Bar material stirring friction additive and subtractive integrated device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a bar stirring friction additive and subtractive integrated device and method, and the device comprises a main shaft which is connected with an external machine tool and is used for rotating under the driving of the machine tool; the bar fixing assembly is arranged in the main shaft and used for fixing the position of a bar; the hydraulic assembly is arranged in the main shaft, is connected with the bar fixing assembly and is used for driving the bar fixing assembly so as to drive the bar to move downwards; the additive and subtractive integrated stirring head assembly is connected with the main shaft and is used for rotating and rubbing under the driving of the main shaft to plasticize and deposit the bar material so as to carry out additive material; and the cutter is connected with the additive and subtractive material integrated stirring head assembly and used for cutting the workpiece subjected to additive material through rotation so as to carry out additive material subtracting. According to the additive and subtractive material integrated stirring head assembly, additive material subtracting can be carried out while additive material adding is carried out, a machine tool does not need to be replaced, and the convenience of additive material adding and additive material subtracting is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of additive and subtractive manufacturing, and particularly to a bar friction stir additive and subtractive integrated device and method. Background Art

[0002] In the development process of additive manufacturing technology, friction stir additive manufacturing technology has gradually emerged as a new type of solid-phase joining technology. Based on the principle of friction stir welding technology, through the frictional heat and stirring action between the stirring head and the material, the layer-by-layer stacking and solid-state joining of the material are realized. This technology adopts the method of a hollow shoulder and bar feeding. By the rotation and advancement of the stirring head, the bar is fed into the frictional heat area formed between the stirring head and the base material, causing the material to undergo thermoplastic flow and layer-by-layer stacking on the base material, and then forming a deposition layer. Compared with the traditional melting additive manufacturing technology, this technology has the advantages that the material does not melt, avoiding melting-solidification defects, can induce recrystallization to obtain a fine-grained structure, and uses frictional heat as the heat source to avoid process defects such as arc light and spatter. Additive friction stir deposition (AFSD) is a process method for additive manufacturing of components by layer-by-layer deposition of bar stock on a substrate using the stirring action of a hollow stirring head. The AFSD process is a new solid-phase additive manufacturing technology. During the AFSD process, the feeding material in the hollow stirring head rotates with the shoulder of the stirring head. When the bar stock contacts the substrate, frictional heat is generated, and the temperature of the bar stock rises, causing it to undergo plastic deformation in the space between the substrate and the stirring head. The combined action of the axial pressure of the feeding device and the shear force of the rotating stirring head continuously plasticizes the bar stock and deposits it on the surface of the substrate, finally forming an additive component. In the prior art, the inner cross-section of the main shaft of the vast majority of friction stir additive manufacturing equipment is fixed and the bar stock size is fixed, and specific components are formed through additive manufacturing, but this results in limited dimensions of the additive components to a certain extent, and thus the application range will also be affected; most of the existing friction stir additive manufacturing devices are single-functional and can only achieve solid-phase deposition additive manufacturing, but cannot achieve the function of subtractive manufacturing, which leads to overly rough surfaces of the additive components, and some components have serious flash phenomena, seriously affecting the finished product effect of the components.

[0003] The current friction stir additive manufacturing device is not equipped with a tool changing device. The flash generated during the deposition of metal bar stock for additive manufacturing is intermittent, discontinuous, and has different shapes, and the formed components also have different uses. A single subtractive device can only cut specific components, and different components require different tools for processing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention is made to solve the above problems, and aims to provide a bar friction stir additive and subtractive integrated device and method.

[0005] The present invention provides a rod friction stir additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated device, which has the following characteristics: including a main shaft connected to an external machine tool and used to rotate driven by the machine tool; a rod fixing component arranged inside the main shaft and used to fix the position of the rod; a hydraulic component arranged inside the main shaft and connected to the rod fixing component, and used to drive the rod fixing component and then drive the rod to move downward; an additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated stirring head component connected to the main shaft and used to rotate and friction under the drive of the main shaft to plasticize and deposit the rod for additive manufacturing; a tool connected to the additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated stirring head component and used to perform subtractive manufacturing by rotating and cutting the workpiece after additive manufacturing.

[0006] In the rod friction stir additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated device provided by the present invention, it may also have the following characteristics: among them, the hydraulic component includes a piston, a hexagonal nut and a piston rod. The hexagonal nut connects the piston and the piston rod respectively, and the piston rod is also connected to the rod fixing component.

