Visual quality inspection device based on brake ring of electric moped

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of product quality detection, and particularly relates to a visual quality inspection device based on an electric moped brake ring. The technology comprises a workpiece conveying mechanism, a workpiece centering mechanism, a first image collecting mechanism, a second image collecting mechanism and a control mechanism, and the workpiece centering mechanism is arranged on the feeding side of the workpiece conveying mechanism and used for conducting centering operation on a brake ring workpiece on the workpiece conveying mechanism; the first image acquisition mechanism is used for acquiring a first surface image of the brake ring workpiece at the quality inspection position; the second image acquisition mechanism is used for acquiring a second surface image of the brake ring workpiece at the quality inspection position; the control mechanism is used for detecting the quality of the brake ring according to the collected first surface image and the second surface image. The brake ring is comprehensively scanned from multiple angles, the problems of surface defects, cracks, geometric dimension deviation and the like can be accurately captured, the detection precision is high, and missing detection and false detection are effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of product quality inspection, and particularly relates to a visual quality inspection device based on an electric scooter brake ring. Background Art

[0002] During the manufacturing process of electric vehicles, the brake ring, as a key safety component, directly affects the braking performance and use safety of the entire vehicle. To ensure that electric vehicles have a reliable braking system when delivered to users, production enterprises need to conduct strict quality inspections on the brake rings. Traditional brake ring quality inspections mainly rely on manual visual inspection and simple mechanical inspection methods. In terms of size inspection, the die-cast brake ring is put on cylinders of different sizes to determine whether it is the required size.

[0003] However, in the context of intelligent manufacturing and Industry 4.0, the labor cost of enterprises has increased rapidly. The existing technology relies on a large number of manual inspections, which has the following defects:

[0004] 1. Manual inspection usually requires checking each brake ring one by one. During large-scale production, the speed is slow and cannot meet the requirements of efficient assembly line operations.

[0005] 2. Manual inspection depends on the vision and experience of inspectors and is easily affected by factors such as fatigue and inattention, resulting in missed inspections or misinspections. For example, tiny cracks, uneven surfaces and other small defects may be overlooked.

[0006] 3. The consistency of manual inspection is poor. The judgment criteria may vary among different inspectors, and even for the same inspector, the judgments at different times will also be different, resulting in fluctuations in inspection results. Such human factors will affect the standardization and consistency of inspections.

[0007] 4. Manual inspection is difficult to record and trace. Manual inspection usually records simply as qualified or unqualified, and it is often difficult to record in detail the detailed information of defects (such as specific location, defect type), which brings inconvenience to subsequent quality traceability and problem analysis.

[0008] These above-mentioned disadvantages have gradually exposed the limitations of manual inspection in modern and automated production environments. Therefore, more and more enterprises are beginning to seek automated and intelligent inspection means to improve production efficiency and inspection quality. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The objective of the present invention is to provide a visual quality inspection device based on an electric scooter brake ring. By using a high-resolution camera and intelligent image processing algorithms, it can automatically identify subtle defects on the surface of the brake ring, thereby improving the detection accuracy and efficiency of the brake ring, reducing labor costs, enhancing the consistency and standardization of detection, and ensuring the product qualification rate.

[0010] The visual quality inspection device based on the electric scooter brake ring includes a workpiece conveying mechanism, and also includes a workpiece centering mechanism, a first image acquisition mechanism, a second image acquisition mechanism, and a control mechanism, where:

[0011] The workpiece centering mechanism is arranged on the feeding side of the workpiece conveying mechanism and is used for centering the brake ring workpiece on the workpiece conveying mechanism.

[0012] The first image acquisition mechanism is used to acquire the first surface image of the brake ring workpiece located at the quality inspection position.

[0013] The second image acquisition mechanism is used to acquire the second surface image of the brake ring workpiece located at the quality inspection position.

[0014] The control mechanism is used to implement the quality inspection of the brake ring according to the acquired first surface image and second surface image.

[0015] When this device conducts quality inspection, the brake ring workpiece input into the workpiece conveying mechanism is centered by the workpiece centering mechanism to ensure that the workpiece can pass through the quality inspection position under the conveyance of the workpiece conveying mechanism, so as to accurately acquire the surface image. When the brake ring workpiece reaches the quality inspection position, the first image acquisition mechanism and the second image acquisition mechanism conduct a comprehensive scan of the surface of the brake ring, and the control mechanism realizes the rapid quality inspection of the diameter of the brake ring and the defects of the inner ring according to the acquired surface image. It can be seen that by acquiring the inner and outer surface images of the workpiece, this device can effectively capture problems such as surface defects, cracks, and geometric dimension deviations, ensuring higher detection accuracy, effectively avoiding missed inspections and misjudgments, improving the detection efficiency, reducing the dependence on manual inspection, reducing labor costs, and at the same time avoiding detection errors caused by human factors, improving the stability and reliability of the detection process. In addition, based on this device, the production process of the brake ring can be monitored in real time, production anomalies and quality problems can be quickly identified, so as to immediately adjust the production process, reduce the defective rate, and improve the production efficiency; at the same time, through this device, real-time data feedback can be carried out, and production enterprises can quickly identify and solve problems in production, shorten the product development and iteration cycle, improve the market response speed, and enhance the competitive advantage.

[0016] Further, the workpiece centering mechanism includes two mounting blocks and two guiding blocks. The two mounting blocks are symmetrically fixed at both ends of the feeding side of the workpiece conveying mechanism. The guiding blocks are detachably fixed on the mounting blocks on both sides. The distance between the two guiding blocks gradually decreases from the feeding side inward, and the central axis between the two guiding blocks is collinear with the center point of the quality inspection position.

