Device for deeply purifying and removing heavy metals in hydrometallurgy

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heavy metal purification, in particular to a device for deep purification and removal of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy, which comprises a reaction kettle, the reaction kettle is provided with a liquid inlet, a feeding port and a liquid outlet, the liquid outlet is provided with a door plate, the door plate is used for controlling the opening and closing of the liquid outlet, and the door plate is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet. The reaction kettle is communicated with a circulating pipeline, the circulating pipeline is provided with a circulating pump, a plurality of layers of filter plates are arranged in the reaction kettle from top to bottom, filter holes are formed in the filter plates, and the sizes of the filter holes of the plurality of layers of filter plates are gradually reduced from top to bottom. According to the device for deeply purifying and removing the heavy metals in the hydrometallurgy, more sediments can be prevented from being intensively intercepted on the uppermost filter plate, and the uppermost filter plate is prevented from being overloaded, so that the filter plates are prevented from being blocked, and the discharge efficiency of a purified solution discharged from a liquid outlet in the subsequent step is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heavy metal purification, and in particular to a device for deep purification of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy. Background Art

[0002] Hydrometallurgy is a process for extracting metals from ores using chemical solutions, and is commonly used for the extraction of metals such as copper, zinc, and uranium. Its process includes steps such as leaching, concentration, and purification. In the leaching stage, the ore reacts with an acidic or alkaline solution, and metal ions enter the solution, forming a solution containing heavy metals. These solutions usually contain heavy metal ions such as copper, nickel, and cadmium, which may cause environmental pollution. To purify heavy metal solutions, chemical precipitation, ion exchange, solvent extraction, or electrochemical methods can be used to separate and recover heavy metal ions from the solution, reducing environmental pollution.

[0003] The chemical precipitation method is also called the chemical reagent method. Its principle is to add a heavy metal capturer to the heavy metal solution. The heavy metal capturer reacts with heavy metal ions to form a precipitate insoluble in water, and then the precipitate is removed by filtration or sedimentation. In the prior art, in the reaction kettle for purifying heavy metal solutions, a single filter plate or multiple filter plates of the same specification are usually used for filtration. When the concentration of the heavy metal solution is high and the precipitate is excessive, such filtration easily causes an overburden on the single filter plate or the uppermost filter plate, resulting in blockage of the filter plate and affecting the discharge efficiency of the purified solution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a device for deep purification of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy.

[0005] The device for deep purification of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy provided by the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for deep purification of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy includes a reaction kettle, the reaction kettle is provided with a liquid inlet, a feeding port, and a liquid outlet, the liquid outlet is provided with a door panel, and the door panel is used to control the opening and closing of the liquid outlet; the reaction kettle is connected to a circulation pipeline, and the circulation pipeline is provided with a circulation pump; a plurality of filter plates are arranged in the reaction kettle from top to bottom, the filter plates are provided with filter holes, and the sizes of the filter holes of the plurality of filter plates gradually decrease from top to bottom.

[0007] Preferably, a driving mechanism is arranged at the top of the reaction kettle, the driving mechanism is connected to the door panel of the liquid outlet, the driving mechanism controls the lifting of the door panel, the driving mechanism controls the door panel to rise to open the liquid outlet, and the driving mechanism controls the door panel to descend to close the liquid outlet.

[0008] Preferably, connecting rods are sequentially connected between multiple layers of the filter plates, and the driving mechanism is connected to the door plate through the filter plates.

[0009] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a base, a rotating cylinder, a screw rod, and a motor. The base is arranged on the top of the reaction kettle. The upper end of the rotating cylinder is rotatably connected to the base, and the lower end of the rotating cylinder passes downward through the top of the reaction kettle. A threaded hole is opened at the lower end of the rotating cylinder. The upper end of the screw rod is threadedly connected to the lower end of the rotating cylinder, and the lower end of the screw rod is fixedly connected to the filter plate. The motor is arranged on the base, and the motor is connected to the rotating cylinder through a gear set. The motor is used to control the rotation of the rotating cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the reaction kettle is provided with a highest water level line, and a water level sensor is arranged on the top of the reaction kettle. The water level sensor is used to monitor the water level of the heavy metal solution in the reaction kettle.

