Forging forming method and die for annular piece plate with tooth-shaped structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metal plastic forming, in particular to a forging forming method and die for an annular piece plate with a tooth-shaped structure for an automobile speed reducer. The invention aims to solve the problems that the material utilization rate is low, the forming load is large, the machining process is complicated and the machining cost is high in the existing process of machining the ring-shaped piece with the tooth-shaped structure, so that the batch production of the ring-shaped piece with the tooth-shaped structure cannot be realized. According to the forging forming technology for the annular piece plate with the equal wall thickness, in the forging process, the stress and flowing direction of the material on the inner side of the annular blank are controlled through downward movement of the end face shape of the tooth-shaped male die, and intact filling of the tooth-shaped corner on the inner side and forging forming are achieved. The die comprises a forming male die device, a female die device, an ejection device and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal plastic forming, and particularly relates to a forging method and a die for forming an annular part with a tooth-shaped structure for an automotive reducer by plate forging. Background Art

[0002] Currently, for the annular fittings with a tooth-shaped structure commonly used in automotive reducers, the processing process mainly includes closed-die hot forging, machining, and punching of the upset cylindrical blank. During the closed-die hot forging process, the high-temperature blank is prone to oxidation, the plastic toughness of the forging material is low, the required deformation force is large, and the post-forging processing process is complex; a large amount of machining and large-area punching processes are more likely to cause damage to the forging streamline of the tooth part, thereby affecting the final use quality and service life of the product.

[0003] Nowadays, with the rapid development of the automotive industry, people have put forward higher requirements for the use performance and service life of the annular fittings with a tooth-shaped structure in new automotive reducers. However, the overall processing process of the traditional process is complex, the material utilization rate is low, the forming load is large, the processing time is long, the cost is high, and the use quality and service life of the product are low, which has been difficult to meet the current processing requirements and urgently needs to face the research and improvement of new processes.

[0004] The present invention adopts the plate forging forming process of the annular part with a tooth-shaped structure, replacing the process of first upsetting, then hot forging, and then punching in the traditional process, and can realize near-net forming with less or no cutting in one process. The present invention has the advantages of high material utilization rate, small forming load, simple process, high quality and long service life of the obtained product. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a forging method and a die for forming an annular part with a tooth-shaped structure for an automotive reducer, which can realize the formation of the tooth-shaped part on the inner side of the annular blank in one process, thereby solving the problems of low material utilization rate, large forming load, complex processing process, long processing time, high cost, and inability to perform plate forging forming of such annular parts during the forming process.

[0006] A forging method for an annular part with a tooth-shaped structure according to the present invention includes the following steps: Step 1: Saw and cut the pipe to obtain an annular blank with appropriate dimensions.

[0007] Step 2: Place the annular blank at the female die and position it depending on the outer contour of the blank. Subsequently, the press slider moves vertically downward to drive the male die to extrude and form the material of the inner part of the annular blank, obtaining an annular forging with five identical inner teeth after forging.

[0008] Step 3: The press slider drives the male die to move vertically upward to separate from the workpiece, and the ejector rod pushes the workpiece upward to complete the workpiece taking.

[0009] Step 4: Subsequently, finish machining the inner teeth, outer side, and end face of the forging to obtain an annular component with a complex tooth profile structure.

[0010] A forging die for forming an annular part with a tooth profile structure according to the present invention includes an upper die part and a lower die part: The upper die part includes an upper die base, an upper die backing plate, a punch pressing plate, a punch, and screws; the lower die part includes a lower die base, a lower die backing plate, a die, a ejector rod, and screws.

[0011] The punch, the punch pressing plate, the upper die backing plate, and the upper die base are connected as a whole by screws and then connected to the press slide block.

[0012] The die, the lower die backing plate, and the lower die base are connected as a whole by screws, and there is a gap between the die cavity and the annular blank.

[0013] The die is provided in a stepped manner, and the depth of the die cavity is slightly deeper than the height of the annular blank.

[0014] There is a gap between the ejector rod and the die, the lower die backing plate, and the lower die base.

[0015] The cross-section of the punch has a tooth-shaped groove structure.

[0016] Preferably, the relationship between the outer diameter dimensions Ф 1 、Ф 2 of the punch and the inner diameter dimension d of the blank should satisfy: Ф 1 >Ф 2 >d.

[0017] The present invention can form an annular part with five inner tooth structures through the above method.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve near-net forming with less or no cutting of such tooth-profile-structured annular parts in one process, having advantages such as cost savings, high material utilization rate, small forming load, and good mechanical properties, and promoting the development of new processes and new technologies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a sectional view of the structure of the forging die for forming an annular part with a tooth profile structure according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the punch for forming an annular part with a tooth profile structure according to the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the plate forging process of the ring part with a toothed structure according to the present invention; In the figure: upper die holder 1, upper die backing plate 2, punch clamping plate 3, punch 4, ring blank 5, die 6, ejector rod 7, lower die backing plate 8, lower die holder 9, screw 10, screw 11, screw 12, screw 13, ejector rod 14. Ф 1 、Ф 2 is the outer diameter of the punch, D is the outer diameter of the ring blank, d is the inner diameter of the ring blank, and h is the height of the ring blank. Specific embodiments

[0021] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a plate forging method and die for a ring part with a toothed structure for an automotive reducer, which solves the problems of low material utilization rate, large forming load, complex processing process, high processing cost, and inability to achieve mass production of such ring parts during the existing processing of ring parts with toothed structures.

