Process and device for preparing magnesium hydride particles in gas phase

Abstract

The invention aims at disclosing a process and a device for preparing magnesium hydride particles in a gas phase, and relates to the technical field of magnesium hydride preparation, and the process comprises the following steps: inputting magnesium steam into a high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle; hydrogen preheated to 1000-1200 DEG C is input into the high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle, the air pressure in the high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle reaches 2-10 MPa, and the magnesium steam and the hydrogen react to generate magnesium hydride; magnesium hydride flows into a cooling and crushing tank from top to bottom, a plurality of annular calandrias are arranged in the cooling and crushing tank, argon with the temperature of-100 DEG C to 25 DEG C is sprayed from bottom to top by a plurality of gas outlets of the annular calandrias at the speed of 10 m / s to 30 m / s, and the argon and the magnesium hydride are subjected to convection to prepare magnesium hydride particles; the method has the technical effects that the gas phase environment can maximize the contact specific surface area between the magnesium hydride and the hydrogen, and the hydrogen content of the generated magnesium hydride is high; magnesium hydride flowing downwards encounters high-speed and vertically-upward argon flow, the temperature difference between argon and magnesium hydride is great, magnesium hydride is solidified into powder, and the follow-up re-smashing procedure is omitted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of magnesium hydride preparation, and more particularly to a process and apparatus for preparing magnesium hydride particles by gas phase method. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen energy has both energy and material dual properties. The storage and transportation of hydrogen pose technical and cost challenges due to its high volatility and low density. Therefore, developing a safe and efficient solid-state hydrogen storage and transportation technology is crucial for promoting the development of the hydrogen energy economy. Magnesium hydride, as a material with a wide range of raw material sources and easy to store and transport safely, has become one of the main materials for solid-state hydrogen storage. Conventional synthesis of magnesium hydride is through magnesium powder hydrogenation or magnesium droplet hydrogenation, and its defect is that the hydrogen content of the magnesium hydride prepared by magnesium powder hydrogenation and magnesium droplet hydrogenation is still insufficient or the energy consumption is relatively high.

[0003] In view of this, it is necessary to develop a process and apparatus for preparing magnesium hydride particles by gas phase method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to disclose a process and apparatus for preparing magnesium hydride particles by gas phase method.

[0005] The first object of the present invention is to develop a process for preparing magnesium hydride particles by gas phase method.

[0006] The second object of the present invention is to develop an apparatus for preparing magnesium hydride particles by gas phase method.

[0007] To achieve the above first object of the invention, the present invention provides a process for preparing magnesium hydride particles by gas phase method, including the following steps:

[0008] Input magnesium vapor into a high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle;

[0009] Input hydrogen preheated to 1000°C to 1200°C into the high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle, and the air pressure in the high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle reaches 2 MPa to 10 MPa, and magnesium vapor and hydrogen react to generate magnesium hydride;

[0010] The magnesium hydride flows downwards into a cooling and pulverizing tank, and a plurality of annular pipes are arranged in the cooling and pulverizing tank. A plurality of air outlets of the annular pipes spray argon at a temperature of -100°C to 25°C upwards at a speed of 10 m / s to 30 m / s, and the argon and magnesium hydride are in countercurrent to prepare magnesium hydride particles;

[0011] The magnesium hydride particles fall into a recovery tank.

[0012] To achieve the above first object of the invention, the present invention also provides a process for preparing magnesium hydride particles by gas phase method, including the following steps:

[0013] Input the magnesium vapor generated by the Pidgeon process reduction furnace into a high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle;

[0014] Input hydrogen preheated to 1000°C to 1200°C into the high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle. The air pressure in the high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle reaches 2 MPa to 10 MPa, and magnesium vapor reacts with hydrogen to form magnesium hydride;

[0015] The magnesium hydride flows downward into a cooling and pulverizing tank. A number of annular pipes are arranged in the cooling and pulverizing tank. A number of air outlets of the annular pipes spray argon at a temperature of -100°C to 25°C upward at a speed of 10 m / s to 30 m / s, and the argon and magnesium hydride are in countercurrent to prepare magnesium hydride particles;

[0016] The magnesium hydride particles fall into a recovery tank.

