Biomass high-pressure continuous feeding device

Abstract

The invention discloses a biomass high-pressure continuous feeding device which comprises a normal-pressure powder bin, a first fluidized gas inlet and a second fluidized gas inlet, the normal-pressure powder bin is provided with a first biomass feeding port, a first biomass outlet and a first fluidized gas inlet, and the first biomass feeding port is communicated with a discharging port of a biomass crushing device; the powder lock hopper is arranged below the normal-pressure powder bin, is provided with a second biomass feeding hole, and is communicated with the first biomass outlet, a second biomass outlet and a second fluidizing gas inlet through a pipeline; the powder feeding tank is arranged below the powder lock hopper, is provided with a third biomass feeding hole and is communicated with the second biomass outlet through a pipeline, and the third biomass outlet is communicated with a third fluidizing gas inlet and the third biomass outlet are communicated with the gasification reactor; and the first fluidizing gas inlet, the second fluidizing gas inlet and the third fluidizing gas inlet are respectively communicated with corresponding gas sources. The device can stably adapt to biomass materials with various types and physical properties, and the situation that the device stops production due to blockage in the process of conveying the biomass materials from the normal-pressure powder bin to the gasification reactor is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biomass pyrolysis gasification, and particularly to a biomass high-pressure continuous feeding device. Background Art

[0002] As a large agricultural country, China has a considerable reserve and variety of biomass resources, which provides favorable conditions for the resource utilization of biomass. Biomass gasification, as an important technology for biomass resource utilization, can convert biomass into syngas mainly composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which can then be synthesized into green methanol or sustainable aviation fuel. At present, common biomass in China mainly includes crop straws, forestry wastes, animal feces, etc. There are significant differences in physical properties among different biomasses, which makes it difficult for the pneumatic conveying systems commonly used in coal chemical industry to adapt.

[0003] Biomass has a high moisture content and can absorb water far exceeding its own volume. Therefore, water may be released inside the container due to temperature or weather changes, resulting in bridging of the part close to the inner wall of the container. During the production process in factories, it is difficult to ensure a stable supply of biological raw materials like raw coal. Generally, the physical properties of coal from the same mining area do not vary much. However, it has been found in experiments that the physical properties of the same type of biomass raw materials themselves vary greatly, and factors such as the storage method, storage mode during the storage process, and management during the transportation process will further increase this difference. Since biomass has a low grindability index, if it is crushed to the micron-level particle size commonly used in coal transportation, it will result in too high consumption in the crushing stage. Therefore, common biomass crushing is mostly in the millimeter level. And because biomass fibers are relatively long, after crushing, they are prone to grow into long strips or flakes, which increases the possibility of interlocking and bridging between particles. Therefore, during the design of the feeding system, these characteristics of biomass should be fully considered, otherwise it is very easy to cause blockage and lead to the shutdown of the device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and / or defects and provide at least the advantages described hereinafter.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a biomass high-pressure continuous feeding device, which prevents biomass from bridging inside the atmospheric powder bin, powder lock hopper, and powder feeding tank by increasing gas fluidization measures, so as to ensure that the device can smoothly adapt to biomass materials with diverse types and physical properties, and avoid blockage during the process of transporting from the atmospheric powder bin to the gasification reactor, resulting in the shutdown of the device.

[0006] According to these objects and other advantages of the present invention, there is provided a biomass high-pressure continuous feeding device, which comprises: At least one atmospheric pressure powder bin, with a first biomass feed inlet at the top, a first biomass outlet and a first fluidizing gas inlet at the bottom, and the first biomass feed inlet is communicated with the discharge outlet of the biomass crushing device; At least one powder lock hopper, which is arranged below the atmospheric pressure powder bin. The top of the powder lock hopper is provided with a second biomass feed inlet, which is communicated with the first biomass outlet through a pipeline. The bottom of the powder lock hopper is provided with a second biomass outlet and a second fluidizing gas inlet; At least one powder feeding tank, which is arranged below the powder lock hopper. The top of the powder feeding tank is provided with a third biomass feed inlet, which is communicated with the second biomass outlet through a pipeline. The bottom of the powder feeding tank is provided with at least one third biomass outlet and a third fluidizing gas inlet, and the third biomass outlet is communicated with the gasification reactor; Wherein, the first fluidizing gas inlet, the second fluidizing gas inlet and the third fluidizing gas inlet are respectively communicated with corresponding gas sources to transport carbon dioxide, nitrogen or inert gas into the atmospheric pressure powder bin, the powder lock hopper and the powder feeding tank to maintain the corresponding air pressure.

[0007] Preferably, a first pressure detection device is arranged in the atmospheric pressure powder bin, and a first pressure balance port is arranged at the top of the atmospheric pressure powder bin; when the first pressure detection device detects that the pressure in the atmospheric pressure powder bin is less than 0.102 MPa, the controller controls the first fluidizing gas inlet to open to transport carbon dioxide, nitrogen or inert gas into the atmospheric pressure powder bin so that the pressure in the atmospheric pressure powder bin is maintained in a slightly positive pressure environment of 0.102 - 0.105 MPa. When the first pressure detection device detects that the pressure in the atmospheric pressure powder bin is greater than 0.105 MPa, the controller controls the first pressure balance port to open to adjust the pressure in the atmospheric pressure powder bin.

[0008] Preferably, an ultrasonic device is arranged on the inner wall of the powder lock hopper. For a powder lock hopper with a volume less than 10 cubic meters, an ultrasonic device with a power of 200 - 500 W is selected; for a powder lock hopper with a volume of 10 - 50 cubic meters, an ultrasonic device with a power of 500 - 1000 W is selected, and for a powder lock hopper with a volume greater than 50 cubic meters, an ultrasonic device with a power of 1000 - 2000 W is selected.

[0009] Preferably, a heat tracing system is also arranged in the atmospheric pressure powder bin, the lock hopper and the feeding tank, and the heat tracing system keeps the temperature range in the atmospheric pressure powder bin, the lock hopper and the feeding tank at 80 - 110 °C.

[0010] Preferably, a dredging device is arranged in the powder lock hopper, which is a piston push rod that can move axially along the powder lock hopper and is used to break the bridging structure of the biomass entering the powder lock hopper.

[0011] Preferably, a first pipeline inflator is provided on the pipeline between the first biomass outlet and the second biomass feed inlet and near the first biomass outlet, and a first conveying gas inlet is provided thereon; a second pipeline inflator is provided on the pipeline between the second biomass outlet and the third biomass feed inlet and near the second biomass outlet, and a second conveying gas inlet is provided thereon; the third biomass outlet is communicated with the gasification reactor through a discharge pipeline, and a third pipeline inflator and a flow regulating device are provided on the discharge pipeline and near the third biomass outlet, and a third conveying gas inlet is provided on the third pipeline inflator; Wherein, the first conveying gas inlet, the second conveying gas inlet, and the third conveying gas inlet are respectively communicated with corresponding gas sources to inject gas into the corresponding pipelines.

[0012] Preferably, a second pressure detection device is provided in the powder lock hopper, and a second pressure balance port is provided at the top of the powder lock hopper; a third pressure detection device is provided in the powder feed tank, and a third pressure balance port is provided at the top of the powder feed tank; Wherein, the operating pressures of the powder lock hopper and the powder feed tank are 0.5 Mpa to 10 Mpa, and the operating pressure of the powder feed tank is 0.5 Mpa to 2 Mpa higher than the operating pressure of the gasification reactor.

