Method for testing the moisture resistance of clothing using a dry heat manikin

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of clothing comfort evaluation, and in particular to a method for testing clothing moisture resistance using a dry-heat heating manikin. The method comprises the following steps: completely covering the surface of the dry-heat heating manikin with a moist skin garment to simulate a sweating skin layer on the surface of human skin; setting environmental parameters according to the actual environment to be simulated, and setting a heating mode of the dry-heat heating manikin according to the environmental parameters to simulate a thermal interaction process between the human body and the external environment; determining a stable operating period of the dry-heat heating manikin according to the intersection of a stable operating period of the skin garment surface temperature and a stable operating period of heating power of various parts of the dry-heat heating manikin; collecting the thermal environment parameters and dry-heat heating manikin parameters during the stable operating period of the dry-heat heating manikin, and obtaining the total thermal resistance of the clothing, the water vapor partial pressure on the surface of the skin garment, and the water vapor partial pressure of ambient air; and obtaining the clothing moisture resistance, thereby achieving the technical effect of enabling the dry-heat heating manikin to simulate an environment where sweat evaporation occurs and accurately testing the clothing moisture resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of clothing comfort evaluation, and in particular to a method for testing clothing moisture resistance using a dry-heat manikin. Background Art

[0002] In the research and production of clothing, clothing moisture resistance is one of the key indicators for measuring clothing comfort. Clothing moisture resistance refers to the resistance of clothing to water vapor transmission and evaporative heat dissipation, and is one of the important indicators for measuring clothing thermal comfort. It reflects the clothing's ability to hinder sweat evaporation under different environmental conditions, affecting human comfort. Traditional clothing moisture resistance testing methods have certain limitations. For example, the use of real people for testing leads to poor repeatability of test results due to individual differences. Dry heat manikins are used for testing. Since dry heat manikins do not sweat, they mainly simulate the heat generation and dissipation process of the human body through an internal heating system. At the same time, the definition of clothing moisture resistance shows that the prerequisite for testing clothing moisture resistance is to simulate the environment of sweat evaporation. Therefore, existing dry heat manikins cannot simulate the environment of sweat evaporation and cannot accurately reflect the moisture transfer performance of clothing during actual wear, resulting in the difficulty of clothing moisture resistance testing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for testing the moisture resistance of clothing using a dry heat manikin, so as to achieve the technical effect of enabling the dry heat manikin to simulate an environment where sweat evaporation occurs and accurately test the moisture resistance of clothing.

[0004] A first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for performing a clothing moisture resistance test using a dry heat manikin, comprising:

[0005] S1. Completely covering the surface of the dry heat manikin with a wet skin coat to simulate a sweating skin layer on the surface of human skin;

[0006] S2. Setting environmental parameters according to the actual environment to be simulated, and setting a heating mode of the dry-heat manikin according to the environmental parameters to simulate the thermal interaction process between the human body and the external environment;

[0007] S3. Determine the stable period of operation of the dry heat manikin based on the intersection of the stable period of the skin suit surface temperature and the stable period of the heating power of each part of the dry heat manikin;

[0008] S4. Collecting the thermal environment parameters and dry heat warm manikin parameters during the stable period of the dry heat warm manikin operation, and obtaining the total thermal resistance of the clothing, the water vapor partial pressure on the surface of the skin clothing, and the water vapor partial pressure of the ambient air;

[0009] S5. Obtain the moisture resistance of the clothing.

[0010] Preferably, the step S1 includes: S11, completely soaking the skin garment with distilled water having the same temperature as the surface temperature of the dry-heat manikin and placing the skin garment therein; S12, measuring the moisture content of the skin garment during the placement period, and when the moisture content of the skin garment is greater than or equal to 80% and the skin garment no longer drips water, the skin garment meets the test conditions; S13, tightly fitting the skin garment to the surface of the dry-heat manikin.

[0011] Preferably, the step S2 includes: S21, setting the ambient air temperature, ambient relative humidity and ambient wind speed according to the actual environment to be simulated, and making the fluctuation of the set ambient air temperature less than or equal to 0.5°C, the fluctuation of the ambient relative humidity less than or equal to 5%, and the fluctuation of the ambient wind speed less than or equal to 0.1m / s; S22, when the fluctuation of the set ambient air temperature, the fluctuation of the ambient relative humidity and the fluctuation of the ambient wind speed are less than the limit values, setting the skin temperature of the dry-heat warming manikin accordingly according to the actual environment to be simulated, and making the dry-heat warming manikin heated in a constant heating mode.

