Tower crane foundation bolt leveling device and construction method applying same

Abstract

The invention discloses a tower crane foundation bolt leveling device which comprises nut leveling and tightening mechanisms in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of foundation bolts on each of four corners of the bottom of a tower crane, a control mechanism is arranged in the middle of the nut leveling and tightening mechanism at the same corner, and a calibration mechanism is arranged on each nut leveling and tightening mechanism at the same corner. The calibration mechanism is connected with the signal input end of the control mechanism, the nut leveling and tightening mechanisms are arranged in the circumferential direction of the side wall of the control mechanism through the linkage mechanism and connected with the side wall of the control mechanism, and the signal output end of the control mechanism is connected with the signal input ends of the nut leveling and tightening mechanisms. The invention further discloses a construction method using the tower crane foundation bolt leveling device. The safety control problem caused by high safety control difficulty, high safety accident rate and the like of traditional tower crane operation is solved, and the method can be widely applied to the field of tower crane construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to tower crane construction, and in particular to a leveling device for tower crane anchor bolts and a construction method using the device. Background Art

[0002] As a commonly used lifting equipment in construction, the stability and safety of tower cranes are crucial for the entire construction process. Anchor bolts, as key components connecting the tower crane to the foundation, their installation quality and firmness directly affect the use safety and operating efficiency of the tower crane. Therefore, ensuring the accurate installation and leveling of anchor bolts is an important task in tower crane foundation construction. During the construction process of the tower crane foundation, due to various factors such as the soil quality of the foundation and construction conditions, the foundation may experience uneven settlement or inclination. In this case, if no measures are taken in time for leveling treatment, it will seriously affect the stability and safety of the tower crane. Therefore, adjusting the anchor bolts to achieve the leveling of the foundation is an effective means to solve this problem. The technical principle of leveling the tower crane anchor bolts is mainly based on the cooperation relationship between the bolt and the nut. By adjusting the position of the nut on the bolt, the pre-tightening force of the bolt on the foundation can be changed, thereby achieving fine adjustment and leveling of the foundation. During the leveling process, measuring tools such as a level are required to accurately measure the foundation to ensure that the leveled foundation meets the design requirements.

[0003] At this time, a leveling device for tower crane anchor bolts is needed to fine-tune and level the foundation. By adjusting the position and pre-tightening force of the anchor bolts, the flatness and stability of the tower crane foundation can be ensured, thereby guaranteeing the installation quality and operating safety of the tower crane. At the same time, it can reduce labor costs and operation time, improve operation efficiency and reduce construction costs.

[0004] In the traditional construction process, the working principle of the leveling device for tower crane anchor bolts is based on the cooperation relationship between the bolt and the nut and mechanical principles. During the leveling process, construction workers first use measuring tools to accurately measure the foundation to determine the specific position and height difference that need to be leveled. Then, by rotating the nut, the position of the bolt in the foundation is changed to make the foundation reach the expected flatness. During the adjustment process, measuring tools need to be continuously used for monitoring and correction to ensure the leveling accuracy. However, due to technical limitations and the increasing height of the building, the height of the tower crane required during construction is getting higher and higher. Therefore, the safety importance of the tower crane foundation is also becoming more and more prominent. The existing leveling devices for tower crane anchor bolts generally have the difficulties of high cost, complex operation, and poor accuracy, and cannot directly reduce various problems encountered during the installation and leveling of tower crane anchor bolts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned background technology, and provide a leveling device for tower crane anchor bolts and a construction method using this device, so as to solve the safety control problems caused by the large difficulty in safety control during tower crane operation, high safety accident rate, complex safety plan, and low efficiency of updating and optimization in the traditional construction site construction process.

[0006] A leveling device for tower crane anchor bolts provided by the present invention includes nut leveling and tightening mechanisms corresponding to several anchor bolts at each of the four corners at the bottom of the tower crane. A control mechanism is arranged in the middle of the nut leveling and tightening mechanisms at the same corner. A calibration mechanism is arranged on each nut leveling and tightening mechanism at the same corner. The calibration mechanism is connected to the signal input end of the control mechanism. Each nut leveling and tightening mechanism is respectively arranged circumferentially along the side wall of the control mechanism through a linkage mechanism and is connected to the side wall of the control mechanism. The signal output end of the control mechanism is respectively connected to the signal input end of the nut leveling and tightening mechanism.

