Main shaft fluted disc assembling and adjusting method and assembling and adjusting tool

Abstract

The invention discloses a spindle fluted disc assembling and adjusting tool which comprises a supporting base, a detector, a detection vehicle tool and a control device. The supporting seat is used for mounting a spindle component; the detection vehicle tool is installed on the main shaft component, a first precision detection surface is arranged on the detection vehicle tool, and a second precision detection surface is arranged on the main shaft component; the detector detects the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface. Before the main shaft is mounted on a machine ram, the angular positions of a fixed fluted disc and a rotary fluted disc of the main shaft are adjusted; the invention further discloses a spindle fluted disc assembling and adjusting method, the spindle is assembled and adjusted so as to eliminate the influence of angular position deviation of the fixed fluted disc and the rotary fluted disc, and the influence of a gap between a spindle high-low key and a cutter key groove on the angular position is weakened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of machining equipment, and in particular to a method and a tooling for assembling and adjusting a spindle gear disk. Background Art

[0002] A turning-milling compound machining center is a numerically controlled machine tool integrating turning and milling functions, and has the core technical advantages of both a numerically controlled lathe and a machining center. Compared with the conventional numerical control machining process, the outstanding advantages of turning-milling compound machining are mainly manifested in the following aspects: 1. Shorten the product manufacturing process chain and improve production efficiency. Multiple special tools can be installed, and with a new tool arrangement, the tool change time is reduced. The turning-milling compound machining can complete all or most of the machining processes in one clamping, thus significantly shortening the product manufacturing process chain. On the one hand, this reduces the production auxiliary time caused by the change of clamping, and at the same time reduces the manufacturing cycle and waiting time of the tooling fixtures, and can significantly improve production efficiency.

[0003] 2. Reduce the number of clamps and improve machining accuracy. The reduction of the number of clamps avoids the error accumulation caused by the conversion of the positioning reference. At the same time, most of the turning-milling compound machining equipment has the function of on-line detection, which can realize the in-situ detection and accuracy control of the key data in the manufacturing process, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the product.

[0004] When the turning-milling compound machining center is in the milling state, the spindle can rotate; when in the turning state, the spindle is locked to make it immobile. When converting from the milling state to the turning state, the spindle will be locked at the angular position required by the process, such as: locked at positions such as the relative zero position, 45° position, 90° position, and 135° position, etc. At this time, if the position of the turning tool tip deviates, it will affect the machining accuracy. Therefore, it is necessary to design a tooling for assembling and adjusting the spindle gear disk for the assembly and adjustment of the spindle. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method and a tooling for assembling and adjusting a spindle gear disk to solve the above technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is: A tooling for assembling and adjusting a spindle gear disk, comprising: a support base, a detector, a detection turning tool, and a control device; The support base is detachably installed on the detection platform, and the support base is used for installing the spindle component after assembling the gear disk type locking structure; The detection turning tool is installed on the spindle component; a first precision detection surface is provided on the detection turning tool, and a second precision detection surface is provided on the spindle component; The control device is connected to the spindle component to control the tool clamping, tool pulling, and locking actions of the spindle; The detector detects the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface.

[0007] Preferably, the support seat has a connecting surface, the end face of the mounting flange on the front bearing sleeve of the main shaft abuts against the connecting surface of the support seat for positioning, and the mounting flange and the support seat are connected by a fixing component; the second precision detection surface is opened on the outer periphery of the mounting flange and is perpendicular to the end face of the mounting flange.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes a moving component, which is installed on the support seat and is used to drive the detector to move in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the spindle component and parallel to the second precision detection surface.

[0009] Preferably, the moving assembly comprises a guide rail and a slider, the guide rail is mounted on the support seat, and the slider slides on the guide rail; the detector is mounted on the slider.

[0010] Preferably, a clearance space is opened on the support seat, the tail end of the core shaft of the main shaft component is located in the clearance space or passes through the clearance space, and the fixing screws of the fixed gear plate of the main shaft and the front bearing sleeve correspond to the openings at both ends of the clearance space, so that the fixing screws of the fixed gear plate and the front bearing sleeve can be extended from the opening of the clearance space away from the fixed gear plate to loosen and lock the fixing screws of the fixed gear plate and the front bearing sleeve.

[0011] A spindle gear adjustment method is provided, wherein a spindle gear adjustment tool is used to adjust the spindle, and the method comprises the following steps: S1. Connect the spindle component after assembling the gear disc type locking structure to the spindle gear disc assembly and adjustment tool; S2. Adjust the second precision detection surface to be parallel to the plane of the detection platform; S3, obtaining a deviation a of the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface when the detection turning tool is in an intermediate position between the first extreme position and the second extreme position; S4, adjusting the locking structure according to the deviation a so that the first precision detection surface of the detection turning tool is parallel to the second precision detection surface when the detection turning tool is in the middle position between the first extreme position and the second extreme position; S5. Remove the spindle assembly from the spindle gear adjustment tool.

[0012] Preferably, step S2 specifically includes the following steps: S21, the moving component drives the detector to move to detect the parallelism of the second precision detection surface relative to the plane of the detection platform; S22, loosening the spindle component and the spindle gear disc mounting and adjusting tooling, rotating the spindle component according to the parallelism detection result of step S21 to adjust the angular position of the second precision detection surface, and locking the spindle component and the spindle gear disc mounting and adjusting tooling; S23, repeating steps S21-S22 until the second precision detection surface is adjusted to be parallel to the plane of the detection platform.