[0012] Preferably, step S3 includes:

[0013] S31, the skin clothing surface temperature stabilization period is determined based on the skin clothing surface temperature fluctuation rate, and the skin clothing surface temperature fluctuation rate is obtained by the following calculation formula;

[0014]

[0015] where ξ i is the temperature fluctuation rate of the skin surface, %; T skc,t is the surface temperature of the skin at each time point, ℃; T skc,1 is the surface temperature of the skin corresponding to the initial moment in the selected time period, ℃.

[0016] S32, the heating power stabilization period of each part of the dry heat warming manikin is determined based on the heating power fluctuation rate of each part of the dry heat warming manikin, and the heating power fluctuation rate of each part of the dry heat warming manikin is obtained by the following calculation formula;

[0017]

[0018] where σ i is the heating power fluctuation rate of each part of the dry heat manikin, %; H i,t The heating power of each part of the dry heat manikin at each time point, W·m -2 ;H i,o is the heating power of each part of the dry-heat manikin corresponding to the initial moment in the selected time period, W·m -2 .

[0019] Preferably, the thermal environment parameters include ambient air temperature and ambient relative humidity, and the dry heat warming manikin parameters include heating power of various parts of the dry heat warming manikin, dry heat warming manikin skin temperature and skin clothing surface temperature.

[0020] Preferably, the total thermal resistance of the clothing is obtained by the following calculation formula:

[0021]

[0022] Among them, I t is the total thermal resistance of clothing, ℃·m 2 W -1 ;f i is the area weighting coefficient of the body part of the dry heat manikin, f i =A i / A,A i is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin's body parts, A is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin's entire body; H ei The heating power of each part of the dry heat manikin without skin clothing, W / m 2 ;T sk,i is the skin temperature of the dry heat manikin, ℃; T o is the ambient air temperature, ℃.

[0023] Preferably, the water vapor partial pressure on the surface of the skin garment is obtained by the following calculation formula:

[0024]

[0025] Among them, P sk is the partial pressure of water vapor on the surface of the skin, kPa; T skc is the surface temperature of the skin, ℃;

[0026] The ambient air water vapor partial pressure is obtained by the following calculation formula:

[0027]

[0028] Among them, P a is the water vapor partial pressure of ambient air, kPa; T o is the ambient air temperature, °C; RH is the ambient relative humidity, %.

[0029] Preferably, the clothing moisture resistance includes the total clothing moisture resistance and the inherent clothing moisture resistance, and the total clothing moisture resistance is obtained by the following calculation formula:

[0030]

[0031] Among them, I et is the total moisture resistance of clothing, kPa·m2 W -1 ;E sk is the evaporative heat loss from the surface of the dry heat manikin, W / m 2 ;P sk is the partial pressure of water vapor on the surface of the skin, kPa; P a is the water vapor partial pressure of ambient air, kPa; f i is the area weighting coefficient of the body part of the dry heat manikin, f i =A i / A,A i is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin's body part, m 2 , A is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin, m 2 ;H i Heating power of each part of the dry heat manikin, W / m 2 ;T skc,i is the surface temperature of the skin, ℃; T o is the ambient air temperature, ℃; I t is the total thermal resistance of clothing, ℃·m 2 W -1 ;

[0032] The inherent moisture resistance of the garment is obtained by the following calculation formula:

[0033]

[0034] Among them, I ecl is the inherent moisture resistance of clothing, kPa·m2·W -1 ;I et is the total moisture resistance of clothing, kPa·m 2 W -1 ;I ea is the moisture resistance of nude clothing, kPa·m 2 W -1 ;f cl is the clothing area coefficient, f cl =A cl / A,A cl is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin after wearing the clothing, m 2 , A is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin, m 2 .

[0035] Preferably, the evaporative heat loss on the surface of the dry-heat manikin is calculated using the following formula:

[0036]

[0037] Among them, E sk is the evaporative heat loss from the surface of the dry heat manikin, W / m 2; H is the surface heating power of the dry heat manikin, W / m 2 , H i Heating power of each part of the dry heat manikin, W / m 2 ; fi is the area weighting coefficient of the body part of the dry heat manikin, f i =A i / A,A i is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin’s body parts, A is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin’s entire body; R is the radiation heat loss from the dry heat manikin’s surface, W / m 2 ; C is the convective heat loss of the dry heat manikin surface, W / m 2 ;T skc,i is the surface temperature of the skin, ℃; T o is the ambient air temperature, ℃; I t is the total thermal resistance of clothing, ℃·m 2 W -1 .

