Boiler Warm Air Monitoring and Control Method and Boiler Warm Air System Based on Dynamic Optimization Control

Abstract

The present application relates to a boiler heating air monitoring and control method and a boiler heating air system based on dynamic optimization control. The boiler heating air system includes a heating air duct, wherein a heater is provided within the heating air duct for performing heat exchange via a heat exchange medium. The boiler heating air monitoring and control method comprises: constructing a two-dimensional coordinate system extending along a cross-section of the heating air duct based on the surface of the heater, collecting point temperature data of a portion of the two-dimensional coordinate system, and collecting temperature field distribution data of the two-dimensional coordinate system; utilizing the point temperature data to correct the temperature field distribution data to obtain a temperature field distribution model; and periodically dynamically optimizing and feedback-controlling the operating parameters of the heat exchange medium of the heater based on the temperature field distribution model. The present application provides a real-time control method for the operating parameters of the heat exchange medium with both accuracy and precision by correcting and coordinating the point temperature data and the temperature field distribution data of the heat exchange medium, thereby preventing the heat exchange medium from freezing within the heater under low-temperature conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of boiler heating technology, and in particular to a boiler heating monitoring and control method based on dynamic optimization control and a boiler heating system. Background Art

[0002] A boiler air heater is a heat exchanger that uses low-pressure steam extracted from a steam turbine to heat the air entering the air preheater. Installed between the blower outlet and the air preheater inlet, it is also called a pre-mounted air preheater. Installing a heater raises the temperature of the air entering the air preheater, raising the wall temperature and thus preventing low-temperature corrosion. The traditional method of preheating the boiler's inlet air with steam from an auxiliary steam header consumes large amounts of steam and consumes high energy. This is especially true in low winter temperatures, where the large temperature difference between the ambient air and the steam inside the boiler air heater can easily cause the heater to freeze.

[0003] In order to reduce the operating energy consumption of the boiler inlet air preheating system, the low-temperature waste heat media such as exhaust steam, circulating water, and desulfurization slurry discharged from coal-fired power plants are used to preheat the boiler inlet air. This not only saves a lot of auxiliary steam consumption, but also realizes the effective utilization of low-temperature waste heat and reduces boiler heat loss.

[0004] However, in the low temperature environment in winter, during the heat exchange process of low-temperature waste heat media such as exhaust steam, circulating water, and desulfurization slurry with ambient air in the heater, there are still uneven heat exchange and flow of the heat exchange media, and a lack of rapid and effective control measures, which leads to freezing and blockage of the system, seriously affecting the stable operation of the system. There is an urgent need for an intelligent monitoring and control method based on the air inlet system of the low-temperature waste heat preheating boiler of a coal-fired power plant to achieve anti-freeze protection and efficient operation of the heating system, ensure the long-term stable operation of the boiler heating system under different seasonal temperature conditions such as low temperature conditions in winter, and reduce operating costs and maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a boiler warm air monitoring and control method based on dynamic optimization control to address the above technical problems.

[0006] The present application discloses a boiler warm air monitoring and control method based on dynamic optimization control, which is implemented in a boiler warm air system. The boiler warm air system includes a warm air channel, in which a heater for performing heat exchange through a heat exchange medium is provided. The boiler warm air monitoring and control method includes:

[0007] Constructing a two-dimensional coordinate system extending along the cross section of the warm air channel based on the surface of the heater, collecting point temperature data of a portion of the two-dimensional coordinate system, and collecting temperature field distribution data of the two-dimensional coordinate system;

[0008] Using the point temperature data, correcting the temperature field distribution data to obtain a temperature field distribution model;

[0009] According to the temperature field distribution model, the operating parameters of the heat exchange medium are periodically dynamically optimized and feedback controlled.

[0010] Optionally, the heat exchange medium operating parameters include at least one of the following: heat exchange medium flow rate, heat exchange medium pressure, and heat exchange medium temperature.

[0011] Optionally, collecting point temperature data of a portion of the two-dimensional coordinate system specifically includes: providing a plurality of temperature sensors on the surface of the heater to collect point temperature data of the warm air channel corresponding to the two-dimensional coordinate system;

[0012] Collecting the temperature field distribution data of the two-dimensional coordinate system specifically includes: setting a thermal imaging camera in the warm air channel facing the heater and used to collect the temperature field distribution map, and converting the image information of the temperature field distribution map into the temperature field distribution data of the two-dimensional coordinate system.

[0013] Optionally, using the point temperature data to correct the temperature field distribution data to obtain a temperature field distribution model specifically includes:

[0014] The temperature field distribution data includes a first portion of data corresponding to the coordinate position of the point temperature data and the remaining second portion of data;

[0015] Obtaining an actual correction term for the difference between the point temperature data and the first portion of data at the corresponding coordinate position;

[0016] performing an interpolation operation on the actual correction term in the two-dimensional coordinate system to obtain a calculated correction term for correcting the second portion of data;

[0017] The first portion of data and the second portion of data are corrected using the actual correction term and the calculated correction term respectively, thereby completing the correction of the temperature field distribution data and obtaining a temperature field distribution model.

