Seismic data correction method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a seismic data correction method and apparatus, an electronic device and a storage medium. The method comprises the steps of obtaining to-be-corrected seismic data in a work area and seawater speed data in the work area; determining a real seawater velocity model based on the seawater velocity data; a target water velocity model is determined based on the real seawater velocity model, and the water velocity in the target water velocity model is uniform; determining the water velocity time difference of each position based on the target water velocity model and the real seawater velocity model; and carrying out time shifting on the seismic data based on the water velocity time difference of each position to obtain corrected seismic data, so that the seismic data can be corrected with a relatively small calculated amount.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of geophysical exploration technology, and particularly to a method, device, electronic device and storage medium for correcting seismic data. Background Art

[0002] Although in the same sea area, the seawater velocities at different depths and different positions will vary; with the change of seasons, the water velocity at the same position will also change. Therefore, during the months-long field acquisition process, it is often encountered that for two adjacent flight lines, due to the different acquisition times, the water temperature changes with the seasons, resulting in a change in the water velocity, and causing a time difference between adjacent acquisition beam bundles. In the actual seismic data processing process, it is necessary to correct the time difference caused by the changing water velocity to eliminate problems such as the jitter of the in-phase axis and artifacts caused by the water velocity change. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a correction method to achieve the correction of seismic data. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, this application provides a method and device for correcting seismic data, which can achieve the correction of seismic data.

[0004] This application provides a method for correcting seismic data, including:

[0005] Obtain the seismic data to be corrected in the work area and the seawater velocity data in the work area;

[0006] Determine a true seawater velocity model based on the seawater velocity data;

[0007] Determine a target water velocity model based on the true seawater velocity model, where the water velocity in the target water velocity model is a uniform water velocity;

[0008] Determine the water velocity time difference at each position based on the target water velocity model and the true seawater velocity model;

[0009] Perform time shift on the seismic data based on the water velocity time difference at each position to obtain the corrected seismic data.

[0010] In some embodiments, the seawater velocity data includes: the functional relationship between depth and sound velocity, and determining the true seawater velocity model based on the seawater velocity data includes:

[0011] Establish a true seawater velocity model based at least on the functional relationship between depth and sound velocity.

[0012] In some embodiments, the seawater velocity data further includes: the temperature and salinity of seawater at different depths, and establishing the true seawater velocity model based at least on the functional relationship between depth and sound velocity includes:

[0013] Determine the velocity variation of seawater based on the temperature and salinity of seawater at different depths;

[0014] Establish a real seawater velocity model based on the velocity variation of the seawater and the functional relationship between depth and sound velocity.

[0015] In some embodiments, the determining the velocity variation of seawater based on the temperature and salinity of seawater at different depths includes:

[0016] Calculate the velocity variation using a first calculation formula based on the temperature and salinity of seawater at different depths, where the first calculation formula includes:

[0017] C = 1449.2 + 4.6 - 0.055T 2 + 0.000029T 3 +(1.34 - 0.01T)(S - 35)+0.016Z, where the temperature T, salinity S, and depth Z, and C is the velocity variation.

[0018] In some embodiments, the determining the target water velocity model based on the real seawater velocity model includes:

[0019] Perform a small smoothing process on the real seawater velocity model to obtain the target water velocity model.

[0020] In some embodiments, the real seawater velocity model includes: multiple layers with different depths, and each layer corresponds to the wave field travel time, real water velocity, and thickness of the sound wave in the layer. In the target water velocity model, each layer is combined into one layer, and the target water velocity model corresponds to an equivalent replacement velocity, water body depth, and wave field travel time.

[0021] In some embodiments, the determining the water velocity time difference at each position based on the target water velocity model and the real seawater velocity model includes:

[0022] Calculate the water velocity time difference at each position using a second calculation formula based on the target water velocity model and the real seawater velocity model, where the second calculation formula includes:

[0023]

[0024] where, represents the water velocity time difference of the i-th seismic data, represents the water depth of the i-th data, Δh represents the calculation step of the depth, v (i,j) represents the real water velocity of the j-th sampling point in the i-th seismic data, v e is the equivalent replacement velocity.

