the side wall of the heat exchange mechanism 5 is installed with a plurality of turbulence mechanisms 6 for improving the heat exchange effect; the turbulence mechanism 6 comprises a fixed shaft 63, a plurality of fixed shafts 63 and mounting tubes 62 are installed at the center of the side wall of the heat exchange tube 52, the side of the mounting tube 62 connected with the heat exchange tube 52 is in a circular truncated cone structure, the contact area of the mounting tube 62 with the heat exchange tube 52 is increased, and the stability of the mounting tube 62 on the side wall of the heat exchange tube 52 is improved; the side wall of the fixed shaft 63 is respectively installed with a fan blade 61, an eccentric block 64 and a twisted iron 65, the inside of the mounting tube 62 is rotatably connected with the eccentric block 64 and the fixed shaft 63, and a plurality of twisted irons 65 are rotatably connected inside the heat exchange tube 52, a sealing ring 66 is installed at the connection between the fixed shaft 63 and the heat exchange tube 52, in order to increase the sealing performance of the connection between the fixed shaft 63 and the heat exchange tube 52, and to avoid air leakage inside the heat exchange tube 52. During the flow of the gas at the center of the heat exchange tube 52, the flue gas sprayed from the second nozzle 44 pushes the fan blade 61, the fixed shaft 63, the eccentric block 64 and the twisted iron 65 to rotate, the twisted iron 65 rotates inside the heat exchange tube 52, which enhances the disturbance of the gas flow inside the heat exchange tube 52 and at the same time destroys the flow boundary layer inside the heat exchange tube 52 to increase heat transfer. At the same time, the movement direction of the gas flow generated by the rotation of the fan blade 61 is different from the flow direction of the flue gas, which disturbs the gas flowing at the center of the heat exchange tube 52, further improving the heat exchange efficiency between the flue gas and the gas inside the heat exchange tube 52; the eccentric block 64 is driven to rotate rapidly in the mounting tube 62 during the rotation of the fixed shaft 63, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the eccentric block 64 is excited to the mounting tube 62 and the heat exchange tube 52 through the fixed shaft 63, so that the heat exchange tube 52 with elasticity slightly vibrates inside the preheating cylinder 41, which facilitates the removal of the smoke dust adsorbed on the surface of the heat exchange tube 52, avoids the influence of a large amount of smoke dust adsorbed inside the heat exchange tube 52 on the heat exchange efficiency, and the vibration of the heat exchange tube 52 continuously disturbs the flow boundary layer of the gas, further improves the heat exchange efficiency, and increases the temperature of the gas inside the heat exchange tube 52.

[0035] One end of the heat exchange mechanism 5 is the ignition mechanism 7 for rapidly igniting the preheated ammonia gas, the ignition mechanism 7 further comprises a first ignition cylinder 72 fixedly connected at the inside center of the baffle 42, an igniter 71 is installed inside the first ignition cylinder 72; a funnel-shaped gas inlet pipe 53 is installed on the side wall of the heat exchange pipe 52, and the gas inlet pipe 53 is obliquely tangent to the inside of the first ignition cylinder 72; the heated ammonia gas and oxygen enter the inside of the first ignition cylinder 72 from the tangent direction through the gas inlet pipe 53, so that the airflow continuously rotates in the first ignition cylinder 72 to form a rotational flow, and the ammonia gas and oxygen are mixed more uniformly, and the igniter 71 rapidly ignites the uniformly mixed and sufficiently heated ammonia gas and oxygen, so that the ammonia gas is subjected to primary combustion in the first ignition cylinder 72.