[0013] Preferably, the biomass high-pressure continuous feeding device further includes: An atmospheric powder silo filter, which is located above the atmospheric powder silo and is communicated with the first pressure balance port through an atmospheric powder silo pressure balance pipeline; A powder lock hopper filter, which is located above the powder lock hopper and is communicated with the second pressure balance port through one end of a powder lock hopper balance pipeline, and the other end of the powder lock hopper balance pipeline is communicated with the atmospheric powder silo filter to return the filtered gas to the atmospheric powder silo filter; A powder feed tank filter, which is located above the powder feed tank and is communicated with the third pressure balance port through one end of a powder feed tank pressure balance pipeline, and the other end of the powder feed tank pressure balance pipeline is communicated with the atmospheric powder silo filter to return the filtered gas to the atmospheric powder silo filter.

[0014] Preferably, level detection devices are provided in the atmospheric powder silo, the powder lock hopper, and the powder feed tank, and the level detection devices are tank weighing devices, acoustic detection devices, or radiation type level gauges.

[0015] Preferably, the apex angles of the conical sections of the first biomass outlet, the second biomass outlet, and the third biomass outlet are less than or equal to 45 degrees.

[0016] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. The biomass high-pressure continuous feeding device of the present invention prevents biomass from bridging inside the atmospheric pressure powder bin, powder lock hopper, and powder feeding tank by adding gas fluidization measures, so as to ensure that the device can stably adapt to biomass materials with diverse types and physical properties, and avoid blockage during the process of transporting from the atmospheric pressure powder bin to the gasification reactor, resulting in the shutdown of the device.

[0017] 2. The preparation of the biomass high-pressure continuous feeding device of the present invention maintains a slightly positive pressure environment inside the atmospheric pressure powder bin, thereby preventing external water vapor from entering the atmospheric pressure powder bin. Carbon dioxide, nitrogen, or other inert gases can be transported through a low-pressure gas source to maintain the pressure inside the atmospheric pressure powder bin, while ensuring that the atmospheric pressure powder bin is filled with inert gas to avoid ignition.

[0018] 3. The powder lock hopper is a key part for material transfer and pressure regulation. Materials may agglomerate here due to factors such as pressure changes. Installing an ultrasonic device inside the powder lock hopper and synchronously performing ultrasonic treatment during the pressurization and fluidization of biomass materials can further improve the fluidity of the materials and ensure the smooth discharge of the materials.

[0019] 4. The preparation of the biomass high-pressure continuous feeding device of the present invention is equipped with a heat tracing system in the atmospheric pressure powder bin, and different heat tracing temperature regulations are carried out according to different biomasses for intelligent adjustment, which can not only avoid the precipitation and agglomeration of biomass water in the atmospheric pressure powder bin, but also reduce energy consumption and improve energy utilization efficiency.

[0020] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the present invention will be partially reflected by the following description, and partially will also be understood by those skilled in the art through the research and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the biomass high-pressure continuous feeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the atmospheric pressure powder bin in the biomass high-pressure continuous feeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the powder lock hopper in the biomass high-pressure continuous feeding device according to another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the powder feeding tank in the biomass high-pressure continuous feeding device according to another embodiment of the present invention; Reference numerals: 1: atmospheric pressure powder bin; 100: first biomass feed inlet; 110: first biomass outlet; 120: first fluidizing gas inlet; 130: first pressure detection device; 140: first pressure balance port; 150: tank weighing device; 160: atmospheric pressure powder bin pressure balance pipeline; 170: atmospheric pressure powder bin filter vent pipeline; 180: atmospheric pressure powder bin filter discharge pipeline; 190: atmospheric pressure powder bin discharge pipeline; 2: powder lock hopper; 200: second biomass feed inlet; 210: second biomass outlet; 220: second fluidizing gas inlet; 230: ultrasonic device; 240: dredging device; 250: second pressure detection device; 260: second pressure balance port; 270: pressure relief port; 280: powder lock hopper pressure balance pipeline; 290: powder lock hopper pressure relief pipeline; 291: powder lock hopper discharge pipeline; 3: powder feed tank; 300: third biomass feed inlet; 310: third biomass outlet; 320: third fluidizing gas inlet; 330: third pressure detection device; 340: third pressure balance port; 350: powder feed tank pressure balance pipeline; 360: powder feed tank discharge pipeline; 370: radiation type level gauge transmitter; 380: radiation type level gauge receiver; 4: first pipeline inflator; 5: second pipeline inflator; 6: third pipeline inflator; 7: atmospheric pressure powder bin filter; 700: filter biomass inlet; 8: powder lock hopper filter; 9: powder feed tank filter; 10: flow regulating device; 11: acoustic level detection device; 12: first gas fluidizing device; 13: second gas fluidizing device; 14: third gas fluidizing device. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] The following further elaborates on the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement it with reference to the text of the specification.

[0024] It should be understood that terms such as "having", "comprising", and "including" as used herein do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0025] It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following implementation manners are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials can be obtained from commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0026] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, the present invention provides a biomass high-pressure continuous feeding device, including: At least one atmospheric pressure powder bin 1, having a first biomass feed inlet 100 at the top, a first biomass outlet 110 and a first fluidizing gas inlet 120 at the bottom, and the first biomass feed inlet 100 is communicated with the discharge outlet of the biomass crushing device; At least one powder lock hopper 2, which is arranged below the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1. The top of the powder lock hopper 2 is provided with a second biomass feed inlet 200, which is connected to the first biomass outlet 110 through a pipeline. The bottom of the powder lock hopper 2 is provided with a second biomass outlet 210 and a second fluidizing gas inlet 220; At least one powder feeding tank 3, which is arranged below the powder lock hopper 2. The top of the powder feeding tank 3 is provided with a third biomass feed inlet 300, which is connected to the second biomass outlet 210 through a pipeline. The bottom of the powder feeding tank 3 is provided with at least one third biomass outlet 310 and a third fluidizing gas inlet 320, and the third biomass outlet 310 is connected to the gasification reactor; Wherein, the first fluidizing gas inlet 120, the second fluidizing gas inlet 220 and the third fluidizing gas inlet 320 are respectively connected to corresponding gas sources to transport carbon dioxide, nitrogen or inert gas into the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1, the powder lock hopper 2 and the powder feeding tank 3 to maintain the corresponding air pressure.

[0027] In the above technical solution, as Figure 1 shown, there is one atmospheric pressure powder bin 1 (material: Q235B), two powder lock hoppers 2 (material: Q345R), and one powder feeding tank 3 (material: Q345R); among them, according to the production scale and the biomass raw material processing volume, an atmospheric pressure powder bin 1 with a suitable volume is selected. For example, if the biomass raw material processing volume per hour is 50 tons, an atmospheric pressure powder bin 1 with a volume of 200 cubic meters can be selected. The first biomass feed inlet 100 is installed with a pipeline with a diameter of 300 mm to connect to the outlet of the biomass crushing device, and flange connection is used to ensure the sealing performance. At the bottom of the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1, two first biomass outlets 110 are respectively provided with pipelines with a diameter of 200 mm, and pneumatic gate valves are equipped to control the discharging. The first fluidizing gas inlet 120 is connected to a pipeline with a diameter of 100 mm for introducing fluidizing gas, and a gas flow regulating valve and a pressure sensor are installed at the inlet to accurately control the fluidizing gas flow and pressure. The bottom of the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1 is provided with a first gas fluidizing device 12. The fluidizing gas from the low-pressure gas source enters the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1 through the first fluidizing gas inlet 120. The first gas fluidizing device 12 is arranged close to the first biomass outlet 110 to make the biomass near the first biomass outlet 110 looser, avoid bridging, and thus improve its fluidity. In addition, the fluidizing gas can also help the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1 maintain a slightly positive pressure state.

