Insulating disc and method for spatially insulating motor brush

Abstract

The invention relates to an insulating disc for an electric machine, comprising a slip ring module arranged on a rotor shaft of a rotor of the electric machine and a brush module arranged on a housing of the electric machine. The insulating disc comprises an insulating surface which is configured to spatially shield a brush space formed by the slip ring module and the brush module relative to the housing. In addition, the insulating disc also comprises one or more fastening elements, and the fastening elements can fasten the insulating surface on the brush module and / or the motor housing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an electric machine, for example a current-excited synchronous machine. In particular, the present invention relates to an insulating disk and a method for electrically insulating the brush space of a current-excited rotor of an electric machine. Background Art

[0002] A vehicle that is at least partially electrically driven comprises an electric machine for driving the vehicle. The electric machine comprises a stator surrounding a rotor of the electric machine. The rotor shaft of the current-excited rotor can have a slip ring module with an electrical (module) line, wherein the electrical line is designed for electrically conductively connecting the slip ring to the rotor winding. In addition, the rotor also comprises a brush module, which has brushes for electrically contacting corresponding slip rings of the slip ring module. Summary of the invention

[0003] During the operation of the motor, insulation failure may occur in the motor, thus causing motor failure. The technical purpose of the present application is to avoid insulation failure of a current-excited motor in an efficient and reliable manner.

[0004] The above objects are achieved by the independent claims respectively. Advantageous embodiments are described in particular in the dependent claims. It should be pointed out that the additional features of the claims related to the independent claims can constitute a separate and independent invention outside of all feature combinations of the independent claims without the features of the independent claims or in combination with only some of the features of the independent claims, which can become the subject of independent claims, divisional applications or subsequent applications. The same applies to the technical teachings described in the specification, which can form inventions independent of the features of the independent claims.

[0005] According to one aspect, an insulating disk for a (current-excited) electric machine is described. The electric machine comprises a slip ring module (for example, having two slip rings) arranged (in particular fastened) on a rotor shaft of a rotor of the electric machine. In addition, the electric machine also comprises a brush module arranged (in particular fastened) on a housing of the electric machine. The brush module can have one or more brushes for each slip ring of the slip ring module for making electrical contact with the corresponding slip ring. The slip ring module can be arranged in a (circular) recess of the brush module. The recess of the brush module can surround and / or form a brush space. The brush space can be formed in particular by the slip ring module and the brush module. One or more conductive (metallic and / or hair-like) debris may be present in the brush space, which debris may cause the insulation of the electric machine to fail.

[0006] The insulating disk comprises a (preferably circular) insulating surface which is designed to spatially shield the brush space relative to the housing. The brush module can have at least one end surface, which extends perpendicularly to the motor rotor shaft. The brush module can in particular have an end surface facing or facing away from an end-side housing wall of the motor housing, wherein the housing wall is arranged perpendicular to the rotor shaft. The brush module can optionally be fastened to the motor housing at this end-side housing wall (for example, by one or more fastening pins). The insulating surface can be designed to partially or completely cover the end surface of the brush module.

[0007] The insulating disk, in particular the insulating surface, can have a central opening for receiving the rotor shaft and / or the slip ring module. Thus, the insulating disk can be used in a particularly precise manner to cover an end face of the brush module, which is arranged perpendicular to the rotor shaft.

[0008] The insulating disk and / or the insulating surface can be formed from an electrically insulating material, in particular from a plastic, such as a fiber-reinforced plastic. The insulating surface can be formed, for example, by an (optionally fiber-reinforced) film.

[0009] Furthermore, the insulating disk comprises one or more fastening elements which are designed to fasten, in particular clamp and / or clip or screw the insulating surface to a brush module and / or a housing of the electric machine, in particular an end-side housing wall of the housing.

[0010] The insulating disk described in the present application makes it possible to particularly efficiently and reliably avoid insulation failures of electric machines due to conductive debris in the brush space of the electric machine.