[0017] Through the design that the distance between the two guiding blocks gradually decreases from the feeding side inward and the central axis between the two guiding blocks is collinear with the center point of the quality inspection position, the position of the workpiece is centered under the drive of the workpiece conveying mechanism, ensuring that the workpiece can pass through the quality inspection position, and ensuring that the device can obtain the inner and outer surface images of the brake ring workpiece and complete the quality inspection.

[0018] Further, a centering fixing groove is formed in the guiding block along its length direction. A centering adjusting bolt is inserted into the centering fixing groove, and the lower end of the centering adjusting bolt is threadedly connected to the mounting block.

[0019] Based on the above design, the position and inclination angle between the two guiding blocks can be adjusted according to the size of the brake ring workpiece, so that the distance between the two guiding blocks is adapted to the size of the brake ring workpiece, enabling the device to adapt to the quality inspection of brake ring workpieces of different specifications and effectively enhancing the adaptability of the device.

[0020] Further, the first image acquisition mechanism includes a first bracket, a second bracket, a third bracket, and a fourth bracket that are fixed on the workpiece conveying mechanism and can be displaced. A first camera is rotatably provided on the first bracket, a second camera is rotatably provided on the second bracket, a third camera is rotatably provided on the third bracket, and a fourth camera is rotatably provided on the fourth bracket. The first camera, the second camera, the third camera, and the fourth camera are symmetrically distributed.

[0021] The device performs image acquisition through the multi-camera fusion of the first camera, the second camera, the third camera, and the fourth camera, and can comprehensively scan the inner side surface of the brake ring from multiple angles, effectively capturing command problems such as surface defects, cracks, and geometric dimension deviations.

[0022] Further, the second image acquisition mechanism includes a base, a support column, a first mounting component, and a fine-tuning component. The base supports on the ground, and the lower end of the support column is detachably connected to the base. The first mounting component is movably provided on the upper part of the support column and its height position is adjustable. The first mounting component is connected to a connecting frame through the fine-tuning component. A fifth camera is installed on the connecting frame. A fine-tuning knob is also provided on the first mounting component and is matched with the fine-tuning component. The fine-tuning knob can drive the fine-tuning component to drive the connecting frame and the fifth camera to move up and down integrally.

[0023] Based on the above structure, the second image acquisition mechanism in this device will have a two-stage lifting and adjustment function, that is, a height coarse adjustment structure composed of a support column and a first mounting component, and a height fine adjustment structure composed of a fine adjustment knob and a fine adjustment component. During adjustment, first, the height of the fifth camera is coarsely adjusted through the height coarse adjustment structure, and then the height of the fifth camera is finely adjusted through the height fine adjustment structure. Thus, through the two-stage coarse and fine adjustment of the height of the fifth camera, the image range collected by the fifth camera can be adjusted and controlled to ensure that all features on the surface of the brake ring are included in the image collected by the fifth camera, thereby ensuring the accuracy of quality inspection based on the surface image and effectively avoiding missed inspections and false inspections. At the same time, through the above two-stage adjustment method, not only can the device be adapted to the quality inspection of brake ring workpieces of different specifications by adjusting the height position, but also the adjustment efficiency can be effectively improved.

[0024] Further, the first mounting component includes an upper mounting seat and a second adjustment knob. The upper mounting seat is sleeved on the support column, and the second adjustment knob is threadedly connected to the upper mounting seat for locking the relative position of the upper mounting seat and the support column.

[0025] By tightening or loosening the second adjustment knob, the locking or loosening between the upper mounting seat and the support column can be achieved. Therefore, the height position of the upper mounting seat on the support column can be adjusted after loosening the second adjustment knob as needed, and the position of the adjusted upper mounting seat can be locked by tightening the second adjustment knob after adjustment. Based on the above structure, the height coarse adjustment of the second image acquisition mechanism can be conveniently achieved, and the adjustment efficiency can be improved.

[0026] Further, a second mounting component is also movably arranged on the support column. The second mounting component is located below the first mounting component and its height position is adjustable. A supplementary light is arranged on the second mounting component. A through hole is formed in the center of the supplementary light, and the fifth camera is located above the center of the through hole.

[0027] The supplementary light arranged through the second mounting component with adjustable height position can supplement light for the fifth camera, which can not only ensure that the image collected by the fifth camera will not cause the inability to collect the entire range of the surface of the brake ring workpiece due to light reasons, but also avoid phenomena such as image distortion or feature loss caused by light reasons, which helps to ensure the reliability of the quality inspection results.

[0028] Further, the second installation component includes a lower locking bolt, a lower mounting base, a first adjustment knob, a mounting plate, and a mounting beam. The lower mounting base is sleeved on the support column. The lower locking bolt is threadedly connected to the lower mounting base, and the lower locking bolt is used to lock the relative position of the lower mounting base and the support column. Two horizontally arranged support crossbars are independently passed through the lower mounting base. One ends of the two support crossbars close to the workpiece conveying mechanism are connected to the mounting plate. Two mounting beams are connected to one side of the mounting plate close to the workpiece conveying mechanism. Mounting grooves are provided on the mounting beams along their length directions. Fastening screws are arranged in both of the two mounting grooves. The supplementary light is fixedly connected to the fastening screws. A first adjustment knob for locking the relative position between the lower mounting base and the support crossbar is further provided on the lower mounting base.

[0029] Based on the second installation component with the above structure, the supplementary light can not only be adjusted in the vertical position under the cooperation of the lower locking bolt and the lower mounting base, but also be adjusted in the horizontal position under the cooperation of the first adjustment knob and the support crossbar. In addition, the installation position of the supplementary light can also be adjusted through the cooperation of the fastening bolt and the mounting groove. Therefore, through the above three adjustment methods, the position of the supplementary light can be adjusted in multiple degrees of freedom and multiple directions, further ensuring that the supplementary light can reliably supplement light for the fifth camera. Furthermore, it can not only ensure that the images collected by the fifth camera will not be unable to collect the entire range of the inner surface of the brake ring workpiece due to light reasons, but also avoid phenomena such as image distortion or feature loss caused by light reasons, which helps to ensure the reliability of the quality inspection results. In addition, the distance between the two mounting beams is adjustable, and it can also be applicable to the installation and fixation of supplementary lights of different sizes, so that the fifth camera can accurately and reliably collect images of brake rings of different specifications.