[0007] In the above technical solution, each nut leveling and tightening mechanism has an adaptive nut leveling sleeve with one end closed and the other end open. An electric motor with its power end vertically downward is arranged on the inner wall of the top of the closed end of the adaptive nut leveling sleeve. A clamping mechanism for clamping the nut and facilitating rotation and coaxial with the power end of the electric motor is arranged at the end of the power end of the electric motor.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the clamping mechanism includes a conical top coaxially connected to the power end of the electric motor and a frustum-shaped bin coaxially connected to the conical top. The frustum-shaped bin has a structure with a larger top and a smaller bottom. A ring is arranged circumferentially on the inner side of the bottom of the frustum-shaped bin.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the calibration mechanism is an omnidirectional laser calibrator. The omnidirectional laser calibrator is arranged on the side wall of the corresponding adaptive nut leveling sleeve. A control unit is arranged on the adaptive nut leveling sleeve. A reducer and a torque sensor are built in the electric motor. The torque sensor is connected to the signal end of the control unit. The control end of the control unit is connected to the signal end of the electric motor.

[0010] In the above technical solution, a flexible washer coaxially arranged with it is arranged inside the frustum-shaped bin. Multiple circles of concave and convex patterns are arranged on the side wall of the flexible washer.

[0011] In the above technical solution, a cavity is arranged inside the conical top. A conical gland coaxially arranged with it is arranged in the cavity of the conical top. The power end of the electric motor passes through the conical top and the top of the conical gland in sequence and is connected to the bottom of the conical gland. A spring with one end connected to the inner wall of the top of the conical gland and the other end connected to the bottom of the conical gland is sleeved on the power end of the electric motor.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the linkage mechanism is a telescopic link mechanism. The telescopic link mechanism includes an inner rod and a sleeve that are sleeved together. A plurality of sliding grooves are provided on the outer wall of the inner rod along the axial direction, and the plurality of sliding grooves are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner rod. Guide blocks corresponding to the sliding grooves one by one are provided on the inner side of the end of the sleeve. A circular baffle coaxially connected thereto is provided at the end of the inner rod extending into the sleeve. The outer diameter of the circular baffle is larger than the inner diameter of the inner circle formed by the plurality of guide blocks but smaller than the inner diameter of the sleeve. The circular baffle forms a limiting surface for the movement of the guide blocks, and the other end of the sliding groove forms another limiting surface for the movement of the corresponding guide blocks.

[0013] In the above technical solution, one end of the inner rod is perpendicularly and threadedly connected to the side wall of the self-adaptive nut leveling sleeve, the sleeve is connected to the side wall of the control mechanism, and a pin hole coaxially arranged therewith is provided at the end of the inner rod extending into the self-adaptive nut leveling sleeve. The pin hole is matched with a pin built in the self-adaptive nut leveling sleeve.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the control end of the control mechanism is connected to the signal end of the control unit. The control mechanism is a positioning and comparison system. The positioning and comparison system includes: a data acquisition module that collects the height information of the nuts on the anchor bolts corresponding to each nut leveling and tightening mechanism at each corner of the tower crane through an omnidirectional laser calibrator; a data processing module that analyzes and processes the collected height information in real time to level each nut leveling and tightening mechanism with each other so that the nuts reach the same average height; a comparison module that compares the same average height of the nuts with preset reference information to verify the specific height information of the nuts on the relative plane; and an output module that outputs the comparison result in the form of a digital signal to the control units on each nut leveling and tightening mechanism. The control unit controls the motor, the conical top, the frustum bin, the ring, and the flexible washer to cooperate to adjust the rise or fall of the nut leveling and tightening mechanism so that the nuts on each anchor bolt reach relative balance.

