Electrical coupling circuit and method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an electrical coupling circuit and a method thereof. The electrical coupling circuit comprises a first switch module, a second switch module, an energy storage module and a control module. The first switch module comprises a first main switch and a first sub-switch. Two ends of the first main switch and two ends of the first sub-switch are respectively connected with a first electrode of a power supply and a first input end of a load. The second switch module comprises a second main switch and a second sub-switch. Two ends of the second main switch and two ends of the second sub-switch are respectively connected with a second electrode of the power supply and a second input end of the load. The two ends of the energy storage module are connected with the first input end and the second input end respectively. The control module is connected with the first input end, the first switch module and the second switch module.

Description

[0001] Cross - reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims the priority of Taiwan, China Patent Application No. 112148268 filed on December 12, 2023, which is incorporated herein by reference for all purposes as if fully set forth herein. Technical field

[0003] This application relates to a circuit design, particularly an electrical coupling circuit. This application also relates to an electrical coupling method corresponding to this circuit. Background art

[0004] Electric vehicles have many advantages, such as not causing air pollution, being environmentally friendly and having low noise, so they have become the trend of future development. In order to enable electric vehicles to run normally and provide various necessary functions, multiple high - voltage and high - power devices may need to be installed on electric vehicles, and these devices are connected to the battery. However, if these devices are not correctly connected to the battery, it may cause the battery to be damaged due to reverse connection. Generally, the main power transmission line of the battery of large electric vehicles is usually provided with high - power - consumption and expensive reverse - connection prevention diodes to prevent the above - mentioned problems. In addition, medium - sized and small - sized electric vehicles usually use expensive vehicle - specification anti - misconnection connectors to solve the above - mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present application, the present application provides an electrical coupling circuit, which includes a first switch module, a second switch module, an energy storage module and a control module. The first switch module includes a first main switch and a first sub - switch. Two ends of the first main switch and two ends of the first sub - switch are respectively connected to a first electrode of the power supply and a first input end of the load. The second switch module includes a second main switch and a second sub - switch. Two ends of the second main switch and two ends of the second sub - switch are respectively connected to a second electrode of the power supply and a second input end of the load. Two ends of the energy storage module are respectively connected to the first input end and the second input end. The control module is connected to the first input end, the first switch module and the second switch module.

[0006] According to another embodiment of the present application, the present application provides an electrical coupling method, which includes the following steps: controlling the connection between the first electrode of the power supply and one end of the energy storage module through a first main switch and a first sub-switch connected in parallel; controlling the connection between the second electrode of the power supply and the other end of the energy storage module through a second main switch and a second sub-switch connected in parallel, with both ends of the energy storage module respectively connected to the first input end and the second input end of the load; and controlling the first main switch, the first sub-switch, the second main switch, and the second main switch to charge the energy storage module; and selectively changing the switching states of the first main switch, the first sub-switch, the second main switch, and the second main switch according to the voltage at the first input end, the initial voltage value, and a preset voltage value greater than the initial voltage value.

[0007] The above description of the content of the present invention and the following description of the embodiments are used to illustrate and explain the principles of the present invention and provide a further explanation of the scope of the patent application of the present invention. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0008] Figure 1 It is a block diagram of the circuit structure of an electrical coupling circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0009] Figure 2 It is a circuit diagram of an electrical coupling circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0010] Figure 3 It is a first schematic diagram of the operating state of an electrical coupling circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0011] Figure 4 It is a second schematic diagram of the operating state of an electrical coupling circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0012] Figure 5 It is a third schematic diagram of the operating state of an electrical coupling circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0013] Figure 6 It is a fourth schematic diagram of the operating state of an electrical coupling circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0014] Figure 7 It is a flowchart of an electrical coupling method according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0015] Wherein, reference numerals:

[0016] 1: Electrical coupling circuit

[0017] 11: First switch module

[0018] 12: Second switch module

[0019] 13: Energy storage module

[0020] 14: Control module

[0021] 2: Electrical coupling circuit

[0022] 21: First switch module

[0023] 22: Second switch module

[0024] 23: Energy storage module

[0025] 24: Control module

[0026] SM1: First main switch

[0027] SM2: Second main switch

[0028] SA1: First sub - switch

[0029] SA2: Second sub - switch

[0030] R1: First resistor

[0031] R2: Second resistor

[0032] D1: First diode

[0033] D2: Second diode

[0034] C1: First capacitor

[0035] TR: Load

[0036] T1: First input terminal

[0037] T2: Second input terminal

[0038] PS: Power supply

[0039] E1: First electrode

[0040] E2: Second electrode

[0041] A1~A3: Arrows

[0042] Bs1: First abnormal signal

[0043] Bs2: Second abnormal signal

[0044] S71~S75, S81~S84, S91~S94: Step flow. Detailed implementation manners

[0045] Embodiments of the electrical coupling circuit and method according to the present application will be described below with reference to the relevant diagrams. For the sake of clarity and convenience in diagram illustration, the components in the diagrams may be presented with exaggeration or reduction in size and proportion. In the following description and / or claims, when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it may be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may exist; while when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly coupled" to another element, there are no intervening elements. Other words used to describe the relationship between elements or layers should be interpreted in the same way. For ease of understanding, the same elements in the following embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 1 , which is a block diagram of the circuit structure of an electrical coupling circuit according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, the electrical coupling circuit 1 includes a first switch module 11, a second switch module 12, an energy storage module 13, and a control module 14.

