High-specific-power evaporator

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a high-specific-power evaporator, an electric heating plate is divided into an upper heating plate and a lower heating plate, the upper heating plate and the lower heating plate are connected in a sealing manner, a cavity is formed inside the upper heating plate and the lower heating plate, an inlet square box and an outlet square box are respectively mounted at two ends of the electric heating plate and are respectively communicated with the cavity, the inlet square box is connected with an inlet pipeline, and the outlet square box is connected with an outlet pipeline. The outlet square box is connected with an outlet pipeline; fins and flow deflectors are arranged in the cavities respectively, and the flow deflectors are located on one sides of the fins and correspond to the inlet square box. A plurality of electric heating rod holes are formed in the upper heating plate and the lower heating plate, and an electric heating rod is inserted into each electric heating rod hole; the upper heating plate and the lower heating plate are respectively provided with a plurality of thermocouple mounting holes, an electric heating rod hole is arranged between two adjacent thermocouple mounting holes, and each thermocouple mounting hole is filled with a thermocouple for measuring temperature. The evaporator has the advantages of being small in size, light in weight and high in specific power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of fuel cells, and more particularly to a high specific power evaporator. Background Art

[0002] Evaporators can be classified into three types according to the operating pressure: atmospheric pressure, pressurized, and vacuum. According to the movement of the solution in the evaporator, they can be divided into: (1) Circulation type. The boiling solution passes through the heating surface multiple times in the heating chamber, such as the central circulation tube type, hanging basket type, external heating type, Levin type, and forced circulation type. (2) Once-through type. The boiling solution passes through the heating surface once in the heating chamber without circulating, and the concentrated solution is discharged immediately, such as the rising film type, falling film type, stirring thin film type, and centrifugal thin film type. (3) Direct contact type. The heating medium directly contacts the solution for heat transfer, such as the submerged combustion evaporator.

[0003] Currently, existing evaporators are large in volume and weight, and the steam temperature is relatively low, usually not exceeding 200°C, which cannot meet the usage requirements in some fields. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the problems of large volume and large weight of traditional evaporators, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high specific power evaporator.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention includes an electric heating plate, an inlet square box, an inlet pipe, an outlet square box, an outlet pipe, electric heating rods, and thermocouples. The electric heating plate is divided into an upper heating plate and a lower heating plate. The upper heating plate and the lower heating plate are hermetically connected to form a cavity inside. The inlet square box and the outlet square box are respectively installed at both ends of the electric heating plate and are respectively communicated with the cavity. An inlet pipe is connected to the inlet square box, and an outlet pipe is connected to the outlet square box. Fins and guide vanes are respectively provided in the cavity. The guide vane is located on one side of the fin and corresponds to the inlet square box. Electric heating rod holes are opened on both the upper heating plate and the lower heating plate. There are multiple electric heating rod holes, which are arranged along the length direction of the upper heating plate or the lower heating plate. Each electric heating rod hole is opened along the width direction of the upper heating plate or the lower heating plate, and an electric heating rod is inserted into each electric heating rod hole. Thermocouple installation holes are also respectively opened on the upper heating plate and the lower heating plate. There are multiple thermocouple installation holes, and an electric heating rod hole is provided between adjacent two thermocouple installation holes. A thermocouple for temperature measurement is filled in each thermocouple installation hole.

[0007] Wherein, the length direction of the electric heating plate is the same as the vertical direction. The inlet square box and the inlet pipe are located at the lower end, and the outlet square box and the outlet pipe are located at the upper end.

[0008] The electric heating rods inserted into the electric heating rod holes are divided into multiple segments. A thermocouple hole is opened on the upper heating plate or the lower heating plate between adjacent segments, and a thermocouple is filled. That is, each thermocouple is arranged at the electric heating rod with the highest temperature in the corresponding segment.

[0009] The upper heating plate and the lower heating plate have exactly the same shape and size, and are sealed on the periphery by a sealant, thereby forming the cavity inside.

[0010] The fins are serrated fins, and the serrated fins and the flow guide fins are integrally formed by vacuum brazing with the upper heating plate and the lower heating plate.

[0011] The diameter of the outlet pipe is larger than that of the inlet pipe, and the outlet pipe is provided with an outlet flange.

[0012] The inlet square box, the inlet pipe, the outlet square box and the outlet pipe are located on one side in the length direction of the electric heating plate, and fixed supports are respectively provided at both ends on the other side in the length direction of the electric heating plate.

[0013] The electric heating rod is provided with a step for positioning. The diameter of the step is larger than the aperture of the electric heating rod hole. After the electric heating rod is inserted into the electric heating rod hole, the step abuts against the end face of the electric heating plate, and the step is close to one end of the electric heating rod located outside the electric heating rod hole.

[0014] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] 1. The evaporator of the present invention is small in volume, light in weight and high in specific power.

[0016] 2. The evaporator of the present invention is vertically arranged, and the liquid-phase water can be evenly distributed after entering the evaporator.