[0015] The present invention also provides a construction method using the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device. Using the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device, the method includes the following steps: S1. Design the construction plan in combination with the actual situation of the project and relevant building construction specifications. Select an appropriate construction site, clean the construction area, ensure that the construction site is flat and free of debris, calibrate the foundation position, set up safety passages and warning signs, and measure and mark the position line of the foundation (14) to ensure that the construction complies with the design line; S2. After setting the foundation position line and the excavation line, conduct excavation according to the design requirements to ensure that the bottom of the foundation is flat. After excavation, clean and inspect to ensure that there is no debris and pollution, and conduct the acceptance of the foundation trench; S3. Conduct a subgrade probing on the base to check whether there is a soft soil layer in the foundation and deal with the foundation problems. Then construct the concrete foundation, place the prefabricated steel bars at the bottom and sides of the foundation according to the specified spacing and layers, and tie them firmly; S4. After reserving the holes, insert the anchor bolts into the holes to ensure that the anchor bolts are in full contact with the holes. Then install nuts and washers on the anchor bolts; S5. Roughly tighten the nuts on the tower crane anchor bolts. Take the nuts at the same corner of the tower crane foundation as a group, place the control mechanism, deploy the telescopic link mechanism and adjust it to the appropriate position; S6. Use the nut leveling and tightening mechanism, gently place it on each nut, and use the telescopic link mechanism to adjust the position so that the adaptive nut leveling sleeve just fits directly above the nut; S7. After the adaptive nut leveling sleeve is put on, turn on the switch of the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device to enable the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device to first achieve adaptive balance operation, and let the nut at one corner first achieve the first balance on the relative plane; S8. At the other three corners of the tower crane foundation, repeat steps S5 to S7 to enable the nut leveling and tightening mechanisms at the other three corners to simultaneously achieve the preliminary balance of the nuts at other corners; S9. After the tower crane anchor bolt leveling devices at the four corners achieve the preliminary balance operation, turn on each tower crane anchor bolt leveling device again, and let each individual tower crane anchor bolt leveling device take the anchor bolts and nuts it covers as a unit, and conduct leveling operations again among the units to enable the four tower crane anchor bolt leveling devices on the foundation plane to achieve relative balance; S10. After completing the relative balance of the nut heights, the tower crane anchor bolt leveling devices at the four corners simultaneously tighten the anchor bolts downward. After the complete tightening operation is completed, the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device automatically stops operating; S11. Remove all the tower crane anchor bolt leveling devices to complete the operation.

[0016] The tower crane anchor bolt leveling device and the construction method using the device of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: The present invention is mainly used to solve the safety control problems caused by the high difficulty of safety control, high safety accident rate, complex safety plan, and low efficiency of updating and optimization during the construction process of traditional construction sites when tower cranes are required for operation, especially for tower crane installation operations that highly rely on anchor bolts.

[0017] By adjusting the position and pre-tightening force of the anchor bolts through the technical solution disclosed in the present invention, the flatness and stability of the tower crane foundation can be ensured, thereby guaranteeing the installation quality and operation safety of the tower crane. At the same time, the labor cost and operation time are reduced, the operation efficiency is improved, and the construction cost is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural view of the tower crane platform where the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device of the present invention is located; Figure 2 It is a top view of the structure of a unit of Embodiment 1 of the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a perspective view of the structure of a unit of Embodiment 1 of the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic internal structure view of the self-adaptive nut leveling sleeve in Embodiment 1 of the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic external structure view of the self-adaptive nut leveling sleeve in Embodiment 1 of the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic structural view of a single self-adaptive nut leveling sleeve and the telescopic connecting rod mechanism connected thereto in Embodiment 1 of the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic structural view of two self-adaptive nut leveling sleeves and the telescopic connecting rod mechanism connected thereto in Embodiment 1 of the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic architecture view of the control mechanism in Embodiment 2 of the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device of the present invention; Figure 9 It is a schematic flow chart of the construction method using the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device of the present invention; Figure 10 It is a schematic structural view of step S6 in the construction method using the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device of the present invention; Figure 11 It is a schematic structural view of step S7 in the construction method using the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments, but the embodiments should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0020] See Figures 1 to 3, the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device of the present invention includes a nut leveling and tightening mechanism corresponding to each of several anchor bolts 1 at each of the four corners at the bottom of the tower crane. A control mechanism is provided in the middle of the nut leveling and tightening mechanisms at the same corner. A calibration mechanism is provided on each nut leveling and tightening mechanism at the same corner. The calibration mechanism is connected to the signal input end of the control mechanism. Each nut leveling and tightening mechanism is respectively arranged circumferentially along the side wall of the control mechanism through a linkage mechanism and is connected to the side wall of the control mechanism. The signal output end of the control mechanism is respectively connected to the signal input end of the nut leveling and tightening mechanism.