[0047] The first switch module 11 includes a first main switch SM1 and a first sub-switch SA1. Two ends of the first main switch SM1 are respectively connected to the first electrode E1 of the power supply PS and the first input terminal T1 of the load TR. Two ends of the first sub-switch SA1 are also respectively connected to the first electrode E1 of the power supply PS and the first input terminal T1 of the load TR. In one embodiment, the first main switch SM1 and the first sub-switch SA1 can be various existing relays or switch elements. In one embodiment, the power supply PS can be a rechargeable battery, such as a lithium battery, a nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) battery, or a nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) battery.

[0048] The second switch module 12 includes a second main switch SM2 and a second sub-switch SA2. Two ends of the second main switch SM2 are respectively connected to the second electrode E2 of the power supply PS and the second input terminal T2 of the load TR. The first electrode E1 can be the positive electrode, and the second electrode E2 can be the negative electrode. In another embodiment, the first electrode E1 can be the negative electrode, and the second electrode E2 can be the positive electrode. Two ends of the second sub-switch SA2 are respectively connected to the second electrode E2 of the power supply PS and the second input terminal T2 of the load TR. The first input terminal T1 can be the positive input terminal, and the second input terminal T2 can be the negative input terminal. In another embodiment, the first input terminal T1 can be the negative input terminal, and the second input terminal T2 can be the positive input terminal. In one embodiment, the second main switch SM2 and the second sub-switch SA2 can be various existing relays or switch elements. In one embodiment, the load TR can be a charger, a motor driver, a converter, etc.

[0049] Two ends of the energy storage module 13 are respectively connected to the first input terminal T1 and the second input terminal T2. In one embodiment, the energy storage module 13 can be a DC-Link capacitor or other elements with energy storage functions.

[0050] The control module 14 is connected to the first input terminal T1 of the load TR, the first switch module 11, and the second switch module 12. In an embodiment, the control module 14 can be a microprocessor (MCU), a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit chip (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other similar components.

[0051] The control module 14 can control the first switch module 11 (including the first main switch SM1 and the first sub-switch SA1) and the second switch module 12 (including the second main switch SM2 and the second sub-switch SA2) to charge the energy storage module 13 for a pre-charging process. Additionally, the first switch module 11 and the second switch module 12 also have reverse connection protection diodes to provide reverse connection protection functions simultaneously. When the pre-charging process is completed, a high-voltage power supply can be established to drive the load TR. The combination of the first main switch SM1 and the first sub-switch SA1 of the first switch module 11 can provide a redundancy mechanism. Similarly, the combination of the second main switch SM2 and the second sub-switch SA2 of the second switch module 12 can also provide a redundancy mechanism.

[0052] Through the above circuit design, the electrical coupling circuit 1 can achieve the reverse connection protection function, so it can effectively prevent the power supply PS from being damaged. Therefore, the service life of the power supply PS can be significantly improved, and the power supply PS can operate normally.

[0053] Of course, this embodiment is only used for illustration and not for limiting the scope of the present application. Equivalent modifications or changes made according to the electrical coupling circuit of this embodiment should still be included within the patent scope of the present application.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 2 , which is the circuit diagram of the electrical coupling circuit of another embodiment of the present application. This embodiment illustrates one of the circuit designs of the electrical coupling circuit 2, but does not limit the scope of the present application. As shown in the figure, the electrical coupling circuit 2 includes a first switch module 21, a second switch module 22, an energy storage module 23, and a control module 24.

[0055] The first switch module 21 includes a first main switch SM1, a first sub-switch SA1, a first resistor R1, and a first diode D1. One end of the first sub-switch SA1 is connected to the first electrode E1 of the power supply PS, and the other end of the first sub-switch SA1 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1. The other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of the first diode D1, and the negative electrode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first input terminal T1 of the load TR. Both ends of the first main switch SM1 are respectively connected to the first electrode E1 of the power supply PS and the first input terminal T1 of the load TR.

