Grate rail separating element for combustion grate

Abstract

The invention relates to a grate rail separating element (11) for a combustion grate for combusting waste, comprising a channel element (15) and a channel cover plate (17) for covering the channel element (15), the channel cover plate (17) comprising at least one cover plate element (21, 23) and a closing element (25) with a locking device; wherein the closing element (25) has a bearing surface facing away from the channel element (15) and a first engagement element arranged towards the cover element (21, 23); the cover element (21, 23) has a bearing surface facing away from the channel element (15), a stop element arranged in the direction of the channel element (15), a second engagement element arranged in the direction of the closing element (25) and designed to receive the first engagement element, and a recess arranged in the direction of the closing element (25) and designed to receive a locking device of the closing element (25); and wherein the locking device is configured such that it releasably locks the closure element (25) in the channel element (15).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a grate track dividing element for a combustion grate for burning garbage, and a combustion grate comprising at least one such grate track dividing element.

[0002] Burning grates for large-scale combustion of waste are already known to the person skilled in the art. Such burning grates can be present, for example, in the form of pusher burning grates, which include movable parts for performing a poking stroke. In this process, the burnt material is conveyed in a transport direction from the inlet end to the outlet end of the burning grate and burns during this process. In order to supply the burning grate with the oxygen required for combustion, a corresponding air supply device is provided which passes through the burning grate and through which air (also called primary air) is introduced.

[0003] A common combustion grate is the so-called step grate. It consists of grate blocks arranged side by side, each of which forms a grate block row. The grate block rows are arranged in a step-like manner one above the other, wherein in a so-called push-type grate, the front end of a grate block rests on the support surface of the grate block adjacent (below) in the transport direction and moves on this support surface during a corresponding push movement.

[0004] Due to the high temperatures during combustion or in the combustion chamber, the grate blocks are also subject to very strong thermal loads. The thermal loads promote erosion due to wear and chemical reactions on the bearing surfaces, which further damage the bearing surfaces. All of this ultimately leads to a shortened service life of the grate blocks.

[0005] In order to reduce the heat load, the grate bars are usually cooled from below, i.e. on the side of the combustion grate opposite to the combustion, with a coolant or cooling fluid. Water or air is usually used as a coolant, so it is also often referred to as air-cooled or water-cooled grate blocks.

[0006] Since the grate rails expand due to the heat generated by the combustion and contract again when the grate furnace of the pusher grate is out of operation, the individual grate rails are arranged so that they can expand at least on one longitudinal side. This expansion can lead to problems if components are deformed as a result and / or gaps are created through which primary air can enter the combustion chamber uncontrolledly. This primary air can promote uncontrolled combustion, which further increases the heat load.

[0007] In double-track pusher grates or pusher grates with a plurality of double-track grate tracks arranged side by side, a grate track partition consisting of a single fixedly arranged grate partition element is formed in the middle between two grate tracks, which is also called a center beam.

[0008] DE 69105120 T2 discloses a connecting bracket which is intended to ensure thermal expansion compensation and sealing of the space between two laterally connected grate rails.

[0009] WO 2018 / 149516 A1 discloses a grate rail dividing element which is formed as a one-piece cast component. Due to its construction as a one-piece element, the grate rail dividing element can only absorb lateral expansions of the grate rail to a limited extent, which can result in the above-mentioned gaps and thus lead to unintentional entry of primary air into the combustion chamber.

[0010] It is therefore an object of the present invention to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a grate rail dividing element which compensates for the thermal expansion of the grate rail and thereby prevents uncontrolled leakage of primary air into the combustion chamber.

[0011] According to the invention, this object is achieved by a grate block according to claim 1 and a combustion grate according to claims 12 and 13 as well as a combustion device according to claim 15. Preferred embodiments of the invention are given in the dependent claims.

[0012] The present invention relates to a grate track dividing element for a combustion grate for burning garbage. The grate track dividing element comprises a channel element and a channel cover plate for covering the channel element. The channel cover plate comprises at least one cover plate element and a closing element with a locking device. The closing element comprises a supporting surface facing away from the channel element and a first engaging element arranged toward the cover plate element. The cover plate element comprises a supporting surface facing away from the channel element, a stop element arranged toward the channel element, a second engaging element arranged toward the closing element and configured to accommodate the first engaging element, and a recess arranged toward the closing element for accommodating the locking device of the closing element. The locking device is configured so that it can releasably lock the closing element in the channel element.

