Gelling material based on waste incineration fly ash as well as preparation method and application of cementing material

Abstract

The invention relates to a cementing material based on waste incineration fly ash and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method of the cementing material based on the waste incineration fly ash comprises the following steps that by weight, 30-45 parts of waste incineration fly ash, 25-65 parts of silicon-containing industrial waste and 10-20 parts of alkaline industrial waste are crushed, sieved and mixed to be uniform; a solid mixture is prepared; performing stirring reaction: adding water into the solid mixture according to a water-binder ratio of 0.3-0.7, and performing stirring reaction to obtain mixed slurry; curing: after standing the mixed slurry, curing and forming under the conditions that the temperature is 20-80 DEG C and the humidity is greater than or equal to 90% to prepare a primary cementing material; curing: curing the primary cementing material at room temperature to prepare the cementing material based on the waste incineration fly ash. The fly ash solidification and landfill device has the beneficial effects that the fly ash solidification and landfill device can directly replace cement to carry out solidification and landfill on fly ash, so that cement materials are saved; meanwhile, the fly ash recycling prospect of partially replacing traditional building materials is achieved; in addition, the material is simple in process, low-carbon and environment-friendly in the manufacturing process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of environmental engineering, and particularly to a cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, the incineration scale of municipal solid waste in China shows an increasing trend year by year. During the incineration process of municipal solid waste, incineration fly ash accounting for 3% - 5% of the total mass of the incinerated materials will be generated. Since the incineration fly ash contains harmful substances such as high levels of soluble salts, heavy metals, and dioxins, it has been classified as hazardous waste in many countries. This results in the fact that fly ash cannot be directly landfilled or reused like ordinary waste, but needs to be harmlessly treated first.

[0003] Currently, the main treatment methods for fly ash in various countries around the world include fly ash backfilling, landfilling after solidification and stabilization, fly ash washing, resource utilization (such as being used as a cement additive, high-temperature sintering, etc.), metal recovery, etc. However, these fly ash treatment methods all have relatively obvious disadvantages. Although the fly ash washing method can remove harmful substances in the fly ash, the subsequent treatment of harmful wastewater will lead to an increase in disposal costs; the high-temperature melting method can effectively control the leaching of harmful substances in the fly ash. However, the high-temperature conditions (700 - 1600 °C) required by this technology will consume a large amount of energy, and at the same time, some harmful heavy metals will volatilize at high temperatures, such as Cd and Pb; the chelating stabilization technology has a simple process and is currently widely used in China. However, the manufacturing cost of the chelating agent is relatively high, and there is also an obvious heavy metal selectivity; the cement solidification technology is the most common fly ash treatment technology in the world at present, and has the advantages of simple process and low cost. However, cement will consume a large amount of natural resources such as limestone during the manufacturing process, and has a high carbon emission, with poor sustainability. Therefore, the current treatment of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash has disadvantages such as high cost, complex process, and high carbon emission, which is not conducive to large-scale and sustainable disposal and utilization.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new method for treating municipal solid waste incineration fly ash to solve the above-mentioned existing technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (1) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and a preparation method thereof, which solve the technical problems that the current treatment of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash has disadvantages such as high cost, complex process, and high carbon emission, and is not conducive to large-scale and sustainable disposal and utilization.

[0007] (2) Technical Solutions

[0008] To achieve the above object, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0009] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a preparation method of a cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1. By weight, 30 - 45 parts of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, 25 - 65 parts of silicon-containing industrial waste, and 10 - 20 parts of alkaline industrial waste are respectively crushed, sieved, and mixed evenly to obtain a solid mixture;

[0011] S2. Stirring reaction: According to a water-binder ratio of 0.3 - 0.7, water is added to the solid mixture, and a stirring reaction is carried out to obtain a mixed slurry;

[0012] S3. Curing: After the mixed slurry is left standing, it is placed under the conditions of a temperature of 20 - 80 °C and a humidity of ≥90% for curing and forming to obtain a primary cementitious material;

[0013] S4. Maintenance: The primary cementitious material is placed for room temperature maintenance to obtain a cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash.