[0011] Preferably, a discharge pipe is arranged at the liquid outlet, and the discharge pipe is connected to the outer wall of the reaction kettle. A guide post is arranged on the top of the reaction kettle. The base of the driving mechanism is vertically inserted into the guide post. A horizontal clamping hole is opened between the outer wall of the base and the guide post. A control cylinder is arranged on the top of the reaction kettle. The control cylinder has a telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod of the control cylinder is horizontally aligned with the clamping hole. When the driving mechanism controls the lifting of the filter plate and the door plate, the control cylinder extends the telescopic rod into the clamping hole. The base is connected with a linkage rod. The upper end of the linkage rod is horizontally connected to the base, and the lower end is vertically inserted into the discharge pipe. A baffle is arranged at the lower end of the linkage rod. The control cylinder, the motor, and the water level sensor are signal-connected. When the water level sensor monitors that the water level in the reaction kettle exceeds the highest water level line, the motor stops, and the control cylinder controls the telescopic rod to leave the clamping hole.

[0012] Preferably, one section of the linkage rod is a rubber section.

[0013] Preferably, the linkage rod is connected with a handle.

[0014] Preferably, the circulation pipeline includes a pipeline inlet and a pipeline outlet. The pipeline inlet is located below the filter plate, and the pipeline outlet is located above the highest water level line.

[0015] Preferably, the feeding port is arranged on the top of the circulation pipeline.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] After heavy metal ions react with a heavy metal scavenger to form water-insoluble precipitates, the larger precipitates are first intercepted on the first filter plate, the moderately sized precipitates are then intercepted on the second filter plate, and the smaller precipitates are finally intercepted on the third filter plate, preventing a large number of precipitates from being concentrated and intercepted on the topmost filter plate, avoiding an excessive burden on the topmost filter plate, thus preventing the filter plate from being blocked and improving the discharge efficiency when the purified solution is discharged from the liquid outlet in subsequent steps. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural cross-sectional view of the device in the embodiment of the present application when the liquid outlet is closed;

[0019] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of part A in

[0020] Figure 3 is a structural cross-sectional view of the device in the embodiment of the present application when the liquid outlet is opened.

[0021] Description of the Reference Numerals: 1, reaction kettle; 11, liquid inlet; 12, feeding port; 13, liquid outlet; 14, door panel; 15, discharge pipe; 21, circulation pipeline; 22, circulation pump; 31, first filter plate; 32, second filter plate; 33, third filter plate; 34, connecting rod; 41, base; 42, rotating cylinder; 43, screw rod; 44, motor; 45, gear set; 51, highest water level line; 52, water level sensor; 61, guide post; 62, clamping hole; 63, control cylinder; 64, telescopic rod; 71, linkage rod; 72, baffle; 73, rubber section; 74, handle. Detailed Embodiments

[0022] The following will combine Figures 1-3 with embodiments to further illustrate the present invention.

[0023] This embodiment discloses a device for deep purification and removal of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy.

[0024] Refer to Figure 1, The device for deep purification and heavy metal removal in hydrometallurgy includes a reaction kettle 1. The reaction kettle 1 is provided with a liquid inlet 11, a feeding port 12 and a liquid outlet 13. The liquid inlet 11 is for the heavy metal solution to be purified to enter the reaction kettle 1. The feeding port 12 is for the heavy metal capturer to be put into the heavy metal solution in the reaction kettle 1. The liquid outlet 13 is for the purified solution to flow out. Among them, a door plate 14 is provided at the liquid outlet 13, and the door plate 14 is used to control the opening and closing of the liquid outlet 13. The reaction kettle 1 is in the shape of a rectangular cylinder. A rectangular cavity is opened inside the reaction kettle 1. The rectangular cavity of the reaction kettle 1 is communicated with a circulation pipeline 21. A circulation pump 22 is provided on the circulation pipeline 21. The circulation pump 22 is used to improve the fluidity of the heavy metal solution in the reaction kettle 1, so that the heavy metal solution and the heavy metal capturer are in full contact, accelerate the generation of precipitates, and improve the purification speed. Further, multiple filter plates are arranged in the rectangular cavity of the reaction kettle 1. A plurality of filter holes are vertically penetrated through each filter plate. In this embodiment, the number of filter plates is three. The multiple filter plates successively include a first filter plate 31, a second filter plate 32 and a third filter plate 33 from top to bottom. And the sizes of the filter holes between the first filter plate 31, the second filter plate 32 and the third filter plate 33 gradually decrease. Through the above settings, when heavy metal ions react with the heavy metal capturer to form water-insoluble precipitates, the larger precipitates are first intercepted on the first filter plate 31, the precipitates of moderate size are then intercepted on the second filter plate 32, and the smaller precipitates are finally intercepted on the third filter plate 33, avoiding a large number of precipitates being concentrated and intercepted on the topmost filter plate, avoiding the overloading of the topmost filter plate, thus avoiding the blockage of the filter plate, and improving the discharge efficiency when the purified solution is discharged from the liquid outlet 13 in the subsequent steps. It should be noted that the circulation pump 22 also makes the solution circulate between the first filter plate 31, the second filter plate 32 and the third filter plate 33 to ensure the full filtration of the precipitates of the heavy metal solution. And when the purification in the reaction kettle 1 is completed, the circulation pump 22 stops working.

