Three-dimensional decoupled flux electromagnetic drive with intermeshing stators

Abstract

This invention discloses a three-dimensional decoupled flux electromagnetic drive with an interlocking stator. It utilizes a radial rotor, a first axial rotor, and a second axial rotor to form air gap magnetic fields in the radial and axial directions of the stator, respectively. These air gap magnetic fields interact with the symmetrical currents in the C-shaped coil windings surrounding the interlocking stator structure to generate output torque and synchronous speed. Therefore, the three-rotor design effectively utilizes the motor end windings, increasing the air gap area for electromechanical energy conversion and torque density without increasing system volume. Simultaneously, the symmetrical air gap magnetic fields formed by the first and second axial magnetic pole arrays at both ends of the stator axial direction decouple the radial and axial fluxes, allowing for a reduction in the stator yoke thickness, even making it hollow, thus reducing cost and weight. The interlocking of the stator's axial and radial teeth further reduces winding length and increases the internal hollow area of ​​the motor and the axial air gap area for torque generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of motor technology, specifically relating to a three-dimensional decoupled magnetic flux electromagnetic drive with an interlocking stator. Background Technology

[0002] Improving the torque density of motors is a perennial challenge for direct-drive electromechanical systems (without a reducer), such as motors for electric propulsion aircraft propellers and underwater thrusters. Currently, there are three main approaches to increasing torque density: First, increasing the current, but this leads to significant heat generation, requiring an additional cooling system; second, increasing the air gap magnetic flux density through magnetic pole arrays, but this is limited by the saturation of silicon steel materials; third, using a high-speed motor with a reducer, but this results in low system efficiency, and the higher the speed, the larger the reduction ratio, leading to increased vibration and noise; fourth, increasing the reluctance torque through embedded motors, such as those in new energy vehicles (V-type and spoke-type motors); and fifth, the currently popular disc motors (also called axial flux motors) have a large rotor air gap and no stator yoke, resulting in high output torque density, but the single magnetic flux also leads to underutilization of the stator end windings.

[0003] Currently, permanent magnet synchronous motors can be mainly classified into radial flux motors and axial flux motors according to their magnetic flux. The disadvantages of these types of motors are summarized below:

[0004] 1. Single magnetic flux leads to low space utilization: Traditional single-flux motors have only one or two rotors interacting with the stator armature windings to generate output torque, resulting in low space utilization. For example, there is wasted axial space in external rotor radial flux motors and wasted radial space in external rotor axial flux motors.

[0005] 2. Traditional stator coil end windings are long, increasing system weight: Whether it is a distributed winding or a toroidal winding, there are long end windings that do not interact with the permanent magnet field to generate torque, which increases the system weight. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional decoupled flux electromagnetic drive with an interlocking stator that can both improve torque density and space utilization.

