Electric heating roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of roller kilns, and discloses an electric heating roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate, which comprises a furnace shell, and a hearth is arranged in the furnace shell; the roller way conveying mechanism is arranged on the hearth and is used for conveying a material box filled with rare earth fluorocarbonate; the heating elements are mounted on the hearth, and at least two groups of heating elements are distributed on the two sides of the roller way conveying mechanism; a containing cavity is formed in the middle section of the hearth, and a stop piece is arranged in the containing cavity; the lifting doors are mounted on the furnace shell, and the lifting doors on the upper side and the lower side can abut against the stopping pieces to form a heat insulation cavity; the limiter is mounted on the lower side of the furnace shell and used for limiting the position of the material box; through the structural design of multi-layer heat insulation, balanced heating, accurate temperature measurement, efficient shell breaking and the like, the problems of crusting and excessive fluorine content at the bottom during calcination of rare earth fluorocarbonate are solved, and the material heating uniformity and the product quality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of roller kilns, and particularly to an electric heating roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate. Background Art

[0002] A roller kiln is a continuous industrial kiln with roller rods as the material transmission carrier. The rare earth fluorocarbonate is placed in a sagger or directly on the roller rods, and is automatically transported through the rotation of the roller rods, and processes such as heating, calcining, and sintering are completed in the kiln.

[0003] During the production process, the upper layer of materials will form a crust. For a certain batch of materials, due to the low temperature at the bottom of the sagger, the fluorine content in the rare earth oxide with a thickness of 1 cm at the bottom exceeds the standard by 0.3%.

[0004] The core reasons for crust formation are as follows: 1. Excessive top heating or heat radiation: If the power of the top heating elements (such as resistance wires, infrared radiation plates) in the electric heating roller kiln is too high or the distance from the upper layer of materials is too close, the surface temperature of the upper layer of materials will be significantly higher than that of the middle / lower layer, and local overheating will cause surface particles to melt and adhere. The heat dissipation from the kiln top causes local condensation: If the insulation of the kiln top is insufficient, when the high-temperature gas rises and meets the relatively low-temperature inner wall of the kiln top, some low-melting-point volatile substances (such as fluoride, silicate vapor) will condense and drip onto the upper surface, forming the core of the crust. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric heating roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An electric heating roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate, characterized in that it includes: a furnace shell, with a furnace chamber installed inside the furnace shell; a roller conveyor mechanism arranged on the furnace chamber for conveying a material box containing rare earth fluorocarbonate; heating elements installed on the furnace chamber, and at least two groups of heating elements are distributed on both sides of the roller conveyor mechanism; a containing cavity in the middle section of the furnace chamber, with a stop member arranged in the containing cavity; a lifting door installed on the furnace shell, and the upper and lower lifting doors can abut against the stop member to form a heat insulation cavity; a limiter installed on the lower side of the furnace shell for restricting the position of the material box; a crust-breaking mechanism installed on the upper side of the furnace shell for cutting off the crust surface in the material box.

[0007] It further includes a conveyor line for transporting the material box into the roller kiln.

[0008] There is a groove below the strip-shaped high-aluminum brick, and the groove is filled with alumina or asbestos powder.

[0009] A shaft rod driven by a second motor is rotatably connected to the furnace shell, and a propeller blade made of refractory material for scraping the adhesive on the bottom of the furnace chamber is connected to the shaft rod.

[0010] The material box runs on the backing plate. The limiting rod is inserted into the blind hole on the side of the backing plate so that there is an air flow gap between adjacent backing plates. The top surface of the backing plate has a placement groove for accommodating the material box. A deviation rectifying mechanism is installed on the second steel plate. The deviation rectifying mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged second pedestals. The second pedestals are connected to the second slide rails. The second sliders are slidably connected to the second slide rails. The second sliders are connected to the z-shaped clamping arms. The two clamping arms are used to simultaneously center and clamp the backing plate carrying the material box. The clamping arms are rotatably connected to the first connecting rods. The free ends of the two first connecting rods are hinged through the second connecting rod. The middle of the second connecting rod is connected to the third motor. The third motor is connected to the third pedestal. The third pedestal is connected to the second steel plate.

[0011] Second embedded pieces located on the upper and lower sides of the shaft roller are built in the high-aluminum refractory brick. The second embedded pieces are connected to the temperature measuring frames arranged in sections in the roller hearth kiln. The temperature measuring frames include two wireframes distributed on the upper and lower sides of the shaft roller and six vertical rods connecting the two wireframes. There are three vertical rods on each of the left and right sides. Temperature sensors located in the upper left, middle left, and lower left are installed on the three vertical rods on the left side. Temperature sensors located in the lower right, middle right, and upper right are installed on the three vertical rods on the right side.

[0012] A blocking piece located at the position of the furnace shaft hole is installed in the shaft roller. A through hole communicating with the shaft roller is opened on the shaft head. A shaft cover with a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet is rotatably connected to the shaft head. The worm is connected to equally angularly arranged rotating rods. The rotating rods are connected to rollers with annular grooves on the surface. A housing with a U-shaped groove that is in clearance fit with the roller is rotatably connected to the shaft head. A rubber tube is installed in the annular groove. The two ends of the rubber tube are connected to the coolant storage tank. The other two ports of the coolant storage tank are connected to the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet.

