Stable self-clamping module for achieving automatic feeding and hole drilling of edge of structural part

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of machining equipment, and discloses a stable self-clamping module for realizing automatic feeding and hole drilling on the edge of a structural member, which comprises a main body part and a transmission clamping mechanism. The main body part comprises a C-shaped clamp guide cylinder and a clamp main body, the C-shaped clamp guide cylinder is used for being connected with an automatic feeding drill, and the clamp main body is used for being connected with the C-shaped clamp guide cylinder and a transmission clamping mechanism; the transmission clamping mechanism is driven by an air cylinder, the tail end of a connecting rod mechanism of the transmission clamping mechanism is connected with a hollow lead screw, and clamping of workpieces is achieved through combined action with the C-shaped clamp guide cylinder. The clamping device is integrated with an automatic feeding drill, the automatic feeding drill can rapidly and stably clamp the edge of a structural part in a self-clamping mode, and the use flexibility and the clamping efficiency of the automatic feeding drill are improved; the problems that a universal clamp is difficult to fix and effectively support, a special clamp is high in cost, and the machining quality stability is poor due to insufficient rigidity of the edge position of a structural part are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of processing equipment, and relates to a stable self-clamping module for realizing automatic feeding and drilling of holes at the edge of a structural member. Background Art

[0002] During the connection process of structural members of aviation equipment, a large number of connection holes need to be machined at the edge positions. Using an automatic feeding drill to drill holes in such areas is currently the mainstream method for high-quality and high-efficiency production internationally. However, the structures of some of these areas are complex, and it is difficult for general fixtures to firmly hold and effectively support them, so special fixtures need to be manufactured, resulting in high costs; some are weakly rigid, and are prone to deformation and vibration during processing, which easily leads to quality problems such as out-of-tolerance hole diameters. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a stable self-clamping module for realizing automatic feeding and drilling of holes at the edge of a structural member, so as to realize hole machining without relying on external fixtures and without being affected by the overall weak rigidity.

[0003] Foreign research on self-clamping modules for realizing automatic feeding and drilling of holes at the edge of structural members started earlier. Currently, there are corresponding products of many companies on the market. For example, the C-shaped edge clamping module of the French company desoutter. This device drives the rocker arm to rotate and open / close through a cylinder. The end of the rocker arm clamps the workpiece with the tool guide cylinder, reducing the difficulty of clamping operation and improving the clamping efficiency. Most domestic research on fixtures for realizing edge hole machining of structural members has not developed in the direction of adapting to automatic feeding drills. Huang Qiang et al. from Xi'an Xihang Group Wright Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Co., Ltd. invented "An auxiliary support for edge and hole machining of thin-walled parts", with the patent number 201820625644.3. By setting a support semi-ring at the edge part of the part, the rigidity of the thin-walled part is effectively improved, the fit clearance between the thin-walled part and the auxiliary support is controlled, the problem of uneven force between the auxiliary support and the thin-walled part is solved, and the deformation generated after edge and hole machining of the part is controlled. However, it can only be used for edge hole machining of large ring workpieces, with poor versatility, and it is difficult to effectively clamp when the workpiece shape is complex or there are many types. Chen Guoxing et al. from Guangxi Liuzhou No. 2 Machine Tool Factory invented "An effective method for machining multi-segment non-equal-length arcs at the edge of thin-walled parts", with the patent number 201810449145.8. By locking the nut to press the pressing plate, the deformation of the workpiece edge is prevented, and stable clamping and hole machining can be achieved for thin-walled workpieces. However, its clamping and releasing operations are cumbersome and complex, requiring a large amount of manual operation and having low efficiency.