[0017] Preferably, a number of electromagnetic coils are arranged on the outer wall of the high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle.

[0018] Preferably, the electromagnetic coils keep the temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle at 1000°C - 1100°C.

[0019] Preferably, three rows of annular pipes are arranged, and the air outlets of the three rows of annular pipes are arranged staggeredly.

[0020] Preferably, the distance from the upper annular pipe to the top of the cooling and pulverizing tank is 10 m to 20 m;

[0021] The distance between two adjacent layers of the annular pipes is 0.5 m to 2 m.

[0022] Preferably, a conical part is arranged at the bottom of the cooling and pulverizing tank, and the cone angle of the conical part is 30° - 40°.

[0023] Preferably, a jacket is arranged on the outer wall of the conical part, and a number of cold oil pipes are arranged in the jacket.

[0024] Preferably, the air pressure in the cooling and pulverizing tank is 0.5 MPa lower than the air pressure in the high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle.

[0025] Based on the same inventive principle, to achieve the above-mentioned second inventive purpose, the present invention provides a device for preparing magnesium hydride particles by gas phase, including a magnesium vapor generating component, a high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle, a hydrogen preheating component, a cooling and pulverizing tank and a recovery tank;

[0026] The magnesium vapor generating component inputs magnesium vapor into the high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle, the hydrogen preheating component inputs hydrogen preheated to 1000°C to 1200°C into the high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle, and the air pressure in the high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle reaches 2 MPa to 10 MPa;

[0027] Magnesium vapor and hydrogen react in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor to form gaseous magnesium hydride.

[0028] Magnesium hydride is introduced into the top of the cooling and pulverizing tank. The air pressure in the cooling and pulverizing tank is 0.5 MPa lower than that in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor. A number of annular pipes are arranged in the cooling and pulverizing tank. A number of air outlets of the annular pipes spray argon at a temperature of -100°C to 25°C upward at a speed of 10 m / s to 30 m / s. The argon and magnesium hydride are in convection to prepare magnesium hydride particles.

[0029] The magnesium hydride particles are collected in the recovery tank.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] (1) In the present invention, magnesium vapor and preheated hydrogen are respectively introduced into the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor. In an environment of 2 MPa to 10 MPa, gaseous magnesium hydride is synthesized through a gaseous phase environment. The gaseous phase environment can maximize the contact specific surface area between hydrogen and magnesium, and the magnesium hydride generated has a high hydrogen content.

[0032] (2) The magnesium vapor in the present invention is derived from the magnesium vapor generated by the Pidgeon process reduction furnace, that is, the magnesium vapor in the process of preparing magnesium ingots from dolomite is directly used to prepare magnesium hydride, omitting the process of preparing magnesium ingots and then preparing magnesium hydride from magnesium ingots, achieving significant energy conservation.

[0033] (3) The hydrogen in the present invention is preheated and has a temperature close to that of the magnesium vapor, effectively preventing the liquefaction of the magnesium vapor caused by the introduction of hydrogen and ensuring the gaseous phase environment.

[0034] (4) The cooling of magnesium hydride gas adopts an up-and-down convection method to directly turn magnesium hydride into powder. The downward-flowing magnesium hydride encounters a high-speed and vertically upward argon gas flow. Under the cutting, impact and friction of the argon gas flow, the temperature of the argon gas is -100°C to 25°C, and the temperature difference between the two is extremely large. The magnesium hydride solidifies into powder, omitting the subsequent pulverization process. Description of the Drawings

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0036] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart for the gas-phase preparation of magnesium hydride particles in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2It is the schematic diagram of the device for preparing magnesium hydride particles by gas phase in the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 It is the top view schematic diagram of the annular pipe arrangement in the present invention.

[0039] Figure 4 It is the process flow chart of preparing magnesium hydride particles by gas phase in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 5 It is the XRD analysis diagram of synthesizing magnesium hydride in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0041] Among them, 1. High-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle; 2. Cooling and pulverizing tank; 3. Annular pipe; 31. Air outlet; 32. Annular pipe; 33. Conical part; 4. Recovery tank; 5. Refrigerator; 51. Cyclone separator; 52. Filter; 53. Compressor; 6. Hydrogen preheating component; 7. Magnesium vapor generation component. Detailed implementation manners

[0042] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments shown in the drawings. However, it should be noted that these embodiments are not limitations to the present invention. Any equivalent transformation or substitution in terms of function, method, or structure made by those of ordinary skill in the art according to these embodiments shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0044] Example 1, refer to Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this example discloses a specific implementation manner of a process for preparing magnesium hydride particles by gas phase.