[0025] An embodiment of the present application provides a correction device for seismic data, including:

[0026] An acquisition module, configured to acquire seismic data to be corrected in a work area and seawater velocity data in the work area;

[0027] A first determination module, configured to determine a true seawater velocity model based on the seawater velocity data;

[0028] A second determination module, configured to determine a target water velocity model based on the true seawater velocity model, wherein the water velocity in the target water velocity model is a uniform water velocity;

[0029] A third determination module, configured to determine the water velocity time difference at each position based on the target water velocity model and the true seawater velocity model;

[0030] A correction module, configured to perform time shift on the seismic data based on the water velocity time difference at each position to obtain corrected seismic data.

[0031] An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor. A computer program is stored on the memory. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the correction method of the seismic data described in any one of the above is executed.

[0032] An embodiment of the present application provides a storage medium. The computer program stored in the storage medium can be executed by one or more processors and can be used to implement the correction method of the seismic data described in any one of the above.

[0033] A correction method, device, electronic device and storage medium for seismic data provided by the present application. By acquiring seismic data to be corrected in a work area and seawater velocity data in the work area; determining a true seawater velocity model based on the seawater velocity data; determining a target water velocity model based on the true seawater velocity model, wherein the water velocity in the target water velocity model is a uniform water velocity; determining the water velocity time difference at each position based on the target water velocity model and the true seawater velocity model; performing time shift on the seismic data based on the water velocity time difference at each position to obtain corrected seismic data, it is possible to correct the seismic data with a relatively small amount of calculation. Description of the Drawings

[0034] In the following, the present application will be described in more detail based on embodiments with reference to the drawings.

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of the implementation of a correction method for seismic data provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a true seawater velocity model provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 3Schematic diagram of a target water velocity model provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a seismic profile provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a profile of corrected seismic data provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the composition structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0041] In the drawings, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Detailed implementation manners

[0042] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0043] In the following description, reference is made to "some embodiments", which describe a subset of all possible embodiments. However, it can be understood that "some embodiments" can be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments, and can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0044] If similar descriptions such as "first / second / third" appear in the application documents, the following explanation is added. In the following description, the terms "first / second / third" merely distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific order for the objects. It can be understood that "first / second / third" can be interchanged with a specific order or sequence when permitted, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0046] Based on the problems existing in the related art, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for correcting seismic data. The method is applied to an electronic device, which may be a computer, a mobile terminal, etc. The functions implemented by the method for correcting seismic data provided by the embodiment of the present application can be realized by a processor of the electronic device calling program code, where the program code can be stored in a computer storage medium.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] An embodiment of the present application provides a method for correcting seismic data. Figure 1 As shown in the schematic implementation flow diagram of a method for correcting seismic data provided by an embodiment of the present application, Figure 1 it includes:

[0049] Step S101, obtaining the seismic data to be corrected in the work area and the seawater velocity data in the work area.

[0050] In an embodiment of the present application, the work area can be in the sea, and the seawater velocity data can be data for calculating the seawater velocity and data affecting the seawater velocity.

[0051] In an embodiment of the present application, the seawater velocity data may include: the functional relationship between depth and sound velocity, the temperature and salinity of seawater at different depths, etc.

[0052] In an embodiment of the present application, the velocity of the exploration water area can be accurately measured by a sonar device or the like. The Sound Velocity Profile (SVP) refers to the water layer section where the sound velocity changes with depth at a certain position, representing the functional relationship between the sound velocity and the depth.

[0053] In an embodiment of the present application, the functional relationship between depth and velocity can be obtained by converting the functional relationship between sound wave and depth.

[0054] Step S102, determining a true seawater velocity model based on the seawater velocity data.

[0055] In an embodiment of the present application, the seawater velocity data includes: the functional relationship between depth and sound velocity. Determining the true seawater velocity model based on the seawater velocity data includes:

[0056] Establishing a true seawater velocity model based at least on the functional relationship between depth and sound velocity.