[0013] The shell breaking mechanism includes a third telescopic rod arranged on the top of the furnace shell. The cylinder body of the third telescopic rod is connected to the guide seat. The guide rod is slidably connected to the guide seat. The lower end of the guide rod is connected to the first U-shaped seat. The horizontal section of the first U-shaped seat is slidably connected to the second U-shaped seat. The second U-shaped seat has a flank and is connected to the first spring. The free end of the first spring is connected to the first U-shaped seat. A chute is opened on the side wall of the second U-shaped seat. The bottom surface of the first U-shaped seat is connected to a shear seat in the shape of a T. The horizontal part of the shear seat is adapted to the chute. A sunken groove is opened on the bottom surface. A pin shaft is rotatably connected in the sunken groove. Two symmetrically arranged 7-shaped scissors for chopping the caking surface in the material box are rotatably connected to the pin shaft. A rounded rectangular groove is opened on the horizontal section of the scissors. A round rod located in the rounded rectangular groove is connected to the second U-shaped seat. The first spring can prevent the cutting plate from crushing the material box.

[0014] The shell-breaking mechanism includes a cylinder base arranged at the top of the furnace shell. A fourth telescopic rod is hinged to the cylinder base. The piston end of the fourth telescopic rod is connected to a bushing. The bushing is connected to a ball bearing. The ball bearing is connected to a shaft platform. An articulated ear is connected to the shaft platform. The articulated ear is hinged to an articulated seat. The articulated seat is connected to a bearing plate whose bottom surface has a cross-shaped cutting plate adapted to the material box. The top surface of the bearing plate is connected to a sleeve. A sliding rod is slidably connected to the sleeve. The upper end of the sliding rod is connected to a circular tube rotatably connected to the furnace shell. A driving member is connected to the circular tube outside the furnace shell. The driving member is a fifth telescopic rod hinged to the circular tube and whose tail end is hinged to the furnace shell, or a worm and worm gear mechanism.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: High-efficiency calcination: Multiple heating elements are distributed on both sides of the roller path, and with a good furnace thermal insulation structure and a reflector, it can uniformly and efficiently heat rare earth fluorocarbonate, improving the calcination efficiency. Multiple temperature sensors on the temperature measuring frame can comprehensively monitor the temperature inside the kiln, ensure temperature uniformity, and ensure the best sintering performance. Convenient operation: The conveyor line and the roller path conveying mechanism cooperate to achieve automatic conveying, and the deviation correction mechanism ensures stable conveying. The shell-breaking mechanism can automatically process the shell in the material box, and the limiter accurately positions the material box, facilitating operation. Energy-saving and heat-insulating: The lifting door and the stop member form a heat-insulating cavity, reducing heat loss and lowering energy consumption. The furnace chamber is composed of lightweight mullite bricks, diatomite bricks, and heat-insulating carbon felt, etc., with good heat-insulating performance, further improving the energy utilization rate. Safety protection: The mesh plate covers the heating elements outside the furnace shell to prevent operators from being scalded. The shaft roller cooling structure ensures the stable operation of the equipment, avoids failures caused by excessive temperature, and reduces potential safety hazards. Easy maintenance: The propeller blades can regularly clean the adhesions at the bottom of the furnace chamber, facilitating equipment maintenance and extending the service life of the equipment. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the overall structure of an electric heating roller hearth kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate.

[0017] Figure 2 : Three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application.

[0018] Figure 3 : Front view structure schematic diagram of the furnace shell and the furnace chamber.

[0019] Figure 4 : Side view section of the shell-breaking mechanism inside the furnace shell.

[0020] Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the conveyor line structure of the electric heating roller hearth kiln.

[0021] Figure 6 : Schematic diagram of the layering and connection structure of the furnace shell.

[0022] Figure 7 : Schematic diagram of the refractory layer masonry and channel structure of the furnace chamber.

[0023] Figure 8 : Schematic diagram of the axial hole distribution and heat insulation optimization structure of the strip-shaped high-aluminum refractory bricks in the furnace chamber.

[0024] Figure 9 : Schematic diagram of the drive and heat insulation structure of the roller conveyor mechanism.

[0025] Figure 10 : Three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the roller conveyor mechanism.

[0026] Figure 11 : Schematic diagram of the installation position and structure of the stopper.

[0027] Figure 12 : Schematic diagram of the layout of the lifting door and its cooperation structure with the stopper.

[0028] Figure 13 : Three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the lifting door.

[0029] Figure 14 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the position limiter and the positioning of the material box.

[0030] Figure 15 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the shell-breaking mechanism (Example 1).

[0031] Figure 16 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the stirring component for cutting the plate of the shell-breaking mechanism.

[0032] Figure 17 : Schematic diagram of the side view sectional structure of the compression cap.

[0033] Figure 18 : Three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the cam.

[0034] Figure 19 : Schematic diagram of the protection structure of the heating element outside the furnace shell.

[0035] Figure 20 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the cleaning mechanism at the bottom of the furnace chamber.

[0036] Figure 21 : Schematic diagram of the backing plate and the deviation correction mechanism.

[0037] Figure 22 : Three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the deviation correction mechanism on the furnace shell.

[0038] Figure 23 : Three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the deviation correction mechanism.

[0039] Figure 24 : Schematic diagram of the layout of the temperature measuring frame and the temperature sensor.

[0040] Figure 25 : Schematic diagram of the coolant circulation cooling structure of the roller bearing seat.

[0041] Figure 26 : Schematic diagram of the front view cross-section of the roller.

[0042] Figure 27 : Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the coolant storage tank.

[0043] Figure 28 : Scissor structure schematic diagram of the shell-breaking mechanism (Example 2).

[0044] Figure 29 : Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the shear seat.

[0045] Figure 30 : Schematic diagram of the rotatable cutting plate and drive structure of the shell-breaking mechanism (Example 3).

[0046] Figure 31 : Schematic diagram of the front view cross-section of the slide bar.

[0047] Figure 32 : Schematic diagram of the front view cross-section of the bushing.

[0048] Figure 33 : Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the worm and worm gear mechanism.

