Method and device for removing interlayer multiples

Abstract

The invention provides a method and device for removing interlayer multiples, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the Radon transformation of seismic trace set data of a target work area, so as to carry out the first removal of the interlayer multiples of the seismic trace data; determining interlayer multiples in a first removal result according to a pre-generated interlayer multiple suppression model and the first removal result of the interlayer multiples; and performing adaptive subtraction on the first removal result of the interlayer multiples and the interlayer multiples in the first removal result to remove the interlayer multiples in the seismic trace gather data of the target work area. According to the method, the advantages of Radon transformation and XIMP model for removing the interlayer multiples are combined, the Radon transformation is used for removing the multiples with the large speed difference from the primary waves, then the XIMP model is used for removing the residual multiples with the small speed difference from the primary waves, and therefore the interlayer multiples can be removed to the maximum extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of oil and gas exploration, in particular to the technical field of oil and gas exploration seismic data processing, and specifically relates to a method and device for removing interlayer multiple waves. Background Art

[0002] The purpose of seismic data processing is to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, resolution and fidelity of seismic data, and to image underground structures and geological bodies for geological interpretation. The existence of multiple waves, especially interlayer multiple waves, will seriously affect the quality of seismic data. The reasons for the formation of interlayer multiple waves are as follows: when seismic waves propagate from the surface into the underground and reflect between strata, some secondary waves will be generated. These secondary waves return to the surface again after multiple reflections, refractions and interferences underground, forming interlayer multiple waves. Interlayer multiple waves are interference signals in seismic data processing, which will interfere with seismic imaging and stratum interpretation, and reduce the quality of seismic data and the accuracy of interpretation.

[0003] For example, multiple waves will interfere with the reflection signal of effective waves and reduce the signal-to-noise ratio of the data; when multiple waves overlap with primary waves, the amplitude, frequency and phase of the effective reflection wave will be distorted, the resolution will be reduced, and the reliability of seismic analysis such as seismic attribute extraction and reservoir inversion will be affected. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention belongs to the technical field of seismic data processing. One purpose of the present invention is to use an extended interlayer multiple wave prediction subtraction method (XIMP technology) and a high-precision Radon transform demultiple method to combine and remove interlayer multiple waves, so as to improve the quality of seismic data.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for removing multiple interlayer waves. Another object of the present invention is to provide an electronic device, the electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor implementing the steps of the above-mentioned method for removing multiple interlayer waves when executing the computer program. Another object of the present invention is to provide a readable medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the above-mentioned method for removing multiple interlayer waves are implemented.

[0006] In order to solve the technical problems in the background technology of this application, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for removing interlayer multiple waves, comprising:

[0008] Performing Radon transformation on the seismic trace data of the target work area to remove the interlayer multiple waves of the seismic trace data for the first time;

[0009] Determine the interlayer multiples in the first removal result according to the pre-generated interlayer multiple suppression model and the first removal result of the interlayer multiples;

[0010] The interlayer multiple waves in the seismic trace gather data of the target work area are adaptively subtracted from the interlayer multiple waves in the first removal result.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the interlayer multiple wave suppression model is generated in the Shearlet domain by using the upgoing waves and downgoing waves of the target layer as model data.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, Radon transform is performed on seismic trace data of a target work area to remove interlayer multiple waves of the seismic trace data for the first time, including:

[0013] Determining a time difference parameter according to the velocity field of the target work area;

[0014] Performing Radon transform on the seismic track gather data according to the time difference parameters.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, performing Radon transform on the seismic gather data according to the time difference parameter includes:

[0016] Performing Radon transformation on the seismic gather data according to the time difference parameter to obtain multiple waves of the seismic gather data in the τ-q domain;

[0017] The multiple waves of the seismic gather data in the τ-q domain are subjected to Radon inverse transformation to generate the first removal result of the interlayer multiple waves.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of generating the multiple suppression model comprises:

[0019] Generate multiple wave contribution gathers based on the downgoing waves of the target layer that generates interlayer multiple waves;

[0020] generating a primary wave input gather according to the upgoing wave of the target layer;

[0021] In the shearlet domain, a mapping relationship between the multiple wave contribution gathers and the primary wave input gathers is determined to generate the multiple wave suppression model.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, determining, in the shearlet domain, a mapping relationship between the multiple wave contribution gathers and the primary wave input gathers to generate the multiple wave suppression model comprises:

[0023] Convolving the primary input gather with the multiple contribution gather to determine a virtual path of the interlayer multiples;

[0024] The mapping relationship is determined according to the virtual path to generate the multiple wave suppression model.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present invention, before performing Radon transform on the seismic trace gather data of the target work area to remove the interlayer multiple waves of the seismic trace data for the first time, the method further includes:

[0026] The seismic gather data are subjected to five-dimensional regularization processing.

[0027] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a device for removing interlayer multiple waves, the device comprising:

[0028] An interlayer multiple wave primary removal module is used to perform Radon transformation on the seismic trace data of the target work area to perform a first removal of the interlayer multiple waves of the seismic trace data;

[0029] An interlayer multiple wave determination module, used for determining the interlayer multiple waves in the first removal result according to a pre-generated interlayer multiple wave suppression model and the interlayer multiple wave first removal result;

[0030] The interlayer multiple wave secondary removal module is used to adaptively subtract the interlayer multiple waves in the first removal result from the interlayer multiple waves, so as to remove the interlayer multiple waves in the seismic track gather data of the target work area.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, the interlayer multiple wave suppression model is generated in the Shearlet domain by using the upgoing waves and downgoing waves of the target layer as model data.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, the interlayer multiple wave primary removal module includes:

[0033] A time difference parameter determination unit, used to determine the time difference parameter according to the velocity field of the target work area;

[0034] A Radon transform unit for the seismic gather data is used to perform Radon transform on the seismic gather data according to the time difference parameters.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, the gather data pull transformation unit includes:

