Bridge abutment settlement deformation monitoring device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge monitoring, particularly relates to a bridge abutment settlement deformation monitoring device, and provides the following scheme aiming at the problems that time and labor are wasted and a result cannot be quickly and obviously known when a level gauge is used for monitoring bridge abutment settlement in the prior art. The fixing plate I is fixed on the side surface of a detected bridge pier and close to the top end, the tensioning plate seat I and the tensioning plate seat II are fixed on the same side of a front bridge pier and a rear bridge pier of the detected bridge pier and close to the top end, the same indicating mechanism is fixed between the tensioning plate seat I and the tensioning plate seat II, and the indicating mechanism comprises a spherical shell monitoring cap with a downward opening. According to the invention, during monitoring, the monitoring rod and the vertical rod in the indicating mechanism can be ensured to form relative separation, once the middle detected pier is settled, the compression spring is lengthened and the inner sliding rod axially slides, and at the moment, whether the detected pier is settled or not and the settlement amplitude can be obtained only by observing the slippage amount of the inner sliding rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bridge monitoring, and particularly to a monitoring device for settlement and deformation of bridge piers and abutments. Background Art

[0002] Monitoring the settlement and deformation of bridge piers and abutments is one of the important measures to ensure the safety and stability of bridge structures. Since the piers and abutments of a bridge bear the load of the bridge and are connected to the foundation, their settlement and deformation are directly related to the safety and durability of the entire bridge. Regularly monitoring the settlement and deformation of piers and abutments can timely detect potential engineering problems and prevent serious structural failures.

[0003] After retrieval, the existing bridge pier and abutment settlement and deformation monitoring mechanisms all use a level to perform fixed-point and regular measurements. This monitoring method is highly subjective, and it is extremely easy to have errors during calibration, and it cannot timely and significantly detect the settlement and deformation of bridge piers and abutments. Therefore, we propose a new type of monitoring mechanism that can quickly observe the settlement of bridge piers and abutments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the technical problem that using a level to monitor the settlement of bridge piers and abutments in the prior art is time-consuming and laborious and cannot quickly and significantly obtain the results, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A monitoring device for settlement and deformation of bridge piers and abutments includes a first fixing plate fixed on the side of the measured bridge pier near the top, and a first tension plate seat and a second tension plate seat fixed on the same side near the top of the previous and the next bridge piers of the measured bridge pier. The same indicating mechanism is fixed between the first tension plate seat and the second tension plate seat. The indicating mechanism includes a spherical shell monitoring cap with an opening downward. Two L-shaped fixing frames extending towards the center of the spherical shell are fixed below the spherical shell monitoring cap. The same annular ball sleeve is fixed between the bottom ends of the two L-shaped fixing frames. A steering ball is rotatably connected in the middle of the annular ball sleeve. A vertical through hole passing through the center of the ball is opened at the top of the steering ball, and a monitoring rod is inserted into the through hole. The monitoring rod includes an inner insertion tube inserted into the steering ball. A concentric inner tube is fixed at the bottom end of the inner insertion tube. A compression spring is sleeved and fixed at the bottom end of the concentric inner tube. A first permanent magnet is fixed at the bottom end of the compression spring. An active mechanism is fixed on the front surface of the first fixing plate. The active mechanism includes a bearing plate fixed on the surface of the first fixing plate. A vertical rod capable of adjusting its position vertically is arranged at the top of the bearing plate. A second permanent magnet attracted to the lower surface of the first permanent magnet is fixed at the top of the vertical rod. An inner sliding rod passing through the concentric inner tube is fixed at the top of the first permanent magnet.

[0005] Preferably, two hexagon holes with equal height and equal spacing are respectively formed on the opposite sides of the tension plate seat one and the tension plate seat two, and four groups of opposed nuts are embedded in the four hexagon holes. A threaded column is screwed in each group of opposed nuts, and a pre-tightening spring is fixed at one end of the threaded column close to the spherical shell monitoring cap, and a steel wire is fixed at one end of the pre-tightening spring close to the spherical shell monitoring cap; symmetric strip holes are respectively formed on both sides of the spherical shell monitoring cap, and a connecting column is inserted into each of the two strip holes. Two symmetric welding holes for fixing the steel wire are formed at one end of each connecting column away from the monitoring rod. The four steel wires are in the same plane and two of them are on the same straight line; it can ensure that all the steel wires are in a taut state, and then keep the spherical shell monitoring cap fixed in the middle in a horizontal state. When settlement occurs, that is, when the spherical shell monitoring cap generates a pulling force from the bottom end, the overall sagging amplitude can be minimized.