[0013] In the context of the present invention, the term "engaging element" is understood to mean an element that engages into or is engaged by another element. Accordingly, for example, a protrusion and a recess for the protrusion are both referred to as engaging elements.

[0014] Compared to the prior art solutions, the grate rail dividing element of the invention has the advantage that the expansion of the grate rail is compensated by compressing the channel element. This leads to a better tightness of the entire structure and thus reduces the uncontrolled flow of primary air into the combustion chamber. The structure with a fixed cover plate according to WO 2018 / 149516 A1 does not achieve the same improved tightness, because due to the lower elasticity of the "one-piece" channel element, the expansion of the grate rail cannot be effectively compensated.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the grate rail partitioning element, the channel covering comprises a second covering element, which is preferably constructed identically to the first covering element.

[0016] When fixing the channel cover, a compromise is preferably chosen between the number of individual components to be installed and the weight of the individual components to be installed. In embodiments in which the cover element and the closing element are evenly distributed, either the cover element is relatively heavy or the workload for fixing the closing element is high. For heavier cover elements, which therefore cover a larger area of ​​the channel element, two installers are required to place the cover element on the channel element together. In addition, the workload for fixing the closing element is not negligible. Therefore, it is preferred to fix a sequence consisting of two preferably identically constructed cover elements and a closing element, whereby the individual components are lighter and therefore easier to install, and the number of closing elements is reduced, which reduces the workload for fixing them.

[0017] Preferably, the first engagement element is configured as a projection and the second engagement element is configured as a recess. Accordingly, the engagement element can be configured both as a projection and as a recess for accommodating a projection. In a preferred embodiment, the cover elements each include an engagement element configured as a recess, and the closing element includes an engagement element configured as a projection (also referred to as a nose), which is adapted to the recess of the cover element. In another preferred embodiment, the closing element includes two engagement elements configured as projections that are opposite to each other and that respectively engage in the recess of the cover element.

[0018] By means of this design, a better fixing of the channel cover in the channel element is achieved, which improves the tightness of the grate rail partition element.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the grate rail dividing element, the channel element comprises an opening arranged towards the channel cover for accommodating the stop element of the cover element. The opening is configured as a slot with a cutout and is narrower than the width of the stop element. The cutout is configured to be wider than the width of the stop element of the cover element.

[0020] In the context of the present invention, a slot with a notch is understood to be an elongated opening parallel to the longitudinal axis of the channel element which has locally a widening (notch) which is wider than the slot.

[0021] By means of this preferred structure, the cover element and the closure element can be inserted into the channel element at the position of the cutout, and then pushed to the final installation position. Therefore, this structure can simplify the installation and disassembly of the cover element and the closure element without reducing its sealing ability.

[0022] Preferably, the channel element comprises a cooling fluid channel with a cooling fluid inlet opening and a cooling fluid outlet opening.By installing the fluid channel or using the channel element as a fluid channel, it can be cooled, which reduces the wear of the grate rail dividing elements and thus prolongs their service life.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the grate rail partition element, the opening of the channel element arranged toward the channel cover plate extends into the fluid channel. This preferred structure can simplify the production of each element, thereby reducing its price and the price of the entire device.

[0024] Preferably, the grate track dividing element comprises a sealing element mounted laterally on the wall of the channel element, wherein the sealing element further improves the sealing of the grate and reduces uncontrolled flow of primary air into the combustion chamber.

[0025] Pusher grates usually include movable and immovable grate blocks, which are arranged in rows of movable and immovable grate blocks. While the rows of immovable grate blocks compress the grate track dividing elements by thermal expansion, this is not the case for the rows of movable grate blocks, since they must remain movable. It is therefore preferred that sealing elements are mounted on the grate track dividing elements above the grate block contact points, and particularly preferably, the sealing elements are mounted only above the movable grate blocks.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the grate rail partitioning element, the support surface of the cover element facing away from the channel element and the support surface of the closure element facing away from the channel element are designed in the form of a gable roof or a double-pitched gable roof, preferably with rounded edges.