[0017] 3. The present invention provides an inlet square box at the inlet of the electric heating plate, and a flow guide fin is provided in the cavity corresponding to the inlet, so as to achieve two-time uniform distribution of the liquid-phase water.

[0018] 4. The evaporator of the present invention is multi-segment controlled. The electric heating rods are divided into multiple segments from bottom to top, which can prevent over-adjustment of electric heating and can better control the temperature of the electric heating rods.

[0019] 5. The electric heating rod of the present invention is provided with a step, which can prevent the electric heating rod from being inserted too much into the electric heating rod hole. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper / lower heating plate of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3Schematic diagram of the zigzag fins and flow guide fins in the internal cavity of the electric heating plate of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the electric heating rod of the present invention;

[0024] Wherein: 1 is the electric heating plate, 101 is the electric heating rod hole, 102 is the thermocouple installation hole, 2 is the inlet square box, 3 is the inlet pipe, 4 is the outlet square box, 5 is the outlet pipe, 6 is the outlet flange, 7 is the fixed support, 8 is the electric heating rod, 9 is the seal, 10 is the zigzag fin, 11 is the flow guide fin, and 12 is the step. Specific embodiments

[0025] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the present invention includes an electric heating plate 1, an inlet square box 2, an inlet pipe 3, an outlet square box 4, an outlet pipe 5, an electric heating rod 8 and a thermocouple. The electric heating plate 1 is divided into an upper heating plate and a lower heating plate, which are hermetically connected and form a cavity inside. The inlet square box 2 and the outlet square box 4 are respectively installed at both ends of the electric heating plate 1 and are respectively communicated with the cavity. The inlet pipe 2 is connected to the inlet square box 2, and the outlet pipe 5 is connected to the outlet square box 4; fins and flow guide fins 11 are respectively provided in the cavity, and the flow guide fins 11 are located on one side of the fins and correspond to the inlet square box 2; electric heating rod holes 101 are opened on both the upper heating plate and the lower heating plate. There are multiple electric heating rod holes 101, which are arranged along the length direction of the upper heating plate or the lower heating plate. Each electric heating rod hole 101 is opened along the width direction of the upper heating plate or the lower heating plate, and an electric heating rod 8 is inserted into each electric heating rod hole 101; thermocouple installation holes 102 are also respectively opened on the upper heating plate and the lower heating plate. There are multiple thermocouple installation holes 102, and an electric heating rod hole 101 is provided between adjacent two thermocouple installation holes 102. A thermocouple for temperature measurement is filled in each thermocouple installation hole 102.

[0027] The high specific power evaporator of this embodiment is vertically arranged, that is, the length direction of the electric heating plate 1 is the same as the vertical direction. The inlet square box 2 and the inlet pipe 3 are located at the lower end, and the outlet square box 4 and the outlet pipe 5 are located at the upper end; the liquid-phase water enters the cavity through the inlet pipe 3 and the inlet square box 2, and the gas phase is discharged through the outlet square box 4 and the outlet pipe 5, so that the liquid-phase water can be evenly distributed after entering the evaporator.

[0028] In this embodiment, the upper heating plate and the lower heating plate have exactly the same shape and size. The upper heating plate and the lower heating plate are both rectangular plates and are sealed on the periphery by a seal 9 to form a cavity inside.

[0029] In this embodiment, the number of the electric heating rod holes 101 formed in the upper heating plate along the length direction is the same as that of the electric heating rod holes 101 formed in the lower heating plate along the length direction, and they are in one-to-one correspondence. Each electric heating rod hole 101 is a through hole.

[0030] In this embodiment, the electric heating rod 8 inserted into the electric heating rod hole 101 is divided into multiple segments from bottom to top. A thermocouple hole 102 is formed in the upper heating plate or the lower heating plate between adjacent segments, and a thermocouple is filled. That is, each thermocouple is arranged at the electric heating rod 8 with the highest temperature in the corresponding segment. The number of segments divided by the electric heating rod 8 is the same as the number of thermocouples. In this way, overshoot of electric heating can be prevented, and the heating temperature of each segment of the electric heating rod 8 can be better controlled.

[0031] The fins in this embodiment are serrated fins 10. The serrated fins 10 and the flow guide fins 11 are integrally formed with the upper heating plate and the lower heating plate by vacuum brazing.

[0032] In this embodiment, the inlet square box 2, the inlet pipe 3, the outlet square box 4 and the outlet pipe 5 are located on one side of the electric heating plate 1 in the length direction. Fixed supports 7 are respectively provided at both ends on the other side of the electric heating plate 1 in the length direction. The evaporator is connected and fixed to other components through the fixed supports 7.