[0038] Preferably, the method further includes repeating steps S1-S5 to perform measurement.

[0039] The present invention firstly completely covers the surface of a dry-heat heating manikin with a moist skin garment, thereby simulating the sweating skin layer on the human body surface; secondly, by setting environmental parameters and selecting a heating mode for the dry-heat heating manikin, the thermal interaction process between the human body and the external environment is simulated. Through the above two steps, the dry-heat heating manikin can effectively simulate an environment of sweat evaporation, providing a prerequisite for clothing moisture resistance testing; thirdly, the working stable period of the dry-heat heating manikin is determined by the intersection of the skin garment surface temperature stable period and the heating power stable period of each part of the dry-heat heating manikin; finally, the clothing moisture resistance is tested by collecting various parameters within the stable period, thereby achieving the technical effect of accurately testing the clothing moisture resistance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for performing clothing moisture resistance testing using a dry heat manikin, disclosed in a first embodiment of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In the present invention, directions or positions indicated by terms such as "upper," "lower," and "outer" are based on those shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily intended to better describe the present invention and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the devices, elements, or components indicated to specific directions, structures, or operations.

[0044] Furthermore, some of the above terms may be used to express other meanings besides indicating a position or location. For example, the term "on" may also be used to indicate a dependency or connection in certain circumstances. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0045] Furthermore, the terms "installed," "disposed," "equipped with," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, removable connections, or integral structures; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary; or internal communication between two devices, elements, or components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0046] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish between different devices, elements, or components (which may or may not be of the same type and configuration), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the devices, elements, or components indicated. Unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0047] The inventive concept of the present invention is:

[0048] Existing clothing moisture resistance testing methods have certain limitations. For example, the use of a dry heat manikin for testing is not possible. Since the dry heat manikin is a manikin that does not sweat, it mainly simulates the heat generation and dissipation process of the human body through an internal heating system. At the same time, according to the definition of clothing moisture resistance, the prerequisite for testing clothing moisture resistance is to simulate the environment of sweat evaporation. Therefore, the existing dry heat manikin cannot simulate the environment of sweat evaporation and cannot accurately reflect the moisture transfer performance of clothing during actual wearing, resulting in the difficulty of clothing moisture resistance testing. In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention first completely covers the surface of a dry-heat warming manikin with a moist skin suit, thereby simulating the sweating skin layer on the human body surface. Secondly, by setting environmental parameters and selecting the heating mode of the dry-heat warming manikin, the thermal interaction process between the human body and the external environment is simulated. Through the above two steps, the dry-heat warming manikin can effectively simulate the environment of sweat evaporation, providing the prerequisite for clothing moisture resistance testing. Thirdly, the stable period of the dry-heat warming manikin is determined by the intersection of the stable period of the skin suit surface temperature and the stable period of the heating power of each part of the dry-heat warming manikin. Finally, the clothing moisture resistance is tested by collecting various parameters during the stable period, thereby achieving the technical effect of accurately testing the clothing moisture resistance.

[0049] Specifically:

[0050] See also Figure 1 As shown in the flowchart of the method, a method for testing the moisture resistance of clothing using a dry heat manikin is proposed in the first embodiment of the present invention, comprising:

[0051] S1. Completely covering the surface of the dry heat manikin with a wet skin coat to simulate a sweating skin layer on the surface of human skin;

[0052] S2. Setting environmental parameters according to the actual environment to be simulated, and setting a heating mode of the dry-heat manikin according to the environmental parameters to simulate the thermal interaction process between the human body and the external environment;

[0053] S3. Determine the stable period of operation of the dry heat manikin based on the intersection of the stable period of the skin suit surface temperature and the stable period of the heating power of each part of the dry heat manikin;

[0054] S4. Collecting the thermal environment parameters and dry heat warm manikin parameters during the stable period of the dry heat warm manikin operation, and obtaining the total thermal resistance of the clothing, the water vapor partial pressure on the surface of the skin clothing, and the water vapor partial pressure of the ambient air;

[0055] S5. Obtain the moisture resistance of the clothing.