[0027] In the context of the present invention, the term gable roof shape is understood to mean a shape similar to a gable roof. That is, a shape in which the roof surface slopes downward on both sides of the longitudinally extending gable. In the context of the present invention, a double-pitched gable roof shape is understood to mean a special gable roof form in which the side roof surface sloping downward from the gable does not extend as a plane, but is divided into a plurality of planes with different inclinations.

[0028] Further preferred embodiments of the contact surfaces of the cover element and the closure element facing away from the channel element are semicircular, oval or flat.

[0029] The preferred embodiment of the support surface described has proven to be particularly effective in transporting and distributing the combustible material on the combustion grate, so that no combustible material remains on the grate rail dividing elements.

[0030] Preferably, the locking device is designed as a clip, wherein the clip is particularly preferably arranged between the contact surface of the closure element and the channel element.

[0031] This preferred embodiment of the locking device enables simple installation and removal while having a high fixing stability, so that the closure element can be fixed stably but is also easy to install and remove.

[0032] Arranging the clamp below the support surface can protect the clamp from direct contact with the burnt material, whereby the clamp will not be blocked or stuck by the burnt material and is therefore easy to install and remove.

[0033] In another preferred embodiment, the locking device is configured as a pin with a locking pin, a screw with or without a nut, or an expansion element. All embodiments allow the locking device to be loosened with little effort to remove the closure element. For embodiments in which the locking device is configured as a pin with a locking pin, a screw with or without a nut, or an expansion element, it is also preferred to arrange the locking device below the support surface to protect it from direct contact with the object to be burned.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the grate rail partitioning element, the support surface of the cover element facing away from the channel element and the support surface of the closing element facing away from the channel element are designed in the manner of a monopitched roof.

[0035] In the context of the present invention, the term mono-pitched is understood to mean a shape similar to a mono-pitched roof. In a mono-pitched roof, one roof side slopes downward from the gable at an angle between 10° and 80°, while the other opposite roof side slopes downward vertically or approximately vertically. This embodiment is preferably adopted when the grate rail dividing element extends along the combustion chamber wall.

[0036] A support surface of mono-pitched roof-like construction has the advantage that the material to be combusted does not remain at the sides, preferably not on the side walls of the combustion chamber, where uncontrolled combustion could occur.

[0037] Preferably, the locking device comprises a plate and a pin fixing the plate in the closing element.This enables simple installation and removal at grate track dividing elements which are accessible only from one side, for example at grate track dividing elements which extend along a combustion chamber wall.

[0038] The invention also relates to a combustion grate comprising at least two grate rails and a grate rail dividing element as described above arranged between the grate rails.

[0039] As described above, the combustion grate of the invention has the advantage that controlled combustion air flow into the combustion chamber is prevented. The invention also relates to a combustion grate comprising at least one grate track and a grate track dividing element as described above arranged between the grate track and the side wall of the combustion chamber of the combustion device.

[0040] As described above, the combustion grate of the present invention has the advantage that the controlled combustion air is prevented from flowing into the combustion chamber and no combustibles remain along the side walls.

[0041] The present invention also relates to a combustion device for thermally treating garbage, which comprises one or more combustion grates as described above.

[0042] As described above, the combustion apparatus of the present invention has the advantage that controlled combustion air is prevented from flowing into the combustion chamber, whereby the combustion of garbage can be performed more efficiently and the apparatus requires less maintenance.