[0056] The second switch module 22 includes a second main switch SM2, a second sub-switch SA2, a second resistor R2, and a second diode D2. One end of the second sub-switch SA2 is connected to the second input terminal T2 of the load TR, and the other end of the second sub-switch SA2 is connected to one end of the second resistor R2. The other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the positive electrode of the second diode D2, and the negative electrode of the second diode D2 is connected to the second electrode E2 of the power supply PS; the second electrode E2 is also connected to the ground point GND. Both ends of the second main switch SM2 are respectively connected to the second electrode E2 of the power supply PS and the second input terminal T2 of the load TR.

[0057] In this embodiment, the energy storage module 23 is a capacitor C1. Both ends of the capacitor C1 are respectively connected to the first input terminal T1 and the second input terminal T2.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 3 , which is a first schematic diagram of the operating state of the electrical coupling circuit according to another embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, the control module 24 turns on the first sub-switch SA1 and the second sub-switch SA2 to execute a pre-charging procedure to charge the energy storage module 23. At the same time, the control module 24 detects the voltage of the first input terminal T1. The voltage of the first input terminal T1 will gradually increase to the initial voltage value V1. Then, the power supply PS will continuously charge the energy storage module 23. The current direction of the pre-charging procedure is shown by the arrow A1 in the figure. Finally, when the voltage of the first input terminal T1 reaches a preset voltage value V2 greater than the initial voltage value V1, the pre-charging procedure is completed. At the same time, the control module 24 turns on the first main switch SM1 and the second main switch SM2, and cuts off the first sub-switch SA1 and the second sub-switch SA2 to complete the establishment of the high-voltage power supply. The preset voltage value V2 is close to the operating voltage of the power supply PS, and it can be adjusted according to the characteristics of the power supply PS itself; the preset voltage value V2 is greater than the initial voltage value V1.

[0059] Of course, this embodiment is only used for illustration and does not limit the scope of the present application. Equivalent modifications or changes made to the electrical coupling circuit according to this embodiment should still be included within the patent scope of the present application.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 4, which is the second schematic diagram of the operating state of the electrical coupling circuit according to another embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, the control module 24 turns on the first sub-switch SA1 and the second sub-switch SA2 to execute the pre-charging procedure to charge the energy storage module 23. At the same time, the control module 24 detects the voltage of the first input terminal T1. When the control module 24 determines that the voltage of the first input terminal T1 cannot reach the initial voltage value V1 within the first preset time, the control module 24 cuts off the first sub-switch SA1 and turns on the first main switch SM1. Then, the power supply PS continuously charges the energy storage module 23. The current direction of the pre-charging procedure is shown by the arrow A2 in the figure. Finally, when the voltage of the first input terminal T1 reaches a preset voltage value V2 greater than the initial voltage value V1, the pre-charging procedure is completed. At the same time, the control module 24 turns on the second main switch SM2 and cuts off the second sub-switch SA2 to complete the establishment of the high-voltage power supply. In this case, the control module 24 determines that the first sub-switch SA1 fails, so the backup mechanism is activated during the pre-charging procedure to turn on the first main switch SM1. In addition, the control module 24 also generates a first abnormal signal Bs1 after the pre-charging procedure is completed (the control module 24 can generate the above-mentioned first abnormal signal Bs1 through a warning light or a buzzer).

[0061] In another case, the control module 24 turns on the first sub-switch SA1 and the second sub-switch SA2 to execute the pre-charging procedure to charge the energy storage module 23. At the same time, the control module 24 detects the voltage of the first input terminal T1. When the control module 24 determines that the voltage of the first input terminal T1 has reached the initial voltage value V1 but cannot reach the preset voltage value V2 within the second preset time, the control module 24 cuts off the first sub-switch SA1 and turns on the first main switch SM1. Then, the power supply PS continuously charges the energy storage module 23. The current direction of the pre-charging procedure is shown by the arrow A2 in the figure. Finally, when the voltage of the first input terminal T1 reaches a preset voltage value V2 greater than the initial voltage value V1, the pre-charging procedure is completed. At the same time, the control module 24 turns on the second main switch SM2 and cuts off the second sub-switch SA2 to complete the establishment of the high-voltage power supply. Similarly, the control module 24 determines that the first sub-switch SA1 fails, so the backup mechanism is activated during the pre-charging procedure to turn on the first main switch SM1. In addition, the control module 24 also generates a first abnormal signal Bs1 after the pre-charging procedure is completed.