[0004] In summary, to meet the requirements of high-quality and high-efficiency machining of the edge positions of structural members by an automatic feeding drill, it is necessary to develop a stable self-clamping module for realizing automatic feeding and drilling of holes at the edge of a structural member, which is compact in structure, firm in clamping, simple in operation, and can ensure machining efficiency and machining quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the requirement of high-quality and efficient machining of the edge position of structural parts by an automatic-feed drill, the present invention develops a stable self-clamping module for realizing automatic-feed drilling of holes at the edge of structural parts. The device includes a guiding cylinder, a transmission clamping mechanism, and a fixture body. The device is connected to the automatic-feed drill through a guiding sleeve. The transmission clamping mechanism transmits the acting force of the air cylinder to the lead screw through a linkage mechanism to provide a clamping force to the edge of the structural part. When the rocker rotates, it is always located near the dead point position, so that the rocker can only be driven unidirectionally, ensuring that it will not fall off due to excessive axial force during hole drilling after clamping; a parallelogram structure is formed between the rocker and the lead screw, ensuring that the axis of the lead screw is always parallel to the guiding cylinder of the C-shaped fixture, making the clamping force always parallel to the axial force of hole drilling, reducing the bending moment load caused by eccentricity, and further ensuring the stability of clamping.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0007] A stable self-clamping module for realizing automatic-feed drilling of holes at the edge of structural parts, including a main body part and a transmission clamping mechanism;

[0008] The main body part includes a C-shaped fixture guiding cylinder, bolt 1, and a fixture body; a guiding hole and a threaded hole are provided in the upper part of the fixture body. The C-shaped fixture guiding cylinder passes through the guiding hole in the fixture body and is connected to the fixture body through bolt 1; an installation hole is preset below the fixture body for connecting to an air cylinder;

[0009] The transmission clamping mechanism includes hinge pin 1, hinge pin 4, rocker arm protection cover, rocker arm connection and fixing support, cylinder connection piece, bolt 2, bolt 3, hinge pin 2, force transmission connection piece, thrust needle roller bearing 1, base connection piece, rocker arm connection piece, hinge pin 5, hinge pin 3, rocker arm mirror image protection cover, bolt 4, rocker arm, thrust needle roller bearing 2, serrated lead screw, hinge pin 6, hinge pin 7, lead screw connection piece, oil-free bushing 1, bolt 5, parallelogram connecting rod, front end of the lead screw, rubber gasket, oil-free bushing 2, hinge pin 8 and bolt 6; a positioning structure is provided at the upper part of the end of the fixture body. The cross-section of the rocker arm connection and fixing support is an L-shaped structure, and a positioning round hole is provided on its horizontal plane. The rocker arm connection and fixing support is connected to the fixture body through the positioning round hole and bolt 2; a clamping plate structure is provided on the vertical surface of the rocker arm connection and fixing support, and a hole is opened on the clamping plate structure. A right hole and a left hole are opened on the base connection piece. Hinge pin 8 realizes the connection between the base connection piece and the clamping plate structure through the hole on the clamping plate structure and the left hole, and is fixed by a circlip to realize hinge connection; reinforcing ribs are provided on the vertical surface of the rocker arm connection and fixing support, and a round hole 2 is provided on the reinforcing ribs. The rocker arm includes an upper double-ear structure and a lower double-ear structure. Two groups of corresponding upper holes 1 and upper holes 2 are opened on the upper double-ear structure, and a group of lower holes are opened on the lower double-ear structure. The oil-free bushing 2 is installed on the upper hole 1. A thrust needle roller bearing 2 is installed between the rocker arm and the rocker arm connection and fixing support. Hinge pin 4 and bolt 6 realize hinge connection through the upper hole 1 and the round hole 2; another round hole 1 is provided on the reinforcing rib of the rocker arm connection and fixing support, and a through hole for the parallelogram connecting rod to pass through exists above the reinforcing rib. A hole corresponding to the round hole 1 is opened on the parallelogram connecting rod. Hinge pin 1 realizes the connection between the parallelogram connecting rod and the rocker arm connection and fixing support through the round hole 1 and the hole on the parallelogram connecting rod, and is fixed by a circlip to realize hinge connection; threaded holes are provided around the rocker arm connection and fixing support;

[0010] The force transmission connection piece is provided with a hole 2, which corresponds to the hole 3 of the rocker arm connection piece and the right hole on the base connection piece. Two thrust needle roller bearings are installed between the rocker arm connection piece and the force transmission connection piece. A thrust needle roller bearing 1 and a gasket are respectively installed between the two base connection pieces and the force transmission connection piece. The above connection parts are all connected by hinge pin 5 and bolt 3 to form a compound hinge structure; the cylinder connection piece is a double-ear structure, and an installation hole is provided at its bottom, and it is connected to the cylinder through an installation bolt adapted to the cylinder; the hole 1 on the force transmission connection piece corresponds to the hole on the double-ear structure of the cylinder connection piece, and the two are connected by hinge pin 2 to form a hinge connection and are fixed by a circlip;