[0043] The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to some embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. If alternative embodiments differ only in individual features, the same reference numerals are used for the features that remain unchanged. The accompanying drawings are shown in purely schematic form:

[0044] Figure 1 A perspective view showing a combustion chamber of a combustion apparatus;

[0045] Figure 2 showing a perspective view of a combustion grate with grate track divider elements;

[0046] Figure 3 Show Figure 2 A perspective view of a grate track dividing element;

[0047] Figure 4 Show Figure 3 An exploded view of the grate track divider elements;

[0048] Figure 5 A perspective view showing an embodiment of a channel cover;

[0049] Figure 6 A top view of an embodiment of a cover element is shown;

[0050] Figure 7 A top view showing an embodiment of a closure element;

[0051] Figure 8 showing a perspective view of a combustion grate with grate track divider elements;

[0052] Fig. 9 Shown along Figure 8 A longitudinal cross-sectional view of a combustion grate;

[0053] Fig.10 Show Figure 8 A perspective view of a grate track dividing element;

[0054] Fig.11 Show Fig.10 An exploded view of the grate track divider elements;

[0055] Fig.12 A detail view showing a sealing element mounted laterally on a channel element wall;

[0056] Figure 1The combustion chamber 1 of the combustion device shown in 1 comprises a side wall 3, a combustion grate 5 comprising an air-cooled grate track 7 and a water-cooled grate track 9. Furthermore, the combustion grate 5 comprises two grate track partition elements 11,13.

[0057] Figure 2 A combustion grate 5 is shown comprising an air cooled grate track 7, a water cooled grate track 9 and a grate track dividing element 11 arranged between the two grate tracks.

[0058] Figure 3 A grate rail dividing element 11 comprising a channel element 15 , a channel cover plate 17 and a sealing element 19 is shown.

[0059] Figure 4 The grate rail dividing element 11 is shown with a raised channel cover 17. The channel cover 17 consists of two cover elements 21, 23 and a closing element 25. The channel element 15 comprises a slot 27 extending in the longitudinal direction of the channel element 15, which slot 27 has a cutout 29.

[0060] Figure 5 A detailed view of a channel cover 17 comprising cover elements 21, 23 and a closing element 25 is shown. The cover elements 21, 23 comprise stop elements 31, 32, which are located on the side of the cover elements 21, 23 facing the channel element 15. On the side facing away from the channel element 15, the cover elements 21, 23 have support surfaces 33, 35, on which the objects to be combusted rest. In this embodiment, the support surfaces 33, 35 are configured in the shape of a double-pitched gable roof with rounded edges. In addition, the cover elements 21, 23 have engagement elements 37, 39, which are configured as recesses here. The engagement elements 37, 39 are arranged toward the closing element 25. Below the engagement elements 37, 39, the cover elements 21, 23 each have a recess 41, 43 (wherein the recess 43 is not visible at the cover element 23 in this figure). The recess 41 is used to accommodate a locking device (described later). Figure 5 Also shown is a closure element 25 with a contact surface 45 and two engagement elements 47, 49 designed as projections. The closure element 25 also comprises a locking device 49 designed as a clip.

[0061] Figure 6 A top view of the cover elements 21 , 23 is shown, including the stop elements 31 , 32 , the recesses 41 , 43 and the engagement element 39 (the engagement element 37 is not visible).

[0062] Figure 7 A top view of the closure element 25 with the engagement element 47 and the locking device 49 is shown.

[0063] Figure 8A detailed view of a combustion plant comprising a side wall 3 , a combustion grate 5 with an air-cooled grate track 7 and a grate track dividing element 13 arranged between the side wall 3 and the grate track 7 is shown.

[0064] Fig. 9 Shown along Figure 8 A longitudinal section through a combustion device of FIG. 1 with side walls 3 , a combustion grate 5 , an air-cooled grate rail 7 and a grate rail partition element 13 arranged between the side walls 3 and the grate rail 7 .

[0065] Fig.10 A detailed view of a grate rail dividing element 13 comprising a channel element 15 , a sealing element 19 mounted laterally thereon and a channel cover 17 comprising cover elements 21 , 23 and a closing element 25 is shown.

[0066] Fig.11 A detailed view of a channel cover 17 with cover elements 21, 23 and a closure element 25 is shown. Here, the support surfaces 33, 35 of the cover elements 21, 23 are designed in the form of a sloping roof with rounded edges. The cover elements 21, 23 have stop elements 31, 32 on the side facing the channel element 15. In addition, the cover elements 21, 23 include engagement elements 37, 39 on the side facing the closure element 25, which are designed as recesses. In addition, the cover elements 21, 23 also include recesses 41, 43 for accommodating a locking device 49 (recess 41 is not visible). Fig.11 Also shown is the closing element 25 with the locking device 49 which is designed here as a plate with a pin.