[0062] Of course, this embodiment is only used for illustration and not for limiting the scope of the present application. Equivalent modifications or changes made according to the electrical coupling circuit of this embodiment should still be included within the patent scope of the present application.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 5, which is the third schematic diagram of the operating state of the electrical coupling circuit according to another embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, the control module 24 turns on the first sub-switch SA1 and the second sub-switch SA2 to execute the pre-charging procedure to charge the energy storage module 23. At the same time, the control module 24 detects the voltage of the first input terminal T1. When the control module 24 determines that the voltage of the first input terminal T1 cannot reach the initial voltage value V1 within the first preset time, the control module 24 cuts off the first sub-switch SA1 and turns on the first main switch SM1. Next, when the control module 24 determines that the voltage of the first input terminal T1 still cannot reach the preset voltage value V2 within the second preset time, the control module 24 cuts off the second sub-switch SA2 and turns on the second main switch SM2, so that the power supply PS continues to charge the energy storage module 23. The current direction of the pre-charging procedure is shown by the arrow A3 in the figure. Finally, when the voltage of the first input terminal T1 reaches the preset voltage value V2 greater than the initial voltage value V1, the pre-charging procedure is completed. At the same time, the control module 24 ends the pre-charging procedure to complete the establishment of the high-voltage power supply. In this case, since the control module 24 activates the redundancy mechanism during the pre-charging procedure, it first turns on the first main switch SM1 and then turns on the second main switch SM2. Therefore, the control module 24 determines that the second sub-switch SA2 is faulty. In addition, the control module 24 also generates a first abnormal signal Bs1 after the pre-charging procedure is completed.

[0064] In another case, the control module 24 turns on the first sub-switch SA1 and the second sub-switch SA2 to execute the pre-charging procedure to charge the energy storage module 23. At the same time, the control module 24 detects the voltage of the first input terminal T1. When the control module 24 determines that the voltage of the first input terminal T1 has reached the initial voltage value V1 but cannot reach the preset voltage value V2 within the second preset time, the control module 24 cuts off the first sub-switch SA1 and turns on the first main switch SM1. Next, when the control module 24 determines that the voltage of the first input terminal T1 still cannot reach the preset voltage value V2 within the second preset time, the control module 24 cuts off the second sub-switch SA2 and turns on the second main switch SM2, so that the power supply PS continues to charge the energy storage module 23. The current direction of the pre-charging procedure is shown by the arrow A3 in the figure. Finally, when the voltage of the first input terminal T1 reaches the preset voltage value V2 greater than the initial voltage value V1, the pre-charging procedure is completed. At the same time, the control module 24 ends the pre-charging procedure to complete the establishment of the high-voltage power supply. Similarly, since the control module 24 activates the redundancy mechanism during the pre-charging procedure, it first turns on the first main switch SM1 and then turns on the second main switch SM2. Therefore, the control module 24 determines that the second sub-switch SA2 is faulty. In addition, the control module 24 also generates a first abnormal signal Bs1 after the pre-charging procedure is completed.

[0065] Of course, this embodiment is only used for illustration and not for limiting the scope of the present application. Equivalent modifications or changes made according to the electrical coupling circuit of this embodiment should still be included in the patent scope of the present application.

[0066] Please refer to Figure 6 , which is the fourth schematic diagram of the operating state of the electrical coupling circuit according to another embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, the control module 24 turns on the first sub-switch SA1 and the second sub-switch SA2 to execute a pre-charging procedure to charge the energy storage module 23. At the same time, the control module 24 detects the voltage of the first input terminal T1. When the control module 24 determines that the voltage of the first input terminal T1 cannot reach the initial voltage value V1 within the first preset time, the control module 24 turns off the first sub-switch SA1 and turns on the first main switch SM1. Next, when the control module 24 determines that the voltage of the first input terminal T1 still cannot reach the preset voltage value V2 within the second preset time, the control module 24 turns off the second sub-switch SA2 and turns on the second main switch SM2, so that the power supply PS continuously charges the energy storage module 23. Then, when the control module 24 determines that the voltage of the first input terminal T1 still cannot reach the preset voltage value V2 within the second preset time, the control module 24 turns off the first main switch SM1 and the second main switch SM2, and generates a second abnormal signal Bs2 (the control module 24 can generate the above-mentioned second abnormal signal Bs2 through a warning light or a buzzer). In this case, the control module 24 cannot complete the pre-charging procedure, so the control module 24 determines that the load TR and the power supply PS are in a reverse connection state, and generates the above-mentioned second abnormal signal Bs2 to notify the user to take necessary measures in time.

[0067] In another case, the control module 24 turns on the first sub-switch SA1 and the second sub-switch SA2 to execute a pre-charging procedure to charge the energy storage module 23. At the same time, the control module 24 detects the voltage of the first input terminal T1. When the control module 24 determines that the voltage of the first input terminal T1 has reached the initial voltage value V1 but cannot reach the preset voltage value V2 within the second preset time, the control module 24 turns off the first sub-switch SA1 and turns on the first main switch SM1. Next, when the control module 24 determines that the voltage of the first input terminal T1 still cannot reach the preset voltage value V2 within the second preset time, the control module 24 turns off the second sub-switch SA2 and turns on the second main switch SM2, so that the power supply PS continuously charges the energy storage module 23. Then, when the control module 24 determines that the voltage of the first input terminal T1 still cannot reach the preset voltage value V2 within the second preset time, the control module 24 turns off the first main switch SM1 and the second main switch SM2, and generates a second abnormal signal Bs2. Similarly, the control module 24 cannot complete the pre-charging procedure, so the control module 24 determines that the load TR and the power supply PS are in a reverse connection state, and generates the above-mentioned second abnormal signal Bs2 to notify the user to take necessary measures in time.

