Preparation method and preparation and detection equipment of efficient filtering magnetized filter material

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method and preparation and detection equipment of an efficient filtering magnetized filter material, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly treating magnetic nanoparticles with oleic acid and ethidene diamine, then oxidizing carbon nanotubes, then adding the magnetic nanoparticles and the carbon nanotubes into a PAN basic spinning solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment and stirring to prepare a magnetic spinning solution, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the magnetic spinning solution to prepare the efficient filtering magnetized filter material. And finally spinning, magnetizing, collecting and testing the performance through electrostatic spinning equipment. The preparation and detection equipment is composed of an electrostatic spinning mechanism, a material collecting assembly, a powder feeding mechanism, a conveying mechanism and a detection mechanism, all the mechanisms are clear in work division, the electrostatic spinning mechanism is responsible for spinning, the powder feeding mechanism provides dust, the conveying mechanism conveys a filter material, and the detection mechanism measures the performance of the filter material. All parts of the equipment are ingenious in design, and preparation and performance detection of efficient filtering magnetized filter materials can be effectively achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of dust prevention and control, in particular to a preparation method and preparation and detection equipment for high-efficiency filtering magnetized filter material. Background Art

[0002] In metal processing, metallurgy and other industries, the amount of metal dust generated is huge. These metal dusts will not only cause serious pollution to the air quality of the workshop and endanger the health of workers, but may also cause safety accidents such as explosions, posing a major threat to the production environment and personnel safety. Therefore, efficient metal dust filtration technology has become the focus of the industry.

[0003] At present, traditional filter materials have many shortcomings in metal dust filtration. On the one hand, metal dust particles vary in size, and some particle sizes are at the submicron level or even nanometer level. The limited filtration efficiency of traditional filter materials makes it difficult to effectively intercept these tiny particles, resulting in a large amount of metal dust escaping and failing to achieve the ideal filtration effect. On the other hand, traditional filter materials have poor mechanical properties and are prone to wear and tear under the scouring of metal dust. Metal dust is often hard, and long-term friction will damage the structure of the filter material, thereby reducing the filtration performance and shortening the service life. Frequent replacement of filter materials will undoubtedly increase the operating costs and maintenance difficulties of enterprises.

[0004] Traditional methods are difficult to meet the special requirements of metal dust filtration for filter materials. When preparing filter materials for metal dust filtration, it is key to achieve uniform dispersion of nano-scale magnetic particles in the spinning solution, but traditional processes are difficult to overcome this problem, resulting in uneven magnetic distribution of the filter material, which weakens the adsorption and filtration capabilities of magnetic metal dust. In the process of filter material performance testing, traditional testing methods for metal dust filtration also have obvious defects. Since it is impossible to monitor the performance changes of the filter material during the metal dust filtration process in real time, it can only be sampled afterwards.

[0005] With the rapid development of industries such as metal processing and increasingly stringent environmental protection standards, it is urgent to develop an integrated equipment for the preparation and detection of high-efficiency magnetic filter materials specifically for metal dust filtration and purification. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned technical deficiencies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation method and preparation and detection equipment for high-efficiency filtration magnetized filter material. High-efficiency filtration magnetized filter material needs to have excellent filtration efficiency, can effectively capture metal dust of various particle sizes, and has good mechanical properties to resist the erosion and wear of metal dust. The preparation and detection equipment realizes automated production, improves production efficiency, reduces costs, and can detect the performance of the filter material in real time and accurately according to demand.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A preparation method of an efficient filtering and magnetizing filter medium, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Weigh magnetic nanoparticles and dissolve them in ethanol, stir, add oleic acid and ethylenediamine and mix them. Place the mixed solution in an oil bath and stir for reaction; after the reaction ends, cool the solution to room temperature, wash it with ethanol, and perform centrifugal separation to obtain oleic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles;

[0010] Step 2: Use a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid to oxidize carbon nanotubes; the ratio of the mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid is 3:1. Disperse the carbon nanotubes in the mixed solution of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid; stir and react at 60 - 80 °C for 2 - 3 hours; after the reaction ends, wash with deionized water; then wash with ethanol and perform centrifugal separation to obtain oxidized carbon nanotubes;

[0011] Step 3: Weigh PAN and dissolve it in deionized water, stir evenly to prepare a basic spinning solution; weigh the oleic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles and the oxidized carbon nanotubes, and add them to the basic spinning solution; use ultrasonic treatment on the mixed solution for 45 minutes; place the mixed solution on a magnetic stirrer and continue to stir for 2 - 3 hours; filter the mixed solution to remove undispersed particles to obtain a uniform magnetic spinning solution;

[0012] Step 4: Pass the prepared magnetic spinning solution through the preparation and detection equipment for the efficient filtering and magnetizing filter medium for spinning, magnetization, and collection to obtain the efficient filtering and magnetizing filter medium, and perform subsequent performance tests.

[0013] Preferably, in Step 1, oleic acid and ethylenediamine are mixed and added to ethanol in a ratio of 1:1; the oil bath temperature is controlled at 80 - 90 °C; the stirring reaction is carried out for 2 - 3 hours; a tabletop centrifuge is selected for centrifugation, and the rotation speed is 3000 - 5000 r / min.