[0014] Among them, the silicon-containing industrial waste refers to industrial waste whose main components include silicate, SiO 2 and other silicon compounds; the alkaline industrial waste refers to industrial waste whose main component is calcium hydroxide, or whose main component can react to form calcium hydroxide under the participation of water.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, for the preparation method of the cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash,

[0016] In S1, the silicon-containing industrial waste is selected from one or more of silica fume, fly ash, and blast furnace slag.

[0017] Among them, silica fume is a by-product in the production process of ferrosilicon or metallic silicon, and has good pozzolanic activity; fly ash is a by-product after the combustion of a coal-fired boiler, and is considered a pollutant, with a very large reserve and annual output in China; blast furnace slag is a waste residue discharged from a blast furnace during pig iron smelting, and its main components include silicate, iron oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, etc.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, for the preparation method of the cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, in S1, the 25 - 65 parts of silicon-containing industrial waste is composed of 20 - 41 parts of fly ash and 5 - 24 parts of silica fume.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, for the preparation method of the cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, in S1, the alkaline industrial waste is selected from one or more of carbide slag, alkali residue, and saponification waste residue.

[0020] Among them, carbide slag is an alkaline waste residue produced after the hydrolysis of calcium carbide to obtain acetylene gas, and its main component is calcium hydroxide; alkali residue is a waste residue from an alkali factory, and its main components include calcium salts such as calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, and calcium chloride; saponification waste residue is mainly composed of insoluble impurities in lime milk except calcium hydroxide, and also contains calcium carbonate precipitation and a small amount of calcium chloride.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the preparation method of the cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, in S1, the sieve aperture is 60-100 meshes.

[0022] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the preparation method of the cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, in S3, the mixed slurry is allowed to stand for 20-30 min, the curing temperature is 40-60 °C, and the curing humidity is 90-100%.

[0023] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the preparation method of the cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, in S4, the curing humidity is 90-100%, and the curing duration is 7-28 days.

[0024] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, which is characterized in that it is prepared by the preparation method of any one of the cementitious materials based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash in the first aspect.

[0025] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an application of the cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash in building materials.

[0026] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the application of the cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash in building materials, preferably, the building materials are wall panels, floor tiles or road hardening materials.

[0027] (III) Beneficial effects

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: For a cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, its preparation method and application thereof according to the present invention, the incineration fly ash, silicon-containing industrial waste and alkaline industrial waste are mixed in a certain proportion, and water is added for reaction to form a cementitious material with a texture similar to cement. This cementitious material has a good restricting effect on heavy metals in the fly ash, and at the same time has good compressive strength. It can directly replace cement for solidifying and landfilling fly ash, and at the same time has a development prospect of being used as building materials. Compared with the prior art, it can greatly save materials such as cement; the process in the manufacturing process of this material is simple, low-carbon and environmentally friendly; adhering to the concept of "treating waste with waste", while recycling municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, industrial waste is fully utilized, and it has good application prospects.

[0029] Among them, fly ash mainly provides SiO for the reaction 2 and Al 2 O3 ; silica fume is used to provide highly reactive silica to supplement the silicon in the system; carbide slag provides calcium hydroxide component; the reaction of this system utilizes SiO in the raw materials 2 and Al 2 O 3 to react under alkaline conditions to form C-S-H and C-A-S-H hydrogel structures. The prepared cementitious material has a certain strength. After testing, the 28-day compressive strength is higher than 12 MPa, and the highest can reach 20.609 MPa, meeting the compressive strength standard of 15 MPa for MU15 load-bearing bricks specified in the standard "Concrete Common Bricks and Decorative Bricks" NY / T 671-2003; at the same time, the test shows that the heavy metal leaching concentration in the product of the cementitious material treated by this method meets the standards for landfill entry of domestic waste and resource utilization of fly ash.