[0011] As described above, the brush module can be fastened to the end-side housing wall of the motor housing by means of two or more, in particular by means of exactly three, pins. The insulating surface can have two or more recesses on the (optionally rounded) edge of the insulating surface for the two or more corresponding pins. The contour of the individual recesses can be adapted to the (optionally rounded) contour of the corresponding pins. By providing recesses for fastening the pins, the brush space can be shielded or covered in a particularly reliable manner.

[0012] The two or more recesses can each be designed as a fastening element, in particular in such a way that the insulating disk can be clipped and / or clamped or screwed via the two or more recesses to the respective two or more bolts.

[0013] Furthermore, the insulating disk can also have a mechanical reinforcement at the two or more recesses, which extends (in particular vertically) away from the insulating surface. The reinforcement can be adapted to the contour of the corresponding pin. The reinforcement can have, for example, the shape of a tube section. The reinforcement can extend, for example, along the rotor axis over a length of 0.2 cm to 0.5 cm or at most 1 cm.

[0014] In addition, the recess and the corresponding reinforcement can also be configured to enclose the corresponding pin part, in particular to enclose more than 50% of the circumference of the pin. For example, the length of the mechanical reinforcement in the circumferential direction of the outer circumference of the pin can be between 50% and 70% of the total circumference of the pin. As a result, a particularly stable and efficient fixing of the insulating disk to the motor can be achieved.

[0015] The insulating surface of the insulating disk can have two or more (in particular exactly three) bores, which are each designed to receive a fastening pin (for example a respective Tannenbaum clip or a respective screw connection element (for example a respective bolt / screw)) for fastening the insulating disk to a brush module and / or a housing of the electric machine. The brush module and / or the motor housing can have two or more corresponding (in each case aligned) bores. Thus, a particularly efficient and stable fastening of the insulating disk to the electric machine, in particular to the brush module, can be achieved.

[0016] In order to better fix the individual fastening pins (in particular the individual clips or screw connection elements), the bores of the brush module and / or the motor housing can be provided with threads. As an alternative, the through-holes injection-molded on the carrier of the brush module (for example on the plastic body) can be positioned in such a way that a step is formed in the two-part tool, which serves as a snap-in position for the clips.

[0017] Thus, the bore of the brush module and / or the bore of the motor housing can each have a varying diameter along the rotor shaft (for example in the form of a thread and / or in the form of at least one step). Due to the variation in diameter, a particularly secure fixing of a fastening pin, in particular a (Christmas tree-type) clip, in the corresponding bore can be achieved. In particular, latching of the fastening pin can be achieved by providing a step in the bore.

[0018] According to another aspect, a brush module for an electric motor is described. The brush module can be a motor slip ring and each have one or more (carbon) brushes. The brush module can be configured to be fastened to a housing of the electric motor, in particular to an end-side housing wall of the housing. The end-side housing wall can be arranged perpendicular to the rotor shaft of the electric motor.

[0019] The brush module can have at least one insulating disk described in the present application, which is designed to shield and / or isolate a brush space of the brush module spatially relative to a housing of the electric machine, in particular relative to an end-side housing wall of the housing. The insulating disk can be designed to cover the brush space on an end face of the brush module.

[0020] The insulating disk can be fastened to two or more fastening pins of the brush module, wherein the two or more fastening pins are provided for fastening the brush module to a housing of the electric machine, in particular to an end-side housing wall of the housing.

[0021] As an alternative or in addition, the insulating surface of the insulating disk may have two or more bores. In addition, the brush module may also have a carrier (e.g. a substrate and / or a plastic body) having two or more bores aligned with the corresponding two or more bores of the insulating surface of the insulating disk. The carrier may be configured to support the one or more brushes of the brush module.

[0022] In addition, the brush module can also have two or more fastening pins, which are arranged in two or more corresponding bores of the insulating surface of the insulating disk and of the carrier of the brush module in order to fasten the insulating surface to the carrier of the brush module. In this case, the two or more fastening pins can each be configured as a Christmas tree-shaped clip. As a result, a particularly efficient and stable fastening of the insulating disk can be achieved.

[0023] The two or more bores in the carrier of the brush module can each have a diameter that varies along the respective bore. The diameter variation can be formed in particular in such a way that a step is formed in the respective bore for latching the respective fastening pin. This allows a particularly efficient and stable fastening of the insulating disk.