[0028] A tank weighing device 150 is installed on the atmospheric pressure powder silo 1 to monitor the quantity of materials in real time. When it reaches a certain level, the feeding will stop. The volume of the powder lock hopper 2 is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of that of the atmospheric pressure powder silo 1. For example, a lock hopper with a volume of 70 to 100 cubic meters can be selected. The second biomass feed inlet 200 is connected to the first biomass outlet 110 of the atmospheric pressure powder silo 1 through a pipeline with a diameter of 200 mm. An electric ball valve is installed on the pipeline to control the entry of materials. The diameter of the bottom second biomass outlet 210 is 200 mm, and it is also equipped with an electric ball valve. A second gas fluidization device 13 is also arranged at the bottom of the powder lock hopper 2. The diameter of the second fluidizing gas inlet 220 is 80 mm, which is connected to the gas source pipeline. A gas flow regulating valve, a pressure sensor and a check valve are installed at the inlet to prevent gas backflow. An acoustic level detection device 11 is installed on the powder lock hopper 2 to monitor the position of materials. At the same time, a dredging device 240 is provided, such as a piston push rod driven by hydraulic pressure. When the materials are blocked, such as bridging, the push rod is started to dredge. When the pressure in the powder lock hopper 2 is at atmospheric pressure, it receives biomass materials. The biomass materials enter the outlet pipeline 190 of the atmospheric pressure powder silo from the first biomass outlet 110 of the atmospheric pressure powder silo 1, enter the second biomass feed inlet 200 of the powder lock hopper 2, and the biomass materials in the powder lock hopper 2 are detected by the acoustic level detection device 11. When it reaches the specified position, the feeding stops. After the feeding stops, it enters the pressurization stage. High-pressure carbon dioxide or nitrogen enters the second gas fluidization device 13 through the second fluidizing gas inlet 220 to pressurize the powder lock hopper 2 and fluidize the biomass materials near the bottom to ensure their fluidity.

[0029] The volume of the powder feeding tank 3 is determined according to the feeding requirements of the gasification reactor. Generally, it should ensure at least 30 minutes of usage for the gasifier. In this embodiment, a powder feeding tank 3 with a volume of 170 cubic meters can be selected. The third biomass feed inlet 300 is connected to the second biomass outlet 210 of the powder lock hopper 2 through a pipeline with a diameter of 200 mm. An electric ball valve is installed to control the feeding. Four third biomass outlets 310 are arranged at the bottom, with a diameter of 60 mm. Each outlet is connected to a pipeline leading to the gasification reactor. A flow regulating device, such as a mass flow meter and an electric control valve, is installed on the pipeline to accurately control the material flow entering the gasification reactor. The diameter of the third fluidizing gas inlet 320 is 40 mm, which is connected to the gas source. A gas flow regulating valve, a pressure sensor and a check valve are installed. A third gas fluidization device 14 is also provided at the bottom of the powder feeding tank 3. A level detection device and a pressure sensor are also installed on the powder feeding tank 3 to monitor the material quantity and the pressure in the tank, such as Figure 4 a radiation level gauge in the middle, which consists of a radiation level gauge transmitter 370 and a radiation level gauge receiver 380. When the biomass level in the powder feeding tank 3 is too low, the powder lock hopper 2 replenishes the biomass materials.

[0030] Equipment Layout: Vertically install the atmospheric pressure powder silo 1, powder lock hopper 2, and powder feeding tank 3 in the order from top to bottom to ensure the smooth transportation of materials by gravity. The connecting pipes between the equipment should be as short and straight as possible to reduce the resistance of material transportation. The gas source equipment (such as carbon dioxide storage tank, nitrogen compressor, etc.) should be placed at a position close to each fluidizing gas inlet for convenient connection of pipes. At the same time, good ventilation should be ensured to comply with safety regulations.

[0031] Operation Process: Step 1: Feeding Preparation: Start the gas source equipment, adjust the gas pressure and flow rate, so that carbon dioxide, nitrogen, or inert gas enters the atmospheric pressure powder silo through the first fluidizing gas inlet 120, and maintain a slightly positive pressure (0.102 - 0.105 MPa) in the atmospheric pressure powder silo. Start the biomass crushing device, crush the biomass raw materials to an appropriate particle size, and then enter the atmospheric pressure powder silo 1 through the first biomass feeding port 100; Step 2: Discharging from the Atmospheric Pressure Powder Silo 1: When the material level in the atmospheric pressure powder silo 1 reaches a certain level (such as 80%), stop feeding the biomass crushing device. Open the pneumatic gate valve at the first biomass outlet 110, and the material enters the powder lock hopper through the pipeline by the action of gravity and fluidizing gas. At the same time, continuously feed fluidizing gas into the atmospheric pressure powder silo to keep the material in the silo in a loose state; Step 3: Pressurizing and Discharging from the Powder Lock Hopper 2: The powder lock hopper 2 is in an atmospheric pressure state before receiving materials. When the material level reaches the set value (such as 70%), close the electric ball valve at the second biomass feeding port 200. Feed high-pressure gas (such as the pressure reaches 4 - 5 MPa) into the powder lock hopper through the second fluidizing gas inlet 220 to pressurize the powder lock hopper 2. After pressurization is completed, open the electric ball valve at the second biomass outlet 210, and the material enters the powder feeding tank 3 under the action of pressure. When the material in the powder lock hopper 2 is emptied, close the electric ball valve at the second biomass outlet 210, and reduce the pressure in the powder lock hopper 2 to atmospheric pressure through the pressure relief valve to prepare for receiving the next batch of materials; Step 4: Feeding and Discharging of the Powder Feeding Tank 3: The pressure in the powder feeding tank 3 is slightly lower than that of the powder lock hopper before receiving materials (such as 3 - 4 MPa). After the material enters, feed fluidizing gas through the third fluidizing gas inlet 320 to adjust the pressure in the tank to be 0.5 - 2 MPa higher than that of the gasification reactor (such as the pressure of the gasification reactor is 4 MPa, and the pressure of the feeding tank is adjusted to 4.5 - 6 MPa). According to the feeding requirements of the gasification reactor, precisely control the material flow rate of multiple third biomass outlets 310 through the flow regulating device to transport biomass powder to the gasification reactor. At the same time, real-time monitor the material level and pressure in the feeding tank. When the material level is lower than the set value (such as 20%), start the powder lock hopper 2 to feed materials into the powder feeding tank 3.

[0032] In another technical solution, a first pressure detection device 130 is provided in the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1, and a first pressure balance port 140 is provided at the top of the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1; when the first pressure detection device 130 detects that the pressure in the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1 is less than 0.102 MPa, the controller controls the opening of the first fluidizing gas inlet 120 to convey carbon dioxide, nitrogen or inert gas into the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1 so that the pressure in the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1 is maintained in a slightly pressurized environment of 0.102 - 0.105 MPa. When the first pressure detection device 130 detects that the pressure in the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1 is greater than 0.105 MPa, the controller controls the opening of the first pressure balance port 140 to adjust the pressure in the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1.

[0033] In the above technical solution, a high-precision capacitive pressure sensor is selected as the first pressure detection device 130, and its measurement accuracy can reach ±0.0005 MPa, which can accurately capture the subtle pressure changes in the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1. The pressure sensor is installed at the top of the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1, where the gas has good fluidity, so more representative pressure data can be obtained, and the direct impact of the material on the sensor can be avoided. A first pressure balance port 140 with a diameter of 150 mm is opened at the top of the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1, and a wear-resistant pipeline is connected to the bag-type atmospheric pressure powder bin filter 7. The filtration accuracy of this filter reaches 5 - 10 μm, which can effectively intercept the biomass dust carried in the gas. An electric butterfly valve is installed on the pipeline, and its opening degree is accurately controlled by the controller. When the pressure in the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1 is too high, the electric butterfly valve opens, and the gas enters the atmospheric pressure powder bin filter 7 through the atmospheric pressure powder bin pressure balance pipeline 160 to reduce the pressure in the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1. The filtered clean gas is vented at a safe height of 5 - 10 meters above the top of the powder bin through the atmospheric pressure powder bin filter vent pipeline 170. The filtered biomass powder passes through the atmospheric pressure powder bin discharge pipeline 190, and enters the filter biomass inlet 700 of the atmospheric pressure powder bin filter 7 of the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1 and returns to the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1 through the atmospheric pressure powder bin filter discharge pipeline 180.