[0049] In the figure: 1. Furnace shell; 2. Hearth; 3. Roller conveyor mechanism; 4. Material box; 5. Heating element; 6. Stopper; 7. Lifting door; 8. Limiter; 9. Shell-breaking mechanism; 10. Conveyor line; 11. Furnace base; 12. Lower furnace body; 13. First U-shaped steel frame; 14. First steel plate; 15. Second steel plate; 16. Support column; 17. Third steel plate; 18. Upper furnace body; 19. Second U-shaped steel frame; 20. Inlet gas pipeline; 21. Exhaust gas pipeline; 22. Lightweight mullite brick; 23. Diatomite brick; 24. Thermal insulation carbon felt; 25. High-aluminum refractory brick; 26. Reflector; 27. Refractory fiber; 28. Strip-shaped high-aluminum brick; 29. Shaft hole; 30. Shaft roller; 31. Shaft head; 32. First bearing seat; 33. Support plate; 34. Worm gear; 35. Worm; 36. Second bearing seat; 37. Support; 38. First motor; 39. Baffle; 40. First embedded piece; 41. L-shaped plate; 42. First telescopic rod; 43. First slider; 44. First slide rail; 45. Flange; 46. Second telescopic rod; 47. First footrest; 48. Stop bar; 49. Third telescopic rod; 50. Guide seat; 51. Guide rod; 52. First U-shaped seat; 53. Second U-shaped seat; 54. Flank; 55. First spring; 56. Bearing plate; 57. Cutting plate; 58. Through groove; 59. Vertical groove; 60. Outer shell; 61. Top cover; 62. Short shaft; 63. Poking rod; 64. Cam; 65. Second spring; 66. Compression cap; 67. Guide post; 68. Guide groove; 69. Side rod; 70. Rectangular frame; 71. Mesh plate; 72. Shaft rod; 73. Second motor; 74. Propeller blade; 75. Pad; 76. Blind hole; 77. Limit rod; 78. Placing groove; 79. Deviation correction mechanism; 80. Second footrest; 81. Second slide rail; 82. Second slider; 83. Clamping arm; 84. First connecting rod; 85. Second connecting rod; 86. Third motor; 87. Third footrest; 88. Second embedded piece; 89. Temperature measuring frame; 90. Grid; 91. Vertical rod; 92. Temperature sensor; 93. Plug; 94. Shaft cover; 95. Coolant inlet; 96. Coolant outlet; 97. Rotating rod; 98. Roller; 99. Ring groove; 100. Shell; 101. U-shaped groove; 102. Rubber tube; 103. Coolant storage tank; 104. Shearing seat; 105. Pin shaft; 106. Scissors; 107. Rounded rectangle groove; 108. Round rod; 109. Cylinder seat; 110. Fourth telescopic rod; 111. Bush; 112. Ball bearing; 113. Shaft platform; 114. Hinge ear; 115. Hinge seat; 116. Sleeve; 117. Slide bar; 118. Round tube; 119. Driving part; 120. Fifth telescopic rod; 121. Worm gear and worm mechanism. Specific embodiments

[0050] Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0052] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth", "sixth", "seventh", "eighth", "ninth", "tenth" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "mounted", "connected", "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0054] As Figures 1 - 4 shown, in the first embodiment, an electric heating roller hearth kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate includes a furnace shell 1. A hearth 2 is installed inside the furnace shell 1. A roller conveyor mechanism 3 is installed on the hearth 2, and the roller conveyor mechanism 3 is used to convey a material box 4 containing rare earth fluorocarbonate. Heating elements 5 are installed on the hearth 2, and two groups of heating elements 5 are distributed on both sides of the roller conveyor mechanism 3. The middle section of the hearth 2 has a receiving cavity, and a stop member 6 is installed in the receiving cavity. A lifting door 7 is installed on the furnace shell 1, and the upper and lower lifting doors 7 abut against the stop member 6 to form a heat insulation cavity. A limiter 8 for restricting the position of the material box 4 is installed on the lower side of the furnace shell 1. A shell-breaking mechanism 9 for cutting the caking surface in the material box 4 is installed on the upper side of the furnace shell 1.

[0055] As Figure 5 shown, as an optimization of the first embodiment, it further includes a conveyor line 10, and the conveyor line 10 is used to convey the material box 4 into the roller hearth kiln.

[0056] AsFigure 6 As shown in the figure, as an optimization of Embodiment 1, the furnace shell 1 includes a furnace base 11, the furnace base 11 is fixed to the ground by anchor bolts, a lower furnace body 12 is installed on the furnace base 11, the lower furnace body 12 includes a first U-shaped steel frame 13, a first steel plate 14 is connected to the inner side of the first U-shaped steel frame 13, the first steel plate 14 and the first U-shaped steel frame 13 form a groove-shaped structure, and two side ports of the lower furnace body 12 are connected to a second steel plate 15 having a feeding port; a support column 16 is connected to the top surface of the lower furnace body 12, a strip-shaped third steel plate 17 is connected to the inner side surface of the support column 16, and the third steel plate 17 is used for installing a roller conveyor mechanism 3; an upper furnace body 18 is connected to the support column 16, the upper furnace body 18 includes an inverted second U-shaped steel frame 19, a first steel plate 14 is connected to the inner side of the second U-shaped steel frame 19, the first steel plate 14 and the second U-shaped steel frame 19 form a groove-shaped structure, and two side ports of the upper furnace body 18 are connected to a second steel plate 15 having a feeding port; an air inlet pipeline 20 is provided on the lower furnace body 12, and an exhaust pipeline 21 is provided on the upper furnace body 18.