[0007] In the rod friction stir additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated device provided by the present invention, it may also have the following characteristics: among them, the rod fixing component includes an upper disc, a lower disc, a first shaft component, a second shaft component, a clamping rod and a first cylinder. The upper disc is connected to the hydraulic component, the lower disc is clamped by the arc-shaped clamping groove on the side of the upper disc, the first shaft component is arranged in the sliding groove of the upper disc, the second shaft component is connected to the pin shaft of the lower disc, the clamping rod is connected to the first shaft component and the second shaft component respectively, and the first cylinder is connected to the lower disc.

[0008] In the rod friction stir additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated device provided by the present invention, it may also have the following characteristics: among them, the additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated stirring head component includes a stirring head, a stirring pin, a hollow shaft of the stirring head, a sleeve and a steel ball. The hollow shaft of the stirring head is arranged inside the stirring head, the stirring pin is arranged at the bottom of the stirring head, the sleeve is arranged inside the hollow shaft of the stirring head, and the steel ball is arranged in the hole of the sleeve.

[0009] In the rod friction stir additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated device provided by the present invention, it may also have the following characteristics: among them, it further includes an automatic tool change component used for automatically changing tools.

[0010] In the rod friction stir additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated device provided by the present invention, it may also have the following characteristics: among them, the automatic tool change component includes a tool change disc used for rotating and switching tools during subtractive manufacturing and installing the tools on the additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated stirring head component; a driving part connected to the tool change disc and used to drive the tool change disc to change tools.

[0011] In the rod friction stir additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated device provided by the present invention, it may also have the following characteristics: among them, the tool change disc includes a disc body and a clamping jaw part. The clamping jaw part is arranged on the side of the disc body, and the number of the clamping jaw parts is at least one.

[0012] In the bar friction stir additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated device provided by the present invention, it may further have the following characteristics: Among them, the jaw part includes: a mounting box, jaws, a second cylinder, and a trapezoidal block. The shaft of the mounting box is connected to the pin shaft of the jaws. The second cylinder is arranged inside the mounting box, and the trapezoidal block is connected to the second cylinder.

[0013] The present invention provides a bar friction stir additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated method, which is applied to the above-mentioned bar friction stir additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated device, and has the following characteristics, including: during additive manufacturing, the machine tool controls the rotation of the main shaft. The bar fixing component inside the main shaft fixes the bar. The piston rod of the hydraulic component moves downward, pushing the bar to move downward at a constant speed, so that the bar is extruded from the hollow shaft of the stirring head. The main shaft drives the stirring head and the bar to rotate together, causing the bar to be plasticized and deposited. The stirring needles at the lower end of the stirring head stir the bar evenly and sufficiently to complete additive manufacturing;

[0014] During subtractive manufacturing, the driving part of the automatic tool change component drives the tool change disc to rotate for tool change. The tool change disc will lift the tool handle of the tool upward and align it with the hollow shaft of the stirring head. There is a sleeve inside the hollow shaft of the stirring head. There are four symmetrical holes at the lower part of the sleeve, and steel balls are embedded in the holes. When the tool handle of the tool pushes up the bottom of the sleeve, the sleeve will drive the steel balls to roll upward. When reaching a certain position, the steel balls will be pushed out by the inner wall of the stirring head. The tool handle is fixed by the part pushed out by the four steel balls. Subsequently, the main shaft rotates to cut the excess flash of the component after additive manufacturing to complete subtractive manufacturing.

[0015] Functions and effects of the invention

[0016] According to a bar friction stir additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated device and method involved in the present invention, because the main shaft is connected to an external machine tool and is used to rotate under the drive of the machine tool; the bar fixing component is arranged inside the main shaft and is used to fix the position of the bar; the hydraulic component is arranged inside the main shaft and is connected to the bar fixing component, and is used to drive the bar fixing component and thus drive the bar to move downward; the additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated stirring head component is connected to the main shaft and is used to rotate and friction under the drive of the main shaft to plasticize and deposit the bar for additive manufacturing; the tool is connected to the additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated stirring head component and is used to cut the workpiece after additive manufacturing by rotation for subtractive manufacturing. Therefore, the bar friction stir additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated device and method of the present invention expand the application field of additive manufactured components, can perform subtractive manufacturing while performing additive manufacturing, do not require replacing the machine tool, and are equipped with a tool change device to timely change the tool during subtractive manufacturing according to different requirements, improving the convenience of subtractive manufacturing. Brief description of the drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the bar friction stir additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated device in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2This is the front view of the bar friction stir additive and subtractive integrated device in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is the bottom view of the bar fixing component in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is the structural schematic diagram of the bar fixing component in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is the sectional structural schematic diagram of the hydraulic component in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is the sectional structural schematic diagram of the additive and subtractive integrated stirring head component in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is the structural schematic diagram of the additive and subtractive integrated stirring head component in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is the structural schematic diagram of the tool fixing of the additive and subtractive integrated stirring head component in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 This is the structural schematic diagram of the jaw part in the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0027] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the following embodiments will specifically describe the bar friction stir additive and subtractive integrated device and method of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings.