[0034] Fluidizing gas inlet control equipment: On the pipeline of the first fluidizing gas inlet 120, an electric switch valve and a high-precision gas mass flow controller are installed. The electric switch valve is used to quickly open and close the fluidizing gas passage, and the response time is within 0.5 seconds. The gas mass flow controller can accurately adjust the fluidizing gas flow, with an accuracy of up to ±1%, ensuring that during the pressure regulation process, the gas inlet volume can be accurately controlled according to the pressure change in the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1. These devices are all stably connected to the controller by signals and receive unified instructions from the controller. Control logic: When the pressure is lower than the set value: When the first pressure detection device 130 detects that the pressure in the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1 is less than 0.102 MPa, the sensor immediately converts the pressure signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the controller. The controller quickly analyzes the pressure deviation value. If the pressure is 0.101 MPa and the deviation value is 0.001 MPa, it sends an opening instruction to the electric switch valve on the pipeline of the first fluidizing gas inlet 120, and at the same time sends a flow regulation instruction to the gas mass flow controller. The gas mass flow controller gradually increases the fluidizing gas flow according to the deviation value, so that the pressure in the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1 quickly rebounds. During the pressure rebound process, the first pressure detection device 130 continuously feeds back the real-time pressure data to the controller. When the pressure reaches 0.102 MPa, the gas mass flow controller is finely adjusted to make the pressure stable between 0.102 and 0.105 MPa. When the pressure is higher than the set value: When the first pressure detection device 130 detects that the pressure in the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1 is greater than 0.105 MPa, the signal is transmitted to the controller. The controller immediately sends an opening instruction to the electric butterfly valve on the pipeline of the first pressure balance port 140. The electric butterfly valve quickly opens within 1 second, and the opening degree is dynamically adjusted by the controller according to the pressure deviation value. For example, if the pressure is 0.108 MPa, the controller adjusts the opening degree of the electric butterfly valve to 50% according to the control algorithm. As the pressure in the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1 decreases, the opening degree of the electric butterfly valve is adjusted in real time. When the pressure drops below 0.105 MPa, the opening degree of the electric butterfly valve is gradually reduced until the pressure is stable between 0.102 and 0.105 MPa, and then the electric butterfly valve is closed.

[0035] In another technical solution, an ultrasonic device 15 is provided on the inner wall of the powder lock hopper 2. For the powder lock hopper 2 with a volume less than 10 cubic meters, an ultrasonic device 15 with a power of 200 - 500 W is selected, such as the US-300 type ultrasonic vibrator; for the powder lock hopper 2 with a volume of 10 - 50 cubic meters, an ultrasonic device 15 with a power of 500 - 1000 W is selected, such as the UD-800 type ultrasonic vibrating disk. For the powder lock hopper 2 with a volume greater than 50 cubic meters, an ultrasonic device 15 with a power of 1000 - 2000 W is selected, such as the UA-1500 type array ultrasonic generator.

[0036] In the above technical solution, the powder lock hopper 2 is a key part for material transfer and pressure regulation. Materials may agglomerate here due to factors such as pressure and temperature changes. Installing the ultrasonic device 15 inside the powder lock hopper 2 and performing ultrasonic treatment synchronously during the material pressurization and fluidization processes can further improve the material fluidity and ensure the smooth discharge of materials. The high-frequency vibration of ultrasonic waves acts on the biomass powder. When ultrasonic waves propagate in the material, cavitation effects will occur, forming tiny bubbles. These bubbles will release powerful energy at the moment of rupture, destroying the structure on the surface of biomass particles, reducing the agglomeration between particles, and lowering the surface tension. It is found in laboratory research that after ultrasonic treatment of some biomass powders for a certain period of time, their fluidity is significantly improved, and the blockage phenomenon is reduced in the simulated conveying experiment. The ultrasonic device 15 Preparation before installation: Modify the powder lock hopper 2: During the design or modification stage of the powder lock hopper 2, reserve a special installation interface. Weld or bolt-fix a mounting seat with a sealing flange on the wall of the powder lock hopper 2. The size and position of the mounting seat should be determined according to the size and quantity of the selected ultrasonic device transducers. Generally, each transducer corresponds to a mounting seat, and the mounting seats are evenly distributed on the circumferential wall near the bottom of the lock hopper, with the height from the bottom being about 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the lock hopper height. This can enable ultrasonic waves to better cover the materials and improve the treatment effect. Electrical circuit layout: Lay a special cable from the ultrasonic generator to the installation position of the powder lock hopper. The cable should have good insulation performance and anti-interference ability to prevent leakage or signal interference problems in a high-dust environment. Set an electrical junction box outside the powder lock hopper 2 for connecting the lines of the ultrasonic generator and the transducers. The junction box should be well sealed against water and dust. Electrical circuit layout: Lay a special cable from the ultrasonic generator to the installation position of the powder lock hopper 2. The cable should have good insulation performance and anti-interference ability to prevent leakage or signal interference problems in a high-dust environment. Set an electrical junction box outside the lock hopper for connecting the lines of the ultrasonic generator and the transducers. The junction box should be well sealed against water and dust.

[0037] Installation process: Transducer installation: Connect the selected transducer to the mounting base on the lock hopper wall through a sealed flange. Use high-temperature and wear-resistant sealing gaskets, such as fluororubber gaskets, at the flange connection to ensure that the powder does not leak. When installing the transducer, ensure that its surface is flush with or slightly concave inward from the inner wall of the lock hopper to avoid the protruding part affecting the material flow and causing additional wear to the transducer. Use a torque wrench to tighten the bolts according to the specified torque during the installation process to ensure a firm connection. Wiring connection: Connect the cable of the transducer to the external junction box through the wire passing hole inside the mounting base, and pay attention to the correct connection of the positive and negative poles. Weld the wiring points in the junction box or use wiring terminals for a firm connection, and perform double insulation and sealing treatment with insulating tape and sealant to prevent dust and moisture from entering. After the connection is completed, conduct an insulation resistance test on the circuit to ensure that the resistance value meets the equipment requirements and avoid the risks of short circuit or electric leakage. Ultrasonic generator installation: Install the ultrasonic generator in a dry, well-ventilated place near the powder lock hopper that is convenient for operation and maintenance, such as in a dedicated equipment control cabinet. Fix the generator with shock pads to reduce the impact of the vibration generated during equipment operation on other equipment. Connect the power cord of the generator to a power line that meets the voltage requirements and ensure good grounding to prevent electric shock accidents. Finally, connect the control cable between the generator and the junction box to complete the entire electrical connection.

[0038] Debugging and operation: With the equipment installed and the powder lock hopper 2 not feeding material, turn on the ultrasonic generator for no-load debugging. Check whether the frequency and power output of the generator are normal, and observe whether there are abnormal vibrations or heating phenomena in the transducer. Use an ultrasonic detector to detect the intensity and frequency of the ultrasonic waves emitted by the transducer to ensure that they meet the set parameters. If problems are found, check the wiring connection, equipment parameter settings, etc. in a timely manner and make adjustments and repairs. Operation: After the no-load debugging is normal, start feeding material into the powder lock hopper 2. During the feeding process, gradually adjust the power and frequency of the ultrasonic generator, and determine the optimal working parameters according to the fluidity and processing effect of the material. Generally, when starting to feed material, the power can be set to 50% - 70% of the rated power, and the frequency can be selected between 30 - 40 kHz, and then make fine adjustments according to the actual situation. During the operation process, regularly check the operation status of the ultrasonic device 15, including the working temperature of the transducer, whether the wiring connection is loose, etc., and at the same time observe the material flow situation in the powder lock hopper. If material agglomeration or blockage is found, adjust the equipment parameters or perform maintenance on the equipment in a timely manner.