[0057] As Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown in the figure, as an optimization of Embodiment 1, the furnace chamber 2 includes lightweight mullite bricks 22 laid at the bottom, diatomite bricks 23 laid on the side walls, and heat-insulating carbon felt 24 laid on the top. High-aluminum refractory bricks 25 are laid on the lightweight mullite bricks 22. The high-aluminum refractory bricks 25 at the bottom are arc-shaped, and the high-aluminum refractory bricks 25 at the top are arc-shaped. A number of high-aluminum refractory bricks 25 form a square-shaped channel, and the square-shaped channel is used for passing through the material box 4. A reflecting plate 26 is connected to the inner wall of the square-shaped channel; refractory fiber 27 is filled in the gap between the arc-shaped high-aluminum refractory bricks 25 and the flat high-aluminum refractory bricks 25; three layers of strip-shaped high-aluminum bricks 28 are laid in the lateral high-aluminum refractory bricks 25, and shaft holes 29 are provided on the three layers of strip-shaped high-aluminum bricks 28. Heating elements 5 are installed in the shaft holes 29 in the upper and lower layers. The heating element 5 is one of a silicon carbide rod, a resistance wire, and a molybdenum wire. A roller conveyor mechanism 3 is installed in the shaft hole 29 in the middle layer. Heating process: After the material box 4 enters the furnace chamber 2, the heating elements 5 (such as silicon carbide rods, resistance wires, molybdenum wires, etc.) in the shaft holes 29 in the upper and lower layers start to work to heat the material box 4 in the furnace chamber 2. The structure of the furnace chamber 2 composed of the lightweight mullite bricks 22, diatomite bricks 23, and heat-insulating carbon felt 24 effectively insulates heat, and the reflecting plate 26 can improve the heating efficiency. During the heating process, six temperature sensors 92 on the temperature measuring frame 89 measure the temperatures of different nodes inside the roller kiln in real time to monitor and adjust the temperature.

[0058] As Figure 8 As shown in the figure, as an optimization of Embodiment 1, considering that the upper and lower two layers of strip-shaped high-aluminum bricks 28 will conduct high temperature, in order to improve the fire resistance of the furnace chamber 2, there is a groove below the strip-shaped high-aluminum bricks 28, and the groove is filled with alumina or asbestos powder.

[0059] As Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown, as an optimization of the first embodiment, the roller conveyor mechanism 3 includes a shaft roller 30 which is a hollow shaft. The surface of the shaft roller 30 has a ceramic coating. The shaft roller 30 is in clearance fit with the shaft hole 29 in the middle layer. A ceramic fiber felt is installed at the clearance between the shaft roller 30 and the shaft hole 29. Both ends of the shaft roller 30 are connected with shaft heads 31. A first bearing seat 32 is rotatably connected to the shaft heads 31. A support plate 33 is connected to the first bearing seat 32. The support plate 33 is connected to the furnace shell 1. A worm gear 34 is connected to one of the shaft heads 31. A worm 35 is engaged with the worm gear 34. A second bearing seat 36 is rotatably connected to the worm 35. A support 37 is connected to the second bearing seat 36. The support 37 is connected to the support plate 33. The worm 35 is driven by a first motor 38. Roller conveyor: At the roller conveyor mechanism 3, the first motor 38 drives the worm 35 to rotate. The worm 35 drives the engaged worm gear 34, so that the shaft roller 30 rotates. The shaft roller 30 is a hollow shaft with a ceramic coating on its surface and is in clearance fit with the shaft hole 29 in the middle layer. When the shaft roller 30 rotates, it drives the backing plate 75 and the material box 4 to move forward. The material box 4 enters the square-shaped channel composed of a number of high-aluminum refractory bricks 25.

[0060] As Figure 11 shown, as an optimization of the first embodiment, the stopper 6 is located between adjacent shaft rollers 30. The number of the stoppers 6 is two. The stopper 6 includes a baffle 39. The height of the baffle 39 is less than the diameter of the shaft roller 30. First embedded pieces 40 are connected to the upper and lower sides of the baffle 39 and are used for being built into the high-aluminum refractory bricks 25.

[0061] As Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown, as an optimization of the first embodiment, the number of the lifting doors 7 is four. Two lifting doors 7 form a group, and two groups of lifting doors 7 are symmetrically arranged up and down. The lifting door 7 includes an L-shaped plate 41. The vertical section of the L-shaped plate 41 is in clearance fit with the accommodating cavity. The vertical section of the L-shaped plate 41 is used to squeeze the baffle 39. A first telescopic rod 42 is connected to the horizontal section of the L-shaped plate 41, and the first telescopic rod 42 is connected to the furnace shell 1. A first slider 43 is installed on the horizontal section of the L-shaped plate 41. A first slide rail 44 is slidably connected to the first slider 43, and the first slide rail 44 is connected to the furnace shell 1. There is a gap between the opposite first slide rails 44. A flange 45 is connected to the vertical section of the L-shaped plate 41. High-aluminum refractory bricks 25 are laid on the flange 45, and the high-aluminum refractory bricks 25 enclose a heat insulation cavity. There is a hole in the middle of the high-aluminum refractory bricks 25 through which the shell-breaking mechanism 9 passes. Heat insulation treatment: When the material box 4 passes through the middle section of the furnace chamber 2, the stopper 6 is located between adjacent shaft rollers 30. When the lifting door 7 moves, the vertical section of the L-shaped plate is in clearance fit with the accommodating cavity and squeezes the baffle 39. The horizontal section of the L-shaped plate is connected to the furnace shell 1 through the first telescopic rod 42, driving the L-shaped plate to rise or fall. At this time, the upper and lower lifting doors 7 abut against the stopper 6, and a heat insulation cavity is enclosed by the high-aluminum refractory bricks 25 to reduce heat dissipation.

[0062] As Figure 14 shown, as an optimization of the first embodiment, the position limiter 8 includes a second telescopic rod 46 provided at the bottom of the furnace shell 1. The piston end of the second telescopic rod 46 is connected to a first footrest 47. A stop bar 48 is installed on the first footrest 47. The stop bar 48 is used to limit the position of the material box 4 so that the material box 4 stops below the shell-breaking mechanism 9.