[0011] The lead screw connecting piece is provided with a pin hole, and the lower hole of the rocker arm corresponds to it. An oil-free bushing one is installed inside the pin hole of the lead screw connecting piece. The lower hole of the rocker arm and the pin hole of the lead screw connecting piece are connected by bolt five to install hinge pin six on the lower hole and the pin hole, forming a hinge joint; the lead screw connecting piece is provided with hole five, and the other hole of the parallelogram link corresponds to it. Hinge pin seven forms a hinge joint through hole five of the lead screw connecting piece and the hole of the parallelogram link, and is fixed by a circlip; the inside of the lead screw connecting piece is provided with a serrated threaded hole, and the external serrated thread of the lead screw corresponds to it, and the two form a threaded fit; the front end of the lead screw is provided with a serrated threaded hole, corresponding to the external serrated thread of the lead screw, forming a threaded fit; three threaded holes are provided on the side of the front end of the lead screw. The rubber gasket is a circular ring structure with a flange, and three countersunk holes are provided on its side, corresponding to the threaded holes at the front end of the lead screw, and the two are connected by bolts;

[0012] Threaded holes are provided around the rocker arm connection fixed support. The rocker arm protection cover and the rocker arm mirror protection cover are provided with holes. The rocker arm protection cover and the rocker arm mirror protection cover are installed on both sides of the rocker arm connection fixed support, and the holes on them correspond to the threaded holes. The rocker arm protection cover and the rocker arm mirror protection cover are respectively connected to the rocker arm connection fixed support by bolt four.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention provides a stable self-clamping module for realizing automatic feeding and drilling holes at the edge of a structural member. The cylinder force is transmitted to the lead screw through the four-bar mechanism and the parallelogram link mechanism, providing a large clamping force to the edge of the structural member, and realizing stable self-clamping of the automatic feeding drill to the edge of the structural member. The parallelogram link is connected to the rocker arm through a pin shaft and the rocker arm connection fixed support, and forms a parallelogram link mechanism with the lead screw connecting piece, ensuring that the axis of the serrated lead screw is always parallel to the axis of the C-shaped fixture guide tube 1. In the clamping state, the four-bar mechanism composed of the force transmission connecting piece, the base connecting piece, the rocker arm connecting piece, and the rocker arm is near the dead point position, making the clamping more reliable and stable. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 It is an exploded view of the stable self-clamping module for realizing automatic feeding and drilling holes at the edge of the structural member of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of the stable self-clamping module for realizing automatic feeding and drilling holes at the edge of the structural member of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a detailed structure diagram of some parts of the stable self-clamping module for realizing automatic feeding and drilling holes at the edge of the structural member of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 It is a processing schematic diagram of the stable self-clamping module for realizing automatic feeding and drilling holes at the edge of the structural member of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 Schematic structural diagram of the rocker arm connection and fixing support part of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 Schematic structural diagram of the cylinder connection part of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 Schematic structural diagram of the base connection part of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 8 Schematic structural diagram of the rocker arm connection part of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 9 Schematic structural diagram of the rocker arm part of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 10 Schematic structural diagram of the lead screw connection part of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1 - C-shaped fixture guide cylinder, 2 - Bolt 1, 3 - Fixture main body, 4 - Hinge pin 1, 5 - Hinge pin 4, 6 - Rocker arm protection cover, 7 - Rocker arm connection and fixing support, 8 - Cylinder connector, 9 - Bolt 2, 10 - Bolt 3, 11 - Hinge pin 2, 12 - Force transmission connector, 13 - Thrust needle roller bearing 1, 14 - Base connector, 15 - Rocker arm connector, 16 - Hinge pin 5, 17 - Hinge pin 3, 18 - Rocker arm mirror image protection cover, 19 - Bolt 4, 20 - Rocker arm, 21 - Thrust needle roller bearing 2, 22 - Serrated lead screw, 23 - Hinge pin 6, 24 - Hinge pin 7, 25 - Lead screw connector, 26 - Oil-free bushing 1, 27 - Bolt 5, 28 - Parallelogram link, 29 - Front end of lead screw, 30 - Rubber gasket, 31 - Oil-free bushing 2, 32 - Hinge pin 8, 33 - Bolt 6, 34 - Automatic feed drill, 35 - Workpiece to be machined, 7a - Threaded hole, 7b - Clamping plate structure, 7c - Round hole 1, 7d - Round hole 2, 7e - Positioning round hole, 12a - Hole 1, 12b - Hole 2, 14a - Right hole, 14b - Left hole, 15a - Hole 3, 15b - Hole 4, 20a - Upper hole 1, 20b - Upper hole 2, 20c - Lower hole, 25a - Pin hole, 25b - Hole 5. Specific implementation manners