[0013] Preferably, step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S31. The spindle component is locked at the relative zero position; S32. The inspection turning tool is docked onto the spindle component, and the inspection turning tool is rotated in one direction to the first limit position, and the spindle component pulls the tool; S33. In the state of the first limit position, the moving component drives the detector to move to detect the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface; S34. The spindle component ejects the tool, and the inspection turning tool is rotated in the opposite direction to the second limit position in step S32, and the spindle component pulls the tool; S35. In the state of the second limit position, the moving component drives the detector to move to detect the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface; S36. According to the detection results of the inspection turning tool in the first limit position and the second limit position, obtain the deviation a of the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface in the intermediate position state between the first limit position and the second limit position of the inspection turning tool.

[0014] Preferably, step S4 specifically includes the following steps: S41. Loosen the fixing screw of the fixed gear disk and the front bearing sleeve, rotate the fixed gear disk according to the deviation a to eliminate the deviation a, and lock the fixing screw of the fixed gear disk and the front bearing sleeve; S42. After the spindle component makes at least one loosening and locking action at the relative zero position, repeat steps S32 - S36 to obtain a new deviation a; determine whether the deviation a is 0, if so, enter step S5; if not, enter step S43; S43. Determine whether the fixed gear disk has rotated to the limit, if so, enter step S44, if not, repeat steps S41 - S42; S44. Loosen the fixing screw of the rotating gear disk and the mandrel, rotate the rotating gear disk according to the deviation a to eliminate the deviation a, and lock the fixing screw of the rotating gear disk and the mandrel; S45. After the spindle component makes at least one loosening and locking action at the relative zero position, repeat steps S32 - S36.

[0015] Preferably, after step S5, angular position adjustment for locking the relative zero position of the spindle on the whole machine is also performed, which specifically includes the following steps: S6. Complete the remaining processes after the spindle assembly locking structure, install the assembled spindle onto the ram, and install a detector on the machine tool workbench; S7. Adjust the first precision detection surface to be parallel to the linear axis direction Ⅰ of the machine tool horizontal; S71. The main shaft is locked at the relative zero position; S72. Connect the inspection turning tool to the main shaft, rotate the inspection turning tool in one direction to the third limit position, and the main shaft pulls the tool; S73. In the state of the third limit position, the machine tool drives the inspection turning tool to move along the linear axis direction I, and the detector detects the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the linear axis direction I of the machine tool; S74. The main shaft ejects the tool, rotates the inspection turning tool in the opposite direction to the fourth limit position in step S72, and the main shaft pulls the tool; S75. In the state of the fourth limit position, the machine tool drives the inspection turning tool to move along the linear axis direction I, and the detector detects the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the linear axis direction I of the machine tool; S76. According to the detection results of the inspection turning tool in the third limit position and the fourth limit position, obtain the deviation A of the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the linear axis direction I of the machine tool in the intermediate position state between the third limit position and the fourth limit position of the inspection turning tool; S77. Loosen the fixing screw of the mounting flange and the ram, rotate the main shaft according to the deviation A to eliminate the deviation A, and lock the fixing screw of the mounting flange and the ram; S78. Repeat steps S72 - S76 to obtain a new deviation A; determine whether the deviation A is 0, if so, enter step S8; if not, repeat step S77; S8. Complete the angular position adjustment of the main shaft locked at the relative zero position on the whole machine.

[0016] Beneficial effects:

[0017] First, a main shaft gear disk adjustment tooling disclosed in the present application can simulate the installation of the main shaft on the machine tool ram, and realize the adjustment of the angular positions of the fixed gear disk and the rotating gear disk of the main shaft before installing the main shaft on the machine tool ram, so as to ensure the subsequent adjustment after installing the main shaft on the machine tool ram, and finally ensure the position accuracy of the tool tip point of the turning tool when the main shaft is locked at the relative zero position.

[0018] A main shaft gear disk adjustment method disclosed in the present application uses the main shaft gear disk adjustment tooling to adjust the main shaft before installing the main shaft on the machine tool ram, eliminates the influence of the angular position deviation between the fixed gear disk and the rotating gear disk, and weakens the influence of the clearance between the high and low keys of the main shaft positioning tool and the tool key groove on the angular position of the main shaft. Description of the drawings

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a spindle gear disc installation and adjustment tool disclosed in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a spindle gear disc installation and adjustment tool disclosed in Example 1 of the present invention without a detector; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of B in the middle; Figure 4 It is a front view of a spindle gear disc installation and adjustment tool disclosed in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the detection results of the first precision detection surface of the turning tool at the third limit position and the fourth limit position in a spindle gear adjustment method disclosed in Example 2 of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the detection results of the first precision detection surface of the turning tool at the third limit position and the fourth limit position in a spindle gear adjustment method disclosed in Example 2 of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the detection results of the first precision detection surface of the turning tool at the third limit position and the fourth limit position in a spindle gear adjustment method disclosed in Example 2 of the present invention Figure 3 .