[0057] In an embodiment of the present application, the velocity change of seawater can be determined based on the temperature and salinity of seawater at different depths; a true seawater velocity model is established based on the velocity change of the seawater and the functional relationship between depth and sound velocity.

[0058] In an embodiment of the present application, the true seawater velocity model is a mathematical model describing the relationship between seawater velocity and depth. In real seawater, the sound wave propagation velocity usually changes with depth, which is due to the influence of depth on physical parameters such as seawater temperature, salinity, and pressure.

[0059] When establishing the true seawater velocity model, the following factors can be considered: temperature, depth, and salinity.

[0060] In the embodiments of the present application, the seawater temperature varies with depth, generally showing a decreasing trend. According to the principles of thermodynamics, the change in seawater temperature will affect the sound speed. The temperature gradient can be used to describe the influence of temperature change on the sound speed. The seawater salinity varies with depth, generally showing an increasing trend. The change in salinity will affect the seawater density, thereby affecting the sound speed. The salinity gradient can be used to describe the influence of salinity change on the sound speed. The increase in seawater depth will lead to an increase in pressure, and the influence of pressure on seawater density and sound speed also needs to be considered. The pressure gradient can be used to describe the influence of pressure change on the sound speed. In some embodiments, in addition to temperature, salinity, and pressure, there are other factors that may also affect the seawater speed, such as microorganisms or suspended substances in seawater. These factors can be modeled through measured data or empirical formulas.

[0061] Based on the above factors, a complex equation can be used to establish a real seawater speed model. A commonly used method is to use an empirical formula and fit it with measured data. Another method is to use a physical model, consider the influence of various factors, and perform numerical solutions.

[0062] In the embodiments of the present application, the speed change is calculated using a first calculation formula based on the temperature and salinity of seawater at different depths. Among them, the first calculation formula includes: C = 1449.2 + 4.6 - 0.055T 2 + 0.000029T 3 +(1.34 - 0.01T)(S - 35)+0.016Z, where the temperature T, salinity S, and depth Z, and C is the speed change.

[0063] In the embodiments of the present application, the real seawater speed model includes: multiple layers, each layer having a different depth, and each layer corresponding to the wave field travel time, real water speed, and thickness of the sound wave in the layer.

[0064] Figure 2 For the schematic diagram of a real seawater speed model provided by the embodiments of the present application, as Figure 2 shown, the water body speed changes with depth, resulting in a layered phenomenon. From top to bottom, the water speeds are: v 1 , v 2 , v 3 , and the water layer thicknesses are respectively h 1 , h 2 , h 3 , and the wave field propagation time in each water layer is respectively t 1 , t 2 , t,, and the speed in the water speed anomaly area is

[0065] In some embodiments, quality control can be performed on constant velocity scanning and LMO correction, and the optimal constant water velocity can be selected to construct an initial water body velocity model. On this basis, a true seawater velocity model approaching the actual water velocity can be constructed by using the function between water depth and sound wave.

[0066] In the embodiments of the present application, constant velocity scanning is a commonly used geophysical method for measuring the velocity distribution of underground media. It sends a series of acoustic pulses into the sea and then receives the signals of reflected waves and refracted waves to obtain the velocity information in the sea. LMO (Linear Moveout) correction is a commonly used velocity correction method for correcting the time shift caused by velocity changes in constant velocity scanning. By performing time correction on the received waveform data, a more accurate velocity model in the sea can be obtained.

[0067] To select the optimal constant water velocity to construct an initial water body velocity model, the following steps can be taken: Collect constant velocity scanning data: Conduct a constant velocity scanning experiment in the ocean area under study and record the data of sending acoustic pulses and receiving reflected waves and refracted waves.

[0068] Analyze the data and extract the constant water velocity: By analyzing the received waveform data, an appropriate constant water velocity can be estimated. This can be done by observing characteristics such as the arrival time and amplitude of the waveform.

[0069] Perform LMO correction: Use the estimated constant water velocity to perform LMO correction on the received waveform data. This will help reduce the time shift caused by velocity changes to obtain a more accurate velocity model of the underground media.