[0036] A data pull forward transformation unit, used for performing a pull forward transformation on the seismic track gather data according to the time difference parameter to obtain multiple waves of the seismic track gather data in the τ-q domain;

[0037] The data pulling inverse transformation unit is used to perform Radon inverse transformation on the multiple waves of the seismic track gather data in the τ-q domain to generate the first removal result of the inter-layer multiple waves.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, the device for removing interlayer multiple waves further comprises:

[0039] A multiple wave suppression model generation module is used to generate the multiple wave suppression model. The multiple wave suppression model generation module includes:

[0040] A multiple wave contribution gather generating unit, used for generating multiple wave contribution gathers according to the downgoing waves of the target layer generating the interlayer multiple waves;

[0041] A primary wave input gather generating unit, used for generating a primary wave input gather according to the upgoing wave of the target layer;

[0042] The multiple wave suppression model generating unit is used to determine the mapping relationship between the multiple wave contribution gathers and the primary wave input gathers in the shearlet domain to generate the multiple wave suppression model.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention, the multiple wave suppression model generation unit includes:

[0044] A virtual path determination unit, configured to convolve the primary wave input gather with the multiple wave contribution gather to determine a virtual path of the interlayer multiple wave;

[0045] The multiple wave suppression model generating subunit is used to determine the mapping relationship according to the virtual path to generate the multiple wave suppression model.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, the device for removing interlayer multiple waves further includes:

[0047] The seismic gather data preprocessing module is used to perform five-dimensional regularization processing on the seismic gather data.

[0048] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program / instruction, which implements the steps of a method for removing inter-layer multiple waves when executed by a processor.

[0049] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of a method for removing interlayer multiple waves when executing the program.

[0050] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a method for removing interlayer multiple waves.

[0051] From the above description, it can be seen that an embodiment of the present invention provides a method and device for removing interlayer multiple waves. The corresponding method for removing interlayer multiple waves includes: firstly performing a Radon transform on the seismic track gather data of the target work area to perform a first removal of interlayer multiple waves of the seismic track data; determining the interlayer multiple waves in the first removal result according to a pre-generated interlayer multiple wave suppression model and the first removal result of interlayer multiple waves; and adaptively subtracting the first removal result of interlayer multiple waves from the interlayer multiple waves in the first removal result to remove the interlayer multiple waves in the seismic track gather data of the target work area.

[0052] The corresponding interlayer multiple wave removal device includes: an interlayer multiple wave primary removal module, which is used to perform Radon transform on the seismic trace data of the target work area to perform a first removal of interlayer multiple waves of the seismic trace data; an interlayer multiple wave determination module, which is used to determine the interlayer multiple waves in the first removal result based on a pre-generated interlayer multiple wave suppression model and the first removal result of interlayer multiple waves; an interlayer multiple wave secondary removal module, which is used to adaptively subtract the first removal result of interlayer multiple waves from the interlayer multiple waves in the first removal result to remove the interlayer multiple waves in the seismic trace data of the target work area.

[0053] The method and device for removing interlayer multiple waves provided in the embodiment of the present invention first use high-precision Radon transform to remove multiple waves with large velocity differences from the primary wave, and then use the XIMP model to remove residual multiple waves with small velocity differences from the primary wave in the seismic data. This can effectively remove interlayer multiple waves. This combined multiple removal method is better than using the XIMP model or Radon transform method alone to remove multiple waves. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0055] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a method for removing interlayer multiple waves in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 It is a flowchart diagram of step 100 of the method for removing interlayer multiple waves in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 It is a flowchart diagram of step 102 of the method for removing interlayer multiple waves in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 4 It is a flowchart diagram of step 400 of the method for removing interlayer multiple waves in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5 It is a flowchart diagram of step 403 of the method for removing interlayer multiple waves in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 6 Another schematic flow chart of a method for removing interlayer multiple waves in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 7 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for removing interlayer multiple waves in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 8 A mind map of a method for removing interlayer multiple waves in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a horizon that may generate multiple waves picked up in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Fig.10 It is the first layer multiple wave model predicted by using XIMP model in the specific implementation mode of the present invention (displayed by CMP gather);

[0065] Fig.11 It is the second layer multiple wave model predicted by using XIMP model in the specific implementation mode of the present invention (displayed by CMP gather);

[0066] Fig.12 It is the third layer multiple wave model predicted by the XIMP model in the specific implementation mode of the present invention (displayed by CMP gathers);

[0067] Fig.13 It is the fourth layer multiple wave model predicted by the XIMP model in the specific implementation mode of the present invention (displayed by CMP gather);

[0068] Fig.14 It is the fifth layer multiple wave model predicted by the XIMP model in the specific implementation mode of the present invention (displayed by CMP gather);

[0069] Fig.15 It is a multiple wave model predicted by the XIMP model in a specific embodiment of the present invention (superimposed profile display);

[0070] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the velocity spectrum before and after multiple wave removal in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Fig.17It is a schematic diagram of the superimposed cross section before multiple wave removal, after multiple wave removal by Radon transformation, and after residual multiple wave removal by XIMP in a specific implementation manner of the present invention;

[0072] Fig.18 It is a block diagram of a device for removing interlayer multiple waves in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Fig.19 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0074] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0075] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0076] It should be noted that the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0077] The acquisition, storage, use, and processing of data in the technical solution of this application comply with the relevant provisions of laws and regulations.

[0078] Embodiment 1:

[0079] The embodiment of the present invention provides a specific implementation method of a method for removing interlayer multiple waves, see Figure 1 , specifically including the following:

[0080] Step 100: performing Radon transformation on the seismic trace data of the target work area to remove the interlayer multiple waves of the seismic trace data for the first time;

[0081] Step 200: determining the interlayer multiples in the first removal result according to the pre-generated interlayer multiple suppression model and the first removal result of the interlayer multiples;

[0082] Step 300: Adaptively subtract the interlayer multiple waves in the first removal result from the interlayer multiple waves in the first removal result to remove the interlayer multiple waves in the seismic gather data of the target work area.