[0068] As can be seen from the above, the electrical coupling circuit 2 of this embodiment does not need to use a high-power and expensive reverse connection prevention diode, nor does it need to use a high-cost automotive anti-fooling connector, and can effectively prevent the power supply PS from being damaged due to reverse connection, so as to reduce the overall cost of the power supply system.

[0069] In addition, in this embodiment, the electrical coupling circuit 2 has a pre-charge circuit including a first switch module 11 and a second switch module 12. The first switch module 11 includes a first main switch SM1 and a first sub-switch SA1, and the second switch module 12 includes a second main switch SM2 and a second sub-switch SA2. The control module 24 can selectively change the switching states of the first main switch SM1, the first sub-switch SA1, the second main switch SM2, and the second sub-switch SA2 according to the voltage of the first input terminal T1, the initial voltage value V1, and the preset voltage value V2, thereby providing an effective redundancy mechanism. Therefore, the electrical coupling circuit 2 can ensure the normal operation of the power supply system. At the same time, the electrical coupling circuit 2 can generate an abnormal signal to alert the user. Therefore, the user can take necessary measures in time to prevent the power supply PS from being damaged and ensure the normal operation of the power supply system.

[0070] In addition, in this embodiment, the electrical coupling circuit 2 can combine the reverse connection protection function and an effective redundancy mechanism, so it is applicable to high-voltage power supply systems, such as various electric vehicles. In addition, the electrical coupling circuit 2 can achieve the bipolar open-circuit safety protection function. Therefore, the reliability of the electrical coupling circuit 2 can be greatly improved, and high performance can be achieved.

[0071] Of course, this embodiment is only used for illustration and does not limit the scope of the present application. Equivalent modifications or changes made according to the electrical coupling circuit of this embodiment should still be included in the patent scope of the present application.

[0072] It is worth mentioning that existing electric vehicles usually need to use high-power consumption and expensive reverse connection protection diodes or vehicle-standard anti-fool connectors to prevent power supply damage, which greatly increases the cost of the power supply system. In contrast, according to the embodiment of the present application, the electrical coupling circuit includes a first switch module, a second switch module, a capacitor, and a control module. The first switch module includes a first main switch, a first sub-switch, and a first diode. Both ends of the first switch module are respectively connected to the first electrode of the power supply and the first input terminal of the load. The second switch module includes a second main switch, a second sub-switch, and a second diode. Both ends of the second switch module are respectively connected to the second electrode of the power supply and the second input terminal of the load. Both ends of the energy storage module are respectively connected to the first input terminal and the second input terminal. The control module is connected to the first input terminal, the first switch module, and the second switch module. The first switch module can be used as a positive pre-charge circuit, and the first diode can be used as a positive reverse connection protection diode. The second switch module can be used as a negative pre-charge circuit, and the second diode can be used as a negative reverse connection protection diode. Through the above circuit design, the electrical coupling circuit can achieve the reverse connection protection function, so it can effectively prevent power supply damage and improve the service life of the power supply.

[0073] Moreover, according to an embodiment of the present application, the electrical coupling circuit has a pre-charge circuit including a first switch module and a second switch module, and can provide reverse connection protection function. Therefore, the electrical coupling circuit does not need to adopt a high-power and expensive reverse connection protection diode, nor does it need to adopt a high-cost automotive anti-fooling connector to effectively prevent the power supply from being damaged due to reverse connection. Therefore, the circuit design of the electrical coupling circuit can effectively reduce the overall cost of the power supply system and better meet the requirements of practical applications.

[0074] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present application, the electrical coupling circuit has a pre-charge circuit including a first switch module and a second switch module. The first switch module includes a first main switch and a first sub-switch, and the second switch module includes a second main switch and a second sub-switch, enabling the electrical coupling circuit to execute an effective redundancy mechanism. Therefore, the electrical coupling circuit can ensure the normal operation of the power supply system.

[0075] Furthermore, according to an embodiment of the present application, the electrical coupling circuit can combine the reverse connection protection function and an effective redundancy mechanism, so it can be applied to high-voltage power supply systems (various electric vehicles) and can achieve a bipolar open-circuit safety protection function. Therefore, the reliability of the electrical coupling circuit can be greatly improved, and high performance can be achieved.