[0006] Preferably, an embedding groove is formed on the upper surface of one of the connecting columns, and a spirit level is clamped in the embedding groove. Whether the four steel wires are on the same horizontal plane can be monitored by observing the state of the spirit level, and then the threaded column is screwed to make all the steel wires stay on the same horizontal plane.

[0007] Preferably, a connecting block is fixed at the top end of the inner sliding rod, and a rack bar extending vertically downward is fixed on the lower surface of the connecting block away from the inner sliding rod; symmetric fixed ear plates are respectively fixed on both sides of the outer wall of the steering ball close to the rack bar, and the same pinion is rotatably connected between the two fixed ear plates. The pinion meshes with the rack bar, and a pointer is arranged on the side of the pinion away from the rack bar. The center line of the pointer passes through the center of the pinion; a sector indicating plate is fixed on the lower surface of the fixed ear plate close to the rear side; angle scales are arranged at the arc edge of the sector indicating plate.

[0008] Preferably, the ends of the L-shaped fixing frame away from the annular ball sleeve are respectively fixed on the lower surfaces of the two connecting columns, and a plurality of balls are embedded in the circumferential inner wall of the annular ball sleeve to reduce the frictional resistance when the steering ball rotates.

[0009] Preferably, the active mechanism further includes a strip-shaped convex block vertically arranged in the middle on the front surface of the first fixing plate, and hexagonal counterbores are respectively formed near the upper and lower ends of the surface of the strip-shaped convex block, and self-locking screw holes are formed at the bottoms of the two hexagonal counterbores; a U-shaped notch is formed in the middle of the bottom end of the bearing plate, and the width of the U-shaped notch is greater than the width of the strip-shaped convex block, and the thickness of the bearing plate is greater than the thickness of the strip-shaped convex block; pressing plate strips for pressing the bearing plate on the surface of the first fixing plate are screwed and fixed at the two self-locking screw holes; a trough-shaped slide rail with an upward opening and extending horizontally forward is fixed near the top of the front surface of the bearing plate, and a rectangular support block is slidably connected in the chute of the trough-shaped slide rail, and the bottom end of the vertical rod is welded to the upper surface of the rectangular support block; when the first fixing plate is fixed in a somewhat skewed manner during use, the overall bearing plate can still be swung and fine-tuned, and the vertical rod can be adjusted by the forward and backward sliding of the rectangular support block to ensure that the vertical rod is finally vertically located directly below the annular ball sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, a longitudinal slide hole is formed at the bottom of the trough-shaped slide rail, and symmetrically arranged L-shaped clamping rails are respectively fixed on both sides of the longitudinal slide hole on the lower surface of the trough-shaped slide rail, and the same positioning nut is slidably connected between the two L-shaped clamping rails, and an internal hexagonal bolt is screwed in the middle of the positioning nut for positioning the rectangular support block.

[0011] Preferably, a spring abutment ring is fixed near the upper middle of the inner circumferential wall of the inner insertion tube, and a return spring is fixed at the top of the spring abutment ring, and a sliding ejector rod is fixed at the top of the return spring, and a marker pen is fixedly inserted at the top of the sliding ejector rod; a pull rod extending downward and passing through the spring abutment ring is fixed at the bottom end of the sliding ejector rod, and a magnet block is fixed at the bottom end of the pull rod; an electromagnet is fixed on the inner circumferential wall of the inner insertion tube below the magnet block, and when the electromagnet is energized, the sliding ejector rod and the marker pen at its top are pulled down so that the tip of the marker pen does not contact the inner wall of the spherical shell monitoring cap; it only contacts when the bridge pier is skewed, protecting the tip of the marker pen and ensuring that the inner wall of the spherical shell monitoring cap is clean usually. Once a mark is drawn, it is convenient for comparison and observation. A cut-off hole is formed at the top of the spherical shell monitoring cap, and a tensioning cap is fixed above the cut-off hole, and a wire fixing block is fixed near the top of the side surface of the sliding ejector rod, and a monitoring power cord for supplying power to the electromagnet is fixed between the tensioning cap and the wire fixing block.