[0024] As described above, the brush module can be configured to be fastened to the end-side housing wall of the motor housing. The brush module can have a first insulating disk (the first insulating disk is constructed as described in the present application), which covers the end face of the brush module facing the housing wall. In addition, the brush module can also have a second insulating disk (the second insulating disk is constructed as described in the present application), which covers the end face of the brush module facing away from the housing wall. Therefore, the brush space can be enclosed between the two insulating disks in a particularly reliable manner, thereby achieving particularly reliable protection against insulation failure.

[0025] According to another aspect, an electric machine, in particular a (current-excited) synchronous machine, is described. The electric machine generally comprises a rotor with a rotor shaft on which one or more slip rings are arranged and a brush module for making electrical contact with the one or more slip rings. The brush module can be designed as described in the present application. The electric machine can comprise at least one insulating disk, which is designed to spatially shield and / or isolate a brush space of the brush module from the motor housing. The insulating disk can be fastened to the motor housing and / or to the brush module.

[0026] According to a further aspect, a (road) motor vehicle, in particular a passenger car, a truck or a bus or a motorcycle, is specified, which comprises an electric machine specified in the present application for driving the vehicle.

[0027] According to another aspect, a method for electrically insulating a brush space of an electric machine relative to a housing of the electric machine is described. The brush space can be formed by a slip ring module arranged on a rotor shaft of a rotor of the electric machine and a brush module arranged on the housing of the electric machine. The method comprises arranging an insulating surface, in particular an insulating disk having an insulating surface, between the housing of the electric machine and the brush module, so that the insulating surface spatially shields and / or isolates the brush space relative to the housing. The insulating surface can be arranged in (exactly) a plane perpendicular to the rotor shaft or extend in this plane. The insulating surface can have the shape of a flat disk or a plate (optionally with a circular (shaped) outer circumference).

[0028] It should be noted that the devices, methods and systems described in this application can be used alone or in combination with other devices, methods and systems described in this application. In addition, each aspect of the devices, methods and systems described in this application can also be combined with each other in a variety of ways. In particular, the features of the claims can be combined with each other in a variety of ways. In addition, the features listed in brackets should be understood as optional features. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The present invention is described in detail below with the aid of embodiments.

[0030] Figure 1a An exemplary electric machine is shown;

[0031] Figure 1b shows a perspective view of an exemplary rotor body;

[0032] Figure 2a shows a perspective view of an exemplary rotor shaft with a slip ring module;

[0033] Figure 2b A schematic diagram of a brush module is shown;

[0034] Figure 3aA schematic diagram of an electric machine is shown, which has an insulating disk for insulating the brush space of the electric machine;

[0035] Figure 3b showing a perspective view of an insulating disc;

[0036] Figure 3c A perspective view showing a brush module having an insulating disk;

[0037] Figure 4a A perspective view of a brush module is shown, which is covered on two sides by an insulating disk in each case;

[0038] Figure 4b An exemplary clip for securing an insulating disk to a brush module is shown; and

[0039] Figure 5 A flow chart illustrating an exemplary method for insulating a brush space of an electric motor excited by a current. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] As mentioned at the outset, the present application relates to efficient and reliable (electrical) insulation of the brush space of an electric motor. Against this background, Figure 1a A diagram of an exemplary electric machine 100 is shown perpendicular to an axis 101 of the electric machine 100. The axis 101 of the electric machine 100 may correspond to a longitudinal axis of a stator 110 and / or a rotation axis or rotor axis of a rotor 120 of the electric machine 100. In addition, the axis 101 may extend along the z-axis of the Cartesian coordinate system shown.

[0041] The electric motor 100 includes a stator 110 with a plurality of stator coils 111 which are arranged at different angular positions around the rotation axis of the rotor 120 and are provided to generate an electromagnetic rotating magnetic field. The stator 110 is surrounded by a housing 135 of the electric motor 100 .