[0030] Using carbide slag as the alkali-activation raw material, compared with using chemical reagents as the alkali-activation raw material, the highest value of the strength of the prepared cementitious material is increased by 75%, and the effect of restricting the leaching of pollutants in incinerated fly ash (i.e., fixing pollutants) is significantly better than that of chemical reagents.

[0031] Compared with the product of traditional cement solidifying fly ash, the cementitious material prepared by the present invention based on solidifying fly ash with silicon-containing industrial waste and alkaline industrial waste has a significant increase in compressive strength, can be used as load-bearing bricks, realizes the resource utilization of waste, and reduces the use of energy-consuming building resources such as cement.

[0032] Grinding and pulverizing solid waste is beneficial to the occurrence of the reaction to form a cementitious material with a texture similar to cement, and at the same time avoids caking. After the raw materials are pulverized, they are sieved through a 60-100 mesh sieve. The smaller the particle size of the waste, the stronger the reaction activity. Also, it is avoided that the particle size smaller than the aperture of the 100-mesh sieve will damage the original crystal structure of the raw materials, affect the reaction effect, and increase the treatment cost of solid waste.

[0033] The water-binder ratio is set at 0.3-0.7, the slurry is uniform, and all raw materials participate in the reaction, ensuring the strength of the product.

[0034] The curing reaction temperature is set at 20-80 °C. The increase in temperature accelerates the reaction rate and is beneficial to the formation of the early strength (3 and 7 days) of the cementitious material. The range between 40-60 °C is the most suitable, which can ensure the early strength of the cementitious material to a certain extent and will not damage its long-term strength; it avoids the adverse effect of too high curing reaction temperature on the long-term strength of the cementitious material. Specific Embodiments

[0035] For better explaining the present invention and facilitating understanding, the present invention is described in detail through specific embodiments.

[0036] A cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, its preparation method and application proposed by the embodiments of the present invention aim at the technical problems that the current treatment of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash has disadvantages such as high cost, complex process and high carbon emissions, which are not conducive to large-scale and sustainable application. The incineration fly ash, silicon-containing industrial waste and alkaline industrial waste are mixed in a certain proportion, and water is added to react to form a cementitious material with a texture similar to cement. This cementitious material has a good limiting effect on heavy metals in fly ash, and at the same time has good compressive strength and can be directly used as building materials. Compared with the prior art, it can replace traditional building materials and save resources. The material has a simple process, low carbon and environmental protection in the manufacturing process. Adhering to the concept of "treating waste with waste", it makes full use of industrial waste and has good application prospects.

[0037] To better understand the above technical solutions, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. However, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a more clear and thorough understanding of the present invention and to be able to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] This example provides a preparation method of a cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0040] (1) Grind and crush 60 g (33.3 parts) of incineration fly ash, 50 g (27.8 parts) of fly ash, 40 g (22.2 parts) of silica fume and 30 g (16.7 parts) of carbide slag respectively, and mix them evenly after passing through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a solid mixture;

[0041] Among them, XRF shows that the main elemental components of silica fume are: SiO 2 : 95.9%, Fe 2 O 3 : 1.35%, MgO: 0.79, CaO: 0.48%, Al 2 O 3 : 0.47; the main elemental components of fly ash: SiO 2 : 47.3%, Al 2 O 3 : 27.5, CaO: 2.67%, Fe 2 O 3 : 2.48%, MgO: 1.05%.

[0042] The content of the main component calcium hydroxide in carbide slag is 84.6%.