[0018] Optionally, according to the temperature field distribution model, periodically dynamically optimizing and feedback-controlling the heat exchange medium operating parameters of the heater specifically includes:

[0019] Establishing an overall objective function for dynamic optimization, the overall objective function including an antifreeze objective function for preventing the temperature from falling below a minimum allowable temperature, and an energy-saving objective function;

[0020] Initial heat exchange medium operating parameters and initial heat exchange medium operating parameter adjustment amounts are set, the total objective function is calculated using the gradient descent method, the heat exchange medium operating parameter adjustment amounts are periodically and dynamically updated, and the heat exchange medium operating parameters of the heater in the previous period are changed according to the updated heat exchange medium operating parameter adjustment amounts.

[0021] Optionally, the antifreeze objective function is expressed using the following formula:

[0022]

[0023] Where:

[0024] J 1, is the antifreeze objective function;

[0025] , is the temperature field distribution model in the two-dimensional coordinate system point The temperature at

[0026] , is the minimum allowable temperature of the heater surface;

[0027] Area represents the area of the heater surface.

[0028] Optionally, the energy-saving objective function is expressed using the following formula:

[0029]

[0030] Where:

[0031] , is the energy-saving objective function;

[0032] , is the weight of energy consumption due to flow change;

[0033] , is the flow regulation of the j-th warm air pump;

[0034] , is the weight of actual power loss of warm air flow;

[0035] , for the The flow rate of the heater pump.

[0036] Optionally, the overall objective function includes a heat exchange efficiency objective function for limiting the deviation between the average surface temperature of the heater and the target temperature. The overall objective function is expressed using the following formula:

[0037]

[0038] Where:

[0039] J , is the overall objective function;

[0040] J 1, is the antifreeze objective function;

[0041] J 2, is the heat exchange efficiency objective function;

[0042] , is the energy-saving objective function;

[0043] , , , are weight coefficients.

[0044] Optionally, the heat exchange efficiency objective function is expressed using the following formula:

[0045]

[0046]

[0047] Where:

[0048] J 2, is the heat exchange efficiency objective function;

[0049] , is the average temperature of the heater surface, calculated according to the temperature field distribution model;

[0050] , is the expected temperature of the heater surface;

[0051] A is the surface area of the heater;

[0052] Area, representing the surface area of the heater;

[0053] , is the temperature field distribution model in the two-dimensional coordinate system point The temperature at which the

[0054] Optionally, the boiler heater monitoring and control method includes: real-time detection of the lowest temperature of the coordinate position of the temperature field distribution model in the two-dimensional coordinate system, and the maximum temperature difference between any two different coordinate positions. If the maximum temperature difference is higher than a first threshold and / or the lowest temperature is lower than a second threshold, an abnormal state is entered, and the heat exchange medium operating parameters of the heater are adjusted accordingly, and an abnormal state alarm is issued.

[0055] The present application provides a boiler heating system, which includes a first-level air inlet preheating channel, a boiler blower and a second-level air inlet preheating channel arranged in sequence, the first-level air inlet preheating channel and the second-level air inlet preheating channel both being warm air channels, a first air heater and a second air heater being provided in the first-level air inlet preheating channel, and a third air heater being provided in the second-level air inlet preheating channel, the first air heater, the second air heater and the third air heater being all used to perform heat exchange with the heat exchange medium transported by themselves to the corresponding warm air channel; the boiler heating system includes a processor and a controller, the processor being used to implement the boiler heating monitoring and control method based on dynamic optimization control as described in the present application, and to adjust the heat exchange medium operating parameters of the heater through the controller.

[0056] The boiler warm air monitoring and control method based on dynamic optimization control in this application has at least the following effects:

[0057] This application constructs a two-dimensional coordinate system based on the heater surface of the warm air duct. In this two-dimensional coordinate system, point temperature data and temperature field distribution data are corrected and coordinated with each other. That is, the point temperature data is used to calibrate the precision of the surface temperature data, ensuring the accuracy of the temperature field model. The surface temperature data is used to fill in the blank areas between the point temperature data, providing more detailed temperature distribution information.

[0058] The temperature field distribution model combines both local and global information of the two-dimensional coordinate system. It can sensitively detect low temperature or uneven temperature at the same time, and find the lowest operating load state that meets both the minimum temperature and temperature uniformity. Under the premise of ensuring stability during long-term operation, it can reduce operating costs and maintenance expenses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a boiler heating system in one embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a boiler heating system in an embodiment of the present application (the difference is that a first thermal imaging camera 10 and a second thermal imaging camera 11 are added);

[0061] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a boiler warm air monitoring and control method based on dynamic optimization control in one embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a boiler warm air monitoring and control method based on dynamic optimization control in one embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the internal structure of a computer device in one embodiment.