[0042] In addition, the motor 100 further includes a rotor 120, which is driven by a rotating magnetic field generated by the stator 110. The rotor 120 is fixedly connected to a shaft 101 driven by the motor 100 (the shaft may be connected to a rotor shaft of the rotor 120, or may be equivalent to a rotor shaft of the rotor 120). The rotor 120 includes a rotor body 122.

[0043] The rotor 120 of the electric machine 100 may have a laminated core (which, for example, consists of mutually insulated rotor laminations) as a rotor body 122. The stator 110 may also consist of individual (mutually insulated) stator laminations (for example iron laminations) in a corresponding manner.

[0044] Figure 1bA perspective view of an exemplary rotor body 122 of a rotor 120 is shown. The rotor body 122 extends along the rotation axis of the rotor 120 from a first end face to an opposite second end face. Here, the rotor body 122 has a plurality of different magnetic salient poles 124 in the example shown, which are arranged around the rotation axis of the rotor 120. The salient poles 124 can be arranged evenly distributed around the rotation axis. A coil (i.e., a winding) can be arranged around each individual salient pole 124, and a magnetic field is generated by the coil. Therefore, each of these individual salient poles 124 can constitute the magnetic poles of the rotor 120.

[0045] The rotor body 122 has a central recess 123, in particular a bore, into which a rotor shaft of the rotor 120 can be inserted. The rotor shaft can be rotatably supported on the end face of the rotor body 122 via corresponding bearing surfaces, so that the rotor 120 can rotate.

[0046] Figure 2a A perspective view of an exemplary rotor shaft 200 of a rotor 120 is shown, which has a slip ring module 210 with a plurality of, in particular two, slip rings 211. The rotor shaft 200 has a rotor body region 203 (with a cylindrical circumferential surface), around which the rotor body 122 of the rotor 120 is arranged. In addition, the rotor shaft 200 also has at least one bearing 202 for supporting the rotor shaft 200 and the rotor 120. The rotor shaft 200 may also have one or more sealing rings 201 for sealing the rotor 120 (in order to prevent the coolant for cooling the rotor 120 from flowing out of the rotor 120).

[0047] The slip ring module 210 is arranged at one end of the rotor shaft 200 and is therefore generally accessible from the outside. Electrical lines can be led from each individual slip ring 211 below the bearing 202 to the rotor body 122 to make conductive contact with the windings of the rotor 120. The slip ring module 210 can have a first slip ring 211 for a first electrode (eg, positive electrode) and a second slip ring 211 for a second electrode (eg, negative electrode).

[0048] Figure 2b A brush module 220 is shown, which has one or more brushes 221 for making conductive contact with corresponding one or more slip rings 211 of the slip ring module 110 . Figure 2bThe brush module 220 is shown perpendicular to the rotor shaft 200. The brush module 220 may have, in particular, one or more first brushes 221 (e.g., three first brushes) for making electrical contact with the first slip ring 211 and one or more second brushes 221 (e.g., three second brushes) for making electrical contact with the second slip ring 211. Three brushes 221 may be provided for each slip ring 211, which are arranged uniformly around the rotation axis of the rotor 120 (in each case at an angular spacing of 120°).

[0049] The brushes 221 can be fastened to an electrically conductive substrate 222. In addition, each individual brush 221 can be connected to the substrate 222 via a respective electrically conductive strand 223. The substrate 222 can in turn be connected to a power source via an electrical line 224. The brush module 220 can in particular have a first substrate 222 with the one or more first brushes 221 and a second substrate 222 (electrically insulated from the first substrate 222) with the one or more second brushes 221.

[0050] During the operation of the motor 100 and / or during the manufacturing process of the slip ring module 210, hair-like debris may be generated on one of the slip rings 211 of the slip ring module 210. Such hair-like debris may cause the slip ring 211 to be in electrical contact with the housing 135 of the motor 100, and thus cause insulation failure. In the present application, an insulating disk is described, which can be arranged on the brush module 220 of the motor 100 between the housing 135 and the brush space, in particular, for efficiently and reliably avoiding such insulation failure.

