Super-long battery replacing system of electric truck

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric truck battery replacement, and discloses an electric truck super-long battery replacement system which comprises a guide groove and a battery bin, the size of an upper end opening of the guide groove is larger than that of a lower end, and the whole guide groove is of a conical structure; a hydraulic buffer mechanism is arranged on the bottom surface in the battery bin and comprises not less than two hydraulic cylinders with the same specification, one end of each hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the bottom of the inner side of the battery bin, and the other end of each hydraulic cylinder is connected with a supporting plate; hydraulic loops among all the hydraulic cylinders are communicated with one another; the interior of each battery bin is used for storing batteries, the lower end of each battery bin is connected with a track, the number of the battery bins is not less than two, and the battery bins are uniformly distributed along the tracks; the device is provided with a self-adaptive buffering and quick docking mechanism, and the problems that in the prior art, the docking precision of a battery pack and a vehicle chassis is insufficient, and a battery is prone to being damaged are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery replacement for electric trucks, and specifically to an ultra-long battery swapping system for electric trucks. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing global emphasis on environmental protection and sustainable development, electric trucks, as an alternative to traditional fuel trucks, have gradually become an important choice in the logistics industry. However, the popularization of electric trucks faces two major technical bottlenecks: battery endurance and swapping efficiency. Currently, most electric trucks adopt a fixed battery design with limited battery capacity, which is difficult to meet the requirements of long-distance transportation. Although increasing the battery capacity can extend the driving range, it will lead to an increase in the vehicle's own weight and affect the cargo capacity. In addition, the traditional charging method takes a long time and cannot meet the requirements of the logistics industry for efficient operation. Especially in the scenarios of long-distance transportation and frequent round trips, the charging time has become a key factor restricting the popularization of electric trucks.

[0003] The existing battery swapping technologies mainly target small electric vehicles, such as electric passenger cars or electric taxis, which have relatively small battery volumes and relatively simple swapping processes. However, the battery volume and weight of electric trucks are much larger than those of small electric vehicles, and the existing swapping technologies cannot be directly applied to electric trucks. In addition, most of the existing swapping systems adopt complex mechanical structures and manual operations, resulting in long swapping times, low efficiency, and potential safety hazards. Especially in the logistics industry, electric trucks need to frequently replace batteries to maintain efficient operation, and the existing swapping technologies are difficult to meet this requirement. Therefore, developing an ultra-long battery modular swapping system suitable for electric trucks has become a key technical direction to solve the endurance and swapping problems of electric trucks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (1) Technical problems to be solved: Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an ultra-long battery swapping system for electric trucks, which has an adaptive buffer and a rapid docking mechanism, and solves the problems of insufficient docking accuracy between the battery pack and the vehicle chassis and easy damage to the battery in the prior art.

[0005] (2) Technical solutions: To achieve the above purpose of solving the insufficient docking accuracy between the battery pack and the vehicle chassis in the prior art, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: An ultra-long battery swapping system for electric trucks includes a guiding groove and a battery compartment. The inside of the guiding groove is hollowed out, the opening size at the upper end of the guiding groove is larger than that at the lower end, and the overall internal space of the guiding groove is a conical structure. The battery compartment is arranged directly below the guiding groove. A hydraulic buffer mechanism is provided on the inner bottom surface of the battery compartment. The hydraulic buffer mechanism includes no less than two hydraulic cylinders of the same specification. One end of each hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the battery compartment, and the other end is connected to a support plate through a ball joint; the support plate has a degree of freedom of movement in the vertical direction under the action of the hydraulic cylinder; the hydraulic circuits among all the hydraulic cylinders are interconnected. A groove body for storing batteries and charging the batteries is formed inside the battery compartment. A track is connected to the lower end of the battery compartment. The number of battery compartments is no less than two and they are evenly distributed along the track. The battery compartments are movable on the track.

[0006] Preferably, the number of hydraulic cylinders is no less than four and they are arranged at the four corners of the bottom surface of the battery compartment; the hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected to the battery compartment through bolts; inclination sensors are arranged on the lower surface of the support plate, and the number of inclination sensors is four, which are respectively arranged at the four corners of the bottom surface of the battery compartment.