[0036] The ignition mechanism 7 comprises a second ignition cylinder 73 fixed on the side wall of the preheating cylinder 41, and the inside of the second ignition cylinder 73 is in communication with the coal powder pipe 32 and the other gas inlet pipe 31; the inside of the first ignition cylinder 72 and the second ignition cylinder 73 are both funnel-shaped structures; when the ignited ammonia gas enters the inside of the second ignition cylinder 73 through the first ignition cylinder 72, the flow rate of the ignited ammonia gas is large and it converges to the center of the funnel-shaped second ignition cylinder 73; at this time, the coal powder and the remaining ammonia gas enter the inside of the second ignition cylinder 73, the ignited ammonia gas pushes the coal powder, the remaining ammonia gas and oxygen to converge to the center of the second ignition cylinder 73, so that they are rapidly mixed and ignited; the ignited coal powder and ammonia gas are sprayed into the inside of the furnace 1 through the second ignition cylinder 73, so that the secondary combustion of the coal powder and ammonia gas is realized, and the ignition efficiency is improved.

[0037] One end of the ignition mechanism 7 is a mixing mechanism 8 that mixes the flame, ammonia, coal powder and oxygen evenly; the mixing mechanism 8 comprises a snap ring 84, the inside of the discharge port of the feed sleeve 3 is rotatably connected with the snap ring 84, the cross section of the snap ring 84 is circular and fixedly connected with a fixed ring 82; the sidewall of the fixed ring 82 is obliquely provided with a plurality of protrusions 83, the protrusions 83 are located at the outlet of the first ignition cylinder 72; the sidewall of the fixed ring 82 is fixedly connected with a mixing ring 81 in the shape of a spiral, and the diameter of the mixing ring 81 gradually decreases towards the direction of the outlet of the second ignition cylinder 73; the inside of the second ignition cylinder 73 is rotatably connected with the mixing ring 81; when the ignited ammonia flows inside the first ignition cylinder 72, the ammonia slides along the sidewall of the obliquely arranged protrusions 83, thereby pushing the protrusions 83, the fixed ring 82 and the mixing ring 82 to rotate, the mixing ring 82 is in the shape of a spiral and its diameter gradually decreases towards the direction of the outlet of the second ignition cylinder 73, the coal powder, ammonia and oxygen sprayed from the inside of the feed sleeve 3 enter the inside of the mixing ring 82, the rotation of the mixing ring 82 mixes the three, and the rotation of the spiral-shaped mixing ring 82 makes the coal powder, ammonia and oxygen gradually converge to the center of the inside of the second ignition cylinder 73, the three collide with each other and mix, thereby mixing the coal powder, ammonia and oxygen evenly.

[0038] The feed sleeve 3 is sleeved with a plurality of air inlet pipes 31 and coal powder pipes 32, the air inlet pipes 31 and the coal powder pipes 32 are arranged alternately, the outermost air inlet pipe 31 is in communication with the storage pipe 51, the inside of the air inlet pipe 31 conveys the mixture of oxygen and ammonia, so as to continuously convey the coal powder, ammonia and oxygen to the inside of the hearth 1.