[0045] The process for preparing magnesium hydride particles by gas phase, refer to Figures 1 to 3 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0046] Step S1: Input magnesium vapor into the high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle 1; specifically, to prevent the condensation of magnesium vapor, a plurality of electromagnetic coils are arranged on the outer wall of the high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle 1, and the electromagnetic coils keep the temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle 1 at 1000°C - 1100°C to ensure that magnesium is in the gas phase.

[0047] Step S2: Hydrogen gas preheated to 1000°C to 1200°C is introduced into the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 1. The air pressure inside the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 1 reaches 2 MPa to 10 MPa, and magnesium vapor reacts with hydrogen gas to form magnesium hydride. Specifically, the hydrogen gas is preheated to 1000°C to 1200°C and comes into contact with gaseous magnesium to rapidly form magnesium hydride. In a positive pressure environment of 2 MPa to 10 MPa and a high-temperature environment of 1000°C - 1100°C, such as 3 MPa, 5 MPa, 7 MPa, 9 MPa, magnesium hydride is in a gaseous state.

[0048] Step S3: Magnesium hydride flows into the cooling and pulverizing tank 2 from top to bottom. A number of annular pipes 3 are arranged inside the cooling and pulverizing tank 2. A number of air outlets 31 of the annular pipes 3 jet argon gas with a temperature of -100°C to 25°C upward at a speed of 10 m / s to 30 m / s, and the argon gas and magnesium hydride are in convection to prepare magnesium hydride particles. Specifically, the air pressure inside the cooling and pulverizing tank 2 is 0.5 MPa lower than the air pressure inside the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 1. The magnesium hydride gas jets from the high-pressure high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 1 to the low-pressure cooling and pulverizing tank 2. Argon gas with a temperature of -100°C to 25°C jets upward at a speed of 10 m / s to 30 m / s. The high-temperature magnesium hydride and the extremely low-temperature argon gas generate convection, collision, cutting, and friction, so that the magnesium hydride is rapidly cooled and pulverized into a particulate state. To ensure that the argon gas convects uniformly with magnesium hydride across the entire cross-section of the cooling and pulverizing tank 2, the annular pipes 3 are arranged in three rows. Each row of annular pipes 3 is composed of a number of concentric annular pipes 32. A number of air outlets 31 of each annular pipe 32 face upward. The air outlets 31 of the three rows of annular pipes 3 are arranged staggeredly. The staggeredly arranged air outlets 31 ensure the uniformity of the air flow and the coverage of the entire cross-section of the cooling and pulverizing tank 2, realizing sufficient collision of magnesium hydride. To ensure sufficient cooling and pulverization of magnesium hydride, the distance between the upper annular pipe 3 and the top of the cooling and pulverizing tank 2 is 10 m to 20 m, and the distance between two adjacent layers of annular pipes 3 is 0.5 m to 2 m, so that the distance for the convection cooling of magnesium hydride and argon gas is long enough, the pulverization of magnesium hydride is more thorough, and the particles are finer.

[0049] Step S4: The magnesium hydride particles fall into the recovery tank 4. Specifically, to ensure the rapid falling of the magnesium hydride powder, a conical part 33 is arranged at the bottom of the cooling and pulverizing tank 3. The cone angle of the conical part 33 is 30° - 40°, which is close to the stacking angle of the magnesium hydride powder, avoiding the blockage or residue of the magnesium hydride powder at the bottom of the cooling and pulverizing tank 3. Since the inside of the cooling and pulverizing tank 3 is in a high-pressure environment, when falling, the magnesium hydride powder is affected by both the pressure difference and gravity, and the falling speed is fast.