[0083] From the above description, it can be seen that an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for removing interlayer multiple waves, including: firstly performing a Radon transform on the seismic track gather data of the target work area to perform a first removal of the interlayer multiple waves of the seismic track data; determining the interlayer multiple waves in the first removal result according to a pre-generated interlayer multiple wave suppression model and the first removal result of the interlayer multiple waves; and adaptively subtracting the first removal result of the interlayer multiple waves from the interlayer multiple waves in the first removal result to remove the interlayer multiple waves in the seismic track gather data of the target work area.

[0084] The method for removing interlayer multiple waves provided in an embodiment of the present invention combines the advantages of Radon transform and XIMP model in removing interlayer multiple waves. First, Radon transform is used to remove multiple waves with a large velocity difference from the primary wave. Then, XIMP model is used to remove residual multiple waves with a small velocity difference from the primary wave, thereby removing interlayer multiple waves to the greatest extent.

[0085] Embodiment 2:

[0086] It can be understood that the Radon transform in step 100 is used to convert a function or image from the spatial domain to the Radon domain. Specifically, the integral values ​​of the function or image at different angles are obtained by projecting the function or image. Specifically, the Radon transform projects the function or image onto a two-dimensional plane called a Sinogram, and each column of the Sinogram represents the integral value projected at different angles. By inversely transforming the Sinogram, the original function or image can be restored from the Radon domain.

[0087] In seismic exploration, Radon transform is used to extract information about underground strata. By projecting seismic data into the Radon domain, the way seismic waves propagate at different angles can be analyzed to infer the distribution of underground structures and rock formations.

[0088] For step 200, it is understandable that, compared with offshore seismic exploration, interlayer multiple waves are more developed in onshore seismic exploration. Multiple wave suppression has always been a research difficulty in the field of seismic exploration. There are currently a variety of methods for attenuating multiple waves, among which Radon transform is widely used in actual production due to its high efficiency, strong adaptability, and good suppression effect. The greater the velocity difference between the multiple waves and the primary wave, the greater the residual time difference between the two, and the stronger the ability to suppress multiple waves using Radon transform. However, in onshore seismic data, the velocity difference between the interlayer multiple waves and the primary wave is usually small and easily aliased together, making it difficult to ensure the effect of Radon transform to eliminate multiple waves.

[0089] Step 200 is driven by the velocity model or seismic data. First, the multiple wave model is predicted using wave theory, and then the multiple waves are generated through adaptive phase decompression. Depending on whether the prediction process requires underground velocity or structural information, it can be divided into two types of methods: model-driven and data-driven. It should be noted that step 200 is based on the XIMP technology of the layer and belongs to the model-driven method.

[0090] For step 300, specifically, the extended interlayer multiple wave prediction subtraction method (XIMP technology) and the high-precision Radon transform multiple removal method are combined to remove the interlayer multiple waves, so as to improve the quality of seismic data.

[0091] In some embodiments of the present invention, the interlayer multiple wave suppression model is generated in the shearlet domain by using the upgoing waves and downgoing waves of the target layer as model data.

[0092] Shearlet domain is developed on the basis of wavelet transform, and has stronger localization characteristics and directional selectivity. Specifically, it is the process of extracting Shearlet coefficients from the original signal through Fourier transform and shear operation. This transform can achieve multi-scale and multi-directional decomposition. It can capture signal characteristics of different scales and directions by scaling and shearing operations from a mother wave.

[0093] Shearlet transform can perform multi-level scaling on the signal, thereby achieving analysis at different scales. This is similar to wavelet decomposition. Unlike wavelets, Shearlet basis functions can not only be scaled, but also decomposed in different directions through shearing operations. This is an important advantage. The shape and size of the Shearlet basis function can be adjusted according to changes in direction and scale, thereby achieving good directional selectivity. The original signal can be accurately reconstructed through the Shearlet coefficients. This requires an inverse Shearlet transform to restore the coefficients to the signal.

[0094] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 2 , step 100 comprises:

[0095] Step 101: determining a time difference parameter according to the velocity field of the target work area;

[0096] The velocity field is used to reflect the distribution of wave velocity in the underground medium, that is, the wave velocity values ​​at different positions. Through the seismic wave data recorded by the seismic detection instrument, the velocity field of the underground medium can be estimated through a series of processing steps, so as to understand the underground geological structure and rock layer distribution. Preferably, the position and velocity field of the reflection interface can be estimated by pre-stack processing of the seismic data, such as pre-stack migration and pre-stack reflection surface depth migration. The velocity field of the underground medium can also be estimated by inverting the velocity model of the seismic imaging results.

[0097] Step 102: Performing Radon transform on the seismic gather data according to the time difference parameters.

[0098] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 3 , step 102 comprises:

[0099] Step 1021: performing Radon transformation on the seismic gather data according to the time difference parameter to obtain multiple waves of the seismic gather data in the τ-q domain;

[0100] Preferably, before step 1021, it is also necessary to perform dynamic correction on the seismic track gather data. It can be understood that the dynamic correction is used to correct the time delay or phase offset caused by the inhomogeneity of the seismic instrument and the underground medium.

[0101] The purpose of dynamic correction is to align the seismic data in time so as to more accurately represent the structure and properties of the underground medium. It involves calculating and applying a time correction function to make the arrival times of different seismic traces consistent, thereby reducing the time offset caused by factors such as medium inhomogeneity and seismic instrument response. Specifically, based on the reflection events in the seismic data, the time correction function is calculated and applied by analyzing the arrival time and amplitude information of the reflection events. Alternatively, in the process of seismic imaging or seismic profile interpretation, time correction is achieved by inverting the underground velocity model and applying the model to the data.