[0064] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. First-level air inlet preheating channel; 2. Boiler blower; 3. Second-level air inlet preheating channel; 4. First air heater; 5. Second air heater; 6. Third air heater; 7. First embedded thermometer; 8. Second embedded thermometer; 9. Third embedded thermometer; 10. First thermal imaging camera; 11. Second thermal imaging camera; 12. First-level warm air pump; 13. Second-level warm air pump; 14. First control valve; 15. Second control valve; 16. Third control valve; 17. Processor; 18. Controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clear, the following further describes this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0066] See also Figure 1In one embodiment of the present application, a boiler heating system is provided. The boiler heating system includes a first-stage air preheating channel 1, a boiler blower 2, and a second-stage air preheating channel 3, which are arranged in sequence. The boiler blower 2 delivers ambient air through the first-stage air preheating channel 1 and the second-stage air preheating channel 3 to the boiler furnace for mixing and combustion with pulverized coal. A two-stage air heater is provided in the first-stage air preheating channel 1, including a first heater 4 and a second heater 5 along the air inlet direction. A first-stage heater, namely a third heater 6, is provided in the second-stage air preheating channel 3. A first embedded thermometer 7 is provided on the leeward side of the first heater, a second embedded thermometer 8 is provided on the windward side of the second heater, and a third embedded thermometer 9 is provided on the windward side of the third heater. The first embedded thermometer collects the temperature of each point on the leeward side of the first heater, the second embedded thermometer collects the temperature of each point on the windward side of the second heater, and the third embedded thermometer collects the temperature of each point on the windward side of the third heater. The high-temperature medium inlets of both the first and second air heaters 4 and 5 are connected to a first-stage heating pump 12. Control valves are installed in their respective pipelines: a first control valve 14 is installed in the connecting pipeline to the first air heater 4, and a second control valve 15 is installed in the connecting pipeline to the second air heater 5. The first-stage heating pump delivers the high-temperature heat exchange medium to the two-stage air heaters within the first-stage inlet preheating channel, where it exchanges heat with the air entering the first-stage inlet preheating channel, raising the boiler inlet air temperature. The high-temperature medium inlet of the third air heater 6 is connected to a second-stage heating pump 13. A third control valve 16 is installed in the connecting pipeline. The second-stage heating pump 13 delivers the high-temperature heat exchange medium to the third air heater to further heat the air entering the boiler furnace. Finned tubes are used in all three air heaters. In the first heater, an embedded thermometer is located on the leeward side of the finned tubes to collect the temperature of the first heater's leeward side. In the second and third heaters, embedded thermometers are located on the windward side of the finned tubes to collect the temperature of the second and third heaters' windward sides. The density of embedded thermometers at each heater is 3-5 per square meter, with a temperature range of -10-80°C and an accuracy of ±0.2°C. Each embedded thermometer (first embedded thermometer 7, second embedded thermometer 8, and third embedded thermometer 9) is connected to a processor 17 via a data cable. Processor 17 is responsible for collecting, recording, and analyzing the temperature field distribution during the operation of each heater, evaluating the heating system's performance, and providing feedback to a controller 18. Controller 18 is connected to the pipeline valves of each stage of the heating pump and boiler blower via control lines. Specifically, the controller 18 is simultaneously connected to the primary warm air pump 12 , the secondary warm air pump 13 , the first control valve 14 , the second control valve 15 , the third control valve 16 , and the air volume control valve of the boiler blower 2 .The controller 18 feeds back the operating status through the processor 17, adjusts the first-stage heater pump, the second-stage heater pump, the boiler blower and the heat exchange medium outlet pipeline valves of each heater, and adjusts the heat exchange medium operating parameters of different areas accordingly to prevent the heat exchange medium temperature in the heater from being too low and causing freezing and to improve the heating effect.

[0067] Ambient temperature is a key factor influencing boiler heating control. This approach typically involves placing multiple sets of embedded thermometers at intervals on the heater surface. This creates temperature blind spots within the space where the embedded thermometers are located. These blind spots are undetectable by the embedded thermometers and can potentially damage the equipment due to low temperatures. The typical density of embedded thermometers is 3-5 per square meter, making excessively increasing the number of embedded thermometers unrealistic. Existing techniques typically set the minimum allowable temperature for feedback control higher to mitigate system operational risks.

[0068] See also Figure 2 Based on this, in some embodiments of the present application, the boiler heating system includes a thermal imaging camera, and the thermal imaging camera includes a first thermal imaging camera 10 and a second thermal imaging camera 11. Specifically, the first thermal imaging camera is arranged in the leeward direction of the first heater, facing the leeward side of the first heater, for sensing the temperature field distribution of the leeward side of the first heater and collecting image information, and the second thermal imaging camera is arranged in the windward direction of the second heater, facing the leeward side of the second heater, for sensing the temperature field distribution of the windward side of the second heater and collecting image information. Being arranged on the corresponding leeward side and windward side is an optional embodiment. In this embodiment, each thermal imaging camera collects the temperature field distribution map of the leeward side of the first heater and the windward side of the second heater respectively, and transmits it to the processor 17. The processor 17 receives the temperature information from each embedded thermometer and the temperature field distribution map of each thermal imaging camera and processes them. Two thermal imaging cameras collect the temperature field distribution map of the leeward fin of the first heater and the temperature field distribution map of the windward fin of the second heater respectively; the thermal sensing area recognition accuracy of the two thermal imaging cameras is 0.01-0.05m 2 The temperature sensing accuracy is ±0.5°C, and the recognition range of each thermal imaging instrument can be adaptively adjusted based on the area occupied by the heater within the cross-section. It is understandable that the thermal imaging camera is a certain distance away from the heater in the warm air channel, so it can reflect the temperature information of the heater surface as a whole.