[0021] 1. Support seat; 11. Connection surface; 12. First guide rail mounting surface; 13. Second guide rail mounting surface; 2. Moving assembly; 21. Guide rail; 22. Slider; 3. Detector; 31. Base; 32. Micrometer; 4. Detection tool; 41. First precision detection surface; 51. Mandrel; 52. Front bearing sleeve; 521. Second precision detection surface; 53. Mounting flange; 54. Fixed toothed disc; 55. Rotating toothed disc; 56. Piston toothed disc; 6. Make room. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] Combined with Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, after the spindle of the existing turning-milling compound machining center switches from the milling state to the turning state, it is locked at the relative zero position through a locking structure. The spindle includes a core shaft 51, a front bearing sleeve 52, and a locking structure. A bearing is installed between the core shaft 51 and the front bearing sleeve 52; an installation flange 53 is provided on the front bearing sleeve 52, and a set of through holes are provided on the circumference of the installation flange 53, and this set of through holes corresponds to a set of screw holes on the machine tool ram for connecting the spindle and the machine tool ram through screws. The common tooth disc type locking structure includes a rotating tooth disc 55 coaxially fixed on the core shaft 51 through fixing screws, a fixed tooth disc 54 coaxially fixed on the front bearing sleeve 52 through fixing screws, and a piston tooth disc 56 installed at the piston cavity of the front bearing sleeve 52; the fixed tooth disc 54 is located outside the rotating tooth disc 55, the piston tooth disc 56 corresponds to the fixed tooth disc 54 and the rotating tooth disc 55, and the piston tooth disc 56 clamps the fixed tooth disc 54 and the rotating tooth disc 55 to realize the locking of the core shaft 51. The locking structures of the existing spindle include forms such as at the front end, middle position, and tail end of the spindle. The locking structure in the front-end form is located at the front end of the front bearing of the spindle, the locking structure in the tail-end form is located at the rear end of the rear bearing of the spindle, and the locking structure in the middle-position form is located between the front bearing and the rear bearing of the spindle. Figure 1 As shown is the locking structure in the middle-position form. The core shaft 51 of the spindle is provided with high and low keys. The high and low keys are two relatively arranged positioning keys. The high and low keys cooperate with the two key grooves of the tool shank to position the tool, and then the tool clamping and pulling are realized through the tool pulling mechanism arranged in the core shaft 51.

[0024] The spindle component mentioned below refers to the state in which the tooth disc type locking structure is assembled in the spindle assembly. There are differences in the corresponding spindle assembly situations of the spindle components with different forms such as the front end, middle position, and tail end of the spindle. This application can be adjusted after the tooth disc type locking structure of the spindle is assembled, and it is not necessary to wait until the spindle assembly is completed.

[0025] Embodiment 1:

[0026] A spindle tooth disc adjustment and installation tool, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, it includes: a support seat 1, a detector 3, a detection turning tool 4 and a control device; the support seat 1 is detachably mounted on the detection platform, and the support seat 1 is used to install the spindle component after the gear-disc locking structure is assembled to simulate the state of the spindle being installed on the machine tool slide. The detection turning tool 4 is installed on the spindle component to simulate the installation of the turning tool on the spindle; the detection turning tool 4 is provided with a first precision detection surface 41, and the spindle component is provided with a second precision detection surface 521; the control device is connected to the spindle component to control the tooling, broaching and locking actions of the spindle; the detector 3 detects the parallelism of the first precision detection surface 41 relative to the second precision detection surface 521.

[0027] After the support seat 1 is installed on the detection platform, it provides the installation reference and support for the other components. The spindle component is installed on the support seat 1 to simulate the installation of the spindle on the machine tool slide. The first precision detection surface 41 and the second precision detection surface 521 are tested for parallelism by the detector 3, so as to assist in determining the deviation of the angular position of the spindle component. Then, the fixed toothed disc and the rotating toothed disc of the spindle component are adjusted according to the deviation to perform preliminary adjustment to eliminate the influence of the angular position deviation of the fixed toothed disc and the rotating toothed disc, thereby eliminating the angular position deviation of the high and low keys relative to the second precision detection surface 521 when the piston toothed disc 56 is engaged with the fixed toothed disc 54 and the rotating toothed disc 55, and further eliminating the influence of the accuracy of the internal locking structure of the spindle on the position of the tool tip when the spindle component is locked at the relative zero position. After the spindle component after preliminary adjustment is subsequently installed on the machine tool slide, the subsequent adjustment of the spindle component can ensure the position accuracy of the tool tip when the spindle component is locked at the relative zero position.

[0028] Preferably, the support seat 1 has a connecting surface 11, the end face of the mounting flange 53 on the front bearing sleeve 52 of the spindle component abuts against the connecting surface 11 of the support seat 1 for positioning, and the mounting flange 53 and the support seat 1 are connected by a fixing component; the second precision detection surface 521 is opened on the outer periphery of the mounting flange 53 and is perpendicular to the end face of the mounting flange 53.

[0029] Preferably, the support seat 1 has a connection surface 11, and a clearance space 6 is provided on the support seat 1. The tail end of the core shaft 51 of the spindle component is located in the clearance space 6 or passes through the clearance space 6. The end face of the mounting flange 53 on the front bearing sleeve 52 of the spindle component abuts against the connection surface 11 of the support seat 1 for positioning, and the mounting flange 53 and the support seat 1 are connected by a first set of screws to simulate the spindle component being installed on the machine tool slide. The connection surface 11 is a finely machined surface to ensure positioning after abutting against the end face of the mounting flange 53. The mounting flange 53 and the support seat 1 are connected by a first set of screws to simulate the state of the spindle component being installed on the machine tool slide, thereby facilitating detection and adjustment. The fixing assembly can also use a pressure plate to achieve a detachable connection between the mounting flange 53 and the support seat 1.

[0030] Specifically, the lower end of the support seat 1 is fixedly mounted on the detection platform by a second set of screws. A group of threaded holes surrounding the clearance space 6 are opened on the connecting surface 11 of the support seat 1. The group of threaded holes corresponds to a group of through holes opened on the mounting flange 53. After the first group of screws pass through a group of through holes and a group of threaded holes, the spindle component is installed on the support seat 1.