[0039] In another technical solution, a heat tracing system is also provided in the atmospheric pressure powder silo 1, the lock hopper 2 and the feed tank 3. Since there is still about 5%-10% of internal water in the biomass during use, when the external temperature is too low, the moisture in the biomass near the outer wall may condense, resulting in agglomeration and caking, which will affect the stability of the feeding. Therefore, a heat tracing device can be set, and the general operating temperature is 80-110 degrees Celsius. The heat tracing system uses an electric heat tracing belt as the heating element, which has the advantages of uniform heating, high temperature control accuracy, convenient installation and maintenance, etc. The self-limiting temperature electric heat tracing belt can automatically adjust the heating power according to the ambient temperature, avoid local overheating, and improve safety and energy utilization efficiency. Temperature sensor: A high-precision platinum resistance temperature sensor is used, and its measurement accuracy can reach ±0.5°C, which can accurately detect the temperatures at different positions in the atmospheric pressure powder silo 1, the lock hopper 2 and the feed tank 3. A plurality of temperature sensors are evenly arranged in the atmospheric pressure powder silo 1, generally 1-2 are installed at the top, middle and bottom respectively to ensure comprehensive monitoring of the temperature change in the powder silo. The temperature sensors are connected to the temperature controller through special cables to transmit temperature data in real time. Temperature controller: An intelligent PID temperature controller is selected, which can automatically adjust the heating power of the electric heat tracing belt according to the preset temperature curve and the actually measured temperature. The controller has functions such as data display and alarm output, can display the temperature in the powder silo in real time, and send an alarm signal when the temperature exceeds the set range. The electric heat tracing belt is fixed to the inner wall of the atmospheric pressure powder silo 1 by special fixing clips to prevent the electric heat tracing belt from shifting during the process of material inlet and outlet. At the same time, the junction box of the electric heat tracing belt should be installed in a position convenient for operation and maintenance, and waterproof and dustproof treatments should be done. Installation of temperature sensor: The temperature sensor is installed at a position where the material in the powder silo is not likely to directly impact, such as an installation hole is opened on the powder silo wall, the temperature sensor is inserted and fixed, so that the temperature sensing part of the sensor is located at a certain depth inside the material to accurately measure the material temperature. The installation positions of the temperature sensors should be evenly distributed to ensure that the temperatures in different areas of the powder silo can be comprehensively reflected. In another technical solution, a dredging device 240 is provided in the powder lock hopper 2, which is a piston push rod that can move axially along the powder lock hopper 2 and is used to break the bridging structure of the biomass entering the powder lock hopper.

[0040] In the above technical solution, when the biomass material enters the powder lock hopper 2, the feeding stops when the material level reaches the specified position. After the feeding stops, it enters the pressurization stage. High-pressure carbon dioxide or nitrogen enters the second gas fluidization device 13 through the second fluidizing gas inlet to pressurize the lock hopper and fluidize the biomass material near the bottom to ensure its fluidity. Since the material near the upper part may be difficult to fluidize, a dredging device 240 is provided at the upper part of the powder lock hopper 2 to avoid bridging. The dredging device 240 is in the form of a piston push rod that can push the material in the tank.

[0041] Among them, for the selection of the dredging device 240: Piston push rod: A piston push rod made of high-strength stainless steel is selected, and its diameter is determined according to the size of the powder lock hopper 2. For a small powder lock hopper 2 (with a volume less than 10 cubic meters), the diameter of the piston push rod can be selected from 50 to 80 mm; for a medium-sized powder lock hopper (with a volume of 10 to 50 cubic meters), the diameter is 80 to 120 mm; for a large powder lock hopper (with a volume greater than 50 cubic meters), the diameter is 120 to 200 mm. The surface of the piston push rod is polished to reduce friction with the material. Driving mechanism: A hydraulic driving mechanism is used to push the piston push rod to move axially along the powder lock hopper 2. The hydraulic system has the advantages of large output force, stable operation, and high control accuracy. The output pressure of the hydraulic pump is selected according to the thrust required by the piston push rod. Generally, the output pressure of the hydraulic pump for a small powder lock hopper is 10 to 15 MPa, for a medium-sized one is 15 to 25 MPa, and for a large-sized one is 25 to 40 MPa. The hydraulic system is equipped with a relief valve to prevent the system pressure from being too high and ensure the safe operation of the equipment. The control system also has a manual operation function, which is convenient for operators to intervene when necessary. Installation location: Installation layout: An installation hole is opened at a 45-degree downward slope on the side wall of the powder lock hopper 2 for installing the piston push rod and related driving devices. The diameter of the installation hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the piston push rod to ensure that the piston push rod can move up and down smoothly. Installation of the driving mechanism: The hydraulic driving mechanism is installed on a special bracket at the top of the powder lock hopper 2. The bracket is made of high-strength steel and is firmly connected to the top of the lock hopper. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the piston push rod through a flange to ensure a firm and reliable connection. The oil pipes of the hydraulic system use high-pressure oil pipes. When connecting various components, ensure that the oil pipe layout is reasonable, does not interfere with other equipment, and at the same time, take protective measures to prevent the oil pipes from being damaged.

[0042] In another technical solution, a first pipeline inflator 4 is provided on the pipeline between the first biomass outlet 110 and the second biomass inlet 200 and near the first biomass outlet 110, and a first conveying gas inlet is provided thereon; a second pipeline inflator 5 is provided on the pipeline between the second biomass outlet 210 and the third biomass inlet 300 and near the second biomass outlet 210, and a second conveying gas inlet is provided thereon; the third biomass outlet 310 is connected to the gasification reactor through a discharge pipeline, and a third pipeline inflator 6 and a flow regulating device are provided on the discharge pipeline near the third biomass outlet 310, and a third conveying gas inlet is provided on the third pipeline inflator 6; Among them, the first conveying gas inlet, the second conveying gas inlet, and the third conveying gas inlet are respectively connected to corresponding gas sources to inject gas into the corresponding pipelines.

[0043] In the above technical solution, two powder lock hoppers 2 can be selected according to the project scale, such as Figure 1As shown, each powder lock hopper 2 corresponds to a first biomass outlet 110. That is, two first biomass outlets 110 are provided in a normal-pressure powder bin 1 and respectively communicate with two powder lock hoppers 2. The biomass material enters the normal-pressure powder bin discharge pipeline 190 through the first biomass outlet 110, and a first pipeline aerator 4 is provided thereon. The biomass material enters the first conveying gas inlet, and the air source supplies supplementary air to the first pipeline aerator 4, thereby improving the fluidity of the biomass in the pipeline, ensuring smooth material transportation, and avoiding blockage. When the biomass material enters the powder lock hopper discharge pipeline 291 through the second biomass outlet 210 provided at the bottom of the powder lock hopper 2, a second pipeline aerator 5 is provided thereon, and the working principle is the same as that of the first pipeline aerator 4. Similarly, when the biomass material enters the powder feeder tank discharge pipeline 360 through the third biomass outlet 310 provided at the bottom of the powder feeder tank 3, a third pipeline aerator 6 is provided thereon, and the working principle is the same as that of the first pipeline aerator 4, improving the fluidity of the biomass material in the corresponding pipeline, ensuring smooth material transportation, and avoiding blockage.