[0102] For step 1021, Radon forward transformation is performed on the seismic gathers (tx domain) after dynamic correction to obtain the primary and multiple wave distributions in the Radon domain (τ-q domain). The transformation relationship of the seismic gathers from the tx domain to the τ-q domain is:

[0103]

[0104] Step 1022: Perform Radon inverse transformation on the multiple waves of the seismic gather data in the τ-q domain to generate the first removal result of the interlayer multiple waves.

[0105] Through transformation, the parabolic trajectory of seismic reflection in the tx domain is transformed into a point in the τ-q domain. Since the parabolic curvature of multiple waves is different from that of primary waves, primary waves and multiple waves correspond to different positions in the τ-q domain. After setting the energy of the area where the multiple waves are located to zero, the inverse Radon transform is performed and returned to the tx domain to obtain the seismic gather after suppressing the multiple waves. The transformation relationship is:

[0106]

[0107] In some embodiments of the present invention, the method for removing interlayer multiple waves further includes:

[0108] Step 400: Generate the multiple wave suppression model, see Figure 4 , step 400 comprises:

[0109] Step 401: Generate multiple wave contribution gathers according to the downgoing waves of the target layer generating interlayer multiple waves;

[0110] Step 402: Generate a primary wave input gather according to the upgoing wave of the target layer;

[0111] Step 403: In the shearlet domain, determine the mapping relationship between the multiple wave contribution gathers and the primary wave input gathers to generate the multiple wave suppression model.

[0112] The extended interlayer multiple wave prediction subtraction method (XIMP model, multiple wave suppression model) is driven by velocity model or seismic data. First, the multiple wave model is predicted by wave theory, and then the multiple waves are suppressed by adaptive phase decompression. According to whether the prediction process requires underground velocity or structure information, it can be divided into two types of methods: model-driven and data-driven. The present invention is based on the XIMP technology of the layer and belongs to the model-driven method.

[0113] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 5 , step 403 includes:

[0114] Step 4031: Convolve the primary wave input gather with the multiple wave contribution gather to determine the virtual path of the interlayer multiple wave;

[0115] Step 4032: Determine the mapping relationship according to the virtual path to generate the multiple wave suppression model.

[0116] In step 4031 and step 4032, according to the generation mechanism of interlayer multiple waves, the downlink wave related to the target layer generating the interlayer multiple waves is used as the multiple wave contribution gather, and the layer above the target layer is used as the primary wave input gather. The reverse time primary wave gather is convolved with the multiple wave contribution gather to obtain the interlayer multiple wave virtual path, and the result is convolved again with the multiple wave contribution gather to obtain the interlayer multiple wave.

[0117] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 6 The method for removing interlayer multiple waves may further include, before step 100:

[0118] Step 90: Perform five-dimensional regularization processing on the seismic gather data.

[0119] Specifically, the input data was preprocessed to have a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio and a good sampling rate. To achieve this, five-dimensional regularization (5D MPFI) was applied to this particular dataset to regularize the data and clean the data.

[0120] Specifically, the five-dimensional regularization processing refers to regularizing the shot point x-coordinate, shot point y-coordinate, detection point x-coordinate, and detection point y-coordinate in the time dimension and the space dimension.

[0121] Furthermore, when step 90 is implemented, the data is first discrete Fourier transformed; then, the weights (prior values) are calculated for the Fourier spectrum, and the weights are applied to the full frequency band of the spectrum; the Fourier spectrum component with the maximum energy after weighting is selected; the Fourier spectrum component (unweighted) is added to the "estimated spectrum"; the Fourier spectrum component (unweighted) is inverse Fourier transformed, and the iterative result is output according to the input position; the iterative result is subtracted from the original input data; the above steps are repeated until the set number of iterations is reached or the Fourier spectrum component reaches a preset value; the final "estimated spectrum" is inverse Fourier transformed and output to the desired position.

[0122] From the above description, it can be seen that an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for removing interlayer multiple waves, including: firstly performing a Radon transform on the seismic track gather data of the target work area to perform a first removal of the interlayer multiple waves of the seismic track data; determining the interlayer multiple waves in the first removal result according to a pre-generated interlayer multiple wave suppression model and the first removal result of the interlayer multiple waves; and adaptively subtracting the first removal result of the interlayer multiple waves from the interlayer multiple waves in the first removal result to remove the interlayer multiple waves in the seismic track gather data of the target work area.

[0123] The method for removing interlayer multiple waves provided in an embodiment of the present invention first uses a high-precision Radon transform to remove multiple waves with a large velocity difference from the primary wave, and then uses the XIMP model to remove residual multiple waves with a small velocity difference from the primary wave in the seismic data. This can effectively remove interlayer multiple waves. This combined multiple removal method is better than using the XIMP model or Radon transform method alone to remove multiple waves.

[0124] Embodiment three:

[0125] In a specific embodiment, the present invention also provides a specific embodiment of a method for removing interlayer multiple waves, see Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 , specifically including the following steps.

[0126] S1: Preprocessing of seismic gather data in the target area.

[0127] At present, as the difficulty of seismic exploration continues to increase, pre-stack fidelity imaging requires that the data be as regular as possible, that is, the sampling within the appropriate observation aperture is as equally spaced as possible and free of spatial aliasing. However, in the actual acquisition process, due to surface conditions and other factors, seismic traces are often missing, shot checkpoints are irregularly distributed, and coverage times are uneven, resulting in serious spatial aliasing in the actual data. During the offset, arcing and imaging amplitude distortion, discontinuity of the event axis, etc. will occur, making it difficult to meet the exploration requirements. Therefore, data regularization is the most basic and very important part of seismic data processing.