[0012] Preferably, a vertical positioning groove is formed near the top of the outer circumferential wall of the sliding ejector rod for fixing the wire fixing block on the outer wall of the sliding ejector rod and making the monitoring power cord passing through the cut-off hole in a taut state.

[0013] Preferably, double fixing holes are reserved at the top of the wire fixing block, and a wide-headed positioning screw is reserved near the bottom of the surface of the wire fixing block; the tightened monitoring power cord can be clamped.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. By providing the tension plate seat 1 and the tension plate seat 2 fixed in front of and behind the pier to be measured, during monitoring, it can ensure that the monitoring rod in the indicating mechanism is relatively separated from the vertical rod. Once the pier to be measured in the middle settles, the compression spring will be stretched and the inner sliding rod will have an axial sliding. At this time, just observing the sliding amount of the inner sliding rod can determine whether the pier to be measured has settled and the settlement amplitude.

[0015] 2. By providing the small gear and the rack bar, and cooperating with the setting of the pointer, the sliding amplitude of the inner sliding rod can be amplified into the swing amplitude of the pointer, and the weak settlement is amplified and displayed, thereby improving the observation effect.

[0016] 3. By providing the monitoring rod that can indirectly rotate as the pier translates, once the pier to be measured has a horizontal displacement or tilts to one side, the top of the monitoring rod will swing. At this time, the marker pen is pushed upward, and then a track is drawn on the inner wall of the spherical shell monitoring cap. After that, the displacement direction of the pier can be judged according to the track. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is the front view of the present invention; Figure 3 is the exploded view of the driving mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 is the side view of the indicating mechanism in the present invention; Figure 5 is the present invention Figure 4 is the sectional structural schematic diagram along the line A - A in the present invention; Figure 6 is the present invention Figure 5 is the enlarged structural schematic diagram at B in the present invention; Figure 7 is the exploded view of the indicating mechanism in the present invention; Figure 8 is the assembly drawing of the wire fixing block in the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1, the first fixing plate; 101, the strip-shaped convex block; 102, the hexagon countersunk groove; 2, the steering ball; 3, the annular ball sleeve; 4, the opposing nut; 401, the threaded post; 5, the first tensioning plate seat; 6, the pre-tensioning spring; 7, the connecting post; 8, the L-shaped fixing bracket; 9, the monitoring rod; 901, the inner insertion tube; 902, the concentric inner tube; 903, the compression spring; 904, the spring abutment ring; 905, the sliding top rod; 906, the pointer; 907, the fixed ear plate; 908, the inner sliding rod; 909, the marking pen; 9010, the positioning groove; 9011, the wire fixing block; 10, the tensioning cap; 1001, the monitoring power cord; 11, the spherical shell monitoring cap; 1101, the cut-off hole; 1102, the strip-shaped hole; 12, the steel wire; 13, the second tensioning plate seat; 14, the sector-shaped indicating plate; 15, the first permanent magnet; 16, the driving mechanism; 161, the bearing plate; 162, the groove-shaped slide rail; 163, the rectangular supporting block; 164, the vertical rod; 165, the second permanent magnet; 166, the L-shaped clamping rail; 167, the positioning nut; 168, the pressing plate strip; 169, the U-shaped notch; 17, the spirit level. Specific implementation mode