[0007] Preferably, guiding wheels evenly distributed in the vertical direction are arranged on the inner walls around the guiding groove. The guiding wheels all have a degree of freedom of rotating along their own axes, and the axes of the guiding wheels are parallel to the ground; anti-collision layers are arranged on the outer surfaces of the guiding wheels, and the anti-collision layers are made of elastic materials.

[0008] Preferably, electromagnetic positioning strips are arranged on the upper surface of the battery compartment, and electromagnetic positioning strips corresponding in position are also arranged on the lower surface of the guiding groove. When the battery compartment moves to a specified position, the electromagnetic positioning strips are turned on, and at this time, the battery compartment is connected to the guiding groove.

[0009] Preferably, electric control pulleys are arranged on the lower surface of the battery compartment. The battery compartment is connected to the track through the electric control pulleys. The electric control pulleys are controlled by a control system. The battery compartment has a degree of freedom of movement on the track through the electric control pulleys.

[0010] Preferably, the hydraulic circuits among the hydraulic cylinders are interconnected through high-pressure hoses, and electromagnetic control valves are arranged inside the high-pressure hoses.

[0011] Preferably, a buffer pad is arranged on the upper surface of the support plate, and the buffer pad is made of elastic materials.

[0012] Preferably, the guiding groove includes two long plates and two side plates. The long plates and the side plates are combined to form the guiding groove. The long plates and the side plates are separable from each other, and pull rods are arranged on the outer surfaces of the long plates and the side plates.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the pull rod is connected to the long board or the side board, and the other end is connected to the motor. Driven by the motor, the pull rod can drive the long board and the side board to perform linear motion in the horizontal direction.

[0014] (III) Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an ultra-long battery replacement system for electric trucks, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this ultra-long battery replacement system for electric trucks, through the provision of a guiding groove and a hydraulic buffer structure, high-precision docking and buffer protection of the battery module are achieved; when the vehicle stops stably, the hydraulic cylinder drives the pallet to move upward. After the pallet stops stably, the battery door at the bottom of the vehicle opens, and the battery module naturally falls onto the pallet. Since the position of the pallet rises and an elastic buffer pad is provided on its upper surface, the impact force received by the battery module during the falling process is effectively absorbed, avoiding deformation of the battery shell or damage to internal components; subsequently, the hydraulic cylinder drives the pallet to slowly descend, and the battery module is smoothly sent into the guiding groove. The guiding groove adopts a tapered structure with a wider upper part and a narrower lower part, and the battery module is precisely guided by the gradually narrowing outer periphery. At the same time, guide wheels are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the guiding groove, and the outer surface of the guide wheels is covered with an elastic anti-collision layer, which not only reduces the friction between the battery module and the inner wall of the guiding groove but also ensures the smooth sliding of the battery module; finally, under the guiding action of the guiding groove, the battery module smoothly enters the charging bin to achieve precise docking.

[0015] 2. In this ultra-long battery replacement system for electric trucks, by providing a hydraulic buffer mechanism and adopting a design with interconnected hydraulic circuits, the impact force and uneven force during the falling of the ultra-long battery are effectively solved; specifically, the hydraulic cylinders in the hydraulic buffer mechanism are interconnected through high-pressure hoses to form a hydraulic circuit. When the battery module falls onto the pallet, due to the large overall length of the ultra-long battery, it is difficult to ensure that its lower surface contacts the pallet simultaneously, and often one end contacts first. This single-point contact will cause a sudden increase in the contact surface pressure and is extremely likely to cause battery damage; and we connect the hydraulic cylinder circuits under the pallet. When one end is first stressed, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder at this end is squeezed and flows through the high-pressure hose to other hydraulic cylinders, not only buffering the impact force of the battery falling but also enabling the pallet to automatically return to a horizontal state through the passive compensation effect of the hydraulic oil. This design ensures the safety of the battery while using passive compensation to adjust the hydraulic cylinder, reducing costs.