[0069] This embodiment provides a boiler heating system, which includes a first-level air inlet preheating channel, a boiler blower, and a second-level air inlet preheating channel arranged in sequence. The first-level air inlet preheating channel and the second-level air inlet preheating channel are both warm air channels. A first air heater and a second air heater are provided in the first-level air inlet preheating channel, and a third air heater is provided in the second-level air inlet preheating channel. The first air heater, the second air heater, and the third air heater are all used to perform heat exchange with the corresponding warm air channel through the heat exchange medium supplied by the heater.

[0070] The boiler heating system includes a processor and a controller. The processor is used to implement the boiler heating monitoring and control method based on dynamic optimization control in each embodiment of the present application, and adjust the heat exchange medium operating parameters of the heater through the controller.

[0071] It can be understood that the boiler heating monitoring and control methods based on dynamic optimization control provided in the various embodiments of the present application are repeatedly configured for different heater areas. Specifically, it includes boiler heating monitoring and control methods that are repeatedly configured in three different areas: the first heater area, the second heater area, and the third heater area. Among them, the first heater area and the second heater area are respectively provided with a first thermal induction imager 10 and a second thermal induction imager 11, and the same two sets of boiler heating monitoring and control methods are applied at the same time. The difference lies in the different settings of the corresponding parameter values, such as the target adjustment temperature, various weights, etc. In the third heater area, since the temperature has risen to a higher level, there is no risk of freezing, and there is no need to configure a thermal induction imager, so the boiler heating monitoring and control method can be simplified. The present application prevents the heat exchange medium (heated water) in the heater from freezing and cracking in the heat exchange pipe under low temperature conditions in winter by performing staged heating of the boiler heating system and detecting and controlling the heating system, thereby improving the operating stability of the system.

[0072] See also Figure 3 In each embodiment of the present application, the control method of the warm air flow in the first heater area and the second heater area is the same, specifically a boiler warm air monitoring and control method based on dynamic optimization control (hereinafter referred to as a boiler warm air monitoring and control method), including steps S100 to S300, wherein:

[0073] Step S100, constructing a two-dimensional coordinate system extending along the cross section of the warm air channel based on the surface of the heater, collecting point temperature data of a portion of the two-dimensional coordinate system, and collecting temperature field distribution data of the two-dimensional coordinate system;

[0074] Step S200, using the point temperature data, correcting the temperature field distribution data to obtain a temperature field distribution model;

[0075] Step S300: periodically and dynamically optimize and feedback-control the operating parameters of the heat exchange medium according to the temperature field distribution model.

[0076] The two-dimensional coordinate system of this application can be understood as a plane coordinate system formed by the collection locations of temperature data at different points on the surface of the heater. In this two-dimensional coordinate system, the point temperature data provides accurate point temperature information, and the temperature field distribution data provides comprehensive cross-sectional temperature information. The point temperature data and the temperature field distribution data are corrected and coordinated to form an accurate and comprehensive temperature field distribution model. That is, the point temperature data is used to calibrate the precision of the surface temperature data, ensuring the accuracy of the temperature field model. The surface temperature data is used to fill in the blank areas between the point temperature data, providing more detailed temperature distribution information. Combining these two factors into a single input factor facilitates the control algorithm to adjust the operating parameters of the heat exchange medium within the heater. The temperature field distribution model combines both local and global information from the two-dimensional coordinate system, sensitively detecting low or uneven temperatures and finding the lowest operating load state that simultaneously meets the minimum temperature and temperature uniformity requirements. This reduces operating costs and maintenance expenses while ensuring stability during long-term operation. This embodiment utilizes the cold-end medium preheating system of a coal-fired power plant to carry out full-process intelligent monitoring and control, providing a strong guarantee for the long-term stable operation of the boiler heating system in winter environments.

[0077] See also Figure 4 One embodiment of the present application provides a boiler warm air monitoring and control method, comprising: a first step of information collection and preprocessing, corresponding to step S100 and its substeps; a second step of constructing a temperature field distribution model, corresponding to step S200 and its substeps; a third step of dynamically optimizing a control algorithm; and a fourth step of control execution and feedback, both corresponding to step S300 and its substeps.

[0078] Step S100 constructs a two-dimensional coordinate system based on the heater surface and extending along the cross-section of the warm air duct. Specifically, the system constructs a two-dimensional coordinate system based on the heater surface and extending along the cross-section of the warm air duct. The origin of the coordinate system (0, 0) is located at a preset reference point in the cross-section of the warm air duct. The X-axis and Y-axis extend horizontally and vertically, respectively, and are measured in meters (m). The temperature at any location is represented by the coordinates (X, Y), where X is the horizontal coordinate and Y is the vertical coordinate. The coordinates of the thermal imager and the thermometer are unified in the same coordinate system.

[0079] The first step, information collection and preprocessing, includes data collection, data cleaning, and normalization. Data collection includes collecting point temperature data for a portion of a two-dimensional coordinate system and collecting temperature field distribution data for the two-dimensional coordinate system.

[0080] In step S100, temperature data is collected at points within a portion of the two-dimensional coordinate system. This includes installing several temperature sensors (e.g., embedded thermometers) on the heater surface to collect temperature data at points on the heater surface corresponding to the two-dimensional coordinate system. An optimal implementation is one in which the temperature sensors are positioned in a manner that corresponds exactly to the coordinates in the two-dimensional coordinate system.