[0063] As Figure 15As shown in the figure, as an optimization of the first embodiment, the shell-breaking mechanism 9 includes a third telescopic rod 49 arranged at the top of the furnace shell 1. A guide seat 50 is connected to the cylinder body of the third telescopic rod 49. A guide rod 51 is slidably connected to the guide seat 50. The lower end of the guide rod 51 is connected to a first U-shaped seat 52. A second U-shaped seat 53 is slidably connected to the horizontal section of the first U-shaped seat 52. The second U-shaped seat 53 has side wings 54. A first spring 55 is connected to the side wings 54. The free end of the first spring 55 is connected to the first U-shaped seat 52. The lower end of the second U-shaped seat 53 is connected to a bearing plate 56. A cross-shaped cutting plate 57 is connected to the bottom surface of the bearing plate 56. The cutting plate 57 is adapted to the material box 4. The first spring 55 can prevent the cutting plate 57 from crushing the material box 4. Shell-breaking operation: When the material box 4 moves below the shell-breaking mechanism 9, the stopper 8 acts, and the second telescopic rod 46 extends, pushing the first footrest 47 and the stop bar 48 to limit the position of the material box 4, so that the material box 4 accurately stops directly below the shell-breaking mechanism 9. At this time, the third telescopic rod 49 extends, driving the guide rod 51 and the connected components below to descend. The cross-shaped cutting plate 57 on the bottom surface of the bearing plate 56 contacts the crust surface in the material box 4 for cutting. The dial rod 63 on the cutting plate 57 can rotate and stir the rare earth fluorocarbon below the crust through structures such as a cam 64 and a spiral groove to achieve intermittent rotation.

[0064] As Figures 16 - 18 shown in the figure, as an optimization of the first embodiment, a through groove 58 is opened on the cutting plate 57, a vertical groove 59 is opened on the cutting plate 57, the vertical groove 59 communicates with the through groove 58, a housing 60 is installed on the vertical groove 59. The shape of the housing 60 is tubular, and the housing 60 is flush with the bottom surface of the cutting plate 57. A top cover 61 is connected to the top surface of the housing 60. A short shaft 62 is rotatably connected to the top cover 61. A dial rod 63 is connected to the short shaft 62 outside the top cover 61. The dial rod 63 is located in the through groove 58. The dial rod 63 is used to rotate and stir the rare earth fluorocarbon below the crust; the lower end of the short shaft 62 is connected to a cam 64. The side wall of the cam 64 has a spiral groove. A second spring 65 is connected to the bottom surface of the cam 64. The free end of the second spring 65 is connected to a compression cap 66. The compression cap 66 is slidably adapted to the housing 60. A guide post 67 is connected to the side wall of the compression cap 66. The inner end of the guide post 67 is adapted to the spiral groove. A guide groove 68 for limiting the up and down sliding of the guide post 67 is opened on the housing 60. When the compression cap 66 descends, it squeezes the guide post 67 to rise. The spiral groove of the cam 64 causes the short shaft 62 to rotate intermittently, and the dial rod 63 can stir the rare earth fluorocarbon below the crust.

[0065] As Figure 19As shown in the figure, as an optimization of the first embodiment, considering that the heating element 5 is likely to scald the operator, a side rod 69 is installed on the furnace shell 1, a rectangular frame 70 is connected to the side rod 69, and a perforated plate 71 is connected to the rectangular frame 70. The perforated plate 71 is used to cover the heating element 5 outside the furnace shell 1. At the same time, when the operator approaches, the perforated plate 71 installed on the furnace shell 1 can cover the heating element 5 outside the furnace shell 1 to prevent scalding.

[0066] As Figure 20 shown in the figure, as an optimization of the first embodiment, considering that rare earth fluorocarbonates will accumulate at the bottom of the furnace chamber 2 and adhere to the inside of the furnace chamber 2 after calcination, and need to be cleaned regularly, a shaft rod 72 is rotatably connected to the furnace shell 1. The shaft rod 72 is driven by a second motor 73. A propeller blade 74 is connected to the shaft rod 72. The propeller blade 74 is made of refractory material. The propeller blade 74 is used to scrape the adhesive on the bottom of the furnace chamber 2. Cleaning and maintenance: During the calcination process, rare earth fluorocarbonates may accumulate at the bottom of the furnace chamber 2. The second motor 73 drives the shaft rod 72 to drive the propeller blade 74 to rotate and scrape the adhesive on the bottom of the furnace chamber 2.

[0067] As Figures 21 - 23 shown in the figure, as an optimization of the first embodiment, during the production process, the material box 4 runs on the backing plate 75. Three backing plates 75 are arranged in a row. Blind holes 76 are provided on the side surface of the backing plate 75. A limiting rod 77 is inserted into the blind holes 76. By setting the limiting rod 77, a gap for air flow is left between adjacent backing plates 75. The top surface of the backing plate 75 has a placement groove 78 for accommodating the material box 4; considering that the position of the backing plate 75 is likely to shift when running on the shaft roller 30, a deviation rectifying mechanism 79 is installed on the second steel plate 15 (the inlet side of the material box 4). The deviation rectifying mechanism 79 includes second pedestals 80. The number of the second pedestals 80 is 2. The two second pedestals 80 are symmetrically arranged. A second slide rail 81 is connected to the second pedestals 80. A second slider 82 is slidably connected to the second slide rail 81. A clamping arm 83 is connected to the second slider 82. The shape of the clamping arm 83 is Z-shaped; the two clamping arms 83 are used to simultaneously center and clamp the backing plate 75 carrying the material box 4; a first connecting rod 84 is rotatably connected to the clamping arm 83. The free ends of the two first connecting rods 84 are hinged by a second connecting rod 85. A third motor 86 is connected to the middle of the second connecting rod 85. A third pedestal 87 is connected to the third motor 86. The third pedestal 87 is connected to the second steel plate 15. Conveyor of the material box 4: The material box 4 is placed on the backing plate 75 and transported to the entrance of the roller kiln through the conveyor line 10. At this time, the deviation rectifying mechanism 79 comes into play. The third motor 86 drives the second connecting rod 85 to drive the first connecting rod 84 to move the clamping arm 83 to center and clamp the backing plate 75 carrying the material box 4, ensuring that the running position of the backing plate 75 on the shaft roller 30 is accurate, and adjacent backing plates 75 maintain an air flow gap through the limiting rod 77.