[0014] Preferably, in Step 3, the mass concentration of PAN is 10%; the magnetic nanoparticles are neodymium iron boron particles and barium ferrite particles; the mass fractions of the magnetic nanoparticles and the proportion of the magnetic spinning solution are 1% and 2% respectively; the proportion of the oxidized carbon nanotubes is 1%.

[0015] Preferably, in Step 4, the parameter settings for electrospinning are: voltage is 15 - 20 kV, flow rate is 0.5 - 1.0 mL / h, and the spinning and winding speed is 10 - 1000 rpm.

[0016] A preparation and detection device for high-efficiency filtering magnetized filter material, comprising a frame and an electrostatic spinning mechanism, a material receiving assembly, a powder feeding mechanism, a transportation mechanism, and a detection mechanism installed on the frame; the material receiving assembly is arranged between the electrostatic spinning mechanism and the powder feeding mechanism; the detection mechanism is arranged on the side of the powder feeding mechanism away from the electrostatic spinning mechanism; the transportation mechanism is arranged below the powder feeding mechanism;

[0017] The electrostatic spinning mechanism is used to carry the configured magnetic spinning solution and spray the magnetic spinning solution onto the receiving component;

[0018] The material collecting component is used to magnetize and dry the magnetic spinning solution to produce a magnetic filter material;

[0019] The transport mechanism is used to cut the magnetized filter material produced on the material receiving assembly and transport the separated magnetized filter material to the detection area between the powder feeding mechanism and the detection mechanism;

[0020] The powder feeding mechanism is used to provide aerosol dust and collect settled aerosol dust;

[0021] The detection mechanism is used to control the operation of the electrostatic spinning mechanism, pump the aerosol dust inside the powder feeding mechanism to the magnetized filter material between the detection areas, and detect the air flow pressure drop and the particle concentration in the air flow when filtered through the magnetized filter material, and give the detection results.

[0022] Preferably, the electrospinning mechanism comprises a base, a bracket, an injector, a first motor, and a screw; a first linear motion module and a power supply are arranged on the base; the bracket is mounted on the first linear motion module; a slider is arranged on the bracket, and the slider is slidably mounted on the bracket; the first motor is fixed on the slider; a screw hole matching the screw is arranged on the bracket, and the screw is rotatably mounted in the screw hole; one end of the screw is connected to the output shaft of the first motor, and the other end is equipped with four magnetic metal clips; the injector comprises a cylinder and a push rod; a rubber head is installed at one end of the push rod, and a plurality of blades are fixedly arranged on the end of the rubber head away from the push rod; the plurality of blades are distributed in a circular array with the axis of the push rod as the center; the cylinder is fixed on the bracket; the rubber head is slidably mounted in the cylinder; the end of the push rod away from the rubber head is connected to the screw through a magnetic metal clip; a nozzle is arranged on the cylinder, and the nozzle is electrically connected to the power supply; the distance between the nozzle and the receiving assembly is 10-15cm.

[0023] Preferably, the material receiving assembly includes a first roller, a second roller, a second motor and a conductive conveyor belt; the first roller and the second roller are rotatably mounted on the frame; the second motor is fixed on the frame and is transmission-connected to the first roller; the conductive conveyor belt is sleeved and mounted on the first roller and the second roller; an electromagnet is arranged inside the first roller; the iron core of the electromagnet is formed by stacking silicon steel sheets.

[0024] Preferably, the conveying mechanism includes a belt conveyor, a cutting assembly, and a scraper; the belt conveyor, the cutting assembly, and the scraper are fixed on the frame; the cutting assembly and the scraper are located between the belt conveyor and the material receiving assembly. The cutting assembly is used to cut and disconnect the magnetized filter material on the material receiving assembly, and the scraper is used to scrape the cut magnetized filter material from the material receiving assembly onto the belt conveyor; the cutting assembly includes a cutting frame, a third motor, a gear, a rack, and a cutter head; the cutting frame is fixed on the frame; a guiding groove is provided on the cutting frame, and one end of the cutter head is slidably installed in the guiding groove; the third motor is fixed on the cutter head; the rack is fixed on the cutting frame; the gear is installed on the output shaft of the third motor and meshes with the rack for transmission; a cutting plane is provided on one side of the front end of the cutter head close to the material receiving assembly, and a material guiding curved surface is provided on the other side; an adjusting bolt is provided on the belt conveyor; a clamping assembly is provided at one end of the belt conveyor away from the cutting assembly; the clamping assembly includes a second linear motion module, a clamping frame, an electric cylinder, a clamping plate, and an infrared detector; the second linear motion module is vertically fixed on one side of the powder feeding mechanism close to the detection mechanism; the clamping frame is fixedly installed on the second linear motion module; the electric cylinder and the infrared detector are fixed on the clamping frame; the clamping plate is fixed on the piston rod of the electric cylinder; two electric cylinders and two clamping plates are respectively symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping frame.

[0025] Preferably, the powder feeding mechanism includes an aerosol dust generator, a dust bin, and a dust hopper; the dust bin is fixed on the frame; the aerosol dust generator is fixed on one side of the dust bin and communicates with the inside of the dust bin; the dust hopper is detachably installed at the lower part of the dust bin; a first sampling point is provided inside the dust hopper, and a first sampling sensor is provided at the first sampling point; a first opening is provided on one side of the dust bin close to the detection mechanism.