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a three-dimensional decoupled flux electromagnetic drive with an interlocking stator, comprising a stator and a rotor. The rotor includes a rotor housing, a central shaft, and a magnetic pole array. The rotor housing has a rotating shell and front and rear cover plates fixedly connected to the axial ends of the rotating shell. The central shaft coaxially passes through the interior of the rotating shell, and its front end is fixedly connected to the front cover plate. The magnetic pole array includes a radial magnetic pole array, a first axial magnetic pole array, and a second axial magnetic pole array. The radial magnetic pole array is fixed to the inner side of the rotating shell and is connected to the rotating shell. The housing forms a radial rotor; the first axial magnetic pole array is fixed to the inner side of the front cover plate and forms a first axial rotor with the front cover plate; the second axial magnetic pole array is fixed to the inner side of the rear cover plate and forms a second axial rotor with the rear cover plate; the pole pitches of the radial magnetic pole array, the first axial magnetic pole array, and the second axial magnetic pole array are the same and the permanent magnets are aligned, with a pole pitch of τ = 360° / 2P, where p is the number of pole pairs; the radial magnetic pole array, the first axial magnetic pole array, and the second axial magnetic pole array are all associated with the same central angle and their magnetization directions are either towards or away from the air gap. With the centerline as a reference, the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet changes alternately towards or away from the air gap after passing through each pole pitch; the stator includes a stator support, a stator core, and coil windings; the stator support, the stator core, and the coil windings are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside between the central shaft and the rotating housing; the stator support is mounted on the central shaft via bearings, and the stator core is fixedly connected to the stator support; the outer circumference of the stator core is provided with multiple radial teeth evenly distributed along its circumference; the front end of the stator core is provided with multiple first axial teeth evenly distributed along its circumference; the stator core's... The rear end is provided with multiple second axial teeth evenly distributed along its circumference; the coil winding is C-shaped and surrounds the radial teeth, the first axial teeth and the second axial teeth; each of the radial teeth, the first axial teeth and the second axial teeth is provided with a tooth portion, a yoke portion connected to one end of the tooth portion and a pole shoe connected to the other end of the tooth portion; the yoke portions of the radial teeth, the first axial teeth and the second axial teeth are shared yoke portions; the tooth portions of the first axial teeth and the second axial teeth intersect with the tooth portions of the radial teeth to form interlocking teeth; the hollow portion of the stator core is configured as a heat dissipation channel.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, slots are provided at both ends of the radial tooth, and the slots extend from the yoke of the radial tooth to the tooth portion; the tooth portions of the first axial tooth and the tooth portions of the second axial tooth are respectively provided with insert plates that cooperate with and connect to the slots.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first axial tooth and the second axial tooth are connected as one unit through the insert plate.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tooth shape of the radial tooth in the radial section is rectangular, and the tooth groove formed between two adjacent radial teeth is a trapezoidal groove; the tooth shape of the first axial tooth in the radial section is trapezoidal, and the tooth groove formed between two adjacent first axial teeth is a parallel groove; the tooth shape of the second axial tooth in the radial section is trapezoidal, and the tooth groove formed between two adjacent second axial teeth is a parallel groove.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner side of the rotating housing is provided with a first mounting groove for accommodating and fixing the radial magnetic pole array, and the radial magnetic pole array is provided with a first back iron on the side facing the bottom surface of the first mounting groove; the inner side of the front cover plate is provided with a second mounting groove for accommodating and fixing the first axial magnetic pole array, and the first axial magnetic pole array is provided with a second back iron on the side facing the bottom surface of the second mounting groove; the inner side of the rear cover plate is provided with a third mounting groove for accommodating and fixing the second axial magnetic pole array, and the second axial magnetic pole array is provided with a third back iron on the side facing the bottom surface of the third mounting groove.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the radial magnetic pole array, the first axial magnetic pole array, and the second axial magnetic pole array are provided with at least one transition permanent magnet in each pole pitch; the radial magnetic pole array, the first axial magnetic pole array, and the second axial magnetic pole array are all based on the center line of the permanent magnet corresponding to the same central angle and whose magnetization direction is towards or away from the air gap, and the magnetization direction of each of the transition permanent magnets in each pole pitch gradually changes to away from or towards the air gap in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the radial magnetic pole array, the first axial magnetic pole array and the second axial magnetic pole array are all Halbach magnetic pole arrays.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rear cover plate is rotatably engaged with the outer periphery of the rear end of the stator bracket.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an output shaft coaxially arranged with the central axis is mounted on the outer side of the front cover plate.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a mounting plate is fixedly connected to the rear end of the stator bracket.

[0017] The three-dimensional decoupled magnetic flux electromagnetic drive with an interlocking stator implemented in this embodiment of the invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0018] First, air gap magnetic fields are formed in the radial and axial directions of the stator by the radial rotor (radial magnetic pole array), the first axial rotor (first axial magnetic pole array), and the second axial rotor (second axial magnetic pole array), respectively. When three three-phase sinusoidal currents with a 120-degree electrical angle difference are passed through the C-shaped coil windings surrounding the radial, first axial, and second axial teeth for excitation, the air gap magnetic field formed by the rotors interacts with the symmetrical currents in the C-shaped coil windings to generate a rotating magnetomotive force, driving the radial rotor, first axial rotor, and second axial rotor to rotate synchronously and output torque. This three-rotor design allows for the effective utilization of the motor's end coil windings. Without increasing the system volume, it effectively increases the air gap area used for electromechanical energy conversion (torque generation), thereby increasing the motor's torque density, and without causing axial or radial space waste, improving the motor's space utilization rate.