[0030] Further, a blanking mechanism is provided on the discharge side of the workpiece conveying mechanism. The blanking mechanism includes a driving component and a hopper arranged on the driving component. The hopper has at least two storage bins. The control end of the driving component is connected to the control signal output end of the control mechanism. The driving component can drive the hopper to reciprocate under the control of the control mechanism so that any one of the storage bins is located at the discharge port of the workpiece conveying mechanism.

[0031] The above blanking mechanism of the present device can blank and collect the brake ring workpieces that have completed quality inspection. At the same time, it can also classify and collect them according to the quality inspection results and store them in different storage bins, so as to store the workpieces separately as qualified and unqualified according to the inspection results, saving the cost and time of manual sorting, and realizing the integration of machine quality inspection and sorting; and it is beneficial to combine the unqualified products with the subsequent recycling and reuse system to promote green production.

[0032] Further, the device further includes an alarm mechanism, a first sensor, and a second sensor fixed on the workpiece conveying mechanism. The alarm mechanism is used for alarm indication of the brake ring quality inspection result; the first sensor and the second sensor are used for detecting the position of the brake ring workpiece on the workpiece conveying mechanism. The installation position of the first sensor is adapted to the quality inspection position, and the second sensor is arranged on the discharge side of the workpiece conveying mechanism. The signal output ends of the first sensor and the second sensor are connected to the signal input end of the control mechanism, and the signal output end of the control mechanism is connected to the signal input end of the alarm mechanism.

[0033] This device detects the position of the brake ring workpiece through the first sensor and the second sensor, so that the control mechanism can control the first image acquisition mechanism and the second image acquisition mechanism to perform image acquisition on the workpiece according to the signal detected by the first sensor to complete quality inspection. The control mechanism also controls the blanking mechanism according to the signal detected by the second sensor to realize the classified blanking of the workpiece. At the same time, the alarm mechanism is also used for alarm indication of the brake ring quality inspection result, so that the operator can clearly know the quality inspection result.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. This device can comprehensively scan the brake ring from multiple angles through multi-camera fusion, capture problems such as surface defects, cracks, and geometric dimension deviations, ensure higher detection accuracy, and effectively avoid missed inspections and misjudgments.

[0036] 2. Through this device, the production process of the brake ring can be monitored in real time, production abnormalities and quality problems can be quickly identified, so as to immediately adjust the production process, reduce the defective rate, and improve production efficiency.

[0037] 3. This device realizes automated quality inspection, reduces the dependence on manual inspection, reduces labor costs, and at the same time avoids detection errors caused by human factors, improving the stability and reliability of the inspection process.

[0038] 4. Through this device, data feedback can be carried out in real time. Production enterprises can quickly identify and solve problems in production, shorten the product development and iteration cycle, improve the market response speed, and enhance the competitive advantage.

[0039] 5. As an important component for the safety of electric vehicles, through strict quality inspection by the multi-camera fusion algorithm, the performance and reliability of the brake ring can be ensured, enhancing the user's sense of security and reducing the safety hazards caused by brake failures.

[0040] 6. This device can meet the requirements of Industry 4.0, improve the quality inspection efficiency and reduce the proportion of unqualified products, which helps to reduce resource waste. At the same time, it can be combined with subsequent recycling and reuse systems to promote green production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of one perspective of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 Schematic structural diagram of another perspective of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 Front view of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 Top view of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 Right view of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 Schematic structural diagram of the present invention after removing the second image acquisition mechanism, alarm mechanism and blanking mechanism;

[0047] Figure 7 For Figure 6 Schematic structural diagram of another perspective;

[0048] Figure 8 Top view of the present invention after removing the second image acquisition mechanism, alarm mechanism and blanking mechanism;

[0049] Figure 9 For Figure 8 Partial enlarged schematic diagram of A in

[0050] Figure 10 Schematic structural diagram of one perspective of the second image acquisition mechanism;

[0051] Figure 11 Schematic structural diagram of another perspective of the second image acquisition mechanism;

[0052] Figure 12 Top view of the second image acquisition mechanism;

[0053] Figure 13 Schematic structural diagram of the blanking mechanism;

[0054] Figure 14 Stereogram of the blanking mechanism;

[0055] Figure 15 Flowchart for workpiece defect detection of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 16Flow chart of stitching and fusing four pictures into one rectangular picture according to the present invention;

[0057] Figure 17 Flow chart of workpiece diameter detection according to the present invention.

[0058] Names of each component in the figure: 1. Workpiece conveying mechanism; 2. Workpiece centering mechanism; 201. Mounting block; 202. Guide block; 203. Centering fixing groove; 204. Centering adjusting bolt; 3. First image acquisition mechanism; 301. First support; 302. Second support; 303. Third support; 304. Fourth support; 305. First camera; 306. Second camera; 307. Third camera; 308. Fourth camera; 4. Second image acquisition mechanism; 401. Base; 402. Support column; 403. Fill light; 404. Mounting beam; 405. Mounting groove; 406. Fifth camera; 407. Connecting frame; 408. Fine adjustment knob; 409. Upper mounting seat; 4010. Support cross bar; 4011. Lower locking bolt; 4012. Lower mounting seat; 4013. First adjustment knob; 4014. Mounting plate; 4015. Second adjustment knob; 4016. Fine adjustment assembly; 5. Alarm mechanism; 6. Unloading mechanism; 601. Unloading seat; 602. Motor mounting plate; 603. Driving motor; 604. Lead screw mounting block; 605. Lead screw; 606. Coupling; 607. Lead screw slide; 608. Hopper; 609. Slide rail; 6010. Slide block; 6011. Support plate; 7. Control mechanism; 8. First sensor; 9. Second sensor. Detailed implementation manners