[0021] Embodiment 1 See Figure 4 , each of the nut leveling and tightening mechanisms has an adaptive nut leveling sleeve 2 with one end closed and the other end open. An electric motor 3 with its power end vertically downward is provided on the inner wall of the top of the closed end of the adaptive nut leveling sleeve 2. A clamping mechanism for clamping the nut 4 and facilitating rotation and coaxial with the power end of the electric motor 3 is provided at the end of the power end of the electric motor 3.

[0022] The clamping mechanism includes a conical top 5 coaxially connected to the power end of the electric motor 3 and a frustum-shaped bin 6 coaxially connected to the conical top 5. The frustum-shaped bin 6 has a structure with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part. A ring 7 is circumferentially provided on the inner side of the bottom of the frustum-shaped bin 6. In this embodiment, a flexible washer 9 coaxially arranged with the frustum-shaped bin 6 is provided inside the frustum-shaped bin 6, and multiple circles of concave and convex patterns are provided on the side wall of the flexible washer 9.

[0023] See Figure 5 , in this embodiment, the calibration mechanism is an omnidirectional laser calibrator 8. The omnidirectional laser calibrator 8 is arranged on the side wall of the corresponding adaptive nut leveling sleeve 2. A control unit is provided on the adaptive nut leveling sleeve 2. A speed reducer (not shown in the figure) and a torque sensor (not shown in the figure) are built in the electric motor 3. The torque sensor is connected to the signal end of the control unit, and the control end of the control unit is connected to the signal end of the electric motor 3.

[0024] See Figure 4 , a cavity is provided inside the conical top 5. A conical gland 10 coaxially arranged with the conical top 5 is provided in the cavity of the conical top 5. The power end of the electric motor 3 passes through the top of the conical top 5 and the conical gland 10 in sequence and is connected to the bottom of the conical gland 10. A spring 11 with one end connected to the inner wall of the top of the conical gland 10 and the other end connected to the bottom of the conical gland 10 is sleeved on the power end of the electric motor 3.

[0025] See Figures 6 to 7, the linkage mechanism is a telescopic link mechanism 12. The telescopic link mechanism 12 includes an inner rod 121 and a sleeve 122 that are sleeved together. A plurality of sliding grooves 123 are axially provided on the outer wall of the inner rod 121, and the plurality of sliding grooves 123 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner rod 121. Guide blocks 124 corresponding to the sliding grooves 123 one by one are provided on the inner side of the end of the sleeve 122. A circular baffle 125 coaxially connected thereto is provided at the end of the inner rod 121 extending into the sleeve 122. The outer diameter of the circular baffle 125 is larger than the inner diameter of the inner circle formed by the plurality of guide blocks 124 but smaller than the inner diameter of the sleeve 122. The circular baffle 125 forms a limiting surface for the movement of the guide blocks 124, and the other end of the sliding groove 123 forms another limiting surface for the movement of the corresponding guide blocks 124. In this embodiment, one end of the inner rod 121 is perpendicularly and threadedly connected to the side wall of the adaptive nut leveling sleeve 2, the sleeve 122 is connected to the side wall of the control mechanism, and a pin hole 126 coaxially provided therewith is provided at the end of the inner rod 121 extending into the adaptive nut leveling sleeve 2. The pin hole 126 cooperates with a pin (not shown in the figure) built in the adaptive nut leveling sleeve 2. When the inner rod 121 is connected to the side wall of the adaptive nut leveling sleeve 2, in order to avoid conflict with the bottom power rod of the motor 3, the penetration depth of the inner rod 121 in the adaptive nut leveling sleeve 2 is fully considered in the spatial configuration.