[0081] In step S100, temperature field distribution data in a two-dimensional coordinate system is collected. Specifically, the process includes: placing a thermal imaging camera on the surface of the heater to collect a temperature field distribution map, and converting the image information of the temperature field distribution map into temperature field distribution data in a two-dimensional coordinate system. The temperature field distribution map is a graphical representation of the temperature distribution area. The graphical representation of the temperature distribution area is mapped to a two-dimensional coordinate system, and the temperature field distribution data at the corresponding coordinate position is obtained through image recognition.

[0082] The second step is to construct a temperature field distribution model, which corresponds to step S200 and its sub-steps. Step S200 specifically includes steps S210 to S240, wherein:

[0083] In step S210 , the temperature field distribution data includes a first portion of data corresponding to the coordinate position of the point temperature data and the remaining second portion of data.

[0084] Step S220 , obtaining the actual correction term of the difference between the point temperature data and the first portion of the data at the corresponding coordinate position.

[0085] Step S230 , performing an interpolation operation on the actual correction term in a two-dimensional coordinate system to obtain a calculated correction term for correcting the second portion of data.

[0086] In step S240 , the first portion of data and the second portion of data are corrected using the actual correction term and the calculated correction term, respectively, to complete the correction of the temperature field distribution data and obtain a temperature field distribution model.

[0087] The temperature field distribution data is divided into a first part of data that can correspond and a second part of data that cannot correspond, based on whether it can correspond to the coordinate position of the point temperature data. The detected temperature of the point temperature data is reliable and accurate, and the actual correction item can be obtained after the difference. The actual correction items at different positions will have different deviation values in the entire coordinate system. At this time, the calculated correction items for correcting the second part of the data can be obtained through interpolation operations. Step S200 is specifically implemented by the processor 17. The processor 17 receives the temperature information from each embedded thermometer and the image information from each thermal imaging camera, completes image recognition, performs difference operations and interpolation operations, and constructs a temperature field distribution model for the heater. , the interpolation operation can be, for example, a bilinear interpolation algorithm. Construct the obtained heater temperature field distribution model , which can update in real time and dynamically reflect the changing trend of the temperature field. Under the premise of ensuring accuracy, it simplifies the complexity of the model, improves the calculation efficiency, and meets the real-time control needs.

[0088] For step S200, specifically, the temperature field distribution model T(X, Y) is used to describe the temperature at a point (X, Y) in a two-dimensional coordinate system, and its formula is as follows:

[0089]

[0090] in:

[0091] T(X,Y), is the temperature field distribution model;

[0092] , which is the relative temperature field obtained based on the temperature field distribution map (i.e., the surface distribution map obtained by the thermal imager);

[0093] , is the total correction term based on the point thermometer data, including actual correction term and calculated correction term. All correction terms are obtained as follows:

[0094] At the calibration point (i.e. the location of the temperature sensor) Calculate the error between the thermal imager data and the embedded thermometer data to obtain the actual correction term:

[0095]

[0096] in:

[0097] , is the absolute temperature value of the coordinate position of the temperature sensor;

[0098] , is the coordinate position of the temperature sensor and the relative temperature field identified by the temperature field distribution map.

[0099] Furthermore, the actual correction term is interpolated by bilinear interpolation to generate a continuous correction term function , covering the entire coordinate system. The above method is applicable to the warm air flow control of the first and second heater areas within the primary air inlet preheating channel. For the temperature field distribution model of the secondary air inlet preheating channel, since no thermal imager is provided, the flow control of the third heater area is simplified based on step S200. That is, the temperature field distribution model of the boiler warm air monitoring and control method implemented in the third heater area is obtained as follows:

[0100]

[0101] Where, Interpolate is the interpolation operation; Coordinate position detected by the temperature sensor The temperature value. Generate a continuous temperature field distribution model through bilinear interpolation method. , covering the entire cross section.

[0102] The third step of dynamic optimization control algorithm and the fourth step of control execution and feedback correspond to step S300 and its sub-steps. Step S300 specifically includes steps S310 to S320:

[0103] Step S310, establishing an overall objective function for dynamic optimization, the overall objective function including an antifreeze objective function for preventing the temperature from falling below a minimum allowable temperature, a heat exchange efficiency objective function for limiting the deviation between the average surface temperature of the heater and a target temperature, and an energy saving objective function;

[0104] Step S320, set the initial heat exchange medium operating parameters and the initial heat exchange medium operating parameter adjustment amount, use the gradient descent method to calculate the total objective function, periodically and dynamically update the heat exchange medium operating parameter adjustment amount, and change the heat exchange medium operating parameters of the previous period according to the updated heat exchange medium operating parameter adjustment amount.