[0128] Regularization methods are mainly divided into the following three categories. One is the interpolation regularization method based on signal analysis theory, which assumes that the seismic phase axis is linearly predictable. Its idea is to reconstruct the Fourier spectrum of regular data using inversion methods under multiple constraints. The second is the model-based regularization method. The core idea of ​​this method is to map irregular data bodies to regular data bodies with the help of velocity models or velocity assumptions. The model accuracy has a greater impact on the regularization effect. The third type of regularization method is the sparse domain compressed sensing reconstruction method. Its core idea is to use the randomness and redundancy of irregular acquisition data, select a reasonable sparse domain expression, obtain signal compression recognition, and then perform sparse inverse transformation to achieve signal interpolation and noise suppression. However, there are potential risks in the selection of transform domains, random sampling methods, and redundancy estimation, which may lose effective information and increase erroneous information. Zhang Yan et al. proposed a seismic data regularization method that combines wavelet domain and deep learning. Although it can accurately represent the texture characteristics of seismic data, it is difficult to achieve ideal results when samples are limited. At present, anti-aliasing data regularization and five-dimensional reconstruction of pre-stack three-dimensional seismic data have become key processing links to improve imaging quality and data fidelity and amplitude preservation. Seismic data interpolation methods are expanding to higher dimensions. Research on efficient, high-precision, noise-resistant, and anti-aliasing data interpolation methods and improving the lateral continuity of seismic data have become the development trend of interpolation and reconstruction methods.

[0129] For the reasons mentioned above, it is necessary to preprocess the input data so that it has a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio and a good sampling rate. To achieve this, five-dimensional regularization (5D MPFI) was applied to this particular dataset to regularize the data and clean the data.

[0130] In addition, it should be pointed out that in seismic data processing, the removal of multiple waves is generally placed after static correction, amplitude compensation, deconvolution and comprehensive denoising, so that the seismic data has a better signal-to-noise ratio. Similarly, the extended interlayer multiple wave prediction subtraction method (XIMP technology) also requires seismic data to have a good signal-to-noise ratio.

[0131] S2: Use Radon transform to remove some multiple waves.

[0132] In the seismic pre-stack gathers after dynamic correction using stacking velocity, the primary wave can be corrected by the hyperbolic time difference equation to eliminate the influence of the shot offset on the travel time of the reflection wave and flatten the seismic reflection wave. Since the velocity of the multiple waves is less than that of the primary wave, the correction is insufficient. As the shot offset increases, the time difference between the multiple waves and the primary wave also increases, and presents a downward-bending parabola shape. The use of Radon transform can separate the primary wave and the multiple waves, and the effect of suppressing the multiple waves is better.

[0133] The Radon transform method for suppressing multiple waves is to perform Radon forward transform on the seismic gathers after dynamic correction (tx domain) to obtain the primary and multiple wave distribution in the Radon domain (τ-q domain). The transformation relationship of the seismic gathers from the tx domain to the τ-q domain is shown in formula (1).

[0134] Through transformation, the parabolic trajectory of seismic reflection in the tx domain is transformed into a point in the τ-q domain. Since the parabolic curvature of multiple waves is different from that of primary waves, primary waves and multiple waves correspond to different positions in the τ-q domain. After setting the energy of the region where the multiple waves are located to zero, the inverse Radon transform is performed and returned to the tx domain to obtain the seismic gather after suppressing the multiple waves. The transformation relationship is shown in formula (2).

[0135] It should be pointed out that the key to suppressing multiple waves using Radon transform is whether the velocity field can be accurately established. Only when the velocity of the primary wave is accurate can a smaller time difference parameter be selected to suppress the interference of multiple waves with a small velocity difference from the primary wave as much as possible. If the selected velocity is too small, the ability to suppress multiple waves is weak, and many multiple waves remain, and a good suppression effect cannot be achieved; if the selected velocity is too large, the suppression process is prone to excessive, and while suppressing multiple waves, a part of the primary wave will also be removed, thereby damaging the seismic reflection energy of the effective wave and reducing the imaging quality.

[0136] S3: Use the XIMP model to remove residual multiple waves.

[0137] It can be seen from the principle of Radon transform to remove multiple waves that Radon transform removal of multiple waves is very dependent on the speed difference between the multiple waves and the primary wave. For multiple waves with a large speed difference with the primary wave, Radon transform can be better removed without damaging the valid signal, while for multiple waves with a small speed difference with the primary wave, it is easy to damage the valid signal. For multiple waves with a small speed difference with the primary wave, the present invention proposes to use Radon transform to remove multiple waves, and then use XIMP technology to remove residual multiple waves.

[0138] The XIMP model is an interlayer multiple suppression algorithm based on the SRME method. According to the generation mechanism of interlayer multiples, the downlink waves related to the target layer that generates interlayer multiples are used as multiple wave contribution gathers, and the target layer and above are used as primary wave input gathers. The reverse time primary wave gathers are convolved with the multiple wave contribution gathers to obtain the interlayer multiple wave virtual path, and then the result is convolved with the multiple wave contribution gathers again to obtain the interlayer multiple waves.

[0139] Next, the main internal multiple horizons are identified and interpreted. Although XIMP has low requirements for prior information and it works well without explicitly interpreted horizons, accurate identification and processing still contribute to more effective multi-model predictions. Therefore, after careful analysis of the stacking results, it is concluded that five horizons may be the most important multiple wave generating layers in this processing. Therefore, in order to better use the inter-layer multiple wave prediction subtraction method (XIMP technology), a total of five corresponding horizons are picked up in this processing (see Fig. 9 ).

[0140] S4: Parallel computation of multiple wave model predictions.

[0141] Based on the five important multiple wave generating layers mentioned above, all relevant internal multiple wave models are predicted, and the original multiple wave model data for subsequent subtraction will be output respectively (see Figures 10 to 14 ).

[0142] S5: Adaptively subtract five sets of original multiple wave model data.

[0143] The Radon transform is used to remove multiple CMP gather data and the five sets of original multiple wave model data generated in the fourth step to adaptively subtract, and the final combined CMP gather data with interlayer multiple waves removed is obtained (see Figures 15 to 17 ).