[0026] Embodiment 2 This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, and the difference lies in: See Figure 8 , the control end of the control mechanism is connected to the signal end of the control unit. The control mechanism is a positioning and comparison system 13. The positioning and comparison system 13 includes: A data acquisition module 131, which collects the height information of the nuts 4 on the anchor bolts 1 corresponding to each nut leveling and tightening mechanism at each corner of the tower crane through an omnidirectional laser calibrator 8; A data processing module 132, which analyzes and processes the collected height information in real time, and mutually levels each nut leveling and tightening mechanism to make the nuts 4 reach the same average height; A comparison module 133, which compares the same average height of the nuts 4 with the preset reference information to verify the specific height information of the nuts 4 on the relative plane; An output module 134, which outputs the comparison result in the form of a digital signal to the control unit on each nut leveling and tightening mechanism. The control unit controls the motor 3, the conical top 5, the conical silo 6, the ring 7, and the flexible washer 9 to cooperate to adjust the nut leveling and tightening mechanism to rise or fall so that the nuts 4 on each anchor bolt 1 reach relative balance.

[0027] The present invention mainly consists of the following components: (1) The positioning and comparison system 13 The positioning comparison system 13 is a system that uses the infrared laser positioning system, i.e., the omnidirectional laser calibrator 8, to compare and assist in determining the target position or verifying the position accuracy. Such systems are widely used in robot navigation, autonomous driving, logistics tracking, personnel positioning, and other fields. Therefore, its technology is relatively mature and the price itself is not too high. Therefore, as the control mechanism of the present invention, the following are the four components of the positioning comparison system 13 used in the present invention. The first is a data acquisition module 131, which is responsible for collecting the position information of the four nut leveling and tightening mechanisms of the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device. These data are the position (height) information of the nut 4 on the anchor bolt 1, and the accuracy reaches 0.01 mm, so that the anchor bolt 1 is minimally affected; the second is a data processing module 132, which processes and analyzes the collected data in real time to operate the nut leveling and tightening mechanism to perform mutual leveling operations so that the nut 4 height is twisted to an average height; a comparison module 133 compares the processed data with the preset reference data to verify the specific position information of the nut 4 on the relative plane; an output module 134 outputs the comparison result in the form of a digital signal to the control unit on the four nut leveling and tightening mechanisms to adjust the nut leveling and tightening mechanism to rise or fall so that the nuts 4 on the four anchor bolts 1 reach relative balance (such as Figure 8 as shown).

[0028] (2) Nut leveling and tightening mechanism The nut leveling and tightening mechanism includes an adaptive nut leveling sleeve 2 ( Figure 5 As shown in the figure, and the nut tightening mechanism, during the research and development of the present invention, reference was made to the nut leveling operation devices currently on the market, all of which use wrenches as the main leveling operation equipment. However, in the actual operation process, due to limited operating space or excessive tightness, the operators may be injured due to excessive force or the operation efficiency may be reduced due to inability to operate. Therefore, a nut leveling and tightening mechanism for the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device is designed. The nut leveling and tightening mechanism can maintain sufficient contact under different nut 4 sizes and shapes to facilitate the twisting operation, thereby ensuring the accuracy and efficiency of the leveling operation, while reducing the operation cost.

[0029] Nut tightening mechanism ( Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the motor 3 transmits power to the torque conversion mechanism (the entire transmission pair including the motor 3), and then outputs the torque to the nut 4, so that the nut 4 reaches a certain tightening torque according to certain specifications and requirements. It mainly consists of the motor 3 (with a reducer and torque sensor) and the control unit.

[0030] (3) Telescopic linkage mechanism 12 The telescopic link mechanism 12 is usually composed of two sliding members, an inner one and an outer one. Four groups of telescopic link mechanisms 12 are fixed to the core mechanism through sliding connections. When one member is subjected to an external force, the other member will move axially along the sliding pair, thereby realizing the telescopic movement, enabling a tower crane anchor bolt leveling device to meet the operation requirements for anchor bolts 1 of various sizes; the telescopic link mechanism 12 is integrally connected to the control mechanism, and between the telescopic link mechanism 12 and the adaptive nut leveling sleeve 2, the relatively smaller diameter part of the telescopic link mechanism 12 is fixed to the adaptive nut leveling sleeve 2 through threaded connection (as Figure 6 shown), this structure enables the telescopic link mechanism 12 to change its length when subjected to an external force, thereby adapting to different operating conditions.