[0105] In this embodiment, the constructed total objective function is calculated and optimized. The total objective function includes: antifreeze objective function, heat exchange efficiency objective function, and energy saving objective function. By optimizing the balance of the total objective function, the intelligent adjustment of the operating parameters of the heat exchange medium of the heater is realized. The operating parameters of the heat exchange medium can be, for example, the flow rate, pressure or temperature of the heat exchange medium. According to the requirements of different scenarios, the weight coefficients of different specific objective functions can be dynamically adjusted to flexibly adapt to actual operating conditions. To optimize the objective function, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the three goals of antifreeze, efficient heat exchange and energy saving. Adapt to any coordinate point The temperature field distribution can be expanded from local points to the global region, ensuring more accurate and efficient dynamic optimization control of the system. The antifreeze objective function ensures that the heater wall temperature does not fall below the minimum allowable temperature (set threshold, such as 3°C). The energy-saving objective function minimizes operating energy consumption while ensuring antifreeze and efficient heat exchange.

[0106] Specifically, the overall objective function in step S310 is expressed using the following formula:

[0107]

[0108] Where:

[0109] J , is the overall objective function;

[0110] J 1, is the antifreeze objective function;

[0111] J 2, is the objective function of heat transfer efficiency;

[0112] , is the energy-saving objective function;

[0113] , , , are weight coefficients, users can dynamically adjust the weight coefficients according to the system operation status. For example: priority antifreeze target in winter ( =0.7, =0.2, =0.1); Summer priority energy saving target ( =0.3, =0.4, =0.3).

[0114] The optimal control strategy is then solved, and the fourth step of control execution and feedback is executed to adjust the heat exchange medium operating parameters of each heater, and then detect whether the feedback temperature has reached the set threshold. During this process, the dynamic optimization control algorithm is combined to analyze the temperature change trend and heat exchange medium flow state in the temperature field distribution model, calculate the flow adjustment parameters of each heater, and output the corresponding control signal for execution by the controller. During normal system operation, the controller receives the control signal from the processor and, based on the heat exchange medium operating parameter adjustment amount calculated by the dynamic optimization algorithm sent by the processor, fine-tunes the heat exchange medium operating parameters in real time. For example, by adjusting the valve opening of the corresponding control valve, the heat exchange medium operating parameters of each heater are dynamically adjusted.

[0115] Furthermore, step S320 specifically includes:

[0116] 1) Initialization

[0117] Set the initial heat exchange medium operating parameters and the initial heat exchange medium operating parameter adjustment amount , such as specified or randomly initialized. The heat exchange medium operating parameters and heat exchange medium operating parameter adjustment amounts are specifically flow type parameters.

[0118] Set the maximum number of iterations (N=100 is usually selected) and convergence accuracy (Usually choose ).

[0119] 2) Calculate the total objective function

[0120] Adjust the amount according to the current heat exchange medium operating parameters , calculate the total objective function .

[0121] 3) Calculate the gradient

[0122] Calculate the gradient of the objective function with respect to the regulation amount :

[0123]

[0124] 4) Update the heat exchange medium operating parameter adjustment

[0125] Use the gradient descent method to update the heat exchange medium operating parameter adjustment amount:

[0126]

[0127] in is the learning rate (usually ). The adjustment amount of the heat exchange medium operating parameters in the previous cycle (or the initial heat exchange medium operating parameter adjustment amount ), It is the adjustment amount of the heat exchange medium operating parameters in this cycle.

[0128] 5) Determine convergence

[0129] if or the maximum number of iterations is reached , stop optimization; otherwise, return to step 2).

[0130] 6) Output results

[0131] Output optimal heat exchange medium operating parameter adjustment amount .

[0132] 7) Dynamic Optimization

[0133] Data is collected again every five minutes, the heat exchange medium operating parameter adjustment is updated, and feedback is provided to obtain a new temperature field distribution model and optimization objective function parameters for a new round of optimization. This allows the heat exchange medium operating parameters of the previous cycle to be periodically changed based on the updated heat exchange medium operating parameter adjustment.

[0134] In some embodiments, the contents and functions of the three objective functions are described in detail.

[0135] Antifreeze objective function ( J 1) is used to minimize the deviation between the heater surface temperature and the minimum allowable temperature (set threshold, such as 3°C) to prevent localized low temperatures on the heater surface. The formula physically integrates the entire heater surface area to calculate the cumulative risk of all low-temperature areas.

[0136] Antifreeze objective function ( J 1) Use the following expression:

[0137]

[0138] Where:

[0139] J 1, is the antifreeze objective function;

[0140] , is the temperature field distribution model in the two-dimensional coordinate system point The temperature at

[0141] , is the minimum allowable temperature of the heater surface, and the threshold is set as 3℃;

[0142] Area, which indicates the surface area of the heater.

[0143] Heat transfer efficiency target ( ), used to maximize the overall heat transfer performance of the heater, measured by the uniformity of the temperature field. Improve the overall heat transfer performance of the heater. The physical meaning of the formula is to calculate the average temperature of the heater surface With target temperature deviation.

[0144] Heat transfer efficiency objective function ( ) is expressed using the following formula:

[0145]

[0146]

[0147] Where:

[0148] J 2, is the objective function of heat transfer efficiency;

[0149] , is the average temperature of the heater surface, which is calculated based on the temperature field distribution model;

[0150] , is the expected temperature of the heater surface, which can be set according to different seasons and the priority of different objective functions, such as 5°C to 15°C;

[0151] A, is the surface area of the heater;

[0152] Area, which represents the surface area of the heater;

[0153] , is the temperature field distribution model in the two-dimensional coordinate system point The temperature at which the

[0154] Energy saving target ( ), which is used to minimize energy consumption. Its physical meaning is to achieve a balance between energy-saving optimization and system stability by integrating the actual energy consumption of the heater and the impact of flow changes on the system.