[0028] Embodiment

[0029] Figure 1 This is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the bar friction stir additive and subtractive integrated device 100 in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is the front view of the bar friction stir additive and subtractive integrated device 100 in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Such asFigure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in Figure 2 , this embodiment provides a bar friction stir additive - subtractive integrated device 100, including: a main shaft 10, a bar fixing assembly 20, a hydraulic assembly 30, an additive - subtractive integrated friction stir head assembly 40, a cutting tool 50, and an automatic tool changer assembly 60. For convenience of distinction, in this embodiment, the cutting tool to be replaced is 50a, and the cutting tool used for replacement is 50b.

[0032] The main shaft 10 is connected to an external machine tool and is used to rotate driven by the machine tool. The main shaft 10 is a cylindrical tubular structure with a cavity inside.

[0033] Figure 3 is the bottom view of the bar fixing assembly in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the bar fixing assembly in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] As Figures 1-4 shown, the bar fixing assembly 20 is arranged inside the cylinder of the main shaft 10 and is used to fix the position of the bar 70.

[0036] Among them, the bar fixing assembly 20 includes: an upper disc 21, a lower disc 22, a first shaft member 23, a second shaft member 24, a clamping rod 25, and a first cylinder 26.

[0037] The first shaft member 23, the second shaft member 24, and the clamping rod 25 form a transmission unit. The number of transmission units is multiple. In this embodiment, the number of transmission units is three.

[0038] The upper disc 21 is connected to the hydraulic assembly 30. The lower disc 22 is clamped by the arc - shaped card slot on the side of the upper disc 21. The first shaft member 23 is connected to one end of the clamping rod 25 and is arranged in the sliding groove of the upper disc 21. The second shaft member 24 is connected to the other end of the clamping rod 25 and is connected to the pin shaft of the lower disc 22. The first cylinder 26 is connected to the lower disc 22.

[0039] The first cylinder 26 drives the lower disc 22 to rotate, driving the movement of the second shaft members 24 of multiple transmission units connected to the pin shaft of the lower disc 22, thereby driving the movement of the clamping rods of multiple transmission units. The common movement of the clamping rods in multiple transmission units changes the diameter between the arcs, enabling the bar fixing assembly 20 to accommodate bars of different sizes.

[0040] Figure 5 is the sectional structural schematic diagram of the hydraulic assembly in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] As Figures 1-5As shown in the figure, the hydraulic component 30 is arranged inside the cylinder of the main shaft 10 and is connected to the bar fixing component 20, and is used to drive the bar fixing component 20 to drive the bar 70 to move downward.

[0042] Among them, the hydraulic component 30 includes: a piston 31, a hexagon nut 32, and a piston rod 33.

[0043] The hexagon nut 32 is fixed to the top inside the cylinder of the main shaft 10. The piston rod 33 is connected to the piston 31 through the hexagon nut 32, and the piston rod 33 is also connected to the bar fixing component 20. When the hydraulic component 30 is injected with liquid, the liquid pressure pushes the piston 31 to move downward, and at the same time drives the piston rod 33 to move downward. The piston rod 33 drives the bar fixing component 20 to move downward, and the bar 70 fixed by the bar fixing component 20 moves downward with the bar fixing component 20.

[0044] Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the integrated additive and subtractive stirring head assembly in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 7 It is a schematic structure diagram of the integrated additive and subtractive stirring head assembly in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] As Figures 1-7 shown, the lower bottom surface of the frustum-shaped integrated additive and subtractive stirring head assembly 40 is connected to the bottom of the main shaft 10, and is used to rotate and friction under the drive of the main shaft 10 to plasticize and deposit the bar 70 on the surface of the processing platform, thereby performing additive manufacturing.

[0047] Among them, the integrated additive and subtractive stirring head assembly 40 includes: a stirring head 41, stirring pins 42, a hollow shaft of the stirring head 43, a sleeve 44, and steel balls 45.