[0023] In order to make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Please refer to Figures 1-3 , wherein, Figure 1 is a sectional view of the structure of the plate forging die for a ring part with a toothed structure according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the punch for the plate forging of the ring part with a toothed structure according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the plate forging process of the ring part with a toothed structure according to the present invention.

[0025] As shown in Figure 1 , 2 , this example relates to a plate forging die for a ring part with a toothed structure, including an upper die part and a lower die part; the upper die part includes an upper die holder 1, an upper die backing plate 2, a punch clamping plate 3, a punch 4, and screws 11, 10; the lower die part includes a lower die holder 9, a lower die backing plate 8, a die 6, an ejector rod 7, and screws 12, 13; wherein the punch 4 is fixed on the upper die holder 1 through the punch clamping plate 3, the upper die backing plate 2, and the screws 10, 11; the die 6 is fixed on the lower die holder 9 through the lower die backing plate 8 and the screws 12, 13; there is a gap between the ejector rod 7 and the die 6, the lower die backing plate 8, and the lower die holder 9; there is a gap between the cavity of the die 6 and the ring blank 5; The forming force of the punch 4 is provided and guaranteed by the press slide block.

[0026] The cross-section of the punch 4 has a tooth-shaped groove structure.

[0027] The outer diameter dimension Ф of the punch 4 1 、Ф 2 The relationship with the inner diameter dimension d of the blank should satisfy: Ф 1 >Ф 2 >d.

[0028] The die 6 is of a stepped type, and the depth of the cavity of the die 6 is slightly deeper than the height of the annular blank 5.

[0029] As Figure 3 shown, this embodiment provides a forging forming method for an annular part with a tooth-shaped structure, including the following steps: Step 1: According to the characteristics of the target part, cut the material by pipe sawing to obtain an annular blank (3a) with a height h, an outer diameter D, and an inner diameter d. The relationship between the inner diameter dimension d of the annular blank (3a) and the outer diameter dimension Ф of the punch 4 2 satisfies: d < Ф 2 ; Step 2: Place the annular blank (3a) in the die 6 and position it relying on the outer contour of the blank. Subsequently, the press slide block moves vertically downward to drive the punch 4 to extrude the inner part of the material of the annular blank (3a) until the punch 4 reaches the required stroke end point, and an annular forging (3b) with five identical inner teeth after forging can be obtained; Step 3: The press slide block drives the punch 4 to move vertically upward to separate from the workpiece, and the ejector rods 7 and 14 simultaneously eject the workpiece upward to complete the workpiece taking; Step 4: Subsequently, perform a small amount of precision machining on the inner teeth, end faces, and steps of the obtained annular forging (3b) to remove burrs, and an annular component with a complex tooth-shaped structure can be obtained.

[0030] The described annular forging (3b) has five tooth-shaped structures on the inner side and a step, and the height of the forging is basically the same as the height h of the blank.

[0031] The present invention can be used for both forging forming of non-ferrous metals and forging forming of ferrous metals.

Claims

1. A forging die for an annular plate with a toothed structure, characterized in that: It includes an upper die part and a lower die part; the upper die part includes an upper die seat, an upper die pad, a punch plate, a punch and screws; the lower die part includes a lower die seat, a lower die pad, a concave die, a push rod and screws; the punch, the punch plate, the upper die pad and the upper die seat are connected as a whole by screws and then connected to the press slide; the concave die, the lower die pad and the lower die seat are connected as a whole by screws; there is a gap between the push rod and the concave die, the lower die pad and the lower die seat; there is a gap between the concave die cavity and the annular blank; a forging method for an annular plate with a toothed structure includes the following steps: Step 1: saw the pipe to obtain a ring-shaped blank of suitable size.

2. Step 2: Place the annular blank on the die and position it based on the outer contour of the blank. Then, the press slide moves vertically downward to drive the punch to extrude the material on the inner part of the annular blank to obtain an annular forging with five identical internal teeth after forging.

3. Step three: The slide of the press drives the punch to move vertically upward and separate from the workpiece, and the ejector pushes the workpiece upward to complete the removal.

4. Step 4: Subsequently, the inner teeth, outer side and end face of the ring forging are finely machined to obtain a ring component with a complex tooth structure.

5. The forging die for annular plate with a toothed structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the punch has a tooth-shaped groove structure.

6. The forging die for annular plate with a toothed structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relationship between the outer diameters Ф1 and Ф2 of the punch and the inner diameter d of the blank should satisfy: Ф1>Ф2>d.

7. The forging die for annular plate with a toothed structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concave die is arranged in a stepped manner, and the depth of the concave die cavity is slightly deeper than the height of the annular blank.

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