[0155] Energy saving objective function ( ) is expressed using the following formula:

[0156]

[0157] Where:

[0158] , is the energy-saving objective function;

[0159] , is the weight of energy consumption due to flow change;

[0160] , for the j Flow regulation of each heating pump;

[0161] , is the weight of actual power loss of warm air flow;

[0162] , for the The flow rate of the heater pump.

[0163] For the setting of weight coefficient, if energy saving is the priority, you can set =1, =10; if stability is a priority, you can set =10, =1; it can also be adjusted gradually according to the optimization results.

[0164] In some embodiments, the boiler heater monitoring and control method includes: real-time detection of the lowest temperature at each coordinate position of the temperature field distribution model in a two-dimensional coordinate system, and traversing the maximum temperature difference between any two different coordinate positions. If the maximum temperature difference is higher than a first threshold and / or the lowest temperature is lower than a second threshold, an abnormal state is entered, and the heat exchange medium operating parameters of the heater are adjusted accordingly, and an abnormal state alarm is issued.

[0165] When an abnormal situation is detected, the controller immediately increases the flow of the heat exchange medium in the corresponding heater according to the preset fixed flow adjustment strategy to ensure the safety of the system. When the abnormal situation is eliminated, it switches to flow adjustment based on the dynamic optimization algorithm to ensure the continuous efficient and stable operation of the system. The abnormal situation is as follows: when the maximum temperature difference between two measuring points on the surface of the heater is greater than 8°C, the flow of the heat exchange medium corresponding to the heater is controlled to increase by 50%; when the maximum temperature difference between the two measuring points on the surface of the heater is greater than 15°C, the flow of the heat exchange medium corresponding to the heater is controlled to increase by 100%; when the minimum temperature on the surface of the first heater is less than 3°C, the flow of the heat exchange medium corresponding to the first heater is controlled to increase by 50%; when the minimum temperature on the surface of the first heater is less than 1°C, the flow of the heat exchange medium corresponding to the first heater is controlled to increase by 100%.

[0166] The various embodiments of this application utilize a boiler heater monitoring and control method based on dynamic optimization control. By collecting real-time point-level temperature data and surface temperature field image information, they construct an accurate multi-source data-fused temperature field distribution model, analyze the temperature variation trends and heat exchange medium flow patterns within the temperature field distribution model, and generate an optimal control strategy. Based on this control strategy, the flow regulation parameters for each heater are calculated and the corresponding control signals are output. Based on this data analysis, the controller intelligently adjusts the heater's heat exchange medium operating parameters, achieving dynamic and refined regulation.

[0167] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a remote server. Figure 2 The functions required by the processor 17 are shown in the figure below. Figure 5 As shown. The computer device includes a central processing unit, a memory, and a network interface connected via a system bus. The central processing unit of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used to store point temperature data and temperature field distribution data. The network interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the central processing unit, a boiler warm air monitoring and control method based on dynamic optimization control is implemented.

[0168] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a central processing unit. The memory stores a computer program, and when the central processing unit executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:

[0169] Step S100, constructing a two-dimensional coordinate system extending along the cross section of the warm air channel based on the surface of the heater, collecting point temperature data of a portion of the two-dimensional coordinate system, and collecting temperature field distribution data of the two-dimensional coordinate system;

[0170] Step S200, using the point temperature data, correcting the temperature field distribution data to obtain a temperature field distribution model;

[0171] Step S300: periodically and dynamically optimize and feedback-control the operating parameters of the heat exchange medium according to the temperature field distribution model.

[0172] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a central processing unit, the following steps are implemented:

[0173] Step S100, constructing a two-dimensional coordinate system extending along the cross section of the warm air channel based on the surface of the heater, collecting point temperature data of a portion of the two-dimensional coordinate system, and collecting temperature field distribution data of the two-dimensional coordinate system;

[0174] Step S200, using the point temperature data, correcting the temperature field distribution data to obtain a temperature field distribution model;

[0175] Step S300: periodically and dynamically optimize and feedback-control the operating parameters of the heat exchange medium according to the temperature field distribution model.

[0176] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, comprising computer instructions, which, when executed by a central processing unit, implement the following steps:

[0177] Step S100, constructing a two-dimensional coordinate system extending along the cross section of the warm air channel based on the surface of the heater, collecting point temperature data of a portion of the two-dimensional coordinate system, and collecting temperature field distribution data of the two-dimensional coordinate system;

[0178] Step S200, using the point temperature data, correcting the temperature field distribution data to obtain a temperature field distribution model;

[0179] Step S300: periodically and dynamically optimize and feedback-control the operating parameters of the heat exchange medium according to the temperature field distribution model.

[0180] In this embodiment, the computer program product includes a program code portion for executing the steps of the boiler warm air monitoring and control method based on dynamic optimization control in various embodiments of the present application when the computer program product is executed by one or more computing devices. The computer program product may be stored on a computer-readable recording medium. The computer program product may also be provided for download via a data network (e.g., via a RAN, via the Internet, and / or via an RBS). Alternatively or additionally, the method may be encoded in a field programmable gate array (FPGA) and / or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or the functionality may be provided for download using a hardware description language.

