Milling system

Abstract

The milling system comprises a lathe bed and a motor, and an output shaft of the motor drives a first transmission mechanism and a second transmission mechanism; the output of the first transmission mechanism drives the workbench to move horizontally and vertically, the output of the second transmission mechanism drives the milling cutter, a machined part is installed on the workbench, and when the milling cutter is used for milling, the machined part is clamped through the vertical movement of the workbench and the dead weight of the clamping mechanism. The machine tool has the beneficial effects that multiple machining processes such as up-and-down horizontal movement of the workbench, clamping of a machined part and milling of the milling cutter can be synchronously and automatically completed through driving of one motor, the machining time is short, and the machining precision is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of milling machining, and particularly to a system for milling shaft parts. Background Art

[0002] In the traditional field of machining, when milling straight grooves evenly distributed on the circumference of a shaft (such as a spline shaft), the method mainly adopted is to use a dividing head fixture and a special multi-edge combined tool. This method requires the operator to manually adjust the dividing head to ensure the accurate position of each groove. However, this method has significant disadvantages. Mainly due to the need for multiple precise manual adjustments, the processing time is greatly increased, and human factors are likely to cause position errors, ultimately resulting in low efficiency and low machining accuracy.

[0003] Another commonly used technique is to use a numerically controlled machine tool for milling machining. Although this technique improves the degree of automation of machining, it may still face challenges when processing straight grooves of certain specific shapes or sizes. An obvious disadvantage is the high programming complexity, especially for non-standard shapes or workpieces with special requirements. In addition, the high cost of numerically controlled machine tools limits their application in some small or budget-constrained factories.

[0004] In addition, the profiling method is used for machining, that is, the tool path is guided by a pre-made template that can reflect the indexing characteristics of the circumferential groove, so as to machine the workpiece. Although this method can ensure the consistency of machining to a certain extent, its disadvantage is that the preparation stage takes a long time, especially the production process of the template is time-consuming and laborious. Moreover, once the template is worn or damaged, it will directly affect the accuracy of subsequent machining, increasing the maintenance cost and difficulty. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a new type of milling system, which adapts to diverse production requirements and supports rapid milling machining, enabling a single device to meet the refined milling needs. It is convenient to use, has higher machining accuracy, and also has the flexible ability to be adjusted flexibly.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a novel milling system, including a machine body and a motor, characterized in that: the output shaft of the motor drives a first transmission mechanism and a second transmission mechanism; the output of the first transmission mechanism drives the horizontal and vertical movement of the workbench, and the output of the second transmission mechanism drives the milling cutter and the clamping mechanism. The workpiece is installed on the workbench. When the milling cutter is milling, the clamping of the workpiece is completed by the up-and-down movement of the workbench and the gravity of the clamping mechanism; wherein, the first transmission mechanism includes a first transmission wheel, a first transmission belt, a second transmission wheel, a first transmission shaft, a third transmission wheel, a second transmission belt, a fourth transmission wheel, a second transmission shaft, a cam and a connecting rod; the first transmission wheel is installed on the output shaft of the motor, the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel form a closed synchronous belt drive through the first transmission belt, the second transmission wheel and the third transmission wheel are coaxially driven through the first transmission shaft, the third transmission wheel and the fourth transmission wheel form a closed synchronous belt drive through the second transmission belt, the fourth transmission wheel is coaxially connected with the cam through the second transmission shaft, and a connecting rod is installed on the circumference of the cam. When the cam rotates, the outer side surface of the cam drives the horizontal movement of the workbench, and the connecting rod drives the up-and-down movement of the workbench.

[0007] Further, the workbench includes a first workbench that moves horizontally and a second workbench that moves vertically. A first guide rail pair that can slide horizontally is formed between the contact surfaces of the first workbench and the second workbench;

[0008] The first workbench is arranged on the second workbench. A first spring assembly is arranged on one horizontal side of the first workbench. A moving rod is also arranged on the first workbench. When the cam rotates, after the outer side surface of the cam contacts the moving rod, it drives the horizontal movement of the first workbench;

[0009] A balance rod is arranged on the front side surface of the second workbench. The connecting rod is connected to the balance rod at one end far from the cam. When the cam rotates, the connecting rod drives the first workbench and the second workbench to move up and down.

[0010] Further, the milling system is also provided with a steel wire rope, a pulley and a counterweight; one end of the steel wire rope is connected to the balance rod, the steel wire rope extends downward after passing around the pulley above the balance rod, and a counterweight is installed at the other end of the steel wire rope.