[0059] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings through specific embodiments, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0060] As Figures 1 - 14 shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vision quality inspection device based on an electric scooter brake ring, including a workpiece conveying mechanism 1, a workpiece centering mechanism 2, a first image acquisition mechanism 3, a second image acquisition mechanism 4, an alarm mechanism 5, an unloading mechanism 6, a control mechanism 7, a first sensor 8, and a second sensor 9, wherein:

[0061] The workpiece conveying mechanism 1 is used to convey the back-side brake ring workpieces, and its conveying rate is adjustable;

[0062] The workpiece centering mechanism 2 is arranged on the feeding side of the workpiece conveying mechanism 1 and is used to perform centering operations on the brake ring workpieces on the workpiece conveying mechanism 1;

[0063] The first image acquisition mechanism 3 is used to acquire the first surface image of the brake ring workpiece located at the quality inspection position;

[0064] The second image acquisition mechanism 4 is used to acquire the second surface image of the brake ring workpiece located at the quality inspection position;

[0065] The control mechanism 7 is used to automatically detect the workpiece to be measured according to the acquired first surface image and second surface image, calculate the diameter of the workpiece and the type of workpiece defect, and realize the quality inspection of the brake ring;

[0066] The signal input end of the alarm mechanism 5 is connected to the signal output end of the control mechanism 7, and is used to give an alarm indication for the quality inspection result of the brake ring;

[0067] The blanking mechanism 6 is arranged on the discharge side of the workpiece conveying mechanism 1, and is used to realize classified blanking according to the control signal of the control mechanism 7;

[0068] The first sensor 8 and the second sensor 9 are both fixed on the workpiece conveying mechanism 1, and are used to detect the position of the brake ring workpiece on the workpiece conveying mechanism 1 and count the workpieces to be measured. The installation position of the first sensor 8 is adapted to the quality inspection position. The second sensor 9 is arranged on the discharge side of the workpiece conveying mechanism 1. The signal output ends of the first sensor 8 and the second sensor 9 are connected to the signal input end of the control mechanism 7.

[0069] When the device conducts quality inspection, the brake ring workpieces input by the workpiece conveying mechanism 1 are centered by the workpiece centering mechanism 2 to ensure that the workpieces can pass through the quality inspection position under the conveyance of the workpiece conveying mechanism 1, so as to accurately obtain the surface images. When the brake ring workpieces reach the quality inspection position, the surface of the brake ring is comprehensively scanned by the first image acquisition mechanism 3 and the second image acquisition mechanism 4, and the control mechanism 7 uses the built-in algorithm to quickly detect the diameter of the brake ring and the defect quality of the inner ring according to the acquired surface images. The quality inspection results are output by the control mechanism 7 to the alarm mechanism 5 for alarm indication such as light flashing, and finally the control mechanism 7 issues a control signal to control the blanking mechanism 6 to classify and blank according to the quality inspection results. It can be seen that by collecting the inner and outer surface images of the workpieces, this device can effectively capture problems such as surface defects, cracks, and geometric dimension deviations, ensuring higher detection accuracy, effectively avoiding missed inspections and misjudgments, improving the detection efficiency, reducing the dependence on manual inspection, reducing the labor cost, and at the same time avoiding detection errors caused by human factors, improving the stability and reliability of the detection process. In addition, based on this device, the production process of the brake ring can be monitored in real time, production anomalies and quality problems can be quickly identified, so as to immediately adjust the production process, reduce the defective rate, and improve the production efficiency; at the same time, through this device, real-time data feedback can be carried out, and production enterprises can quickly identify and solve problems in production, shorten the product development and iteration cycle, improve the market response speed, and enhance the competitive advantage.

[0070] As Figure 9 shown, the workpiece centering mechanism 2 includes two mounting blocks 201 and two guiding blocks 202. The two mounting blocks 201 are symmetrically fixed at both ends of the feeding side of the workpiece conveying mechanism 1, and the guiding blocks 202 are detachably fixed on the mounting blocks 201 on both sides. The distance between the two guiding blocks 202 gradually decreases from the feeding side inward, and the central axis between the two guiding blocks 202 is collinear with the center point of the quality inspection position.

[0071] In this embodiment, through the design that the distance between the two guiding blocks 202 gradually decreases from the feeding side inward and the central axis between the two guiding blocks 202 is collinear with the center point of the quality inspection position, the position of the workpiece is centered under the drive of the workpiece conveying mechanism 1 to ensure that the workpiece can pass through the quality inspection position, and ensure that this device can obtain the inner and outer surface images of the brake ring workpiece and complete the quality inspection.

[0072] As a preferred implementation manner, a centering fixing groove 203 is formed in the guiding block 202 along its length direction, and a centering adjusting bolt 204 is inserted into the centering fixing groove 203. The lower end of the centering adjusting bolt 204 is threadedly connected to the mounting block 201.

[0073] Through the above design, in this embodiment, the position and inclination angle between the two guiding blocks 202 can be adjusted according to the size of the brake ring workpiece, so that the distance between the two guiding blocks 202 is adapted to the size of the brake ring workpiece, enabling this device to be adapted to the quality inspection of brake ring workpieces of different size specifications and effectively enhancing the adaptability of this device.