[0144] In summary, in order to solve the problem of interlayer multiple waves in areas with developed multiple waves, the present invention proposes a method for combining and removing interlayer multiple waves. Figure 1 The figure shows a processing flow chart of the combined method for removing interlayer multiple waves in an embodiment of the present invention. After preprocessing, a CMP gather with a higher signal-to-noise ratio is obtained. Radon transform is performed on the gather to remove multiple waves with a large velocity difference from the primary wave. Then, the layer that may produce multiple waves is loaded onto the CMP, and the XIMP technology is used to predict the multiple wave model, and adaptively subtracted to obtain the CMP gather data after combined removal of interlayer multiple waves.

[0145] Effect display: Fig. 9 Shown are the layers picked up in the test area that may produce multiple waves. Figures 10 to 14 The figure shows the multiple wave model data (CMP gather data) predicted by using XIMP technology for five sets of layers that may generate multiple waves according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.15 Shown is the superposition display of five sets of multiple wave model data predicted by an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.16 The figure shows the velocity spectrum display before and after the combined method of removing interlayer multiple waves is used in the embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen that the multiple wave energy cluster on the velocity spectrum is significantly weakened after the removal, indicating that the present invention has an obvious effect in removing multiple waves. Fig.17The figure shows the conventional stacking of seismic data before multiple wave removal, after multiple wave removal by Radon transform, and after residual multiple wave removal by XIMP technology. It can be seen that the present invention has an obvious effect on removing interlayer multiple waves.

[0146] From the above description, it can be seen that an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for removing interlayer multiple waves, including: firstly performing a Radon transform on the seismic track gather data of the target work area to perform a first removal of the interlayer multiple waves of the seismic track data; determining the interlayer multiple waves in the first removal result according to a pre-generated interlayer multiple wave suppression model and the first removal result of the interlayer multiple waves; and adaptively subtracting the first removal result of the interlayer multiple waves from the interlayer multiple waves in the first removal result to remove the interlayer multiple waves in the seismic track gather data of the target work area.

[0147] Since the high-precision Radon transform has a poor effect on removing interlayer multiple waves with a velocity similar to that of the primary wave, and the extended interlayer multiple wave prediction subtraction method (XIMP model) can better predict the multiple wave model based on the provided layer, and also has a certain removal effect on the interlayer multiple waves with a velocity similar to that of the primary wave, the present application proposes a method of first using a high-precision Radon transform to remove multiple waves with a large difference in velocity from the primary wave, and then using the XIMP model to remove residual multiple waves with a small difference in velocity from the primary wave in the seismic data. This combined method has better removal effect than using either XIMP technology or Radon transform alone.

[0148] Embodiment 4:

[0149] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present application also provide a device for removing interlayer multiple waves, which can be used to implement the methods described in the above embodiments, such as the following embodiments. Since the principle of solving the problem by the device for removing interlayer multiple waves is similar to that of the method for removing interlayer multiple waves, the implementation of the device for removing interlayer multiple waves can refer to the implementation of the method for removing interlayer multiple waves, and the repeated parts will not be repeated. As used below, the terms "unit" or "module" can be a combination of software and / or hardware that implements predetermined functions. Although the system described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, the implementation of hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and conceivable.

[0150] The embodiment of the present invention provides a specific implementation of an interlayer multiple wave removal device capable of realizing an interlayer multiple wave removal method, see Fig.18 , the interlayer multiple wave removal device includes:

[0151] An interlayer multiple wave primary removal module is used to perform Radon transformation on the seismic trace data of the target work area to perform a first removal of the interlayer multiple waves of the seismic trace data;

[0152] An interlayer multiple wave determination module, used for determining the interlayer multiple waves in the first removal result according to a pre-generated interlayer multiple wave suppression model and the interlayer multiple wave first removal result;

[0153] The interlayer multiple wave secondary removal module is used to adaptively subtract the interlayer multiple waves in the first removal result from the interlayer multiple waves, so as to remove the interlayer multiple waves in the seismic track gather data of the target work area.

[0154] In one embodiment of the present invention, the interlayer multiple wave suppression model is generated in the Shearlet domain by using the upgoing waves and downgoing waves of the target layer as model data.

[0155] In one embodiment of the present invention, the interlayer multiple wave primary removal module includes:

[0156] A time difference parameter determination unit, used to determine the time difference parameter according to the velocity field of the target work area;

[0157] A Radon transform unit for the seismic gather data is used to perform Radon transform on the seismic gather data according to the time difference parameters.

[0158] In one embodiment of the present invention, the gather data pull transformation unit includes:

[0159] A data pull forward transformation unit, used for performing a pull forward transformation on the seismic track gather data according to the time difference parameter to obtain multiple waves of the seismic track gather data in the τ-q domain;

[0160] The data pulling inverse transformation unit is used to perform Radon inverse transformation on the multiple waves of the seismic track gather data in the τ-q domain to generate the first removal result of the inter-layer multiple waves.

[0161] In one embodiment of the present invention, the device for removing interlayer multiple waves further comprises:

[0162] A multiple wave suppression model generation module is used to generate the multiple wave suppression model. The multiple wave suppression model generation module includes:

[0163] A multiple wave contribution gather generating unit, used for generating multiple wave contribution gathers according to the downgoing waves of the target layer generating the interlayer multiple waves;

[0164] A primary wave input gather generating unit, used for generating a primary wave input gather according to the upgoing wave of the target layer;

[0165] The multiple wave suppression model generating unit is used to determine the mapping relationship between the multiple wave contribution gathers and the primary wave input gathers in the shearlet domain to generate the multiple wave suppression model.

[0166] In one embodiment of the present invention, the multiple wave suppression model generation unit includes:

[0167] A virtual path determination unit, configured to convolve the primary wave input gather with the multiple wave contribution gather to determine a virtual path of the interlayer multiple wave;

[0168] The multiple wave suppression model generating subunit is used to determine the mapping relationship according to the virtual path to generate the multiple wave suppression model.