[0050] It should be further explained that, in order to ensure that the magnesium hydride powder falls into the recovery tank 4 at a relatively low temperature, a jacket is provided on the outer wall of the conical portion 33, and a plurality of cold oil pipes are provided in the jacket. Heat transfer oil with a temperature of 25° C. is passed through the cold oil pipes to conduct away the residual heat of the magnesium hydride powder, thereby achieving low-temperature discharge.

[0051] In this embodiment, the argon gas is adjusted to a temperature of -100°C to 25°C by a refrigerator 5 and then introduced into the annular exhaust pipe 3. After the used argon gas is discharged, it passes through a cyclone separator 51 and a filter 52, and only the argon gas is recovered to the compressor again, thereby realizing the recycling of the argon gas. The cyclone separator 51 and the filter 52 can filter out the powdered magnesium hydride to prevent the magnesium hydride powder from entering the argon gas circulation system.

[0052] Example 2, see Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment discloses a specific implementation method of a process for preparing magnesium hydride particles in a gas phase.

[0053] Gas phase preparation of magnesium hydride particles, see Figure 4 As shown, the difference from Example 1 is that step A1 of Example 2 is: inputting the magnesium vapor generated by the Pijiang process reduction furnace into the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 1. Specifically, the process flow of magnesium smelting by the Pijiang process is as follows: (a) placing dolomite in a rotary kiln or a vertical kiln, heating it to 1100-1200°C, and sintering it into calcined white (MgO, CaO); (b) mixing calcined white, ferrosilicon powder and fluorite powder in proportion, grinding them and pressing them into balls; (c) placing the balls in a reduction tank, heating them to 1200°C, and keeping them under vacuum conditions of 13.3 Pa or higher for 8-10 hours to reduce the magnesium oxide into magnesium vapor, which is condensed into crude magnesium; (d) heating and melting the crude magnesium, refining it with a solvent at a high temperature of about 710°C, and casting it into a magnesium ingot, also known as refined magnesium. Step A1 is to directly pass the uncondensed magnesium vapor in the above step (c) into the high temperature and high pressure reactor 1. Compared with Example 1, magnesium ingots or magnesium particles are no longer used after vaporization, which greatly saves the energy required for preparing magnesium vapor. Since the magnesium vapor of this embodiment still contains certain impurities, the purity of the prepared magnesium hydride will also have certain impurities, which can be used in the scene of low purity of magnesium hydride.

[0054] Steps A2-A4 of the process for preparing magnesium hydride particles in the gas phase disclosed in this embodiment are the same as steps S2-S4 in Example 1. Please refer to the description of Example 1 for steps A2-A4, which will not be repeated here.

[0055] Embodiment 3, reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment discloses a specific implementation of a device for preparing magnesium hydride particles in the gas phase.

[0056] Device for preparing magnesium hydride particles by gas phase method, comprising a magnesium vapor generation component 7, a high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle 1, a hydrogen preheating component 6, a cooling and pulverizing tank 2 and a recovery tank 4. The magnesium vapor generation component is a magnesium ingot vaporization component or a Pidgeon process reduction furnace; the magnesium vapor generation component inputs magnesium vapor into the high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle 1, and the hydrogen preheating component 6 inputs hydrogen preheated to 1000°C to 1200°C into the high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle 1. The air pressure in the high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle 1 reaches 2 MPa to 10 MPa, such as 3 MPa, 5 MPa, 7 MPa, 9 MPa; magnesium vapor and hydrogen react in the high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle 1 to generate gaseous magnesium hydride; the magnesium hydride is introduced into the cooling and pulverizing tank 2 from the top. The air pressure in the cooling and pulverizing tank 2 is 0.5 MPa lower than the air pressure in the high-temperature and high-pressure reaction kettle 1. A number of annular pipes 3 are arranged in the cooling and pulverizing tank 2. A number of air outlets of the annular pipes 3 jet argon with a temperature of -100°C to 25°C upward at a speed of 10 m / s to 30 m / s. The argon and the magnesium hydride are in countercurrent to prepare magnesium hydride particles; the magnesium hydride particles are collected in the recovery tank 4.