[0016] 3. The ultra-long battery swapping system for electric trucks divides the guiding groove into two long plates and two side plates, and installs pull rods and motors on the outer surface, realizing the flexible adjustment of the guiding groove. The motor can drive the two long plates and two side plates to move linearly in the horizontal direction. Compared with the prior art, this design can adapt to battery structures of various lengths and sizes, significantly improving the versatility and adaptability of the system. In addition, electromagnetic positioning strips are provided on the lower surface of the guiding groove and the upper surface of the battery compartment. When the battery model changes and the size of the battery compartment is adjusted, the electromagnetic positioning strips are electrified to generate magnetism, and at the same time, the motor drives the long plates and side plates to move until the electromagnetic positioning strips on the lower surface of the guiding groove and the upper surface of the battery compartment attract each other, completing the precise docking. This design not only realizes the rapid and precise docking of the guiding groove and the battery compartment, but also significantly improves the flexibility and battery swapping efficiency of the system through the intelligent control of the electromagnetic positioning strips, meeting the battery swapping requirements of electric trucks for different specifications of batteries. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the guiding groove structure of the present invention; Figure 3 Exploded view of the guiding groove structure of the present invention; Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of the battery compartment structure of the present invention; Figure 5 States of the present invention when encountering batteries and battery compartments of different lengths.

[0018] In the figure: 1. Guiding groove; 11. Guide wheel; 111. Anti-collision layer; 12. Long plate; 13. Side plate; 14. Pull rod; 2. Battery compartment; 21. Electric control pulley; 3. Hydraulic buffer mechanism; 31. Hydraulic cylinder; 32. Ball head connector; 33. High-pressure hose; 34. Electromagnetic control valve; 4. Support plate; 41. Buffer pad; 5. Inclination sensor; 6. Track; 7. Electromagnetic positioning strip. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0019] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] Please refer to Figures 1-4, an electric truck ultra-long battery swapping system, including a guiding groove 1 and a battery compartment 2. The inside of the guiding groove 1 is hollowed out. The upper opening of the guiding groove 1 is larger than the lower end. The overall internal space of the guiding groove 1 is a conical structure, which is convenient for positioning and guiding the battery; The battery compartment 2 is arranged directly below the guiding groove 1. The battery compartment 2 is used to place the battery and charge the battery inside it. In actual use, the charging port electrical contact can be set on the side surface of the charging compartment, or wireless charging can be achieved by using a pallet 4; a hydraulic buffer mechanism 3 is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the battery compartment 2. The hydraulic buffer mechanism 3 includes no less than two hydraulic cylinders 31 with the same specifications. In this embodiment, the number of hydraulic cylinders 31 is specifically four, and they are evenly arranged at the four corners of the bottom surface of the battery compartment 2. In actual use, the distribution of the hydraulic cylinders 31 can be arranged according to the battery model. One end of the hydraulic cylinder 31 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the battery compartment 2 through a bolt, and the other end is connected to a pallet 4 through a ball joint 32 to ensure that when the impact force of the battery causes fluctuations in the hydraulic cylinder 31, the hydraulic cylinders 31 can respond flexibly; the pallet 4 has a vertical degree of freedom of movement under the action of the hydraulic cylinder 31 to achieve the lifting function; the hydraulic circuits between all the hydraulic cylinders 31 are interconnected with each other, and the hydraulic cylinders 31 are interconnected through a high-pressure hose 33 to realize the intercommunication of the hydraulic circuit. An electromagnetic control valve 34 is arranged inside the high-pressure hose 33, effectively solving the problems of the impact force and uneven force when the ultra-long battery falls; specifically, the hydraulic cylinders 31 in the hydraulic buffer mechanism 3 are interconnected through a high-pressure hose 33 to form a hydraulic circuit. When the battery module falls onto the pallet 4, due to the large overall length of the ultra-long battery, it is difficult to ensure that its lower surface contacts the pallet 4 simultaneously, and often one end will contact first. This single-point contact will cause a sudden increase in the contact surface pressure and easily cause battery damage; and we connect the hydraulic cylinder 31 circuits under the pallet 4. When one end is first stressed, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 31 at this end is squeezed and flows through the high-pressure hose 33 to other hydraulic cylinders 31, not only buffering the impact force of the battery falling, but also making the pallet 4 automatically return to the horizontal state through the passive compensation effect of the hydraulic oil. This design ensures the safety of the battery while using passive compensation to adjust the hydraulic cylinder 31, reducing costs; at the same time, an inclination sensor 5 is arranged on the lower surface of the pallet 4. The number of inclination sensors 5 is four, which are respectively arranged at the four corners of the bottom surface of the battery compartment 2. The inclination sensor 5 can transmit the inclination signal to the control system to further actively compensate the hydraulic cylinder 31.