[0068] As Figure 24As shown in the figure, as an optimization of the first embodiment, considering that the existing temperature sensor 92 (thermocouple) is usually installed on the top or side wall of the kiln body, there are detection blind spots. In the area below the roller path: due to the shielding of the roller rods and saggers, the bottom temperature detection error reaches 5 - 8 °C (especially when the stacking height of the material is relatively high); a second embedded piece 88 is built in the high-aluminum refractory brick 25. The second embedded piece 88 is located on the upper and lower sides of the shaft roller 30. A temperature measuring frame 89 is connected to the second embedded piece 88. The temperature measuring frame 89 is arranged in sections in the roller kiln. The temperature measuring frame 89 includes 2 grid frames 90 and 6 vertical rods 91. The 2 grid frames 90 are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the shaft roller 30. 6 vertical rods 91 are connected between the grid frames 90. 3 vertical rods 91 are in a group and are arranged on the left and right sides. 3 temperature sensors 92 are installed on the 3 vertical rods 91 on the left side. The 3 temperature sensors 92 are located at the upper left, middle left, and lower left. 3 temperature sensors 92 are installed on the 3 vertical rods 91 on the right side. The 3 temperature sensors 92 are located at the lower right, middle right, and upper right. The 6 temperature sensors 92 can measure the temperatures at the corresponding nodes for statistics, and test the temperature inside the roller kiln. If the temperature measurement results in the front, middle, and rear three regions are uniform and consistent, the best sintering performance can be ensured.

[0069] As Figures 25 - 27 shown in the figure, as an optimization of the first embodiment, considering that the roller path will conduct heat to the first bearing seat 32, resulting in poor lubrication performance of the bearing seat, a blocking piece 93 is installed in the shaft roller 30. The blocking piece 93 is located at the shaft hole 29 position of the furnace chamber 2. A through hole communicating with the shaft roller 30 is opened on the shaft head 31. A shaft cover 94 is rotatably connected to the shaft head 31. The shaft cover 94 has a coolant inlet 95 and a coolant outlet 96; a rotating rod 97 arranged at equal angles is connected to the worm wheel 34. A roller 98 is connected to the rotating rod 97. The surface of the roller 98 has an annular groove 99. A housing 100 is rotatably connected to the shaft head 31. The housing 100 has a U-shaped groove 101. The U-shaped groove 101 is in clearance fit with the roller 98. A rubber tube 102 is installed in the annular groove 99. Both ends of the rubber tube 102 are connected to a coolant storage tank 103. The other 2 ports of the coolant storage tank 103 are connected to the coolant inlet 95 and the coolant outlet 96. When the shaft roller 30 conducts heat to the first bearing seat 32, structures such as the blocking piece 93 in the shaft roller 30, the through hole on the shaft head 31, the shaft cover 94, the rotating rod 97 on the worm wheel 34, the roller 98, the rubber tube 102, and the coolant storage tank 103 work together to cool the shaft head 31 and ensure the lubrication performance of the bearing seat.

[0070] Beneficial effects of the first embodiment Efficient calcination: Multiple groups of heating elements 5 are distributed on both sides of the roller path. Combined with a good heat preservation structure of the furnace chamber 2 and the reflector 26, the rare earth fluorocarbonates can be heated evenly and efficiently, improving the calcination efficiency. Multiple temperature sensors 92 on the temperature measuring frame 89 can comprehensively monitor the temperature in the kiln, ensure temperature uniformity, and ensure the best sintering performance.

[0071] Convenient operation: The conveyor line 10 cooperates with the roller conveyor mechanism 3 to achieve automatic conveying, and the deviation correction mechanism 79 ensures stable conveying. The shell-breaking mechanism 9 can automatically process the caking in the cartridge 4, and the positioner 8 accurately positions the cartridge 4, facilitating operation.

[0072] Energy saving and heat insulation: The lifting door 7 and the stopper 6 form a heat insulation cavity, reducing heat loss and lowering energy consumption. The furnace chamber 2 is composed of lightweight mullite bricks 22, diatomite bricks 23, heat preservation carbon felt 24, etc., with good heat preservation performance, further improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0073] Safety protection: The perforated plate 71 covers the heating element 5 outside the furnace shell 1 to prevent operators from being scalded. The cooling structure of the shaft roller 30 ensures the stable operation of the equipment, avoids failures caused by excessive temperature, and reduces potential safety hazards.