[0044] The inside of the inflator adopts a special gas distribution structure, which can evenly disperse the injected gas in the pipeline and effectively promote the flow of materials. Installation location and method: Installation of the first pipeline inflator 4: On the pipeline between the first biomass outlet 110 and the second biomass inlet 200, about 0.5 - 1 meter away from the first biomass outlet 110, install the first pipeline inflator 4. When installing, ensure that the gas injection direction of the inflator is consistent with the material conveying direction to give full play to its role in promoting materials. After installation, connect the first conveying gas inlet to the corresponding gas source through a pressure-resistant pipeline, and seal the connection well to prevent gas leakage. Installation of the second pipeline inflator 5: On the pipeline between the second biomass outlet 210 and the third biomass inlet 300, install the second pipeline inflator 5 about 0.8 - 1.2 meters close to the second biomass outlet 210. The installation method is similar to that of the first pipeline inflator. According to the pipeline size and the inflator interface, use a suitable connection method to fix the inflator. Ensure that the gas injection direction is consistent with the material conveying direction, connect the second conveying gas inlet to the gas source, and do a good job in sealing. Installation of the third pipeline inflator 6 and the flow regulating device 10: On the discharge pipeline of the third biomass outlet 310, about 1 - 1.5 meters away from the third biomass outlet 310, first install the third pipeline inflator 6, and then install the flow regulating device 10 at a suitable position downstream. The installation direction of the third pipeline inflator 6 also needs to ensure that the gas injection helps the materials to be transported to the gasification reactor. Connect the third conveying gas inlet to the high-pressure gas source to ensure stable gas supply, and at the same time ensure the tightness and stability of the entire installation system. Operation control: Gas source control: The first conveying gas inlet, the second conveying gas inlet and the third conveying gas inlet are respectively connected to the corresponding gas source equipment, such as an air compressor, a nitrogen storage tank or a carbon dioxide gas source. Through the pressure regulating device and the flow control valve on the gas source equipment, according to the material conveying situation in the pipeline, accurately control the pressure and flow of the injected gas. For example, at the first pipeline inflator 4, when the material conveying is not smooth, appropriately increase the gas source pressure and increase the gas flow to push the materials forward; when the material conveying is normal, maintain a stable gas pressure and flow to ensure uniform material conveying. Coordinated operation with the system: The operation of the pipeline inflator works in coordination with the entire biomass feeding system. When the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1 feeds the powder lock hopper 2, the first pipeline inflator 4 automatically adjusts the parameters of the injected gas according to the data fed back by the material flow and pressure sensors at the first biomass outlet 110. If the material flow is large and the pressure is high, appropriately increase the gas flow and pressure to assist the materials to smoothly enter the powder lock hopper; otherwise, reduce accordingly. Similarly, the second pipeline inflator 5 adjusts the gas parameters according to the material state between the powder lock hopper 2 and the powder feeding tank 3; the third pipeline inflator 6 adjusts the gas injection according to the material flow on the discharge pipeline 360 of the powder feeding tank and the feeding demand of the gasification reactor, and at the same time coordinates with the flow regulating device to ensure a stable and appropriate material flow into the gasification reactor.Emergency control: An emergency control program is set up. When emergencies such as blockage or abnormal pressure increase occur in the pipeline, the control system automatically activates the emergency mode. For the first pipeline inflator 4 and the second pipeline inflator 5, the gas pressure and flow rate are rapidly increased to try to disperse the blocked materials. For the third pipeline inflator 6, while increasing the gas-assisted transportation, the flow regulating device 10 immediately adjusts the material flow rate to prevent a large amount of materials from surging into the gasification reactor and causing equipment damage. At the same time, the system issues an alarm to notify the operator to conduct inspections and handling.

[0045] In another technical solution, a second pressure detection device 250 is provided in the powder lock hopper 2, and a second pressure balance port 260 is provided at the top of the powder lock hopper 2; a third pressure detection device 330 is provided in the powder feeding tank 3, and a third pressure balance port 340 is provided at the top of the powder feeding tank 3. Among them, the working pressure of the powder lock hopper 2 and the powder feeding tank 3 is 0.5 Mpa to 10 Mpa, and the working pressure of the powder feeding tank 3 is 0.5 Mpa to 2 Mpa higher than the working pressure of the gasification reactor.

[0046] In the above technical solution, when the pressure in the powder lock hopper 2 is normal pressure, biomass materials are received. The materials enter the second biomass inlet 200 through the normal pressure powder bin discharge pipeline 190 and then enter the powder lock hopper 2. The powder lock hopper 2 is equipped with a level detection device, such as the acoustic level detection device 11 shown in the figure. When the level reaches the specified position, the feeding stops. After the feeding stops, it enters the pressurization stage. High-pressure carbon dioxide or nitrogen enters the second gas fluidization device 13 through the second fluidizing gas inlet 220 to pressurize the powder lock hopper 2 and fluidize the biomass materials near the bottom to ensure their fluidity. Since the materials near the upper part may be difficult to fluidize, the powder lock hopper 2 is also equipped with a dredging device 218 to avoid bridging. When the second pressure detection device 250 indicates that the specified pressure has been reached, the discharging starts. To ensure fluidity, gas will still enter the lock hopper. At this time, pressure regulation can be carried out through the second pressure balance port 260. The gas in the powder lock hopper 2 enters the powder lock hopper pressure balance pipeline 280 through the powder lock hopper filter 8 and finally enters the normal pressure powder bin filter 7. Biomass enters the powder lock hopper discharge pipeline 291 from the second biomass outlet 210 at the bottom of the powder lock hopper 2. A second pipeline inflator 8 is provided on the powder lock hopper discharge pipeline 291, and its working principle is the same as that of the normal pressure powder bin pipeline inflator. When the materials in the powder lock hopper 2 are too low, the discharging stops, and the pressure is reduced through the pressure relief port 270. The gas enters the normal pressure powder bin filter 7 through the powder lock hopper pressure relief pipeline 290. When the pressure drops to normal pressure, it enters the feeding stage and starts to receive biomass materials.

[0047] The biomass material leaving the powder lock hopper 2 enters the powder feed tank 3 through the powder lock hopper discharge pipeline 291 from the third biomass feed inlet 300. The number of the third biomass feed inlets 300 is determined according to the number of the powder lock hoppers 2, and one powder lock hopper 2 corresponds to one third biomass feed inlet 300. A level detection device is provided on the powder feed tank 3, which can be any one of tank weighing, acoustic detection or radiation level gauge. As shown in the figure, it is a radiation level gauge, which consists of a radiation generator 370 and a radiation receiver 380. When the level is too low, the powder lock hopper 2 replenishes the material. The powder feed tank 3 conducts powder transportation by maintaining a pressure difference. Generally, the pressure of the powder feed tank 3 must be 0.5 - 2 Mpa higher than that of the gasification reactor. Taking the pressure of the gasification reactor as 4.0 Mpa as an example, the pressure of the powder feed tank 3 should be 4.5 - 6 Mpa, and the pressure of the powder lock hopper 2 will be slightly higher than the pressure of the feed tank. The powder feed tank 3 is pressurized with nitrogen or carbon dioxide. The high-pressure gas enters the powder feed tank 3 from the third fluidizing gas inlet 320. The third gas fluidizing device 14 will increase the fluidity of the bottom gas by fluidization. The third pressure detection device 330 will monitor the pressure of the powder feed tank 3 in real time. When the pressure is too low, the fluidization gas flow rate is increased. When the pressure is too high, the pressure is adjusted by the third pressure balance port 340. The gas will enter the powder feed tank filter 9 from the third pressure balance port 340, and then enter the powder feed tank pressure balance pipeline 350 and enter the atmospheric pressure powder silo filter 7. According to the scale of the gasification reactor, at least one or more third biomass outlets 310 can be provided on the powder feed tank 3. The biomass leaves the powder feed tank 3 from the third biomass outlet 310 and enters the powder feed tank discharge pipeline 360. One third biomass outlet 310 corresponds to one third pipeline inflator 6 and a flow regulating device 10. The flow regulating device 10 can regulate the biomass flow rate on the single powder feed tank discharge pipeline 360.