[0026] Preferably, the detection mechanism includes a control console, a ventilation duct, an electric slide rail, and an air extraction pump; the air extraction pump and the control console are fixed on the frame; the lower end of the electric slide rail is installed on the control console; the ventilation duct is fixedly installed at the upper end of the electric slide rail, and the front end of the ventilation duct faces the first opening; the ventilation duct is connected to the air extraction pump through a hose; a flow meter is installed at the connection between the ventilation duct and the hose; a second sampling point is provided on one side of the ventilation duct facing the first opening, and a second sampling sensor is provided at the second sampling point; the first sampling sensor, the second sampling sensor, the electric slide rail, and the air extraction pump are electrically connected to the control console.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] 1. In the present invention, oleic acid and ethylenediamine are used to treat magnetic nanoparticles to obtain oleic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles, which makes the distribution of magnetic nanoparticles in the filter media more uniform. At the same time, neodymium iron boron particles, barium ferrite particles, and carbon nanotubes after oxidation treatment are added to the PAN-based spinning solution according to a specific ratio, which not only endows the spinning fibers with magnetism but also greatly improves the mechanical properties of the spinning fibers, making the filter media more durable and extending the service life of the filter media.

[0029] 2. In the integrated equipment for preparing and detecting high-efficiency filtering magnetized filter media of the present invention, the syringe push rod is fixed by a magnetic metal clip, and the screw drives the push rod of the syringe to rotate. The blades arranged inside the rubber head can prevent the particles inside the spinning solution from settling, further ensuring the uniformity of the spinning solution.

[0030] 3. An electromagnet is installed inside the first idler roller of the present invention, and the core material is stacked by silicon steel sheets. This design ensures efficient conduction of magnetic flux, weakens the eddy current effect generated during energization, reduces the thermal effect, and while magnetizing the high-efficiency filtering magnetized filter media, it can also provide a suitable temperature to accelerate the drying of the high-efficiency filtering magnetized filter media, improving the production efficiency.

[0031] 4. The cutter head of the present invention is designed with a flat front and a curved rear. The flat end cuts the high-efficiency filtering magnetized filter media, and the curved end initially separates the cut filter media from the conductive conveyor belt, facilitating the subsequent scraping operation. The transportation mechanism can accurately transport the high-efficiency filtering magnetized filter media from the electrospinning mechanism to the detection mechanism, and realizes automatic transportation and positioning through the infrared detector and the clamping plate, improving the automation degree and efficiency of production.

[0032] 5. The console of the present invention is connected to the first sampling point sensor and the second sampling point sensor, and can measure the pressure drop when the high-efficiency filtering magnetized filter media is filtering, measure the particulate matter concentration in the air before and after the high-efficiency filtering magnetized filter media filters, calculate the filtration efficiency of different particle sizes, provide the pressure drop curve of the filter media, and show the relationship between the pressure drop and the inlet air velocity, so as to comprehensively evaluate the performance of the filter media under different working conditions, providing a scientific basis for the quality control and optimization of the filter media. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is the overall schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 is the external schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 is the internal schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the syringe and its bracket in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5Schematic diagram of the installation of the syringe in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rubber head at the front end of the syringe in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 Schematic cross-sectional view of the first idler roller in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the ash hopper in the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the cutter head in the present invention;

[0042] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the scraper in the present invention;

[0043] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the belt conveyor in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the splint in the present invention.

[0045] Wherein:

[0046] 1. Electrospinning mechanism; 11. Syringe; 12. Bracket; 13. Base; 14. First idler roller; 15. Second idler roller; 16. Conductive conveyor belt; 111. Rubber head; 112. Blade; 121. Screw; 122. First motor; 123. Magnetic metal clip; 141. Electromagnet;

[0047] 2. Powder feeding mechanism; 21. Aerosol dust generator; 22. Ash bin; 23. Ash hopper; 24. First sampling point;

[0048] 3. Transportation mechanism; 31. Blade; 32. Scraper; 33. Belt conveyor; 34. Splint; 36. Second linear motion module; 311. Cutter head; 312. Gear; 313. Rack; 331. Adjusting bolt; 341. Infrared detector;

[0049] 4. Detection mechanism; 41. Console; 42. Ventilation duct; 43. Electric slide rail; 44. Exhaust pump; 45. Flow meter; 46. Second sampling point. Detailed implementation manners

[0050] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] A preparation method of an efficient filtering and magnetizing filter material includes the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Weigh magnetic nanoparticles and dissolve them in ethanol, stir, add oleic acid and ethylenediamine and mix them. Place the mixed solution in an oil bath and stir for reaction. After the reaction, cool the solution to room temperature, wash it with ethanol, and centrifuge to obtain oleic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles. Among them, oleic acid and ethylenediamine are mixed and added to ethanol in a ratio of 1:1. The oil bath temperature is controlled at 80 - 90 °C. Stir for reaction for 2 - 3 hours. For centrifugation, a tabletop centrifuge is used with a rotation speed of 3000 - 5000 r / min.