[0011] Further, the second transmission mechanism includes a fifth transmission wheel, a third transmission belt, a sixth transmission wheel and a third transmission shaft; the fifth transmission wheel is installed on the output shaft of the motor, the fifth transmission wheel and the sixth transmission wheel form a closed synchronous belt drive through the third transmission belt, and the sixth transmission wheel and the milling cutter are coaxially driven through the third transmission shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes a clamping block and a clamping fork; the workpiece is a shaft, the shaft is installed on the first workbench, the clamping fork is provided with a head and a rod, the head of the clamping fork is arranged on the outside of the shaft, the top of the clamping block is arranged above the crossbeam of the bed, and a second horizontal guide rail pair is formed between the bottom of the clamping block and the rod of the clamping fork.

[0013] Furthermore, the milling system is also provided with a dividing ratchet, a positioning pin is provided on the first workbench, the dividing ratchet is arranged on the outside of the positioning pin, the bottom of the shaft is connected to the center hole of the dividing ratchet and is arranged above the positioning pin, and the shaft, dividing ratchet and positioning pin are all coaxially arranged; a plurality of pits are evenly distributed on the circumference of the top surface of the dividing ratchet, and the clamping mechanism also includes a clamping rod, the top of the clamping rod is connected to the head of the clamping fork, and the bottom of the clamping rod matches the pit, and when the shaft is clamped, the bottom of the clamping rod extends into the pit.

[0014] Furthermore, the milling system also includes a ratchet lever and a second spring assembly. A second group of spring assemblies is provided at one end of the ratchet lever. When the shaft member is milled at the latter position, the other end of the ratchet lever unidirectionally shifts a tooth of the indexing ratchet, thereby causing the shaft member to synchronously rotate a processing angle.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a guide rod, which is arranged vertically and passes through the hole opened in the rod part of the clamping fork.

[0016] Furthermore, the clamping block is a T-shaped block, the top of the T-shaped block is located above the crossbeam of the bed, and the second guide rail pair is formed between the bottom of the T-shaped block and the rod portion of the clamping fork.

[0017] Furthermore, the first guide rail pair is a first dovetail groove guide rail pair, and the second guide rail pair is a second dovetail groove guide rail pair; a vertical bed guide rail is provided on the bed, and the second workbench can slide up and down along the bed guide rail.

[0018] The main beneficial effects of the present invention are: one motor drive can synchronously and automatically complete multiple processing processes such as vertical and horizontal movement of the worktable, clamping of the workpiece and milling of the milling cutter, etc., with fast processing time and high processing accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a milling system from a first perspective in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a milling system from a first perspective in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3In an embodiment of the present invention, it is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a machine tool in a milling system;

[0022] Figure 4 In an embodiment of the present invention, it is a top view of a transmission mechanism in a milling system;

[0023] Figure 5 In an embodiment of the present invention, it is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a transmission mechanism in a milling system from a first perspective;

[0024] Figure 6 In an embodiment of the present invention, it is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a transmission mechanism in a milling system from a second perspective;

[0025] Figure 7 In an embodiment of the present invention, it is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a mounting bracket in a milling system;

[0026] Figure 8 In an embodiment of the present invention, it is a front view of a milling system;

[0027] Figure 9 It is Figure 8 a schematic diagram in the A-A direction in

[0028] Figure 10 It is Figure 8 a schematic diagram in the B-B direction in

[0029] Figure 11 It is Figure 8 a schematic diagram in the C-C direction in

[0030] Figure 12 It is Figure 8 a schematic diagram in the E-E direction in

[0031] Figure 13 It is Figure 8 a schematic diagram in the F-F direction in

[0032] Figure 14 It is Figure 13 a partial enlarged schematic diagram in the I direction in

[0033] Figure 15 In an embodiment of the present invention, it is an assembly schematic diagram of a machining shaft and a indexing ratchet in a milling system;

[0034] Figure 16 In an embodiment of the present invention, it is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a milling system from a first top view angle;

[0035] Figure 17 In an embodiment of the present invention, it is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a milling system from a second top view angle;

[0036] Figure 18In an embodiment of the present invention, it is the first process of the motion decomposition diagram of a milling system;

[0037] Figure 19 In an embodiment of the present invention, it is the second process of the motion decomposition diagram of a milling system;

[0038] Figure 20 In an embodiment of the present invention, it is the third process of the motion decomposition diagram of a milling system;

[0039] Figure 21 In an embodiment of the present invention, it is the fourth process of the motion decomposition diagram of a milling system.