[0051] Figure 3a The side view of the electric machine 100 is shown, wherein the rotor shaft 200 extends horizontally in the plane of the drawing. The housing 135 of the electric machine 100 has an end-side housing wall 335 (which is arranged perpendicular to the rotor shaft 200) on the end face facing the slip ring module 210 and the brush module 220. The brush module 220 can be fastened to the end-side housing wall 335 by two or more, in particular by three bolts 301. The brush space 310 of the electric machine 100 corresponds to the following area, on which the slip rings 211 of the slip ring module 210 and the brushes 221 of the brush module 220 are arranged.

[0052] Figure 3a The electric machine 100 shown in FIG. 1 has an insulating disk 300 which is arranged between an end-side housing wall 335 and a brush space 310. The insulating disk 300 can be fastened, for example plugged onto a pin 301 via which the brush module 220 is fastened to the end-side housing wall 335.

[0053] Figure 3b3 shows a perspective view of an exemplary insulating disk 300. The insulating disk 300 has an insulating surface 313, which is designed to cover the (mechanically rigid) end face of the brush space 310 (in particular the end face facing the housing wall 335) in order to spatially and / or electrically shield the brush space 310 from the housing wall 335. The insulating surface 313 is composed of an electrically insulating material, for example of plastic. In addition, the insulating surface 313 is preferably composed of a hard, non-elastic material.

[0054] The insulating disk 300 has a central opening 312, in particular a bore, for receiving the rotor shaft 200 and / or the slip ring module 210 arranged on the rotor shaft 200. The diameter of the central opening 312 corresponds substantially to the diameter of the rotor shaft 200 or the slip ring module 210, so that the rotor shaft 200 can rotate without contacting the insulating disk 300.

[0055] exist Figure 3b In the example shown, the insulating disk 300 has two or more, in particular three, recesses 311 on the (circular) edge of the insulating surface 313, wherein the individual recesses 311 are each designed in such a way that the insulating disk 300 can be fastened, in particular clamped, to a corresponding fastening pin 301 of the brush module 220 by means of the individual recesses 311. The insulating disk 300 can thus be integrated into the electric machine 100 in an efficient and stable manner.

[0056] The insulating disk 300 can have a mechanical reinforcement 314 at each individual recess 311 (which extends, for example, from the insulating surface 313 in the direction of the rotor shaft 200 , for example, by 0.5 cm or more). This can further improve the fixing of the insulating disk 300 on the fastening pin 301 .

[0057] Figure 3c An exemplary perspective view of a brush module 220 is shown, on which an insulating disk 300 is arranged. (Optionally mechanically reinforced) bores 331 for corresponding pins 301 can be provided on one or both base plates 222 of the brush module 220 .

[0058] As in Figure 3a As shown by way of example in FIG. 1 , the electric machine 100 can have a further insulating disk 300 on the end face of the brush space 310 or brush module 220 facing away from the end-side housing wall 335. Thus, the brush space 310 can be shielded and / or covered particularly reliably to avoid insulation failures.

[0059] Figure 4a2 shows an exemplary brush module 220, which has an insulating disk 300 on two opposite end faces. Each insulating disk 300 has a recess 311 for a fastening pin 301 of the brush module 220. Figure 4a In the example shown, the respective insulating disk 300 is not fastened to the brush module 220 via these recesses 311 as the case may be.

[0060] Figure 4a The insulating disks 300 shown in the drawings each have a bore 402 (in particular three bores 402), which are arranged aligned with corresponding bores 404 in at least one or both base plates 222 of the brush module 220. A (non-conductive) fastening pin 403 can be introduced through the bores 402, 404 in each case for fastening the corresponding insulating disk 300 to the brush module 220. Thus, a particularly stable fastening of the one or more insulating disks 300 to the brush module 220 can be achieved.

[0061] Figure 4b An exemplary fastening pin 403 is shown, which is guided through a bore 402 in the insulating surface 313 of the insulating disk 300 and inserted into a corresponding bore 404 in the base plate 222 of the brush module 220. The fastening pin 403 can be designed, for example, as a Christmas tree-shaped clip with a correspondingly shaped circumferential surface 413. As a result, a particularly efficient fastening of the insulating disk 300 to the brush module 220 can be achieved.