[0039] The use principle of the pre-combustion device of the ammonia-coal mixed combustion furnace is as follows: coal powder, ammonia gas and oxygen are continuously fed into the furnace 1 through the feeding sleeve 3, fuel is combusted in the furnace 1 to generate high-temperature flue gas, the high-temperature flue gas is discharged through the flue gas discharge pipe 11, part of the flue gas enters the inside of the booster cylinder 22, at this time, the motor 21 drives the turbine 23 to rotate rapidly in the booster cylinder 22, the flow rate of the flue gas is increased, the flue gas rapidly enters the inside of the cyclone separator 24, most of the dust in the flue gas is deposited in the inside of the cyclone separator 24, the dust-removed flue gas is rapidly injected into the inside of the preheating cylinder 41 from the tangent direction through the exhaust pipe 25, the gas rotates clockwise rapidly in the inside of the preheating cylinder 41, the baffle 42 blocks the flue gas, the flue gas is sprayed through the spray pipe, the side wall of the gas inlet joint 45 is arc-shaped and faces the edge of the preheating cylinder 41, the flue gas rotating in the inside of the preheating cylinder 41 rapidly enters the inside of the gas inlet joint 45, the flow rate of the gas in the inside of the funnel-shaped gas inlet joint 45 is increased, the gas is sprayed to the center of the heat exchange pipe 52 through the second spray pipe 44 after being turned, and the flue gas sprayed from the first spray pipe 43 obliquely hits the inner side wall of the preheating cylinder 41, so that the flue gas rotates along the inner side wall of the preheating cylinder 41, the contact probability between the flue gas and the heat exchange pipe 52 is increased, and the airflow in the inside of the heat exchange pipe 52 is heated. The airflow formed by the mixture of ammonia gas and oxygen in the inside of the outermost gas inlet pipe 31 enters the inside of the storage pipe 51, one end of the storage pipe 51 is provided with a plurality of spiral heat exchange pipes 52, the airflow is branched into the inside of the plurality of heat exchange pipes 52, the heat exchange efficiency of the airflow in the inside of the preheating cylinder 41 is increased, the inner diameter of the heat exchange pipe 41 is much smaller than the inner diameter of the storage pipe 51, the flow rate of the airflow in the inside of the heat exchange pipe 52 is increased, the airflow rapidly rotates and flows along the heat exchange pipe 52, the airflow forms a turbulent flow in the heat exchange pipe, so that the heat exchange efficiency is further increased, the airflow spirally rotates in the inside of the heat exchange pipe 52, and the heat exchange distance of the airflow is increased. When the airflow flows in the inside of the heat exchange pipe 52, the flue gas sprayed from the second spray pipe 44 rapidly flows in the center of the heat exchange pipe 52, according to the Bernoulli principle, the flue gas rapidly flowing in the center of the second spray pipe 44 generates suction, the flue gas at the edge of the inside of the preheating cylinder 41 moves towards the heat exchange pipe 52, the flow rate of the gas around the heat exchange pipe 52 is increased, more high-temperature flue gas contacts the side wall of the heat exchange pipe 52, the flue gas directly impacts the surface of the heat exchange pipe, the convective heat transfer coefficient is increased, and the airflow in the inside of the heat exchange pipe 52 is heated.As the airflow flows through the center of the heat exchange tube 52, the flue gas ejected from the second nozzle 44 drives the fan blades 61, the fixed shaft 63, the eccentric block 64, and the twisted iron 65 to rotate. The twisted iron 65 rotates inside the heat exchange tube 52, enhancing the airflow disturbance inside the heat exchange tube 52 and simultaneously disrupting the flow boundary layer inside the heat exchange tube 52, thereby increasing heat transfer. At the same time, the airflow generated by the rotation of the fan blades 61 moves in a different direction than the flue gas flow, disturbing the gas flowing at the center of the heat exchange tube 52 and further improving the heat exchange efficiency between the flue gas and the gas inside the heat exchange tube 52. During the rotation of the fixed shaft 63, the eccentric block 64 is driven to rotate rapidly on the mounting tube 62. The centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the eccentric block 64 is used as an excitation force, which is transmitted to the mounting tube 62 and the heat exchange tube 52 through the fixed shaft 63. This causes the elastic heat exchange tube 52 to vibrate slightly inside the preheating cylinder 41, which helps to remove the dust adsorbed on the surface of the heat exchange tube 52 and avoids the large amount of dust adsorbed inside the heat exchange tube 52 from affecting the heat exchange efficiency. In addition, the vibration of the heat exchange tube 52 continuously disturbs the flow boundary layer of the gas, further improving the heat exchange efficiency and increasing the temperature of the gas inside the heat exchange tube 52. The heated ammonia and oxygen inside the heat exchange tube 52 enter the first ignition cylinder 72 tangentially through the inlet pipe 53, causing the airflow to continuously rotate and form a vortex inside the first ignition cylinder 72, making the ammonia and oxygen mix more evenly. The igniter 71 rapidly ignites the evenly mixed and fully heated ammonia and oxygen, allowing the ammonia to undergo primary combustion inside the first ignition cylinder 72. As the ignited ammonia flows inside the first ignition cylinder 72, it slides over the side wall of the inclined protrusion 83, thereby pushing the protrusion 83, the fixing ring 82, and the mixing ring 82 to rotate. The mixing ring 82 is spiral-shaped, and its diameter gradually decreases towards the outlet of the second ignition cylinder 73. Coal powder, ammonia, and oxygen are ejected from inside the feed sleeve 3. Gas enters the interior of the mixing ring 82, which rotates to mix the three gases. The spiral-shaped mixing ring 82 rotates, causing the pulverized coal, ammonia, and oxygen to gradually converge towards the center of the second ignition cylinder 73. The three gases collide and mix with each other, making the pulverized coal, ammonia, and oxygen uniformly mixed. The ignited ammonia gas has a high flow rate and converges to the center of the funnel-shaped second ignition cylinder 73. At this time, the pulverized coal and the remaining ammonia gas enter the interior of the second ignition cylinder 73. The ignited ammonia gas pushes the pulverized coal, the remaining ammonia, and oxygen towards the center of the second ignition cylinder 73, causing them to mix rapidly and ignite. The ignited pulverized coal and ammonia gas are then injected into the interior of the furnace 1 through the second ignition cylinder 73, achieving secondary combustion of pulverized coal and ammonia gas, accelerating ignition and fuel combustion efficiency.