[0070] Construct an initial water body velocity model: Based on the data after LMO correction, an initial water body velocity model can be constructed using interpolation methods or other mathematical modeling techniques. This initial model will serve as the basis for subsequent work.

[0071] Construct a true seawater velocity model using the function between water depth and sound wave: Based on the relationship between water depth and sound wave, a seawater velocity model approaching the actual water velocity can be constructed. This can be achieved through correction factors, mathematical models, or empirical formulas.

[0072] Step S103, determine a target water velocity model based on the true seawater velocity model, where the water velocity in the target water velocity model is a uniform water velocity.

[0073] In the embodiments of the present application, when determining the target water velocity model based on the true seawater velocity model, it can be assumed that the target water velocity is a uniform water velocity. This means that in the target water velocity model, the water flow velocity in the entire sea area is uniform and does not change due to different positions.

[0074] In the embodiments of the present application, the real seawater velocity model can be analyzed to understand the changing trends of water flow velocities at different positions and times. Statistical methods, time series analysis, and other techniques can be used to determine the average value and the range of variation of the seawater velocity. Based on the analysis results, the average water velocity can be used as the water velocity in the target water velocity model. Since it is assumed in the target water velocity model that the water flow velocity in the sea area is uniform, the average water velocity can be applied to the entire sea area.

[0075] In the embodiments of the present application, a small smoothing process can be performed on the real seawater velocity model to obtain the target water velocity model.

[0076] In the embodiments of the present application, when performing a small smoothing process on the real seawater velocity model, some filtering algorithms can be adopted, such as moving average filtering or weighted average filtering.

[0077] Moving average filtering is a simple smoothing method. It moves a data window of a certain length sequentially on the data sequence, and calculates the average value of the data within the window as the smoothed value each time it moves. This can eliminate some short-term fluctuations and make the data more stable. Weighted average filtering performs weighted processing according to the importance of the data, giving larger weights to more important data and smaller weights to less important data. This can better retain the trend characteristics of the data.

[0078] According to the specific situation, a suitable filtering algorithm can be selected and the parameters can be adjusted according to actual requirements to obtain the target water velocity model.

[0079] In the embodiments of the present application, in the target water velocity model, each layer is combined into one layer, and the target water velocity model corresponds to an equivalent replacement velocity, a water body depth, and a wave field travel time. Figure 3 Shown in the figure is a schematic diagram of a target water velocity model provided by the embodiments of the present application. As Figure 3 shown, for the target water velocity model, v e is the equivalent replacement velocity, h e is the water body depth, and t e is the wave field travel time.

[0080] Step S104: Determine the water velocity time difference at each position based on the target water velocity model and the real seawater velocity model.

[0081] In the embodiments of the present application, the data of the target water velocity model and the real seawater velocity model are spatially corresponded, that is, the data at the same position is found. By comparing the data of the target water velocity model and the real seawater velocity model, the difference in water velocity is calculated. It can be measured by calculating the difference value, the difference ratio, or other indicators. According to the calculated difference, the water velocity time difference at each position is determined. The water velocity time difference can be expressed as positive or negative values, indicating whether the real seawater velocity is ahead of or lagging behind the target water velocity model.

[0082] In the embodiments of the present application, determining the water velocity time difference at each position based on the target water velocity model and the real seawater velocity model includes:

[0083] Calculating the water velocity time difference at each position based on the target water velocity model and the real seawater velocity model by using a second calculation formula, where the second calculation formula includes:

[0084]

[0085] Wherein, represents the water velocity time difference of the i-th seismic data, represents the water depth of the i-th data, Δh represents the calculation step of the depth, c (i,j) represents the real water velocity of the j-th sampling point in the i-th seismic data, v e is the equivalent replacement velocity.

[0086] Step S105: Perform time shift on the seismic data based on the water velocity time difference at each position to obtain the corrected seismic data.

[0087] In the embodiments of the present application, time shift correction is an important method in seismic data processing. It corrects the seismic data based on the water velocity time difference at different positions to obtain more accurate seismic data. In seismic data processing, the water velocity refers to the velocity of wave propagation in the subsurface structure, and there may be water velocity differences in the subsurface structures at different positions. When seismic waves propagate from one location to another, due to the different water velocities, the arrival time will be delayed or advanced. Therefore, it is necessary to perform time shift correction on the seismic data so that the seismic waves have the same arrival time at different positions.