[0056] In this embodiment, firstly, the surface of the dry-heat manikin is completely covered with a moist skin garment. Since the sweating skin layer refers to the skin structure related to the secretion and excretion of sweat glands, mainly the dermis and epidermis, and the moist skin garment contains a large amount of moisture, when it is covered on the surface of the dry-heat manikin, the moisture in the skin garment can be converted into water vapor when heated, thereby effectively simulating the sweating skin layer on the surface of the human body. Secondly, by setting environmental parameters and selecting the heating mode of the dry-heat manikin, the heat generated by the heating of the dry-heat manikin can convert the moisture on the skin garment into water vapor, thereby simulating the thermal interaction process between the human body and the external environment, that is, human sweating. process, so through the above two steps, the dry heat warming manikin can effectively simulate the environment of sweat evaporation, which provides the prerequisite for clothing moisture resistance test. Again, the stable period of the dry heat warming manikin is determined by the intersection of the stable period of skin clothing surface temperature and the stable period of heating power of each part of the dry heat warming manikin. Since the dry heat warming manikin is in a stable working state during the stable period of its operation, the various parameters of the dry heat warming manikin will not fluctuate greatly. Therefore, the various parameters collected during the stable period can be made into stable values, which provides an accurate data basis for the subsequent clothing moisture resistance test, thereby achieving the technical effect of accurately testing clothing moisture resistance.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, the second embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for performing a clothing moisture resistance test using a dry heat manikin, and based on the first embodiment, the step S1 includes: S11, completely soaking a skin garment in distilled water having the same surface temperature as the manikin and placing the skin garment in a place; S12, measuring the moisture content of the skin garment during the placement period, and when the moisture content of the skin garment is greater than or equal to 80% and the skin garment no longer drips water, the skin garment meets the test conditions; S13, tightly fitting the skin garment to the surface of the dry heat manikin.

[0058] Specifically, skinwear made of materials such as cotton and polyester, which are breathable, thin, and elastic, can be selected. Skinwear refers to functional clothing, typically made of lightweight, breathable, soft, and moisture-absorbing, quick-drying materials. Its design goal is to simulate the feel and function of human skin.

[0059] Secondly, during the placement period, the moisture content of the skin suit is measured every ten minutes using a textile moisture meter. When the moisture content of the skin suit is greater than or equal to 80% and the skin suit no longer drips water, the skin suit is considered to meet the test conditions. Selecting a moisture content greater than or equal to 80% ensures that water will continue to evaporate from the skin suit's surface during the dry heat manikin heating phase, thereby simulating the sweating process of the human skin surface layer;

[0060] Finally, put the skin suit on the dry heat warmer and gently touch the surface of the skin suit with your hands to smooth out the wrinkles and bulges on the skin suit to ensure that the skin suit fits tightly against the surface of the dry heat warmer manikin and that there is no gap between the various parts of the dry heat warmer manikin and the skin suit, thereby reducing the formation of an air layer between the dry heat warmer manikin and the skin suit and reducing the impact on heat transfer, thereby simulating the heat transfer process between the sweat layer and subcutaneous tissue of the human body under real conditions.

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, the third embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for performing clothing moisture resistance testing using a dry heat warm manikin, and based on the first embodiment, step S2 includes: S21, setting the ambient air temperature, ambient relative humidity and ambient wind speed according to the actual environment to be simulated, and making the fluctuation of the set ambient air temperature less than or equal to 0.5°C, the fluctuation of the ambient relative humidity less than or equal to 5%, and the fluctuation of the ambient wind speed less than or equal to 0.1m / s; S22, when the fluctuation of the set ambient air temperature, the fluctuation of the ambient relative humidity and the fluctuation of the ambient wind speed are less than the limit values, setting the skin temperature of the dry heat warm manikin accordingly according to the simulated actual environment, and heating the dry heat warm manikin using a constant heating mode.

[0062] Specifically, according to the actual environment to be simulated, the temperature difference between the ambient air temperature and the skin temperature of the dry heat warm body manikin is set to be greater than 12°C, the ambient relative humidity is in the range of 30%-70%, and the ambient wind speed is 0.4m / s. At the same time, ensure that the ambient air temperature fluctuation is less than or equal to 0.5°C, the ambient relative humidity fluctuation is less than or equal to 5%, and the ambient wind speed fluctuation is less than or equal to 0.1m / s. If it is necessary to measure the thermal resistance of naked clothing, there is no need to put on clothing on the dry heat warm body manikin. When the ambient air temperature fluctuation, the ambient relative humidity fluctuation, and the ambient wind speed fluctuation are less than the limit values, the skin temperature of the dry heat warm body manikin is set to 34°C, and the dry heat warm body manikin is heated in a constant heating mode to simulate the thermal interaction process between the human body and the external environment.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, the fourth embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for performing clothing moisture resistance testing using a dry heat manikin, and based on the first embodiment, step S3 includes:

[0064] S31, the skin clothing surface temperature stabilization period is determined based on the skin clothing surface temperature fluctuation rate, and the skin clothing surface temperature fluctuation rate is obtained by the following calculation formula;

[0065]

[0066] where ξ i is the temperature fluctuation rate of the skin surface, %; Tskc,t is the surface temperature of the skin at each time point, ℃; T skc,1 is the surface temperature of the skin corresponding to the initial moment in the selected time period, ℃.