[0057] Specifically, to prevent the condensation of magnesium vapor, a number of electromagnetic coils are provided on the outer wall of the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 1. The electromagnetic coils maintain the temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 1 at 1000°C - 1100°C to ensure that magnesium is in a gaseous phase; hydrogen is preheated to 1000°C - 1200°C and comes into contact with gaseous magnesium to rapidly generate magnesium hydride. In a positive pressure environment of 2 MPa - 10 MPa and a high-temperature environment of 1000°C - 1100°C, magnesium hydride is in a gaseous state; the air pressure in the cooling and pulverizing tank 2 is 0.5 MPa lower than the air pressure in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 1. The magnesium hydride gas is sprayed from the high-pressure high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 1 to the low-pressure cooling and pulverizing tank 2. Argon at a temperature of -100°C - 25°C is sprayed upward at a speed of 10 m / s - 30 m / s. The high-temperature magnesium hydride and the extremely low-temperature argon generate convection, collision, cutting, and friction, causing the magnesium hydride to be rapidly cooled and pulverized into a particulate state; to ensure that argon convects uniformly with magnesium hydride across the entire cross-section of the cooling and pulverizing tank 2, the annular pipes 3 are arranged in three rows. Each row of annular pipes 3 is composed of a number of concentric annular pipes 32. The several air outlets 31 of each annular pipe 32 face upward. The air outlets 31 of the three rows of annular pipes 3 are arranged staggeredly. The staggeredly arranged air outlets 31 ensure the uniformity of the air flow and the coverage of the entire cross-section of the cooling and pulverizing tank 2, achieving sufficient collision of magnesium hydride; to ensure the sufficient cooling and pulverization of magnesium hydride, the distance between the upper annular pipe 3 and the top of the cooling and pulverizing tank 2 is 10 m - 20 m, and the distance between two adjacent layers of annular pipes 3 is 0.5 m - 2 m, making the distance for the convection cooling of magnesium hydride and argon long enough, the pulverization of magnesium hydride more thorough, and the particles finer; to ensure the rapid falling of magnesium hydride powder, a conical part 33 is provided at the bottom of the cooling and pulverizing tank 3. The cone angle of the conical part 33 is 30° - 40°. This cone angle is close to the stacking angle of magnesium hydride powder, avoiding the blockage or residue of magnesium hydride powder at the bottom of the cooling and pulverizing tank 3; since the inside of the cooling and pulverizing tank 3 is a high-pressure environment, during the falling of the material, the magnesium hydride powder is simultaneously affected by the pressure difference and gravity, and the falling speed is fast; it should be further noted that to ensure that the magnesium hydride powder falls into the recovery tank 4 at a lower temperature, a jacket is provided on the outer wall of the conical part 33. A number of cold oil pipes are provided inside the jacket. Heat-conducting oil at a temperature of 25°C is introduced into the cold oil pipes to conduct out the remaining heat of the magnesium hydride powder, achieving low-temperature discharging.

[0058] In this embodiment, argon is adjusted to a temperature of -100°C - 25°C by a refrigerator 5 and then introduced into the annular pipes 3. After the used argon is discharged, it passes through a cyclone separator 51 and a filter 52, and only the argon is recycled to a compressor 53 to achieve the recycling of argon; the cyclone separator 51 and the filter 52 can filter out powdered magnesium hydride to prevent the magnesium hydride powder from entering the argon circulation system.

[0059] This embodiment directly uses the magnesium vapor generated by the Pidgeon process reduction furnace. The magnesium vapor still contains certain impurities, such as magnesium oxide. Refer to Figure 5 , and through XRD analysis, characteristic peaks of magnesium hydride (110, 101, 200, 221) appear in the X-ray diffraction pattern, and characteristic peaks of magnesium oxide also appear, proving that magnesium hydride can be synthesized in this embodiment; for Figure 5 , dehydrogenation treatment is carried out on the magnesium hydride particles. After exceeding 400 °C, magnesium hydride cracks into magnesium and hydrogen. After measurement, Figure 5 , the hydrogen content rate of the magnesium hydride particles in

[0060] can reach 6.5 wt%, which can meet the application scenario requirements with not too high requirements for the hydrogen content rate. The device for gas-phase preparation of magnesium hydride particles disclosed in this embodiment adopts the gas-phase preparation process of magnesium hydride particles in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2. For the same parts as in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, please refer to Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 and will not be elaborated here.