[0019] Secondly, the magnetic field lines generated by the radial magnetic pole array pass through the coil windings surrounding the radial teeth to form radial magnetic flux, and the magnetic field lines generated by the first axial magnetic pole array pass through the coil windings surrounding the first axial teeth to form first axial magnetic flux. The magnetic field lines generated by the second axial magnetic pole array pass through the coil windings surrounding the second axial teeth to form second axial magnetic flux. Thus, the radial magnetic flux, the first axial magnetic flux, and the second axial magnetic flux constitute a three-dimensional magnetic flux. At the same time, since the first axial magnetic pole array and the second axial magnetic pole array, which are magnetized alternately by N and S poles, form a symmetrical air gap magnetic field at both ends of the stator, this means that the radial magnetic flux and the axial magnetic flux will not pass through each other in the stator yoke, so that the radial magnetic flux and the axial magnetic flux are decoupled, thereby achieving three-dimensional magnetic flux decoupling. This allows for a reduction in the thickness of the stator yoke, or even its hollow design, reducing material usage and thus lowering cost and weight. In addition, the hollow part of the stator core also provides favorable conditions for setting up heat dissipation channels in the internal space of the motor, further improving the motor's torque output capability.

[0020] Furthermore, by designing the yokes of the radial teeth, the first axial teeth, and the second axial teeth as a shared yoke, i.e., embedding the axial teeth into the radial teeth yoke, the stator structure becomes more compact, while the lever arms of the first and second axial rotors are also increased. At the same time, the teeth of the first and second axial teeth intersect with the teeth of the radial teeth to form interlocking teeth, i.e., inserting the teeth of the axial teeth into the teeth of the radial teeth, forming an interlocking stator structure. This further increases the outer diameter of the axial rotor, reduces the winding length, increases the internal hollow area of ​​the motor and the axial air gap area used to generate torque, and improves the output performance of the motor. This also makes the internal hollow space of the motor larger and reduces the system mass.

[0021] Finally, the coil winding is C-shaped and wraps around the radial teeth, the first axial teeth, and the second axial teeth, without forming a wrap around the inner side of the stator yoke. This reduces the length of the stator coil end winding (i.e., the end winding that does not interact with the permanent magnet magnetic field to generate torque), thus reducing the stator weight and winding copper loss. Furthermore, the length of the stator coil end winding does not increase with the increase of the motor axial length, ensuring the utilization rate of the coil winding. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a three-dimensional decoupled magnetic flux electromagnetic drive with an interlocking stator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is an isometric sectional view of a three-dimensional decoupled magnetic flux electromagnetic drive with an interlocking stator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is an isometric sectional view of another view of the three-dimensional decoupled magnetic flux electromagnetic drive with an interlocking stator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is an assembly structure diagram of the magnetic pole array and the stator;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the connection structure between the stator core and the coil windings;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the stator core structure;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the radial tooth, the first axial tooth, and the second axial tooth are disassembled.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the coil winding structure;

[0031] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the magnetization directions of each permanent magnet in a radial magnetic pole array, a first axial magnetic pole array, or a second axial magnetic pole array.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional decoupled flux path with an interlocking stator and electromagnetic drive according to an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, Figure 10 (a) shows the magnetic flux density distribution; Figure 10 (b) shows the main magnetic flux loop;

[0033] Figure 11This is a comparison diagram of the torque output of a three-dimensional decoupled flux electromagnetic drive with an interlocking stator according to an embodiment of the present invention and a conventional radial flux motor.

[0034] Marked in the image:

[0035] Rotor 100; Central shaft 101; Rotating housing 102; Front cover plate 103; Rear cover plate 104; Radial magnetic pole array 105; First axial magnetic pole array 106; Second axial magnetic pole array 107; First embedding slot 108; First back iron 109; Second embedding slot 110; Second back iron 111; Third embedding slot 112; Third back iron 113; Output shaft 114;

[0036] Stator 200; Stator bracket 201; Stator core 202; Coil winding 203; Bearing 204; Radial tooth 205; First axial tooth 206; Second axial tooth 207; Slot 208; Insert plate 209; Mounting plate 210; Tooth a; Yoke b; Pole shoe c. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., used to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] A three-dimensional decoupled flux electromagnetic drive with an interlocking stator, comprising a rotor 100 and a stator 200.