[0062] As mentioned at the beginning, (conductive) angel hair or chips are generated during the processing of the slip ring module 210. The angel hair may be made of bronze or copper, for example. The angel hair may cause insulation failure between the slip ring module 210 and the housing 135, 335 of the motor 100 during operation of the motor 100.

[0063] In the present application, an insulating disk 300 is described, which is made of plastic and / or a non-conductive material, for example. The insulating disk 300 can be clamped onto a brush holder module or a brush module 220. The construction spaces between the slip ring module 210 and the housing 135, 335 are spatially separated from each other by the insulating disk 300. Therefore, conductive debris cannot lead to an electrically conductive connection between the slip ring module 210 and the housing 135, 335.

[0064] Thus, a measure is described for achieving electrical insulation against (copper) chips in the brush space 310 of the electric machine 100. This makes it possible to reliably avoid interruptions in the operation of the electric machine 100 due to insulation failures.

[0065] For insulation, one or two thin insulating layers (i.e., insulating disks 300) can be fastened to the base 222 of the voltage-conducting component (in particular, the brush module 220) to achieve spatial isolation. For example, one or two layers of fiber-reinforced stamped foil (as insulating disks 300) can be fixed on both sides of the component to be insulated (in particular, the brush module 220) by rivets 403.

[0066] Figure 5 A flow chart of an exemplary method 500 for electrically insulating a brush space 310 of a (current-excited) electric machine 100 relative to a housing 135, 335 of the electric machine 100, in particular relative to a housing wall 335 of the housing 135 is shown. The brush space 310 is formed by a slip ring module 210 arranged on a rotor shaft 200 of a rotor 120 of the electric machine 100 and a brush module 220 arranged on a housing 135, 335 of the electric machine 100, in particular on the housing wall 335. The brush space 310 can, for example, enclose the space between the slip ring module 210 and the individual slip rings 211 and the individual brushes 221 of the brush module 220. In addition, the brush space 310 can also be defined as a space enclosed by the brushes 221 of the brush module 220.

[0067] The method 500 comprises arranging 501 an insulating surface 313, in particular an insulating disk 300, between a housing 135, 335 and a brush module 220 of the electric machine 100, so that the insulating surface 313 spatially shields the brush space 310 relative to the housing 135, 335. The insulating surface 313 can be arranged, in particular, on an end face of the brush module 220 between a housing wall 335 and the brush module 220. The insulating surface 313 can be fastened, in particular clamped, to the housing wall 335 and / or to the brush module 220.

[0068] The measures described in this application make it possible to shield the brush space 310 of the electric machine 100 in a particularly efficient and reliable manner from its surroundings, in particular the housing 135 of the electric machine 100. Insulation failures (for example due to angel hair on the slip ring 211) can thus be reliably avoided.

[0069] The present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown. It should be noted in particular that the description and drawings are only intended to illustrate the principles of the proposed devices, methods and systems.

Claims

1. An insulating disk (300) for an electric motor (100), the electric motor comprising a slip ring module (210) arranged on a rotor shaft (200) of a rotor (120) of the electric motor (100) and a brush module (220) arranged on a housing (135, 335) of the electric motor (100); the insulating disk (300) include: An insulating surface (313) configured to spatially shield a brush space (310) formed by a slip ring module (210) and a brush module (220) relative to the housing (135, 335); One or more fastening elements (311, 314, 402) are designed to fasten an insulating surface (313) to a brush module (220) and / or a housing (135, 335) of an electric machine (100).

2. The insulating disc (300) according to claim 1, in, The brush module (220) has an end surface facing or away from an end-side housing wall (335) of a housing (135) of the motor (100); and The insulating surface (313) is configured to cover an end surface of a brush module (220).

3. An insulating disc (300) according to any one of the preceding claims, in, The insulating disk (300) has a central opening (312) for receiving a rotor shaft (200) and / or a slip ring module (210).

4. An insulating disc (300) according to any one of the preceding claims, in, The brush module (220) is fastened to an end-side housing wall (335) of a housing (135) of the motor (100) via two or more pins (301); and The insulating surface (313) has two or more recesses (311) on an edge, in particular a circular edge, of the insulating surface (313) for corresponding two or more pins (301).