[0088] The specific steps of time shift correction are as follows:

[0089] First, it is necessary to calculate the water velocity time difference between different positions.

[0090] Then, according to the water velocity time difference, perform time shift on the seismic data. For the position with an earlier arrival time, it can be shifted backward; for the position with a later arrival time, it can be shifted forward.

[0091] After performing time shift correction, the seismic data at different positions can be compared to observe whether their arrival times are consistent. If the arrival times are consistent, it indicates that the time shift correction effect is good.

[0092] In the embodiments of the present application, through time shift correction, the influence of water velocity differences between different positions on the seismic data can be eliminated, so that the observed arrival times of seismic waves are consistent, improving the quality and interpretability of the seismic data.

[0093] In the embodiments of the present application, the water velocity time difference can be applied to the seismic data D channel by channel t to obtain the seismic data D after water velocity correction t-tstatics , and the seismic data satisfies the assumption of uniform water body velocity in the processing.

[0094] A method for correcting seismic data provided by the present application includes obtaining seismic data to be corrected in a work area and seawater velocity data in the work area; determining a true seawater velocity model based on the seawater velocity data; determining a target water velocity model based on the true seawater velocity model, where the water velocity in the target water velocity model is a uniform water velocity; determining the water velocity time difference at each position based on the target water velocity model and the true seawater velocity model; and performing time shift on the seismic data based on the water velocity time difference at each position to obtain the corrected seismic data, which can correct the seismic data with a relatively small amount of calculation.

[0095] Example 2

[0096] Based on the foregoing embodiments, the embodiments of the present application further provide a method for correcting seismic data, including:

[0097] SVP seawater velocity data acquisition: Using measurement tools such as sonar equipment to collect seawater velocity data in the exploration area, and obtaining high-frequency water velocity change information at different depths on the basis of the background water body velocity obtained by LMO correction quality control.

[0098] Data analysis and processing: Analyzing and processing the collected seawater velocity data, including analyzing the influence of factors such as temperature, depth, and salinity on the seawater velocity, and establishing a true seawater velocity model according to the functional relationship between depth and sound velocity and the first calculation formula.

[0099] In the embodiments of the present application, the first calculation formula includes: C = 1449.2 + 4.6 - 0.055T 2 + 0.000029T 3 +(1.34 - 0.01T)(S - 35)+0.016Z, where temperature T, salinity S, and depth Z, and C is the velocity change.

[0100] Initial velocity smoothing: Performing a small smoothing process on the true seawater velocity model to obtain a smoothed seawater velocity model, eliminating the time difference jitter caused by non-physical factors, and facilitating improving the accuracy of subsequent water velocity time difference calculation.

[0101] Water velocity time difference calculation: Calculating the water velocity time difference at the corresponding position and storing it in the trace header of the seismic trace at the corresponding position.

[0102] In the embodiments of the present application, the water velocity time difference can be calculated based on the second calculation formula. The second calculation formula includes:

[0103]

[0104] Among them, represents the water velocity time difference of the i-th seismic data, represents the water depth of the i-th data, Δh represents the calculation step of the depth, and v (i,j) represents the true water velocity of the j-th sampling point in the i-th seismic data, and v e is the equivalent replacement velocity.

[0105] Application of water velocity time difference: According to the water velocity time difference recorded in the trace header, the seismic data is time-shifted to eliminate the error between seismic data traces caused by water velocity changes, so that the actually collected seismic data can be analyzed and processed under the assumption of a uniform water velocity.

[0106] The seismic data correction method provided by the embodiments of the present application calculates the time difference of seismic data caused by water velocity on the basis of actual seawater measurement, so as to eliminate the velocity changes caused by factors such as temperature and salinity of seawater, so that the seismic data meets the uniform seawater velocity assumption, eliminates the time difference jitter of the in-phase axis in the original data due to water velocity changes, and improves the applicability and accuracy of subsequent seismic processing techniques.