[0067] S32, the heating power stabilization period of each part of the dry heat warming manikin is determined based on the heating power fluctuation rate of each part of the dry heat warming manikin, and the heating power fluctuation rate of each part of the dry heat warming manikin is obtained by the following calculation formula;

[0068]

[0069] where σ i is the heating power fluctuation rate of each part of the dry heat manikin, %; H i,t The heating power of each part of the dry heat manikin at each time point, W·m -2 ;H i,o is the heating power of each part of the dry-heat manikin corresponding to the initial moment in the selected time period, W·m -2 .

[0070] Specifically, the skin garment surface temperature stabilization period is determined as follows: the skin garment surface temperature at the first time point of the test is selected as the initial value, and the fluctuation rate in the 10 minutes following the first time point is calculated using the above calculation formula. Thereafter, the skin garment surface temperature at the next time point is selected as the next initial value each time, and the fluctuation rate in the 10 minutes following the next time point is continuously calculated using the above calculation formula. When the absolute values ​​of all fluctuation rates within the first 10 minutes are less than 3%, the first time within the 10 minutes when the fluctuation rate is less than 3% is the starting time point of the skin garment surface temperature stabilization period. If, in a subsequent test period, the absolute value of the fluctuation rate within the first 10 minutes is greater than 3%, the first time within the 10 minutes when the fluctuation rate is greater than 3% is selected as the ending time point of the skin garment surface temperature stabilization period.

[0071] The stabilization period of the heating power for each part of the dry-heat manikin is determined as follows: the heating power for each part of the dry-heat manikin at the start of the test is selected as the initial value. The fluctuation rate for the 10 minutes following the first time point is calculated using the above formula. The heating power for each part of the dry-heat manikin is then selected as the next initial value at each subsequent time point, and the fluctuation rate for the 10 minutes following the next time point is calculated using the above formula. If the absolute value of all fluctuations within a 10-minute period is less than 3% for the first time within that 10-minute period, the time at which the fluctuation rate first occurs within that 10-minute period is deemed the start time of the stabilization period for the heating power for each part of the dry-heat manikin. If the absolute value of the fluctuation rate exceeds 3% for the first time within a subsequent test period within that 10-minute period, the time at which the fluctuation rate first occurs within that 10-minute period is deemed the end time of the stabilization period for the heating power for each part of the dry-heat manikin.

[0072] Finally, the stable period of the dry heat manikin is obtained by calculating the intersection between the stable period of the skin suit surface temperature and the stable period of the heating power of each part of the dry heat manikin.

[0073] like Figure 1 As shown, the fifth embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for testing the moisture resistance of clothing using a dry heat warm manikin, and based on the first embodiment, the thermal environment parameters include the ambient air temperature and the ambient relative humidity, and the dry heat warm manikin parameters include the heating power of various parts of the dry heat warm manikin, the skin temperature of the dry heat warm manikin, and the surface temperature of the skin clothing.

[0074] Specifically, the ambient air temperature is collected using a temperature sensor. If a single temperature sensor is used for collection, the temperature sensor is placed at a position greater than 1 meter away from the dry-heat manikin, and the reading of the single temperature sensor is used as the ambient air temperature. If multiple temperature sensors are used for collection, the multiple temperature sensors are placed at a position greater than 1 meter away from the dry-heat manikin and spaced apart, and the average value of the readings of the multiple temperature sensors is used as the calculated value of the ambient air temperature.

[0075] The ambient air temperature and ambient relative humidity can also be collected using a temperature and humidity sensor. If a single temperature and humidity sensor is used for collection, the temperature and humidity sensor is placed at a position greater than 1m away from the dry heat manikin, and the reading of the single temperature and humidity sensor is used as the ambient air temperature and ambient relative humidity. If multiple temperature and humidity sensors are used for collection, the multiple temperature and humidity sensors are placed at a position greater than 1m away from the dry heat manikin and spaced apart, and the average value of the readings of the multiple temperature and humidity sensors is used as the calculated value of the ambient air temperature and ambient relative humidity.