[0025] Refer to Figure 1, the inner and outer walls of the reaction kettle 1 are both provided with a highest water level line 51 at the same height. The reaction kettle 1 is provided with a transparent window at the position where the highest water level line 51 is set, which is convenient for the staff to observe whether the amount of the heavy metal solution outside exceeds the highest water level line 51, so as to avoid the problems of overflow or pressure overload caused by excessive heavy metal solution. A water level sensor 52 is also arranged at the top of the reaction kettle 1, and the water level sensor 52 is used to monitor the water level of the heavy metal solution in the reaction kettle 1. The circulation pipeline 21 includes a pipeline inlet and a pipeline outlet. The pipeline inlet is located below the third filter plate 33, and the heavy metal solution in the rectangular cavity of the reaction kettle 1 enters the circulation pipeline 21 through the pipeline inlet. The pipeline outlet is located above the highest water level line 51, and the heavy metal solution in the circulation pipeline 21 flows back into the rectangular cavity of the reaction kettle 1 through the pipeline outlet. By increasing the height difference between the pipeline inlet and the pipeline outlet, the height of the reaction kettle 1 can be fully utilized, the path of the heavy metal solution can be extended, and it is ensured that the heavy metal ions and the heavy metal capturer react fully. In this embodiment, the feeding port 12 is arranged at the top of the circulation pipeline 21, so that the input heavy metal capturer collides with the heavy metal solution in the circulation process, improving the reaction effect.

[0026] Refer to Figures 1 to 3, a driving mechanism is provided at the top of the reaction kettle 1. The driving mechanism is connected to the door panel 14 of the liquid outlet 13. The driving mechanism controls the lifting of the door panel 14. After the driving mechanism controls the door panel 14 to rise, the liquid outlet 13 is opened. After the driving mechanism controls the door panel 14 to descend, the liquid outlet 13 is closed. Further, connecting rods 34 are sequentially connected between the first filter plate 31, the second filter plate 32 and the third filter plate 33, so that an integral structure is formed among the three-layer filter plates. The three-layer filter plates are slidably arranged in the rectangular cavity of the reaction kettle 1 in the vertical direction. The driving mechanism is connected to the door panel 14 through the three-layer filter plates, that is, the three-layer filter plates and the door panel 14 are lifted and lowered synchronously. The purpose is that when the three-layer filter plates are lifted synchronously during the liquid discharging process, due to the self-weight and inertia of the purified solution above the filter plates, the lifted filter plates can force the purified solution above them to pass through faster, thereby improving the liquid discharging speed. Specifically, the driving mechanism includes a base 41, a rotating cylinder 42, a screw 43 and a motor 44. The base 41 is arranged on the top of the reaction kettle 1. The upper end of the rotating cylinder 42 is rotatably connected to the base 41. The rotation axis of the rotating cylinder 42 is a vertical line. The lower end of the rotating cylinder 42 passes through the top of the reaction kettle 1 downward. A threaded hole is opened at the lower end of the rotating cylinder 42. The upper end of the screw 43 is threadedly connected to the lower end of the rotating cylinder 42. The lower end of the screw 43 is fixedly connected to the first filter plate 31. The motor 44 is arranged on the base 41. The motor 44 is connected to the rotating cylinder 42 through a gear set 45. The motor 44 is used to control the rotation of the rotating cylinder 42. Based on the above-described driving mechanism, when the purified solution needs to be discharged, the motor 44 first drives the rotating cylinder 42 to rotate through the gear set 45. Then, due to the limited rotation of the three-layer filter plates, relative rotation will occur between the rotating cylinder 42 and the screw 43, thereby driving the screw 43 threadedly connected thereto to move upward. The screw 43 then drives the three-layer filter plates and the door panel 14 to rise, finally opening the liquid outlet 13. When the motor 44 controls the rotating cylinder 42 to rotate in the reverse direction, the three-layer filter plates and the door panel 14 are lowered, realizing the lifting control of the driving mechanism on the three-layer filter plates and the liquid outlet 13.