[0033] In this embodiment, the inlet is liquid water, the inlet pipe 3 is thinner, the outlet is gas, and the outlet pipe 5 is thicker. That is, the diameter of the outlet pipe 5 is larger than that of the inlet pipe 3. In view of the higher temperature at the outlet, usually exceeding 400 °C, an outlet flange 6 is provided on the outlet pipe 5 and is connected by the outlet flange 6.

[0034] As Figure 1 and Figure 4 shown, a step 12 for positioning is provided on the electric heating rod 8 in this embodiment. The diameter of the step 12 is larger than the aperture of the electric heating rod hole 101. After the electric heating rod 8 is inserted into the electric heating rod hole 101, the step 12 abuts against the end face of the electric heating plate 1. The step 12 is close to one end of the electric heating rod 8 located outside the electric heating rod hole 101 to prevent the electric heating rod 8 from extending too far into the electric heating rod hole 101 and causing the wire to melt due to high temperature.

[0035] During the use process:

[0036] In the first step, the electric heating rod 8 is started, and each segment is controlled separately. According to different usage temperature requirements, different temperatures can be controlled for each segment respectively. The temperature of the lower part is controlled lower, and the temperature of the upper part is controlled higher. Generally speaking, from bottom to top, the controlled temperature gradually increases.

[0037] In the second step, the liquid water enters the inlet square box 2 from the inlet pipe 3, is dispersed once through the inlet square box 2, and then is dispersed twice through the flow guide fins 11.

[0038] In the third step, the liquid water in the cavity gradually heats up from bottom to top; after being heated in multiple stages, the water undergoes a phase change at a certain position therein to generate water vapor, and the water vapor continues to absorb the heat generated by the electric heating, and the temperature of the water continues to rise; finally, the actual required temperature is reached at the outlet.

[0039] The specific power of the evaporator of the present invention can reach 2100 W / kg.

Claims

1. A high specific power evaporator, characterized in that: It includes an electric heating plate (1), an inlet square box (2), an inlet pipe (3), an outlet square box (4), an outlet pipe (5), electric heating rods (8) and thermocouples. The electric heating plate (1) is divided into an upper heating plate and a lower heating plate. The upper heating plate and the lower heating plate are hermetically connected and form a cavity inside. The inlet square box (2) and the outlet square box (4) are respectively installed at both ends of the electric heating plate (1) and are respectively communicated with the cavity. The inlet square box (2) is connected with an inlet pipe (2), and the outlet square box (4) is connected with an outlet pipe (5); fins and a flow guiding piece (11) are respectively arranged in the cavity. The flow guiding piece (11) is located on one side of the fins and corresponds to the inlet square box (2); Electric heating rod holes (101) are formed in both the upper heating plate and the lower heating plate. There are multiple electric heating rod holes (101), which are arranged along the length direction of the upper heating plate or the lower heating plate. Each electric heating rod hole (101) is opened along the width direction of the upper heating plate or the lower heating plate. An electric heating rod (8) is inserted into each electric heating rod hole (101); Thermocouple installation holes (102) are respectively formed in the upper heating plate and the lower heating plate. There are multiple thermocouple installation holes (102). An electric heating rod hole (101) is arranged between two adjacent thermocouple installation holes (102). A thermocouple for temperature measurement is filled in each thermocouple installation hole (102).

2. The high specific power evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high specific power evaporator is vertically arranged, that is, the length direction of the electric heating plate (1) is the same as the vertical direction. The inlet square box (2) and the inlet pipe (3) are located at the lower end, and the outlet square box (4) and the outlet pipe (5) are located at the upper end.

3. The high specific power evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric heating rods (8) inserted into the electric heating rod holes (101) are divided into multiple sections. A thermocouple hole (102) is formed in the upper heating plate or the lower heating plate between adjacent sections, and a thermocouple is filled, that is, each thermocouple is arranged at the position of the electric heating rod (8) with the highest temperature in the corresponding section.

4. The high specific power evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper heating plate and the lower heating plate have exactly the same shape and size and are hermetically sealed at the periphery by a seal (9), thereby forming the cavity inside.

5. The high specific power evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fins are serrated fins (10), and the serrated fins (10) and the flow guiding piece (11) are formed by vacuum brazing welding with the upper heating plate and the lower heating plate.

6. The high specific power evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the outlet pipe (5) is larger than that of the inlet pipe (3), and the outlet pipe (5) is provided with an outlet flange (6).

7. The high specific power evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet square box (2), the inlet pipe (3), the outlet square box (4) and the outlet pipe (5) are located on one side of the length direction of the electric heating plate (1), and fixed supports (7) are respectively arranged at both ends on the other side of the length direction of the electric heating plate (1).

8. The high specific power evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric heating rod (8) is provided with a step (12) for positioning. The diameter of the step (12) is larger than the aperture of the electric heating rod hole (101). After the electric heating rod (8) is inserted into the electric heating rod hole (101), the step (12) abuts against the end face of the electric heating plate (1). The step (12) is close to the end of the electric heating rod (8) located outside the electric heating rod hole (101).

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