[0031] Specifically, a second precision detection surface 521 is opened on the front bearing sleeve 52 of the spindle component. During processing, the second precision detection surface 521 is a reference surface for a group of through holes on the mounting flange 53 and the mounting threaded holes of each gear disc, thereby ensuring the position of the spindle component installed on the machine tool slide.

[0032] Specifically, the connection surface 11 is perpendicular to the plane of the detection platform, so that the spindle component is installed horizontally, so as to facilitate the installation of the spindle component and the detection turning tool 4, the stable movement of the detector 3 driven by the moving assembly 2, the detection of the first precision detection surface 41 and the second precision detection surface 521 by the detector 3, and the rotation adjustment of the spindle component. In this embodiment, the detector 3 adopts a micrometer.

[0033] Preferably, it also includes a moving component 2 which is mounted on the support seat 1 and is used to drive the detector 3 to move along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the spindle component and parallel to the second precision detection surface 521 .

[0034] Preferably, the moving assembly 2 comprises a guide rail 21 and a slider 22. The guide rail 21 is mounted on the support base 1, and the slider 22 slides on the guide rail 21; the detector 3 is mounted on the slider 22. The moving assembly 2 may also adopt other forms of high-precision guide devices.

[0035] Preferably, the moving assembly 2 includes a guide rail 21 and a slider 22, the guide rail 21 is mounted on the support base 1, and the slider 22 slides on the guide rail 21; the detector 3 includes a base 31 and a micrometer 32, the base 31 is mounted on the slider 22, and the micrometer 32 is mounted on the base 31. The micrometer 32 ensures the linear motion accuracy of the micrometer 32 during the detection process by mounting the base 31 on the slider 22 and utilizing the guiding effect of the guide rail 21 and the slider 22. In this embodiment, the base 31 adopts a high-precision universal magnetic base to facilitate adjustment of the micrometer 32 to detect the first precision detection surface 41 and the second precision detection surface 521.

[0036] Specifically, the guide rail 21 may be installed in a slotted embedded manner, a side gasket manner, a positioning pin manner, or the like.

[0037] Preferably, the support base 1 has a first guide rail mounting surface 12 perpendicular to the connection surface 11 and a second guide rail mounting surface 13 parallel to the connection surface 11; the guide rail 21 is mounted and positioned through the first guide rail mounting surface 12 and the second guide rail mounting surface 13 to ensure the mounting accuracy of the guide rail 21 relative to the connection surface 11. Thus, after the spindle component is mounted on the support base 1 through the mounting flange 53, the position accuracy of the guide rail 21 relative to the spindle component is ensured.

[0038] Specifically, the upper surface of the support base 1 is provided with a step for mounting and positioning the guide rail 21. The first guide rail mounting surface 12 and the second guide rail mounting surface 13 are respectively the horizontal plane and the vertical plane of the step; the bottom surface of the guide rail 21 abuts against the first guide rail mounting surface 12, the guide rail 21 is fixed on the first guide rail mounting surface 12, and the side surface of the guide rail 21 abuts against the second guide rail mounting surface 13. The positioning of the guide rail 21 is realized through the first guide rail mounting surface 12 parallel to the detection platform plane and the second guide rail mounting surface 13 parallel to the connection surface 11, ensuring the horizontal movement of the dial indicator 32 to ensure the positional relationship between the moving direction of the dial indicator 32 and the relative zero position of the spindle component, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the parallelism detection reference.

[0039] Preferably, a relief space 6 is provided on the support base 1. The tail end of the mandrel 51 of the spindle component is located inside the relief space 6 or passes through the relief space 6. The fixed tooth disc 54 of the spindle component and the fixing screw of the front bearing sleeve 52 correspond to the two ends of the opening of the relief space 6, so that the fixing screw for loosening and locking the fixed tooth disc 54 and the front bearing sleeve 52 can be inserted from the opening of the relief space 6 far away from the fixed tooth disc 54. The relief space 6 enables the fixed tooth disc 54 of the locking structure in the intermediate position form to be adjusted even when the spindle component is mounted on the spindle tooth disc adjustment tooling, and can reduce the disassembly operation.

[0040] Specifically, the relief space 6 is formed by a stepped through hole opened from the connection surface 11 of the support base 1 to the opposite side. Circular openings are formed at one end of the connection surface 11 and the opposite side of the connection surface 11 of the relief space 6, and the tail end of the mandrel 51 passes through the relief space 6. The fixed tooth disc 54 is located within the opening range of the relief space 6 to prevent the support base 1 from blocking the fixed tooth disc 54, enabling the operator to insert a tool from the opening of the relief space 6 on the opposite side of the connection surface 11 to loosen and tighten the fixing screw of the fixed tooth disc 54 and the front bearing sleeve 52. It is convenient to loosen the fixing screw of the fixed tooth disc 54 and the front bearing sleeve 52 after detection and rotate the fixed tooth disc 54 for adjustment.

[0041] Embodiment 2:

[0042] A method for adjusting a spindle tooth disc uses a spindle tooth disc adjustment tooling in Embodiment 1 to adjust the spindle, including the following steps: S1. Install the spindle gear disc adjustment tooling on the inspection platform, and connect the spindle component with the assembled gear disc type locking structure to the spindle gear disc adjustment tooling. The specific steps include S11 - S14; S11. Fix the support base on the inspection platform through the second group of screws, and adjust the support base so that the first guide rail mounting surface is parallel to the plane of the inspection platform; S12. After replacing the bearings in the spindle component with process bearings, assemble the spindle to prevent damage to the bearings during disassembly; abut the end face of the mounting flange of the assembled spindle component against the connection surface and align a set of through holes on the mounting flange with a set of threaded holes on the connection surface, and install the spindle component on the support base through the first group of screws; S13. Adsorb the dial indicator base on the slider, and install the dial indicator on the dial indicator base; S14. Connect the spindle component to the control device to ensure that the spindle component can perform tool change, tool withdrawal, rotation and locking actions.