[0053] Step 2: Use a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid to oxidize carbon nanotubes to improve their dispersibility in solutions and polymer matrices. The ratio of the mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid is 3:1. Disperse the carbon nanotubes in the mixed solution of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid. Stir for reaction at 60 - 80 °C for 2 - 3 hours. After the reaction, wash with deionized water multiple times until the pH value is close to neutral. Then wash with ethanol and centrifuge to obtain oxidized carbon nanotubes.

[0054] Step 3: Weigh PAN and dissolve it in deionized water, stir evenly to prepare a basic spinning solution. Weigh oleic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles and oxidized carbon nanotubes, and add them to the basic spinning solution. Use ultrasonic treatment on the mixed solution to ensure the uniform dispersion of magnetic nanoparticles. Ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 45 minutes. Place the mixed solution on a magnetic stirrer and continue to stir for 2 - 3 hours to ensure the complete dispersion of nanoparticles. Filter the mixed solution to remove undispersed particles to obtain a uniform magnetic spinning solution. Among them, the mass concentration of PAN is 10%. The magnetic nanoparticles are neodymium iron boron particles and barium ferrite particles. The mass fraction of magnetic nanoparticles and the proportion of the magnetic spinning solution are 1% and 2% respectively. The proportion of oxidized carbon nanotubes is 1%, which not only provides magnetism for the spun fibers but also greatly improves the mechanical properties of the spun fibers.

[0055] Step 4: Pass the prepared magnetic spinning solution through the preparation and detection equipment of high-efficiency filtration and magnetization filter media for spinning, magnetization, and collection to obtain high-efficiency filtration and magnetization filter media, and conduct subsequent performance tests. Among them, the parameter settings for electrospinning are: voltage is 15 - 20 kV, flow rate is 0.5 - 1.0 mL / h, and the spinning and winding speed is 10 - 1000 rpm.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] Weigh magnetic nanoparticles and dissolve them in ethanol, stir, add oleic acid and ethylenediamine (in a ratio of 1:1), place the mixed solution in an oil bath, control the oil bath temperature at 80 °C, and stir for reaction for 2 hours. After the reaction, cool the solution to room temperature, wash it with ethanol, and centrifuge to obtain oleic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles. The centrifuge rotation speed is set at 3000 r / min.

[0058] Weigh carbon nanotubes and perform oxidation treatment using a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid with a ratio of the mixture being 3:1. Disperse the carbon nanotubes in the mixed solution and stir and react at 70 °C for 2 hours. After the reaction, wash with deionized water multiple times until the pH value is close to neutral, then wash with ethanol, and centrifuge to obtain the oxidized carbon nanotubes.

[0059] Weigh PAN and dissolve it in deionized water, stir evenly to prepare a basic spinning solution. Add oleic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles (mass fraction is 1%) and oxidized carbon nanotubes (mass fraction is 1%). Ultrasonically treat the mixed solution for 45 minutes to ensure uniform dispersion of the particles. Place the solution on a magnetic stirrer and stir for 2 hours to obtain a uniform magnetic spinning solution.

[0060] Use electrospinning with the voltage set at 15 kV, the flow rate at 0.5 mL / h, and the spinning winding speed at 50 rpm to obtain a highly efficient filtering magnetic filter medium. Conduct performance tests on the finished product to verify its magnetism and filtering effect.

[0061] Example 2:

[0062] Weigh magnetic nanoparticles and dissolve them in ethanol and stir. Add oleic acid and ethylenediamine (in a ratio of 1:1), place the mixed solution in an oil bath with the oil bath temperature controlled at 90 °C, and stir and react for 3 hours. After the reaction, cool the solution to room temperature, wash with ethanol, and centrifuge to obtain oleic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles. Set the centrifuge speed at 5000 r / min.

[0063] Weigh carbon nanotubes and perform oxidation treatment using a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid with a ratio of the mixture being 3:1. Disperse the carbon nanotubes in the mixed solution and stir and react at 75 °C for 3 hours. After the reaction, wash with deionized water multiple times until the pH value is close to neutral, then wash with ethanol, and centrifuge to obtain the oxidized carbon nanotubes.

[0064] Weigh PAN and dissolve it in deionized water, stir evenly to prepare a basic spinning solution. Add oleic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles (mass fraction is 2%) and oxidized carbon nanotubes (mass fraction is 1%). Ultrasonically treat the mixed solution for 45 minutes to ensure uniform dispersion of the particles. Place the solution on a magnetic stirrer and stir for 3 hours to obtain a uniform magnetic spinning solution.

[0065] Use electrospinning with the voltage set at 20 kV, the flow rate at 1.0 mL / h, and the spinning winding speed at 1000 rpm to obtain a highly efficient filtering magnetic filter medium. Conduct performance tests on the finished product to verify its magnetism and filtering effect.