Claims

1. A process for preparing magnesium hydride particles in a gas phase, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Magnesium vapor is input into a high temperature and high pressure reactor; The hydrogen gas preheated to 1000℃~1200℃ is input into the high temperature and high pressure reactor, the gas pressure in the high temperature and high pressure reactor reaches 2MPa~10MPa, and the magnesium vapor and hydrogen gas react to generate magnesium hydride; The magnesium hydride flows from top to bottom into a cooling and crushing tank, wherein a plurality of annular pipes are arranged in the cooling and crushing tank, and a plurality of gas outlets of the annular pipes spray argon gas at a temperature of -100°C to 25°C from bottom to top at a speed of 10m / s to 30m / s, and the argon gas and the magnesium hydride are convected to prepare magnesium hydride particles; The magnesium hydride particles fall into the recovery tank.

2. A process for preparing magnesium hydride particles in a gas phase, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The magnesium vapor generated by the Pidgeon reduction furnace is input into a high-temperature and high-pressure reactor; The hydrogen gas preheated to 1000℃~1200℃ is input into the high temperature and high pressure reactor, the gas pressure in the high temperature and high pressure reactor reaches 2MPa~10MPa, and the magnesium vapor and hydrogen gas react to generate magnesium hydride; The magnesium hydride flows from top to bottom into a cooling and crushing tank, wherein a plurality of annular pipes are arranged in the cooling and crushing tank, and a plurality of gas outlets of the annular pipes spray argon gas at a temperature of -100°C to 25°C from bottom to top at a speed of 10m / s to 30m / s, and the argon gas and the magnesium hydride are convected to prepare magnesium hydride particles; The magnesium hydride particles fall into the recovery tank.

3. The process for preparing magnesium hydride particles in the gas phase according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A plurality of electromagnetic coils are arranged on the outer wall of the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor.

4. The process for preparing magnesium hydride particles in the gas phase as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The electromagnetic coil maintains the temperature of the high temperature and high pressure reactor at 1000°C-1100°C.

5. The process for preparing magnesium hydride particles in the gas phase according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The annular pipes are arranged in three rows, and the air outlets of the three rows of the annular pipes are arranged in a staggered manner.

6. The process for preparing magnesium hydride particles in the gas phase as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The distance between the annular pipe in the upper layer and the top of the cooling and crushing tank is 10m to 20m; The distance between two adjacent layers of the annular pipes is 0.5m to 2m.

7. The process for preparing magnesium hydride particles in the gas phase according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A conical portion is provided at the bottom of the cooling and crushing tank, and the cone angle of the conical portion is 30°-40°.

8. The process for preparing magnesium hydride particles in the gas phase as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: A jacket is arranged on the outer wall of the conical portion, and a plurality of cooling oil pipes are arranged in the jacket.

9. The process for preparing magnesium hydride particles in the gas phase according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The air pressure in the cooling and crushing tank is 0.5 MPa lower than the air pressure in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor.

10. A device for preparing magnesium hydride particles in gas phase, characterized in that: It includes magnesium vapor generation components, high temperature and high pressure reactor, hydrogen preheating components, cooling and crushing tanks and recovery tanks; The magnesium vapor generation component inputs magnesium vapor into the high temperature and high pressure reactor, and the hydrogen preheating component inputs hydrogen preheated to 1000° C. to 1200° C. into the high temperature and high pressure reactor, and the gas pressure in the high temperature and high pressure reactor reaches 2MPa to 10MPa; The magnesium vapor and hydrogen react in the high temperature and high pressure reactor to generate gas phase magnesium hydride; The magnesium hydride is introduced from the top of the cooling and crushing tank, the air pressure in the cooling and crushing tank is 0.5 MPa lower than the air pressure in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor, a plurality of annular pipes are arranged in the cooling and crushing tank, and a plurality of gas outlets of the annular pipes spray argon gas at a temperature of -100°C to 25°C from bottom to top at a speed of 10m / s to 30m / s, and the argon gas and the magnesium hydride are convected to prepare magnesium hydride particles; The magnesium hydride particles are collected in the recovery tank.

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