[0074] Easy maintenance: The propeller blade 74 can regularly clean the adhesive at the bottom of the furnace chamber 2, facilitating equipment maintenance and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0075] As Figure 28 and Figure 29 shown, in the second embodiment, different from the first embodiment, the shell-breaking mechanism 9 includes a third telescopic rod 49 arranged at the top of the furnace shell 1. A guide seat 50 is connected to the cylinder body of the third telescopic rod 49. A guide rod 51 is slidably connected to the guide seat 50. The lower end of the guide rod 51 is connected to a first U-shaped seat 52. A second U-shaped seat 53 is slidably connected to the horizontal section of the first U-shaped seat 52. The second U-shaped seat 53 has a flank 54. A first spring 55 is connected to the flank 54. The free end of the first spring 55 is connected to the first U-shaped seat 52. A chute is provided on the side wall of the second U-shaped seat 53. A shear seat 104 is connected to the bottom surface of the first U-shaped seat 52. The shear seat 104 is in a T shape. The straight part of the shear seat 104 is adapted to the chute. A sunk groove is provided on the bottom surface of the shear seat 104. A pin shaft 105 is rotatably connected in the sunk groove. A pair of scissors 106 is rotatably connected to the pin shaft 105. The scissors 106 are used to cut the caked surface in the cartridge 4. The two scissors 106 are symmetrically arranged. The scissors 106 are in a 7-shaped configuration. A rounded rectangular groove 107 is provided on the horizontal section of the scissors 106. A round rod 108 is connected to the second U-shaped seat 53. The round rod 108 is located in the rounded rectangular groove 107. The round rod 108 causes the scissors 106 to perform a shearing action. The first spring 55 can prevent the cutting plate 57 from crushing the cartridge 4. Movement process: The scissors 106 are hinged in the sunk groove of the shear seat 104 through the pin shaft 105, and their movement trajectory is precisely defined by the rounded rectangular groove 107 and the round rod 108, forming a controllable shearing kinematic pair: The round rod 108 serves as a driving fulcrum to guide the scissors 106 to rotate around the pin shaft 105, avoiding the possible skewing or jamming problems of the traditional rigid cutting plate 57.

[0076] Advantages of the second embodiment The shell-breaking mechanism 9 in the second embodiment can achieve the shearing and breaking action of the scissors 106. The shearing force has a more significant effect on breaking hard crusts, especially suitable for the dense crusts formed due to local high temperatures during the calcination of rare earth fluorocarbonates. The symmetrical scissors 106 can cut the crust from both directions simultaneously, especially suitable for handling irregular crusts (such as warped edges, locally thickened parts, etc.). The contact area of the blades of the scissors 106 is small and the pressure is high, which can quickly cut off the crust surface. The shearing action in the second embodiment can directly crush the crust into granular form, reducing the subsequent material turning steps and improving the shell-breaking efficiency.

[0077] As Figures 30 - 32 shown, in the third embodiment, different from the first embodiment, the shell-breaking mechanism 9 includes a cylinder seat 109 arranged on the top of the furnace shell 1. A fourth telescopic rod 110 is hinged on the cylinder seat 109. The piston end of the fourth telescopic rod 110 is connected with a bushing 111. A ball bearing 112 is connected to the bushing 111. A shaft platform 113 is connected to the ball bearing 112. A hinge ear 114 is connected to the shaft platform 113. A hinge seat 115 is hinged on the hinge ear 114. A bearing plate 56 is connected to the hinge seat 115. A cross-shaped cutting plate 57 is connected to the bottom surface of the bearing plate 56. The cutting plate 57 is adapted to the material box 4. A sleeve 116 is connected to the top surface of the bearing plate 56. A sliding rod 117 is slidably connected to the sleeve 116. The upper end of the sliding rod 117 is connected with a circular tube 118. The circular tube 118 is rotatably connected to the furnace shell 1. A driving member 119 is connected to the circular tube 118 located outside the furnace shell 1. The driving member 119 is used to drive the circular tube 118 to rotate a certain angle. The bearing plate 56 is slidably connected to the sleeve 116 through the sliding rod 117 and can be adjusted axially during rotation. Cooperating with the height adjustment of the fourth telescopic rod 110, the precise control of the breaking depth can be realized to adapt to crust layers of different thicknesses.

[0078] As Figure 33 shown, the driving member 119 includes a fifth telescopic rod 120 hinged on the circular tube 118. The tail end of the fifth telescopic rod 120 is hinged to the furnace shell 1, or the driving member 119 can be replaced by a worm and worm gear mechanism 121.

[0079] Advantages of the third embodiment In Embodiment 3, a cross-shaped cutting plate 57 is used to fit with the material box 4. The cross-shaped cutting plate 57 has a wider crushing coverage area, and can simultaneously cut the caking surface in the material box 4 in multiple directions, forming a cross-shaped crushing path, effectively improving the crushing efficiency and uniformity. The design that the cutting plate 57 rotates by a certain angle along with the circular tube 118 can achieve all-round crushing of the caking surface by adjusting the rotation range, avoiding local residue. Through the multi-directional crushing, articulated flexible transmission and adjustable drive mechanism of the cross-shaped cutting plate 57 in Embodiment 3, improvements are made in terms of crushing efficiency, adaptability, reliability and protection of the material box 4. It is especially suitable for scenarios that require large-area uniform crushing, complex working conditions or high requirements for equipment protection. Compared with Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, it takes into account both the crushing ability and structural flexibility, and has stronger engineering practicability.

[0080] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still make modifications and improvements to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrically heated roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate, characterized in that: include: The invention comprises a furnace shell (1), wherein a furnace chamber (2) is installed in the furnace shell (1); A roller conveyor mechanism (3) provided on the furnace (2) and used for conveying a material box (4) containing rare earth fluorocarbonate; A heating element (5) installed on the furnace (2), with at least two groups of heating elements (5) distributed on both sides of the roller conveyor mechanism (3); A receiving cavity in the middle section of the furnace (2), wherein a stopper (6) is provided in the receiving cavity; A lifting door (7) installed on the furnace shell (1), wherein the lifting doors (7) on the upper and lower sides can abut against the stopper (6) to form a heat-insulating cavity; A limiter (8) installed on the lower side of the furnace shell (1) for limiting the position of the material box (4); A shell breaking mechanism (9) is installed on the upper side of the furnace shell (1) and is used to cut off the inner shell surface of the material box (4).