[0076] The heating power of various parts of the dry-heat heating manikin and the skin temperature of the dry-heat heating manikin are collected in real time using the system software supporting the dry-heat heating manikin. If the fluctuation of the skin temperature of the dry-heat heating manikin is within 0.1°C within a 10-minute period, it is considered that the dry-heat heating manikin and the external environment have reached a thermal equilibrium state. The readings of the heating power of various parts of the dry-heat heating manikin and the skin temperature of the dry-heat heating manikin within the 10 minutes are collected as the calculated values ​​of the heating power of various parts of the dry-heat heating manikin and the skin temperature of the dry-heat heating manikin.

[0077] The surface temperature of the skin suit can be collected by arranging temperature sensors on the surface of the skin suit of the dry heat manikin. At the same time, each temperature sensor needs to be covered with tin foil to prevent the probe of the temperature sensor from being affected by the radiation of the surrounding environment. The reading of the temperature sensor is used as the calculated value of the surface temperature of the skin suit.

[0078] like Figure 1 As shown, the sixth embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for testing the moisture resistance of clothing using a dry heat manikin. Based on the fifth embodiment, the total thermal resistance of the clothing is obtained by the following calculation formula:

[0079]

[0080] Among them, I t is the total thermal resistance of clothing, ℃·m 2 W -1 ;f i is the area weighting coefficient of the body part of the dry heat manikin, f i =A i / A,A i is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin's body parts, A is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin's entire body; H ei The heating power of each part of the dry heat manikin without skin clothing, W / m 2 ;T sk,i is the skin temperature of the dry heat manikin, ℃; T o is the ambient air temperature, ℃.

[0081] The water vapor partial pressure on the surface of the skin garment is obtained by the following calculation formula:

[0082]

[0083] Among them, P sk is the partial pressure of water vapor on the surface of the skin, kPa; T skc is the surface temperature of the skin, ℃;

[0084] The ambient air water vapor partial pressure is obtained by the following calculation formula:

[0085]

[0086] Among them, P a is the water vapor partial pressure of ambient air, kPa; T o is the ambient air temperature, °C; RH is the ambient relative humidity, %.

[0087] like Figure 1 As shown, the seventh embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for testing clothing moisture resistance using a dry heat manikin. Based on the first embodiment, the clothing moisture resistance includes the total clothing moisture resistance and the inherent clothing moisture resistance. The total clothing moisture resistance is obtained by the following calculation formula:

[0088]

[0089] Among them, I et is the total moisture resistance of clothing, kPa·m 2 W -1 ;E sk is the evaporative heat loss from the surface of the dry heat manikin, W / m 2 ;P sk is the partial pressure of water vapor on the surface of the skin, kPa; P a is the water vapor partial pressure of ambient air, kPa; f i is the area weighting coefficient of the body part of the dry heat manikin, f i =A i / A,A i is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin's body part, m 2 , A is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin, m 2 ;H i Heating power of each part of the dry heat manikin, W / m 2 ;T skc,i is the surface temperature of the skin, ℃; T o is the ambient air temperature, ℃; I t is the total thermal resistance of clothing, ℃·m 2 W -1 ;

[0090] The inherent moisture resistance of the garment is obtained by the following calculation formula:

[0091]

[0092] Among them, I ecl is the inherent moisture resistance of clothing, kPa·m2·W -1 ;I et is the total moisture resistance of clothing, kPa·m 2 W -1 ;I ea is the moisture resistance of nude clothing, kPa·m2 W -1 ;f cl is the clothing area coefficient, f cl =A cl / A,A cl is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin after wearing the clothing, m 2 , A is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin, m 2 .

[0093] The evaporative heat loss on the surface of the dry heat manikin is calculated using the following formula:

[0094]

[0095] Among them, E sk is the evaporative heat loss from the surface of the dry heat manikin, W / m 2 ; H is the surface heating power of the dry heat manikin, W / m 2 , H i Heating power of each part of the dry heat manikin, W / m 2 ; fi is the area weighting coefficient of the body part of the dry heat manikin, f i =A i / A,A i is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin's body part, m 2 , A is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin, m 2 ; R is the radiation heat loss of the dry heat manikin surface, W / m 2 ; C is the convective heat loss of the dry heat manikin surface, W / m 2 ;T skc,i is the surface temperature of the skin, ℃; T o is the ambient air temperature, ℃; I t is the total thermal resistance of clothing, ℃·m 2 W -1 .