[0043] S2. Adjust the second precision detection surface to be parallel to the plane of the inspection platform. The specific steps include S21 - S23.

[0044] S21. The moving component drives the detector to move to detect the parallelism of the second precision detection surface relative to the plane of the inspection platform; specifically, first press the probe of the dial indicator against the second precision detection surface, and zero the dial indicator, then drag the dial indicator base to drive the dial indicator to move to measure the second precision detection surface and observe the change amount of the dial indicator; S22. Loosen the fixing screws of the mounting flange of the spindle component and the support base of the spindle gear disc adjustment tooling, and rotate the spindle component according to the parallelism detection result in step S21 to adjust the angular position of the second precision detection surface, and lock the fixing screws of the mounting flange and the support base; specifically, after loosening the fixing screws of the mounting flange and the support base, first judge the inclination direction of the second precision detection surface according to the change amount of the dial indicator in step S21, then rotate the spindle component in the opposite direction and determine the rotation angle according to the absolute value of the change amount, and then lock the fixing screws of the mounting flange and the support base to ensure the fixation of the spindle; S23. Repeat steps S21 - S22 until the second precision detection surface is adjusted to be parallel to the plane of the inspection platform.

[0045] S3. Obtain the deviation a of the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface in the intermediate position state of the detection tool bit at the first limit position and the second limit position. The specific steps include S31 - S36.

[0046] S31. Manually rotate the mandrel so that the high-low key is basically perpendicular to the second precision detection surface (i.e., the first precision detection surface for detecting the turning tool is basically parallel to the second precision detection surface). The control device controls the piston gear disc to clamp the fixed gear disc and the rotating gear disc, and the main shaft is locked at the relative zero position. The control device can be in the form of manually operating the hydraulic station to achieve the locking action of the main shaft. Since a set of through holes on the mounting flange, the mounting threaded holes of the piston gear disc and the fixed gear disc are based on the second precision detection surface, and the mounting threaded holes of the rotating gear disc and the high-low key of the mandrel ensure the position accuracy during machining, after the main shaft is locked at the relative zero position, the high-low key ensures the position accuracy relative to the second precision detection surface through the rotating gear disc, the fixed gear disc, the piston gear disc and the front bearing sleeve. Also, due to the limitation of the number of teeth on the locking structure gear disc, the error generated by the rotating gear disc deviating by one tooth is large and significantly different from the deviation generated by the comprehensive machining errors of the main shaft assembly and each part. When manually turning to the relative zero position, the high-low key and the first precision detection surface can be observed with the naked eye, or a dial indicator can be used to measure the first precision detection surface to determine whether the rotation is in place, avoiding the situation where manual rotation is not in place. S32. Connect the detection turning tool to the main shaft component with the first precision detection surface facing up. After the high-low key of the mandrel is engaged with the keyway of the tool shank, there is a certain gap on both sides. Rotate the detection turning tool in one direction to the first limit position. In this embodiment, the first limit position is the position where the high-low key abuts against the keyway in the clockwise direction to eliminate the gap, and the main shaft pulls the tool. S33. In the state of the first limit position, the moving component drives the detector to move to detect the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface. Specifically, first, make the probe of the dial indicator touch the first precision detection surface and zero the dial indicator. Then, drag the dial base to drive the dial indicator to move and measure the first precision detection surface and observe the change of the dial indicator to detect the parallelism deviation a1 of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface. And it is set that the pointer of the dial indicator rotates clockwise as positive and counterclockwise as negative during the measurement. S34. The main shaft component ejects the tool, and rotate the detection turning tool in the opposite direction to the second limit position in step S32. In this embodiment, the second limit position is the position where the high-low key abuts against the keyway in the counterclockwise direction to eliminate the gap, and the main shaft component pulls the tool. S35. In the state of the second limit position, the moving component drives the detector to move to detect the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface. The dial indicator moves to measure the first precision detection surface to detect the parallelism deviation a2 of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface, and its positive and negative settings are consistent with the previous steps. S36. According to the detection results of the turning tool in the first extreme position and the second extreme position, the deviation a of the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface when the turning tool is in the intermediate position between the first extreme position and the second extreme position is calculated by the formula a=(a1+a2) / 2.

[0047] S4, adjusting the locking structure according to the deviation a so that the first precision detection surface of the detection turning tool is parallel to the second precision detection surface when the detection turning tool is in the middle position between the first extreme position and the second extreme position. The specific steps include S41-S45.

[0048] S41, reaching into the opening of the clearance space on the side of the connection surface to loosen the fixing screws of the fixed toothed disc and the front bearing sleeve, rotating the fixed toothed disc according to the deviation a to eliminate the deviation a, and tightening the fixing screws of the fixed toothed disc and the front bearing sleeve; specifically, after loosening the fixing screws of the fixed toothed disc and the front bearing sleeve, firstly determine the inclination direction of the first precision detection surface according to the positive or negative value of the deviation a, then rotate the fixed toothed disc in the opposite direction and determine the size of the rotation angle according to the absolute value of the deviation a, and then tighten the fixing screws of the fixed toothed disc and the front bearing sleeve; S42. After the spindle component is loosened and locked at least once relative to the zero point, confirm that the piston gear disc movement is normal, repeat steps S32-S36 to obtain the updated deviation a; determine whether the deviation a is 0, if so, proceed to step S5; if not, proceed to step S43. Ideally, only the fixed gear disc needs to be rotated to achieve leveling of the first precision detection surface.