[0048] The stirring head 41 is frustum-shaped, the lower bottom surface is connected to the main shaft 10, the upper bottom surface is provided with a hollow shaft of the stirring head 43, and at least 4 stirring pins 42 are arranged on the hollow shaft of the stirring head 43. There is a cylindrical cavity inside the axis of the frustum-shaped stirring head 41, and a sleeve 44 is arranged inside the cavity. When the bar 70 moves downward for additive manufacturing, it passes through the sleeve 44 and is extruded from the hollow shaft of the stirring head 43, and the stirring pins 42 uniformly and fully stir the plasticized bar 70 to complete additive manufacturing.

[0049] There are several symmetric holes at the lower end part of the sleeve 44, and steel balls 45 are placed in the holes for fixing the cutting tool 50.

[0050] Figure 8 It is a schematic structure diagram of the integrated additive and subtractive stirring head assembly for fixing the cutting tool in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] As Figures 1-8As shown, the cutting tool 50 is installed on the upper bottom surface of the integrated additive and subtractive stirring head assembly 40, and is used to perform subtractive machining by rotating and cutting the workpiece after additive manufacturing.

[0052] Before preparing for subtractive machining, the tool shank of the cutting tool 50 is placed into the sleeve 44 through the hollow shaft 43 of the stirring head. During the upward movement of the tool shank of the cutting tool 50, the sleeve 44 will drive the steel balls 45 to roll upward. When reaching the hole at the lower end of the sleeve 44, 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the steel balls 45 will be pushed out by the inner wall of the stirring head 41. The tool shank is fixed by the parts pushed out by several steel balls 45. Subsequently, the main shaft 10 rotates to drive the cutting tool 50 to rotate, and the workpiece after additive manufacturing is cut to complete subtractive machining.

[0053] The automatic tool changer assembly 60 is used to automatically change the cutting tool.

[0054] Among them, the automatic tool changer assembly 60 includes: a tool changing disc 61 and a driving part 62.

[0055] The driving part 62 is connected to the tool changing disc 61 and is used to drive the tool changing disc 61 to rotate and move up and down.

[0056] The tool changing disc 61 is used to switch the cutting tool 50.

[0057] Among them, the tool changing disc 61 includes: a disc body 611 and a plurality of jaw parts 612.

[0058] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the jaw part in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] As Figures 1-9 shown, a plurality of jaw parts 612 are arranged on the side surface of the disc body 611.

[0060] Among them, the jaw part 612 includes: a mounting box 6121, a jaw 6122, a second cylinder 6123, and a trapezoidal block 6124.

[0061] The shaft of the mounting box 6121 is connected to the pin shaft of the jaw 6122. The second cylinder 6123 is arranged in the mounting box 6121, and the trapezoidal block 6124 is connected to the second cylinder 6123.

[0062] The jaw 6122 and the trapezoidal block 6124 work together to control the opening and closing of the jaw. When it is necessary to open the cutting tool 50, the second cylinder 6123 drives the trapezoidal block 6124 to move outward. The trapezoidal block pushes the tail of the jaw 6122, and the jaw 6122 rotates around the shaft of the mounting box 6121, and the angle formed between the jaws 6122 becomes larger, releasing the cutting tool 50. When it is necessary to clamp the cutting tool 50, the trapezoidal block 6124 moves inward, and the angle formed between the jaws 6122 becomes smaller, gripping the cutting tool 50.

[0063] Each jaw part 612 holds a tool 50 of a different model. When it is necessary to switch the tool 50, the empty jaw part 612 is moved to the tool-changing station, which is directly below the hollow shaft 43 of the stirring head. The second cylinder 6123 in the jaw part 612 drives the trapezoidal block 6124 to move outwards. The trapezoidal block 6124 pushes the tail of the jaw 6122 to open the jaw 6122. The driving part 62 drives the tool-changing disc 61 to move upwards. After passing through the tool 50a to be replaced, the second cylinder 6123 drives the trapezoidal block 6124 to move inwards. The trapezoidal block 6124 reduces the thrust on the tail of the jaw 6122, tightens the jaw 6122, clamps the tool 50a to be replaced, and the driving part 62 drives the tool-changing disc 61 to move downwards to pull out the tool 50a to be replaced.