[0107] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a seismic profile provided by the embodiments of the present application. As Figure 4 shown, it can be seen that affected by the water velocity change, the originally flat seafloor in-phase axis shows a convex shape in the high water velocity area and a concave shape in the low water velocity area, forming a structural illusion, which seriously affects the accuracy of seismic exploration.

[0108] The SVP seawater velocity data acquisition, data analysis and processing, initial velocity smoothing, water velocity time difference calculation and application, etc. of the corresponding areas of the seismic data are gradually carried out, and the seismic data after water velocity correction is obtained.

[0109] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a profile of the corrected seismic data provided by the embodiments of the present application. As Figure 5 shown, it can be seen that the profile after water velocity correction eliminates the illusion caused by the water velocity time difference, and its profile reflects the true seafloor and subsurface structure.

[0110] Example 3

[0111] Based on the foregoing embodiments, an embodiment of the present application provides a correction device for seismic data. Each module included in the device, as well as each unit included in each module, can be implemented by a processor in a computer device; of course, it can also be implemented by specific logic circuits. During implementation, the processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor unit (MPU), a digital signal processor (DSP), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0112] An embodiment of the present application provides a correction device for seismic data. The correction device for seismic data includes:

[0113] An acquisition module, configured to acquire seismic data to be corrected in a work area and seawater velocity data in the work area;

[0114] A first determination module, configured to determine a true seawater velocity model based on the seawater velocity data;

[0115] A second determination module, configured to determine a target water velocity model based on the true seawater velocity model, where the water velocity in the target water velocity model is a uniform water velocity;

[0116] A third determination module, configured to determine the water velocity time difference at each position based on the target water velocity model and the true seawater velocity model;

[0117] A correction module, configured to perform time shift on the seismic data based on the water velocity time difference at each position to obtain corrected seismic data.

[0118] In some embodiments, the seawater velocity data includes: the functional relationship between depth and sound velocity. The determining of the true seawater velocity model based on the seawater velocity data includes:

[0119] At least establishing a true seawater velocity model based on the functional relationship between depth and sound velocity.

[0120] In some embodiments, the seawater velocity data further includes: the temperature and salinity of seawater at different depths. The at least establishing a true seawater velocity model based on the functional relationship between depth and sound velocity includes:

[0121] Determining the velocity change of seawater based on the temperature and salinity of seawater at different depths;

[0122] Establishing a true seawater velocity model based on the velocity change of seawater and the functional relationship between depth and sound velocity.

[0123] In some embodiments, determining the velocity change of seawater based on the temperature and salinity of seawater at different depths includes:

[0124] Calculating the velocity change using a first calculation formula based on the temperature and salinity of seawater at different depths, where the first calculation formula includes: C = 1449.2 + 4.6 - 0.055T 2 + 0.000029T 3 +(1.34 - 0.01T)(S - 35)+0.016Z, where the temperature T, salinity S, and depth Z, and C is the velocity change.

[0125] In some embodiments, determining the target water velocity model based on the real seawater velocity model includes:

[0126] Performing a small smoothing process on the real seawater velocity model to obtain the target water velocity model.

[0127] In some embodiments, the real seawater velocity model includes: multiple layers with different depths, each layer corresponding to the wave field travel time, real water velocity, and thickness of the sound wave in the layer. In the target water velocity model, each layer is combined into one layer, and the target water velocity model corresponds to an equivalent replacement velocity, water body depth, and wave field travel time.

[0128] In some embodiments, determining the water velocity time difference at each position based on the target water velocity model and the real seawater velocity model includes:

[0129] Calculating the water velocity time difference at each position using a second calculation formula based on the target water velocity model and the real seawater velocity model, where the second calculation formula includes:

[0130]

[0131] where, represents the water velocity time difference of the i-th seismic data, represents the water depth of the i-th data, Δh represents the calculation step of the depth, v (i,j) represents the real water velocity of the j-th sampling point in the i-th seismic data, v e is the equivalent replacement velocity.