[0019] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0020] In this embodiment, with reference to Figures 1-8, a bridge pier settlement deformation monitoring device, including a first fixing plate 1 fixed near the top on the side of the measured pier, and a first tensioning plate seat 5 and a second tensioning plate seat 13 fixed near the top on the same side of the previous and the next piers of the measured pier. Above the first fixing plate 1, i.e., in the middle of the first tensioning plate seat 5 and the second tensioning plate seat 13, the same indicating mechanism is fixed. The indicating mechanism includes a spherical shell monitoring cap 11 with an opening downward. Below the spherical shell monitoring cap 11, two L-shaped fixing frames 8 extending towards the center of the spherical shell are fixed. Between the bottom ends of the two L-shaped fixing frames 8, the same annular ball sleeve 3 is fixed. A steering ball 2 is rotatably connected in the middle of the annular ball sleeve 3. The steering ball 2 is concentric with the spherical shell monitoring cap 11. A vertically through-hole passing through the center of the ball is opened at the top of the steering ball 2, and a monitoring rod 9 is inserted in the through-hole; the monitoring rod 9 includes an inner insertion tube 901 inserted in the steering ball 2. At the bottom end of the inner insertion tube 901, a concentric inner tube 902 is fixed. At the bottom end of the concentric inner tube 902, a compression spring 903 is sleeved and fixed. At the bottom end of the compression spring 903, a first permanent magnet 15 is fixed. On the front surface of the first fixing plate 1, a driving mechanism 16 is fixed. The driving mechanism 16 includes a bearing plate 161 fixed on the surface of the first fixing plate 1. At the top of the bearing plate 161, a vertical rod 164 whose position can be adjusted vertically is provided. At the top of the vertical rod 164, a second permanent magnet 165 attracted to the lower surface of the first permanent magnet 15 is fixed; at the top of the first permanent magnet 15, an inner sliding rod 908 passing through the concentric inner tube 902 is fixed; by setting the first tensioning plate seat 5 and the second tensioning plate seat 13 at the front and back of the pier to be measured, during monitoring, it can be ensured that the monitoring rod 9 in the indicating mechanism and the vertical rod 164 are relatively separated. Once the middle measured pier settles, the compression spring 903 will be stretched and the inner sliding rod 908 will have an axial sliding. At this time, by observing the sliding amount of the inner sliding rod 908, it can be obtained whether the measured pier has settled and the settlement amplitude.

[0021] Referring to Figures 1-2 and Figure 7 , on the opposite sides of the first tensioning plate seat 5 and the second tensioning plate seat 13, two hexagon holes with the same height and equal spacing are respectively opened. Four groups of opposing nuts 4 are embedded in the four hexagon holes. In each group of opposing nuts 4, a threaded column 401 is screwed. At the end of the threaded column 401 close to the spherical shell monitoring cap 11, a pre-tightening tension spring 6 is fixed. At the end of the pre-tightening tension spring 6 close to the spherical shell monitoring cap 11, a steel wire 12 is fixed; on both sides of the spherical shell monitoring cap 11, symmetric strip holes 1102 are respectively opened. A connecting column 7 is inserted in each of the two strip holes 1102. At the end of each connecting column 7 away from the monitoring rod 9, two symmetric welding holes for fixing the steel wire 12 are opened. The four steel wires 12 are in the same plane and two of them are on the same straight line; by setting like this, it can be ensured that all the steel wires 12 are in a taut state, and then the spherical shell monitoring cap 11 fixed in the middle is kept in a horizontal state. When settlement occurs, that is, when the spherical shell monitoring cap 11 generates a pulling force from the bottom end, the overall sagging amplitude is minimized.

[0022] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5 , an embedding groove is formed on the upper surface of one of the connecting columns 7, and a spirit level 17 is clamped in the embedding groove. The state of the spirit level 17 can be observed to monitor whether the four steel wires 12 are on the same horizontal plane, and then by screwing the threaded column 401, all the steel wires 12 can be kept on the same horizontal plane.

[0023] Refer to Figures 5-6 , a connecting block is fixed at the top end of the inner sliding rod 908, and a rack bar extending vertically downward is fixed on the lower surface of the end of the connecting block away from the inner sliding rod 908; symmetrically fixed on both sides of the outer wall of the steering ball 2 near the rack bar are two mutually symmetric fixed ear plates 907, and a same pinion is rotatably connected between the two fixed ear plates 907. The pinion meshes with the rack bar, and a pointer 906 is arranged on the side of the pinion away from the rack bar. The center line of the pointer 906 passes through the center of the pinion; a sector indicating plate 14 is fixed on the lower surface of the fixed ear plate 907 near the rear side; angle scales are arranged on the arc edge of the sector indicating plate 14; through the arranged pinion and rack bar, combined with the arrangement of the pointer 906, the sliding amplitude of the inner sliding rod 908 can be amplified into the swing amplitude of the pointer 906, and the weak settlement is amplified and displayed, thus improving the observation effect.

[0024] In this solution, the end of the L-shaped fixing frame 8 away from the annular ball sleeve 3 is respectively fixed on the lower surfaces of the two connecting columns 7, and a plurality of ball bearings are embedded in the circumferential inner wall of the annular ball sleeve 3 to reduce the frictional resistance when the steering ball 2 rotates.