[0041] The rotor 100 includes a rotor housing, a central shaft 101, and a magnetic pole array. The rotor housing has a rotating shell 102 and a front cover plate 103 and a rear cover plate 104 fixedly connected to the axial ends of the rotating shell 102. The central shaft 101 is coaxially inserted inside the rotating shell 102, and the front end of the central shaft 101 is fixedly connected to the front cover plate 103. The magnetic pole array includes a radial magnetic pole array 105, a first axial magnetic pole array 106, and a second axial magnetic pole array 107. The radial magnetic pole array 105 is fixedly disposed on the inner side of the rotating shell 102 and forms a radial rotor with the rotating shell 102. The first axial magnetic pole array 106 is fixedly disposed on the inner side of the front cover plate 103 and forms a radial rotor with the rotating shell 102. A first axial rotor is formed with the front cover plate 103; a second axial magnetic pole array 107 is fixed to the inner side of the rear cover plate 104 and forms a second axial rotor with the rear cover plate 104; the radial magnetic pole array 105, the first axial magnetic pole array 106, and the second axial magnetic pole array 107 have the same pole pitch and each permanent magnet is aligned, with a pole pitch of τ = 360° / 2P, where p is the number of pole pairs; the radial magnetic pole array 105, the first axial magnetic pole array 106, and the second axial magnetic pole array 107 are all based on the center line of the permanent magnet corresponding to the same central angle and whose magnetization direction is either towards or away from the air gap, and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet changes alternately towards or away from the air gap after each pole pitch (see...). Figure 9 ).

[0042] The stator 200 includes a stator support 201, a stator core 202, and a coil winding 203. The stator support 201, the stator core 202, and the coil winding 203 are sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside between the central shaft 101 and the rotating housing 102. The stator support 201 is mounted on the central shaft 101 via a bearing 204, and the stator core 202 is fixedly connected to the stator support 201. The outer periphery of the stator core 202 is provided with a plurality of radial teeth 205 evenly distributed along its circumference. The front end of the stator core 202 is provided with a plurality of first axial teeth 206 evenly distributed along its circumference. The rear end of the stator core 202 is provided with a plurality of second axial teeth 206 evenly distributed along its circumference. The coil winding 203 is C-shaped and surrounds the radial tooth 205, the first axial tooth 206, and the second axial tooth 207. The radial tooth 205, the first axial tooth 206, and the second axial tooth 207 are each provided with a tooth portion a, a yoke portion b connected to one end of the tooth portion a, and a pole shoe c connected to the other end of the tooth portion a. The yoke portion b of the radial tooth 205, the yoke portion b of the first axial tooth 206, and the yoke portion b of the second axial tooth 207 are shared yoke portions. The tooth portion a of the first axial tooth 206 and the tooth portion a of the second axial tooth 207 intersect with the tooth portion a of the radial tooth 205 to form interlocking teeth. The hollow portion of the stator core 202 is configured as a heat dissipation channel.

[0043] The three-dimensional decoupled flux electromagnetic drive with an interlocking stator, implemented in this embodiment of the invention, forms air gap magnetic fields in the radial and axial directions of the stator through a radial rotor (radial pole array 105), a first axial rotor (first axial pole array 106), and a second axial rotor (second axial pole array 107), respectively. When three three-phase sinusoidal currents with a 120-degree electrical angle difference are passed through the C-shaped coil winding 203 surrounding the radial teeth 205, the first axial teeth 206, and the second axial teeth 207, the air gap magnetic field formed by the rotor interacts with the symmetrical current in the C-shaped coil winding 203 to generate a rotating magnetomotive force, driving the radial rotor, the first axial rotor, and the second axial rotor to rotate synchronously and output torque. This three-rotor design allows for the effective utilization of the motor end coil winding 203, effectively increasing the air gap area used for electromagnetic energy conversion (torque generation), thereby increasing the motor's torque density, without causing axial or radial space waste, thus improving the motor's space utilization rate.

[0044] It should also be noted that the three-dimensional decoupled magnetic flux electromagnetic drive with an interlocking stator in the embodiments of the present invention has achieved significant technical progress in the following aspects:

[0045] (1) As Figure 10As shown, the magnetic field lines generated by the radial magnetic pole array 105 pass through the coil winding 203 surrounding the radial teeth 205 to form a radial magnetic flux. The magnetic field lines generated by the first axial magnetic pole array 106 pass through the coil winding 203 surrounding the first axial teeth 206 to form a first axial magnetic flux. The magnetic field lines generated by the second axial magnetic pole array 107 pass through the coil winding 203 surrounding the second axial teeth 207 to form a second axial magnetic flux. Thus, the radial magnetic flux, the first axial magnetic flux, and the second axial magnetic flux constitute a three-dimensional magnetic flux. At the same time, since the first axial magnetic pole array 106 and the second axial magnetic pole array 107, which are magnetized alternately by N and S poles, form a symmetrical air gap magnetic field at both ends of the stator, this means that the radial magnetic flux and the axial magnetic flux will not pass through each other at the stator yoke b, thereby decoupling the radial magnetic flux and the axial magnetic flux (see...). Figure 10 (b)) thus achieving three-dimensional magnetic flux decoupling. That is, the magnetic flux density of the stator yoke b is very low (see...). Figure 10 (a) The closer the part is to the blue region, the lower the magnetic flux density; the closer the part is to the red region, the higher the magnetic flux density. Therefore, the high-density ferromagnetic material in the stator yoke b can be removed, thus reducing the thickness of the stator yoke, or even making it hollow, reducing material usage, thereby reducing cost and weight; in addition, the hollow part of the stator core 202 (such as...) Figure 10 (b) The hollow area also provides favorable conditions for setting up heat dissipation channels in the internal space of the motor, so as to further improve the torque output capability of the motor.

[0046] (2) Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the yoke b of the radial tooth 205, the yoke b of the first axial tooth 206, and the yoke b of the second axial tooth 207 are designed as a shared yoke, that is, the axial tooth is embedded in the radial tooth yoke b. This makes the stator structure more compact, and the lever arm of the rotor portion (also called the axial rotor) corresponding to the first axial magnetic pole array 106 and the second axial magnetic pole array 107 is also increased. The decoupled three-dimensional magnetic flux allows the hollow stator core 202 to be used, increasing the hollow area inside the stator and thus reducing the motor mass. To further increase the outer diameter of the axial rotor to improve the motor output torque, the tooth a of the first axial tooth 206 and the tooth a of the second axial tooth 207 can be intersected with the tooth a of the radial tooth 205 to form interlocking teeth, that is, the tooth a of the axial tooth is inserted into the tooth a of the radial tooth 205, forming an interlocking stator structure (see...). Figure 6 and Figure 7 This further reduces the winding length, increases the internal hollow area of ​​the motor and the axial air gap area used to generate torque, and improves the motor's output performance.

[0047] (3) Figure 8As shown, the coil winding 203 is C-shaped and wraps around the radial tooth 205, the first axial tooth 206, and the second axial tooth 207. It does not wrap around the inner side of the stator yoke b, thus reducing the length of the stator coil end winding (i.e., the end winding that does not interact with the magnetic field of the permanent magnet to generate torque), reducing the stator weight and winding copper loss. Furthermore, the length of the stator coil end winding does not increase with the increase of the motor axial length, ensuring the utilization rate of the coil winding 203.

[0048] Below, the performance of the three-dimensional decoupled flux electromagnetic drive with an interlocking stator in the embodiments of the present invention is compared with that of a conventional radial flux motor with the same set and input current limit, and both have the same maximum geometric dimensions (see Table 1).

[0049] Table 1

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] Comparison of output torque (see) Figure 11 The three-dimensional decoupled flux electromagnetic drive with an interlocking stator proposed in this embodiment of the invention has a higher average torque T compared to the traditional radial flux motor. avg The torque increased from approximately 74.6 Nm to approximately 80.9 Nm; while the torque ripple T rip It decreased from 9.4% to 3.5%.

[0053] Comparison of weight and torque density (see Table 2): The three-dimensional decoupled flux electromagnetic drive with interlocking stator proposed in this embodiment of the invention improves the effective torque density by 19.9% ​​compared with the traditional radial flux motor.

[0054] Table 2

[0055]

[0056] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional decoupled magnetic flux electromagnetic drive with an interlocking stator is such that the radial teeth 205 and the axial teeth 206 and 207 share a set of coil windings 203, so the radial cross-sectional area occupied by the coil windings in the tooth slots is consistent. When the tooth groove formed by the radial tooth 205 is a parallel groove, the tooth part a of the radial tooth 205 is trapezoidal in the axial projection. However, the radial magnetic flux does not change with the stator radius. Therefore, the tooth shape of the tooth part a of the radial tooth 205 in the radial section is designed as rectangular, and the tooth groove formed between two adjacent radial teeth 205 is a trapezoidal groove. This can avoid material waste caused by the large core area of ​​the radial tooth 205. Since the axial magnetic flux increases with the radius, the tooth shape of the tooth part a of the first axial tooth 206 in the radial section is designed as trapezoidal, and the tooth groove formed between two adjacent first axial teeth 206 is a parallel groove. The tooth shape of the tooth part a of the second axial tooth 207 in the radial section is designed as trapezoidal, and the tooth groove formed between two adjacent second axial teeth 207 is a parallel groove. This can avoid magnetic saturation.