5. The insulating disc (300) according to claim 4, in, The two or more recesses (311) are each designed as a fastening element, in particular in such a way that the insulating disk (300) can be clipped and / or clamped or screwed to the two or more pins (301) respectively via the two or more recesses (311).

6. The insulating disc (300) according to claim 5, in, The insulating disk (300) has a mechanical reinforcement (314) at each of the two or more recesses (311), wherein the reinforcement extends away from the insulating surface (313), in particular extends vertically therefrom; and The recess (311) and the corresponding reinforcement (314) are configured to partially surround the corresponding pin (301), in particular to surround more than 50% of the circumference of the pin (301).

7. Insulator disc (300) according to any one of the preceding claims, in, The insulating surface (313) has two or more bores (402), each of which is configured to receive a fastening pin (403) for fastening the insulating disk (300) to a brush module (220) and / or to a housing (135, 335) of the electric machine (100).

8. Insulating disc (300) according to any one of the preceding claims, in, The one or more fastening elements (311, 314, 402) are designed to clamp and / or clip or screw the insulating surface (313) to a brush module (220) and / or to a housing (135, 335) of an electric machine (100).

9. Insulator disc (300) according to any one of the preceding claims, in, The insulating disk (300) and / or the insulating surface (313) are made of an electrically insulating material, in particular of a plastic, such as a fiber-reinforced plastic.

10. A brush module (220) for a motor (100), in, The brush module (220) is configured to be fastened to a housing (135, 335) of the electric motor (100), in particular to an end-side housing wall (335) of the housing (135); and The brush module (220) comprises at least one insulating disk (300) according to any of the preceding claims, which is designed to spatially shield a brush space (310) of the brush module (220) relative to a housing (135, 335) of the electric machine (100), in particular relative to an end-side housing wall (335) of the housing (135).

11. The brush module (220) according to claim 10, in, The insulating surface (313) of the insulating disk (300) has two or more drilled holes (402); The brush module (220) has a carrier (222) having two or more bores (404) arranged in alignment with corresponding two or more bores (402) of the insulating surface (313) of the insulating disk (300); and The brush module (220) has two or more fastening pins (403) which are arranged in corresponding two or more bores (402, 404) of an insulating surface (313) of an insulating disk (300) and a carrier (222) of the brush module (220) so as to fasten the insulating surface (313) to the carrier (222) of the brush module (220).

12. The brush module (220) according to claim 11, in, The two or more fastening pins (403) are respectively configured as Christmas tree-type clips or threaded connection elements.

13. The brush module (220) according to any one of claims 10 to 12, in, The two or more bores (404) in the carrier (222) of the brush module (220) have a diameter that varies along the corresponding bore (404), in particular so that a step for locking a corresponding fastening pin (403) is formed in the corresponding bore (404).

14. The brush module (220) according to any one of claims 10 to 13, in, The brush module (220) is configured to be fastened to an end-side housing wall (335) of a housing (135) of an electric motor (100); The brush module (220) has a first insulating disk (300) which covers an end surface of the brush module (220) facing the housing wall (335); and The brush module (220) has a second insulating disk (300) which covers the end face of the brush module (220) facing away from the housing wall (335).

15. A motor (100) having include: A rotor (120) having a rotor shaft (200) on which a slip ring module (210) having one or more slip rings (211) is arranged; and The brush module (220) according to any one of claims 10 to 14, is used for making electrical contact with the one or more slip rings (211).

16. A method (500) for electrically insulating a brush space (310) of an electric machine (100) relative to a housing (135; 335) of the electric machine (100); in, The brush space (310) is formed by a slip ring module (210) arranged on a rotor shaft (200) of a rotor (120) of an electric motor (100) and a brush module (220) arranged on a housing (135, 335) of the electric motor (100); the method (500) comprises: An insulating surface (313) is arranged (501) between a housing (135, 335) and a brush module (220) of an electric machine (100), such that the insulating surface (313) spatially shields a brush space (310) from the housing (135, 335).

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