[0025] Refer to Figures 2-3 , the driving mechanism 16 further includes a strip-shaped convex block 101 vertically arranged in the middle on the front surface of the first fixing plate 1, and hexagonal counterbores 102 are respectively formed on the surface of the strip-shaped convex block 101 near the upper and lower ends. Self-locking screw holes are formed at the bottoms of the two hexagonal counterbores 102; a U-shaped notch 169 is formed in the middle of the bottom end of the bearing plate 161, and the width of the U-shaped notch 169 is greater than the width of the strip-shaped convex block 101, and the thickness of the bearing plate 161 is greater than the thickness of the strip-shaped convex block 101; pressing plate strips 168 for pressing the bearing plate 161 on the surface of the first fixing plate 1 are screwed and fixed at the two self-locking screw holes; a groove-shaped slide rail 162 with an upward opening and horizontally extending forward is fixed near the top end of the front surface of the bearing plate 161, and a rectangular support block 163 is slidably connected in the chute of the groove-shaped slide rail 162; the bottom end of the vertical rod 164 is welded on the upper surface of the rectangular support block 163; when the first fixing plate 1 is fixed a bit obliquely during use, the overall bearing plate 161 can still be swing-adjusted and the rectangular support block 163 can be slid back and forth to adjust the vertical rod 164 to ensure that the vertical rod 164 is finally vertically located directly below the annular ball sleeve 3.

[0026] Reference Figure 3 , a longitudinal sliding hole is formed in the bottom of the groove of the groove-shaped sliding rail 162, and symmetrically arranged L-shaped clamping rails 166 are respectively fixed on both sides of the longitudinal sliding hole on the lower surface of the groove-shaped sliding rail 162. The same positioning nut 167 is slidably connected between the two L-shaped clamping rails 166. An internal hexagonal bolt is screwed in the middle of the positioning nut 167 for positioning the rectangular support block 163.

[0027] Reference Figures 5-6 、 Figure 8 , a spring abutting ring 904 is fixed near the upper middle of the inner circumferential wall of the inner insertion tube 901, and a return spring is fixed at the top of the spring abutting ring 904. The top of the return spring is fixed with a sliding ejector rod 905, and a marking pen 909 is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding ejector rod 905 by insertion; and a pull rod extending downward and passing through the spring abutting ring 904 is fixed at the bottom of the sliding ejector rod 905, and a magnet block is fixed at the bottom of the pull rod; an electromagnet is fixed on the inner circumferential wall of the inner insertion tube 901 below the magnet block. When the electromagnet is energized, the sliding ejector rod 905 and the marking pen 909 at its top are pulled down so that the tip of the marking pen 909 does not contact the inner wall of the spherical shell monitoring cap 11; it only contacts when the bridge pier is skewed, protecting the tip of the marking pen 909 and ensuring that the inner wall of the spherical shell monitoring cap 11 is clean at ordinary times. Once a mark is drawn, it is convenient for comparison and observation. A cut-off hole 1101 is formed at the top of the spherical shell monitoring cap 11, and a tensioning cap 10 is fixed above the cut-off hole 1101. A wire fixing block 9011 is fixed near the top of the side surface of the sliding ejector rod 905. A monitoring power cord 1001 for supplying power to the electromagnet is fixed between the tensioning cap 10 and the wire fixing block 9011; through such a setting, once the bridge pier to be measured generates a horizontal displacement or is skewed to one side, it will cause the top of the monitoring rod 9 to swing, and then pull the monitoring power cord 1001. At this time, with the setting of the cut-off hole 1101, the thin monitoring power cord 1001 will be quickly cut off. At this time, the electromagnet loses power, and the marking pen 909 is pushed upward, and then a track is drawn on the inner wall of the spherical shell monitoring cap 11. After that, the displacement direction of the bridge pier can be judged according to the track.

[0028] Reference Figure 8 , a vertical positioning groove 9010 is formed near the top of the outer circumferential wall of the sliding ejector rod 905 for fixing the wire fixing block 9011 on the outer wall of the sliding ejector rod 905 and making the monitoring power cord 1001 passing through the cut-off hole 1101 in a tensioned state; A double fixing hole is reserved at the top of the wire fixing block 9011, and a wide-head positioning screw is reserved near the bottom of the surface of the wire fixing block 9011; the tensioned monitoring power cord 1001 can be clamped.