[0031] When the adaptive nut leveling sleeve 2 is working, first, the required torque value and rotation direction need to be set. Then, the torque of the nut 4 is detected in real time through a torque sensor. When the torque reaches the set value, the positioning and comparison system 13 will automatically stop outputting torque to ensure that the tightening torque of the nut 4 meets the accuracy requirements.

[0032] Embodiment 3 Refer to Figure 9 , the construction method of the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device of the present invention includes the following steps: S1. Design the construction plan in combination with the actual situation of the project and relevant building construction specifications, select an appropriate construction site, clean the construction area, ensure that the construction site is flat and free of debris, calibrate the position of the foundation 14, set up safety passages and warning signs, and measure and mark the position line of the foundation 14 to ensure that the construction complies with the design line; S2. After setting the position line and excavation line of the foundation 14, carry out excavation according to the design requirements to ensure that the bottom of the foundation 14 is flat. After excavation, clean and inspect to ensure that there is no debris and pollution, and conduct the acceptance of the foundation trench; S3. Conduct a sounding test on the base to check whether there is a soft soil layer in the foundation and deal with the foundation problems, and then construct the concrete foundation 14. Place the prefabricated steel bars at the bottom and sides of the foundation 14 according to the specified spacing and layers and tie them firmly; S4. After reserving the holes, insert the anchor bolts 1 into the holes to ensure full contact between the anchor bolts 1 and the holes, and then install nuts 4 and washers (not shown in the figure) on the anchor bolts 1; S5. Roughly tighten the nuts 4 on the tower crane anchor bolts 1. Take the four nuts 4 at the same corner of the tower crane foundation as a group, place the control mechanism, unfold the telescopic link mechanism 12 and adjust it to the appropriate position; S6. Refer to Figure 10, use the nut leveling and tightening mechanism, gently buckle on the four nuts 4, and use the telescopic link mechanism 12 to adjust the position so that the four self-adaptive nut leveling sleeves 2 are respectively just sleeved directly above the nuts 4; S7. Refer to Figure 11 , after the four self-adaptive nut leveling sleeves 2 are sleeved, start the switch of the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device, so that the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device first realizes the self-adaptive balance operation, and makes the nut 4 at one corner first realize the first balance on the relative plane; S8. At the other three corners of the tower crane foundation, repeat steps S5 to S7, so that the nut leveling and tightening mechanisms at the other three corners simultaneously realize the preliminary balance of the nuts 4 at other corners; S9. After the tower crane anchor bolt leveling devices at the four corners realize the preliminary balance operation, start each tower crane anchor bolt leveling device again, so that each individual tower crane anchor bolt leveling device takes the respective anchor bolts 1 and nuts 4 it covers as a unit (that is, each tower crane anchor bolt leveling device is used as a separate measurement point, corresponding to the tower crane anchor bolt leveling devices at the other three corners), and leveling operations are carried out again among the units, so that the four tower crane anchor bolt leveling devices on the foundation 14 plane realize relative balance; S10. After completing the relative balance of the height of the nuts 4, the tower crane anchor bolt leveling devices at the four corners simultaneously tighten the anchor bolts 1 downward. After the complete tightening operation is completed, the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device automatically stops operating; S11. Remove all tower crane anchor bolt leveling devices to complete the operation.

[0033] Innovation points: 1. Based on the traditional wrench and automatic screwdriver, a self-adaptive nut leveling sleeve 2 is designed, which takes into account the stability of the traditional wrench for the tightening and leveling operation of the nut 4 on the anchor bolt 1, and at the same time has the characteristics of simple operation and strong durability of the automatic screwdriver. Compared with the traditional operation method, the flexible washer 9 made of flexible material in the present invention enables the self-adaptive nut leveling sleeve 2 to have the advantages of strong adaptability, high precision, simple operation and strong durability.

[0034] 2. Considering the different position dimensions and tightening dimensions requirements of different tower crane anchor bolts 1, the telescopic link mechanism 12 is adopted for the linkage mechanism on the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device, which has strong adaptability.