[0048] In another technical solution, the biomass high-pressure continuous feeding device further includes: An atmospheric pressure powder silo filter 7, which is located above the atmospheric pressure powder silo 1 and is communicated with the first pressure balance port 140 through the atmospheric pressure powder silo pressure balance pipeline 160; A powder lock hopper filter 8, which is located above the powder lock hopper 2 and is communicated with the second pressure balance port 260 through one end of the powder lock hopper balance pipeline 280. The other end of the powder lock hopper balance pipeline 280 is communicated with the atmospheric pressure powder silo filter 7 to return the filtered gas to the atmospheric pressure powder silo filter 7; A powder feed tank filter 9, which is located above the powder feed tank 3 and is communicated with the third pressure balance port 340 through one end of the powder feed tank pressure balance pipeline 350. The other end of the powder feed tank pressure balance pipeline 350 is communicated with the atmospheric pressure powder silo filter 7 to return the filtered gas to the atmospheric pressure powder silo filter 7.

[0049] In the above technical solution, filter selection: For the atmospheric pressure powder bin filter 7, a bag filter is selected as the atmospheric pressure powder bin filter 7. The filtration area is determined according to the volume and gas flow rate of the atmospheric pressure powder bin. For example, for an atmospheric pressure powder bin 1 with a volume of 100 cubic meters and a gas flow rate of 1000 - 1500 cubic meters per hour, a filter with a filtration area of 50 - 80 square meters can be selected. For the powder lock hopper filter 8, a cyclone - bag combined filter is used. The cyclone separator can first remove larger - sized dust particles in the gas, reducing the burden on the bag filter and improving the overall filtration efficiency. The filtration area is selected according to the volume and gas flow rate of the powder lock hopper 2. For a powder lock hopper 2 with a volume of 30 - 50 cubic meters and a gas flow rate of 500 - 800 cubic meters per hour, a filter with a filtration area of 20 - 30 square meters can be selected. The filter is equipped with an automatic dust discharging device to timely discharge the separated dust and prevent dust accumulation from affecting the filtration effect. For the powder feeding tank filter 9, a sintered metal filter is selected. The filter element is made of sintered metal, which has the advantages of high strength and high pressure resistance, and is suitable for gas filtration in the relatively high - pressure environment inside the powder feeding tank 3. The filtration area of the filter element is determined according to the volume and gas flow rate of the powder feeding tank 3. For a powder feeding tank with a volume of 20 cubic meters and a gas flow rate of 300 - 500 cubic meters per hour, a filter with a filtration area of 10 - 15 square meters can be selected. The filter is equipped with a differential pressure monitoring device to continuously monitor the pressure difference across the filter element. When the pressure difference exceeds the set value, it prompts to replace the filter element. Installation location and connection method: Installation of the atmospheric pressure powder bin filter 7: The atmospheric pressure powder bin filter 7 is installed at a suitable position above the top of the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1. One end of the atmospheric pressure powder bin pressure balance pipeline 160 is connected to the air inlet of the atmospheric pressure powder bin filter 7, and the other end is connected to the first pressure balance port 140 through a flange. The pipe diameter of the pressure balance pipeline is determined according to the gas flow rate and pressure drop requirements, generally 150 - 200 mm. Installation of the powder lock hopper filter 8: The powder lock hopper filter 8 is installed above the top of the powder lock hopper 2. One end of the powder lock hopper balance pipeline 280 is connected to the air outlet of the powder lock hopper filter 8, and the other end is connected to the air inlet of the atmospheric pressure powder bin filter 7 to realize the reflux of the filtered gas. The pipe diameter of the powder lock hopper balance pipeline 280 is determined according to the gas flow rate inside the powder lock hopper, generally 80 - 120 mm. Installation of the powder feeding tank filter 9: The powder feeding tank filter 9 is installed above the top of the powder feeding tank 3. One end of the powder feeding tank pressure balance pipeline 350 is connected to the air outlet of the powder feeding tank filter 9, and the other end is connected to the air inlet of the atmospheric pressure powder bin filter 7. The pipe diameter of the powder feeding tank pressure balance pipeline 350 is determined according to the gas flow rate inside the powder feeding tank, generally 60 - 100 mm.

[0050] In another technical solution, level detection devices are provided in the atmospheric pressure powder silo 1, the powder lock hopper 2, and the powder feeding tank 3, and the level detection device is a tank weighing device, an acoustic wave detection device, or a radiation type level gauge.

[0051] In the above technical solution, as Figure 2 shown, the tank weighing device 150 is provided in the atmospheric pressure powder silo 1 to detect the quantity of biomass materials in the atmospheric pressure powder silo 1, and feeding will stop when it reaches a certain level. As Figure 3 shown, the acoustic wave level detection device 11 is provided on the powder lock hopper 2 to stop feeding when the biomass materials in the powder lock hopper 2 reach the specified position. After stopping feeding, it enters the pressurization stage. As Figure 4 shown, the radiation type level gauge is provided in the powder feeding tank 3, which consists of a radiation type level gauge transmitter 370 and a radiation type level gauge receiver 380, and is used to detect the biomass materials in the powder feeding tank 3. When the level is too low, the powder lock hopper 2 replenishes the materials to it.

[0052] Among them, the atmospheric pressure powder silo tank weighing device 150: A high-precision strain gauge weighing sensor is selected as the core component of the tank weighing device 150. This type of sensor has high measurement accuracy and can accurately detect the change in the weight of the biomass material in the atmospheric pressure powder silo 1. According to the size of the atmospheric pressure powder silo and the expected weight of the loaded material, a weighing sensor with an appropriate range is selected. For example, for an atmospheric pressure powder silo with a volume of 100 cubic meters and a full-load material weight of about 50 tons, a weighing sensor with a range of 80 tons can be selected. The supporting weighing display controller has functions such as data processing and alarm output, can convert the weight signal collected by the sensor into intuitive material quantity data, and output a control signal when the material reaches the set quantity. The acoustic level detection device 11 of the powder lock hopper 2: An ultrasonic level gauge is used as the acoustic level detection device 11. It measures the level by using the principle that ultrasonic waves propagate in the air and are reflected by the surface of the material. For a powder lock hopper with a volume of 30 - 50 cubic meters, an ultrasonic level gauge with a range of 0 - 10 meters can be selected. The ultrasonic frequency emitted by the level gauge is generally between 20 - 40 kHz, which can effectively avoid interference such as dust. The supporting controller can set the alarm value, and when the material reaches the specified position, it automatically outputs a signal to stop feeding. The radiation level gauge of the powder feeding tank 3: The radiation level gauge consists of a radiation level gauge transmitter 370 and a radiation level gauge receiver 380. The radiation level gauge transmitter selects a γ-ray source with a low radioactive intensity, such as cesium-137, whose radiation intensity meets the safety standards and can effectively penetrate the tank body and material of the powder feeding tank 3. The radiation level gauge receiver 380 uses a high-sensitivity scintillation detector, which can accurately receive the ray signal passing through the material and convert it into an electrical signal. The supporting signal processing unit can accurately calculate the level height according to the change in the received ray intensity. For a powder feeding tank 3 with a volume of 20 cubic meters, a radiation level gauge suitable for the tank size and material characteristics is selected to ensure the accuracy of level detection. Operation control Atmospheric pressure powder silo material control: Connect the tank weighing device 150 of the atmospheric pressure powder silo 1 to the controller of the biomass feeding system. Preset the weight value for stopping the addition of material in the controller. When the weighing display controller detects that the material weight in the atmospheric pressure powder silo reaches this set value, it immediately sends a stop signal to the feeding equipment (such as conveyor belts, screw conveyors, etc.) to stop feeding into the atmospheric pressure powder silo. At the same time, the controller can upload the material weight data to the monitoring system in real time, facilitating the operator to grasp the material inventory in the powder silo at any time. Powder lock hopper 2 material control: When the powder lock hopper 2 starts feeding, the ultrasonic level gauge of the acoustic level detection device 11 monitors the material position in real time. Set the position value for stopping the addition of material in the supporting controller. When the level gauge detects that the material reaches this specified position, the controller immediately sends a closing signal to the feeding valve (such as electric ball valve, pneumatic gate valve, etc.) to stop feeding the powder lock hopper.Subsequently, the system automatically enters the pressure charging stage. By introducing high-pressure gas into the powder lock hopper, the pressure inside the lock hopper increases, preparing for the subsequent conveying of materials to the powder feed tank. Material control of the powder feed tank 3: The radiation type level gauge of the powder feed tank 3 continuously monitors the material level inside the tank. The signal processing unit transmits the level data to the control system, and a low level alarm value for material replenishment is set in the control system. When the radiation type level gauge detects that the material level is lower than the set value, the control system automatically sends an opening signal to the discharge valve of the powder lock hopper 2, and at the same time sends an instruction to the pressure charging system of the powder lock hopper 2, enabling the powder lock hopper 2 to replenish materials to the powder feed tank 3 under appropriate pressure. When the material level in the powder feed tank reaches an appropriate height, the control system automatically closes the discharge valve of the powder lock hopper 2 and stops material replenishment.