[0029] Working principle: When installing this device, first fix the tension plate seat one 5 and the tension plate seat two 13 on the same side of the previous and the next piers in front of the pier to be measured. Then fix the fixing plate one 1 between them to ensure that the three are in the same plane. After that, adjust the states of the four steel wires 12 to ensure that the four steel wires are taut and in a horizontal state; immediately fix the bearing plate 161 on the active mechanism 16 on the surface of the fixing plate one 1; and adjust the vertical rod 164 to finally be vertically located directly below the annular ball sleeve 3; at this time, the permanent magnet two 165 at the top of the vertical rod 164 and the permanent magnet one 15 complete adsorption, and the overall monitoring rod 9 is also in a vertical state; fix the part of the monitoring power cord 1001 protruding from the wire fixing block 9011 upward through the cutting hole 1101 in the tension cap 10 and be in a taut state; at this time, real-time monitoring can be carried out; once the pier to be measured in the middle undergoes settlement, it will cause the compression spring 903 to be stretched and the inner sliding rod 908 to have an axial sliding. Through the set small gear and rack bar, combined with the setting of the pointer 906, the sliding amplitude of the inner sliding rod 908 is amplified into the swing amplitude of the pointer 906 to display the weak settlement after amplification; Once the pier to be measured has a horizontal displacement or tilts to one side, it will cause the top of the monitoring rod 9 to swing, and then pull the monitoring power cord 1001. At this time, combined with the setting of the cutting hole 1101, the thin monitoring power cord 1001 will be quickly cut off. At this time, the electromagnet loses power, and the marker pen 909 is pushed upward, and then draws a track on the inner wall of the spherical shell monitoring cap 11. After that, the displacement direction of the pier can be judged according to the track.

[0030] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes an equivalent substitution or change, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge pier settlement deformation monitoring device, comprising a fixing plate 1 (1) fixed to the side of the pier to be measured near the top, and a tensioning plate seat 1 (5) and a tensioning plate seat 2 (13) fixed to the same side of the pier before and after the pier to be measured near the top, characterized in that: The same indicating mechanism is fixed between the tension plate seat 1 (5) and the tension plate seat 2 (13), and the indicating mechanism comprises a spherical shell monitoring cap (11) with an opening downward, two L-shaped fixing frames (8) extending toward the center of the spherical shell monitoring cap (11) are fixed below the spherical shell monitoring cap (11), and the same annular ball sleeve (3) is fixed between the bottom ends of the two L-shaped fixing frames (8), and a steering ball (2) is rotatably connected in the middle of the annular ball sleeve (3), and a through hole vertically passing through the center of the spherical shell is opened at the top of the steering ball (2), and a monitoring rod (9) is inserted into the through hole; the monitoring rod (9) comprises an inner insert tube (901) inserted into the steering ball (2), and a concentric inner insert tube (901) is fixed at the bottom end of the inner insert tube (901) The concentric inner tube (902) is provided with a compression spring (903) sleeved and fixed at the bottom end of the concentric inner tube (902), and a permanent magnet (15) is fixed at the bottom end of the compression spring (903); an active mechanism (16) is fixed on the front face of the fixed plate (1), and the active mechanism (16) comprises a bearing plate (161) fixed on the surface of the fixed plate (1); a vertical rod (164) whose position can be adjusted vertically is arranged at the top end of the bearing plate (161), and a permanent magnet (165) (165) (165) (165) (165) is fixed at the top end of the vertical rod (164) and is attracted to the lower surface of the permanent magnet (15); an inner sliding rod (908) (165) (165) passing through the concentric inner tube (902) is fixed at the top end of the permanent magnet (15).

2. A bridge pier settlement deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two hexagonal holes of equal height and equal spacing are respectively formed on the opposite sides of the tension plate seat 1 (5) and the tension plate seat 2 (13), and four groups of opposite nuts (4) are embedded in the four hexagonal holes, each group of opposite nuts (4) is screwed with a threaded column (401), and a pre-tensioning spring (6) is fixed to one end of the threaded column (401) close to the spherical shell monitoring cap (11), and a steel wire (12) is fixed to one end of the pre-tensioning spring (6) close to the spherical shell monitoring cap (11); symmetrical strip holes (1102) are respectively formed on both sides of the spherical shell monitoring cap (11), and connecting columns (7) are inserted into the two strip holes (1102), and two symmetrical welding holes for fixing the steel wires (12) are formed on one end of each connecting column (7) away from the monitoring rod (9), and the four steel wires (12) are on the same plane and two of them are on the same straight line.