[0043] (2) Slowly add 110 ml of water (water-cement ratio 0.61) to the mixture. During the addition process, use a stirrer to fully stir to make the mixture and water evenly mixed, and obtain a mixed slurry;

[0044] (3) After leaving the slurry at room temperature for 30 min, slowly pour it into a 40 mm * 40 mm * 40 mm triple mold, and place it on a vibrating table to vibrate for 5 min to drive away air bubbles, and obtain a formed test mold;

[0045] (4) Curing: Place the formed test mold in a cement standard curing box for curing. The set temperature of the curing box is 50 °C and the humidity is 92%. After 24 h, take it out and demold to obtain test blocks;

[0046] (5) Maintenance: Continue to place the test blocks in the curing box, set the temperature to room temperature (25 °C) and the humidity to 92%, and obtain the cementitious material;

[0047] Test the obtained cementitious material:

[0048] (1) Strength test: Take out the test blocks after curing for 7 days and 28 days respectively, and conduct a compressive strength test. The compressive strength test refers to the national standard "Test Method for the Strength of Cement Mortar" (GB 17671-2021).

[0049] (2) Leaching toxicity test: After the test blocks are cured for 28 days, conduct a leaching toxicity test, respectively referring to the standards "Leaching Method for Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure of Solid Wastes - Acetic Acid Buffer Solution Method" (HJ / T 300-2007) and "Leaching Method for Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure of Solid Wastes - Horizontal Oscillation Method" (HJ 557-2010), and compare the test results with the concentration limits in "Control Standard for Domestic Waste Landfill Sites" (GB16889-2008) and "Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard" GB 8978-1996 respectively.

[0050] As the best example, the detailed test results of the obtained cementitious material are shown in Table 1. The compressive strengths corresponding to curing for 7 days and 28 days are the highest, reaching 13.292 Mpa and 20.609 Mpa respectively, meeting the compressive strength of 15 Mpa for MU15 load-bearing bricks specified in the standard "Concrete Common Bricks and Decorative Bricks" NY / T 671-2003, and can be used as building materials. Among them, the cementitious material here is a solidified material formed through curing and maintenance; the water-cement ratio refers to the mass ratio of water to the solid mixture.

[0051] Correspondingly, the leaching toxicity test results are shown in Table 1. The heavy metal concentrations obtained according to the leaching method of HJ / T 300-2007 are far lower than the leaching concentrations of mercury, copper, zinc, lead, cadmium, arsenic and chromium specified in BG 16889 (the standard limits shown in Table 1), indicating that the heavy metal leaching concentrations in the cementitious material prepared by this method from solid waste meet the landfill entry standards for domestic waste. In addition, according to the HJ557-2010 leaching method specified in the pollution control requirements for the resource utilization of fly ash in HJ 1134-2020, the measured leaching concentrations of mercury, copper, zinc, lead, cadmium, arsenic and chromium are also far lower than the limits specified in GB 8978-1996 (the standard limits shown in Table 1), indicating that the cementitious material prepared by this method from solid waste meets the standards for the resource utilization of fly ash.

[0052] The process flow of this method is simple and the cost is low. It can effectively and sustainably dispose of waste incineration fly ash, further realize the resource utilization of industrial waste residue, achieve the goal of "treating waste with waste", and has strong promotion value.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] This example provides a preparation method of a cementitious material based on waste incineration fly ash. The difference from Example 1 is as follows:

[0055] In (1), 70 g (41.2 parts) of incineration fly ash, 35 g (20.6 parts) of fly ash, 35 g (20.6 parts) of silica fume and 30 g (17.6 parts) of carbide slag are respectively ground and pulverized.

[0056] In (2), 110 ml of water (water-binder ratio 0.65) is slowly added to the mixture.

[0057] The detailed test results (only the compressive strength was detected) are shown in Table 1.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] This example provides a preparation method of a cementitious material based on waste incineration fly ash. The difference from Example 2 is as follows:

[0060] In (2), 90 ml of water (water-binder ratio 0.53) is slowly added to the mixture.

[0061] The detailed test results are shown in Table 1.

[0062] As shown in Table 1, comparing Example 2 with Example 3, the decrease in the water-binder ratio is beneficial to improving the long-term strength of the cementitious material.