[0096] Specifically, dry the garment after the first measurement to the same weight as before the first measurement, then completely wet the skin garment and leave it for half an hour until it stops dripping, ensuring that the difference between the total weight of the skin garment and the weight of the skin garment at the first measurement does not exceed 10g;

[0097] Under each working condition (for example, wearing clothing and not wearing clothing), steps S1-S5 are repeated at least twice to reduce errors. If the error in the clothing moisture resistance of the two tests is less than 4%, the test result is considered reliable, and the average of the two test results can be taken as the final result. If the error in the clothing moisture resistance of the two tests is greater than 4%, a third test is required. When the error in the clothing moisture resistance of the third test is less than 10%, the test result is considered reliable, and the average of the three test results is taken as the final result.

[0098] like Figure 1 As shown, the eighth embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for testing clothing moisture resistance using a dry heat manikin, and based on the first embodiment, further includes obtaining the naked clothing moisture resistance I under the condition of not wearing clothing. ea , the nude clothing moisture resistance I ea The calculation formula is as follows:

[0099]

[0100] Among them, I ea is the moisture resistance of nude clothing, kPa·m 2 W -1 ;P sk is the partial pressure of water vapor on the surface of the skin, kPa; P a is the water vapor partial pressure of ambient air, kPa; f i =A i / A,A i is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin's body part, m 2 , A is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin, m 2 ;H i Heating power of each part of the dry heat manikin, W / m 2 ;T skc,i is the surface temperature of the skin, ℃; T o is the ambient air temperature, ℃; I a is the thermal resistance of nude clothing, ℃·m 2 W -1 ;

[0101]

[0102] Among them, I a is the thermal resistance of nude clothing, ℃·m 2 W -1 ;f i =A i / A,A i is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin's body part, m 2 , A is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin, m 2;H i Heating power of each part of dry heat manikin without clothing, W / m 2 ;T sk,i Skin temperature of dry heat manikin without clothing, ℃; T o is the ambient air temperature, ℃.

[0103] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The above are only embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the rights of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing the moisture resistance of clothing using a dry heat manikin, characterized in that: include: S1. Completely covering the surface of the dry heat manikin with a wet skin coat to simulate a sweating skin layer on the surface of human skin; S2. Setting environmental parameters according to the actual environment to be simulated, and setting a heating mode of the dry-heat manikin according to the environmental parameters to simulate the thermal interaction process between the human body and the external environment; S3. Determine the stable period of operation of the dry heat manikin based on the intersection of the stable period of the skin suit surface temperature and the stable period of the heating power of each part of the dry heat manikin; S4. Collect thermal environment parameters and dry heat manikin parameters during the stable period of dry heat manikin operation, and obtain the total thermal resistance of the clothing, the water vapor partial pressure on the surface of the skin clothing, and the water vapor partial pressure of the ambient air; S5. Obtaining clothing moisture resistance; The step S1 comprises: S11, completely soaking the skin garment in distilled water having the same temperature as the surface temperature of the dry heat manikin and placing the skin garment in place; S12, measuring the moisture content of the skin garment during the placement period, and when the moisture content of the skin garment is greater than or equal to 80% and the skin garment no longer drips water, the skin garment meets the test conditions; S13, tightly fitting the skin garment to the surface of the dry heat manikin; The step S2 includes: S21, setting the ambient air temperature, ambient relative humidity, and ambient wind speed according to the actual environment to be simulated, and ensuring that the fluctuation of the set ambient air temperature is less than or equal to 0.5° C., the fluctuation of the set ambient relative humidity is less than or equal to 5%, and the fluctuation of the ambient wind speed is less than or equal to 0.1 m / s; S22, when the fluctuation of the set ambient air temperature, the fluctuation of the set ambient relative humidity, and the fluctuation of the ambient wind speed are less than the limit values, setting the skin temperature of the dry-heat warming manikin accordingly according to the actual environment to be simulated, and heating the dry-heat warming manikin in a constant heating mode; The step S3 includes: S31, the skin clothing surface temperature stabilization period is determined according to the skin clothing surface temperature fluctuation rate, and the skin clothing surface temperature fluctuation rate is obtained by the following calculation formula; ； in is the temperature fluctuation rate of the skin surface, %; T skc,t is the surface temperature of the skin at each time point, ℃; T skc,1 is the surface temperature of the skin at the initial moment in the selected time period, °C; S32, the heating power stabilization period of each part of the dry heat warming manikin is determined based on the heating power fluctuation rate of each part of the dry heat warming manikin, and the heating power fluctuation rate of each part of the dry heat warming manikin is obtained by the following calculation formula; ； where σ i is the heating power fluctuation rate of each part of the dry heat manikin, %; H i,t The heating power of each part of the dry heat manikin at each time point, W·m -2 ;H i,o is the heating power of each part of the dry-heat manikin corresponding to the initial moment in the selected time period, W·m -2 When the absolute values ​​of all fluctuations within 10 minutes are less than 3% for the first time, the time point at which the fluctuation is less than 3% for the first time within the 10-minute period is the start time point of the stabilization period of the heating power of each part of the dry-heat manikin. If, in a subsequent test period, the absolute value of the fluctuation is greater than 3% for the first time within 10 minutes, the time point at which the fluctuation is greater than 3% for the first time within the 10-minute period is selected as the end time point of the stabilization period of the heating power of each part of the dry-heat manikin; Finally, the stable period of the dry heat manikin is obtained by calculating the intersection between the stable period of the skin suit surface temperature and the stable period of the heating power of each part of the dry heat manikin.