[0076] Moreover, according to an embodiment of the present application, the electrical coupling circuit can activate the redundancy mechanism and generate a first abnormal signal when the first switch module or the second switch module is abnormal, or generate a second abnormal signal when a reverse connection of the power supply occurs to alert the user. Therefore, the user can take necessary measures in time to prevent the power supply from being damaged and ensure the normal operation of the power supply system. As can be seen from the above, the electrical coupling circuit according to the embodiment of the present application can indeed achieve excellent technical effects.

[0077] Please refer to Figure 7 , which is a flowchart of an electrical coupling method according to another embodiment of the present application; and please also refer to Figures 2 to 6。As described above, the electrical coupling circuit 2 can control the connection between the first electrode E1 of the power supply PS and one end of the energy storage module 13 through the first main switch SM1 and the first sub-switch SA1 connected in parallel with each other, and control the connection between the second electrode E2 of the power supply PS and the other end of the energy storage module 13 through the second main switch SM2 and the second sub-switch SA2 connected in parallel with each other. Both ends of the energy storage module 13 are respectively connected to the first input terminal T1 and the second input terminal T2 of the load TR. The electrical coupling circuit 2 can selectively change the switching states of the first main switch SM1, the first sub-switch SA1, the second main switch SM2, and the second sub-switch SA2 according to the voltage at the first input terminal T1, the initial voltage value V1, and a preset voltage value V2 greater than the initial voltage value V1. In this way, the electrical coupling circuit 2 can control the first main switch SM1, the first sub-switch SA1, the second main switch SM2, and the second sub-switch SA2 to charge the energy storage module 13. The electrical coupling method of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0078] Step S71: Turn on the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch to charge the energy storage module, and proceed to step S72.

[0079] Step S72: Determine whether the voltage at the first input terminal reaches the initial voltage value within the first preset time; if so, proceed to step S73; if not, proceed to step S81.

[0080] Step S73: Determine whether the voltage at the first input terminal reaches the preset voltage value within the second preset time; if so, proceed to step S74; if not, proceed to step S81.

[0081] Step S74: Turn on the first main switch and the second main switch, and cut off the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch, and proceed to step S75.

[0082] Step S75: Complete the establishment of the high-voltage power supply.

[0083] Step S81: Cut off the first sub-switch and turn on the first main switch, and proceed to step S82.

[0084] Step S82: Determine whether the voltage at the first input terminal reaches the preset voltage value within the second preset time; if so, proceed to step S83; if not, proceed to step S91.

[0085] Step S83: Turn on the second main switch and cut off the second sub-switch, and proceed to step S84.

[0086] Step S84: Generate a first abnormal signal, and proceed to step S75.

[0087] Step S91: Cut off the second sub-switch and turn on the second main switch, and proceed to step S92.

[0088] Step S92: Determine whether the voltage at the first input terminal reaches a preset voltage value within a second preset time; if so, proceed to step S84; if not, proceed to step S93.

[0089] Step S93: Cut off the first main switch and the second main switch, and proceed to step S94.

[0090] Step S94: Generate a second abnormal signal.

[0091] Certainly, this embodiment is only used for illustration and not for limiting the scope of the present application. Equivalent modifications or changes made according to the electrical coupling circuit of this embodiment should still be included within the patent scope of the present application.

[0092] Although the steps of the method described in the present application are shown and described in a specific order, the operation order of each method can be changed, certain steps can be executed in the reverse order, or certain steps can also be executed simultaneously with other steps. In another embodiment, different steps can be implemented in an intermittent and / or alternating manner.

[0093] In summary, according to the embodiments of the present application, the electrical coupling circuit includes a first switch module, a second switch module, a capacitor, and a control module. The first switch module includes a first main switch, a first sub-switch, and a first diode. The two ends of the first switch module are respectively connected to the first electrode of the power supply and the first input terminal of the load. The second switch module includes a second main switch, a second sub-switch, and a second diode. The two ends of the second switch module are respectively connected to the second electrode of the power supply and the second input terminal of the load. The two ends of the energy storage module are respectively connected to the first input terminal and the second input terminal. The control module is connected to the first input terminal, the first switch module, and the second switch module. The first switch module can be used as a positive pre-charge circuit, and the first diode can be used as a positive reverse connection prevention diode. The second switch module can be used as a negative pre-charge circuit, and the second diode can be used as a negative reverse connection prevention diode. Through the above circuit design, the electrical coupling circuit can achieve the reverse connection protection function, so it can effectively prevent the power supply from being damaged and improve the service life of the power supply.

[0094] Also, according to the embodiments of the present application, the electrical coupling circuit has a pre-charge circuit including a first switch module and a second switch module, and can provide a reverse connection protection function. Therefore, the electrical coupling circuit does not need to use high-power and expensive reverse connection prevention diodes, nor does it need to use high-cost automotive anti-fool connectors to effectively prevent the power supply from being damaged due to reverse connection. Therefore, the circuit design of the electrical coupling circuit can effectively reduce the overall cost of the power supply system and better meet the requirements of practical applications.