[0049] S43, determining whether the fixed sprocket has been rotated to the limit, if so, proceeding to step S44, if not, repeating steps S41-S42; if the fixed sprocket has been rotated to the limit, when the fixing screws of the fixed sprocket and the front bearing sleeve hinder the rotation of the fixed sprocket, it is necessary to adjust the angular position of the rotating sprocket on the spindle; S44, loosen the fixing screws of the rotating toothed disc and the mandrel, rotate the rotating toothed disc according to the deviation a to eliminate the deviation a, and lock the fixing screws of the rotating toothed disc and the mandrel; specifically, after loosening the fixing screws of the rotating toothed disc and the mandrel, first determine the inclination direction of the first precision detection surface according to the positive or negative value of the deviation a, then rotate the rotating toothed disc in the opposite direction and determine the size of the rotation angle according to the absolute value of the deviation a, and then lock the fixing screws of the rotating toothed disc and the mandrel; For the front-end locking structure and the rear-end locking structure, the fixing screws of the rotating toothed disc and the core shaft can be directly loosened to perform rotation adjustment; For the locking structure in the middle position, it is necessary to remove the spindle component from the spindle gear adjustment tooling, then disassemble the spindle component, remove the front bearing sleeve and process bearing, loosen the fixing screws of the rotating gear and the spindle for rotation adjustment; Because a process bearing is installed, it is possible to prevent damage to the bearing during disassembly of the locking structure in the intermediate position; correspondingly, for the locking structures in the front-end form and the tail-end form, since the spindle component does not need to be disassembled and the rotating gear disk can be directly adjusted, the original bearing can be directly installed.

[0050] S45. After the spindle component makes at least one loosening and locking action at the relative zero position, repeat steps S32 - S36; for the locking structure in the intermediate position form, it is necessary to first reassemble the spindle component, then connect the spindle component to the spindle gear disk assembly and adjustment tooling, and then perform this step.

[0051] S5. Remove the spindle component from the spindle gear disk assembly and adjustment tooling. When the deviation a is 0, it means that the first precision detection surface is parallel to the second precision detection surface in the intermediate position state of the detection tool bit at the first limit position and the second limit position, that is, when the high and low keys of the spindle are in the symmetric position in the middle, the first precision detection surface is parallel to the second precision detection surface. At this time, the angular position of the fixed gear disk and the rotating gear disk has been adjusted to the ideal position; then remove the spindle component from the spindle gear disk assembly and adjustment tooling to complete the preliminary assembly and adjustment of the spindle.

[0052] In the field of turning-milling compound machining centers, especially in the application of horizontal machine tools, the position of the turning tool tip has an important influence on the machining dimension accuracy. Through actual operation and observation, due to the existence of teeth, the tooth-disc type locking structure cannot achieve clamping at any position. This results in a deviation in the position of the turning tool tip when clamping at the relative zero position. Through practical exploration, we found that the factors affecting the position deviation of the turning tool tip mainly include the following three aspects: First, the installation accuracy of the spindle on the machine tool ram, which involves the positional tolerance and dimensional accuracy between a set of through holes on the front bearing sleeve installation flange and the corresponding threaded holes on the machine tool ram; Second, the accuracy of the locking structure, including the machining accuracy of the locking structure and the front bearing sleeve, and the positional accuracy between the through holes on the locking structure and the threaded holes on the front bearing sleeve; Third, the positioning accuracy of the tool, which involves the parallelism between the high and low keys of the spindle and the linear axis direction of the machine tool, and the positional tolerance between the high and low keys of the spindle and the installation flange. The combined effect of these factors often leads to the inability to adjust the angular position of the spindle to an ideal state to meet the error requirements of the turning tool tip position by loosening the fixing screws between the installation flange and the ram to rotate the spindle. In addition, for the case where the spindle locking structure is located at the front end and the tail end of the spindle, ordinary machine tool users cannot disassemble the spindle and adjust its internal structure to solve this problem; for the case where the spindle locking structure is located in the middle position of the spindle, the locking structure cannot be adjusted after the spindle assembly is completed. If the method of rotating the spindle by loosening the fixing screws between the installation flange and the ram cannot meet the requirements, then the spindle can only be disassembled and debugged again. Based on this, this method is proposed through practical summary. When assembling the locking structure of the spindle, preliminary installation and adjustment are first carried out to ensure that the locking structure is adjusted to an ideal position during the assembly stage of the spindle itself, and to ensure that the angular deviation of the high and low keys is within a certain range when the locking structure is locked at the relative zero position, so as to ensure that after the spindle is installed on the ram, it can be adjusted to the best position only by rotating the spindle.

[0053] This method adjusts the second precision detection surface to a horizontal state through step S2 to eliminate the influence of the installation accuracy of the spindle on the support base. Subsequently, step S3 is used to obtain the parallelism deviation a of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface in the intermediate position state of the detection turning tool at the first limit position and the second limit position, and the deviation a is eliminated through adjustment to achieve the parallelism of the first precision detection surface and the second precision detection surface. During the assembly stage of the spindle itself, the locking structure is adjusted to eliminate the influence of the locking structure accuracy.