[0040] The following will further explain and illustrate the blade manufacturing system of the present invention in conjunction with the specification drawings and specific embodiments. However, this explanation and illustration shall not unduly limit the technical solution of the present invention.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 And in conjunction with Figures 1 - 21 , in a milling system in an embodiment of the present invention, it includes a bed 1 and a motor 2. The output shaft of the motor 2 drives a first transmission mechanism and a second transmission mechanism; the output of the first transmission mechanism drives the horizontal and vertical movement of the workbench, and the output of the second transmission mechanism drives the milling cutter. The workpiece is installed on the workbench. When the milling cutter mills, the clamping of the workpiece is completed by the up and down movement of the workbench and the self-weight of the clamping mechanism; among them,

[0042] The first transmission mechanism includes a first transmission wheel 31, a first transmission belt 32, a second transmission wheel 33, a first transmission shaft 34, a third transmission wheel 35, a second transmission belt 36, a fourth transmission wheel 37, a second transmission shaft 38, a cam 39 and a connecting rod 30; the first transmission wheel 31 is installed on the output shaft of the motor 2. The first transmission wheel 31 and the second transmission wheel 33 form a closed synchronous belt drive through the first transmission belt 32. The second transmission wheel 33 and the third transmission wheel 35 are coaxially driven through the first transmission shaft 34. The third transmission wheel 35 and the fourth transmission wheel 37 form a closed synchronous belt drive through the second transmission belt 36. The fourth transmission wheel 37 is coaxially connected to the cam 39 through the second transmission shaft 38. The connecting rod 30 is installed on the circumference of the cam 39. When the cam 39 rotates, the horizontal movement of the workbench is driven by the outer side surface of the cam 39, and the up and down movement of the workbench is driven by the connecting rod 30. The third transmission shaft 63 is installed on the hanging bracket 107.

[0043] As a preferred option, the workbench includes a first workbench 41 that moves horizontally and a second workbench 42 that moves vertically. A first guide rail pair that can slide horizontally is formed between the contact surfaces of the first workbench 41 and the second workbench 42;

[0044] Wherein, the first workbench 41 is arranged above the second workbench 42. A first spring assembly 43 is arranged on one horizontal side of the first workbench 41. A moving rod 44 is also arranged on the first workbench 41. When the cam 39 rotates, after the outer side surface of the cam 39 contacts the moving rod 44, it drives the horizontal movement of the first workbench 41.

[0045] A balance rod 45 is arranged on the front side surface of the second workbench 42. One end of the connecting rod 30 far from the cam 39 is connected to the balance rod 45. When the cam 39 rotates, the connecting rod 30 drives the first workbench 41 and the second workbench 42 to move up and down.

[0046] As an optional item, the milling system further includes a steel wire rope 51, a pulley 52 and a counterweight 53. One end of the steel wire rope 51 is connected to the balance rod 45. The steel wire rope 51 extends downward after passing around the pulley 52 above the balance rod 45. The other end of the steel wire rope 51 is installed with the counterweight 53.

[0047] As an optional item, the second transmission mechanism includes a fifth transmission wheel 60, a third transmission belt 61, a sixth transmission wheel 62 and a third transmission shaft 63. The fifth transmission wheel 60 is installed on the output shaft of the motor 2. The fifth transmission wheel 60 and the sixth transmission wheel 62 form a closed synchronous belt drive through the third transmission belt 61. The sixth transmission wheel 62 is coaxially driven with the milling cutter 64 through the third transmission shaft 63.

[0048] As an optional item, the clamping mechanism includes a clamping block 70 and a clamping fork 71. The workpiece to be processed is a shaft part 72. The shaft part 72 is installed on the first workbench 41. The clamping fork 71 is provided with a head and a rod part. The head of the clamping fork 71 is arranged outside the shaft part 72. The top of the clamping block 70 is arranged above the cross beam 73 of the machine tool bed. A second guide rail pair 75 in the horizontal direction is formed between the bottom of the clamping block 70 and the rod part of the clamping fork 71.

[0049] As an optional item, the milling system further includes a indexing ratchet 80. A positioning pin 81 is arranged on the first workbench 21. The indexing ratchet 80 is arranged outside the positioning pin 81. The bottom of the shaft part 72 is connected to the central hole of the indexing ratchet 80 and is arranged above the positioning pin 81. The shaft part 72, the indexing ratchet 80 and the positioning pin 81 are all arranged coaxially. A plurality of pits 82 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the top surface of the indexing ratchet 80. The clamping mechanism further includes a clamping rod 74. The top of the clamping rod 74 is connected to the head of the clamping fork. The bottom of the clamping rod 74 is matched with the pits 82. When clamping the shaft part 72, the bottom of the clamping rod extends into the pits 82.