[0021] The interior of the battery compartment 2 is used to store batteries. The lower end of the battery compartment 2 is connected to a track 6. An electric control pulley 21 is provided on the lower surface of the battery compartment 2. The battery compartment 2 is connected to the track 6 through the electric control pulley 21. The electric control pulley 21 is controlled by a control system. The battery compartment 2 has a degree of freedom to move on the track 6 through the electric control pulley 21. The number of battery compartments 2 is not less than two and is evenly distributed along the track 6. When a vehicle needs to have its battery replaced, it first stops at a designated point. At this time, there is no battery inside the battery compartment 2 directly below the guiding groove 1. After the vehicle's battery enters the battery compartment 2, the battery compartment 2 carrying the discharged battery travels on the track 6 using the electric control pulley 21 and moves away from below the guiding groove 1. Then, the battery compartment 2 carrying the fully charged battery moves closer to and aligns directly below the guiding groove 1, replaces the fully charged battery into the vehicle to complete the battery replacement. Subsequently, the battery compartment 2 without a battery inside stops directly below the guiding groove 1 and waits for the next vehicle to have its battery replaced.

[0022] Please refer to Figures 1-3 , on the inner walls around the guiding groove 1, there are guiding wheels 11 evenly distributed in the vertical direction. Each guiding wheel 11 has a degree of freedom to rotate along its own axis. The axis of the guiding wheel 11 is parallel to the ground, making the rotation direction of the guiding wheel 11 tangent to the direction of the battery's fall, reducing the friction between the battery and the guiding groove 1; an anti-collision layer 111 is provided on the outer surface of each guiding wheel 11. The anti-collision layer 111 is made of an elastic material. A buffer pad 41 is provided on the upper surface of the support plate 4. The buffer pad 41 is made of an elastic material. In this embodiment, the elastic material is specifically rubber material, which can effectively buffer the impact force of the battery.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 5 , the guiding groove 1 includes two long plates 12 and two side plates 13. The long plates 12 and the side plates 13 are combined to form the guiding groove 1. The long plates 12 and the side plates 13 can be separated from each other. A pull rod 14 is provided on the outer surfaces of the long plates 12 and the side plates 13. In actual use, the battery compartment 2 can be arranged under the platform where the car is parked. The platform has a battery opening at the position where the battery is replaced, and the motor and the pull rod 14 can be fixed through the inner wall downward of the battery opening; one end of the pull rod 14 is connected to the long plate 12 or the side plate 13, and the other end is connected to the motor. Driven by the motor, the pull rod 14 can drive the long plates 12 and the side plates 13 to perform linear motion in the horizontal direction, enabling the guiding groove 1 to flexibly change the positions of its four sides according to batteries of different sizes; compared with the prior art, this design can adapt to battery structures of various lengths and sizes, significantly improving the versatility and adaptability of the system.

[0024] Please refer to Figure 5, an electromagnetic positioning strip 7 is provided on the upper surface of the battery compartment 2, and an electromagnetic positioning strip 7 corresponding to the position is also provided on the lower surface of the guiding groove 1. When the battery compartment 2 moves to the designated position, the electromagnetic positioning strip 7 is turned on, and at this time, the battery compartment 2 is connected to the guiding groove 1; when the size of the battery compartment 2 is adjusted due to the change of the battery model, the electromagnetic positioning strip 7 is electrified to generate magnetism, and at the same time, the motor drives the long plate 12 and the side plate 13 to move until the lower surface of the guiding groove 1 and the electromagnetic positioning strip 7 on the upper surface of the battery compartment 2 attract each other to complete precise docking.

[0025] In summary, the ultra-long battery swapping system for electric trucks realizes high-precision docking, efficient buffer protection and flexible adaptation of the battery module through the innovative designs of the conical guiding groove 1, the hydraulic buffer mechanism 3 and the electromagnetic positioning strip 7. The hydraulic buffer mechanism 3 effectively absorbs the impact force when the battery falls through the design of the interconnection of the hydraulic circuits, and ensures the level of the pallet 4 through the passive compensation mechanism, avoiding damage to the battery due to uneven stress; the conical guiding groove 1 combines with the guide wheel 11 and the anti-collision layer 111 to reduce the friction when the battery slides and ensure its smooth entry into the charging compartment; the electromagnetic positioning strip 7 and the adjustable guiding groove 1 cooperate with each other, enabling the system to flexibly adapt to different specifications of batteries, significantly improving the battery swapping efficiency. While ensuring the safety of the battery, the overall solution reduces the system cost, has high precision, high reliability and wide applicability, and meets the high-efficiency requirements of electric trucks for ultra-long battery swapping.