[0054] S6. After the preliminary installation and adjustment of the spindle, the angular position adjustment of the spindle when locked at the relative zero position on the whole machine is also carried out. For the remaining processes after the spindle assembly locking structure is completed, the assembled spindle is installed on the ram, and a detector is installed on the machine tool workbench, specifically, a dial indicator is installed through a dial indicator base; S7. Adjust the first precision detection surface to be parallel to the linear axis direction Ⅰ of the machine tool horizontal. Specifically, the linear axis direction Ⅰ is selected as the X-axis direction of the machine tool to facilitate operation and reading. The specific steps include S71 - S78; S71. Lock the spindle at the relative zero position; S72. Connect the inspection turning tool to the spindle, rotate the inspection turning tool in one direction to the third limit position. In this embodiment, the third limit position is the position where it is rotated clockwise until the high-low key abuts against the keyway to eliminate the clearance, and the spindle pulls the tool; S73. In the state of the third limit position, the machine tool drives the inspection turning tool to move along the X-axis direction, and the detector detects the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the X-axis direction of the machine tool. Specifically, first press the probe of the dial indicator against the first precision detection surface and zero the dial indicator, then the machine tool drives the inspection turning tool to move along the X-axis direction to take readings on the first precision detection surface and observe the change of the dial indicator, and the parallelism deviation A1 of the first precision detection surface relative to the X-axis direction of the machine tool is detected. The positive and negative settings are consistent with the previous steps; S74. Unclamp the tool of the spindle, rotate the inspection turning tool in the opposite direction to the fourth limit position in step S72. In this embodiment, the fourth limit position is the position where it is rotated clockwise until the high-low key abuts against the keyway to eliminate the clearance, and the spindle pulls the tool; S75. In the state of the fourth limit position, the machine tool drives the inspection turning tool to move along the X-axis direction, and the detector detects the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the X-axis direction of the machine tool. Specifically, first press the probe of the dial indicator against the first precision detection surface and zero the dial indicator, then the machine tool drives the inspection turning tool to move along the X-axis direction to take readings on the first precision detection surface and observe the change of the dial indicator, and the parallelism deviation A2 of the first precision detection surface relative to the X-axis direction of the machine tool is detected. The positive and negative settings are consistent with the previous steps; S76. According to the detection results of the inspection turning tool in the third limit position and the fourth limit position, calculate the deviation A of the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the X-axis direction of the machine tool in the intermediate position state between the third limit position and the fourth limit position of the inspection turning tool through the formula A = (A1 + A2) / 2; S77. Loosen the fixing screw of the mounting flange and the ram, rotate the spindle according to the deviation A to eliminate the deviation A, and lock the fixing screw of the mounting flange and the ram; S78. Repeat steps S72 - S76 to obtain the updated deviation A. Judge whether the deviation A is 0. If so, enter step S8; if not, repeat step S77; S8. When the deviation A is 0, it means that the first precision detection surface is parallel to the X-axis direction of the machine tool in the intermediate position state between the third extreme position and the fourth extreme position of the detection turning tool. At this time, the first precision detection surface has been adjusted to the ideal position, and the angular position adjustment of the relative zero position of the spindle on the whole machine has been completed.

[0055] After the preliminary alignment of the spindle, in an ideal state, the first precision detection surface should be parallel to the X-axis direction of the machine tool when the detection turning tool is installed and locked on the spindle. However, due to the inevitable gap between the high and low keys of the spindle and the keyway of the tool shank during the working process, even the T-shaped tool shank has a certain gap. Therefore, after the spindle pulls the tool, there may be a parallel deviation of the first precision detection surface. Therefore, in order to ensure the machining accuracy, the deviation must be controlled within the minimum range. This method eliminates the influence of the accuracy of the locking structure through step S3. After the spindle is installed on the machine tool ram, the detection conditions in the third extreme position and the fourth extreme position are as Figure 5 shown. The deviations in the third extreme position and the fourth extreme position are on both sides of the theoretical horizontal position (the horizontal center line is the theoretical horizontal position), so as to ensure that the leveling can be achieved only by rotating the spindle. Avoid the situation that after the spindle is installed on the machine tool ram, the detection conditions in the third extreme position and the fourth extreme position are as Figure 6 shown, as Figure 6 shown, where the deviations in the third extreme position and the fourth extreme position are on the same side of the theoretical horizontal position, which will cause the leveling cannot be achieved only by rotating the spindle. This method then eliminates the deviation A through steps S7 and S8, so that the first precision detection surface is parallel to the X-axis direction of the machine tool in the intermediate position state between the third extreme position and the fourth extreme position. Specifically, the detection conditions in the third extreme position and the fourth extreme position are as Figure 7 shown. At this time, the angular position of the spindle is the best, and the deviation of the tip point of the tool clamped by the spindle each time can be controlled within 0 - b / 2, where b is equal to the sum of the absolute values of the deviations A1 and A2, and high machining accuracy can be achieved.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spindle gear adjustment tool, characterized in that: include: A support seat (1), a detector (3), a detection turning tool (4) and a control device; The support seat (1) is detachably mounted on the detection platform, and the support seat (1) is used to mount the main shaft component after assembling the gear disc type locking structure; The detection turning tool (4) is mounted on a spindle component; a first precision detection surface (41) is provided on the detection turning tool (4), and a second precision detection surface (521) is provided on the spindle component; The control device is connected to the spindle component to control the cutting, pulling and locking actions of the spindle; The detector (3) detects the parallelism of the first precision detection surface (41) relative to the second precision detection surface (521).

2. A spindle gear adjustment tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support seat (1) has a connecting surface (11), the end surface of the mounting flange (53) on the front bearing sleeve (52) of the spindle component abuts against the connecting surface (11) of the support seat (1) for positioning, and the mounting flange (53) and the support seat (1) are connected via a fixing component; the second precision detection surface (521) is provided on the outer periphery of the mounting flange (53) and is perpendicular to the end surface of the mounting flange (53).