[0027] Referring to Figures 1 to 3 , a discharge pipe 15 is provided at the liquid outlet 13. The discharge pipe 15 is connected to the outer wall of the reaction kettle 1. The discharge pipe 15 is used to guide the purified solution for discharge. The discharge pipe 15 is in an L shape and includes a horizontal pipe and a vertical pipe. The inner end of the horizontal pipe is horizontally connected to the liquid outlet 13. The upper end of the vertical pipe is vertically connected to the outer end of the horizontal pipe. Further, during the process of the driving mechanism lifting the three-layer filter plates to accelerate the liquid discharge, since there are sediments on all three-layer filter plates, there may be a situation where the filter holes are blocked, resulting in the purified solution being unable to pass through the filter plates in time. On the one hand, the effect of accelerating the liquid discharge is reduced. On the other hand, it will cause the liquid level to rise rapidly, so that the water level in the reaction kettle 1 exceeds the highest water level line 51. To solve this problem, the present application further makes the following improvements.

[0028] Referring to Figures 1 to 3, a guiding column 61 is provided at the top of the reaction kettle 1. The base 41 of the driving mechanism is vertically inserted on the guiding column 61. A horizontal clamping hole 62 is formed between the outer wall of the base 41 and one of the guiding columns 61. A control cylinder 63 is also provided at the top of the reaction kettle 1. The control cylinder 63 is horizontally arranged and has a telescopic rod 64. The telescopic rod 64 of the control cylinder 63 is horizontally aligned with the clamping hole 62. When the driving mechanism controls the lifting of the filter plate and the door plate 14, the control cylinder 63 extends the telescopic rod 64 into the clamping hole 62 to fix the base 41. Further, the base 41 is connected with a linkage rod 71. The linkage rod 71 is L-shaped. The upper end of the linkage rod 71 is horizontally connected to the base 41, and the lower end is vertically inserted into the vertical pipe of the discharge pipe 15. A baffle 72 is also provided at the lower end of the linkage rod 71. The cross-section of the baffle 72 is smaller than the cross-section of the vertical pipe of the discharge pipe 15. In addition, the control cylinder 63, the motor 44 and the water level sensor 52 are signal-connected. When the water level sensor 52 senses that the water level in the reaction kettle 1 exceeds the highest water level line 51, first the motor 44 stops rotating, and then the control cylinder 63 controls the telescopic rod 64 to retract, releasing the fixed state of the base 41. At this time, the discharge of the purified liquid will impact the baffle 72 at the lower end of the linkage rod 71, generating vibrations. The vibration effect is then transmitted to the base 41 through the linkage rod 71, and then sequentially transmitted to the rotating cylinder 42, the screw 43 and the three-layer filter plate. The vibration can dredge the three-layer filter plate to ensure that the purified solution can smoothly pass through the filter plate and ensure the discharge speed of the purified solution. After the water level in the reaction kettle 1 returns to normal, the base 41 of the driving mechanism is fixed again under the control of the control cylinder 63, and the motor 44 of the driving mechanism continues to operate. In summary, during the liquid discharge stage, when the driving mechanism controls the three-layer filter plate to rise, if the water level exceeds the highest water level line 51 due to the blockage of the filter plate, the vibration effect generated during the liquid discharge process is used to dredge the filter plate, finally solving the above problems.

[0029] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , in order to improve the vibration effect, one section of the linkage rod 71 is a rubber section 73. The impact of the water flow causes the rubber section 73 to extend, and the elasticity of the rubber section 73 causes itself to return to its original shape. Under the repeated action of the impact force and the elastic restoring force, finally the linkage rod 71 improves the vibration effect by using the rubber section 73. In addition, the linkage rod 71 is also connected with a handle 74, so that when necessary, the staff can operate the linkage rod 71 to move up and down repeatedly to dredge the blocked filter plate.