[0053] In another technical solution, the apex angles of the tapered sections of the first biomass outlet 110, the second biomass outlet 210, and the third biomass outlet 310 are less than or equal to 45 degrees.

[0054] The apex angle of the tapered section being less than or equal to 45 degrees is less than the angle of repose of the vast majority of biomass, and the material is more likely to slide down along the tapered section under the action of gravity. Taking the first biomass outlet 110 as an example, when the material is conveyed from the atmospheric pressure powder bin 1 to the powder lock hopper 2, the smaller apex angle can increase the component force of the gravity of the material along the wall surface of the tapered section, thereby more effectively overcoming the friction between the material and the wall surface, promoting the self-flow of the material, and reducing the risk of blockage. Compared with the tapered section with a larger apex angle, the flow rate of the material is faster and the conveying efficiency is higher under this design.

[0055] Reducing material accumulation: At the second biomass outlet of the powder lock hopper 2, the smaller apex angle can make the distribution of the material at the outlet more uniform, and it is not easy to have the situation of material accumulation in the corners. Since the material can pass through the outlet quickly and evenly, it avoids the compaction and caking phenomena caused by material accumulation, ensures the fluidity of the material, and is beneficial to the subsequent conveying to the powder feed tank. This is of great significance for preventing material blockage at key positions and ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the entire feeding system.

[0056] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the field, additional modifications can be easily achieved. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the embodiments shown and described here.

Claims

1. A biomass high pressure continuous feeding device, characterized in that: include: At least one atmospheric powder bin, with a first biomass feed inlet at the top, a first biomass outlet and a first fluidizing gas inlet at the bottom, the first biomass feed inlet being connected to the discharge port of the biomass crushing device; At least one powder lock hopper is arranged below the normal pressure powder bin, a second biomass feed inlet is arranged on the top of the powder lock hopper and is connected to the first biomass outlet through a pipeline, and a second biomass outlet and a second fluidizing gas inlet are arranged on the bottom of the powder lock hopper; At least one powder feeding tank is arranged below the powder lock hopper, a third biomass feed port is arranged on the top of the powder feeding tank, and the third biomass feed port is connected to the second biomass outlet through a pipeline, at least one third biomass outlet and a third fluidizing gas inlet are arranged on the bottom of the powder feeding tank, and the third biomass outlet is connected to the gasification reactor; Among them, the first fluidizing gas inlet, the second fluidizing gas inlet and the third fluidizing gas inlet are respectively connected to the corresponding gas sources to transport carbon dioxide, nitrogen or inert gas into the normal pressure powder bin, the powder lock hopper and the powder feeding tank to maintain the corresponding gas pressure.

2. The biomass high pressure continuous feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first pressure detecting device is provided in the atmospheric pressure powder silo, and a first pressure balancing port is provided on the top of the atmospheric pressure powder silo; when the first pressure detecting device detects that the pressure in the atmospheric pressure powder silo is less than 0.102 MPa, the controller controls the first fluidizing gas inlet to open to deliver carbon dioxide, nitrogen or inert gas to the atmospheric pressure powder silo so that the pressure in the atmospheric pressure powder silo is maintained in a micro-pressure environment of 0.102-0.105 MPa; when the first pressure detecting device detects that the pressure in the atmospheric pressure powder silo is greater than 0.105 MPa, the controller controls the first pressure balancing port to open to adjust the pressure in the atmospheric pressure powder silo.

3. The biomass high pressure continuous feeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An ultrasonic device is installed on the inner wall of the powder lock hopper. For a powder lock hopper with a volume less than 10 cubic meters, an ultrasonic device with a power of 200-500 W is selected; for a powder lock hopper with a volume of 10-50 cubic meters, an ultrasonic device with a power of 500-1000 W is selected; for a powder lock hopper with a volume greater than 50 cubic meters, an ultrasonic device with a power of 1000-2000 W is selected.

4. The biomass high pressure continuous feeding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A heating system is also provided in the normal pressure powder bin, the lock hopper and the feed tank, and the heating system maintains the temperature in the normal pressure powder bin, the lock hopper and the feed tank in the range of 80 to 110°C.

5. The biomass high pressure continuous feeding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A dredging device is arranged in the powder lock bucket, which is a piston push rod that can move along the axial direction of the powder lock bucket and is used to destroy the bridging structure of the biomass entering the powder lock bucket.

6. The biomass high pressure continuous feeding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first pipeline aerator is provided on the pipeline between the first biomass outlet and the second biomass feed inlet and near the first biomass outlet, and a first conveying gas inlet is provided on the pipeline; a second pipeline aerator is provided on the pipeline between the second biomass outlet and the third biomass feed inlet and near the second biomass outlet, and a second conveying gas inlet is provided on the pipeline; the third biomass outlet is connected to the gasification reactor through a discharge pipeline, and a third pipeline aerator and a flow regulating device are provided on the discharge pipeline and near the third biomass outlet, and a third conveying gas inlet is provided on the third pipeline aerator; The first delivery gas inlet, the second delivery gas inlet, and the third delivery gas inlet are respectively connected to corresponding gas sources to inject gas into corresponding pipelines.

7. The biomass high pressure continuous feeding device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second pressure detection device is provided in the powder lock hopper, and a second pressure balance port is provided on the top of the powder lock hopper; a third pressure detection device is provided in the powder feed tank, and a third pressure balance port is provided on the top of the powder feed tank; Among them, the working pressure of the powder lock hopper and the powder feeding tank is 0.5 Mpa to 10 Mpa, and the working pressure of the powder feeding tank is 0.5 Mpa to 2 Mpa higher than the working pressure of the gasification reactor.

8. The biomass high pressure continuous feeding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: A normal pressure powder bin filter, which is located above the normal pressure powder bin and is connected to the first pressure balance port through a normal pressure powder bin pressure balance pipeline; A powder lock hopper filter is located above the powder lock hopper and is connected to the second pressure balance port through one end of a powder lock hopper balance pipeline, and the other end of the powder lock hopper balance pipeline is connected to the normal pressure powder silo filter to return the filtered gas to the normal pressure powder silo filter; The powder feeding tank filter is located above the powder feeding tank and is connected to the third pressure balance port through one end of the powder feeding tank pressure balance pipeline. The other end of the powder feeding tank pressure balance pipeline is connected to the atmospheric pressure powder silo filter to return the filtered gas to the atmospheric pressure powder silo filter.

9. The biomass high-pressure continuous feeding device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The normal pressure powder bin, powder lock hopper and powder feeding tank are all provided with material level detection devices, which are tank weighing devices, sonic wave detection devices or ray-type material level meters.

10. The biomass high pressure continuous feeding device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The top angles of the conical sections of the first biomass outlet, the second biomass outlet, and the third biomass outlet are less than or equal to 45 degrees.

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