[0181] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to memory, storage, database or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application may include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) or flash memory. Volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in many forms such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), etc.

[0182] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined in any manner. To simplify the description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there are no conflicts in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification. When technical features in different embodiments are reflected in the same figure, it can be regarded as that figure also discloses the combination examples of the various embodiments involved.

[0183] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art could make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A boiler heating air monitoring and control method based on dynamic optimization control is implemented in a boiler heating air system, wherein the boiler heating air system includes a heating air channel, wherein a heater for performing heat exchange through a heat exchange medium is provided in the heating air channel, and wherein: The boiler warm air monitoring and control method comprises: Constructing a two-dimensional coordinate system extending along the cross section of the warm air channel based on the surface of the heater, collecting point temperature data of a portion of the two-dimensional coordinate system, and collecting temperature field distribution data of the two-dimensional coordinate system; Correcting the temperature field distribution data using the point temperature data to obtain a temperature field distribution model specifically includes: the temperature field distribution data includes a first portion of data corresponding to the coordinate position of the point temperature data and the remaining second portion of data; obtaining an actual correction term of the difference between the point temperature data and the first portion of data at the corresponding coordinate position; performing an interpolation operation on the actual correction term in the two-dimensional coordinate system to obtain a calculated correction term for correcting the second portion of data; and correcting the first portion of data and the second portion of data using the actual correction term and the calculated correction term, respectively, to complete the correction of the temperature field distribution data and obtain a temperature field distribution model; periodically dynamically optimizing and feedback-controlling the heat exchange medium operating parameters of the air heater based on the temperature field distribution model, specifically comprising: establishing an overall objective function for dynamic optimization, the overall objective function including an antifreeze objective function for preventing the temperature from falling below a minimum allowable temperature, and an energy-saving objective function; setting initial heat exchange medium operating parameters and an initial heat exchange medium operating parameter adjustment amount, calculating the overall objective function using a gradient descent method, periodically dynamically updating the heat exchange medium operating parameter adjustment amount, and changing the heat exchange medium operating parameters of the air heater in a previous period according to the updated heat exchange medium operating parameter adjustment amount; The antifreeze objective function is expressed using the following formula: Where: J 1, is the antifreeze objective function; , is the temperature field distribution model in the two-dimensional coordinate system point The temperature at , is the minimum allowable temperature of the heater surface; Area represents the area of the heater surface.

2. The boiler warm air monitoring and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Collecting point temperature data of a portion of the two-dimensional coordinate system, specifically comprising: providing a plurality of temperature sensors on the surface of the heater, for collecting point temperature data of the warm air channel corresponding to the two-dimensional coordinate system; Collecting the temperature field distribution data of the two-dimensional coordinate system specifically includes: setting a thermal imaging camera in the warm air channel facing the heater and used to collect the temperature field distribution map, and converting the image information of the temperature field distribution map into the temperature field distribution data of the two-dimensional coordinate system.

3. The boiler warm air monitoring and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy-saving objective function is expressed as follows: Where: , is the energy-saving objective function; , is the weight of energy consumption due to flow change; , is the flow regulation of the j-th warm air pump; , is the weight of actual power loss of warm air flow; , for the The flow rate of the heater pump.

4. The boiler warm air monitoring and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overall objective function includes a heat exchange efficiency objective function for limiting the deviation between the average surface temperature of the heater and the target temperature. The overall objective function is expressed as follows: Where: J , is the overall objective function; J 1, is the antifreeze objective function; J 2, is the heat exchange efficiency objective function; , is the energy-saving objective function; , , , are weight coefficients.

5. The boiler warm air monitoring and control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat exchange efficiency objective function is expressed using the following formula: Where: J 2, is the heat exchange efficiency objective function; , is the average temperature of the heater surface, calculated according to the temperature field distribution model; , is the expected temperature of the heater surface; A is the surface area of the heater; Area, which represents the surface area of the heater; , is the temperature field distribution model in the two-dimensional coordinate system point The temperature at which the 6. The boiler warm air monitoring and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boiler heater monitoring and control method includes: real-time detection of the lowest temperature of the coordinate position of the temperature field distribution model in the two-dimensional coordinate system, and the maximum temperature difference between any two different coordinate positions; if the maximum temperature difference is higher than a first threshold and / or the lowest temperature is lower than a second threshold, an abnormal state is entered, and the heat exchange medium operating parameters of the heater are adjusted accordingly, and an abnormal state alarm is issued.

7. Boiler heating system, characterized in that, The boiler heating system includes a primary air inlet preheating channel, a boiler blower, and a secondary air inlet preheating channel arranged in sequence. The primary air inlet preheating channel and the secondary air inlet preheating channel are both warm air channels. A first air heater and a second air heater are provided in the primary air inlet preheating channel, and a third air heater is provided in the secondary air inlet preheating channel. The first air heater, the second air heater, and the third air heater are all used to perform heat exchange with the corresponding warm air channel through the heat exchange medium transported by the heater. The boiler heating system includes a processor and a controller, the processor is used to implement the boiler heating monitoring and control method based on dynamic optimization control according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and adjust the heat exchange medium operating parameters of the heater through the controller.

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