3. A bridge pier settlement deformation monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A groove is formed on the upper surface of one of the connecting columns (7), and a level (17) is clamped in the groove.

4. A bridge pier settlement deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting block is fixed to the top of the inner slide bar (908), and a rack rod extending vertically downward is fixed to the lower surface of one end of the connecting block away from the inner slide bar (908); fixed ear plates (907) symmetrical to each other are fixed to the outer wall of the steering ball (2) on both sides close to the rack rod, and a same pinion is rotatably connected between the two fixed ear plates (907), the pinion and the rack rod are meshed with each other, a pointer (906) is provided on the side of the pinion away from the rack rod, and the center line of the pointer (906) passes through the center of the pinion; a fan-shaped indicator plate (14) is fixed to the lower surface of the fixed ear plate (907) close to the rear side; an angle scale is provided at the arc edge of the fan-shaped indicator plate (14).

5. The bridge pier settlement deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the L-shaped fixing frame (8) away from the annular ball sleeve (3) is fixed to the lower surfaces of the two connecting pillars (7), and a plurality of balls are embedded in the circumferential inner wall of the annular ball sleeve (3).

6. The device for monitoring the settlement and deformation of a bridge pier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active mechanism (16) further comprises a strip-shaped protrusion (101) which is reserved on the front side of the fixing plate (1) and is arranged vertically in the middle. The surface of the strip-shaped protrusion (101) is provided with hexagonal recessed grooves (102) near the upper and lower ends. The bottoms of the two hexagonal recessed grooves (102) are provided with self-locking screw holes. A U-shaped notch (169) is provided in the middle of the bottom end of the bearing plate (161). The width of the U-shaped notch (169) is greater than the width of the strip-shaped protrusion (101). The thickness of the bearing plate (161) is The thickness of the strip-shaped protrusion (101) is greater than that of the strip-shaped protrusion (101); a pressing strip (168) for pressing the bearing plate (161) against the surface of the fixing plate (1) is screwed and fixed at the two self-locking screw holes; a groove-shaped slide rail (162) with an opening facing upward and extending horizontally toward the front is fixed to the front of the bearing plate (161) near the top, and a rectangular support block (163) is slidably connected in the slide groove of the groove-shaped slide rail (162), and the bottom end of the vertical rod (164) is welded to the upper surface of the rectangular support block (163).

7. A bridge pier settlement deformation monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A longitudinal sliding hole is formed at the bottom of the groove-shaped slide rail (162), and mutually symmetrical L-shaped clamping rails (166) are fixed on both sides of the lower surface of the groove-shaped slide rail (162), and a same positioning nut (167) is slidably connected between the two L-shaped clamping rails (166), and a hexagon socket bolt is screwed in the middle of the positioning nut (167).

8. The device for monitoring the settlement and deformation of a bridge pier according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spring ring (904) is fixed to the inner wall of the inner tube (901) near the middle and upper part, and a return spring is fixed to the top of the spring ring (904), and a sliding push rod (905) is fixed to the top of the return spring, and a marking pen (909) is fixed to the top of the sliding push rod (905); a pull rod extending downward and passing through the spring ring (904) is fixed to the bottom of the sliding push rod (905), and a magnet block is fixed to the bottom of the pull rod; an electromagnet is fixed to the inner wall of the inner tube (901) below the magnet block, and the electromagnet When power is turned on, the sliding top rod (905) and the marking pen (909) at the top thereof are pulled down so that the tip of the marking pen (909) does not contact the inner wall of the spherical shell monitoring cap (11); a cut-off hole (1101) is opened at the top of the spherical shell monitoring cap (11), and a tensioning cap (10) is fixed above the cut-off hole (1101); a wire fixing block (9011) is fixed on the side of the sliding top rod (905) near the top, and a monitoring power line (1001) for supplying power to the electromagnet is fixed between the tensioning cap (10) and the wire fixing block (9011).

9. A bridge pier settlement deformation monitoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A vertical positioning groove (9010) is formed on the circumferential outer wall of the sliding top rod (905) near the top end.

10. A bridge pier settlement deformation monitoring device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The top of the wire fixing block (9011) is provided with double fixing holes, and the surface of the wire fixing block (9011) is provided with wide-head positioning screws near the bottom.

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