[0030] The above are all the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the protection scope of this application accordingly. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A device for deep purification and removal of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy, characterized by: The invention comprises a reactor (1), wherein the reactor (1) is provided with a liquid inlet (11), a feeding port (12) and a liquid outlet (13), wherein the liquid outlet (13) is provided with a door plate (14), and wherein the door plate (14) is used to control the opening and closing of the liquid outlet (13); the reactor (1) is connected with a circulation pipeline (21), and wherein the circulation pipeline (21) is provided with a circulation pump (22); and wherein multiple layers of filter plates are provided from top to bottom in the reactor (1), wherein the filter plates are provided with filter holes, and the filter holes of the multiple layers of the filter plates are gradually reduced in size from top to bottom.

2. The device for deep purification and removal of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy according to claim 1, characterized in that: A driving mechanism is provided on the top of the reaction kettle (1), the driving mechanism being connected to the door panel (14) of the liquid outlet (13), the driving mechanism controlling the door panel (14) to rise and fall, the driving mechanism controlling the door panel (14) to rise and open the liquid outlet (13), and the driving mechanism controlling the door panel (14) to descend and close the liquid outlet (13).

3. The device for deep purification and removal of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy according to claim 2, characterized in that: Connecting rods (34) are sequentially connected between the multiple layers of filter plates, and the driving mechanism is connected to the door plate (14) via the filter plates.

4. The device for deep purification and removal of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a base (41), a rotating cylinder (42), a screw (43) and a motor (44); the base (41) is arranged on the top of the reaction kettle (1); the upper end of the rotating cylinder (42) is rotatably connected to the base (41); the lower end of the rotating cylinder (42) passes downward through the top of the reaction kettle (1); a threaded hole is provided at the lower end of the rotating cylinder (42); the upper end of the screw (43) is threadedly connected to the lower end of the rotating cylinder (42); the lower end of the screw (43) is fixedly connected to the filter plate (31); the motor (44) is arranged on the base (41); the motor (44) is connected to the rotating cylinder (42) via a gear set (45); and the motor (44) is used to control the rotating cylinder (42) to rotate.

5. The device for deep purification and removal of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reactor (1) is provided with a maximum water level line (51), and a water level sensor (52) is provided on the top of the reactor (1). The water level sensor (52) is used to monitor the water level of the heavy metal solution in the reactor (1).

6. The device for deep purification and removal of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy according to claim 5, characterized in that: A discharge pipe (15) is provided at the liquid outlet (13), and the discharge pipe (15) is connected to the outer wall of the reactor (1); a guide column (61) is provided at the top of the reactor (1), and the base (41) of the driving mechanism is vertically plugged into the guide column (61), and a horizontal clamping hole (62) is provided between the outer wall of the base (41) and the guide column (61); a control cylinder (63) is provided at the top of the reactor (1), and the control cylinder (63) has a telescopic rod (64), and the telescopic rod (64) of the control cylinder (63) is horizontally aligned with the clamping hole (62), and when the driving mechanism controls the filter plate and the door panel (14) to rise and fall, the filter plate (14) and the door panel (14) are lifted and lowered. The control cylinder (63) extends the telescopic rod (64) into the clamping hole (62); the base (41) is connected to a linkage rod (71), the upper end of the linkage rod (71) is horizontally connected to the base (41), and the lower end is vertically inserted into the discharge pipe (15), and a baffle (72) is provided at the lower end of the linkage rod (71); the control cylinder (63), the motor (44) and the water level sensor (52) are connected by signals, and when the water level sensor (52) detects that the water level in the reactor (1) exceeds the highest water level line (51), the motor (44) stops, and the control cylinder (63) controls the telescopic rod (64) to leave the clamping hole (62).

7. The device for deep purification and removal of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy according to claim 6, characterized in that: One section of the connecting rod (71) is a rubber section (73).

8. The device for deep purification and removal of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy according to claim 6, characterized in that: The linkage rod (71) is connected to a handle (74).

9. The device for deep purification and removal of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The circulation pipeline (21) comprises a pipeline inlet and a pipeline outlet, wherein the pipeline inlet is located below the filter plate, and the pipeline outlet is located above the highest water level line (51).

10. The device for deep purification and removal of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy according to claim 9, characterized in that: The feeding port (12) is arranged at the top of the circulation pipeline (21).

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