[0074] See Appendix Figure 5 - Appendix Figure 8 , the first image acquisition mechanism 3 includes a first bracket 301, a second bracket 302, a third bracket 303, and a fourth bracket 304 that are fixed on the workpiece conveying mechanism 1 and can be displaced. A first camera 305 is rotatably arranged on the first bracket 301, a second camera 306 is rotatably arranged on the second bracket 302, a third camera 307 is rotatably arranged on the third bracket 303, and a fourth camera 308 is rotatably arranged on the fourth bracket 304. The first camera 305, the second camera 306, the third camera 307, and the fourth camera 308 are symmetrically distributed.

[0075] In this embodiment, image acquisition is performed through the multi-camera fusion of the first camera 305, the second camera 306, the third camera 307, and the fourth camera 308, which can comprehensively scan the inner side of the brake ring from multiple angles and effectively capture instruction problems such as surface defects, cracks, and geometric dimension deviations. At the same time, through this layout, the camera angles and positions required for different workpieces to be measured can be adjusted, and the required detection conditions can be flexibly configured through simple operations, reducing the usage threshold.

[0076] As Figure 8 shown, the first bracket 301 and the second bracket 302 are fixed to the front side edge of the workpiece conveying mechanism 1, and the third bracket 303 and the fourth bracket 304 are fixed to the rear side edge of the workpiece conveying mechanism 1, thereby reducing the layout difficulty of the four cameras.

[0077] In the specific implementation process, the structures of the first bracket 301, the second bracket 302, the third bracket 303, and the fourth bracket 304 are generally the same, and the differences lie only in the setting directions and dimensional parameters. Specifically: the four brackets all include a support, a first support rod, a rotating seat, a second support rod, and a camera mounting seat. Among them, the support is fixedly connected to the workpiece conveying mechanism 1. The lower part of the first support rod is rotatably inserted into the support, the upper end of the first support rod is rotatably connected to the rotating seat, one end of the second support rod is rotatably connected to the rotating seat, and the other end is rotatably connected to the camera mounting seat. The first camera 305, the second camera 306, the third camera 307, or the fourth camera 308 is detachably mounted on the camera mounting seat.

[0078] Through the rotational cooperation relationship among the support, the first support rod, the rotating seat, the second support rod, and the camera mounting seat, the camera can be rotated and adjusted with multiple degrees of freedom, thereby adjusting the image ranges collected by the four cameras, ensuring that all features on the surface of the inner circle of the brake ring are included in the images collected by the first camera 305, the second camera 306, the third camera 307, and the fourth camera 308, further ensuring the accuracy of quality inspection based on the inner circle surface image, and effectively avoiding missed inspections and false inspections. In addition, it is also possible to adjust so that the four cameras can reliably collect the inner circle surface images of brake ring workpieces with different specifications, ensuring that this device is suitable for the quality inspection of brake ring workpieces with different specifications.

[0079] See Appendix Figure 10 - Appendix Figure 12 The second image acquisition mechanism 4 includes a base 401, a support column 402, a first mounting component, and a fine adjustment component 4016. The base 401 is supported on the ground, the lower end of the support column 402 is detachably connected to the base 401, the first mounting component is movably arranged on the upper part of the support column 402 and its height position is adjustable, the first mounting component is connected to a connecting frame 407 through the fine adjustment component 4016, a fifth camera 406 is installed on the connecting frame 407, and a fine adjustment knob 408 that cooperates with the fine adjustment component 4016 is also arranged on the first mounting component. By rotating the fine adjustment knob 408, the fine adjustment component 4016 can be driven to drive the connecting frame 407 and the fifth camera 406 to move up and down integrally.

[0080] Based on the above structure, the second image acquisition mechanism 4 in this device will have a two-stage lifting and adjusting function, that is, a height coarse adjustment structure composed of the support column 402 and the first mounting component, and a height fine adjustment structure composed of the fine adjustment knob 408 and the fine adjustment component 4016. During adjustment, first, the height of the fifth camera 406 is coarsely adjusted through the height coarse adjustment structure, and then the height of the fifth camera 406 is finely adjusted through the height fine adjustment structure. Thus, by performing two-stage coarse and fine adjustments on the height of the fifth camera 406, the image range collected by the fifth camera 406 can be adjusted and controlled, ensuring that all features on the surface of the brake ring are included in the image collected by the fifth camera 406, further ensuring the accuracy of quality inspection based on the surface image, and effectively avoiding missed inspections and false inspections. At the same time, through the above two-stage adjustment method, not only can the device be adapted to the quality inspection of brake ring workpieces with different specifications by adjusting the height position, but also the adjustment efficiency can be effectively improved.

[0081] Further, the first mounting assembly includes an upper mounting base 409 and a second adjusting knob 4015. The upper mounting base 409 is sleeved on the support column 402. The second adjusting knob 4015 is threadedly connected to the upper mounting base 409 and is used to lock the relative positions of the upper mounting base 409 and the support column 402.

[0082] In this embodiment, by tightening or loosening the second adjusting knob 4015, the locking or loosening between the upper mounting base 409 and the support column 402 can be achieved. Therefore, the height position of the upper mounting base 409 on the support column 402 can be adjusted after loosening the second adjusting knob 4015 as needed. After adjustment, the second adjusting knob 4015 can be tightened to lock the position of the adjusted upper mounting base 409. Based on the above structure, the coarse adjustment of the height of the second image acquisition mechanism 4 can be conveniently realized, and the adjustment efficiency can be improved.

[0083] Still further, a second mounting assembly is movably provided on the support column 402. The second mounting assembly is located below the first mounting assembly and its height position is adjustable. A supplementary light 403 is provided on the second mounting assembly. A through hole is formed in the center of the supplementary light 403, and the fifth camera 406 is located above the center of the through hole.