[0066] As Figures 1 to 12As shown in the figure, a preparation and detection device for an efficient filtering magnetized filter medium includes a frame and an electrospinning mechanism 1, a material collection assembly, a powder feeding mechanism 2, a transportation mechanism 3, and a detection mechanism 4 installed on the frame; the material collection assembly is arranged between the electrospinning mechanism 1 and the powder feeding mechanism 2; the detection mechanism 4 is arranged on the side of the powder feeding mechanism 2 away from the electrospinning mechanism 1; the transportation mechanism 3 is arranged below the powder feeding mechanism 2;

[0067] The electrospinning mechanism 1 is used to carry the configured magnetic spinning solution and spray the magnetic spinning solution onto the material collection assembly;

[0068] The material collection assembly is used to magnetize and dry the magnetic spinning solution to make a magnetized filter medium;

[0069] The transportation mechanism 3 is used to cut the magnetized filter medium made on the material collection assembly and transport the separated magnetized filter medium to the detection area between the powder feeding mechanism 2 and the detection mechanism 4;

[0070] The powder feeding mechanism 2 is used to provide aerosol dust and collect the settled aerosol dust;

[0071] The detection mechanism 4 is used to control the operation of the electrospinning mechanism 1, pump the aerosol dust inside the powder feeding mechanism 2 onto the magnetized filter medium between the detection areas, and detect the air pressure drop and the particle concentration in the air flow when passing through the magnetized filter medium, and give the detection results.

[0072] In this embodiment, the electrospinning mechanism includes a base 13, a bracket 12, a syringe 11, a first motor 122, and a screw 121; a first linear motion module and a power supply are provided on the base 13; the bracket 12 is installed on the first linear motion module; a slider is provided on the bracket 12, and the slider is slidably installed on the bracket 12; the first motor 122 is fixed on the slider; a screw hole matching the screw 121 is provided on the bracket 12, and the screw 121 is rotatably installed in the screw hole; one end of the screw 121 is connected to the output shaft of the first motor 122, and four magnetic metal clips 123 are installed on the other end; the syringe 11 includes a cylinder and a push rod; A rubber head 111 is installed at one end of the push rod, and a plurality of blades 112 are fixedly arranged on the end of the rubber head 111 away from the push rod; the plurality of blades 112 are distributed in a circular array with the axis of the push rod as the center; the cylinder is fixed on the bracket 12; the rubber head 111 is slidably installed in the cylinder; the end of the push rod away from the rubber head 111 is transmission-connected to the screw 121 through a magnetic metal clamp 123; a nozzle is arranged on the cylinder, and the nozzle and the first linear motion module are electrically connected to the power supply to provide voltage for electrostatic spinning; the first linear motion module drives the bracket 12 to move left and right to achieve the purpose of uniform spinning; the distance between the nozzle and the receiving component is 10-15cm. After the first motor 122 is started, it drives the screw 121 to rotate. Through the threaded cooperation between the screw 121 and the bracket 12, the screw 121 and the slider move along the axial direction of the push rod, driving the push rod to rotate while moving in the cylinder, and the spinning solution in the cylinder is pushed out from the nozzle through the rubber head 111; when the push rod rotates with the screw 121, the rubber head 111 rotates with the push rod, and the blades 112 on the rubber head 111 stir the spinning solution to prevent the particles inside the spinning solution from settling.

[0073] In this embodiment, the material receiving assembly includes a first roller 14, a second roller 15, a second motor and a conductive conveyor belt 16; the first roller 14 and the second roller 15 are rotatably installed on the frame; the second motor is fixed on the frame and is transmission-connected to the first roller 14; the conductive conveyor belt 16 is sleeved and installed on the first roller 14 and the second roller 15; an electromagnet 141 is arranged inside the first roller 14; the iron core of the electromagnet 141 is made of stacked silicon steel sheets to ensure efficient conduction of magnetic flux, while weakening the eddy current effect generated when power is turned on to reduce the thermal effect, so as to ensure that while magnetizing the magnetized filter material for efficient filtration, a suitable temperature can be provided to accelerate the drying of the magnetized filter material for efficient filtration.

[0074] In this embodiment, the transportation mechanism 3 includes a belt conveyor 33, a cutting assembly, and a scraper 32; the belt conveyor 33, the cutting assembly, and the scraper 32 are fixed to the frame; the cutting assembly and the scraper 32 are located between the belt conveyor 33 and the material receiving assembly. The cutting assembly is used to cut and disconnect the magnetized filter media on the material receiving assembly, and the scraper 32 is used to scrape the cut magnetized filter media from the material receiving assembly onto the belt conveyor 33; the cutting assembly is used to cut the highly efficient filtering magnetized filter media to separate the highly efficient filtering magnetized filter media from the conductive conveyor belt 16 and transport the highly efficient filtering magnetized filter media from the electrospinning mechanism 1 to the belt conveyor 33 of the detection mechanism 4; the cutting assembly includes a cutting frame, a third motor, a gear 312, a rack 313, and a cutter head 311; the cutting frame is fixed to the frame; a guiding groove is provided on the cutting frame, and one end of the cutter head 311 is slidably installed in the guiding groove; the third motor is fixed to the cutter head 311; the rack 313 is fixed to the cutting frame; the gear 312 is installed on the output shaft of the third motor and meshes with the rack 313 for transmission; a cutting plane is provided on one side of the front end of the cutter head 311 close to the material receiving assembly, and a guiding curved surface is provided on the other side. The cutting plane end is used to cut the highly efficient filtering magnetized filter media, and the guiding curved surface end is used to preliminarily separate the cut highly efficient filtering magnetized filter media from the conductive conveyor belt 16 to facilitate the operation of the scraper 32 in the subsequent process; an adjusting bolt 331 is provided on the belt conveyor 33 for adjusting the tightness of the conveyor belt provided thereon to prevent slipping; a clamping assembly is provided at one end of the belt conveyor 33 away from the cutting assembly; the clamping assembly includes a second linear motion module 36, a clamping frame, an electric cylinder, a clamping plate 34, and an infrared detector 341; the second linear motion module 36 is vertically fixed on one side of the powder feeding mechanism 2 close to the detection mechanism 4; the clamping frame is fixedly installed on the second linear motion module 36; the electric cylinder and the infrared detector 341 are fixed to the clamping frame; the clamping plate 34 is fixed to the piston rod of the electric cylinder; two electric cylinders and two clamping plates 34 are respectively symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping frame. When the infrared detector 341 detects the highly efficient filtering magnetized filter media, the electric cylinder drives the clamping plate 34 to press down, and the clamping plate 34 presses the highly efficient filtering magnetized filter media on the clamping frame, and the highly efficient filtering magnetized filter media is transported to the designated position for detection through the second linear motion module 36.