[0169] In one embodiment of the present invention, the device for removing interlayer multiple waves further includes:

[0170] The seismic gather data preprocessing module is used to perform five-dimensional regularization processing on the seismic gather data.

[0171] From the above description, it can be seen that an embodiment of the present invention provides an interlayer multiple wave removal device, including: an interlayer multiple wave first removal module, used to perform Radon transform on the seismic track gather data of the target work area to perform a first removal of interlayer multiple waves of the seismic track data; an interlayer multiple wave determination module, used to determine the interlayer multiple waves in the first removal result based on a pre-generated interlayer multiple wave suppression model and the first removal result of interlayer multiple waves; an interlayer multiple wave second removal module, used to adaptively subtract the first removal result of interlayer multiple waves from the interlayer multiple waves in the first removal result to remove the interlayer multiple waves in the seismic track gather data of the target work area.

[0172] The device for removing interlayer multiple waves provided in an embodiment of the present invention first uses a high-precision Radon transform to remove multiple waves with a large velocity difference from the primary wave, and then uses the XIMP model to remove residual multiple waves with a small velocity difference from the primary wave in the seismic data. This can effectively remove interlayer multiple waves. This combined multiple removal method is better than using the XIMP model or Radon transform method alone to remove multiple waves.

[0173] Embodiment five:

[0174] The embodiment of the present application also provides a specific implementation of an electronic device capable of implementing all steps in the method for removing interlayer multiple waves in the above embodiment, see Fig.19 , electronic equipment specifically includes the following:

[0175] Processor (processor) 1201, memory (memory) 1202, communication interface (CommunicationsInterface) 1203 and bus 1204;

[0176] The processor 1201, the memory 1202, and the communication interface 1203 communicate with each other through the bus 1204; the communication interface 1203 is used to realize information transmission between the server device and the client device and other related devices;

[0177] The processor 1201 is used to call the computer program in the memory 1202. When the processor executes the computer program, all steps in the method for removing interlayer multiple waves in the above embodiment are implemented. For example, when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:

[0178] Performing Radon transformation on the seismic trace data of the target work area to remove the interlayer multiple waves of the seismic trace data for the first time;

[0179] Determine the interlayer multiples in the first removal result according to the pre-generated interlayer multiple suppression model and the first removal result of the interlayer multiples;

[0180] The interlayer multiple waves in the seismic trace gather data of the target work area are adaptively subtracted from the interlayer multiple waves in the first removal result.

[0181] In one embodiment, the interlayer multiple wave suppression model is generated in the Shearlet domain by using the upgoing waves and downgoing waves of the target layer as model data.

[0182] In one embodiment, Radon transform is performed on seismic trace data of a target work area to remove interlayer multiple waves of the seismic trace data for the first time, including:

[0183] Determining a time difference parameter according to the velocity field of the target work area;

[0184] Performing Radon transform on the seismic track gather data according to the time difference parameters.

[0185] In one embodiment, performing Radon transform on the seismic gather data according to the time difference parameter includes:

[0186] Performing Radon transformation on the seismic gather data according to the time difference parameter to obtain multiple waves of the seismic gather data in the τ-q domain;

[0187] The multiple waves of the seismic gather data in the τ-q domain are subjected to Radon inverse transformation to generate the first removal result of the interlayer multiple waves.

[0188] In one embodiment, the step of generating the multiple wave suppression model comprises:

[0189] Generate multiple wave contribution gathers based on the downgoing waves of the target layer that generates interlayer multiple waves;

[0190] generating a primary wave input gather according to the upgoing wave of the target layer;

[0191] In the shearlet domain, a mapping relationship between the multiple wave contribution gathers and the primary wave input gathers is determined to generate the multiple wave suppression model.

[0192] In one embodiment, in the shearlet domain, determining a mapping relationship between the multiple wave contribution gathers and the primary wave input gathers to generate the multiple wave suppression model includes:

[0193] Convolving the primary input gather with the multiple contribution gather to determine a virtual path of the interlayer multiples;

[0194] The mapping relationship is determined according to the virtual path to generate the multiple wave suppression model.

[0195] In one embodiment, before performing Radon transform on the seismic trace gather data of the target work area to remove the interlayer multiple waves of the seismic trace data for the first time, the method further includes:

[0196] The seismic gather data are subjected to five-dimensional regularization processing.

[0197] Embodiment six:

[0198] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium capable of implementing all steps of the method for removing interlayer multiple waves in the above embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, all steps of the method for removing interlayer multiple waves in the above embodiments are implemented. For example, when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:

[0199] Performing Radon transformation on the seismic trace data of the target work area to remove the interlayer multiple waves of the seismic trace data for the first time;

[0200] Determine the interlayer multiples in the first removal result according to the pre-generated interlayer multiple suppression model and the first removal result of the interlayer multiples;

[0201] The interlayer multiple waves in the seismic trace gather data of the target work area are adaptively subtracted from the interlayer multiple waves in the first removal result.

[0202] In one embodiment, the interlayer multiple wave suppression model is generated in the Shearlet domain by using the upgoing waves and downgoing waves of the target layer as model data.

[0203] In one embodiment, Radon transform is performed on seismic trace data of a target work area to remove interlayer multiple waves of the seismic trace data for the first time, including:

[0204] Determining a time difference parameter according to the velocity field of the target work area;

[0205] Performing Radon transform on the seismic track gather data according to the time difference parameters.

[0206] In one embodiment, performing Radon transform on the seismic gather data according to the time difference parameter includes:

[0207] Performing Radon transformation on the seismic gather data according to the time difference parameter to obtain multiple waves of the seismic gather data in the τ-q domain;

[0208] The multiple waves of the seismic gather data in the τ-q domain are subjected to Radon inverse transformation to generate the first removal result of the interlayer multiple waves.