[0057] For example, such as Figure 7 As shown, to facilitate the manufacturing and assembly of the stator core 202, slots 208 are provided at both axial ends of the radial teeth 205, and the slots 208 extend from the yoke b to the tooth a of the radial teeth 205; the tooth a of the first axial teeth 206 and the tooth a of the second axial teeth 207 are respectively provided with insert plates 209 that mate with the slots 208. In this embodiment, the first axial teeth 206 and the second axial teeth 207 are connected as a whole by the insert plates 209, and the axial cross-section of the insert plates 209 and the axial cross-section of the slots 208 are both U-shaped. The first axial teeth 206 and the second axial teeth 207 are both made of solid composite soft magnetic material (SMC) or laminated silicon steel sheets, and the radial teeth 205 are formed by laminating silicon steel sheets.

[0058] For example, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the inner side of the rotating housing 102 is provided with a first mounting groove 108 for accommodating and fixing the radial magnetic pole array 105, and the radial magnetic pole array 105 is provided with a first back iron 109 on the side facing the bottom surface of the first mounting groove 108; the inner side of the front cover plate 103 is provided with a second mounting groove 110 for accommodating and fixing the first axial magnetic pole array 106, and the first axial magnetic pole array 106 is provided with a second back iron 111 on the side facing the bottom surface of the second mounting groove 110; the inner side of the rear cover plate 104 is provided with a third mounting groove 112 for accommodating and fixing the second axial magnetic pole array 107, and the second axial magnetic pole array 107 is provided with a third back iron 113 on the side facing the bottom surface of the third mounting groove 112.

[0059] For example, such as Figure 9 As shown, the radial magnetic pole array 105, the first axial magnetic pole array 106, and the second axial magnetic pole array 107 each have at least one transition permanent magnet or soft magnet within each pole pitch. The radial magnetic pole array 105, the first axial magnetic pole array 106, and the second axial magnetic pole array 107 are all referenced to the centerline of a permanent magnet corresponding to the same central angle, with the magnetization direction either towards or away from the air gap. Within each pole pitch, the magnetization direction of each transition permanent magnet gradually changes from facing away from or towards the air gap in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. In this embodiment, the radial magnetic pole array 105, the first axial magnetic pole array 106, and the second axial magnetic pole array 107 are preferably Halbach magnetic pole arrays, which can generate a strong magnetic field on one side while the magnetic field on the other side is extremely weak or almost zero. This helps to obtain a more uniform magnetic field distribution in the radial or axial direction and reduces magnetic field dissipation, thus reducing the amount of magnetic material used while ensuring magnetic field strength.

[0060] For example, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the rear cover plate 104 is rotatably engaged with the rear outer periphery of the stator support 201. Therefore, the stator support 201 can support the rotation of the rear cover plate 104, enabling the rotor to rotate stably.

[0061] For example, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in order to facilitate the power output of the device, an output shaft 114 coaxially arranged with the central shaft 101 is installed on the outer side of the front cover plate 103.

[0062] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, in order to facilitate the installation and use of the device, the rear end of the stator bracket 201 is fixedly connected to an mounting plate 210 for connecting external fixing components.