[0132] Example 4

[0133] An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of the electronic device provided by the embodiment of the present application, as Figure 6As shown, the electronic device 700 includes: a processor 701, at least one communication bus 702, a user interface 703, at least one external communication interface 704, and a memory 705. Among them, the communication bus 702 is configured to enable connection and communication between these components. Among them, the user interface 703 may include a display screen, and the external communication interface 704 may include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface. The processor 701 is configured to execute a program of the seismic data correction method stored in the memory to implement the steps in the seismic data correction method provided in the above embodiments.

[0134] This application provides a method for correcting seismic data, including:

[0135] Obtain the seismic data to be corrected in the work area and the seawater velocity data in the work area;

[0136] Determine a true seawater velocity model based on the seawater velocity data;

[0137] Determine a target water velocity model based on the true seawater velocity model, where the water velocity in the target water velocity model is a uniform water velocity;

[0138] Determine the water velocity time difference at each position based on the target water velocity model and the true seawater velocity model;

[0139] Perform time shift on the seismic data based on the water velocity time difference at each position to obtain the corrected seismic data.

[0140] In some embodiments, the seawater velocity data includes: the functional relationship between depth and sound velocity. The determining of the true seawater velocity model based on the seawater velocity data includes:

[0141] Establish a true seawater velocity model at least based on the functional relationship between depth and sound velocity.

[0142] In some embodiments, the seawater velocity data further includes: the temperature and salinity of seawater at different depths. The establishing of the true seawater velocity model at least based on the functional relationship between depth and sound velocity includes:

[0143] Determine the velocity change of seawater based on the temperature and salinity of seawater at different depths;

[0144] Establish a true seawater velocity model based on the velocity change of seawater and the functional relationship between depth and sound velocity.

[0145] In some embodiments, the determining of the velocity change of seawater based on the temperature and salinity of seawater at different depths includes:

[0146] Calculate the velocity change using the first calculation formula based on the temperature and salinity of seawater at different depths. The first calculation formula includes: C = 1449.2 + 4.6 - 0.055T 2 + 0.000029T 3 +(1.34 - 0.01T)(S - 35)+0.016Z, where the temperature T, salinity S, and depth Z, and C is the velocity change.

[0147] In some embodiments, determining the target water velocity model based on the real seawater velocity model includes:

[0148] Performing a small smoothing process on the real seawater velocity model to obtain the target water velocity model.

[0149] In some embodiments, the real seawater velocity model includes: multiple layers with different depths for each layer. Each layer corresponds to the wave field travel time, real water velocity, and thickness of the acoustic wave in the layer. In the target water velocity model, each layer is combined into one layer, and the target water velocity model corresponds to an equivalent replacement velocity, water body depth, and wave field travel time.

[0150] In some embodiments, determining the water velocity time difference at each position based on the target water velocity model and the real seawater velocity model includes:

[0151] Calculating the water velocity time difference at each position using the second calculation formula based on the target water velocity model and the real seawater velocity model. The second calculation formula includes:

[0152]

[0153] where represents the water velocity time difference of the i-th seismic data trace, represents the water depth of the i-th data trace, Δh represents the calculation step of the depth, v (i,j) represents the real water velocity of the j-th sampling point in the i-th seismic data trace, v e is the equivalent replacement velocity.

[0154] Example 5

[0155] In the embodiments of the present application, if the above-mentioned method for correcting seismic data is implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROMs), magnetic disks, or optical discs that can store program codes. In this way, the embodiments of the present application are not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0156] Correspondingly, the embodiments of the present application provide a storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and characterized in that when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps in the method for correcting seismic data provided in the above embodiments.

[0157] The descriptions of the above embodiments of the electronic device and the storage medium are similar to the descriptions of the above method embodiments and have similar beneficial effects to those of the method embodiments. For the technical details not disclosed in the embodiments of the computer device and the storage medium of the present application, please refer to the descriptions of the method embodiments of the present application for understanding.