[0026] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including a..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the said element.

[0027] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An ultra-long battery replacement system for an electric truck, comprising a guide groove (1) and a battery compartment (2), wherein the guide groove (1) is hollowed out, the upper end opening of the guide groove (1) is larger than the lower end opening, and the internal space of the guide groove (1) is a conical structure as a whole; The battery compartment (2) is arranged directly below the guide groove (1); a hydraulic buffer mechanism (3) is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the battery compartment (2); the hydraulic buffer mechanism (3) comprises no less than two hydraulic cylinders (31) of the same specification; one end of the hydraulic cylinder (31) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the battery compartment (2); the other end is connected to a support plate (4) via a ball head connector (32); the support plate (4) has a degree of freedom of movement in the vertical direction under the action of the hydraulic cylinder (31); and the hydraulic circuits between all the hydraulic cylinders (31) are interconnected; The battery compartment (2) has a slot body formed inside for storing batteries and charging the batteries. The lower end of the battery compartment (2) is connected to a track (6). The number of the battery compartments (2) is not less than two and is evenly distributed along the track (6). The battery compartments (2) are movable on the track (6).

2. The electric truck super-long battery replacement system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The number of the hydraulic cylinders (31) is not less than four, and they are arranged at the four corners of the bottom surface of the battery compartment (2); the hydraulic cylinders (31) are fixedly connected to the battery compartment (2) by bolts; the lower surface of the support plate (4) is provided with an inclination sensor (5), and the number of the inclination sensors (5) is four, and they are respectively arranged at the four corners of the bottom surface of the battery compartment (2).

3. The ultra-long battery replacement system for electric trucks according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hydraulic cylinders (31) are interconnected in the hydraulic circuit via a high-pressure hose (33), and an electromagnetic control valve (34) is provided inside the high-pressure hose (33).

4. The electric truck super-long battery replacement system according to claim 1 is characterized by: Guide wheels (11) are evenly distributed in the vertical direction on the inner walls around the guide groove (1), and the guide wheels (11) have the freedom to rotate along their own axes, and the rotation axes of the guide wheels (11) are parallel to the ground; and the outer surfaces of the guide wheels (11) are provided with anti-collision layers (111), and the anti-collision layers (111) are made of elastic material.

5. The ultra-long battery replacement system for electric trucks according to claim 1 is characterized by: An electrically controlled pulley (21) is provided on the lower surface of the battery compartment (2), the battery compartment (2) is connected to the track (6) via the electrically controlled pulley (21), the electrically controlled pulley (21) is controlled by a control system, and the battery compartment (2) achieves freedom of movement on the track (6) via the electrically controlled pulley (21).

6. The ultra-long battery replacement system for electric trucks according to claim 1 is characterized by: A buffer pad (41) is provided on the upper surface of the support plate (4), and the buffer pad (41) is made of elastic material.

7. The ultra-long battery replacement system for electric trucks according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The upper surface of the battery compartment (2) is provided with an electromagnetic positioning strip (7), and the lower surface of the guide groove (1) is also provided with an electromagnetic positioning strip (7) at a corresponding position; when the battery compartment (2) moves to a specified position, the electromagnetic positioning strip (7) is opened, and at this time, the battery compartment (2) and the guide groove (1) are connected.

8. The ultra-long battery replacement system for electric trucks according to claim 7 is characterized by: The guide groove (1) comprises two long plates (12) and two side plates (13); the long plates (12) and the side plates (13) are combined to form the guide groove (1); the long plates (12) and the side plates (13) are separable; and pull rods (14) are provided on the outer surfaces of the long plates (12) and the side plates (13).

9. The electric truck super-long battery replacement system according to claim 8 is characterized by: One end of the pull rod (14) is connected to the long board (12) or the side board (13), and the other end is connected to the motor. When driven by the motor, the pull rod (14) can drive the long board (12) and the side board (13) to perform linear motion in the horizontal direction.

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