[0084] In this embodiment, the supplementary light 403 provided by the second mounting assembly with adjustable height position can supplement light to the fifth camera 406. It can not only ensure that the images collected by the fifth camera 406 will not fail to collect the entire range of the surface of the brake ring workpiece due to light reasons, but also avoid phenomena such as image distortion or feature loss caused by light reasons, which helps to ensure the reliability of the quality inspection results. In this example, the supplementary light 403 uses a blue light source and its brightness is adjustable to adapt to different workpiece surfaces.

[0085] Preferably, the second mounting assembly includes a lower locking bolt 4011, a lower mounting base 4012, a first adjusting knob 4013, a mounting plate 4014, and a mounting beam 404. The lower mounting base 4012 is sleeved on the support column 402. The lower locking bolt 4011 is threadedly connected to the lower mounting base 4012. The lower locking bolt 4011 is used to lock the relative positions of the lower mounting base 4012 and the support column 402. Two horizontally arranged support crossbars 4010 are independently inserted through the lower mounting base 4012. One ends of the two support crossbars 4010 close to the workpiece conveying mechanism 1 are connected to the mounting plate 4014. Two mounting beams 404 are connected to one side of the mounting plate 4014 close to the workpiece conveying mechanism 1. Mounting grooves 405 are formed in the mounting beams 404 along their lengths. Fastening screws are arranged in both of the two mounting grooves 405. The supplementary light 403 is fixedly connected to the fastening screws. A first adjusting knob 4013 for locking the relative positions between the lower mounting base 4012 and the support crossbar 4010 is further arranged on the lower mounting base 4012.

[0086] For the second mounting assembly with the above structure, the supplementary light 403 can not only be adjusted in the vertical position under the cooperation of the lower locking bolt 4011 and the lower mounting base 4012, but also be adjusted in the horizontal position under the cooperation of the first adjusting knob 4013 and the support crossbar 4010. In addition, the mounting position of the supplementary light 403 can also be adjusted through the cooperation of the fastening bolt and the mounting groove 405. Therefore, through the above three adjustment methods, the position of the supplementary light 403 can be adjusted in multiple degrees of freedom and multiple directions, further ensuring that the supplementary light 403 can reliably supplement light to the fifth camera 406. Furthermore, it can not only ensure that the images collected by the fifth camera 406 will not fail to collect the entire range of the surface of the brake ring workpiece due to light reasons, but also avoid phenomena such as image distortion or feature loss caused by light reasons, which helps to ensure the reliability of the quality inspection results. In addition, the distance between the two mounting beams 404 is adjustable, and it can also be applicable to the installation and fixation of supplementary lights 403 of different sizes, so that the fifth camera 406 can accurately and reliably collect images of brake rings of different specifications.

[0087] As Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown in the figure, the blanking mechanism 6 includes a driving assembly and a hopper 608 arranged on the driving assembly. The hopper 608 has at least two storage bins. The control end of the driving assembly is connected to the control signal output end of the control mechanism 7. The driving assembly can drive the hopper 608 to reciprocate under the control of the control mechanism 7 so that any one of the storage bins is located at the discharge port of the workpiece conveying mechanism 1. Among them:

[0088] The driving assembly includes a blanking base 601, a motor mounting plate 602, a driving motor 603, a lead screw mounting block 604, a lead screw 605, a coupling 606, a lead screw slide 607, a hopper 608, and a support plate 6011. The motor mounting plate 602 is fixed to one side of the blanking base 601, and the driving motor 603 is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the motor mounting plate 602. Two lead screw mounting blocks 604 are also fixed on the blanking base 601, and the lead screw 605 is spanned between the two lead screw mounting blocks 604. The output shaft of the driving motor 603 is connected to the lead screw 605 through the coupling 606. A lead screw slide 607 is arranged in a mating manner on the lead screw 605. The top of the lead screw slide 607 is connected to the bottom of the hopper 608 through the support plate 6011. The control end of the driving motor 603 is connected to the control signal output end of the control mechanism 7.

[0089] Based on the above structure, the control mechanism 7 generates a control signal according to the quality inspection result. When the second sensor 9 detects a workpiece, the control mechanism 7 outputs the control signal to the blanking mechanism 6, and the driving motor 603 then performs corresponding actions to drive the hopper 608 to move along the lead screw 605, so as to separately store the workpieces as qualified and unqualified according to the inspection results, saving the cost and time of manual sorting and realizing the integration of machine quality inspection and sorting; and it is beneficial to combine the unqualified products with the subsequent recycling and reuse system to promote green production.

[0090] As Figure 13 shown, in this embodiment, the blanking mechanism 6 further includes a slide rail 609 and a slider 6010. The slide rail 609 is arranged on the upper surface of the blanking base 601 along the direction of the lead screw 605, and the slider 6010 is fixed to the bottom of the coupling 606. The slider 6010 is slidably arranged on the slide rail 609.

[0091] In this embodiment, through the sliding fit of the slider 6010 and the slide rail 609, the stability of the coupling 606 during the sliding process can be improved.

[0092] In order to realize the quality inspection of the brake ring workpieces, this embodiment also proposes a vision quality inspection method based on images, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0093] When the workpiece to be measured is conveyed by the workpiece conveying mechanism 1 and passes through the first sensor 8, the first image acquisition mechanism 3 and the second image acquisition mechanism 4 simultaneously take pictures of the moving workpiece. At this time, the workpiece is within the illumination range of the supplementary light 403, and images of different angles of the workpiece can be obtained;

[0094] The control mechanism 7 performs grasping detection based on four different inner side images collected by the first image acquisition mechanism 3, realizes circular unfolding through code, stitches the images into a complete rectangular picture, then finds the grinding area to be detected for feature matching, and then binarizes the image. Subsequently, defect detection is performed on the binarized image, and the area of the grayscale image is found through BLOB analysis to determine the position of the image. Finally, the quality inspection result is output. The specific steps are as Figure 15 shown:

[0095] In this embodiment, four high-definition pictures of the inner circle of the brake are collected by the first image acquisition mechanism 3. There may be overlapping and intersecting information in the pictures. Therefore, in this embodiment, a fusion algorithm is used to splice and fuse the four pictures into a rectangular picture. The specific method is as Figure 16 shown:

[0096] First, use sift to extract features from two of the pictures:

[0097] sift = cv.SIFT_create(nfeatures = 0, nOctaveLayers = 3, ontrastThreshold = 0.04, edgeThreshold = 10, sigma = 1.6)

[0098] kp1, describe1 = sift.detectAndCompute(img1, None)

[0099] kp2, describe2 = sift.detectAndCompute(img2, None)

[0100] Then, use FLANN for feature point matching:

[0101] FLANN_INDEX_KDTREE = 0

[0102] indexParams = dict(algorithm = FLANN_INDEX_KDTREE, trees = 5)

[0103] searchParams = dict(checks = 50)

[0104] flann = cv.FlannBasedMatcher(indexParams, searchParams)

[0105] match = flann.knnMatch(describe1, describe2, k = 2)

[0106] After that, calculate the homography matrix from image img2 to image img1, with the aim of placing the two images in the same planar coordinate system:

[0107] src_pts = np.float32([kp1[m.queryIdx].pt for min good]).reshape(-1, 1, 2)

[0108] ano_pts = np.float32([kp2[m.trainIdx].pt for min good]).reshape(-1, 1, 2)

[0109] M, mask = cv.findHomography(ano_pts, src_pts, cv.RANSAC, 5.0)

[0110] # Transform img2 to the coordinate system of img1 and place it on a large image

[0111] warpImg = cv.warpPerspective(img2, M, (img1.shape[1] + img2.shape[1], max(img2.shape[0], img1.shape[0])))

[0112] This code calculates the homography matrix M between the feature points ano_pts of image img2 and the feature points src_pts of image img1 based on their correspondence. Then we perform a homography matrix transformation on the right image (perform the transformation on a large image);

[0113] Repeat the above steps sequentially to complete the stitching of 4 images until a complete rectangular image composed of four images that can cover the entire inner surface of the brake ring is obtained.

[0114] While performing defect detection, the control mechanism 7 also performs diameter detection based on the image collected by the second image acquisition mechanism 4. The specific steps are as Figure 17 shown. The control mechanism 7 performs a fast matching of a circular feature on the image source collected by the second image acquisition mechanism 4 to find the circle of the workpiece to be measured. Then, after finding the circle of the workpiece to be measured, calculate the diameter of the workpiece to be measured through an active skin transformation and output the diameter detection result.

[0115] In summary, the principle of visual quality detection of this device is:

[0116] Place the workpiece of the brake ring to be measured at the feeding end of the workpiece conveying mechanism 1. After the position of the workpiece to be measured is centered by the workpiece centering mechanism 2, the workpiece conveying mechanism 1 automatically conveys the workpiece to be measured to the quality inspection position;

[0117] When the first sensor 8 detects that the workpiece to be measured reaches the quality inspection position, the control mechanism 7 controls the first image acquisition mechanism 3 and the second image acquisition mechanism 4 to detect the surface image of the backside workpiece according to the trigger signal of the first sensor 8;

[0118] The control mechanism 7 uses the above visual quality inspection method to detect the diameter of the workpiece and detect the defects of the workpiece according to the images collected by the first image acquisition mechanism 3 and the second image acquisition mechanism 4. If the workpiece has quality defects, a signal is sent to the alarm mechanism 5 to flash an alarm;

[0119] When the second sensor 9 detects the workpiece to be measured, the second sensor 9 counts the workpiece to be measured. At the same time, the control mechanism 7 sends the control signal generated according to the detection result to the blanking mechanism 6. The drive motor 603 in the blanking mechanism 6 drives the lead screw 605 to rotate to move the corresponding storage bin to the discharge port of the workpiece conveying mechanism 1, and separates and stores the workpiece to be measured according to the detection result into qualified and unqualified ones;

[0120] So far, one detection process is completed. Repeating the above process can achieve continuous quality detection.

[0121] It should be noted that before the quality inspection, the equipment needs to be debugged according to the size of the brake ring workpiece to be measured, that is, the positions of the four cameras in the workpiece centering mechanism 2 and the first image acquisition mechanism 3, and the positions of the fifth camera 406 and the fill light 403 in the second image acquisition mechanism 4 are adjusted to ensure that the device adapts to the detection range of the workpiece to be measured.

[0122] Finally, the present invention proposes an overall design scheme of a visual quality inspection device for an electric scooter brake ring. Through multi-camera fusion, the inner surface of the workpiece can be detected 360 degrees, the diameter of the workpiece can be detected and the error can be controlled within 0.02 mm. It can effectively replace the traditional manual measurement with large errors and easy fatigue by casting measuring tools. It can not only improve the detection efficiency, meet the detection needs of the factory 7×24 hours, but also save labor costs, reduce the probability of misdetection and missed detection, and is overall small and convenient for the transfer of the equipment and position adjustment according to the size of different workpieces to be measured.

Claims

1. A visual quality inspection device based on the brake rim of an electric power-assisted bicycle, comprising a workpiece conveying mechanism (1), characterized in that: It also includes a workpiece centering mechanism (2), a first image acquisition mechanism (3), a second image acquisition mechanism (4) and a control mechanism (7), wherein: The workpiece centering mechanism (2) is arranged on the feeding side of the workpiece conveying mechanism (1) and is used to perform a centering operation on the brake ring workpiece on the workpiece conveying mechanism (1); The first image acquisition mechanism (3) is used to acquire a first surface image of the brake ring workpiece located at a quality inspection position; The second image acquisition mechanism (4) is used to acquire a second surface image of the brake ring workpiece located at the quality inspection position; The control mechanism (7) is used to implement brake rim quality detection based on the collected first surface image and second surface image.