[0063] Example 4

[0064] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, which is different from that of Embodiment 1 in that:

[0065] In (1), 65 g (40.6 parts) of incineration fly ash, 65 g (40.6 parts) of fly ash, 8.5 g (5.3 parts) of silica fume and 21.5 g (13.4 parts) of carbide slag are respectively ground and pulverized.

[0066] In (2), 65 ml of water (water-binder ratio 0.41) is slowly added to the mixture.

[0067] The detailed test results are shown in Table 1.

[0068] As shown in Table 1, by comparing Example 3 and Example 4 with Example 1, it can be seen that while maintaining the total amount of fly ash and silica fume generally unchanged and increasing the dosage of incineration fly ash, the compressive strength of the cementitious material decreases.

[0069] Example 5

[0070] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, which is different from that of Embodiment 1 in that:

[0071] In (2), 126 ml of water (water-binder ratio 0.7) is slowly added to the mixture;

[0072] In (4), the curing set temperature is 80 °C and the humidity is 100%;

[0073] The detailed test results (only the compressive strength was detected) are shown in Table 1.

[0074] As shown in Table 1, by comparing Example 5 with Example 1, it can be seen that when the water-binder ratio is higher than 0.61 and the curing temperature is higher than 60 °C, the strength of the cementitious material decreases significantly.

[0075] Example 6

[0076] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, which is different from that of Embodiment 5 in that:

[0077] In (4), the curing set temperature is 20 °C.

[0078] The detailed test results (only the compressive strength was detected) are shown in Table 1.

[0079] As shown in Table 1, by comparing Example 6 with Example 1, it can be seen that as the curing temperature decreases, the strength of the cementitious material also decreases significantly.

[0080] Comparative Example 1

[0081] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that:

[0082] (1) Remove carbide slag;

[0083] (2) Replace 110 ml of water with: 102 ml of sodium hydroxide with a concentration of 0.5 M;

[0084] Analyze this comparative example. The detailed test results of the cementitious material prepared by replacing the alkaline activator from carbide slag with sodium hydroxide are shown in Table 1. By comparison, it can be seen that the compressive strengths corresponding to 7-day and 28-day curing are significantly decreased, which are 5.503 Mpa and 6.858 Mpa respectively, and cannot meet the compressive strength of 15 Mpa for MU15 load-bearing bricks specified in the standard "Concrete Common Bricks and Decorative Bricks" NY / T 671-2003. It shows that using carbide slag as the alkali-activation raw material, compared with using chemical reagents as the alkali-activation raw material, the strength of the prepared cementitious material is increased by 75%, and the limiting effect on the leaching of heavy metal pollutants in incineration fly ash is significantly better than that of chemical reagents.

[0085] In addition, the leaching toxicity test results of the cementitious material prepared in this comparative example are shown in Table 1. Compared with Example 1, the leaching concentrations of heavy metals have increased. The reason is that the C-S-H gel and C-A-S-H gel structures formed in Example 1 can better fix heavy metals in the ways of physical adsorption and chemical bonding, thus having a good limiting effect on heavy metals.

[0086] Comparative Example 2

[0087] The difference between this comparative example and Example 4 is as follows:

[0088] (1) Replace the 4 raw materials with: 75 g of incineration fly ash and 75 g of portland cement;

[0089] (2) Slowly add 60 ml of water to the mixture (water-cement ratio 0.4, approximately equal to the water-cement ratio in Example 4)

[0090] Analyze this comparative example. The detailed test results of the cementitious material prepared in this comparative example are shown in Table 1. Compared with Example 4, the compressive strengths corresponding to 7-day and 28-day curing are significantly decreased, which are 6.482 Mpa and 10.704 Mpa respectively; the heavy metal concentrations of mercury, copper, zinc, and lead obtained according to the leaching method of HJ / T 300-2007 have all increased significantly. From this comparative example, it can be seen that the strength of the solidified body of the gel material prepared by the present invention using various solid wastes after curing can be comparable to or even exceed that of the solidified body of portland cement. It can not only effectively and permanently fix the incineration fly ash to prevent leaching, but also obtain a high-strength building material substitute, thereby reducing the use of this high-energy-consuming building material such as cement.