2. The electrically heated roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace shell (1) comprises a furnace base (11) fixed to the ground by anchor bolts, a lower furnace body (12) being mounted on the furnace base (11), the lower furnace body (12) being composed of a first U-shaped steel frame (13) connected to a first steel plate (14) on the inner side thereof to form a groove-shaped structure, and two side openings thereof being connected to a second steel plate (15) having a feeding opening; the top surface of the lower furnace body (12) being connected to a support column (16), the inner side surface of the support column (16) being connected to a strip-shaped third steel plate (17) for mounting a roller conveying mechanism (3); an upper furnace body (18) being connected to the support column (16), the upper furnace body (18) being composed of an inverted second U-shaped steel frame (19) connected to a first steel plate (14) on the inner side thereof to form a groove-shaped structure, and two side openings thereof being connected to the second steel plate (15) having a feeding opening; the lower furnace body (12) being provided with an air intake pipeline (20), and the upper furnace body (18) being provided with an exhaust pipeline (21).

3. The electrically heated roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace (2) comprises lightweight mullite bricks (22) built on the bottom, diatomite bricks (23) built on the side walls, and thermal insulation carbon felt (24) laid on the top. High-aluminum refractory bricks (25) are built on the lightweight mullite bricks (22). The high-aluminum refractory bricks (25) at the bottom and top are arc-shaped. A plurality of high-aluminum refractory bricks (25) form a square-shaped channel for passing a material box (4). The inner wall of the square-shaped channel is connected to a reflector (26). The gap between the arc-shaped high-aluminum refractory bricks (25) and the flat high-aluminum refractory bricks (25) is filled with refractory fibers (27). Three layers of strip high-aluminum bricks (28) are built in the lateral high-aluminum refractory bricks (25). Heating elements (5) are installed in the shaft holes (29) of the upper and lower strip high-aluminum bricks (28), and a roller conveyor mechanism (3) is installed in the shaft hole (29) of the middle layer.

4. The electrically heated roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roller conveying mechanism (3) comprises a hollow shaft roller (30) having a ceramic coating on its surface, the shaft roller (30) being gap-matched with the shaft hole (29) of the middle layer, and a ceramic fiber felt being installed at the gap; both ends of the shaft roller (30) are connected to shaft heads (31), the shaft heads (31) are rotatably connected to a first bearing seat (32), the first bearing seat (32) is connected to a support plate (33), and the support plate (33) is connected to the furnace shell (1); one side of the shaft head (31) is connected to a worm gear (34), the worm gear (34) is meshed with a worm (35), the worm (35) is rotatably connected to a second bearing seat (36), the second bearing seat (36) is connected to a support seat (37), the support seat (37) is connected to the support plate (33), and the worm gear (35) is driven by a first motor (38).

5. The electrically heated roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stoppers (6) are located between adjacent shaft rollers (30), and the number of the stoppers (6) is two. The stoppers (6) include a baffle (39) whose height is less than the diameter of the shaft roller (30). The baffle (39) is connected to a first embedded sheet (40) for embedding between high-alumina refractory bricks (25) at the upper and lower sides.

6. The electrically heated roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four lifting doors (7), two groups of which are symmetrically arranged up and down. The lifting doors (7) include an L-shaped plate (41) that matches the gap of the accommodating cavity. The vertical section of the L-shaped plate (41) is used to squeeze the baffle (39), and the horizontal section is connected to the first telescopic rod (42) and connected to the furnace shell (1); the horizontal section of the L-shaped plate (41) is installed with a first slider (43), the first slider (43) is slidably connected to the first slide rail (44), the first slide rail (44) is connected to the furnace shell (1), and a gap is left between the first slide rails (44) opposite to each other; the vertical section of the L-shaped plate (41) is connected to a flange (45), and high-aluminum refractory bricks (25) are built on the flange (45) to form an insulating cavity, and the middle of the high-aluminum refractory brick (25) has a hole for the shell breaking mechanism (9) to pass through.

7. The electrically heated roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stopper (8) comprises a second telescopic rod (46) arranged at the bottom of the furnace shell (1), the piston end of the second telescopic rod (46) being connected to a first foot seat (47), and a stop bar (48) for limiting the position of the material box (4) is installed on the first foot seat (47), so that the material box (4) stops below the shell breaking mechanism (9).

8. The electrically heated roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell breaking mechanism (9) comprises a third telescopic rod (49) arranged on the top of the furnace shell (1); the cylinder of the third telescopic rod (49) is connected to a guide seat (50); the guide seat (50) is slidably connected to a guide rod (51); the lower end of the guide rod (51) is connected to a first U-shaped seat (52); the horizontal section of the first U-shaped seat (52) is slidably connected to a second U-shaped seat (53); the second U-shaped seat (53) has a side wing (54) and is connected to a first spring (55); the free end of the first spring (55) is connected to the first U-shaped seat (52); the lower end of the second U-shaped seat (53) is connected to a bearing plate (56); the bottom surface of the bearing plate (56) is connected to a cross cutting plate (57) adapted to the material box (4).

9. The electrically heated roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cutting plate (57) is provided with a through slot (58) and a vertical slot (59) connected thereto. A tubular housing (60) flush with the bottom surface of the cutting plate (57) is mounted on the vertical slot (59). The top surface of the housing (60) is connected to a top cover (61). The top cover (61) is rotatably connected to a short shaft (62). The short shaft (62) located outside the top cover (61) is connected to a lever (63) located in the through slot (58). The lower end of the short shaft (62) is connected to a cam (64). The side wall of the cam (64) has a spiral groove. The bottom surface is connected to a second spring (65). The free end of the second spring (65) is connected to a pressure cap (66) slidably matched with the housing (60). The side wall of the pressure cap (66) is connected to a guide column (67) matched with the spiral groove. The housing (60) is provided with a guide groove (68) for the limit guide column (67) to slide up and down.

10. The electrically heated roller kiln for calcining rare earth fluorocarbonate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace shell (1) is provided with side rods (69), the side rods (69) are connected to a rectangular frame (70), and the rectangular frame (70) is connected to a mesh plate (71) for covering a heating element (5) outside the furnace shell (1).

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