2. The visual quality inspection device based on the brake rim of an electric power-assisted bicycle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workpiece centering mechanism (2) comprises two mounting blocks (201) and two guide blocks (202); the two mounting blocks (201) are symmetrically fixed at two ends of the feed side of the workpiece conveying mechanism (1); guide blocks (202) are detachably fixed on the mounting blocks (201) on both sides; the distance between the two guide blocks (202) gradually decreases from the feed side inwards, and the central axis between the two guide blocks (202) and the center point of the quality inspection position are collinear.

3. The visual quality inspection device based on the brake rim of an electric power-assisted bicycle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide block (202) is provided with a centering fixing groove (203) along its length direction, a centering adjustment bolt (204) is passed through the centering fixing groove (203), and the lower end of the centering adjustment bolt (204) is threadedly connected to the mounting block (201).

4. The visual quality inspection device based on the brake rim of an electric power-assisted bicycle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first image acquisition mechanism (3) comprises a first bracket (301), a second bracket (302), a third bracket (303), and a fourth bracket (304) which are fixed on the workpiece conveying mechanism (1) and are movable; a first camera (305) is rotatably arranged on the first bracket (301); a second camera (306) is rotatably arranged on the second bracket (302); a third camera (307) is rotatably arranged on the third bracket (303); and a fourth camera (308) is rotatably arranged on the fourth bracket (304); the first camera (305), the second camera (306), the third camera (307), and the fourth camera (308) are symmetrically distributed.

5. The visual quality inspection device based on the brake rim of an electric power-assisted bicycle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second image acquisition mechanism (4) comprises a base (401), a support column (402), a first mounting assembly and a fine-tuning assembly (4016); the base (401) is supported on the ground; the lower end of the support column (402) is detachably connected to the base (401); the first mounting assembly is movably arranged on the upper part of the support column (402) and its height is adjustable; the first mounting assembly is connected to a connecting frame (407) via the fine-tuning assembly (4016); a fifth camera (406) is mounted on the connecting frame (407); a fine-tuning knob (408) matched with the fine-tuning assembly (4016) is also arranged on the first mounting assembly; the fine-tuning knob (408) can drive the fine-tuning assembly (4016) to drive the connecting frame (407) and the fifth camera (406) to move up and down as a whole.

6. The visual quality inspection device based on the brake rim of an electric power-assisted bicycle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first mounting assembly comprises an upper mounting seat (409) and a second adjusting knob (4015); the upper mounting seat (409) is mounted on the supporting column (402); the second adjusting knob (4015) and the upper mounting seat (409) are threadedly connected to each other for locking the relative position of the upper mounting seat (409) and the supporting column (402).

7. The visual quality inspection device based on the brake rim of an electric power-assisted bicycle according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second mounting component is also movably arranged on the supporting column (402), and the second mounting component is located below the first mounting component and is adjustable in height. A fill light (403) is arranged on the second mounting component, and a through hole is formed at the center of the fill light (403), and the fifth camera (406) is located above the center of the through hole.

8. The visual quality inspection device based on the brake rim of an electric power-assisted bicycle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second mounting assembly comprises a lower locking bolt (4011), a lower mounting seat (4012), a first adjusting knob (4013), a mounting plate (4014), and a mounting beam (404); the lower mounting seat (4012) is sleeved on the supporting column (402); the lower locking bolt (4011) and the lower mounting seat (4012) are threadedly connected; the lower locking bolt (4011) is used to lock the relative position of the lower mounting seat (4012) and the supporting column (402); two horizontally arranged supporting cross bars (4010) are independently installed on the lower mounting seat (4012); the two supporting cross bars (4010) are respectively installed on the lower mounting seat (4012) and the supporting column (402 ... One end of the cross bar (4010) close to the workpiece conveying mechanism (1) is connected to a mounting plate (4014); one side of the mounting plate (4014) close to the workpiece conveying mechanism (1) is connected to two mounting beams (404); mounting grooves (405) arranged along the length direction of the mounting beams (404) are provided; fastening screws are provided in both mounting grooves (405); the fill light (403) and the fastening screws are fixedly connected; and a first adjusting knob (4013) for locking the relative position between the lower mounting seat (4012) and the supporting cross bar (4010) is also provided on the lower mounting seat (4012).

9. The visual quality inspection device based on the brake rim of an electric power-assisted bicycle according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A material discharge mechanism (6) is provided on the discharge side of the workpiece conveying mechanism (1), and the material discharge mechanism (6) comprises a driving component and a hopper (608) provided on the driving component, and the hopper (608) has at least two storage bins. The control end of the driving component is connected to the control signal output end of the control mechanism (7), and the driving component can drive the hopper (608) to move back and forth under the control of the control mechanism (7) so that any one of the storage bins is located at the discharge port of the workpiece conveying mechanism (1).

10. The visual quality inspection device based on the brake rim of an electric power-assisted bicycle according to claim 9, characterized in that: The device also includes an alarm mechanism (5), a first sensor (8), and a second sensor (9) fixed on the workpiece conveying mechanism (1); the alarm mechanism (5) is used to give an alarm indication of the brake rim quality inspection result; the first sensor (8) and the second sensor (9) are used to detect the position of the brake rim workpiece on the workpiece conveying mechanism (1), wherein the installation position of the first sensor (8) is adapted to the quality inspection position, the second sensor (9) is arranged on the discharge side of the workpiece conveying mechanism (1), the signal output ends of the first sensor (8) and the second sensor (9) are connected to the signal input end of the control mechanism (7), and the signal output end of the control mechanism (7) is connected to the signal input end of the alarm mechanism (5).

Images