2. The method for testing moisture resistance of clothing using a dry heat manikin according to claim 1, wherein: The thermal environment parameters in step S4 include ambient air temperature and ambient relative humidity, and the dry heat manikin parameters include heating power of various parts of the dry heat manikin, dry heat manikin skin temperature, and skin clothing surface temperature.

3. The method for performing clothing moisture resistance testing using a dry heat manikin according to claim 2, wherein: The total thermal resistance of the clothing is obtained by the following calculation formula: ； Among them, I t is the total thermal resistance of clothing, ℃·m 2 W -1 ;f i is the area weighting coefficient of the body part of the dry heat manikin; f i =A i / A,A i is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin's body parts, A is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin's entire body; H ei The heating power of each part of the dry heat manikin without skin clothing, W / m 2 ;T sk,i is the skin temperature of the dry heat manikin, ℃; T o is the ambient air temperature, ℃.

4. The method for testing clothing moisture resistance using a dry heat manikin according to claim 2, wherein: The water vapor partial pressure on the surface of the skin garment is obtained by the following calculation formula: ； Among them, P sk is the partial pressure of water vapor on the surface of the skin, kPa; T skc is the surface temperature of the skin, °C; The ambient air water vapor partial pressure is obtained by the following calculation formula: ； Among them, P a is the water vapor partial pressure of ambient air, kPa; T o is the ambient air temperature, °C; RH is the ambient relative humidity, %.

5. The method for testing clothing moisture resistance using a dry heat manikin according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: The clothing moisture resistance includes the total clothing moisture resistance and the inherent clothing moisture resistance. The total clothing moisture resistance is obtained by the following calculation formula: ； Among them, I et is the total moisture resistance of the garment, kPa·m 2 W -1 ;E sk is the evaporative heat loss from the surface of the dry heat manikin, W / m 2 ;P sk is the partial pressure of water vapor on the surface of the skin, kPa; P a is the water vapor partial pressure of ambient air, kPa; f i is the area weighting coefficient of the body part of the dry heat manikin; f i =A i / A,A i is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin's body part, m 2 ; A is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin, m 2 ;H i Heating power of each part of the dry heat manikin, W / m 2 ;T skc,i is the surface temperature of the skin, ℃; T o is the ambient air temperature, ℃; I t is the total thermal resistance of clothing, ℃·m 2 W -1 ; The inherent moisture resistance of the garment is obtained by the following calculation formula: ； Among them, I ecl is the inherent moisture resistance of clothing, kPa·m2·W -1 ;I et is the total moisture resistance of clothing, kPa·m 2 W -1 ;I ea is the moisture resistance of nude clothing, kPa·m 2 W -1 ;f cl is the clothing area coefficient, f cl =A cl / A,A cl is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin after wearing the clothing, m 2 ; A is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin, m 2 .

6. The method for testing moisture resistance of clothing using a dry heat manikin according to claim 5, wherein: The evaporative heat loss on the surface of the dry heat manikin is calculated using the following formula: ； Among them, E sk is the evaporative heat loss from the surface of the dry heat manikin, W / m 2 ; H is the surface heating power of the dry heat manikin, W / m 2 ; Heating power of each part of the dry heat manikin, W / m 2 ; fi is the area weighting coefficient of the body part of the dry heat manikin; f i =A i / A,A i is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin's body part, m 2 ; A is the surface area of ​​the dry heat manikin, m 2 ; R is the radiation heat loss of the dry heat manikin surface, W / m²; C is the convection heat loss of the dry heat manikin surface, W / m²; T skc,i is the surface temperature of the skin, ℃; T o is the ambient air temperature, ℃; I t is the total thermal resistance of clothing, ℃·m 2 W -1 .

7. The method for testing clothing moisture resistance using a dry heat manikin according to claim 1, wherein: The method further includes repeating steps S1-S5 to perform measurement.

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