[0075] In this embodiment, the powder feeding mechanism 2 includes an aerosol dust generator 21, a dust bin 22, and a dust hopper 23; the dust bin 22 provides space for dust diffusion and is fixed to the frame; the aerosol dust generator 21 is used to provide dust, is fixed on one side of the dust bin 22 and is communicated with the inside of the dust bin 22; the dust hopper 23 is used to collect the settled dust and is detachably installed at the lower part of the dust bin 22; a first sampling point 24 is provided on the inner side of the dust hopper 23, and a first sampling sensor is provided at the first sampling point 24; a first opening is provided on one side of the dust bin 22 close to the detection mechanism 4.

[0076] In this embodiment, the detection mechanism 4 includes a console 41, a ventilation duct 42, an electric slide rail 43, and an exhaust pump 44; the exhaust pump 44 and the console 41 are fixed on the frame; the lower end of the electric slide rail 43 is installed on the console 41; the ventilation duct 42 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the electric slide rail 43, and the front end of the ventilation duct 42 faces the first opening; the ventilation duct 42 is connected to the exhaust pump 44 through a hose; a flow meter 45 is installed at the connection between the ventilation duct 42 and the hose; a second sampling point 46 is provided on one side of the ventilation duct 42 facing the first opening, and a second sampling sensor is provided at the second sampling point 46; the first sampling sensor, the second sampling sensor, the electric slide rail 43, and the exhaust pump 44 are electrically connected to the console 41. The console 41 is used to control electrospinning and observe the detection results of the high-efficiency filtering and magnetizing filter material. By measuring the pressure drop during the filtration of the high-efficiency filtering and magnetizing filter material at the first sampling point 24 and the second sampling point 46, and measuring the particulate matter concentration in the air before and after the filtration of the high-efficiency filtering and magnetizing filter material, the filtration efficiency of different particle sizes is calculated, a filter material pressure drop curve is provided to show the relationship between the pressure drop and the inlet air velocity, and the performance of the filter material under different working conditions is evaluated.

[0077] Working principle

[0078] The preparation and detection equipment for the high-efficiency filtering and magnetizing filter material consists of multiple parts such as an electrospinning mechanism 1, a material receiving assembly, a powder feeding mechanism 2, a transportation mechanism 3, a detection mechanism 4, etc. The working principle can be divided into the following main steps:

[0079] Electrospinning process

[0080] After the equipment is started, the electrospinning mechanism 1 is responsible for spraying the configured magnetic spinning solution onto the material receiving assembly through a nozzle. The electrospinning mechanism 1 generates a high voltage through a power supply, drives the nozzle to release the spinning solution, and forms an electrostatic field between the nozzle and the material receiving assembly, so that the spinning solution is stretched under the action of the electric field and forms fibers. To ensure the uniformity of the spinning solution, the electrospinning mechanism 1 drives the directional output of the spinning solution through the rotation of the screw 121 and the movement of the push rod, and at the same time stirs the spinning solution with the blades 112 on the rubber head 111 to prevent the particles in the liquid from settling and ensure the uniformity of the spinning solution.

[0081] Magnetization and drying of the magnetizing filter material

[0082] The material receiving assembly is responsible for receiving the electrospinning solution and performing magnetization and drying treatments. The material receiving assembly conveys the spinning solution to the set position through the conductive conveyor belt 16, and at the same time magnetizes it through the electromagnet 141, so that the spun filter material has magnetism. To accelerate the drying process, the electromagnet 141 is designed in the form of stacked silicon steel sheets to reduce eddy current effects and thermal effects, improve the temperature control during magnetization, and ensure the quality of the magnetizing filter material.

[0083] Cutting and transportation

[0084] The magnetized filter media that have been magnetized and dried will be subjected to subsequent processing by the transportation mechanism 3. The transportation mechanism 3 cuts the magnetized filter media from the material receiving component through the belt conveyor 33 and the cutting assembly and transports them to the detection area. During this process, the cutting head 311 of the cutting assembly precisely cuts the magnetized filter media to ensure that the filter media are of appropriate size, and the scraper 32 is used to convey the cut filter media to the detection area for further analysis.