[0063] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" used in this invention should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0064] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent variations made in accordance with the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional decoupled flux electromagnetic drive with an interlocking stator, comprising a rotor and a stator, characterized in that: The rotor includes a rotor housing, a central shaft, and a magnetic pole array. The rotor housing has a rotating shell and a front cover plate and a rear cover plate fixedly connected to the axial ends of the rotating shell. The central shaft is coaxially inserted inside the rotating shell, and the front end of the central shaft is fixedly connected to the front cover plate. The magnetic pole array includes a radial magnetic pole array, a first axial magnetic pole array, and a second axial magnetic pole array. The radial magnetic pole array is fixed to the inner side of the rotating shell and forms a radial rotor with the rotating shell. The first axial magnetic pole array is fixed to the inner side of the front cover plate and forms a first axis with the front cover plate. The rotor is oriented in the direction of the first axial magnetic pole array, which is fixed to the inner side of the rear cover plate and forms a second axial rotor with the rear cover plate. The radial magnetic pole array, the first axial magnetic pole array and the second axial magnetic pole array have the same pole pitch and the permanent magnets are aligned. The pole pitch is τ = 360° / 2P, where p is the number of pole pairs. The radial magnetic pole array, the first axial magnetic pole array and the second axial magnetic pole array are all based on the center line of the permanent magnets corresponding to the same central angle and whose magnetization direction is either towards or away from the air gap. The magnetization direction of the permanent magnets after each pole pitch changes alternately from away from or towards the air gap. The stator includes a stator support, a stator core, and coil windings; the stator support, the stator core, and the coil windings are sequentially arranged between the central shaft and the rotating housing from the inside out; the stator support is mounted on the central shaft via bearings, and the stator core is fixedly connected to the stator support; the outer circumference of the stator core is provided with a plurality of radial teeth evenly distributed along its circumference; the front end of the stator core is provided with a plurality of first axial teeth evenly distributed along its circumference; the rear end of the stator core is provided with a plurality of second axial teeth evenly distributed along its circumference. The coil winding is C-shaped and surrounds the radial tooth, the first axial tooth, and the second axial tooth; each of the radial tooth, the first axial tooth, and the second axial tooth has a tooth portion, a yoke portion connected to one end of the tooth portion, and a pole shoe connected to the other end of the tooth portion; the yoke portions of the radial tooth, the first axial tooth, and the second axial tooth are shared yoke portions; the tooth portions of the first axial tooth and the second axial tooth intersect with the tooth portions of the radial tooth to form interlocking teeth; the hollow portion of the stator core is configured as a heat dissipation channel. The radial teeth are provided with slots at both ends of the axial direction, and the slots extend from the yoke of the radial teeth to the tooth portion; the tooth portions of the first axial teeth and the tooth portions of the second axial teeth are respectively provided with insert plates that cooperate with and connect to the slots.

2. The three-dimensional decoupled flux electromagnetic drive with an interlocking stator as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first axial tooth and the second axial tooth are connected as one unit through the insert plate.

3. The three-dimensional decoupled flux electromagnetic drive with an interlocking stator as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The radial teeth have a rectangular tooth shape in the radial section, and the tooth groove formed between two adjacent radial teeth is a trapezoidal groove; the first axial teeth have a trapezoidal tooth shape in the radial section, and the tooth groove formed between two adjacent first axial teeth is a parallel groove; the second axial teeth have a trapezoidal tooth shape in the radial section, and the tooth groove formed between two adjacent second axial teeth is a parallel groove.

4. The three-dimensional decoupled flux electromagnetic drive with an interlocking stator as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the rotating housing is provided with a first mounting groove for accommodating and fixing the radial magnetic pole array, and the radial magnetic pole array is provided with a first back iron on the side facing the bottom surface of the first mounting groove; the inner side of the front cover plate is provided with a second mounting groove for accommodating and fixing the first axial magnetic pole array, and the first axial magnetic pole array is provided with a second back iron on the side facing the bottom surface of the second mounting groove; the inner side of the rear cover plate is provided with a third mounting groove for accommodating and fixing the second axial magnetic pole array, and the second axial magnetic pole array is provided with a third back iron on the side facing the bottom surface of the third mounting groove.

5. The three-dimensional decoupled flux electromagnetic drive with an interlocking stator as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The radial magnetic pole array, the first axial magnetic pole array, and the second axial magnetic pole array each have at least one transition permanent magnet within each pole pitch. The radial magnetic pole array, the first axial magnetic pole array, and the second axial magnetic pole array are all based on the center line of the permanent magnets corresponding to the same central angle and whose magnetization direction is either towards or away from the air gap. The magnetization direction of each of the transition permanent magnets within each pole pitch gradually changes to either away from or towards the air gap in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.

6. The three-dimensional decoupled flux electromagnetic drive with an interlocking stator as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The radial magnetic pole array, the first axial magnetic pole array, and the second axial magnetic pole array are all Halbach magnetic pole arrays.

7. The three-dimensional decoupled flux electromagnetic drive with an interlocking stator as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rear cover plate rotates with the outer circumference of the rear end of the stator bracket.

8. The three-dimensional decoupled flux electromagnetic drive with an interlocking stator as described in claim 1, characterized in that: An output shaft, coaxially arranged with the central axis, is mounted on the outer side of the front cover plate.

9. The three-dimensional decoupled flux electromagnetic drive with an interlocking stator as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The stator support is fixedly connected to a mounting plate at its rear end.

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