[0209] In one embodiment, the step of generating the multiple wave suppression model comprises:

[0210] Generate multiple wave contribution gathers based on the downgoing waves of the target layer that generates interlayer multiple waves;

[0211] generating a primary wave input gather according to the upgoing wave of the target layer;

[0212] In the shearlet domain, a mapping relationship between the multiple wave contribution gathers and the primary wave input gathers is determined to generate the multiple wave suppression model.

[0213] In one embodiment, in the shearlet domain, determining a mapping relationship between the multiple wave contribution gathers and the primary wave input gathers to generate the multiple wave suppression model includes:

[0214] Convolving the primary input gather with the multiple contribution gather to determine a virtual path of the interlayer multiples;

[0215] The mapping relationship is determined according to the virtual path to generate the multiple wave suppression model.

[0216] In one embodiment, before performing Radon transform on the seismic trace gather data of the target work area to remove the interlayer multiple waves of the seismic trace data for the first time, the method further includes:

[0217] The seismic gather data are subjected to five-dimensional regularization processing.

[0218] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the hardware + program embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment.

[0219] The above is a description of a specific embodiment of the specification. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in an order different from that in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. In addition, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0220] Although the present application provides method operation steps such as embodiments or flow charts, more or fewer operation steps may be included based on conventional or non-creative labor. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is only one way of executing the order of many steps and does not represent the only execution order. When the actual device or client product is executed, it can be executed in the order of the method shown in the embodiments or the drawings or in parallel (for example, in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment).

[0221] For the convenience of description, the above devices are described in various modules according to their functions. Of course, when implementing the embodiments of this specification, the functions of each module can be implemented in the same or more software and / or hardware, or the module implementing the same function can be implemented by a combination of multiple sub-modules or sub-units. The device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0222] Those skilled in the art also know that, in addition to implementing the controller in a purely computer-readable program code, the controller can be made to implement the same function in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers by logically programming the method steps. Therefore, such a controller can be considered as a hardware component, and the devices for implementing various functions included therein can also be considered as structures within the hardware component. Or even, the devices for implementing various functions can be considered as both software modules for implementing the method and structures within the hardware component.

[0223] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0224] The memory may include non-permanent storage in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0225] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment. In the description of this specification, the description of the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiment of this specification. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily target the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, in the absence of contradiction, a person skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0226] The above is only an example of the embodiment of the present specification and is not intended to limit the embodiment of the present specification. For those skilled in the art, the embodiment of the present specification may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the embodiment of the present specification shall be included in the scope of the claims of the embodiment of the present specification.

Claims

1. A method for removing interlayer multiple waves, It is characterized in that include: Performing Radon transformation on the seismic trace data of the target work area to remove the interlayer multiple waves of the seismic trace data for the first time; Determine the interlayer multiples in the first removal result according to the pre-generated interlayer multiple suppression model and the first removal result of the interlayer multiples; The interlayer multiple waves in the seismic trace gather data of the target work area are adaptively subtracted from the interlayer multiple waves in the first removal result.

2. The method for removing interlayer multiple waves according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The interlayer multiple wave suppression model is generated in the Shearlet domain by using the upgoing waves and downgoing waves of the target layer as model data.

3. The method for removing interlayer multiple waves according to claim 1, It is characterized in that Performing Radon transformation on the seismic trace data of the target work area to remove the interlayer multiple waves of the seismic trace data for the first time, including: Determining a time difference parameter according to the velocity field of the target work area; Performing Radon transform on the seismic track gather data according to the time difference parameters.

4. The method for removing interlayer multiple waves according to claim 3, It is characterized in that Performing Radon transformation on the seismic gather data according to the time difference parameter includes: Performing Radon transformation on the seismic gather data according to the time difference parameter to obtain multiple waves of the seismic gather data in the τ-q domain; The multiple waves of the seismic gather data in the τ-q domain are subjected to Radon inverse transformation to generate the first removal result of the interlayer multiple waves.

5. The method for removing interlayer multiple waves according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The step of generating the multiple wave suppression model comprises: Generate multiple wave contribution gathers based on the downgoing waves of the target layer that generates interlayer multiple waves; generating a primary wave input gather according to the upgoing wave of the target layer; In the shearlet domain, a mapping relationship between the multiple wave contribution gathers and the primary wave input gathers is determined to generate the multiple wave suppression model.

6. The method for removing interlayer multiple waves according to claim 5, It is characterized in that In the shearlet domain, determining a mapping relationship between the multiple wave contribution gathers and the primary wave input gathers to generate the multiple wave suppression model includes: Convolving the primary input gather with the multiple contribution gather to determine a virtual path of the interlayer multiples; The mapping relationship is determined according to the virtual path to generate the multiple wave suppression model.

7. The method for removing interlayer multiple waves according to claim 1, It is characterized in that Before performing Radon transformation on the seismic trace data of the target work area to remove the interlayer multiple waves of the seismic trace data for the first time, the method further includes: The seismic gather data are subjected to five-dimensional regularization processing.

8. A device for removing interlayer multiple waves, It is characterized in that include: An interlayer multiple wave primary removal module is used to perform Radon transformation on the seismic trace data of the target work area to perform a first removal of the interlayer multiple waves of the seismic trace data; An interlayer multiple wave determination module, used for determining the interlayer multiple waves in the first removal result according to a pre-generated interlayer multiple wave suppression model and the interlayer multiple wave first removal result; The interlayer multiple wave secondary removal module is used to adaptively subtract the interlayer multiple waves in the first removal result from the interlayer multiple waves, so as to remove the interlayer multiple waves in the seismic track gather data of the target work area.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, It is characterized in that When the processor executes the program, the steps of the method for removing interlayer multiple waves according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, It is characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for removing interlayer multiple waves according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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