[0085] Dust Supply and Filtration

[0086] The powder feeding mechanism 2 is responsible for providing aerosol dust to simulate the filtration effect in the actual working environment. The aerosol dust generator 21 introduces dust particles into the ash bin 22 and makes them evenly distributed through air diffusion. Thereafter, the dust will enter the filtration area along with the air flow and come into contact with the magnetized filter media, and the magnetized filter media exert their high-efficiency filtration performance to capture the particulate matter in the air flow.

[0087] Detection and Performance Evaluation

[0088] The detection mechanism 4 detects the air flow after being filtered by the magnetized filter media. The detection mechanism 4 monitors the air flow pressure drop and the particulate matter concentration before and after filtration during the filtration process through the flowmeter 45 and the sensor. The console 41 controls the working states of each component, collects data, and calculates the filtration efficiency. By measuring the filtration effects of particulate matters with different particle sizes and plotting the pressure drop curve, the performance of the filter media under different working conditions is detected.

[0089] Result Feedback and Adjustment

[0090] Finally, the console 41 provides real-time feedback and adjusts the equipment parameters such as the electrospinning voltage and the spinning flow rate according to the detection data to optimize the quality and filtration efficiency of the magnetized filter media. The equipment automatically adjusts the working states of the electrospinning mechanism 1, the powder feeding mechanism 2, and other components according to the detection results to ensure that the system operates in the best state.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high-efficiency filtration magnetized filter material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: weigh magnetic nanoparticles, dissolve them in ethanol and stir, add oleic acid and ethylenediamine and mix, place the mixed solution in an oil bath, and stir to react; after the reaction is completed, cool the solution to room temperature, wash with ethanol, and centrifuge to obtain oleic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles; Step 2: using a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid to oxidize the carbon nanotubes; the ratio of the mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid is 3:1, and the carbon nanotubes are dispersed in the mixed solution of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid; stirring and reacting at 60-80°C for 2-3 hours; after the reaction, washing with deionized water; then washing with ethanol, centrifuging, and obtaining oxidized carbon nanotubes; Step 3: Weigh PAN and dissolve it in deionized water, stir it evenly, and prepare a basic spinning solution; weigh oleic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles and oxidized carbon nanotubes, and add them to the basic spinning solution; use ultrasonic treatment to treat the mixed solution for 45 minutes; place the mixed solution on a magnetic stirrer and continue stirring for 2-3 hours; filter the mixed solution to remove undispersed particles to obtain a uniform magnetic spinning solution; Step 4: Spin, magnetize and collect the prepared magnetic spinning solution through the preparation and testing equipment of high-efficiency filtration magnetized filter material to obtain high-efficiency filtration magnetized filter material, and conduct subsequent performance tests.

2. The method for preparing a high-efficiency filtration magnetized filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, oleic acid and ethylenediamine are mixed in a ratio of 1:1 and added to ethanol; the temperature of the oil bath is controlled at 80-90°C; the reaction is stirred for 2-3 hours; and a desktop centrifuge is used for centrifugation at a speed of 3000-5000 r / min.

3. The method for preparing a high-efficiency filtration magnetized filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step three, the mass concentration of PAN is 10%; the magnetic nanoparticles are neodymium iron boron particles and barium ferrite particles; the mass fraction of the magnetic nanoparticles and the magnetic spinning solution account for 1% and 2% respectively; the carbon nanotubes after oxidation treatment account for 1%.

4. The method for preparing a high-efficiency filtration magnetized filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, the electrospinning parameters are set as follows: voltage is 15-20 kV, flow rate is 0.5-1.0 mL / h, and spinning and winding speed is 10-1000 rpm.

5. The preparation and detection equipment for high-efficiency filtration magnetized filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame and an electrostatic spinning mechanism (1), a material receiving assembly, a powder feeding mechanism (2), a transport mechanism (3), and a detection mechanism (4) mounted on the frame; the material receiving assembly is arranged between the electrostatic spinning mechanism (1) and the powder feeding mechanism (2); the detection mechanism (4) is arranged on a side of the powder feeding mechanism (2) away from the electrostatic spinning mechanism (1); and the transport mechanism (3) is arranged below the powder feeding mechanism (2); The electrostatic spinning mechanism (1) is used to carry the configured magnetic spinning solution and spray the magnetic spinning solution onto the receiving component; The material collecting component is used to magnetize and dry the magnetic spinning solution to produce a magnetic filter material; The transport mechanism (3) is used to cut the magnetized filter material produced on the material receiving assembly and transport the separated magnetized filter material to the detection area between the powder feeding mechanism (2) and the detection mechanism (4); The powder supply mechanism (2) is used to supply aerosol dust and collect settled aerosol dust; The detection mechanism (4) is used to control the operation of the electrostatic spinning mechanism (1), to pump the aerosol dust inside the powder feeding mechanism (2) to the magnetized filter material between the detection areas, and to detect the pressure drop of the airflow when filtering through the magnetized filter material and the concentration of particulate matter in the airflow, and to provide the detection results.