[0035] 3. Since the leveling operation requires simultaneous balancing operations at the four corners of the tower base, an omnidirectional laser calibrator 8 with mature technology is used to assist the operators in achieving the leveling operation. The correction operation of the nut 4 on the relative plane is realized by measuring the elevation difference on the reference line. The laser interference principle is used to accurately detect the plane height difference, and the height of the nut 4 is automatically adjusted through the numerical control system to achieve precise leveling, while ensuring the reliability of the measurement results.

[0036] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these changes and modifications.

[0037] The content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well-known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A tower crane anchor bolt leveling device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a nut leveling and tightening mechanism corresponding to a plurality of anchor bolts (1) at each of the four corners of the bottom of the tower crane, a control mechanism is arranged in the middle of the nut leveling and tightening mechanism at the same corner, a calibration mechanism is arranged on each nut leveling and tightening mechanism at the same corner, the calibration mechanism is connected to the signal input end of the control mechanism, each nut leveling and tightening mechanism is arranged along the circumference of the side wall of the control mechanism through a linkage mechanism and is connected to the side wall of the control mechanism, and the signal output end of the control mechanism is connected to the signal input end of the nut leveling and tightening mechanism.

2. The tower crane anchor bolt leveling device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Each nut leveling and tightening mechanism comprises an adaptive nut leveling sleeve (2) which is closed at one end and open at the other end; a motor (3) with a power end vertically downward is provided on the inner wall of the top of the closed end of the adaptive nut leveling sleeve (2); a clamping nut (4) is provided at the end of the power end of the motor (3) to facilitate rotation and is coaxially arranged with the power end of the motor (3) to form a clamping mechanism.

3. The tower crane anchor bolt leveling device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The clamping mechanism comprises a conical top (5) coaxially connected to the power end of the motor (3) and a truncated cone bin (6) coaxially connected to the conical top (5); the truncated cone bin (6) is of a structural type with a larger top and a smaller bottom; a ring (7) is provided on the inner circumference of the bottom of the truncated cone bin (6).

4. The tower crane anchor bolt leveling device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The calibration mechanism is an omnidirectional laser calibrator (8), and the omnidirectional laser calibrator (8) is arranged on the side wall of the corresponding adaptive nut leveling sleeve (2). The adaptive nut leveling sleeve (2) is provided with a control unit, and the motor (3) is equipped with a reducer and a torque sensor. The torque sensor is connected to the signal end of the control unit, and the control end of the control unit is connected to the signal end of the motor (3).

5. The tower crane anchor bolt leveling device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A flexible gasket (9) is provided on the inner side of the truncated cone bin (6) and is arranged coaxially therewith, and a side wall of the flexible gasket (9) is provided with a plurality of circles of concave and convex patterns.

6. The tower crane anchor bolt leveling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The conical top (5) is provided with a cavity, and a conical gland (10) coaxially arranged therewith is provided in the cavity of the conical top (5); the power end of the motor (3) passes through the conical top (5) and the top of the conical gland (10) in sequence and is connected to the bottom of the conical gland (10); a spring (11) is sleeved on the power end of the motor (3), one end of which is connected to the inner wall of the top of the conical gland (10) and the other end of which is connected to the bottom of the conical gland (10).

7. The tower crane anchor bolt leveling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The linkage mechanism is a telescopic link mechanism (12), comprising an inner rod (121) and a sleeve (122) connected together inside and outside, the outer wall of the inner rod (121) being provided with a plurality of slide grooves (123) along the axial direction, the plurality of slide grooves (123) being evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner rod (121), the inner side of the end of the sleeve (122) being provided with a guide block (124) corresponding to the slide groove (123) one by one, the end of the inner rod (121) extending into the sleeve (122) being provided with a circular baffle (125) coaxially connected thereto, the outer diameter of the circular baffle (125) being larger than the inner diameter of an inner circle formed by the plurality of guide blocks (124) but smaller than the inner diameter of the sleeve (122), the circular baffle (125) forming a limit surface for the movement of the guide block (124), and the other end of the slide groove (123) forming another limit surface corresponding to the movement of the guide block (124).