[0064] The main shaft of the driving part 62 is connected to the center of the disc body 611. The main shaft of the driving part 62 rotates to drive the disc body 611 to rotate, thereby driving the jaw part 612 arranged on the side of the disc body 611 to rotate, rotating the jaw part 612 of the target tool 50b to the tool-changing station. The driving part 62 drives the tool-changing disc 61 to move upwards. The jaw part 612 clamps the target tool 50b and drives the target tool 50b to move upwards. When the target tool 50b is fixed by the steel balls 45 in the sleeve 44, the jaw opens to complete the switching of the tool 50b.

[0065] This embodiment provides a method for integrated friction stir additive and subtractive manufacturing of bar materials, which is applied to the above-mentioned integrated friction stir additive and subtractive manufacturing device 100 for bar materials, and includes: during additive manufacturing, the machine tool controls the rotation of the main shaft 10, and the bar fixing component 20 in the main shaft 10 fixes the bar material. Among them, the first shaft component 23 and the second shaft component 24 connected to the clamping bar 25. The second shaft component 24 is matched with the pin shaft of the lower disc 22, which ensures its stable swing. The first shaft component 23 is matched with the chute to realize its sliding along the fixed direction. Through these two mechanisms, the three clamping bars 25 can swing simultaneously, and the swinging angles are also the same. The side of the lower disc 22 is also connected with a first cylinder 26. Through the operation of the first cylinder 26, the lower disc 22 is driven to rotate, driving the swing of the bar material 70, so as to change the diameter between the arcs of the clamping bars 25 and realize the clamping and fixing of bar materials 70 of different diameters. The piston rod 33 of the hydraulic component 30 moves downward to push the bar material to move downward at a uniform speed, so that the bar material is extruded from the hollow shaft 43 of the stirring head. The main shaft 10 drives the stirring head 41 and the bar material to rotate together, so that the bar material is plasticized and deposited. The stirring pins 42 at the lower end of the stirring head 41 stir the bar material evenly and sufficiently to complete additive manufacturing;

[0066] During subtractive manufacturing, the tool changing disc 61 will lift the tool shank of the tool 50 to align it with the hollow shaft 43 of the stirring head. There is a sleeve 44 inside the hollow shaft 43 of the stirring head. There are four symmetric holes at the lower part of the sleeve 44, and steel balls 45 are embedded in the holes. When the tool shank of the tool 50 pushes up the bottom of the sleeve 44, the sleeve 44 will drive the steel balls 45 to roll upward. At a certain position, the steel balls 45 will be pushed out by the inner wall of the stirring head 41 by a certain position, about one-third to one-half. The part pushed out by the four steel balls 45 fixes the tool shank of the tool 50. Subsequently, the main shaft 10 rotates to cut the excess flash of the additively manufactured component, completing subtractive manufacturing.

[0067] During tool change, different types of tools 50 are clamped on each jaw part 612. When it is necessary to switch the tool 50, the empty jaw part 612 is moved to the tool change station, which is directly below the hollow shaft 43 of the stirring head. The second cylinder 6123 in the jaw part 612 drives the trapezoidal block 6124 to move outward. The trapezoidal block 6124 pushes the tail of the jaw 6122 to open the jaw 6122. The driving part 62 drives the tool changing disc 61 to move upward. After passing through the tool to be replaced, the second cylinder 6123 drives the trapezoidal block 6124 to move inward. The trapezoidal block 6124 reduces the thrust on the tail of the jaw 6122, tightens the jaw 6122, clamps the tool to be replaced, and the driving part 62 drives the tool changing disc 61 to move downward to pull out the tool to be replaced 50.

[0068] The main shaft of the driving part 62 is connected to the center of the disc body 611. The main shaft of the driving part 62 rotates to drive the disc body 611 to rotate, thereby driving the jaw part 612 arranged on the side of the disc body 611 to rotate, rotating the jaw part 612 of the target tool 50 to the tool change station. The driving part 62 drives the tool changing disc 61 to move upward. The jaw part 612 clamps the target tool 50 and drives the target tool 50 to move upward. When the target tool 50 is fixed by the steel balls 45 in the sleeve 44, the jaw opens, completing the switching of the tool 50.

[0069] Functions and effects of the embodiment

[0070] The bar-type friction stir additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated device and method of this embodiment expand the application field of additively manufactured components. Subtractive manufacturing can be carried out while additive manufacturing, and there is no need to replace the machine tool.

[0071] The bar-type friction stir additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated device of this embodiment can make the device adapt to bars of different sizes through the bar fixing component.

[0072] The bar-type friction stir additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated device of this embodiment pushes the bar downward through the hydraulic component.