6. The preparation and detection equipment for high-efficiency filtration magnetized filter material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electrospinning mechanism comprises a base (13), a bracket (12), an injector (11), a first motor (122), and a screw (121); a first linear motion module and a power supply are arranged on the base (13); the bracket (12) is mounted on the first linear motion module; a slider is arranged on the bracket (12), and the slider is slidably mounted on the bracket (12); the first motor (122) is fixed on the slider; a screw hole matching the screw (121) is arranged on the bracket (12), and the screw (121) is rotatably mounted in the screw hole; one end of the screw (121) is connected to the output shaft of the first motor (122) by transmission, and the other end is mounted with a Four magnetic metal clips (123); the syringe (11) comprises a cylinder and a push rod; a rubber head (111) is installed at one end of the push rod, and a plurality of blades (112) are fixedly arranged on the end of the rubber head (111) away from the push rod; the plurality of blades (112) are distributed in a circular array with the axis of the push rod as the center; the cylinder is fixed on the bracket (12); the rubber head (111) is slidably installed in the cylinder; the end of the push rod away from the rubber head (111) is transmission-connected to the screw (121) through the magnetic metal clip (123); a nozzle is arranged on the cylinder, and the nozzle is electrically connected to a power source; the distance between the nozzle and the material receiving component is 10-15 cm.

7. The preparation and detection equipment for high-efficiency filtration magnetized filter material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The material receiving assembly comprises a first roller (14), a second roller (15), a second motor and a conductive conveyor belt (16); the first roller (14) and the second roller (15) are rotatably mounted on the frame; the second motor is fixed on the frame and is in driving connection with the first roller (14); the conductive conveyor belt (16) is sleeved and mounted on the first roller (14) and the second roller (15); an electromagnet (141) is arranged inside the first roller (14); the iron core of the electromagnet (141) is formed by stacking silicon steel sheets.

8. The preparation and detection equipment for high-efficiency filtration magnetized filter material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transport mechanism (3) comprises a belt conveyor (33), a cutting assembly and a scraper (32); the belt conveyor (33), the cutting assembly and the scraper (32) are fixed on the frame; the cutting assembly and the scraper (32) are located between the belt conveyor (33) and the material receiving assembly, the cutting assembly is used to cut off the magnetized filter material on the material receiving assembly, and the scraper (32) is used to scrape the cut magnetized filter material from the material receiving assembly to the belt conveyor (33); the cutting assembly comprises a cutting frame, a third motor, a gear (312), a rack (313), and a cutter head (311); the cutting frame is fixed on the frame; a guide groove is provided on the cutting frame, and one end of the cutter head (311) can be slidably installed in the guide groove; the third motor is fixed on the cutter head (311); the rack (313) is fixed on the cutting frame; the gear (312) is installed on the output shaft of the third motor and is connected to the gear (312). The strip (313) is meshed for transmission; a cutting plane is provided on one side of the front end of the cutter head (311) close to the material receiving assembly, and a material guiding curved surface is provided on the other side; an adjusting bolt (331) is provided on the belt conveyor (33); a clamping assembly is provided on the end of the belt conveyor (33) away from the cutting assembly; the clamping assembly comprises a second linear motion module (36), a clamping frame, an electric cylinder, a clamping plate (34) and an infrared detector (341); the second linear motion module (36) is vertically fixed on one side of the powder feeding mechanism (2) close to the detection mechanism (4); the clamping frame is fixedly mounted on the second linear motion module (36); the electric cylinder and the infrared detector (341) are fixed on the clamping frame; the clamping plate (34) is fixed on the piston rod of the electric cylinder; two electric cylinders and two clamping plates (34) are each configured; the two electric cylinders and the two clamping plates (34) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping frame.

9. The preparation and detection equipment for high-efficiency filtration magnetized filter material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The powder feeding mechanism (2) comprises an aerosol dust generator (21), an ash bin (22), and an ash hopper (23); the ash bin (22) is fixed on the frame; the aerosol dust generator (21) is fixed on one side of the ash bin (22) and is in communication with the interior of the ash bin (22); the ash hopper (23) is detachably mounted on the lower part of the ash bin (22); a first sampling point (24) is provided on the inner side of the ash hopper (23), and a first sampling sensor is provided at the first sampling point (24); a first opening is provided on one side of the ash bin (22) close to the detection mechanism (4).

10. The preparation and detection equipment for high-efficiency filtration magnetized filter material according to claim 9, characterized in that: The detection mechanism (4) comprises a control console (41), a ventilation duct (42), an electric slide rail (43), and an exhaust pump (44); the exhaust pump (44) and the control console (41) are fixed on the frame; the lower end of the electric slide rail (43) is mounted on the control console (41); the ventilation duct (42) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the electric slide rail (43), and the front end of the ventilation duct (42) is arranged toward the first opening; the ventilation duct (42) is connected to the exhaust pump (44) through a hose; a flow meter (45) is installed at the connection between the ventilation duct (42) and the hose; a second sampling point (46) is arranged on the side of the ventilation duct (42) facing the first opening, and a second sampling sensor is arranged at the second sampling point (46); the first sampling sensor, the second sampling sensor, the electric slide rail (43), the exhaust pump (44) and the control console (41) are electrically connected.

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