8. The tower crane anchor bolt leveling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the inner rod (121) is vertically threadedly connected to the side wall of the adaptive nut leveling sleeve (2); the sleeve (122) is connected to the side wall of the control mechanism; one end of the inner rod (121) extending into the adaptive nut leveling sleeve (2) is provided with a pin hole (126) coaxially arranged therewith; the pin hole (126) cooperates with a pin built into the adaptive nut leveling sleeve (2).

9. The tower crane anchor bolt leveling device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control end of the control mechanism is connected to the signal end of the control unit. The control mechanism is a positioning comparison system (13). The positioning comparison system (13) comprises: A data acquisition module (131) collects height information of nuts (4) on anchor bolts (1) corresponding to respective nut leveling and tightening mechanisms at each corner of the tower crane through an omnidirectional laser calibrator (8); The data processing module (132) analyzes and processes the collected height information in real time, and mutually level the nut leveling and tightening mechanisms so that the nuts (4) reach the same average height; A comparison module (133) compares the same average height of the nut (4) with preset reference information to verify specific height information of the nut (4) on the relative plane; The output module (134) outputs the comparison result in the form of a digital signal to the control unit on each nut leveling and tightening mechanism, and the control unit controls the motor (3), the conical top (5), the truncated cone bin (6), the ring (7), and the flexible washer (9) to coordinately adjust the nut leveling and tightening mechanism to rise or fall so that the nuts (4) on each anchor bolt (1) reach relative balance.

10. A construction method using a tower crane anchor bolt leveling device, using the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Design a construction plan based on the actual situation of the project and relevant construction specifications, select an appropriate construction site, clean the construction area, ensure that the construction site is flat and free of debris, mark the foundation (14) position, set up safety passages and warning signs, and measure the foundation (14) position line to ensure that the construction complies with the design line; S2. After setting the position line and excavation line of the foundation (14), excavation is carried out according to the design requirements to ensure that the bottom of the foundation (14) is flat. After the excavation is completed, cleaning and inspection are carried out to ensure that there is no debris and pollution, and the foundation pit is inspected; S3, drilling the base to check whether there is a soft soil layer in the foundation, and deal with the foundation problem, then construct the concrete foundation (14), place the prefabricated steel bars at the bottom and sides of the foundation (14) according to the specified spacing and layers, and tie them firmly; S4. After the hole is reserved, insert the anchor bolt (1) into the hole, ensure that the anchor bolt (1) is in full contact with the hole, and then install the nut (4) and washer on the anchor bolt (1); S5. Roughly tighten the nuts (4) on the tower crane anchor bolts (1), grouping the nuts (4) on the same tower crane foundation corner, placing the control mechanism, unfolding the telescopic link mechanism (12) and adjusting it to a suitable position; S6. Use the nut leveling and tightening mechanism to lightly buckle each nut (4), and use the telescopic connecting rod mechanism (12) to adjust the position so that the adaptive nut leveling sleeve (2) is just above the nut (4); S7, after the adaptive nut leveling sleeve (2) is put on, the switch of the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device is started, so that the tower crane anchor bolt leveling device first realizes the adaptive balancing operation, and the nut (4) on one corner realizes the first balance on the relative plane first; S8, repeating steps S5 to S7 at the other three corners of the tower crane foundation, so that the nuts on the other three corners are leveled and tightened, and at the same time, the nuts (4) at the other corners are initially balanced; S9, after the tower crane anchor bolt leveling devices on the four corners have achieved preliminary balancing, the tower crane anchor bolt leveling devices are started again, so that the single tower crane anchor bolt leveling device uses the anchor bolts (1) and nuts (4) covered by it as a unit, and the units are leveled again, so that the four tower crane anchor bolt leveling devices on the foundation (14) plane are relatively balanced; S10, after the relative balance of the height of the nut (4) is completed, the tower crane anchor bolt leveling devices at the four corners simultaneously tighten the anchor bolts (1) downwards, and the tower crane anchor bolt leveling devices automatically stop working after the tightening operation is completed; S11. Remove all tower crane anchor bolts and leveling devices to complete the operation.

Images