[0025] The following further describes the specific implementation manners of the present invention in combination with the accompanying drawings and technical solutions.

[0026] Refer to Figures 1 to 10 , a stable self-clamping module for realizing automatic feed drilling of holes at the edge of a structural member, including:

[0027] As shown in Figure 1A stable self-clamping module for automatically feeding and drilling holes at the edge of a structural member as shown. The device includes a C-shaped fixture guide cylinder 1, a first bolt 2, a fixture body 3, a first hinge pin 4, a fourth hinge pin 5, a rocker protection cover 6, a rocker connection and fixing support 7, a cylinder connecting piece 8, a second bolt 9, a third bolt 10, a second hinge pin 11, a force transmission connecting piece 12, a first thrust needle bearing 13, a base connecting piece 14, a rocker connecting piece 15, a fifth hinge pin 16, a third hinge pin 17, a rocker mirror protection cover 18, a fourth bolt 19, a rocker 20, a second thrust needle bearing 21, a serrated lead screw 22, a sixth hinge pin 23, a seventh hinge pin 24, a lead screw connecting piece 25, a first oil-free bushing 26, a fifth bolt 27, a parallelogram link 28, a front end of the lead screw 29, a rubber gasket 30, a second oil-free bushing 31, an eighth hinge pin 32, and a sixth bolt 33.

[0028] In this embodiment, the first bolt 2 passes through the fixture body 3 and is connected to the internal threaded hole of the C-shaped fixture guide cylinder 1; the rocker connection and fixing support 7 is connected to the fixture body 3 by the second bolt 9; the base connecting piece 14 and the rocker connection and fixing support 7 form a hinge connection through the eighth hinge pin 32 and are fixed by a circlip; the parallelogram link 28 and the rocker connection and fixing support 7 form a hinge connection through the first hinge pin 4 and are fixed by a circlip; the rocker 20 and the rocker connection and fixing support 7 form a hinge connection through the second oil-free bushing 31, the fourth hinge pin 5, and the sixth bolt 33 and are fixed by the fifth bolt 27; the rocker connecting piece 15 and the rocker 20 form a hinge connection through the third hinge pin 17 and the second thrust needle bearing 21 and are fixed by a circlip; a gasket and the first thrust needle bearing 13 are installed between the base connecting piece 14 and the force transmission connecting piece 12, and two thrust needle bearings are installed between the force transmission connecting piece 12 and the rocker connecting piece 15. The force transmission connecting piece 12, the gasket, the first thrust needle bearing 13, and the rocker connecting piece 15 form a compound hinge structure through the fifth hinge pin 16 and are connected by the third bolt 10; after the cylinder connecting piece 8 is pre-connected to the cylinder by bolts, it forms a hinge connection with the force transmission connecting piece 12 through the first hinge pin 11; the lead screw connecting piece 25 and the rocker 20 form a hinge connection through the sixth hinge pin 23, the first oil-free bushing 26, and the second thrust needle bearing 21 and are fixed by the fifth bolt 27; the parallelogram link 28 and the lead screw connecting piece 25 are connected by the seventh hinge pin 24 and a circlip. The connecting lines between the two hinge holes of the parallelogram link 28 and the upper hole 20a and the lower hole 20c above the two hinge points of the rocker 20 form a parallelogram, ensuring that the axis of the lead screw connecting piece 25 always remains horizontal during the clamping movement; the serrated lead screw 22 is sequentially screwed into the lead screw connecting piece 25 and the front end of the lead screw 29; the rubber gasket and the front end of the lead screw are bolt-connected through the side threaded holes; the rocker protection cover 6 and the rocker mirror protection cover 18 are connected to the rocker connection and fixing support 7 by the fourth bolt 19.