[0040] The above merely illustrates the embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process conversion, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, which is made according to the content of the present application, shall be included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An ammonia-coal mixed combustion furnace precombustion device, characterized by, The utility model relates to a kind of high-temperature ammonia gas combustion device, including: Preheating mechanism (4), preheating mechanism (4) is installed in one side of hearth (1), one end of preheating mechanism (4) is installed for the separation mechanism (2) of the high-temperature flue gas of inside hearth (1) speed increase impurity removal; The inside of preheating mechanism (4) is installed for feeding bushing (3) used to transport coal powder, ammonia gas and oxygen in the middle, feeding bushing (3) is communicated for the heat exchange mechanism (5) used to carry out rapid preheating to part ammonia gas and oxygen, heat exchange mechanism (5) is located in the inside of preheating mechanism (4), and the side wall of heat exchange mechanism (5) is installed multiple turbulence mechanism (6) for improving heat exchange effect;The one end of heat exchange mechanism (5) is ignited mechanism (7) that ammonia gas is rapidly ignited after preheating, and the one end of ignition mechanism (7) is mixed mechanism (8) that flame, ammonia gas, coal powder and oxygen are mixed evenly; Preheating mechanism (4) includes preheating cylinder (41), one side of hearth (1) is equipped with preheating cylinder (41), the side wall of preheating cylinder (41) is tangentially installed separation mechanism (2);One side of preheating cylinder (41) is fixedly connected with baffle (42), the side wall of baffle (42) is installed multiple first nozzle (43) and second nozzle (44), one end of second nozzle (44) is fixedly connected with air inlet connector (45) with arc-shaped side wall, and one end of the obliquely arranged air inlet connector (45) is in funnel structure; Heat exchange mechanism (5) includes storage tube (51), the other end of preheating cylinder (41) is installed storage tube (51), and the inside of funnel-shaped storage tube (51) is communicated with feeding bushing (3);One end of storage tube (51) is installed multiple heat exchange tubes (52) in spiral shape, the heat exchange tube (52) is composed of multiple first connecting pipe (521), second connecting pipe (522) and communication pipe (523) with obliquely arranged side wall and semicircular shape, the inner diameter of first connecting pipe (521) is less than the inner diameter of second connecting pipe (522), and adjacent first connecting pipe (521) and second connecting pipe (522) are connected by communication pipe (523); Turbulence mechanism (6) includes fixed shaft (63), the side wall of heat exchange tube (52) is installed multiple fixed shaft (63) and mounting pipe (62) in the middle, the side of mounting pipe (62) connected with heat exchange tube (52) is in circular truncated cone structure;The side wall of fixed shaft (63) is respectively installed fan blade (61), eccentric block (64) and twisted iron (65), the inside of mounting pipe (62) is rotatably connected with eccentric block (64) and fixed shaft (63), and the inside of heat exchange tube (52) is rotatably connected with multiple twisted iron (65), and sealing ring (66) is installed in the connection of fixed shaft (63) and heat exchange tube (52).