[0095] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present application, the electrical coupling circuit has a pre-charge circuit including a first switch module and a second switch module. The first switch module includes a first main switch and a first sub-switch, and the second switch module includes a second main switch and a second sub-switch, enabling the electrical coupling circuit to execute an effective redundancy mechanism. Therefore, the electrical coupling circuit can ensure the normal operation of the power supply system.

[0096] Furthermore, according to an embodiment of the present application, the electrical coupling circuit can combine the reverse connection protection function and an effective redundancy mechanism, so it can be applied to high-voltage power supply systems (various electric vehicles) and can achieve the bipolar open-circuit safety protection function. Therefore, the reliability of the electrical coupling circuit can be greatly improved, and high performance can be achieved.

[0097] Moreover, according to an embodiment of the present application, the electrical coupling circuit can activate the redundancy mechanism and generate a first abnormal signal when the first switch module or the second switch module is abnormal, or generate a second abnormal signal when a power reverse connection occurs to alert the user. Therefore, the user can take necessary measures in time to prevent power damage and ensure the normal operation of the power supply system.

[0098] It can be seen that the present application has indeed achieved the desired enhanced efficacy in breaking through the prior art, and it is not easily conceived by those of ordinary skill in the art who are familiar with this technology. Its progressiveness and practicality have clearly met the application elements of a patent, so a patent application is filed according to law.

[0099] The above is only illustrative and not restrictive. Any other equivalent modifications or changes made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application should be included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An electrical coupling circuit, characterized in that, it includes: A first switch module, including a first main switch and a first sub-switch, both ends of the first main switch and both ends of the first sub-switch are respectively connected to a first electrode of a power supply and a first input end of a load; A second switch module, including a second main switch and a second sub-switch, both ends of the second main switch and both ends of the second sub-switch are respectively connected to a second electrode of the power supply and a second input end of the load; An energy storage module, both ends of the energy storage module are respectively connected to the first input end and the second input end; and A control module, connected to the first input end, the first switch module and the second switch module.

2. The electrical coupling circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first switch module further includes a first resistor and a first diode, and one end of the first sub-switch is connected to the first input end through the first resistor and the first diode.

3. The electrical coupling circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, the second switch module further includes a second resistor and a second diode, and one end of the second sub-switch is connected to the second electrode through the second resistor and the second diode.

4. The electrical coupling circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, the control module turns on the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch to charge the energy storage module, and when the voltage at the first input end reaches an initial voltage value and also reaches a preset voltage value greater than the initial voltage value, the first main switch and the second main switch are turned on, and the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch are cut off.

5. The electrical coupling circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, the control module turns on the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch to charge the energy storage module, and when the voltage at the first input end cannot reach an initial voltage value, the first sub-switch is cut off and the first main switch is turned on. When the voltage at the first input end reaches the initial voltage value and also reaches a preset voltage value greater than the initial voltage value, the second main switch is turned on and then the second sub-switch is cut off, and a first abnormal signal is generated.

6. The electrical coupling circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, the control module turns on the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch to charge the energy storage module, and when the voltage at the first input end cannot reach an initial voltage value, the first sub-switch is cut off and the first main switch is turned on. When the voltage at the first input end still cannot reach a preset voltage value greater than the initial voltage value, the second sub-switch is cut off and the second main switch is turned on, and a first abnormal signal is generated when the voltage at the first input end reaches the preset voltage value.

7. The electrical coupling circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module turns on the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch to charge the energy storage module, and when the voltage at the first input terminal fails to reach an initial voltage value, it turns off the first sub-switch and turns on the first main switch. When the voltage at the first input terminal still fails to reach a preset voltage value greater than the initial voltage value, the control module turns off the second sub-switch and turns on the second main switch, and when the voltage at the first input terminal still fails to reach the preset voltage value, it turns off the first main switch and the second main switch and generates a second abnormal signal.

8. The electrical coupling circuit according to claim 1, wherein, the control module turns on the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch to charge the energy storage module, and when the voltage at the first input terminal reaches an initial voltage value but fails to reach a preset voltage value greater than the initial voltage value, it turns off the first sub-switch and turns on the first main switch. When the voltage at the first input terminal reaches the preset voltage value, the control module turns on the second main switch and then turns off the second sub-switch and generates a first abnormal signal.

9. The electrical coupling circuit according to claim 1, wherein, the control module turns on the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch to charge the energy storage module, and when the voltage at the first input terminal reaches an initial voltage value but fails to reach a preset voltage value greater than the initial voltage value, it turns off the first sub-switch and turns on the first main switch. When the voltage at the first input terminal fails to reach the preset voltage value, the control module turns off the second sub-switch and turns on the second main switch, and when the voltage at the first input terminal reaches the preset voltage value, it turns on the first main switch and then turns off the first sub-switch and generates a first abnormal signal.