3. The spindle gear adjustment tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a moving component (2), the moving component (2) being mounted on the support seat (1), the moving component (2) being used to drive the detector (3) to move in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the spindle component and parallel to the second precision detection surface (521).

4. A spindle gear adjustment tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The moving assembly (2) comprises a guide rail (21) and a slider (22); the guide rail (21) is mounted on the support seat (1), and the slider (22) slides on the guide rail (21); and the detector (3) is mounted on the slider (22).

5. The spindle gear adjustment tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support seat (1) is provided with a clearance space (6), the rear end of the core shaft (51) of the main shaft component is located in the clearance space (6) or passes through the clearance space (6), and the fixing screws of the fixed toothed disc (54) and the front bearing sleeve (52) of the main shaft component correspond to the openings at both ends of the clearance space (6), so that the fixing screws of the fixed toothed disc (54) and the front bearing sleeve (52) can be extended from the opening of the clearance space (6) away from the fixed toothed disc (54) to loosen and lock.

6. A method for adjusting a main shaft gear disc, characterized in that: The spindle is adjusted using the spindle gear adjustment tool as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following steps: S1. Connect the spindle component after assembling the gear disc type locking structure to the spindle gear disc assembly and adjustment tool; S2. Adjust the second precision detection surface to be parallel to the plane of the detection platform; S3, obtaining a deviation a of the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface when the detection turning tool is in an intermediate position between the first extreme position and the second extreme position; S4, adjusting the locking structure according to the deviation a so that the first precision detection surface of the detection turning tool is parallel to the second precision detection surface when the detection turning tool is in the middle position between the first extreme position and the second extreme position; S5. Remove the spindle assembly from the spindle gear adjustment tool.

7. A spindle gear adjustment method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step S2 specifically includes the following steps: S21, the moving component drives the detector to move to detect the parallelism of the second precision detection surface relative to the plane of the detection platform; S22, loosening the spindle component and the spindle gear disc mounting and adjusting tooling, rotating the spindle component according to the parallelism detection result of step S21 to adjust the angular position of the second precision detection surface, and locking the spindle component and the spindle gear disc mounting and adjusting tooling; S23, repeating steps S21-S22 until the second precision detection surface is adjusted to be parallel to the plane of the detection platform.

8. A spindle gear adjustment method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S31, the spindle component is locked at the relative zero position; S32, docking the inspection turning tool to the spindle component, rotating the inspection turning tool in one direction to a first limit position, and pulling the tool by the spindle component; S33, in the first extreme position state, the moving component drives the detector to move to detect the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface; S34, the spindle component is tooled, the detection turning tool is rotated in the opposite direction of step S32 to the second limit position, and the spindle component is broached; S35, in the second extreme position state, the moving component drives the detector to move to detect the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface; S36. According to the detection results of the turning tool in the first extreme position and the second extreme position, obtain the deviation a of the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface when the turning tool is in the intermediate position between the first extreme position and the second extreme position.

9. A spindle gear adjustment method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step S4 specifically includes the following steps: S41, loosen the fixing screws of the fixed toothed disc and the front bearing sleeve, rotate the fixed toothed disc according to the deviation a to eliminate the deviation a, and tighten the fixing screws of the fixed toothed disc and the front bearing sleeve; S42, after the spindle component is loosened and locked at least once relative to the zero point, repeat steps S32-S36 to obtain a new deviation a; determine whether the deviation a is 0, if so, proceed to step S5; if not, proceed to step S43; S43, determine whether the fixed sprocket has rotated to the limit, if yes, proceed to step S44, if no, repeat steps S41-S42; S44, loosen the fixing screws of the rotating toothed disc and the mandrel, rotate the rotating toothed disc according to the deviation a to eliminate the deviation a, and tighten the fixing screws of the rotating toothed disc and the mandrel; S45. After the spindle component is loosened and locked at least once relative to the zero point, steps S32-S36 are repeated.

10. A spindle gear adjustment method according to claim 6, characterized in that: After step S5, the angular position adjustment of the main shaft relative to the zero position on the whole machine is also performed, which specifically includes the following steps: S6. After completing the remaining steps of assembling the locking structure of the spindle, install the assembled spindle on the ram and install the detector on the machine tool workbench; S7, adjust the first precision detection surface to be parallel to the horizontal linear axis direction Ⅰ of the machine tool; S71, the spindle is locked at the relative zero position; S72, docking the inspection turning tool to the spindle, rotating the inspection turning tool in one direction to the third limit position, and pulling the tool on the spindle; S73, in the third limit position state, the machine tool drives the detection turning tool to move along the linear axis direction I, and the detector detects the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the machine tool linear axis direction I; S74, spindle tooling, rotating the inspection turning tool in the opposite direction of step S72 to the fourth limit position, and spindle tool pulling; S75. In the fourth limit position state, the machine tool drives the detection turning tool to move along the linear axis direction I, and the detector detects the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the linear axis direction I of the machine tool; S76, according to the detection results of the turning tool in the third limit position and the fourth limit position, obtaining the deviation A of the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the linear axis direction I of the machine tool when the turning tool is in the intermediate position between the third limit position and the fourth limit position; S77. Loosen the fixing screws of the mounting flange and the ram, rotate the main shaft according to the deviation A to eliminate the deviation A, and tighten the fixing screws of the mounting flange and the ram; S78, repeat steps S72-S76 to obtain a new deviation A; determine whether the deviation A is 0, if so, proceed to step S8; if not, repeat step S77; S8. Complete the angular position adjustment of the spindle relative to the zero position on the whole machine.

Images