2. The ammonia-coal hybrid combustion furnace precombustion device according to claim 1, characterized by, The separation mechanism (2) comprises a booster cylinder (22), one side of the furnace (1) is provided with the booster cylinder (22), the inside of the booster cylinder (22) is rotatably connected with a turbine (23), and the surface of the booster cylinder (22) is provided with a motor (21) for driving the turbine (23) to rotate; the side wall of the booster cylinder (22) is communicated with a cyclone separator (24), and the side wall of the cyclone separator (24) is provided with an exhaust pipe (25) at the middle position.

3. The ammonia-coal hybrid combustion furnace precombustion device according to claim 2, characterized by, The surface of the furnace (1) is provided with a smoke exhaust pipe (11), and the smoke exhaust pipe (11) is communicated with the middle of the bottom surface of the booster cylinder (22).

4. The ammonia-coal hybrid combustion furnace precombustion device according to claim 2, characterized by, The exhaust pipe (25) is tangentially connected with the preheating cylinder (41), the first nozzle (43) with one end in the shape of a funnel is arranged on the surface of the baffle (42) in an inclined manner, and the gas outlet of the first nozzle (43) and the gas inlet of the gas inlet connector (45) are directed to the edge of the preheating cylinder (41).

5. The ammonia-coal hybrid combustion furnace precombustion device according to claim 1, characterized by, The feeding sleeve (3) is formed by sleeving a plurality of gas inlet pipes (31) and pulverized coal pipes (32), the gas inlet pipes (31) and the pulverized coal pipes (32) are arranged alternately, and the outermost gas inlet pipe (31) is communicated with the storage pipe (51).

6. The ammonia-coal hybrid combustion furnace precombustion device according to claim 5, characterized by, The ignition mechanism (7) comprises a second ignition cylinder (73), the second ignition cylinder (73) is fixed to the side wall of the preheating cylinder (41), and the inside of the second ignition cylinder (73) is communicated with the pulverized coal pipe (32) and other gas inlet pipes (31).

7. The ammonia-coal hybrid combustion furnace precombustion device according to claim 6, characterized by, The ignition mechanism (7) further comprises a first ignition cylinder (72), the first ignition cylinder (72) is fixedly connected to the middle of the inside of the baffle (42), and the inside of the first ignition cylinder (72) is provided with an igniter (71); the side wall of the heat exchange pipe (52) is provided with a funnel-shaped gas inlet pipe (53) in an inclined and tangential manner, and the gas inlet pipe (53) is communicated with the inside of the first ignition cylinder (72).

8. The ammonia-coal hybrid combustion furnace precombustion device according to claim 7, characterized by, The mixing mechanism (8) comprises a snap ring (84), the inside of the discharge port of the feeding sleeve (3) is rotatably connected with the snap ring (84), the cross section of the snap ring (84) is circular, and the snap ring (84) is fixedly connected between the fixed ring (82); the side wall of the fixed ring (82) is provided with a plurality of protrusions (83) in an inclined manner, the protrusions (83) are located at the outlet of the first ignition cylinder (72); the side wall of the fixed ring (82) is fixedly connected with a mixing ring (81) in the shape of a spiral, and the diameter of the mixing ring (81) gradually decreases towards the outlet of the second ignition cylinder (73).

9. The ammonia-coal hybrid combustion furnace precombustion device according to claim 8, characterized by, The inside of the first ignition cylinder (72) and the second ignition cylinder (73) are both in the shape of a funnel, and the inside of the second ignition cylinder (73) is rotatably connected with the mixing ring (81).

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