[0029] During operation, power is provided by the cylinder, driving the cylinder connecting piece 8 to move upward. Through the connecting rod mechanism composed of the force transmission connecting piece 12, the base connecting piece 14, the rocker connecting piece 15, and the rocker 20, the telescopic motion of the cylinder is converted into the circular motion of the rocker 20 around the fixed pin shaft A5, forming the circular motion of the rocker 20. When the rotation angle of the rocker 20 is 0°, that is, when the line connecting the upper hole 20a and the lower hole 20c in the rocker 20 is perpendicular to the axis of the fixture guide cylinder 1, the four-bar linkage is at the dead point. The rocker 20 always rotates near the dead point position during rotation, thus achieving the labor-saving effect. The parallelogram structure formed by the parallelogram connecting rod 28, the rocker 20, the lead screw connecting piece 25, and the rocker connection fixed support 7 ensures that the axis of the lead screw is always parallel to the C-shaped fixture guide cylinder, thereby ensuring a tight fit with the clamping surface.

[0030] In the embodiment, the inside of the used lead screw connecting piece 25 is a threaded structure, and the serrated lead screw 22 can reciprocate along the axis. The lead screw engagement distance can be changed according to the situation of the material to be processed and fixed by a setscrew. A rubber gasket made of fluororubber is installed at the front end of the lead screw, which has a hollow structure, increasing the friction force between the workpiece surface, making the clamping more stable.

Claims

1. A stable self-clamping module for realizing automatic feeding and drilling of holes on the edge of a structural part, characterized in that: The stable self-clamping module for realizing automatic feeding and drilling of holes on the edge of a structural part comprises a main body and a transmission clamping mechanism; the main body comprises a C-shaped clamp guide cylinder and a clamp body; a guide hole is provided on the upper part of the clamp body, and the C-shaped clamp guide cylinder passes through the guide hole on the clamp body and is connected to the clamp body; the clamp body is connected to a cylinder; The transmission clamping mechanism includes a hinge pin, a rocker arm protective cover, a rocker arm connecting and fixing support, a cylinder connecting piece, a force transmission connecting piece, a thrust needle roller bearing, a base connecting piece, a rocker arm connecting piece, a rocker arm mirror protective cover, a rocker arm, a serrated screw, a screw connecting piece, an oil-free bushing, a parallelogram connecting rod, a screw front end, and a rubber gasket; a positioning structure is provided on the upper end of the clamp body, and the cross-section of the rocker arm connecting and fixing support is an L-shaped structure, and its horizontal plane is connected to the clamp body; a splint structure is provided on the vertical surface of the rocker arm connecting and fixing support, and the splint structure is connected to the base connecting piece and fixed by a retaining spring to achieve hinged connection; a reinforcing rib is provided on the vertical surface of the rocker arm connecting and fixing support, and the rocker arm includes an upper double ear piece and a lower double ear piece, and two thrust needle roller bearings are installed between the upper double ear piece of the rocker arm and the rocker arm connecting and fixing support; the reinforcing rib of the rocker arm connecting and fixing support is connected to the parallelogram connecting rod to achieve hinged connection; Two thrust needle roller bearings are installed between the rocker arm connector and the force transmission connector, and one thrust needle roller bearing and one gasket are installed between the two base connectors and the force transmission connector respectively, forming a composite hinge structure; the cylinder connector is a double-ear plate structure, and its bottom is connected to the cylinder; the double-ear plate structure of the cylinder connector is connected to the force transmission connector to form a hinge; The lead screw connector is provided with a pin hole for installing an oil-free bushing. The lower double ear piece of the rocker arm is connected to the lead screw connector to form a hinge. The lead screw connector and the parallelogram connecting rod are hinged through a hinge pin. A serrated threaded hole is provided inside the lead screw connector, and the serrated lead screw external thread corresponds to it, and the two form a threaded fit. A serrated threaded hole is provided at the front end of the lead screw, and the serrated lead screw external thread corresponds to it, and the two form a threaded fit. The rubber gasket is a circular ring structure with a flange, which is connected to the front end of the lead screw. The rocker arm protection cover and the rocker arm mirror image protection cover are installed on both sides of the rocker arm connection fixing support, and the rocker arm protection cover and the rocker arm mirror image protection cover are respectively connected to the rocker arm connection fixing support.

Images