10. The electrical coupling circuit according to claim 1, wherein, the control module turns on the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch to charge the energy storage module, and when the voltage at the first input terminal reaches an initial voltage value but fails to reach a preset voltage value greater than the initial voltage value, it turns off the first sub-switch and turns on the first main switch. When the voltage at the first input terminal fails to reach the preset voltage value, the control module turns off the second sub-switch and turns on the second main switch, and when the voltage at the first input terminal still fails to reach the preset voltage value, it turns off the first main switch and the second main switch and generates a second abnormal signal.

11. The electrical coupling circuit according to claim 1, wherein, the energy storage module is a capacitor.

12. An electrical coupling method, wherein, comprising: controlling the connection between a first electrode of a power supply and one end of an energy storage module through a first main switch and a first sub-switch connected in parallel; controlling the connection between a second electrode of the power supply and the other end of the energy storage module through a second main switch and a second sub-switch connected in parallel, and both ends of the energy storage module are respectively connected to a first input terminal and a second input terminal of a load; and Control the first main switch, the first sub-switch, the second main switch, and the second main switch to charge the energy storage module; and Selectively change the switching states of the first main switch, the first sub-switch, the second main switch, and the second sub-switch according to the voltage at the first input terminal, an initial voltage value, and a preset voltage value greater than the initial voltage value.

13. The electrical coupling method according to claim 12, wherein, further comprising: Turn on the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch to charge the energy storage module; and When the voltage at the first input terminal reaches the initial voltage value and also reaches the preset voltage value, turn on the first main switch and the second main switch, and cut off the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch.

14. The electrical coupling method according to claim 12, wherein, further comprising: Turn on the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch to charge the energy storage module; When the voltage at the first input terminal fails to reach the initial voltage value, cut off the first sub-switch and turn on the first main switch; When the voltage at the first input terminal reaches the initial voltage value and also reaches the preset voltage value, turn on the second main switch and then cut off the second sub-switch; and Generate a first abnormal signal.

15. The electrical coupling method according to claim 12, wherein, further comprising: Turn on the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch to charge the energy storage module; When the voltage at the first input terminal fails to reach the initial voltage value, cut off the first sub-switch and turn on the first main switch; When the voltage at the first input terminal still fails to reach the preset voltage value, cut off the second sub-switch and turn on the second main switch; and Generate a first abnormal signal when the voltage at the first input terminal reaches the preset voltage value.

16. The electrical coupling method according to claim 12, wherein, further comprising: Turn on the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch to charge the energy storage module; When the voltage at the first input terminal fails to reach the initial voltage value, cut off the first sub-switch and turn on the first main switch; When the voltage at the first input terminal still fails to reach the preset voltage value, cut off the second sub-switch and turn on the second main switch; When the voltage at the first input terminal still fails to reach the preset voltage value, cut off the first main switch and the second main switch; and Generate a second abnormal signal.

17. The electrical coupling method according to claim 12, wherein, further comprising: Turn on the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch to charge the energy storage module; When the voltage at the first input terminal reaches the initial voltage value but fails to reach the preset voltage value, cut off the first sub-switch and turn on the first main switch; The control module turns on the second main switch and then cuts off the second sub-switch when the voltage at the first input terminal reaches the preset voltage value; and Generate a first abnormal signal.

18. The electrical coupling method according to claim 12, wherein, further comprising: Turn on the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch to charge the energy storage module; When the voltage at the first input terminal reaches an initial voltage value but cannot reach a value greater than the preset voltage value, turn off the first sub-switch and turn on the first main switch; When the voltage at the first input terminal cannot reach the preset voltage value, turn off the second sub-switch and turn on the second main switch; When the voltage at the first input terminal reaches the preset voltage value, turn on the first main switch and then turn off the first sub-switch; And Generate a first abnormal signal.

19. The electrical coupling method according to claim 12, wherein, further comprising: Turn on the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch to charge the energy storage module; When the voltage at the first input terminal reaches the initial voltage value but cannot reach the preset voltage value, turn off the first sub-switch and turn on the first main switch; When the voltage at the first input terminal cannot reach the preset voltage value, turn off the second sub-switch and turn on the second main switch; When the voltage at the first input terminal still cannot reach the preset voltage value, turn off the first main switch and the second main switch; And Generate a second abnormal signal.

20. The electrical coupling method according to claim 12, wherein, One end of the first sub-switch is connected to one end of the energy storage module through a first resistor and a first diode.

21. The electrical coupling method according to claim 12, wherein, One end of the second sub-switch is connected to the second electrode through a second resistor and a second diode.

22. The electrical coupling method according to claim 12, wherein, The energy storage module is a capacitor.

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