[0158] It should be understood that the "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" mentioned throughout the specification means that the specific features, structures, or characteristics related to the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, the appearances of "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the sequence numbers of the above processes do not mean the order of execution is prior or subsequent. The order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application. The sequence numbers of the embodiments of the present application above are only for description and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0159] It should be noted that in this text, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising that element.

[0160] In several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical functional division, and there can be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined, or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection between the displayed or discussed components can be through some interfaces. The indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0161] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units; they can be located in one place or distributed to multiple network units; some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0162] In addition, in each embodiment of this application, the functional units can all be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can be a separate unit alone, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit; the above-mentioned integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware, or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0163] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above method embodiments can be completed by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it executes the steps including the above method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media such as removable storage devices, read-only memories (ROMs), magnetic disks, or optical discs that can store program codes.

[0164] Alternatively, if the above integrated units of the present application are implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a controller to execute all or part of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as removable storage devices, ROMs, magnetic disks, or optical discs.

[0165] As described above, the above are only the implementation manners of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered by the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for correcting seismic data, characterized in that, it includes: obtaining the seismic data to be corrected in the work area and the seawater velocity data in the work area; determining a true seawater velocity model based on the seawater velocity data; determining a target water velocity model based on the true seawater velocity model, wherein the water velocity in the target water velocity model is a uniform water velocity; determining the water velocity time difference at each position based on the target water velocity model and the true seawater velocity model; performing time shift on the seismic data based on the water velocity time difference at each position to obtain the corrected seismic data.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the seawater velocity data includes: the functional relationship between depth and sound velocity, and determining the true seawater velocity model based on the seawater velocity data includes: establishing a true seawater velocity model based at least on the functional relationship between depth and sound velocity.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, the seawater velocity data further includes: the temperature and salinity of seawater at different depths, and establishing the true seawater velocity model based at least on the functional relationship between depth and sound velocity includes: determining the velocity change of seawater based on the temperature and salinity of seawater at different depths; establishing a true seawater velocity model based on the velocity change of seawater and the functional relationship between depth and sound velocity.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, determining the velocity change of seawater based on the temperature and salinity of seawater at different depths includes: calculating the velocity change using a first calculation formula based on the temperature and salinity of seawater at different depths, wherein the first calculation formula includes: C = 1449.2 + 4.6 - 0.055T 2 + 0.000029T 3 + (1.34 - 0.01T)(S - 35) + 0.016Z, where the temperature T, salinity S, and depth Z, and C is the velocity change.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, determining the target water velocity model based on the true seawater velocity model includes: performing a small smoothing process on the true seawater velocity model to obtain the target water velocity model.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, the true seawater velocity model includes: multiple layers, each layer having a different depth, and each layer corresponding to the wave field travel time, true water velocity and thickness of the acoustic wave in the layer. In the target water velocity model, each layer is combined into one layer, and the target water velocity model corresponds to an equivalent replacement velocity, water body depth and wave field travel time.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, determining the water velocity time difference at each position based on the target water velocity model and the true seawater velocity model includes: calculating the water velocity time difference at each position using a second calculation formula based on the target water velocity model and the true seawater velocity model, wherein the second calculation formula includes: Among them, represents the water velocity time difference of the i-th seismic data, represents the water depth of the i-th data, and Δh represents the calculation step of the depth, v (i,j) represents the true water velocity of the j-th sampling point in the i-th seismic data, v e is the equivalent replacement velocity.

8. A device for correcting seismic data, characterized in that, it includes: an acquisition module for acquiring the seismic data to be corrected in the work area and the seawater velocity data in the work area; a first determination module for determining a true seawater velocity model based on the seawater velocity data; a second determination module for determining a target water velocity model based on the true seawater velocity model, wherein the water velocity in the target water velocity model is a uniform water velocity; A third determination module, configured to determine the water velocity time difference at each position based on the target water velocity model and the true seawater velocity model; A correction module, configured to perform time shift on the seismic data based on the water velocity time difference at each position to obtain the corrected seismic data.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, it includes a memory and a processor, and a computer program is stored on the memory. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it executes the seismic data correction method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that, the computer program stored in the storage medium can be executed by one or more processors and can be used to implement the seismic data correction method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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