[0050] As a preferred option, the milling system also includes a ratchet lever 83 and a second spring assembly 84. A second group of spring assemblies 84 is provided at one end of the ratchet lever 83. When the shaft 72 is milled at the latter position, the other end of the ratchet lever 83 unidirectionally moves a tooth 85 of the dividing ratchet 80, thereby causing the shaft 72 to synchronously rotate a processing angle.

[0051] refer to Figure 14 It can be understood that a small part of the second spring assembly 84 is installed in the spring seat 86, and a ratchet lever shaft 88 is also provided in the middle of the ratchet lever 83. The ratchet lever rotates around the fulcrum of the shaft 88 during operation. In order to limit the rotation angle range of the ratchet lever, a ratchet lever limiter 87 is also provided at the front end of the second spring assembly 86. (Refer to Figure 14 ).

[0052] As a preferred option, a guide rod 76 is further included. The guide rod 76 is vertically arranged and passes through a hole formed in the rod portion of the clamping fork 71 .

[0053] As a preferred option, the clamping block is a T-block 700, the top of the T-block 700 is located above the crossbeam of the bed, and the second guide rail pair 75 is formed between the bottom of the T-block 700 and the rod of the clamping fork.

[0054] As a preferred option, the first guide rail pair 108 is a first dovetail groove guide rail pair, and the second guide rail pair 75 is a second dovetail groove guide rail pair.

[0055] Continue to refer Figure 1 A bed rail 100 arranged vertically is also provided on the bed 1, and the second workbench 42 can slide up and down along the bed rail 100. The whole milling system is installed on the ground 102. The spring seat locking bolt 89 locks the second spring assembly 84 ( Figure 1 Not marked, refer to other drawings) is installed on the spring seat 86, and the third transmission shaft 63 is installed on the bracket 107.

[0056] refer to Figure 2 A first guide rail pair 108 is formed between the contact surfaces of the first workbench 41 and the second workbench 42 .

[0057] refer to Figure 7 The bracket 104 with the pulley system is provided with a mounting hole 105 for the third transmission shaft and a mounting hole 106 for the first transmission shaft.

[0058] refer to Figure 18 Combined with Figures 19 - 21 , the connecting rod shaft 40 on the cam is in position 1, and the rotation range 101 of the tool is Figures 18 - 21The dotted outline outside the middle cam, the cam starts to rotate clockwise, the first workbench 41 moves to the left, the second workbench 42 moves upward, the ratchet lever drives the indexing ratchet to rotate one gear tooth, the clamping block 70 is not lifted up at this time, the clamping rod 74 does not enter the pit, and the clamping rod 74 has not clamped the indexing ratchet.

[0059] refer to Figure 19 , the connecting rod shaft 40 on the cam is in position 2, the cam starts to rotate clockwise, the first workbench 41 then maintains a horizontal position, the second workbench 42 will continue to move upward, the ratchet lever has begun to stagger with the indexing ratchet after moving the indexing ratchet, the clamping block 70 is lifted up, and the clamping rod 74 extends into the pit and begins to clamp the indexing ratchet.

[0060] refer to Figure 20 , the connecting rod shaft on the cam is in position 3, and the cam continues to rotate clockwise. At this time, the first workbench 41 moves to the right, and the second workbench 42 moves downward. The ratchet lever contacts the indexing ratchet in the opposite direction. Since the second spring assembly of the indexing ratchet will not move the indexing ratchet after compression (the indexing ratchet is unidirectionally rotating), the clamping block 70 is lifted up, and the clamping rod 74 has clamped the indexing ratchet.

[0061] refer to Figure 21 , the connecting rod shaft 40 on the cam is in position 4, the cam continues to rotate clockwise, the first workbench 41 keeps its position unchanged, the second workbench 42 will continue to move downward, the ratchet lever contacts the indexing ratchet in the opposite direction, the second spring group of the indexing ratchet will not move the indexing ratchet (because the indexing ratchet rotates unidirectionally), the clamping block 70 is lifted up, and the clamping rod 74 extends into the pit to clamp the indexing ratchet.

[0062] It should be noted that the prior art in the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments given in the present application documents. All prior art that does not contradict the solutions of the present invention, including but not limited to prior patent documents, prior public publications, prior public uses, etc., can be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0063] In addition, the combination of the various technical features in this case is not limited to the combination described in the claims of this case or the combination described in the specific embodiments. All technical features recorded in this case can be freely combined or combined in any way unless there is a contradiction between them.