[0073] The bar-type friction stir additive and subtractive manufacturing integrated device of this embodiment is equipped with an automatic tool changing component, which can timely change the tool during subtractive manufacturing according to different requirements, improving the convenience of subtractive manufacturing.

[0074] Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bar material stirring friction adding and subtracting integrated device, characterized in that: include: a spindle connected to an external machine tool and configured to rotate driven by the machine tool; A bar fixing assembly is arranged inside the spindle and is used to fix the position of the bar; A hydraulic assembly is disposed inside the spindle and connected to the bar fixing assembly, and is used to drive the bar fixing assembly and then drive the bar to move downward; An integrated additive and subtractive material stirring head assembly is connected to the main shaft and is used to plasticize and deposit the bar material by rotating and rubbing under the drive of the main shaft, thereby performing additive manufacturing; The tool is connected to the integrated material adding and subtracting stirring head assembly and is used for reducing material by rotating and cutting the workpiece after material addition.

2. The rod material friction stir increasing and decreasing integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The hydraulic assembly comprises: a piston, a hexagonal nut and a piston rod, wherein the hexagonal nut is respectively connected to the piston and the piston rod, and the piston rod is also connected to the bar fixing assembly.

3. The integrated device for friction stir material addition and subtraction according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The bar material fixing assembly includes: an upper disc, a lower disc, a first shaft component, a second shaft component, a clamping rod and a first cylinder. The upper disc is connected to the hydraulic assembly, and the lower disc is clamped by the arc groove on the side of the upper disc. The first shaft component is arranged in the slide groove of the upper disc, and the second shaft component is connected to the pin shaft of the lower disc. The clamping rod is connected to the first shaft component and the second shaft component respectively, and the first cylinder is connected to the lower disc.

4. The rod material friction stir increasing and decreasing integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The integrated additive and subtractive material stirring head assembly includes: a stirring head, a stirring needle, a stirring head hollow shaft, a sleeve and a steel ball. The stirring head hollow shaft is arranged inside the stirring head, the stirring needle is arranged at the bottom of the stirring head, the sleeve is arranged in the stirring head hollow shaft, and the steel ball is arranged in the hole of the sleeve.

5. The rod material friction stir increasing and decreasing integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Automatic tool changing assembly, used for automatically changing tools.

6. The rod material friction stir increasing and decreasing integrated device according to claim 1, Features: Wherein, the automatic tool changing assembly comprises: A tool changer, used for rotating and switching tools when reducing materials, and installing the tools on the integrated mixing head assembly for increasing and reducing materials; The driving part is connected to the tool changing disc and is used to drive the tool changing disc to change the tool.

7. The rod material friction stir increasing and decreasing integrated device according to claim 6, characterized in that: in, The tool changing disc comprises: a disc body and a clamping claw portion, wherein the clamping claw portion is arranged on a side surface of the disc body, and the number of the clamping claw portion is at least one.

8. The rod material friction stir increasing and decreasing integrated device according to claim 7, characterized in that: in, The clamping jaw part comprises: a mounting box, a clamping jaw, a second cylinder, and a trapezoidal block. The shaft of the mounting box is connected to the pin shaft of the clamping jaw. The second cylinder is arranged in the mounting box, and the trapezoidal block is connected to the second cylinder.

9. A bar stir friction material addition and subtraction integrated method, applied to the bar stir friction material addition and subtraction integrated device according to claims 1-8, characterized in that: include: During material addition, the machine tool controls the main shaft to rotate, the bar fixing assembly in the main shaft fixes the bar, the piston rod of the hydraulic assembly moves downward, pushing the bar to move downward at a uniform speed, so that the bar is extruded from the hollow shaft of the stirring head, and the main shaft drives the stirring head and the bar to rotate together, so that the bar is plasticized and deposited, and the stirring target at the lower end of the stirring head stirs the bar evenly and fully to complete the material addition; When reducing material, the driving part of the automatic tool changing assembly drives the tool changing disc to rotate for tool changing, and the tool changing disc will align the tool handle with the hollow shaft of the mixing head and lift it up. A sleeve is provided in the hollow shaft of the mixing head, and the lower end part of the sleeve has four symmetrical holes. The steel balls are embedded in the holes. When the tool handle pushes against the bottom of the sleeve, the sleeve will roll upward with the steel balls. When the steel balls reach a certain position, they will be pushed out by the inner wall of the mixing head. The tool handle is fixed by the parts pushed out by the four steel balls, and then the spindle is rotated to cut the excess burrs of the component after material addition to complete material reduction.

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