[0091] Comparative Example 3

[0092] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is as follows:

[0093] In (1), 45 g (45 parts) of incineration fly ash, 15 g (15 parts) of fly ash, 30 g (30 parts) of silica fume, and 10 g (10 parts) of carbide slag were respectively ground and pulverized.

[0094] In (2), 81 ml of water (water-binder ratio 0.81) was slowly added to the mixture.

[0095] The detailed test results (only the compressive strength was detected) are shown in Table 1.

[0096] Analyzing this comparative example, the detailed test results of the cementitious material prepared in this comparative example are shown in Table 1. Compared with Example 1, the addition amount of silica fume (higher than 24 parts) and the water-binder ratio (higher than 0.7) increase, which will directly affect the compressive strength.

[0097] Comparative Example 4

[0098] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 lies in:

[0099] In (1), 25 g (25 parts) of incineration fly ash, 25 g (25 parts) of fly ash, 25 g (25 parts) of silica fume, and 25 g (25 parts) of carbide slag were respectively ground and pulverized.

[0100] In (2), 64 ml of water (water-binder ratio 0.64, close to Example 1) was slowly added to the mixture.

[0101] The detailed test results (only the compressive strength was detected) are shown in Table 1.

[0102] Analyzing this comparative example, the detailed test results of the cementitious material prepared in this comparative example are shown in Table 1. Compared with Example 1, the addition amount of incineration fly ash is too low (lower than 30 parts), and the addition amount of carbide slag is too high (higher than 20 parts), resulting in an obvious decrease in compressive strength.

[0103] Table 1

[0104]

[0105]

[0106] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, characterized in that, it includes the following steps: S1. By weight, 30-45 parts of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, 25-65 parts of silicon-containing industrial waste, and 10-20 parts of alkaline industrial waste are respectively crushed, sieved, and mixed evenly to obtain a solid mixture; S2. Stirring reaction: According to the water-binder ratio of 0.3-0.7, water is added to the solid mixture, and a mixed slurry is obtained through stirring reaction; S3. Curing: After the mixed slurry is left standing, it is cured and formed under the conditions of a temperature of 20-80 °C and a humidity of ≥90% to obtain a primary cementitious material; S4. Curing: The primary cementitious material is cured at room temperature to obtain a cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash.

2. The preparation method of the cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash as described in claim 1, characterized in that, in S1, the silicon-containing industrial waste is selected from one or more of silica fume, fly ash, and blast furnace slag.

3. The preparation method of the cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash as described in claim 2, characterized in that, in S1, the 25-65 parts of silicon-containing industrial waste consists of 20-41 parts of fly ash and 5-24 parts of silica fume.

4. The preparation method of the cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash as described in claim 1, characterized in that, in S1, the alkaline industrial waste is selected from one or more of carbide slag, alkali residue, and saponification waste residue.

5. The preparation method of the cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash as described in claim 1, characterized in that, in S1, the sieve aperture is 60-100 mesh.

6. The preparation method of the cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash as described in claim 1, characterized in that, in S3, the mixed slurry is left standing for 20-30 min, the curing temperature is 40-60 °C, and the curing humidity is 90-100%.

7. The preparation method of the cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash as described in claim 1, characterized in that, in S4, the curing humidity is 90-100%, and the curing duration is 7-28 days.

8. A cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, characterized in that, it is prepared by the preparation method of the cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash according to any one of claims 1-7.

9. Application of the cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash as described in claim 8 in building materials.

10. Application of the cementitious material based on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash as described in claim 9 in building materials, characterized in that, preferably, the building materials are wall panels, floor tiles, or road surface hardening materials.

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