[0064] It should also be noted that the above-listed embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and similar changes or modifications made therewith can be directly derived or easily associated with by those skilled in the art from the contents disclosed in the present invention, and all should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A milling system, comprising a bed and a motor, characterized in that: The output shaft of the motor drives the first transmission mechanism and the second transmission mechanism; the output of the first transmission mechanism drives the horizontal and vertical movement of the workbench, and the output of the second transmission mechanism drives the milling cutter. The workpiece is mounted on the workbench. When the milling cutter is milling, the workpiece is clamped by the vertical movement of the workbench and the gravity of the clamping mechanism; wherein, The first transmission mechanism includes a first transmission wheel, a first transmission belt, a second transmission wheel, a first transmission shaft, a third transmission wheel, a second transmission belt, a fourth transmission wheel, a second transmission shaft, a cam and a connecting rod; the first transmission wheel is installed on the output shaft of the motor, the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel form a closed synchronous belt drive through the first transmission belt, the second transmission wheel and the third transmission wheel are coaxially driven through the first transmission shaft, the third transmission wheel and the fourth transmission wheel form a closed synchronous belt drive through the second transmission belt, the fourth transmission wheel is coaxially connected to the cam through the second transmission shaft, a connecting rod is installed on the circumference of the cam, when the cam rotates, the outer side surface of the cam drives the workbench to move horizontally, and the connecting rod drives the workbench to move up and down.

2. The milling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench comprises a first workbench that moves horizontally and a second workbench that moves vertically, and a first guide rail pair that can slide horizontally is formed between the contact surfaces of the first workbench and the second workbench; The first workbench is arranged on the second workbench, a first spring assembly is arranged on a horizontal side of the first workbench, and a moving rod is also arranged on the first workbench, when the cam rotates, the outer side surface of the cam contacts the moving rod and drives the horizontal movement of the first workbench; A balance bar is arranged on the front side of the second workbench, and the connecting rod is connected to the balance bar at one end away from the cam. When the cam rotates, the connecting rod drives the first workbench and the second workbench to move up and down.

3. The milling system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The milling system is also provided with a steel wire rope, a pulley and a counterweight; one end of the steel wire rope is connected to the balance bar, the steel wire rope passes around the pulley above the balance bar and then extends downward, and the other end of the steel wire rope is provided with a counterweight.

4. The milling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second transmission mechanism includes a fifth transmission wheel, a third transmission belt, a sixth transmission wheel and a third transmission shaft; the fifth transmission wheel is installed on the motor output shaft, the fifth transmission wheel and the sixth transmission wheel form a closed synchronous belt drive through the third transmission belt, and the sixth transmission wheel is coaxially driven with the milling cutter through the third transmission shaft.

5. The milling system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes a clamping block and a clamping fork; the workpiece is a shaft, the shaft is installed on the first workbench, the clamping fork is provided with a head and a rod, the head of the clamping fork is arranged on the outside of the shaft, the top of the clamping block is arranged above the crossbeam of the bed, and a second guide rail pair in the horizontal direction is formed between the bottom of the clamping block and the rod of the clamping fork.

6. The milling system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The milling system is also provided with an indexing ratchet, a positioning pin is provided on the first workbench, the indexing ratchet is arranged outside the positioning pin, the bottom of the shaft is connected to the center hole of the indexing ratchet and is arranged above the positioning pin, the shaft, the indexing ratchet and the positioning pin are all coaxially arranged; a plurality of pits are evenly distributed on the circumference of the top surface of the indexing ratchet, the clamping mechanism also includes a clamping rod, the top of the clamping rod is connected to the head of the clamping fork, the bottom of the clamping rod matches the pit, and when the shaft is clamped, the bottom of the clamping rod extends into the pit.

7. The milling system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The milling system also includes a ratchet lever and a second spring assembly. A second group of spring assemblies is provided at one end of the ratchet lever. When the shaft member is milled at the next position, the other end of the ratchet lever unidirectionally shifts a tooth of the indexing ratchet, thereby causing the shaft member to synchronously rotate a processing angle.

8. The milling system according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a guide rod, which is arranged vertically and passes through a hole formed in the rod portion of the clamping fork.

9. The milling system according to claim 8, characterized in that The clamping block is a T-shaped block, the top of the T-shaped block is located above the crossbeam of the bed, and the second guide rail pair is formed between the bottom of the T-shaped block and the rod of the clamping fork.

10. The milling system according to claim 9, characterized in that The first guide rail pair is a first dovetail groove guide rail pair, and the second guide rail pair is a second dovetail groove guide rail pair; a vertical bed guide rail is provided on the bed, and the second workbench can slide up and down along the bed guide rail.

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