[0067] Fig.12 A detailed view of the transition from the grate rail partitioning element 13 to the combustion grate 5 is shown. The channel element 15 comprises a sealing element 19 mounted laterally on the channel element 15. The sealing element 19 is mounted above a row of movable grate blocks 51 which move back and forth on sliding surfaces 53 of immovable grate blocks 55. The sealing element 19 closes the gaps (not shown) created when the combustion grate 5 contracts, through which primary air could enter the combustion chamber uncontrolled.

Claims

1. A grate track dividing element (11, 13) for a combustion grate (5) for burning garbage, the grate track dividing element (11, 13) include: a channel element (15), and A channel cover (17) for covering the channel element (15), the channel cover (17) comprising at least one cover element (21, 23) and a closing element (25) with a locking device (49); wherein the closing element (25) has a bearing surface (45) facing away from the channel element (15) and a first engagement element (47, 49) arranged toward the cover element (21, 23); wherein the cover element (21, 23) comprises a bearing surface (33, 35) facing away from the channel element (15), a stop element (31, 32) arranged toward the channel element (15), a second engagement element (37, 39) arranged toward the closing element (25) and configured to accommodate the first engagement element (47, 49), and a recess (41, 43) arranged toward the closing element (25) for accommodating the locking device (49) of the closing element (25); Therein, the locking device (49) is configured such that it releasably locks the closure element (25) in the channel element (15).

2. The grate track dividing element according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The channel cover (17) comprises a second cover element (21, 23), which is preferably constructed identically to the first cover element (21, 23).

3. The grate track dividing element according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The first engagement elements (47, 49) are configured as projections, and the second engagement elements (37, 39) are configured as recesses.

4. The grate track dividing element according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that The channel element (15) comprises an opening (27) arranged towards the channel cover (17) for accommodating the stop element (31, 32) of the cover element (21, 23), wherein the opening (27) is designed as a groove (28) with a cutout (29), and The groove (28) is narrower than the width of the stop element (31, 32), and the cutout (29) is wider than the width of the stop element (31, 32) of the cover element (21, 23).

5. The grate track dividing element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, It is characterized in that The channel element (15) comprises a cooling fluid channel with a cooling fluid inlet opening and a cooling fluid outlet opening.

6. The grate track dividing element according to claim 5, It is characterized in that An opening (27) of the channel element (15) which is arranged toward the channel cover (17) extends into the fluid channel.

7. The grate track dividing element according to any one of claims 1 to 6, It is characterized in that The grate rail dividing element (11, 13) comprises a sealing element (19) mounted laterally on a wall of the channel element (15).

8. The grate track dividing element according to any one of claims 1 to 7, It is characterized in that The supporting surfaces (33, 35, 45) of the cover elements (21, 23) and the closure element (25) facing away from the channel element (15) are designed in the form of a gable roof or a gable roof, preferably with rounded edges.

9. The grate track dividing element according to any one of claims 1 to 8, It is characterized in that The locking device (49) is designed as a clamp, wherein the clamp is preferably arranged between the support surface (45) of the closure element (25) and the channel element (15).

10. The grate track dividing element according to any one of claims 1 to 7, It is characterized in that The supporting surfaces (33, 35, 45) of the cover elements (21, 23) and the closure element (25) facing away from the channel element (15) are designed in the manner of a pitched roof.

11. The grate track dividing element according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and 10, It is characterized in that The locking device (49) comprises a plate and a pin which fixes the plate in the closing element (25).

12. A combustion grate (5) comprising at least two grate rails (7, 9) and a grate rail dividing element (11) according to any one of claims 1 to 9 arranged between the grate rails (7, 9).

13. A combustion grate (5) comprising at least one grate rail (7) and a grate rail dividing element (13) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, 10 and 11 arranged between the grate rail (7) and a side wall (3) of a combustion chamber of a combustion device.

14. A combustion device for thermal treatment of garbage, comprising one or more combustion grates (5) according to claim 12 and / or 13.

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